JP2005081247A - Apparatus for cleaning contaminated soil - Google Patents

Apparatus for cleaning contaminated soil Download PDF

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JP2005081247A
JP2005081247A JP2003316224A JP2003316224A JP2005081247A JP 2005081247 A JP2005081247 A JP 2005081247A JP 2003316224 A JP2003316224 A JP 2003316224A JP 2003316224 A JP2003316224 A JP 2003316224A JP 2005081247 A JP2005081247 A JP 2005081247A
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soil
contaminated soil
cleaning
slurry
water
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Toru Eito
徹 栄藤
Seiichi Terakura
誠一 寺倉
Isao Ishida
勲 石田
Hideo Suzuki
英夫 鈴木
Masakazu Onizuka
雅和 鬼塚
Kenji Iwasaki
謙二 岩崎
Kiwamu Arikawa
究 有川
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for cleaning contaminated soil in which the treatment efficiency is improved and the apparatus is simplified by continuously treating the contaminated soil. <P>SOLUTION: The cleaned soil is obtained by removing gravel having about ≥5 mm particle diameter in the contaminated soil with a vibration screen 13, settling and separating a soil coarse particle having about ≥ 2 mm particle diameter and overflowing soil fine particle having a particle diameter smaller than that of the soil coarse particle while stirring the contaminated soil made slurry-like in a 1st slurry vessel 14, stirring and cleaning and ultrasonic-cleaning the soil fine particle, ultrasonic cleaning the slurry like soil fine particle while circulating in a finish cleaning pipe 17 to strip off the contaminant stuck on the surface of the soil fine particle, classifying the soil fine particle after being finish-cleaned with cyclone type classifiers 18 and 19 to take out the soil having about ≥30 μm particle diameter and dehydrating the soil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、油、PCB、ダイオキシン、重金属などの有害物質により汚染された土壌を浄化する汚染土壌の浄化装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a contaminated soil purification apparatus for purifying soil contaminated with harmful substances such as oil, PCB, dioxin, and heavy metals.

近年では、生活排水、工場、事業所等からの排液などの漏洩による土壌汚染、また、工場跡地等の土壌汚染により本来自然に分解不可能な化学物質で汚染された土壌、地下水が増加し、その結果、生態系や社会生活基盤としての土壌環境に深刻な影響を与えている。そのため、このような汚染された土壌からPCB、ダイオキシン、水銀や鉛等の重金属などを浄化処理する技術として、例えば、下記特許文献1〜3に記載された技術がある。   In recent years, there has been an increase in soil and groundwater contaminated with chemical substances that cannot be naturally decomposed due to soil contamination due to leakage of domestic wastewater, effluent from factories, offices, etc., and soil contamination of factory ruins. As a result, it has a serious impact on the soil environment as an ecosystem and social infrastructure. Therefore, as a technique for purifying PCB, dioxin, heavy metals such as mercury and lead, etc. from such contaminated soil, there are techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example.

この特許文献1に記載された「汚染土壌の洗浄方法」は、汚染土壌をスラリー化して移動させながら超音波波動を印加した後、界面活性剤と酸またはアルカリからなる洗浄液で洗浄するものである。また、特許文献2に記載された「重金属を含む汚染土壌の洗浄方法」は、汚染土壌と水酸化ナトリウムとをラインミキサーで混合してアルカリ領域に調整し、超音波発生装置を通過させてから流体サイクロンで土壌粒子に付着している重金属微粒子を剥離、分離して清浄土壌とするものである。また、特許文献3に記載された「難分解性有機物の分解方法」は、処理対象物に希釈水を供給して濃度調整し、処理対象物のスラリーに超音波を照射して難分解性有機物を分解するものである。   The “cleaning method for contaminated soil” described in Patent Document 1 applies washing with a cleaning liquid composed of a surfactant and an acid or alkali after applying ultrasonic waves while slurrying and moving the contaminated soil. . In addition, the “cleaning method for contaminated soil containing heavy metals” described in Patent Document 2 is a method in which contaminated soil and sodium hydroxide are mixed with a line mixer, adjusted to an alkaline region, and passed through an ultrasonic generator. The heavy metal fine particles adhering to the soil particles are separated and separated by a fluid cyclone to obtain clean soil. In addition, the “degradation method of hardly decomposable organic substances” described in Patent Document 3 adjusts the concentration by supplying dilution water to the object to be treated, and irradiates the slurry of the object to be treated with ultrasonic waves so Is to be decomposed.

特開2002−086128公報JP 2002-086128 A 特開2000−325936公報JP 2000-325936 A 特開2001−300528公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-300528

上述した特許文献1の洗浄方法にあっては、界面活性剤や酸またはアルカリ洗浄液を使用するため、洗浄土壌や強酸性または強アルカリ性となり、中和剤等を使用して土壌を処理する必要があり、作業が面倒なものとなってしまう。また、特許文献2、3の洗浄方法にあっては、所定量の汚染土壌を順次搬送して各種の処理を行う、所謂、バッチ式であるため、作業が面倒になるばかりでなく処理効率が悪く、大量の汚染土壌を連続して処理することができないという問題がある。   In the cleaning method of Patent Document 1 described above, a surfactant, an acid or an alkali cleaning solution is used, so that it becomes a cleaning soil, a strong acidity or a strong alkalinity, and it is necessary to treat the soil using a neutralizing agent or the like. Yes, the work becomes troublesome. In addition, the cleaning methods of Patent Documents 2 and 3 are so-called batch methods in which a predetermined amount of contaminated soil is sequentially conveyed to perform various treatments. Unfortunately, there is a problem that a large amount of contaminated soil cannot be treated continuously.

本発明はこのような問題を解決するものであって、汚染土壌を連続して処理することで処理効率の向上を図ると共に装置の簡素化を図った汚染土壌の浄化装置を提供することを目的とする。   This invention solves such a problem, and aims at providing the purification apparatus of the contaminated soil which aimed at the improvement of processing efficiency by aiming at the simplification of an apparatus while processing a contaminated soil continuously. And

上述の目的を達成するための請求項1の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置は、汚染土壌から所定粒径以上の異物を除去する異物除去手段と、該異物除去手段により異物が除去された汚染土壌に水を供給して攪拌すると共に超音波洗浄を行う粗洗浄手段と、該粗洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌を流通しながら超音波洗浄を行う仕上洗浄手段と、該仕上洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌を分級して所定粒径以上の土壌を取り出す分級手段と、該分級手段により分級された土壌から水分を除去する固液分離手段とを具えたことを特徴とするものである。   The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil of the invention of claim 1 for achieving the above object comprises a foreign matter removing means for removing foreign matters having a predetermined particle diameter or more from the contaminated soil, and a contaminated soil from which foreign matters have been removed by the foreign matter removing means. A coarse cleaning means for supplying water to the agitator and performing ultrasonic cleaning, a finish cleaning means for performing ultrasonic cleaning while circulating the slurry-like soil cleaned by the coarse cleaning means, and the finish cleaning means A classifying means for classifying washed slurry-like soil to take out soil having a predetermined particle diameter or more, and a solid-liquid separation means for removing water from the soil classified by the classifying means It is.

請求項2の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置では、前記異物除去手段は、汚染土壌から約5mm粒径以上の砂利を分離除去する篩手段と、汚染土壌に水を供給したスラリーを攪拌して約2mm粒径以上の土壌粒子を沈降分離する分離槽とを有することを特徴としている。   In the apparatus for purifying contaminated soil of the invention of claim 2, the foreign matter removing means stirs the slurry means that separates and removes gravel having a particle diameter of about 5 mm or more from the contaminated soil, and the slurry that supplies water to the contaminated soil. It has a separation tank that settles and separates soil particles having a particle diameter of 2 mm or more.

