JP5966429B2 - 樹脂パネルの製造方法、サンドイッチパネルの製造方法 - Google Patents
樹脂パネルの製造方法、サンドイッチパネルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5966429B2 JP5966429B2 JP2012040625A JP2012040625A JP5966429B2 JP 5966429 B2 JP5966429 B2 JP 5966429B2 JP 2012040625 A JP2012040625 A JP 2012040625A JP 2012040625 A JP2012040625 A JP 2012040625A JP 5966429 B2 JP5966429 B2 JP 5966429B2
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- Prior art keywords
- resin
- protrusions
- pair
- molds
- molten resin
- Prior art date
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Links
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Images
Classifications
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- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
以下、図1及び図2を参照して、実施形態のサンドイッチパネル1について説明する。
図1に示すように、実施形態のサンドイッチパネル1は、一例として略直方体の外形形状を備えている。このサンドイッチパネル1は、おもて面側及び裏面側の双方に設けられる、熱可塑性樹脂の樹脂シートSA,SBによって、おもて面側及び裏面側の樹脂シート間に介在する芯材15(樹脂パネル)を挟み込むようにしたサンドイッチ構造となっている。樹脂シートSA,SBは、サンドイッチパネル1の薄肉の表皮材シートを構成し、押出装置により押し出される樹脂シート(溶融樹脂)が金型内で成形されることにより得られる。
また、中空部を含む発泡成形体全体の見かけの発泡倍率は、例えば10〜60倍の範囲であり、代表的には30倍である。ここでの見かけの発泡倍率とは、発泡前の混合樹脂の密度を、中空部を含む発泡成形体全体の密度で割った値である。
ガラスフィラーとしては、ガラス繊維、ガラスクロスやガラス不織布などのガラス繊維布、ガラスビーズ、ガラスフレーク、ガラスパウダー、ミルドガラスなどが挙げられる。ガラスの種類としては、Eガラス、Cガラス、Aガラス、Sガラス、Dガラス、NEガラス、Tガラス、クオーツ、低誘電率ガラス、高誘電率ガラスなどが挙げられる。
なお、ガラスフィラーに限らず、剛性を上げるためのタルク、炭酸カルシウム、珪灰石(Wollastonite)、マグネシウム系材料等の無機フィラー、カーボンファイバー等を混入させてもよい。
図2は、実施形態のサンドイッチパネル1の芯材15の部分平面図である。図3は、図2のA−A断面を示す図である。図4及び図5はそれぞれ、実施形態の芯材15を接合面で切ったときの構造の例を示す図である。図4において、(a)は平面図を示し、(b)は(a)のX−X断面及びY−Y断面を示す図である。図5において、(a)は平面図を示し、(b)は(a)のZ−Z断面を示す図である。
図3において第2の構造体15Bを参照すると、突起150bは、内方に向かうにつれて先細りするように形成されたテーパー面1501bと、頂部1502bとを有する。各突起150bのテーパー面1501bを内方に向かうにつれて先細りするようにすることで、芯材15の裏面に対する大きな荷重に対して突起150bが座屈し難くなるため、芯材15の裏面に対する圧縮方向の強度が増す。
図4及び図5において(a)は、芯材15を接合面で切断し、内方から見た(つまり、突起150bの頂部1502bの側から見た)平面図である。図4及び図5において(b)は、突起間に設けられている***部の方向に沿って第2の構造体15Bを切断したときの断面図である。図4及び図5において、***部は、芯材15の裏面を構成する基準面15Sbに沿って設けられている。
例えば、図4(a)及び図5(a)において、t1>t2の場合には、図4に示すように全体として交差状の***部が形成され、t1<t2の場合には、図5に示すように全体として1方向の直線状の***部が形成されやすい。図4及び図5では、紙面上の上から下に向かう方向が溶融樹脂の射出方向に対応しているが、その場合、***部が図4及び図5に示すような形状で形成されるときの好ましい寸法例を挙げれば以下のとおりである。
すなわち、図4の場合の隣接する突起150bの中心間の距離について、射出方向の距離t1は例えば11mmであり、射出方向と直交する方向の距離t2は例えば5.5mmである。突起の高さ(=構造体の幅)を12mmとした場合、形成される***部の高さRhは0.5〜3mmである。一方、図5の場合には、例えば、t1=5.5mm、t2=11mmであり、突起の高さ(=構造体の幅)を12mmとした場合、形成される***部の高さRhは1〜5mmである。
