JP5845658B2 - Purification method and system for contaminated soil - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、汚染土壌の浄化方法及びシステムに関する。 The present invention relates to a contaminated soil purification method and system.
汚染土壌の浄化方法として、汚染土壌を洗浄槽内で化学洗浄することにより汚染物質を土から分離させた後、洗浄槽内に微細気泡を発生させ、この微細気泡に汚染物質を付着させることにより汚染物質を水面に浮遊させて回収する方法が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 As a method of remediating contaminated soil, after separating contaminated soil from the soil by chemically washing the contaminated soil in a washing tank, generating fine bubbles in the washing tank and attaching the contaminant to the fine bubbles A method is known in which a pollutant is suspended and collected on the water surface (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特許文献１に記載の方法では、汚染物質の粒径によっては、汚染物質の重量が微細気泡に作用する浮力との関係において過大になり、汚染物質を水面に浮遊させることができずに、汚染物質を回収できない場合がある。 In the method described in Patent Document 1, depending on the particle size of the pollutant, the weight of the pollutant becomes excessive in relation to the buoyancy acting on the fine bubbles, and the pollutant cannot be suspended on the water surface. Material may not be recovered.
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、汚染物質の粒径に関わらず、汚染土壌を浄化できる汚染土壌の浄化方法及びシステムを提供するものである。 This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and provides the purification method and system of contaminated soil which can purify contaminated soil irrespective of the particle size of a contaminant.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る汚染土壌の浄化方法は、疎水性を有する汚染物質を含む汚染土壌の浄化方法であって、前記汚染土壌を所定の粒径を境に分級し、前記汚染物質を土から分離させた後に、前記所定の粒径以上に分級された前記汚染土壌を、液体中に設置した網上に投入し、該液体の上下方向の脈動流を利用した湿式比重選別処理により、比重別に選別する比重選別工程と、前記所定の粒径未満に分級された前記汚染土壌を、界面活性剤を添加し気泡を発生させた液体中に投入し、疎水性物質を前記界面活性剤の作用で前記気泡に付着させて前記気泡と共に浮上させる浮遊選別処理により、疎水度別に選別する浮遊選別工程と、を実施する。 In order to solve the above problems, a method for purifying contaminated soil according to the present invention is a method for purifying contaminated soil containing a hydrophobic pollutant, and classifies the contaminated soil with a predetermined particle size as a boundary, After separating the contaminants from the soil, the contaminated soil classified to the predetermined particle size or more is put on a net installed in a liquid, and wet specific gravity using the vertical pulsating flow of the liquid A specific gravity sorting step for sorting by specific gravity by the sorting process, and the contaminated soil classified to be less than the predetermined particle diameter are put into a liquid in which a surfactant is added to generate bubbles, and the hydrophobic substance is added to the hydrophobic substance. A floating sorting step for sorting by hydrophobicity by a floating sorting process in which the surfactant is attached to the bubbles by the action of a surfactant and floats together with the bubbles.
前記汚染土壌の浄化方法において、前記比重選別工程の前に、前記所定の粒径以上に分級された前記汚染土をさらに分級する分級工程を実施し、前記比重選別工程において、前記分級工程で分級された各汚染土壌毎に前記比重選別処理を実施してもよい。 In the purification method of the contaminated soil, prior to the specific gravity sorting step, a classification step of further classifying the contaminated soil classified to the predetermined particle diameter or more is performed, and in the specific gravity sorting step, classification is performed in the classification step. The specific gravity sorting process may be performed for each contaminated soil.
前記汚染土壌の浄化方法において、前記汚染物質は、コールタールであってもよい。 In the method for purifying contaminated soil, the pollutant may be coal tar.
また、本発明に係る汚染土壌の浄化システムは、疎水性を有する汚染物質を含む汚染土壌の浄化システムであって、前記汚染土壌を所定の粒径を境に分級し、前記汚染物質を土から分離させる分級洗浄部と、前記所定の粒径以上に分級された前記汚染土壌を、液体中に設置された網上で、該液体の上下方向の脈動流を利用した湿式比重選別処理により、比重別に選別する比重選別機と、前記所定の粒径未満に分級された前記汚染土壌を、界面活性剤が添加され気泡が発生された液体中で、疎水性物質を前記界面活性剤の作用で前記気泡に付着させて前記気泡と共に浮上させる浮遊選別処理により、疎水度別に選別する浮遊選別機と、を備える。 The contaminated soil purification system according to the present invention is a contaminated soil purification system containing a hydrophobic contaminant, wherein the contaminated soil is classified with a predetermined particle size as a boundary, and the contaminant is separated from the soil. The classification washing section to be separated and the contaminated soil classified to the predetermined particle size or more are subjected to a specific gravity by a wet specific gravity sorting process using a pulsating flow in the vertical direction of the liquid on a net installed in the liquid. A specific gravity sorter for sorting separately, and the contaminated soil classified to less than the predetermined particle size in a liquid in which a surfactant is added and bubbles are generated, and a hydrophobic substance is removed by the action of the surfactant. A floating sorter that sorts by hydrophobicity by a floating sorting process that attaches to bubbles and floats along with the bubbles.