請求項3の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置では、少なくとも前記粗洗浄手段または前記仕上洗浄手段のいずれか一方に、異なる周波数の超音波を発信する複数の超音波発信器が設けられたことを特徴としている。   The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters for transmitting ultrasonic waves of different frequencies are provided in at least one of the rough cleaning means and the finish cleaning means. It is said.

請求項4の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置では、前記仕上洗浄手段は、スラリー状の土壌が流通する洗浄管と、該洗浄管の土壌流通方向に沿って配設された複数の超音波発信器とを有することを特徴としている。   In the contaminated soil purification apparatus according to the invention of claim 4, the finish cleaning means includes a cleaning pipe through which the slurry-like soil circulates and a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters arranged along the soil flow direction of the cleaning pipe. It is characterized by having.

請求項5の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置では、前記分級手段は、前記仕上洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌に対して、約30μm粒径以上の土壌を取り出して洗浄済土壌とすることを特徴としている。   In the apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 5, the classifying means takes out soil having a particle size of about 30 μm or more from the slurry-like soil washed by the finish washing means to make washed soil. It is characterized by.

請求項6の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置では、前記固液分離手段により分離された水分を前記粗洗浄手段に戻す再循環経路が設けられたことを特徴としている。   The contaminated soil purification apparatus of the invention of claim 6 is characterized in that a recirculation path is provided for returning the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means to the rough washing means.

請求項7の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置では、前記固液分離手段により分離された水分から有害な溶解性物質を除去する排水処理手段が設けられたことを特徴としている。   According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil, wherein waste water treatment means for removing harmful soluble substances from water separated by the solid-liquid separation means is provided.

請求項8の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置では、前記固液分離手段により分離された水分から溶解した塩を除去する脱塩処理手段が設けられたことを特徴としている。   The polluted soil purification apparatus according to the invention of claim 8 is characterized in that a desalting treatment means for removing the dissolved salt from the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means is provided.

請求項1の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、汚染土壌から所定粒径以上の異物を除去する異物除去手段と、異物除去手段により異物が除去された汚染土壌に水を供給して攪拌すると共に超音波洗浄を行う粗洗浄手段と、粗洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌を流通しながら超音波洗浄を行う仕上洗浄手段と、仕上洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌を分級して所定粒径以上の土壌を取り出す分級手段と、分級手段により分級された土壌から水分を除去する固液分離手段とを設けたので、汚染土壌の洗浄作業を連続して行うことで処理効率を向上することができると共に、所定粒径の領域にある土壌の粒子だけを洗浄して浄化土壌として取り出すことで、土壌浄化精度を向上することができ、また、装置を簡素化することができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the foreign matter removing means for removing foreign matters having a predetermined particle diameter or more from the contaminated soil, and the contaminated soil from which foreign matters have been removed by the foreign matter removing means are supplied with water and stirred. In addition, the coarse cleaning means for performing ultrasonic cleaning, the finish cleaning means for performing ultrasonic cleaning while circulating the slurry-like soil cleaned by the coarse cleaning means, and the slurry soil cleaned by the finish cleaning means are classified. Since there is a classification means for taking out the soil of a predetermined particle size or more and a solid-liquid separation means for removing moisture from the soil classified by the classification means, the processing efficiency can be improved by continuously performing the cleaning work of the contaminated soil. The soil purification accuracy can be improved by cleaning only the soil particles in the area of the predetermined particle size and taking out as purified soil, and the device can be simplified It can be.

請求項2の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、異物除去手段を、汚染土壌から約5mm粒径以上の砂利を分離除去する篩手段と、汚染土壌に水を供給したスラリーを攪拌して約2mm粒径以上の土壌粒子を沈降分離する分離槽とで構成したので、まず、篩手段により汚染土壌から砂利を除去し、次に、スラリー状とした汚染土壌から粗粒子を分離し、分離槽からオーバーフローした汚染土壌の微粒子を超音波洗浄することとなり、汚染物が付着、含有した微粒子を容易に分離することができ、汚染土壌を効率的に浄化することができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the second aspect of the invention, the foreign matter removing means is prepared by stirring the sieve means for separating and removing gravel having a particle diameter of about 5 mm or more from the contaminated soil, and the slurry for supplying water to the contaminated soil. Since it consists of a separation tank that settles and separates soil particles with a particle size of about 2 mm or more, first, gravel is removed from the contaminated soil using a sieving means, and then coarse particles are separated from the contaminated soil in a slurry state and separated. The contaminated soil particles overflowed from the tank are ultrasonically cleaned, and the adhered and contained particulates can be easily separated, and the contaminated soil can be purified efficiently.

請求項3の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、少なくとも粗洗浄手段または仕上洗浄手段のいずれか一方に、異なる周波数の超音波を発信する複数の超音波発信器を設けたので、異なる粒径の土壌粒子に対して洗浄効果を発揮させることができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification device of the invention of claim 3, since at least one of the coarse cleaning means and the finish cleaning means is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters for transmitting ultrasonic waves of different frequencies, different grains A cleaning effect can be exerted on soil particles having a diameter.

請求項4の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、仕上洗浄手段として、スラリー状の土壌が流通する洗浄管と、洗浄管の土壌流通方向に沿って配設された複数の超音波発信器を設けたので、洗浄管を流通する土壌粒子に対して超音波を適正に照射することができ、汚染土壌を確実に浄化することができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the fourth aspect of the present invention, as the finishing cleaning means, a cleaning pipe through which the slurry-like soil circulates, and a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters arranged along the soil distribution direction of the cleaning pipe Therefore, ultrasonic waves can be appropriately applied to the soil particles flowing through the washing tube, and the contaminated soil can be purified reliably.

請求項5の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、分級手段は、仕上洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌に対して、約30μm粒径以上の土壌を取り出して洗浄済土壌とするので、約30μm粒径より小さい粒径の土壌粒子には、剥離された有害物質やこの有害物質が混入している粘土状小粒径の土壌粒子を含んでおり、これらを分離することで適正に浄化された土壌のみを浄化土壌として取り出すことができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the fifth aspect of the invention, the classifying means takes out the soil having a particle size of about 30 μm or more from the slurry-like soil washed by the finish washing means, and uses it as washed soil. In addition, soil particles with a particle size smaller than about 30 μm particle size include exfoliated harmful substances and soil particles with clay-like small particle sizes mixed with these harmful substances. Only the purified soil can be taken out as purified soil.

請求項6の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、固液分離手段により分離された水分を粗洗浄手段に戻す再循環経路を設けたので、土壌をスリラー状とする水分を再利用することで、原料コストを低減することができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the invention of claim 6, since the recirculation path for returning the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means to the rough washing means is provided, the water that makes the soil thriller is reused. Thus, the raw material cost can be reduced.

請求項7の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、固液分離手段により分離された水分から有害な溶解性物質を除去する排水処理手段を設けたので、分級して分離した有害物質と共に溶解した有害物質も除去することができ、水分が再利用可能となって原料コストを低減することができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the waste water treatment means for removing harmful soluble substances from the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means is provided, it is dissolved together with the classified harmful substances. The harmful substances that have been removed can also be removed, and the moisture can be reused to reduce the raw material cost.

