JP5604267B2 - Heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas from vacuum hot water machine and heat recovery method using the same - Google Patents

Heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas from vacuum hot water machine and heat recovery method using the same Download PDF

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JP5604267B2
JP5604267B2 JP2010250136A JP2010250136A JP5604267B2 JP 5604267 B2 JP5604267 B2 JP 5604267B2 JP 2010250136 A JP2010250136 A JP 2010250136A JP 2010250136 A JP2010250136 A JP 2010250136A JP 5604267 B2 JP5604267 B2 JP 5604267B2
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exhaust gas
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hot water
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JP2012102906A (en
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聡 吉本
伸章 林本
智郎 三浦
孝幸 正野
淳 坂倉
真 赤池
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Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置およびこれを用いた熱回収方法に関し、特に、産業用の温水発生装置である真空式温水機における排ガスの熱回収装置およびこれを用いた熱回収方法に有用である。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat recovery apparatus for a vacuum hot water machine exhaust gas and a heat recovery method using the same, and more particularly, to a heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas in a vacuum hot water machine that is an industrial hot water generator and a heat recovery using the same. Useful in the method.

従来、産業用の温水発生装置として多種多様な方式が利用されているが、100℃以下の温水を得る温水発生装置として、真空式温水機が多用されている。真空式温水機は、都市ガスや灯油、ペレットなどの燃料を燃焼し、その燃焼熱および排ガスを燃焼室の周囲に存在する熱媒水と熱交換させる。熱媒水は、大気圧下に減圧された減圧蒸発室で75℃〜85℃程度で減圧沸騰し、同室内にある熱交換器を介して給温水を加温する。熱媒水は燃焼室内に設けた伝熱管で燃焼排ガスと熱交換するが、通常は110℃〜200℃程度の排ガス温度まで熱回収する。熱効率は概ね85%〜95%程度である。   Conventionally, various types of industrial hot water generators are used, but vacuum hot water machines are frequently used as hot water generators for obtaining hot water of 100 ° C. or less. The vacuum water heater combusts fuels such as city gas, kerosene, and pellets, and exchanges heat of the combustion heat and exhaust gas with heat transfer water existing around the combustion chamber. The heat transfer water boils under reduced pressure at about 75 ° C. to 85 ° C. in a reduced pressure evaporation chamber that has been depressurized under atmospheric pressure, and warms the hot water through a heat exchanger in the same chamber. The heat transfer water exchanges heat with the combustion exhaust gas through a heat transfer tube provided in the combustion chamber, but usually recovers heat up to an exhaust gas temperature of about 110 ° C to 200 ° C. The thermal efficiency is approximately 85% to 95%.