本発明によれば、汚染物質の粒径に関わらず、汚染土壌を浄化することができる。 According to the present invention, contaminated soil can be purified regardless of the particle size of the contaminant.
以下、本発明の一実施形態を、図面を参照しながら説明する。図１は、一実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化方法のフロー、及び汚染土壌の浄化システム１０を示す図である。本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化方法では、例えば、ガス製造跡地において、シアン汚染土１を浄化する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a flow of a contaminated soil purification method and a contaminated soil purification system 10 according to an embodiment. In the contaminated soil purification method according to the present embodiment, for example, cyan contaminated soil 1 is purified at a gas production site.
ここで、シアン汚染土１には、疎水性を有する汚染物質たるコールタールを含む有機分（以下、タールガラという）２が含まれており、このタールガラ２にシアン化物が含有されている。そこで、本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化方法では、タールガラ２をシアン汚染土１から除去することにより、シアン化物を除去して浄化土３を得る。 Here, the cyan contaminated soil 1 includes an organic component (hereinafter, referred to as “tar tara”) 2 containing coal tar, which is a hydrophobic pollutant, and the tar grat 2 contains cyanide. Therefore, in the method for purifying contaminated soil according to the present embodiment, the targara 2 is removed from the cyan contaminated soil 1 to remove cyanide to obtain the purified soil 3.
図１及び図２に示すように、汚染土壌の浄化システム１０は、定量供給機１２と、分級洗浄処理部２０と、分級機３０と、比重選別機４０と、浮遊選別機５０と、凝集分離部６０とを備えている。定量供給機１２は、ベルトコンベア式の定量供給フィーダであり、粒径が１００ｍｍ以下のシアン汚染土１を、分級洗浄処理部２０へ連続的に定量供給する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the contaminated soil purification system 10 includes a quantitative feeder 12, a classifying and cleaning unit 20, a classifier 30, a specific gravity sorter 40, a floating sorter 50, and a coagulation separation. Part 60. The fixed amount feeder 12 is a belt conveyor type fixed amount feeder, and continuously supplies the cyan contaminated soil 1 having a particle size of 100 mm or less to the classification cleaning processing unit 20.
分級洗浄処理部２０は、泥土洗浄機２２と、分級・篩い分け機２４と、分級機２６とを備えている。泥土洗浄機２２は、内部に送り羽根が設けられたドラムを備えており、このドラムにシアン汚染土１と水とが供給される。そして、泥土洗浄機２２は、ドラムを回転させてその中でシアン汚染土１を攪拌すると共に土の粒子の表面に磨砕作用を与える。これにより、シアン汚染土１は解きほぐされると共に、土の粒子の表面に付着しているタールガラ等の汚染物質が剥離（分離）され、後に分級・篩い分け機２４や分級機２６によって分級し易い状態となる。 The classification cleaning processing unit 20 includes a mud cleaning machine 22, a classification / sieving machine 24, and a classification machine 26. The mud washing machine 22 includes a drum having a feed blade provided therein, and the cyan contaminated soil 1 and water are supplied to the drum. Then, the mud washing machine 22 rotates the drum to stir the cyan contaminated soil 1 and gives a grinding action to the surface of the soil particles. As a result, the cyan-contaminated soil 1 is unraveled, and pollutants such as tar-gala adhering to the surface of the soil particles are peeled off (separated), and are easily classified by the classifier / sieving machine 24 and the classifier 26 later. It becomes a state.
分級・篩い分け機２４は、上段のスクリーン（網）及び下端のスクリーン（網）の網目の大きさがそれぞれ５ｍｍ、０．５ｍｍの二床式の振動スクリーンであり、泥土洗浄機２２で攪拌されたシアン汚染土１を、上下のスクリーンで移送しながら分級すると共に、シアン汚染土１の粒子に対して磨砕作用を与えて粒子の表面からコールタール等の汚染物質を剥離させる。この分級・篩い分け機２４では、粒径が５ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍの粒子が、上段のスクリーン上で移送され、粒径が５ｍｍ未満の粒子が上段のスクリーンで篩い落とされ、そして、粒径が０．５ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの粒子が下段のスクリーン上で移送され、粒径が０．５ｍｍ未満の粒子が下段のスクリーンで篩い落とされる。 The classifier / sieving machine 24 is a two-bed vibrating screen having mesh sizes of 5 mm and 0.5 mm respectively for the upper screen (net) and the lower screen (net), and is stirred by the mud washing machine 22. The cyan contaminated soil 1 is classified while being transferred by upper and lower screens, and the particles of the cyan contaminated soil 1 are subjected to a grinding action to separate contaminants such as coal tar from the surface of the particles. In the classifier / sieving machine 24, particles having a particle size of 5 mm to 100 mm are transferred on the upper screen, particles having a particle size of less than 5 mm are screened off by the upper screen, and the particle size is 0.1. Particles of 5 mm to 5 mm are transferred on the lower screen, and particles having a particle size of less than 0.5 mm are sieved off on the lower screen.