請求項8の発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置によれば、固液分離手段により分離された水分から溶解した塩を除去する脱塩処理手段を設けたので、塩分が含まれる土壌も確実に浄化することができると共に、水分から塩分を除去することで水分が再利用可能となり、原料コストを低減することができると共に、塩害による設備トラブルを防止することができる。   According to the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the desalting means for removing the dissolved salt from the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means is provided, the soil containing the salt is also reliably purified. In addition, by removing the salt from the water, the water can be reused, the raw material cost can be reduced, and equipment troubles due to salt damage can be prevented.

本発明の汚染土壌の浄化装置を実施するための最良の形態は、汚染土壌に水を供給し、まず、汚染土壌から所定粒径以上の土壌粗粒子を分離除去し、次に、土壌微粒子をスラリー状として攪拌しながら超音波粗洗浄を行い、続いて、この粗洗浄した土壌を流通しながら超音波仕上洗浄を行い、最後に、仕上洗浄後の土壌微粒子を分級して所定粒径以上の土壌粒子を取り出して水分を除去することで、これを浄化土壌とするものであり、以下に、本発明の実施例を図面を用いて詳細に説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the present invention is to supply water to the contaminated soil, first to separate and remove coarse soil particles having a predetermined particle size or more from the contaminated soil, and then to remove soil fine particles. Ultrasonic coarse cleaning is performed while stirring as a slurry, followed by ultrasonic finishing washing while circulating the coarsely washed soil. Finally, the fine soil particles after the final washing are classified to have a predetermined particle size or more. By taking out the soil particles and removing the water, this is used as purified soil. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図1に本発明の一実施例に係る汚染土壌の浄化装置の概略構成、図2に本実施例の汚染土壌の浄化装置における浄化槽の変形例の概略、図3に汚染土壌に対する超音波の影響を表すグラフ、図4に本実施例の汚染土壌の浄化装置による土壌処理結果を表すグラフを示す。   FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration of a contaminated soil purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an outline of a modification of a septic tank in the contaminated soil purification apparatus of this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an influence of ultrasonic waves on the contaminated soil. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of soil treatment by the contaminated soil purification apparatus of this example.

本実施例で処理する汚染土壌は、ダイオキシン(DXN)、飛灰(フライアッシュ)、重金属、あるいは油、PCBなどの有害物質が含まれた土壌である。この土壌としては、工場跡地等の一般土壌に加えて、海、湾、運河等から浚渫された、一般に底質や泥土と呼ばれる土壌などを対象としている。そして、これらの土壌には、数ミクロンの粒径を有する粘土粒子から数センチレベルの粒径を有する砂利、また、草木などの異物を含んでいる。発明者は、このような複数種類の粒径の土壌粒子からなる汚染土壌に対して、超音波を照射することで土壌粒子の表面に付着している汚染物質を剥離することが可能であること、また、所定粒径以下の土壌粒子に多くの汚染物質が付着、混入していることを解明した。   The contaminated soil to be treated in this example is soil containing dioxins (DXN), fly ash (fly ash), heavy metals, or harmful substances such as oil and PCB. As this soil, in addition to general soil such as factory ruins, soil that is dredged from the sea, bay, canal, etc., generally called sediment or mud soil is targeted. These soils contain clay particles having a particle size of several microns to gravel having a particle size of several centimeters, and foreign substances such as vegetation. The inventor is capable of peeling off contaminants adhering to the surface of the soil particles by irradiating ultrasonic waves to the contaminated soil composed of soil particles having a plurality of types of particle sizes. In addition, it has been clarified that many pollutants are attached and mixed in soil particles having a predetermined particle size or less.

図3のグラフは、汚染土壌に対する超音波の影響を示したものであり、汚染土壌の粒径に対する重量割合を表している。この図3のグラフからわかるように、超音波洗浄を実施していない汚染土壌では、粒径が100μm程度の土壌粒子の割合が高くなっており、超音波洗浄を実施する時間が長い汚染土壌ほど、重量割合の高い土壌の粒径が小さくなる方向に移行すると共に、0.1μm〜1.0μmの領域の粒径の土壌の割合が高くなってきている。これは、大きな粒径の土壌粒子の表面から超音波洗浄により汚染物質が付着、含有した微粒子が剥離し、この剥離した微小粒径の土壌が増加していることを意味している。   The graph of FIG. 3 shows the influence of ultrasonic waves on the contaminated soil, and represents the weight ratio with respect to the particle diameter of the contaminated soil. As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 3, in the contaminated soil that has not been subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, the proportion of soil particles having a particle size of about 100 μm is high, and the longer the ultrasonic cleaning is performed, the more contaminated soil is. As the particle size of soil having a high weight ratio shifts to a smaller direction, the proportion of soil having a particle size in the range of 0.1 μm to 1.0 μm is increasing. This means that contaminants adhere to the surface of the soil particles having a large particle size by ultrasonic cleaning, the contained fine particles are peeled off, and the fine soil particles with the separated fine particles are increasing.

また、下記表1は、汚染土壌を篩分けした所定の粒径領域ごとの汚染状況を表したものである。この表1からわかるように、粒径が2mm以下の分級された汚染土壌の原土を100重量%とし、1mm水篩上、430μ水篩上、180μ水篩上、75μ水篩上、32μ水篩上までの粒径を有する汚染土壌の汚染濃度は、土壌におけるダイオキシンの汚染基準値である1000pgTEQ/gdry以下であるが、それより小さい粒径を有する汚染土壌は、この汚染基準値を超えるダイオキシンを含んでいる。また、重金属(鉛)の汚染濃度は、汚染土壌における全ての粒径で、基準値である600mg/kgdry以下であるが、32μm水篩上から漏れたそれより小さい粒径を有する汚染土壌は、より高い重金属の含有濃度となっている。   Table 1 below shows the contamination status for each predetermined particle size region obtained by sieving the contaminated soil. As can be seen from Table 1, the classified soil soil with a particle size of 2 mm or less is 100% by weight, 1 mm water sieve, 430 μ water sieve, 180 μ water sieve, 75 μ water sieve, 32 μ water. The contamination concentration of contaminated soil having a particle size up to the sieve is less than 1000 pgTEQ / gdry which is the contamination standard value of dioxin in the soil, but contaminated soil having a particle size smaller than that is dioxin exceeding this contamination standard value. Is included. The contamination concentration of heavy metal (lead) is 600 mg / kgdry or less, which is the standard value for all particle sizes in the contaminated soil, but the contaminated soil having a particle size smaller than that leaked from the 32 μm water sieve is The concentration of heavy metals is higher.

Figure 2005081247
Figure 2005081247

このような発明者による解析に基づいて、本発明は、汚染土壌を連続的に処理する過程で、この汚染土壌から砂利や草木などの異物と共に粗粒径の土壌粒子を除去し、微粒径の土壌粒子のスラリーとし、攪拌しながら超音波洗浄を行うことで土壌粒子の表面に付着している汚染物質の微粒子を剥離し、この洗浄後の土壌から分離した所定粒径以上の土壌粒子を浄化土壌とするものである。以下に、本発明を実施するための実施例について、詳細に説明する。   Based on the analysis by the inventor, the present invention removes soil particles having a coarse particle size together with foreign matters such as gravel and vegetation from the contaminated soil in the process of continuously treating the contaminated soil, The soil particles are separated from the soil after the washing by ultrasonic cleaning while stirring, and the soil particles having a predetermined particle size or more separated from the washed soil are removed. It is intended as purified soil. Hereinafter, examples for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.