次に、芯材15の成形方法について説明する。
先ず、例えばポリオレフィン系樹脂を押出機(図示せず)に供給し、加熱溶融しつつ混練してから所定量の発泡剤を添加し、押出機内で更に混練して発泡性溶融樹脂とし、発泡性溶融樹脂を発泡に適した樹脂温度及び発泡性溶融樹脂が発泡を開始しない圧力下に維持しながらアキュムレータ(図示せず)に充填する。次いで、押出ヘッド40のダイ先端のゲートを開いた状態でアキュムレータのラム(図示せず)を押すことにより、発泡性溶融樹脂が低圧域に開放されて、発泡性の筒状パリソンPが形成される。なお、後工程の分割金型50A,50Bによる成形工程中において、発泡倍率はほぼ一定に保持される。
次いで、図7に示すように、2つの分割金型50A,50Bを開位置から閉位置に移動し、2つの分割金型50A,50Bを型締する。これにより、密閉空間(キャビティ)が構成される。次いで、このキャビティを通じて、ブロー成形あるいは真空成形することにより、キャビティ内のパリソンPはキャビティ内の形成面52A,52Bに沿って賦形される。
なお、前述したように、分割金型50A,50Bの複数の突起54A,54Bを、突起150a,150bに合わせて適切に配置することによって、成形後の一対の構造体15A,15Bの各々には、隣接する突起150a間、及び、隣接する突起150b間にリブ状の***部が形成されるようになる。
以上で、発泡性の芯材15の成形が完了する。
次に、図9〜15を参照して、実施形態のサンドイッチパネル1を、金型を用いて成形する装置および方法について説明する。
図9に示すように、実施形態の成形装置90は、押出装置60と、押出装置60の下方に配置された型締装置70とを有する。押出装置60から押出された溶融状態の樹脂シートPは、型締装置70に送られ、型締装置70において溶融状態の樹脂シートPが成形される。なお、図9では、型締装置70及び溶融状態の樹脂シートPのみを断面図で示してある。
先ず、図9に示したように、押出装置60から溶融状態の樹脂シートPが各ダイスリットから鉛直下方に押し出される。この押し出された樹脂シートPはそれぞれ、ローラ65A,65Bを通して、一対の分割金型71A,71Bの間に供給される。この時点で、一対の分割金型71A,71Bは開位置にある。
また、あらかじめ、装飾シートを分割金型の形成面に設置しておき、樹脂シートPの成形と同時に、樹脂シートPを装飾シートに溶着させてもよい。
尚、布製の装飾シートとしては、不織布が好ましい。特に、かえしのある針を突き刺して機械的に繊維を結合させてなるニードルパンチ不織布を用いることが、溶着強度向上のうえで好ましい。
尚、形成面72A,72Bの周囲にある摺動部75A,75Bの先端から樹脂シートP側の空気を吸引できるように構成することで、樹脂シートPを摺動部75A,75Bに接触させた状態で、確実に保持することができる。また、キャビティを吸引して樹脂シートPを形成面72A,72Bに沿った形状にするときに、皺が発生することを抑制できる。
また、鉛直下方に溶融状態の樹脂シートを押し出す構成とすることで製造装置の占有面積を減らすことができる。なぜなら、例えば、水平方向に押し出して成形する場合は、水平方向に樹脂シートを移動させるための搬送装置が別途必要になるとともに、当該搬送装置や金型を押出装置と水平方向に並べて設置することが必要になるからである。
なお、上述した実施形態のサンドイッチパネルの成形方法は、適宜変形するようにしてもよい。以下、実施形態のサンドイッチパネルの成形方法の変形例について説明する。
上述したサンドイッチパネルの成形方法では、一対のTダイが溶融状態の樹脂シートを押し出す場合について説明したが、円筒状のパリソンを切断しつつ押し出すことで樹脂シートを得るようにしてもよい。
上述したサンドイッチパネルの成形方法では、一対の分割金型71A,71Bを閉位置に移動させる前に、樹脂シートPと一対の分割金型71A,71Bの形成面72A,72Bとの間にキャビティを形成する場合について説明したが、これに限られない。一対の分割金型71A,71Bを閉位置に移動させることでキャビティを形成するようにしてもよい。
上述したサンドイッチパネルの成形方法では、樹脂シートPを一対の分割金型71A,71Bの形成面72A,72Bに押圧させるために、キャビティ内部の空気を吸引するようにした場合について説明したが、これに限られない。樹脂シートPに空気等の流体を吹き付けることによって樹脂シートPを一対の分割金型71A,71Bの形成面72A,72Bに押圧させるようにしてもよい(ブロー成形)。
上述したサンドイッチパネルの成形方法では、溶融状態の樹脂シートの外層を分割金型の形成面に押圧させる工程は、キャビティからの吸引による方法、又はブロー成形による方法を用いたが、これらの方法に限られない。キャビティを形成することなく、芯材15を用いて溶融状態の樹脂シートを分割金型のキャビティに押し付ける方法を適用してもよい。この方法について、図14及び図15を参照して説明する。
図14は、溶融状態の樹脂シートに対して芯材15を押し付ける前の状態を示す図である。図15は、溶融状態の樹脂シートに対して芯材15を分割金型の形成面に達するまで押し付けた後の状態を示す図である。