こうした真空式温水機として、具体的には、例えば図5に示すような構成を有する真空式温水ボイラが挙げられる。上部に蒸気室102が形成されるよう熱媒水103を封入した熱媒水貯槽(缶体)101の下部内側に、上記熱媒水103に没するように燃焼室104を設けてバーナ105を設置し、且つ上記熱媒水貯槽101の頂部に、真空ポンプ106を、開閉弁108を備えた真空引きライン107を介し接続すると共に、上記蒸気室102となる熱媒水貯槽101内の上部位置に、加熱対象となる水109を外部から流通させることができるようにした熱交換器としての伝熱管110を設けた構成として、真空ポンプ106の作動により熱媒水貯槽101の内部を真空に引いた状態において、バーナ105を燃焼させることにより燃焼室104の壁面を介して熱媒水103を加熱し、これにより真空中にある熱媒水103を100℃以下の温度、たとえば、約80℃にて急速に沸騰、蒸発させ、発生した減圧蒸気を、蒸気室102に充満させると共に伝熱管110の表面で凝縮させることにより、該伝熱管110を流通する水109と熱交換を行わせて、該伝熱管110の出口より上記減圧蒸気の温度まで加熱された温水109aを回収できるようにしてある。なお、111は燃焼室104の排気口、112は燃焼室104内の中央部にてバーナ105に対峙するよう設置した火堰、113は火堰112の後方の煙道となる部分に燃焼室104を上下方向に貫通するよう設けた伝熱用水管である。凝縮伝熱を利用することで伝熱面積を小さくできると共に、減圧下における熱媒水103の凝縮領域の温度を制御温度とすることにより、加熱対象流体である水109を間欠的に熱交換させるような場合であっても、熱媒水103の温度が大きく変化することはなく、したがって、常に一定温度に加熱された温水109aを製造できるという特徴を有している。   Specific examples of such a vacuum hot water machine include a vacuum hot water boiler having a configuration as shown in FIG. A combustion chamber 104 is provided so as to be immersed in the heat medium water 103 inside the heat medium water storage tank (can body) 101 in which the heat medium water 103 is sealed so that the steam chamber 102 is formed in the upper part, and a burner 105 is provided. The top position of the heat transfer water storage tank 101 is connected to the top of the heat transfer water storage tank 101 via a vacuum line 107 provided with an on-off valve 108, and the upper position in the heat transfer water storage tank 101 serving as the steam chamber 102 The heat transfer pipe 110 as a heat exchanger that allows the water 109 to be heated to circulate from the outside is provided, and the inside of the heat transfer water storage tank 101 is evacuated by the operation of the vacuum pump 106. In this state, by burning the burner 105, the heat transfer water 103 is heated through the wall surface of the combustion chamber 104, so that the heat transfer water 103 in the vacuum has a temperature of 100 ° C. or lower. For example, by boiling and evaporating rapidly at about 80 ° C., the generated reduced-pressure steam fills the steam chamber 102 and condenses on the surface of the heat transfer tube 110, thereby exchanging heat with the water 109 flowing through the heat transfer tube 110. Thus, the hot water 109a heated up to the temperature of the reduced-pressure steam from the outlet of the heat transfer tube 110 can be recovered. In addition, 111 is an exhaust port of the combustion chamber 104, 112 is a fire weir installed at the center of the combustion chamber 104 so as to face the burner 105, and 113 is a combustion chamber 104 in a portion that becomes a flue behind the fire weir 112. Is a water pipe for heat transfer provided so as to penetrate through in the vertical direction. By using condensation heat transfer, the heat transfer area can be reduced, and the temperature of the condensation region of the heat transfer water 103 under reduced pressure is set as the control temperature, so that the water 109 that is the heating target fluid is intermittently heat-exchanged. Even in such a case, the temperature of the heat transfer water 103 does not change greatly, and therefore, the hot water 109a that is always heated to a constant temperature can be produced.

特開2003−279160号公報JP 2003-279160 A

しかし、上記のような真空式温水機では、以下に挙げるような問題点や課題が生じることがあった。
(i)従来方式では、熱媒水の温度を通常75℃〜85℃に加熱した状態で保持し、減圧蒸気室の熱交換器で冷水を温水に熱交換する。排ガス中の水分から潜熱を回収する場合、排ガス温度を露点以下に冷却する必要があるが、従来の構造では排ガス温度を熱媒水温度以下にすることができないため、構造的に潜熱回収はできないという課題があった。
(ii)燃焼式の温水機においては、燃焼エネルギーを伝熱用水管により吸収することによって温水を得ると同時に、該水管によって燃焼排ガスの温度を低下させる働きがある。従って、水管での熱交換(吸収)が十分にできない状態(例えば、温水用供給水の停止や減少、水管表面でのスケールの発生等に伴う水管の熱交換効率の低下あるいは真空圧力の上昇等の異常な状態等)になった場合には、燃焼排ガス温度の上昇により、燃焼室から排出された燃焼排ガスの処理機能(低温処理や中和処理等)の低下や損傷等の可能性があり、こうした危険性を回避することが課題となる。
(iii)所望の温水が複数の異なる温度である場合(例えば、暖房用と給湯用)には、減圧蒸気室に、複数の熱交換器(伝熱菅)が配設され、各々所望の温度の温水が取出される。しかしながら、例えば低温の暖房用温水のみへの切替え等、燃焼条件の変更を必要とする場合、過渡的に水管からの熱吸収量の減少に伴う燃焼排ガス温度の上昇が発生する可能性があり、上記(ii)と同様の課題が生じる。
However, the vacuum hot water machine as described above sometimes has the following problems and problems.
(I) In the conventional system, the temperature of the heat transfer water is normally maintained in a state heated to 75 ° C. to 85 ° C., and the cold water is heat-exchanged with the hot water in the heat exchanger in the vacuum steam chamber. When recovering latent heat from moisture in the exhaust gas, it is necessary to cool the exhaust gas temperature below the dew point. However, in the conventional structure, the exhaust gas temperature cannot be reduced below the heat transfer medium water temperature, so the latent heat cannot be recovered structurally. There was a problem.
(Ii) In a combustion-type hot water machine, hot water is obtained by absorbing combustion energy through a heat transfer water pipe, and at the same time, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is lowered by the water pipe. Therefore, heat exchange (absorption) in the water pipe cannot be sufficiently performed (for example, stoppage or reduction of hot water supply water, decrease in heat exchange efficiency of the water pipe due to generation of scale on the surface of the water pipe, increase in vacuum pressure, etc.) In the case of abnormal conditions, etc., there is a possibility that the processing function (low temperature processing, neutralization processing, etc.) of the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber may be reduced or damaged due to the increase of the combustion exhaust gas temperature. The challenge is to avoid these dangers.
(Iii) When the desired hot water has a plurality of different temperatures (for example, for heating and hot water supply), a plurality of heat exchangers (heat transfer tanks) are disposed in the decompression steam chamber, and each desired temperature Hot water is taken out. However, when it is necessary to change combustion conditions, such as switching to low temperature heating water only, there is a possibility that the combustion exhaust gas temperature will rise transiently due to a decrease in the amount of heat absorbed from the water pipe, The same problem as in (ii) above occurs.