本実施例の汚染土壌の浄化装置は、図1に示すように、汚染土壌を搬送する搬送手段としてのベルトコンベヤ11と、汚染土壌に対して水を供給する水供給手段としての送水管12と、汚染土壌から所定粒径(例えば、約5mm)以上の異物を除去する異物除去手段(篩手段)としての振動スクリーン13と、汚染土壌に水が供給されたスラリーを貯留して攪拌して所定粒径(例えば、約2mm)以上の土壌粒子(粗粒子)を沈降分離すると共に所定粒径より小さい土壌粒子(微粒子)をオーバーフローさせる異物除去手段(分離槽)としての第1スラリー槽14と、オーバーフローした土壌微粒子から草木などを分離除去するスクリーン15と、スラリーを貯留して攪拌しながら超音波洗浄する粗洗浄手段(洗浄槽)としての第2スラリー槽16と、粗洗浄されたスラリーを流通しながら超音波洗浄を行う仕上洗浄手段としての仕上洗浄管17と、仕上洗浄されたスラリーを分級して所定粒径(例えば、約30μm)以上の土壌を取り出す分級手段としてのサイクロン式分級機18,19と、分級されたスラリーから水分を除去する固液分離手段としてのデカンタ式遠心分離機20,21とから構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the present embodiment includes a belt conveyor 11 as a conveying means for conveying the contaminated soil, and a water pipe 12 as a water supply means for supplying water to the contaminated soil. The vibrating screen 13 as a foreign matter removing means (sieving means) for removing foreign matters having a predetermined particle diameter (for example, about 5 mm) or more from the contaminated soil and the slurry in which water is supplied to the contaminated soil are stored and agitated. A first slurry tank 14 as a foreign matter removing means (separation tank) that settles and separates soil particles (coarse particles) having a particle size (for example, about 2 mm) or more and overflows soil particles (fine particles) smaller than a predetermined particle size; A screen 15 for separating and removing vegetation and the like from the overflowed soil fine particles, and a second slurry tank 16 as a coarse cleaning means (cleaning tank) for storing and stirring the slurry and ultrasonically stirring And a finish washing tube 17 as a finish washing means that performs ultrasonic washing while circulating the roughly washed slurry, and classifying the finish washed slurry to take out soil having a predetermined particle size (for example, about 30 μm) or more. Cyclone classifiers 18 and 19 as classifying means, and decanter centrifuges 20 and 21 as solid-liquid separation means for removing moisture from the classified slurry.

ベルトコンベヤ11は、汚染土壌を所定の速度で搬送して振動スクリーン13に供給するものであり、送水管12からは搬送された汚染土壌の搬送量に応じた水を振動スクリーン13に供給することができる。振動スクリーン13は、汚染土壌から砂利などの粒径が約5mm以上の異物を除去するものであり、水洗した後に図示しない排出コンベアを介して外部に排出することができる。なお、この振動スクリーン13で除去する異物を約5mm以上のものとしたが、汚染土壌の種類に応じて分級する異物の粒径は適宜設定されるものであり、5mm〜10mmの範囲で適正なものを選択すればよい。   The belt conveyor 11 conveys contaminated soil at a predetermined speed and supplies it to the vibrating screen 13. The belt conveyor 11 supplies water to the vibrating screen 13 from the water pipe 12 in accordance with the amount of conveyed contaminated soil. Can do. The vibrating screen 13 removes foreign matter having a particle diameter of about 5 mm or more such as gravel from the contaminated soil, and can be discharged outside through a discharge conveyor (not shown) after being washed with water. In addition, although the foreign material removed with this vibrating screen 13 was about 5 mm or more, the particle size of the foreign material classified according to the kind of contaminated soil is set suitably, and is appropriate in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm. Just choose one.

第1スラリー槽14は、槽本体31内に駆動モータ32により所定の速度で回転可能な攪拌翼33が設けられており、上部に投入口34が形成される一方、下部に排出口35が形成されている。従って、投入口34から槽本体31に投入された汚染土壌と水とを攪拌翼33により混合攪拌することで、スラリーを形成すると共に土壌粒子を水洗浄し、比較的粒径の大きな土壌粗粒子(例えば、約2mm)を沈降分離して排出口35から外部に排出する一方、比較的粒径の小さな土壌微粒子を浮遊させてオーバーフローにより次工程に送ることができる。スクリーン15は、第1スラリー槽14からオーバーフローした土壌微粒子に含まれる草木(例えば、約2mm)などの異物を分離除去するものである。なお、異物除去手段として振動スクリーン13、第1スラリー槽14、スクリーン15を適用したが、これに限らず、例えば、円筒形状を金網を回転可能に支持したトロンメルなど、他の分級装置を用いても良いものである。   The first slurry tank 14 is provided with a stirring blade 33 that can be rotated at a predetermined speed by a drive motor 32 in a tank body 31, and a charging port 34 is formed in the upper part, while a discharging port 35 is formed in the lower part. Has been. Therefore, by mixing and stirring the contaminated soil and water introduced into the tank body 31 from the inlet 34 with the stirring blade 33, slurry is formed and soil particles are washed with water, so that coarse soil particles having a relatively large particle size are obtained. While (for example, about 2 mm) is settled and discharged to the outside from the discharge port 35, soil fine particles having a relatively small particle size can be suspended and sent to the next step by overflow. The screen 15 separates and removes foreign matters such as vegetation (for example, about 2 mm) contained in the soil fine particles overflowed from the first slurry tank 14. The vibrating screen 13, the first slurry tank 14, and the screen 15 are applied as the foreign matter removing means. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, another classifying device such as a trommel that supports a cylindrical shape so as to be rotatable is used. Is also good.

第2スラリー槽16は、槽本体41内に駆動モータ42により所定の速度で回転可能な攪拌翼43が設けられており、上部に投入口44が形成される一方、下部に排出口45が形成されている。また、槽本体41内には、支持ロッド46により複数の超音波発信器47が攪拌翼43の外周辺に位置して支持されており、各超音波発信器47にはUS電源48及びコントローラ49が接続されている。従って、投入口44から槽本体41に投入されたスラリーを攪拌翼43により攪拌しながら水洗浄し、且つ、超音波発信器47から下向きに発信された超音波により洗浄し、粗洗浄された土壌微粒子を排出口45から外部に排出し、次工程に送ることができる。   The second slurry tank 16 is provided with a stirring blade 43 that can be rotated at a predetermined speed by a drive motor 42 in the tank body 41, and a charging port 44 is formed in the upper part and a discharging port 45 is formed in the lower part. Has been. In the tank body 41, a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 47 are supported by support rods 46 located on the outer periphery of the stirring blade 43. Each ultrasonic transmitter 47 has a US power supply 48 and a controller 49. Is connected. Accordingly, the slurry charged into the tank body 41 from the charging port 44 is washed with water while being stirred by the stirring blade 43, and is washed with the ultrasonic wave transmitted downward from the ultrasonic transmitter 47, and is roughly washed. The fine particles can be discharged to the outside through the discharge port 45 and sent to the next process.

このとき、コントローラ49はUS電源を制御することで、複数の超音波発信器47から異なる周波数の超音波(例えば、20Hz〜40Hz)を下方に向かって発信しており、攪拌翼43により洗浄槽本体41内で周方向に移動しながら下降する土壌微粒子は、この異なる周波数の超音波が照射されることで、複数の粒径の土壌微粒子から汚染物質が剥離されることとなる。   At this time, the controller 49 controls the US power source to transmit ultrasonic waves having different frequencies (for example, 20 Hz to 40 Hz) downward from the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 47, and the washing tank is driven by the stirring blade 43. The soil fine particles descending while moving in the circumferential direction in the main body 41 are irradiated with ultrasonic waves having different frequencies, and thus the contaminants are separated from the soil fine particles having a plurality of particle sizes.