マニピュレータ120がさらに移動させられ、樹脂シートPの外層が分割金型71Bの形成面72Bに達すると、図15に示す状態となる。このとき、マニピュレータ120によって樹脂シートPの外層が芯材15を介して形成面72Bに押し付けられる。その後、芯材15からマニピュレータ120が取り外される。
すなわち、図13に示したように、一対の分割金型71A,71Bを開位置から閉位置まで移動させて、型締する。これにより、一方の樹脂シートP(図面右側)に対して溶着されていた芯材15が他方の樹脂シートP(図面左側)に対しても溶着される。そして、一対の樹脂シートが分割金型71A,71Bの形成面72A,72Bに押圧させられ、図11に示すように、形成面72A,72Bに沿った形状、すなわち、サンドイッチパネル1の略外形に形成される。さらに、一対の分割金型71A,71Bのピンチオフ部74A,74Bにおいて、一対の樹脂シートPの周縁が溶着させられ、パーティングラインPLが形成される。最後に、一対の分割金型71A,71Bを再び開位置に移動させ、成形したサンドイッチパネル1を形成面72A,72Bから離間させ、パーティングラインPLまわりに形成されたバリを、カッター等で切断して除去する。以上で、樹脂シートSA、芯材15、樹脂シートSBが積層されたサンドイッチパネル1が完成する。
SA,SB…樹脂シート
15…芯材(樹脂パネル)
15A…第1の構造体
15B…第2の構造体
150a,150b…突起
60…押出装置
70…型締装置
61A,61B…Tダイ
65A,65B…ローラ
71A,71B…分割金型
72A,72B…形成面
73A,73B…真空チャンバ
74A,74B…ピンチオフ部
75A,75B…摺動部
90…成形装置
P…樹脂シート
Claims (4)
- 第1の構造体と第2の構造体が積層された樹脂パネルの製造方法であって、
各構造体は、それぞれ前記樹脂パネルのおもて面及び裏面となる基準面を含み、
各構造体は、前記基準面から内方に向かって突出する複数の突起が対向して設けられ、かつ隣接する突起間に直線状の***部が形成されており、
第1の構造体と第2の構造体は、対向する突起の頂部同士が当接した状態で接合され、
各突起に対して前記直線状の***部が複数形成されており、当該複数の***部のうち少なくとも2つの***部は、相対する2方向に延びておらず、
前記製造方法は、
溶融樹脂を押し出して一対の金型の間に供給する工程と、
前記一対の金型を型締めし、前記溶融樹脂をブロー成形によって前記一対の金型の形成面に押し付けることで、前記第1の構造体と前記第2の構造体の形状に成形する工程と、
を含み、
各構造体は、前記溶融樹脂の押出方向において隣接する前記突起の中心間の、前記押出方向における距離をt1とし、前記溶融樹脂の押出方向と直交する方向において隣接する前記突起の中心間の、前記直交する方向における距離をt2としたときに、t1>t2を満たし、
前記突起は、断面が正六角形をなし、かつ当該正六角形の対向するいずれか2つの辺が前記溶融樹脂の押出方向と直交するように配列され、
前記一対の金型の形成面には、前記複数の突起に対応する形状が形成され、前記複数の***部に対応する形状が形成されていないことを特徴とする、
樹脂パネルの製造方法。 - 第1の構造体と第2の構造体が積層された樹脂パネルの製造方法であって、
各構造体は、それぞれ前記樹脂パネルのおもて面及び裏面となる基準面を含み、
各構造体は、前記基準面から内方に向かって突出する複数の突起が対向して設けられ、かつ隣接する突起間に直線状の***部が形成されており、
第1の構造体と第2の構造体は、対向する突起の頂部同士が当接した状態で接合され、
各突起に形成されている前記直線状の***部は、所定の方向に延びており、
前記製造方法は、
溶融樹脂を押し出して一対の金型の間に供給する工程と、
前記一対の金型を型締めし、前記溶融樹脂をブロー成形によって前記一対の金型の形成面に押し付けることで、前記第1の構造体と前記第2の構造体の形状に成形する工程と、
を含み、
各構造体は、前記溶融樹脂の押出方向において隣接する前記突起の中心間の、前記押出方向における距離をt1とし、前記溶融樹脂の押出方向と直交する方向において隣接する前記突起の中心間の、前記直交する方向における距離をt2としたときに、t1<t2を満たし、
前記突起は、断面が正六角形をなし、かつ当該正六角形の対向するいずれか2つの辺が前記溶融樹脂の押出方向と同じ方向を向くように配列され、
前記所定の方向は、前記溶融樹脂の押出方向であり、
前記一対の金型の形成面には、前記複数の突起に対応する形状が形成され、前記複数の***部に対応する形状が形成されていないことを特徴とする、
樹脂パネルの製造方法。 - 前記樹脂パネルは発泡体からなることを特徴とする、
請求項1または2に記載された樹脂パネルの製造方法。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載された樹脂パネルの製造方法によって得られた樹脂パネルを樹脂シートで挟み込んで形成する、
サンドイッチパネルの製造方法。
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