そして、粒径が５ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍの粒子は、上段のスクリーンによりベルトコンベア２３上に移送され、ベルトコンベア２３により堆積場に移送される。また、粒径が０．５ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの粒子は、下段のスクリーンによりベルトコンベア２５上に移送され、ベルトコンベア２５により分級機３０へ移送される。また、粒径が０．５ｍｍ未満の粒子は、分級機２６へ移送される。 The particles having a particle diameter of 5 mm to 100 mm are transferred onto the belt conveyor 23 by the upper screen, and transferred to the deposition site by the belt conveyor 23. Further, particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm to 5 mm are transferred onto the belt conveyor 25 by the lower screen, and transferred to the classifier 30 by the belt conveyor 25. Further, particles having a particle size of less than 0.5 mm are transferred to the classifier 26.
なお、泥土洗浄機２２で処理したシアン汚染土１を磨砕処理する磨砕処理機を設置して、この磨砕処理機で磨砕処理したシアン汚染土１を分級・篩い分け装置２４へ送ってもよい。この場合、磨砕処理機での磨砕処理によりタールガラの粒径を５ｍｍ以下に調整することにより、分級・篩い分け装置２４の上段のスクリーンによりベルトコンベア２３上に移送される粒径が５ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍの粒子に、タールガラが含まれないようにすることができ、以って、ベルトコンベア２３により移送されて堆積場に堆積する土を、タールガラを含まない浄化土にすることができる。 In addition, a grinding treatment machine for grinding the cyan contaminated soil 1 treated by the mud washing machine 22 is installed, and the cyan contaminated soil 1 ground by the grinding treatment machine is sent to the classification / sieving device 24. May be. In this case, by adjusting the particle size of the tar glass to 5 mm or less by grinding with a grinding machine, the particle size transferred on the belt conveyor 23 by the upper screen of the classification / sieving device 24 is 5 mm to 5 mm. The particles of 100 mm can be made free from tar galley, so that the soil transferred by the belt conveyor 23 and deposited in the deposition site can be purified soil containing no tar galley.
分級機２６は、網目の大きさが０．０７５ｍｍのスクリーン（網）で粒子を移送しながら分級する微粒分回収装置であり、０．５ｍｍ未満の粒子を移送しながら分級すると共に、この粒子に対して磨砕作用を与えて粒子の表面からコールタール等の汚染物質を剥離させる。この分級機２６では、粒径が０．０７５ｍｍ〜０．５ｍｍの粒子が、スクリーン上で移送され、粒径が０．０７５ｍｍ未満の粒子がスクリーンで篩い落とされる。そして、粒径が０．０７５ｍｍ〜０．５ｍｍの粒子は、浮遊選別機５０へ移送され、粒径が０．０７５ｍｍ未満の粒子は、不図示の所定の処理部を経て凝集分離部６０へ移送される。 The classifier 26 is a fine particle collection device that classifies particles while transferring the particles through a screen (net) having a mesh size of 0.075 mm. The particles are classified while transferring particles less than 0.5 mm. On the other hand, a grinding action is applied to separate contaminants such as coal tar from the surface of the particles. In the classifier 26, particles having a particle size of 0.075 mm to 0.5 mm are transferred on the screen, and particles having a particle size of less than 0.075 mm are screened off by the screen. The particles having a particle size of 0.075 mm to 0.5 mm are transferred to the floating sorter 50, and the particles having a particle size of less than 0.075 mm are transferred to the aggregating and separating unit 60 through a predetermined processing unit (not shown). Is done.
分級機３０は、網目の大きさが２．０ｍｍのスクリーン（網）の振動スクリーンであり、０．５ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの粒子を、スクリーンで移送しながら分級すると共に、土の粒子に対して磨砕作用を与えて土の粒子の表面からコールタール等の汚染物質を剥離させる。この分級機３０では、粒径が２．０ｍｍ〜５．０ｍｍの粒子が、スクリーン上で移送され、粒径が０．５ｍｍ〜２．０ｍｍの粒子がスクリーンで篩い落とされる。そして、２．０ｍｍ〜５．０ｍｍの粒子と、０．５ｍｍ〜２．０ｍｍの粒子とを別々に比重選別機４０にベルトコンベア３２により移送し、夫々を別々に比重選別機４０で処理する。 The classifier 30 is a vibrating screen of a screen having a mesh size of 2.0 mm, and classifies particles of 0.5 mm to 5 mm while being transferred by the screen and grinds them against soil particles. It acts to separate contaminants such as coal tar from the surface of the soil particles. In this classifier 30, particles having a particle size of 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm are transferred on the screen, and particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm are sieved off by the screen. And 2.0 mm-5.0 mm particle | grains and 0.5 mm-2.0 mm particle | grains are separately transferred to the specific gravity sorter 40 with the belt conveyor 32, and each is processed with the specific gravity sorter 40 separately.
