JP5751525B2 - 燃料電池発電装置の制御方法および燃料電池発電装置を備えた車両 - Google Patents
燃料電池発電装置の制御方法および燃料電池発電装置を備えた車両 Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Description
Claims (9)
- 燃料電池発電装置の制御方法であって、
a)車両推進システム(159)に電力を供給するように前記燃料電池発電装置を動作するステップと、
b)前記車両推進システム(159)の通常の動作時に燃料電池電圧を監視するステップと、
c)前記燃料電池電圧が所定の電池電圧閾値に達したことに応答して、前記燃料電池電圧が前記所定の電池電圧閾値を超過しないようにするのに十分な電力を生成するために必要な量を除いて、反応空気全てを大気へと送給するように切り換えるステップと、
d)エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)の充電状態が所定の貯蔵閾値に達するまで、前記所定の電池電圧閾値よりも低く電池電圧を維持するのに必要な電力量と、補助的な周辺機器装置(170,174,183,185)によって消費される電力量との間の差に等しい量で、前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)に前記燃料電池発電装置の電力出力を貯蔵しつつ、前記ステップc)の後に、前記車両推進システム(159)の要求が要求閾値を超過するまで、前記燃料電池電圧が前記所定の電池電圧閾値を超過しないようにするのに十分な電力を生成するステップと、
を含み、
前記ステップd)において、前記エネルギ貯蔵システムの充電状態が前記所定の貯蔵閾値に達した場合に、電圧制限負荷(220)において、前記所定の電池電圧閾値よりも低く電池電圧を維持するのに必要な電力量と、前記補助的な周辺機器装置によって消費される電力量と、の間の差に概ね等しい電力量を放散し、さらに、
前記ステップd)が、所定の時間閾値を超過する期間の間で継続する場合に、前記燃料電池発電装置内の空気を不足状態にし、前記エネルギ貯蔵システムによって供給される電力を用いて周辺機器を動作することを特徴とする、方法。 - 燃料電池発電装置を備えた車両(150)であって、この燃料電池発電装置が、
周辺機器(170,174,183,185)と、
複数の燃料電池(12)を備え、該複数の燃料電池(12)の各々が、反応空気流れ場を有したカソード(19)に隣接した膜電極アッセンブリ(16)を有し、電力出力部(155,156)をさらに備えてなる、燃料電池スタック(151)と、
前記カソードに反応空気を供給する空気ポンプ(174)と、
前記反応空気流れ場に前記空気ポンプ(174)を接続し、かつ、切り換えられた空気を前記反応空気流れ場に通過させないように、前記空気ポンプ(174)からの空気を選択的に大気へと送給するように切り換えるように構成された切換バルブ(172)と、
前記燃料電池スタック(151)の前記電力出力部(155,156)に選択的に接続可能な電圧制限負荷(220)と、
を備え、
車両(150)が、
要求信号に応答して前記燃料電池スタック(151)によって選択的に給電されるように構成された車両推進システム(159)と、
エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)と、
前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)への電気エネルギの貯蔵と、前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)からの電気エネルギの取り出しとを選択的に制御する貯蔵用制御手段(200)と、
前記燃料電池スタック(151)、前記切換バルブ(172)、前記貯蔵用制御手段(200)および前記電圧制限負荷(220)を選択的に制御するコントローラ(185)と、
をさらに備え、
前記コントローラ(185)は、動作モードにおいて、動作時に前記車両推進システム(159)によって消費される電力の減少に応答してアイドルモードに入り、該アイドルモードにおいて、前記コントローラ(185)は、a)前記燃料電池の電圧が所定のアイドル閾電池電圧を超過しないようにするのに十分な前記所定のアイドル電力を生成するために前記燃料電池スタック(151)によって必要とされる空気を除いて、空気全てを前記カソード(19)から大気へと送給するように切り換えるように前記切換バルブ(172)を作動し、b)前記燃料電池の電圧が所定のアイドル閾電池電圧を超過しないようにするのに十分な所定のアイドル電力を前記燃料電池スタック(151)によって生成し、c)i)前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)の充電状態が所定の充電状態閾値を超過しない限り、前記貯蔵用制御手段(200)により、前記周辺機器(170,174,183,185)によって消費される電力量を前記所定のアイドル電力が超過する電力量を、前記エネルギ貯蔵システムに貯蔵し、ii)前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)の充電状態が所定の充電状態閾値に達した場合に、前記燃料電池スタック(151)によって前記所定のアイドル電力を生成し、前記燃料電池スタック(151)の前記電力出力部(155,156)の間に前記電圧制限負荷を接続し、前記電圧制限負荷は、前記所定のアイドル電力で、前記所定のアイドル電力が前記周辺機器(170,174,183,185)によって消費される電力量を超過するおおよその電力量を放散し、さらに、
前記アイドルモードの期間が所定の時間閾値を超過した場合に、前記コントローラは、上記i)またはii)を生じさせることを終了し、代わりに、前記燃料電池発電装置内の空気を不足状態にし、前記エネルギ貯蔵システムによって供給される電力を用いて前記周辺機器を動作させることを特徴とする車両(150)。 - 前記アイドルモードは、前記車両推進システムの要求が要求閾値を超過するまで継続することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両(150)。
- 前記コントローラ(185)は、前記アイドルモードにおいて、前記車両推進システム(159)の要求が所定の要求閾値を超過したことに応答して、前記切換バルブ(172)によって前記カソード(19)に空気全てを導くことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両(150)。
- 前記コントローラ(185)は、前記アイドルモードにおいて、前記車両推進システム(159)の要求が所定の要求閾値を超過したことに応答して、アイドル電圧を制御するための電力の貯蔵を終了し、前記電圧制限負荷(220)を前記燃料電池スタックから非接続にすることを確実にすることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の車両(150)。
- 前記コントローラ(185)は、前記車両推進システム(159)からのオフ信号(223)に応答してシャットダウンルーチン(268)を開始し、該シャットダウンルーチン(268)において、前記コントローラ(185)は、iii)前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)の充電状態が所定の充電状態閾値を超過しない限り、前記貯蔵用制御手段(200)によって、前記燃料電池(12)の電圧が所定のシャットダウン閾電圧を超過しないように前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)に十分な電力を貯蔵し、iv)前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)の充電状態が所定の充電状態閾値に達した場合に、前記燃料電池スタック(151)の前記電力出力部(155,156)の間で前記電圧制限負荷(220)を接続することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両(150)。
- 前記所定のシャットダウン閾電圧は、前記所定のアイドル閾電圧よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の車両(150)。
- 前記コントローラ(185)は、前記車両推進システム(159)からのスタート信号(193)に応答して起動ルーチンを開始し、前記起動ルーチンにおいて、前記コントローラ(185)は、v)前記エネルギ貯蔵システムの充電状態が所定の充電状態閾値を超過しない限り、前記燃料電池(12)の電圧が所定の起動閾電圧を超過しないように、前記エネルギ貯蔵システム(201)に十分な電力を貯蔵し、vi)前記エネルギ貯蔵システムの充電状態が所定の充電状態閾値に達した場合に、前記燃料電池スタック(151)の前記電力出力部(155,156)の間で前記電圧制限負荷(220)を接続することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両(150)。
- 前記所定の起動閾電圧は、前記所定のアイドル閾電圧よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の車両(150)。
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US20130320910A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
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