仕上洗浄管17は、スラリー状の土壌微粒子を流通する流通管51の側面に土壌流通方向に沿って一定間隔で複数の超音波発信器52が直列に装着されて構成されており、各超音波発信器52にはUS電源53及びコントローラ54が接続されている。また、第2スラリー槽16の吐出口45と流通管51の入口との間に配管55が連結され、この配管55に送給ポンプ56が設けられている。従って、粗洗浄された土壌微粒子は、送給ポンプ56により流通管51内に一定速度で流通し、このとき、複数の超音波発信器52から超音波を発信することで、流通する土壌微粒子に対して均一に複数の超音波を照射することができ、土壌微粒子に残留している汚染物質を確実に剥離することとなる。なお、この仕上洗浄管17でも、前述した第2スラリー槽16と同様に、複数の超音波発信器52から異なる周波数の超音波(例えば、20Hz〜40Hz)を下方に向かって発信するように構成することが望ましい。   The finish cleaning pipe 17 is configured by mounting a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 52 in series at regular intervals along the soil distribution direction on the side surface of the distribution pipe 51 that distributes slurry-like soil fine particles. A US power source 53 and a controller 54 are connected to the transmitter 52. A pipe 55 is connected between the discharge port 45 of the second slurry tank 16 and the inlet of the flow pipe 51, and a feed pump 56 is provided in the pipe 55. Accordingly, the coarsely washed soil fine particles are circulated at a constant speed in the flow pipe 51 by the feed pump 56, and at this time, by transmitting ultrasonic waves from the plural ultrasonic transmitters 52, On the other hand, a plurality of ultrasonic waves can be uniformly irradiated, and the contaminants remaining in the soil fine particles are surely peeled off. The finish cleaning pipe 17 is also configured to transmit ultrasonic waves having different frequencies (for example, 20 Hz to 40 Hz) downward from a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 52, similarly to the second slurry tank 16 described above. It is desirable to do.

サイクロン式分級機18,19は、仕上洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌微粒子を分級することで、所定粒径(例えば、約30μm)以上の土壌を取り出すものであり、両者はほぼ同様の構成となっている。そして、それぞれ円筒部に接線方向に沿った供給口61,71と上方の第1排出口62,72が形成される一方、円錐部の下部に第2排出口63,73が形成されており、仕上洗浄管17の出口とサイクロン式分級機18の供給口61が連結され、第1排出口62とサイクロン式分級機19の供給口71が連結されている。従って、仕上洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌微粒子は、サイクロン式分級機18の供給口61に供給され、内部で粒径分離されることで、所定粒径(例えば、約30μm)以上の土壌微粒子が第2排出口63から排出される一方、所定粒径より小さい土壌微粒子が第1排出口62から排出され、サイクロン式分級機19に供給され、ここでも同様に粒径分離が行われる。   The cyclone classifiers 18 and 19 take out soil having a predetermined particle size (for example, about 30 μm) by classifying the finely ground slurry-like soil fine particles, and the two have almost the same configuration. ing. The supply ports 61 and 71 and the upper first discharge ports 62 and 72 along the tangential direction are respectively formed in the cylindrical portion, while the second discharge ports 63 and 73 are formed at the lower portion of the conical portion, The outlet of the finish cleaning pipe 17 and the supply port 61 of the cyclone classifier 18 are connected, and the first discharge port 62 and the supply port 71 of the cyclone classifier 19 are connected. Accordingly, the slurry-like soil fine particles that have been finished and washed are supplied to the supply port 61 of the cyclone classifier 18, and the particle size is separated inside, so that the soil fine particles having a predetermined particle size (for example, about 30 μm) or more are obtained. While being discharged from the second discharge port 63, soil fine particles having a particle size smaller than the predetermined particle size are discharged from the first discharge port 62 and supplied to the cyclone classifier 19, where particle size separation is performed in the same manner.

デカンタ式遠心分離機20,21は、分級された土壌微粒子から水分を除去するものであり、サイクロン式分級機18,19の第2排出口63,73側に連結されたデカンタ式遠心分離機20は、所定粒径以上の土壌微粒子を脱水し、洗浄済土壌、つまり、浄化土壌とする。一方、サイクロン式分級機18,19の第1排出口62,72側に連結されたデカンタ式遠心分離機21は、所定粒径より小さい土壌微粒子を脱水し、汚染物質とする。   The decanter centrifuges 20 and 21 remove water from the classified soil fine particles, and are connected to the second discharge ports 63 and 73 of the cyclone classifiers 18 and 19. Dehydrates soil fine particles having a predetermined particle size or more to obtain washed soil, that is, purified soil. On the other hand, the decanter centrifuge 21 connected to the first discharge ports 62 and 72 of the cyclone classifiers 18 and 19 dehydrates soil fine particles having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size, and uses them as pollutants.

そして、各デカンタ式遠心分離機20,21で分離された水分は送水ポンプ81を有する再循環経路82を介して貯水槽83に送られ、ここに貯水されると共に、送水ポンプ84を有する送水管12により汚染土壌をスラリー状とする水として再利用することができる。なお、汚染土壌がダイオキシンや油、PCBなどの有害津物質に汚染されているだけでなく、重金属(鉛、すず等)などの溶解性有害物質に汚染されている場合には、デカンタ式遠心分離機20,21で分離された水分にこの溶解性有害物質が含有されている虞があるため、再循環経路82の途中に排水処理装置85を設け、再循環する水分に対して排水処理を行ってから再利用する。また、汚染土壌が前述した底質であった場合には、分離した水分に塩分が溶解しているため、排水処理装置85にRO膜などの脱塩機能を設け、再循環する水分に対して脱塩処理を行ってから再利用する。   And the water | moisture content isolate | separated by each decanter-type centrifuge 20 and 21 is sent to the water storage tank 83 through the recirculation path | route 82 which has the water supply pump 81, and is stored here and the water supply pipe | tube which has the water supply pump 84 12, the contaminated soil can be reused as water in a slurry state. If the contaminated soil is not only contaminated with hazardous substances such as dioxin, oil, and PCB, but also with soluble harmful substances such as heavy metals (lead, tin, etc.), the decanter centrifuge is used. Since there is a possibility that this soluble harmful substance is contained in the water separated by the machines 20 and 21, a waste water treatment device 85 is provided in the middle of the recirculation path 82 to perform waste water treatment on the recirculated water. Reuse it later. In addition, when the contaminated soil is the above-mentioned bottom sediment, the salt content is dissolved in the separated water, so the waste water treatment device 85 is provided with a desalting function such as an RO membrane, and the recirculated water. Reuse after desalting.