図２に示すように、凝集分離部６０は、凝集沈降槽（シックナー槽）６２とスラリー槽６４と濾過脱水機（フィルタープレス）６６とを備えている。凝集沈降槽６２には、分級機２６で分級された０．０７５ｍｍ以下の粒子が分散した泥水が供給され、該粒子が、凝集沈降槽６２において凝集されて沈降する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the coagulation separation unit 60 includes a coagulation sedimentation tank (thickener tank) 62, a slurry tank 64, and a filter dehydrator (filter press) 66. The coagulating sedimentation tank 62 is supplied with muddy water in which particles of 0.075 mm or less classified by the classifier 26 are dispersed, and the particles are aggregated and settled in the coagulation sedimentation tank 62.
スラリー槽６４は、凝集沈降槽６２で凝集された粒子が分散したスラリーを貯留する。スラリー槽６４に貯留されるスラリーは、濾過脱水機６６へ供給される。この濾過脱水機６６は、スラリーを濾板と濾布とを重ねたものの中にポンプで圧入することにより強制的に濾過を行う圧濾器であり、凝集沈降槽６２で粒子が凝集された汚染土４と水とを分離する。そして、汚染土４は回収し、分離した水は放流、もしくは本処理システム１０内で循環させて再利用する。 The slurry tank 64 stores the slurry in which the particles aggregated in the aggregation sedimentation tank 62 are dispersed. The slurry stored in the slurry tank 64 is supplied to the filter dehydrator 66. The filter dehydrator 66 is a pressure filter that forcibly filters the slurry by press-fitting the slurry into a pile of a filter plate and a filter cloth, and contaminated soil in which particles are aggregated in the coagulation sedimentation tank 62. 4 and water are separated. Then, the contaminated soil 4 is recovered, and the separated water is discharged or recycled in the treatment system 10 for reuse.
図３は、比重選別機４０の概略構成を示す図である。この図に示すように、比重選別機４０は、水が貯留された処理槽４２を備えている。この処理槽４２内は、網４４により、下側の脈動室４６と、上側の選別室４８とに仕切られている。ここで、脈動室４６と選別室４８との隔壁が網４４であることから、脈動室４６と選別室４８との間では、水が網４４の開口を通して流通する。 FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the specific gravity sorter 40. As shown in this figure, the specific gravity sorter 40 includes a treatment tank 42 in which water is stored. The inside of the processing tank 42 is partitioned by a net 44 into a lower pulsation chamber 46 and an upper sorting chamber 48. Here, since the partition wall between the pulsation chamber 46 and the sorting chamber 48 is the mesh 44, water flows between the pulsating chamber 46 and the sorting chamber 48 through the opening of the mesh 44.
脈動室４６には、給排気口４７と、給排気口４７から空気が給排される空気室４９とが設けられている。空気室４９は、下側が開放された縦長の空間であり、この空気室４９には、脈動室４６の水が下側から流入可能である。 The pulsation chamber 46 is provided with an air supply / exhaust port 47 and an air chamber 49 through which air is supplied / exhausted from the air supply / exhaust port 47. The air chamber 49 is a vertically long space whose lower side is opened, and water in the pulsation chamber 46 can flow into the air chamber 49 from the lower side.
選別室４８には、被選別物質、即ち、２．０ｍｍ〜５．０ｍｍの粒子Ａ，Ｂ、又は、０．５ｍｍ〜２．０ｍｍの粒子Ａ，Ｂが投入される。粒子Ａは、土であり、粒子Ｂは、タールガラである。ここで、網４４の開口径は、０．５ｍｍ未満に設定されており、０．５ｍｍ以上の粒子Ａ，Ｂが網４４の上に溜まるようになっている。 The sorting chamber 48 is charged with a substance to be sorted, that is, particles A and B of 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm or particles A and B of 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm. Particle A is soil and particle B is targara. Here, the opening diameter of the mesh 44 is set to be less than 0.5 mm, and particles A and B of 0.5 mm or more are accumulated on the mesh 44.
図４から図６までは、比重選別処理の原理を説明するための図である。図４に示すように、給排気口４７から空気室４９に空気が供給されると、空気室４９内の水が押し下げられることにより脈動室４６及び選別室４８内の水が押し上げられる。また、図５に示すように、給排気口４７から空気室４９の空気が排出されると、空気室４９内に水が流入することにより脈動室４６及び選別室４８内の水が引き下げられる。 4 to 6 are diagrams for explaining the principle of specific gravity selection processing. As shown in FIG. 4, when air is supplied from the air supply / exhaust port 47 to the air chamber 49, the water in the air chamber 49 is pushed down to push up the water in the pulsation chamber 46 and the sorting chamber 48. As shown in FIG. 5, when the air in the air chamber 49 is discharged from the air supply / exhaust port 47, the water in the air chamber 49 flows into the pulsation chamber 46 and the sorting chamber 48.