本発明の目的は、産業用の温水発生装置である真空式温水機から排出する低温の燃焼排ガスから顕熱を回収し、さらに燃焼排ガス中に含まれる水分の潜熱を回収し、真空式温水機の熱効率を向上させる真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置およびこれを用いた熱回収方法を提供することにある。また、真空式温水機に過大な機能を必要とせずに、簡便かつ効果的に熱回収装置の過熱を防止し、真空式温水機および熱回収装置内部の温度・圧力の上昇を防ぐことが可能な真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置およびこれを用いた熱回収方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to recover sensible heat from a low-temperature combustion exhaust gas discharged from a vacuum hot water machine that is an industrial hot water generator, and further recover latent heat of moisture contained in the combustion exhaust gas. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas from a vacuum hot water machine that improves the heat efficiency of the heat recovery method and a heat recovery method using the same. In addition, it is possible to prevent overheating of the heat recovery device easily and effectively without requiring excessive functions in the vacuum water heater, and to prevent the temperature and pressure in the vacuum water heater and heat recovery device from rising. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat recovery device for exhaust gas from a vacuum hot water machine and a heat recovery method using the same.

本発明者らは、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、以下に示す真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置およびこれを用いた熱回収方法によって上記目的を達成できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。   As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by the heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas from a vacuum hot water machine and a heat recovery method using the same, and have completed the present invention. It was.

本発明は、真空式温水機から燃焼排ガスが給送されるダクトの一端部で、該真空式温水機と接続する熱回収装置であって、前記真空式温水機が、燃焼バーナ、内部に熱媒体が流通し燃焼熱を吸収する複数の水管および燃焼排ガスの排気部が備えられた燃焼室と、該燃焼室を囲むように隣接し前記熱媒体が充填された熱媒体槽、内部に給温水が流通する熱交換器および減圧手段に接続される減圧部が備えられた減圧蒸気室と、該給温水が供出される給湯部と、前記排気部からの燃焼排ガスが給送されるダクトと、を有し、前記熱回収装置が、内部に供給水が流通する複数段かつ複数列設置したフィン水管からなる熱回収器を備えた熱回収室と、該熱回収室の下部に配置され凝縮水を回収し中和処理する中和槽と、処理された燃焼排ガスが排出される排出部と、を有し、前記ダクトが前記熱回収室の上部に接続され、給送された燃焼排ガスを前記熱回収室の上部から下部に流下させた状態で、前記熱回収器内部に前記供給水を下部から上部に流通させて給送された燃焼排ガスと熱交換し、燃焼排ガスの顕熱および該燃焼排ガス中に含まれる水蒸気の潜熱を回収するとともに、前記供給水が加温され、加温水として前記熱交換器に供給され、前記加温水の温度が予め設定された温度以上に上昇した場合、前記真空式温水機への該加温水の供給を停止し、前記供給水を直接前記真空式温水機に供給し、前記供給水または加温水を前記中和槽に放出することを特徴とする。
The present invention is a heat recovery device connected to the vacuum hot water heater at one end of a duct to which combustion exhaust gas is fed from the vacuum hot water heater, the vacuum hot water heater having a combustion burner and an internal heat A combustion chamber provided with a plurality of water pipes through which a medium flows and absorbs combustion heat and an exhaust part of combustion exhaust gas, a heat medium tank adjacent to the combustion chamber and filled with the heat medium, and hot water inside A reduced pressure steam chamber provided with a pressure exchanger connected to a heat exchanger and a pressure reducing means, a hot water supply portion to which the hot water is supplied, a duct to which combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust portion is fed, A heat recovery chamber comprising a heat recovery device comprising fin water pipes arranged in a plurality of stages and a plurality of rows in which supply water circulates, and condensed water disposed at a lower portion of the heat recovery chamber And neutralization tank to collect and neutralize the treated exhaust gas An exhaust portion, and the duct is connected to the upper portion of the heat recovery chamber, and the fed flue gas flows down from the upper portion of the heat recovery chamber to the lower portion. Heat exchange is performed with the combustion exhaust gas fed from the lower part to the upper part to recover the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas and the latent heat of the water vapor contained in the combustion exhaust gas, and the supply water is heated. When the warming water is supplied to the heat exchanger as a warming water and the temperature of the warming water rises above a preset temperature, the warming water supply to the vacuum hot water machine is stopped and the feed water is directly It supplies to the said vacuum type hot water machine, The said supply water or warming water is discharge | released to the said neutralization tank, It is characterized by the above-mentioned .