なお、この実施例では、スラリー状の土壌微粒子を粗洗浄する第2スラリー槽を上円筒部と下円錐部を一体にして形成したが、この構造に限定されるものではない。例えば、図2に示すように、第2スラリー槽90において、槽本体91を底部が平坦となった円筒形状とし、この槽本体91内に駆動モータ92により所定の速度で回転可能な攪拌翼93を設け、上部に投入口94を形成する一方、下部に排出口95を形成し、槽本体91の底部から所定距離を持って支持ロッド96により複数の超音波発信器97を支持し、各超音波発信器97にUS電源及びコントローラを接続している。   In this embodiment, the second slurry tank for roughly washing the slurry-like soil fine particles is formed by integrating the upper cylindrical portion and the lower conical portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, in the second slurry tank 90, the tank body 91 has a cylindrical shape with a flat bottom, and a stirring blade 93 that can be rotated at a predetermined speed by a drive motor 92 in the tank body 91. , And a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 97 are supported by a support rod 96 at a predetermined distance from the bottom of the tank body 91. A US power supply and a controller are connected to the sound wave transmitter 97.

従って、投入口94から槽本体91に投入されたスラリーは攪拌翼93により攪拌されながら水洗浄され、且つ、超音波発信器97から下向きに発信された複数の周波数の超音波により洗浄され、粗洗浄された土壌微粒子が排出口95から外部に排出され、次工程に送ることができる。この場合、土壌微粒子は、槽本体91の底部上を周方向に移動しながら吐出口95に向かうこととなり、この底部を移動する土壌微粒子に異なる周波数の超音波を確実に照射することができ、複数の粒径の土壌微粒子から汚染物質に付着した微粒子を適正に剥離することができる。   Therefore, the slurry charged into the tank body 91 from the charging port 94 is washed with water while being stirred by the stirring blade 93, and cleaned with ultrasonic waves of a plurality of frequencies transmitted downward from the ultrasonic transmitter 97, The washed soil fine particles are discharged to the outside from the discharge port 95 and can be sent to the next step. In this case, the soil fine particles are directed to the discharge port 95 while moving in the circumferential direction on the bottom of the tank body 91, and the soil fine particles moving on the bottom can be reliably irradiated with ultrasonic waves having different frequencies. Fine particles adhering to contaminants can be appropriately peeled from soil fine particles having a plurality of particle sizes.

ここで、上述した本実施例の汚染土壌の浄化装置による処理方法を詳細に説明する。   Here, the processing method by the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the present embodiment described above will be described in detail.

集積場に集められた汚染土壌は、まず、ベルトコンベヤ11により所定の速度で振動スクリーン13に供給され、同時に送水管12から汚染土壌の搬送量に応じた水が振動スクリーン13に供給される。すると、振動スクリーン13にて、汚染土壌から粒径が約5mm以上の砂利などが水洗後に除去され、外部に排出される。続いて、振動スクリーン13を通過した汚染土壌は、第1スラリー槽14に投入され、ここで、汚染土壌と水とが攪拌翼33により混合攪拌されることでスラリーが形成される。そして、汚染土壌のうち、粒径が約2mm以上の土壌粗粒子は沈降分離して外部に排出される一方、粒径が約2mmより小さい土壌微粒子は浮遊してオーバーフローする。そして、この第1スラリー槽14からオーバーフローした土壌微粒子は、スクリーン15により草木などが分離される。   The contaminated soil collected in the collection field is first supplied to the vibrating screen 13 at a predetermined speed by the belt conveyor 11, and at the same time, water corresponding to the amount of contaminated soil conveyed is supplied to the vibrating screen 13 from the water supply pipe 12. Then, gravel having a particle size of about 5 mm or more is removed from the contaminated soil by the vibrating screen 13 after being washed with water, and discharged to the outside. Subsequently, the contaminated soil that has passed through the vibrating screen 13 is put into the first slurry tank 14 where the contaminated soil and water are mixed and stirred by the stirring blade 33 to form a slurry. Of the contaminated soil, soil coarse particles having a particle size of about 2 mm or more settle and separate and are discharged to the outside, while soil fine particles having a particle size of less than about 2 mm float and overflow. The soil particles overflowed from the first slurry tank 14 are separated from plants and the like by the screen 15.

なお、前述したように、汚染土壌の粒子のうち、砂利など粒径が約2mm以上の土壌粗粒子は、汚染物質に付着した微粒子の付着度合いが低レベルであることが判明しており、振動スクリーン13、第1スラリー槽14、スクリーン15で除去された土砂や草木は水洗だけで浄化土壌として再利用が可能となる。   As mentioned above, among the soiled soil particles, soil coarse particles such as gravel with a particle size of about 2 mm or more have been found to have a low level of adhesion of fine particles attached to the contaminants, and vibration The earth and sand removed from the screen 13, the first slurry tank 14, and the screen 15 can be reused as purified soil only by washing with water.

一方、スクリーン15を通過した土壌微粒子は、第2スラリー槽16に投入され、ここで、スラリー状の土壌微粒子が攪拌翼43により攪拌されることで水洗浄されると共に、各超音波発信器47から発信された複数の周波数の超音波が照射されることで、複数の粒径の土壌微粒子から汚染物質が剥離される。そして、この第2スラリー槽16で粗洗浄が完了した土壌微粒子は、配管55を通って仕上洗浄管17に送られ、ここで、流通する土壌微粒子に対して、複数の超音波発信器52から発信された複数の周波数の超音波が均一に照射されることで、土壌微粒子に残留している汚染物質を確実に剥離する。   On the other hand, the soil fine particles that have passed through the screen 15 are put into the second slurry tank 16, where the slurry-like soil fine particles are agitated by the agitating blades 43 and washed with water, and the ultrasonic transmitters 47. By irradiating ultrasonic waves having a plurality of frequencies transmitted from the soil, the contaminants are peeled off from the soil fine particles having a plurality of particle sizes. Then, the soil fine particles that have been subjected to the rough cleaning in the second slurry tank 16 are sent to the finishing cleaning pipe 17 through the pipe 55, where a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 52 are used for the circulating soil fine particles. By uniformly irradiating the transmitted ultrasonic waves with a plurality of frequencies, the contaminants remaining in the soil fine particles are surely peeled off.

そして、仕上洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌微粒子は、2段式のサイクロン式分級機18,19により粒径分離されることで、約30μm以上の土壌微粒子がデカンタ式遠心分離機20に供給され、ここで脱水されたものが浄化土壌として取り出される。一方、サイクロン式分級機18,19により粒径分離された約30μmより小さい土壌微粒子がデカンタ式遠心分離機21に供給され、ここで脱水されたものが汚染物質として取り出される。この場合、前述したように、汚染土壌のうち、粒径が約30μmより大きい粒径の土壌微粒子は、汚染濃度が低く、且つ、超音波洗浄により付着した汚染物質の微粒子が剥離しやすいことが判明しているため、これを浄化土壌とする。また、汚染土壌のうち、粒径が約30μmより小さい粒径の土壌微粒子は汚染濃度が高く、付着、含有した汚染物質が混在しているため、これを汚染物質とする。   Then, the slurry-like soil fine particles that have been finished and washed are separated in particle size by the two-stage cyclone classifiers 18 and 19, whereby soil fine particles of about 30 μm or more are supplied to the decanter centrifuge 20, What was dehydrated here is taken out as purified soil. On the other hand, soil fine particles smaller than about 30 μm separated by the cyclone classifiers 18 and 19 are supplied to the decanter centrifuge 21 and the dehydrated ones are taken out as contaminants. In this case, as described above, among the contaminated soil, soil fine particles having a particle size larger than about 30 μm have a low contamination concentration, and the contaminant fine particles attached by ultrasonic cleaning may be easily peeled off. Since it is known, this is designated as purified soil. Also, among the contaminated soil, soil fine particles having a particle size smaller than about 30 μm have a high concentration of contamination, and adhering and containing contaminants are mixed.