図６に示すように、比重選別機４０では、空気室４９の給気及び排気を交互に繰返すことにより、選別室４８内の水位が昇降する脈動流を発生させて、被選別物質たる粒子Ａ，Ｂを振動させる。ここで、土の比重は一般に２．６〜２．７であるのに対し、本実施形態のタールガラの比重は２．０であり、土の比重よりも小さい。このため、選別室４８内に脈動流を発生させて粒子Ａ，Ｂを振動させると、土よりも比重が小さいタールガラの粒子Ｂが上の層に集まり、土の粒子Ａが下層に集まる。これにより、土の粒子Ａとタールガラの粒子Ｂとが選別される。そして、下層に集まった土の粒子Ａと上層に集まったタールガラの粒子Ｂとを別々に、比重選別機４０から取り出すことにより、土の粒子Ａとタールガラの粒子Ｂとを分けて回収する。 As shown in FIG. 6, in the specific gravity sorter 40, by alternately repeating the air supply and exhaust of the air chamber 49, a pulsating flow in which the water level in the sorting chamber 48 rises and lowers is generated, and the particles A as the material to be sorted are generated. , B are vibrated. Here, the specific gravity of the soil is generally 2.6 to 2.7, whereas the specific gravity of the tar-gara of the present embodiment is 2.0, which is smaller than the specific gravity of the soil. For this reason, when the pulsating flow is generated in the sorting chamber 48 to vibrate the particles A and B, the targal particles B having a specific gravity smaller than the soil gather in the upper layer, and the soil particles A gather in the lower layer. Thus, the soil particles A and the targal particles B are selected. The soil particles A collected in the lower layer and the targal particles B collected in the upper layer are separately taken out from the specific gravity sorter 40, whereby the soil particles A and the targal particles B are collected separately.
ここで、比重選別機４０では、複数種類の被選別物質を、これらの比重の差を利用して上層と下層とに分けることにより選別するが、比重が小さい粒子の粒径が、比重が大きい粒子の粒径に比して大き過ぎる場合には、これらの重量が均等になることにより、これらを上層と下層とに分けることができずに選別不能になることがある。 Here, in the specific gravity sorter 40, a plurality of types of substances to be sorted are sorted by dividing them into upper layers and lower layers using the difference in specific gravity. The particle size of particles having a small specific gravity is large in specific gravity. If it is too large compared to the particle size of the particles, these weights become uniform, so that they may not be separated into an upper layer and a lower layer and may not be sorted.
そこで、本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化システム１０では、比重選別機４０を用いて土の粒子Ａとタールガラの粒子Ｂとを比重選別する前に、分級機３０で、２．０〜５．０ｍｍの粒子Ａ，Ｂと０．５〜２．０ｍｍの粒子Ａ，Ｂとに分級し、これらを別々に比重選別機４０に投入して比重選別処理を行っている。これにより、被選別物質たる粒子Ａ，Ｂの粒径差を許容範囲内（例えば、最大粒径が最小粒径の４倍程度）に収めることができ、比重選別機４０により、粒子Ａ，Ｂを、これらの比重の差を利用して、上層と下層とに分けて選別することができる。 Therefore, in the contaminated soil purification system 10 according to the present embodiment, before the soil particles A and the targal particles B are subjected to specific gravity sorting using the specific gravity sorter 40, the classifier 30 performs 2.0 to 5. The particles are classified into 0 mm particles A and B and 0.5 to 2.0 mm particles A and B, and these are separately supplied to the specific gravity sorter 40 for specific gravity sorting. Thereby, the particle size difference between the particles A and B, which are the substances to be selected, can be within an allowable range (for example, the maximum particle size is about 4 times the minimum particle size). Can be sorted into upper and lower layers using the difference in specific gravity.
ところで、比重選別機４０において、脈動室４６と選別室４８との間で水を流通させるためには、網４４の開口が被選別物質たる粒子Ａ，Ｂにより塞がれていないことが条件となるが、粒子Ａ，Ｂの粒径が小さ過ぎる場合には、網４４上での粒子Ａ，Ｂの密度が高くなり過ぎることによって網４４の開口が粒子Ａ，Ｂにより塞がれてしまうことがある。 By the way, in the specific gravity sorter 40, in order to circulate water between the pulsation chamber 46 and the sorting chamber 48, the condition is that the opening of the mesh 44 is not blocked by the particles A and B as the materials to be sorted. However, if the particle size of the particles A and B is too small, the density of the particles A and B on the network 44 becomes too high, and the opening of the network 44 is blocked by the particles A and B. There is.
そこで、本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化システム１０では、０．５ｍｍ以上の粒子Ａ，Ｂを比重選別機４０に投入して比重選別処理を行い、０．５ｍｍ未満の粒子については、浮遊選別機５０に投入して浮遊選別処理を行っている。これにより、比重選別機４０において、網４４の開口が被選別物質により塞がれることによって脈動室４６と選別室４８との間での水の流通が阻害されることを防止でき、以って、粒子Ａ，Ｂの比重選別処理を良好に実施できる。 Thus, in the contaminated soil purification system 10 according to the present embodiment, particles A and B of 0.5 mm or more are put into the specific gravity sorter 40 to perform the specific gravity sorting process, and particles smaller than 0.5 mm are subjected to floating sorting. It is put into the machine 50 to perform the floating sorting process. As a result, in the specific gravity sorter 40, it is possible to prevent the flow of water between the pulsation chamber 46 and the sorting chamber 48 from being obstructed by the opening of the mesh 44 being blocked by the material to be sorted. The specific gravity sorting process for the particles A and B can be carried out satisfactorily.
図７は、浮遊選別機５０の概略構成を示す図である。この図に示すように、浮遊選別機５０は、水が充填された処理槽５２と、処理槽５２内に回転可能に設けられた攪拌羽根５４と、処理槽５２内の水中に気泡Ｃを発生させる気泡発生機構５６とを備えている。処理槽５２に充填された水には、タールガラの粒子Ｅを気泡Ｃに付着させるための界面活性剤（例えば、脱墨剤）が添加されている。 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the floating sorter 50. As shown in this figure, the floating sorter 50 generates a bubble C in the processing tank 52 filled with water, a stirring blade 54 rotatably provided in the processing tank 52, and water in the processing tank 52. And a bubble generating mechanism 56 to be operated. In the water filled in the treatment tank 52, a surfactant (for example, a deinking agent) for adhering the tar E particles E to the bubbles C is added.
処理槽５２の下部には、処理前の０．０７５ｍｍ〜０．５ｍｍの粒子を供給するための供給口５７と、処理後の０．０７５ｍｍ〜０．５ｍｍの粒子（即ち、浄化土）を排出するための排出口５８とが設けられている。また、攪拌羽根５４は、処理槽５２の中央下部に配されており、鉛直の回転軸周りに回転されて処理槽５２内の粒子や気泡Ｃを攪拌する。そして、気泡発生機構５６は、処理槽５２の底部に吐出口が配されたダクト５９を備えており、このダクト５９から処理槽５２の底部に空気を供給することにより、処理槽５２内の水中に気泡Ｃを発生させる。この気泡Ｃは浮力により処理槽５２の水面まで浮上する。 A supply port 57 for supplying particles of 0.075 mm to 0.5 mm before processing and particles of 0.075 mm to 0.5 mm after processing (that is, purified soil) are discharged to the lower part of the processing tank 52. A discharge port 58 is provided. Further, the stirring blade 54 is disposed at the lower center of the processing tank 52 and is rotated around a vertical rotation axis to stir particles and bubbles C in the processing tank 52. The bubble generating mechanism 56 includes a duct 59 having a discharge port disposed at the bottom of the processing tank 52. By supplying air from the duct 59 to the bottom of the processing tank 52, Bubbles C are generated. The bubbles C rise to the water surface of the processing tank 52 by buoyancy.
図８は、浮遊選別処理の原理を示す図である。この図に示すように、気泡Ｃの表面には親水性を有する膜Ｄが形成される。ここで、タールガラは土壌に比して疎水性（親油性）が高いため、タールガラの粒子Ｅの表面には界面活性剤Ｆの親油基Ｆ１が付着する。一方、気泡Ｃの膜Ｄには界面活性剤Ｆの親水基Ｆ２が付着する。このように、タールガラの粒子Ｅが界面活性剤Ｆを介して気泡Ｃの表面に付着する。そして、タールガラの粒子Ｅは、分級洗浄処理部２０で分級されることにより粒径が０．５ｍｍ未満であり重量が気泡Ｃの浮力に対して十分に小さいため、気泡Ｃの浮力により処理槽５２の水面まで浮上される。一方、土の粒子は、タールガラよりも疎水性（親油性）が低いことから気泡Ｃに付着しないため、浮上することなく処理槽５２の底に溜まる。 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the principle of the floating sorting process. As shown in this figure, a hydrophilic film D is formed on the surface of the bubble C. Here, since targara has higher hydrophobicity (lipophilicity) than soil, the lipophilic group F1 of the surfactant F adheres to the surface of the particles E of the targara. On the other hand, the hydrophilic group F2 of the surfactant F adheres to the film D of the bubble C. In this manner, the tar E particles E adhere to the surface of the bubble C through the surfactant F. Since the tar E particles E are classified by the classification and cleaning processing unit 20, the particle size is less than 0.5 mm and the weight is sufficiently small with respect to the buoyancy of the bubbles C. To the surface of the water. On the other hand, since the soil particles are less hydrophobic (lipophilic) than the tar gala and do not adhere to the bubbles C, they accumulate at the bottom of the treatment tank 52 without rising.
従って、処理槽５２の水面に浮いたタールガラを回収し、処理槽５２の底に溜まった土を排出口５８から排出して回収することにより、タールガラが除去された浄化土を得ることができる。 Therefore, by collecting tar galley floating on the water surface of the processing tank 52 and discharging and collecting the soil accumulated on the bottom of the processing tub 52 from the discharge port 58, it is possible to obtain purified soil from which tar galley has been removed.