そして、汚染土壌に重金属などの有害な無機物質を含んでいた場合には、デカンタ式遠心分離機20,21で分離された水分にこの有害物質が含まれているため、この水を排水処理装置85を送って溶解した有害物質や塩分などを除去し、その後、浄化水を再循環経路82を介して貯水槽83に送り、スラリー化するための水として再利用する。   If the contaminated soil contains harmful inorganic substances such as heavy metals, the water separated by the decanter centrifuges 20 and 21 contains this harmful substance. 85 is sent to remove dissolved harmful substances, salt, and the like, and then the purified water is sent to the water storage tank 83 via the recirculation path 82 and reused as water for slurrying.

このように本実施例の汚染土壌の浄化装置にあっては、まず、汚染土壌から振動スクリーン13により粒径が約5mm以上の砂利等を除去し、続いて、第1スラリー槽14にて、スラリー状の汚染土壌を攪拌して粒径が約2mm以上の土壌粗粒子を沈降分離する一方、それより小さい土壌微粒子をオーバーフローし、次に、第2スラリー槽16で土壌微粒子を攪拌洗浄すると共に超音波洗浄を行い、続いて、仕上洗浄管17でスラリー状の土壌微粒子を流通しながら超音波洗浄を行うことで、土壌微粒子の表面に付着した汚染物質を剥離し、仕上洗浄後の土壌微粒子をサイクロン式分級機18,19により分級して粒径が約30μm以上の土壌を取り出し、これをデカンタ式遠心分離機20,21で脱水して浄化土壌としている。   Thus, in the contaminated soil purification apparatus of the present embodiment, first, gravel having a particle size of about 5 mm or more is removed from the contaminated soil by the vibrating screen 13, and then, in the first slurry tank 14, The slurry-like contaminated soil is stirred to settle and separate soil coarse particles having a particle size of about 2 mm or more, while the smaller soil particles overflow, and then the second slurry tank 16 is stirred and washed with the soil particles. Performing ultrasonic cleaning, and then performing ultrasonic cleaning while circulating the slurry-like soil fine particles in the finish cleaning pipe 17, peel off contaminants adhering to the surface of the soil fine particles, and soil fine particles after finish cleaning The soil is classified by the cyclone classifiers 18 and 19, and the soil having a particle size of about 30 μm or more is taken out. The soil is dehydrated by the decanter centrifuges 20 and 21 to obtain purified soil.

従って、汚染土壌のスラリーを振動スクリーン13、第1スラリー槽14、第2スラリー槽16、仕上洗浄管17、サイクロン式分級機18,19、デカンタ式遠心分離機20,21に連続して搬送することで、汚染土壌の洗浄作業を連続して行うことができ、処理効率を向上することができ、また、所定粒径の領域にある土壌微粒子だけを洗浄分級して浄化土壌として取り出すことで、土壌浄化精度を向上することができ、更に、装置を簡素化することができる。   Accordingly, the contaminated soil slurry is continuously conveyed to the vibrating screen 13, the first slurry tank 14, the second slurry tank 16, the finish washing tube 17, the cyclone classifiers 18 and 19, and the decanter centrifuges 20 and 21. In this way, the contaminated soil can be washed continuously, the processing efficiency can be improved, and only the soil fine particles in the region of the predetermined particle size can be washed and classified as purified soil, The soil purification accuracy can be improved, and the apparatus can be simplified.

また、第2スラリー槽16及び仕上洗浄管17にて、超音波発信器47,52から異なる周波数の超音波を発信して土壌微粒子に照射することで、異なる粒径の土壌微粒子に対して洗浄効果を発揮させることができる。更に、仕上洗浄管17にて、スラリー状の土壌微粒子を流通させながら複数の超音波発信器52により超音波洗浄することで、土壌粒子に対して超音波を均一に照射することができ、汚染土壌を確実に浄化することができる。   In addition, the second slurry tank 16 and the finish cleaning pipe 17 emit ultrasonic waves having different frequencies from the ultrasonic transmitters 47 and 52 to irradiate the soil fine particles, thereby cleaning the soil fine particles having different particle diameters. The effect can be demonstrated. Furthermore, the ultrasonic cleaning can be uniformly applied to the soil particles by performing ultrasonic cleaning with the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 52 while circulating the slurry-like soil fine particles in the finishing cleaning pipe 17, thereby causing contamination. Soil can be reliably purified.

また、デカンタ式遠心分離機20,21で分離した水を戻す再循環経路82を設け、この再循環経路82に排水処理装置85を設けたことで、重金属等の有害物質や水に溶解した塩分などを除去することができ、水分が再利用可能となって原料コストを低減することができる。   Further, a recirculation path 82 for returning the water separated by the decanter centrifuges 20 and 21 is provided, and a wastewater treatment device 85 is provided in the recirculation path 82, so that a salt content dissolved in harmful substances such as heavy metals or water. Etc., and moisture can be reused to reduce raw material costs.

ここで、本実施例の効果を実験により説明する。図4(a)は、汚染土壌の粒径に対する重量分率を表すものであり、粒径0.15〜2.0mmの土壌の割合が多いことが確認することができ、また、超音波洗浄前に比べて超音波洗浄後の方が、粒径0.15〜2.0mmの土壌の率が低下している一方、粒径が0.05mmより小さい土壌の率が増加していることが確認することができる。また、図4(b)は、汚染土壌の粒径に対するダイオキシン濃度を表すものであり、超音波洗浄前に比べて超音波洗浄後の方が、粒径が0.5mmより大きい土壌の濃度が著しく低下している一方、粒径が0.05mmより小さい土壌の率は減少していない。これは、汚染土壌を第2スラリー槽16で超音波洗浄しているため、粒径の大きい土壌の粒子から汚染物質の微粒子が剥離したことを意味しており、結果として、土壌の半分以上を占める粒径が0.05〜2.0mmの土壌のダイオキシン濃度が著しく低下していることが明確であり、サイクロン式分級機18,19により粒径が0.05mm(50μm)より大きい粒径、特に、約30μm以上の土壌を分級することで、浄化土壌を確実に取り出すことができる。   Here, the effect of the present embodiment will be described by experiments. FIG. 4 (a) shows the weight fraction with respect to the particle size of the contaminated soil, and it can be confirmed that the proportion of soil having a particle size of 0.15 to 2.0 mm is large, and ultrasonic cleaning is performed. The ratio of soil with a particle size of 0.15 to 2.0 mm is lower after ultrasonic cleaning than before, while the ratio of soil with a particle size of less than 0.05 mm is increasing. Can be confirmed. FIG. 4B shows the dioxin concentration with respect to the particle size of the contaminated soil. The concentration of soil having a particle size larger than 0.5 mm after ultrasonic cleaning is higher than that before ultrasonic cleaning. While there is a significant decline, the proportion of soil with a particle size of less than 0.05 mm has not decreased. This means that the contaminated soil is ultrasonically cleaned in the second slurry tank 16, and therefore, the contaminant fine particles are separated from the particles of the soil having a large particle size. As a result, more than half of the soil is removed. It is clear that the dioxin concentration in the soil with the occupied particle size of 0.05 to 2.0 mm is remarkably reduced, and the particle size is larger than 0.05 mm (50 μm) by the cyclone classifiers 18 and 19. In particular, the purified soil can be reliably taken out by classifying the soil of about 30 μm or more.