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化方法及び浄化システム１０では、まず、汚染土壌を所定の粒径たる０．５ｍｍを境に分級し、かつ、汚染物質を土から分離させる分級洗浄工程を実施する。そして、所定の粒径たる０．５ｍｍ以上に分級された汚染土壌を、処理槽４２内の水中に設置された網４４上に投入し、水の上下方向の脈動流を利用した湿式比重選別処理により、比重別に選別する比重選別工程を実施する。一方、所定の粒径たる０．５ｍｍ未満に分級された汚染土壌を、界面活性剤を添加し気泡を発生させた処理槽５２内の水中に投入し、疎水性物質を界面活性剤の作用で気泡に付着させて気泡と共に浮上させる浮遊選別処理により、疎水度別に選別する浮遊選別工程を実施する。 As described above, in the contaminated soil purification method and the purification system 10 according to the present embodiment, first, the contaminated soil is classified with a predetermined particle size of 0.5 mm as a boundary, and the contaminant is separated from the soil. A classification cleaning process is performed. Then, the contaminated soil classified to a predetermined particle size of 0.5 mm or more is put on a net 44 installed in the water in the treatment tank 42, and a wet specific gravity sorting process using a vertical pulsating flow of water. Thus, a specific gravity sorting process for sorting by specific gravity is performed. On the other hand, the contaminated soil classified to a predetermined particle size of less than 0.5 mm is introduced into the water in the treatment tank 52 to which bubbles are generated by adding a surfactant, and the hydrophobic substance is removed by the action of the surfactant. A floating sorting process for sorting by hydrophobicity is performed by a floating sorting process in which the bubbles are attached to the bubbles and float with the bubbles.
即ち、本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化方法及び浄化システム１０では、気泡の浮力との関係で浮遊選別処理に不適な粒径の汚染土壌については、土とタールガラとの比重の差を利用した比重選別方法により処理し、網４４の開口径との関係で比重選別処理に不適な粒径の汚染土壌については、土とタールガラとの疎水性の差を利用した浮遊選別方法により処理する。従って、汚染土壌を、その粒径に関わらず処理することができる。 In other words, in the contaminated soil purification method and the purification system 10 according to the present embodiment, the difference in specific gravity between the soil and the targala is used for the contaminated soil having a particle size unsuitable for the floating sorting process in relation to the buoyancy of bubbles. Contaminated soil having a particle size that is unsuitable for the specific gravity sorting process in relation to the opening diameter of the net 44 is treated by the floating sorting method using the difference in hydrophobicity between the soil and targala. Therefore, the contaminated soil can be treated regardless of its particle size.
また、本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の浄化方法及び浄化システム１０では、分級洗浄処理工程と比重選別工程との間に、所定の粒径たる０．５ｍｍ以上に分級された汚染土壌を、さらに、２．０ｍｍを境に分級する分級工程を実施し、この分級工程で分級された各汚染土壌毎に比重選別処理を実施する。即ち、汚染土壌の粒径の差を比重選別処理における許容範囲内に収めた状態で、汚染土壌の比重選別処理を実施する。従って、汚染土壌の比重選別処理を良好に実施できる。 Moreover, in the contaminated soil purification method and the purification system 10 according to the present embodiment, the contaminated soil classified to a predetermined particle size of 0.5 mm or more is further interposed between the classification cleaning treatment step and the specific gravity selection step, A classification step of classifying at 2.0 mm as a boundary is carried out, and a specific gravity sorting process is carried out for each contaminated soil classified in this classification step. That is, the specific gravity sorting process of the contaminated soil is performed in a state where the difference in particle diameter of the contaminated soil is within the allowable range in the specific gravity sorting process. Therefore, the specific gravity sorting process for contaminated soil can be carried out satisfactorily.
なお、上述の実施形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするためのものであり、本発明を限定するものではない。本発明はその趣旨を逸脱することなく、変更、改良され得ると共に本発明にはその等価物が含まれることは勿論である。例えば、上述の実施形態では、疎水性を有する汚染物質としてシアン化物を含有するコールタールを例に挙げて本発明を説明したが、シアン化物を含有しないコールタールやコールタール以外の疎水性を有する汚染物質を含む汚染土壌にも本発明を適用できる。 In addition, the above-mentioned embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and does not limit this invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the present invention has been described by taking, as an example, coal tar containing cyanide as a contaminant having hydrophobicity, but has hydrophobicity other than coal tar and coal tar not containing cyanide. The present invention can also be applied to contaminated soil containing pollutants.
１ シアン汚染土、２ タールガラ、３ 浄化土、４ 汚染土、１０ 汚染土壌の浄化システム、１２ 定量供給機、２０ 分級洗浄処理部、２２ 泥土洗浄機、２３ ベルトコンベア、２４ 分級・篩い分け機、２５ ベルトコンベア、２６ 分級機、３０ 分級部、３２ 分級機、３４ ベルトコンベア、４０ 比重選別機、４２ 処理槽、４４ 網、４６ 脈動室、４７ 給排気口、４８ 選別室、４９ 空気室、５０ 浮遊選別機、５２ 処理槽、５４ 攪拌羽根、５６ 気泡発生機構、５７ 供給口、５８ 排出口、５９ ダクト、６０ 凝集分離部、６２ 凝集沈降槽、６４ スラリー槽、６６ 濾過脱水機 1 Cyan-contaminated soil, 2 Targara, 3 Cleaned soil, 4 Contaminated soil, 10 Contaminated soil purification system, 12 Fixed feeder, 20-class cleaning unit, 22 Mud-cleaning machine, 23 Belt conveyor, 24-classifying / sieving machine, 25 belt conveyor, 26 classifier, 30 classifier, 32 classifier, 34 belt conveyor, 40 specific gravity sorter, 42 treatment tank, 44 net, 46 pulsation chamber, 47 air supply / exhaust port, 48 sorting chamber, 49 air chamber, 50 Floating sorter, 52 treatment tank, 54 stirring blade, 56 bubble generation mechanism, 57 supply port, 58 discharge port, 59 duct, 60 coagulation separation unit, 62 coagulation sedimentation tank, 64 slurry tank, 66 filtration dehydrator
Claims (4)
前記汚染土壌を所定の粒径を境に分級し、前記汚染物質を土から分離させた後に、
前記所定の粒径以上に分級された前記汚染土壌を、液体中に設置した網上に投入し、該液体の上下方向の脈動流を利用した湿式比重選別処理により、比重別に選別する比重選別工程と、
前記所定の粒径未満に分級された前記汚染土壌を、界面活性剤を添加し気泡を発生させた液体中に投入し、疎水性物質を前記界面活性剤の作用で前記気泡に付着させて前記気泡と共に浮上させる浮遊選別処理により、疎水度別に選別する浮遊選別工程と、
を実施する汚染土壌の浄化方法。 A method for remediating contaminated soil containing hydrophobic pollutants,
After classifying the contaminated soil at a predetermined particle size and separating the contaminant from the soil,
Gravity sorting step of putting the contaminated soil classified above the predetermined particle size on a net installed in a liquid and sorting by specific gravity by a wet specific gravity sorting process using the pulsating flow in the vertical direction of the liquid When,
The contaminated soil classified to less than the predetermined particle size is put into a liquid in which a surfactant is added to generate bubbles, and a hydrophobic substance is attached to the bubbles by the action of the surfactant. Floating sorting process that sorts by hydrophobicity by floating sorting process that floats with bubbles,
To carry out the purification method of contaminated soil.
前記比重選別工程において、前記分級工程で分級された各汚染土壌毎に前記比重選別処理を実施する請求項１に記載の汚染土壌の浄化方法。 Prior to the specific gravity sorting step, carrying out a classification step of further classifying the contaminated soil classified above the predetermined particle size,
The method for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein, in the specific gravity sorting step, the specific gravity sorting process is performed for each contaminated soil classified in the classification step.
前記汚染土壌を所定の粒径を境に分級し、前記汚染物質を土から分離させる分級洗浄部と、
前記所定の粒径以上に分級された前記汚染土壌を、液体中に設置された網上で、該液体の上下方向の脈動流を利用した湿式比重選別処理により、比重別に選別する比重選別機と、
前記所定の粒径未満に分級された前記汚染土壌を、界面活性剤が添加され気泡が発生された液体中で、疎水性物質を前記界面活性剤の作用で前記気泡に付着させて前記気泡と共に浮上させる浮遊選別処理により、疎水度別に選別する浮遊選別機と、
を備える汚染土壌の浄化システム。 A purification system for contaminated soil containing hydrophobic pollutants,
Classifying the contaminated soil with a predetermined particle size as a boundary, and a classifying cleaning unit for separating the contaminant from the soil,
A specific gravity sorter that sorts the contaminated soil classified into the predetermined particle size or more according to specific gravity by a wet specific gravity sorting process using a pulsating flow in the vertical direction of the liquid on a net installed in the liquid; ,
The contaminated soil classified to less than the predetermined particle size is adhered to the bubbles by the action of the surfactant in a liquid in which bubbles are generated by adding a surfactant, together with the bubbles. Floating sorter that sorts by hydrophobicity by floating sorting process that floats,
Contaminated soil purification system comprising.
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| US4783263A (en) * | 1986-06-17 | 1988-11-08 | Trost Paul B | Detoxification process |
| WO1989007014A1 (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1989-08-10 | Biotrol, Inc. | Process for treating contaminated soil |
| DE3833054C2 (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1995-04-20 | Hoelter Heinz | Process for the treatment of pond sludge (flotation outlets) and treatment plant |
| JP2003039060A (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-12 | Kyoboshi Co Ltd | Soil remediation method |
| JP3711471B1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2005-11-02 | 株式会社イーエムエス | Sorter using flowing water class and settling velocity |
| JP2009202089A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-10 | Shimizu Corp | Reclamation treatment method and reclamation treatment system of earth and sand-waste mixture |
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