なお、上述の実施例にて、第2スラリー槽16に複数の超音波発信器47を設け、また、仕上洗浄管17に複数の超音波発信器52を設け、各超音波発信器47,52から異なる周波数の超音波を発信するようにしたが、汚染土壌の粒径によっては、同じ周波数の超音波を発信する複数の超音波発信器であってもよい。また、仕上洗浄管17にて、複数の超音波発信器52を直列に配設したが、複数列配設したり、各列で異なる周波数の超音波を発信する超音波発信器52としたりしてもよい。更に、仕上洗浄管17を複数設けて処理効率の向上を図っても良い。   In the above-described embodiment, a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 47 are provided in the second slurry tank 16, and a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 52 are provided in the finish cleaning pipe 17. However, depending on the particle size of the contaminated soil, a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters that transmit ultrasonic waves of the same frequency may be used. Further, although the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 52 are arranged in series in the finish cleaning pipe 17, a plurality of rows are arranged, or the ultrasonic transmitter 52 that emits ultrasonic waves having different frequencies in each row may be used. May be. Further, a plurality of finish cleaning pipes 17 may be provided to improve the processing efficiency.

また、固液分離手段としてデカンタ式遠心分離機20,21を設けたが、これに限らず、例えば、ベルトプレス、フィルタプレスなどを用いてもよく、必要な固液分離の程度により自然脱水方式を適用することもできる。   Further, although the decanter centrifuges 20 and 21 are provided as the solid-liquid separation means, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, a belt press, a filter press, or the like may be used. Can also be applied.

本発明に係る汚染土壌の浄化装置法は、汚染土壌をスラリー状として超音波粗洗浄及び超音波仕上洗浄を行い、所定粒径領域の土壌粒子だけを浄化土壌とするものであり、有害物質として、ダイオキシン、飛灰、油、PCB、水銀や鉛等の重金属などの有害物質、または、塩類等の溶解性物質を含んだ土壌の浄化処理する技術として、工場跡地の土壌、河川や港湾の底質、汚土などの汚染の浄化技術として適用することができる。   The contaminated soil purification apparatus method according to the present invention is to perform contaminated soil in the form of slurry and perform ultrasonic rough cleaning and ultrasonic finishing cleaning, and only the soil particles of a predetermined particle size region are used as purified soil, and as harmful substances As a technology to purify soil containing harmful substances such as dioxins, fly ash, oil, PCB, heavy metals such as mercury and lead, or soluble substances such as salts, It can be applied as a purification technology for pollution such as quality and soil.

本発明の一実施例に係る汚染土壌の浄化装置の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the purification apparatus of the contaminated soil which concerns on one Example of this invention. 本実施例の汚染土壌の浄化装置における浄化槽の変形例の概略図である。It is the schematic of the modification of the septic tank in the purification apparatus of the contaminated soil of a present Example. 汚染土壌に対する超音波の影響を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the influence of the ultrasonic wave with respect to contaminated soil. 本実施例の汚染土壌の浄化装置による土壌処理結果を表すグラフである。It is a graph showing the soil processing result by the purification apparatus of the contaminated soil of a present Example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11 ベルトコンベヤ
12 送水管
13 振動スクリーン(異物除去手段、篩手段)
14 第1スラリー槽(異物除去手段、分離槽)
15 スクリーン
16,90 第2スラリー槽(粗洗浄手段)
17 仕上洗浄管(仕上洗浄手段)
18,19 サイクロン式分級機(分級手段)
20,21 デカンタ式遠心分離機(固液分離手段)
47,52 超音波発信器
85 排水処理装置
11 Belt conveyor 12 Water pipe 13 Vibrating screen (foreign matter removing means, sieving means)
14 First slurry tank (foreign matter removing means, separation tank)
15 Screen 16,90 Second slurry tank (rough cleaning means)
17 Finish cleaning pipe (finish cleaning means)
18, 19 Cyclone classifier (classification means)
20, 21 Decanter centrifuge (solid-liquid separation means)
47,52 Ultrasonic transmitter 85 Wastewater treatment equipment

Claims (8)

汚染土壌から所定粒径以上の異物を除去する異物除去手段と、該異物除去手段により異物が除去された汚染土壌に水を供給して攪拌すると共に超音波洗浄を行う粗洗浄手段と、該粗洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌を流通しながら超音波洗浄を行う仕上洗浄手段と、該仕上洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌を分級して所定粒径以上の土壌を取り出す分級手段と、該分級手段により分級された土壌から水分を除去する固液分離手段とを具えたことを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。   Foreign matter removing means for removing foreign matters having a predetermined particle diameter or more from the contaminated soil, coarse cleaning means for supplying water to the contaminated soil from which foreign matters have been removed by the foreign matter removing means and stirring and ultrasonic cleaning, Finishing cleaning means for performing ultrasonic cleaning while circulating the slurry-like soil washed by the washing means, and classification means for classifying the slurry-like soil washed by the finishing washing means to take out soil having a predetermined particle size or more. And a solid-liquid separation means for removing water from the soil classified by the classification means. 請求項1記載の汚染土壌の浄化装置において、前記異物除去手段は、汚染土壌から約5mm粒径以上の砂利を分離除去する篩手段と、汚染土壌に水を供給したスラリーを攪拌して約2mm粒径以上の土壌粒子を沈降分離する分離槽とを有することを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。   2. The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the foreign matter removing means is a sieve means for separating and removing gravel having a particle diameter of about 5 mm or more from the contaminated soil, and a slurry supplied with water to the contaminated soil is stirred for about 2 mm. An apparatus for purifying contaminated soil, comprising: a separation tank that settles and separates soil particles having a particle size or larger. 請求項1記載の汚染土壌の浄化装置において、少なくとも前記粗洗浄手段または前記仕上洗浄手段のいずれか一方に、異なる周波数の超音波を発信する複数の超音波発信器が設けられたことを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。   2. The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the rough cleaning unit and the finish cleaning unit is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters that transmit ultrasonic waves of different frequencies. To clean up contaminated soil. 請求項1記載の汚染土壌の浄化装置において、前記仕上洗浄手段は、スラリー状の土壌が流通する洗浄管と、該洗浄管の土壌流通方向に沿って配設された複数の超音波発信器とを有することを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。   2. The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the finish cleaning means includes a cleaning pipe through which slurry-like soil flows, and a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters disposed along the soil flow direction of the cleaning pipe. An apparatus for purifying contaminated soil, comprising: 請求項1記載の汚染土壌の浄化装置において、前記分級手段は、前記仕上洗浄手段により洗浄されたスラリー状の土壌に対して、約30μm粒径以上の土壌を取り出して洗浄済土壌とすることを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。   2. The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the classifying means takes out soil having a particle size of about 30 μm or larger from the slurry-like soil washed by the finish washing means to form washed soil. Characterized contaminated soil purification equipment. 請求項1記載の汚染土壌の浄化装置において、前記固液分離手段により分離された水分を前記粗洗浄手段に戻す再循環経路が設けられたことを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。   2. The contaminated soil purification apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a recirculation path for returning the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means to the rough cleaning means. 請求項1記載の汚染土壌の浄化装置において、前記固液分離手段により分離された水分から有害な溶解性物質を除去する排水処理手段が設けられたことを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。   2. The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, further comprising waste water treatment means for removing harmful soluble substances from the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means. 請求項1記載の汚染土壌の浄化装置において、前記固液分離手段により分離された水分から溶解した塩を除去する脱塩処理手段が設けられたことを特徴とする汚染土壌の浄化装置。
2. The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, further comprising a desalting treatment means for removing salt dissolved from the water separated by the solid-liquid separation means.
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