既述のように、真空式温水機においては、燃料排ガスの温度が低く、顕熱回収は比較的容易であるが、含有する水分からの潜熱の回収は難しい。本発明は、真空式温水機の燃焼排ガスの排出ダクトに熱回収装置を接続し、装置上部から流下する燃焼排ガスと複数設置されたフィン水管を上昇する供給水との効率的な熱交換機能、流下するガス流によるフィン水管の表面に発生する凝縮水の排除機能、および回収した熱エネルギーによる真空式温水機の給温水の加温機能によって、効率のよく真空式温水機から排出する低温の燃焼排ガスから顕熱を回収し、さらに燃焼排ガス中に含まれる水分の潜熱を回収し、真空式温水機の熱効率を向上させることが可能となった。ここで、「給温水」とは真空式温水機において熱交換され給湯用や暖房用として利用される供給水をいう。また、熱交換器に供給される加温水の温度が予め設定された温度以上に上昇した場合、真空式温水機への加温水の供給を停止し、供給水を直接前記真空式温水機に供給し、供給水または加温水を中和槽に放出することによって、高い安全性を有しつつ、真空式温水機に過大な機能を必要とせずに、簡便かつ効果的に熱回収装置の過熱を防止し、真空式温水機および熱回収装置内部の温度・圧力の上昇を防ぐことが可能となった。
As described above, in the vacuum water heater, the temperature of the fuel exhaust gas is low and sensible heat recovery is relatively easy, but it is difficult to recover latent heat from the contained water. The present invention connects a heat recovery device to the exhaust duct of the combustion exhaust gas of the vacuum hot water machine, and an efficient heat exchange function between the combustion exhaust gas flowing down from the upper part of the device and the supply water rising up the plurality of fin water pipes, Low temperature combustion efficiently discharged from the vacuum water heater by the function of removing the condensed water generated on the surface of the fin water pipe by the flowing gas flow and the function of heating the hot water supply water of the vacuum water heater by the recovered thermal energy By recovering sensible heat from the exhaust gas and further recovering the latent heat of moisture contained in the combustion exhaust gas, it has become possible to improve the thermal efficiency of the vacuum water heater. Here, “hot water” refers to supply water that is heat-exchanged in a vacuum hot water machine and used for hot water supply or heating. In addition, when the temperature of the heated water supplied to the heat exchanger rises above a preset temperature, the supply of the heated water to the vacuum water heater is stopped and the supplied water is directly supplied to the vacuum water heater. By discharging the supply water or warm water to the neutralization tank, the heat recovery device can be easily and effectively overheated without requiring an excessive function in the vacuum water heater while having high safety. It was possible to prevent the temperature and pressure from rising inside the vacuum water heater and heat recovery device.

本発明は、上記真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置であって、前記真空式温水機および熱回収装置に供給水を導入する流路Aを設け、該流路Aを真空式温水機に給水する流路Bと熱回収装置に給水する流路Cに分岐し、該流路Bにおいて、真空式温水機に給水する流路に設けられた分岐路に流路Cの末端を接続し、前記熱回収装置から供出された前記加温水を前記真空式温水機へ給水可能な構成を有するとともに、流路A−流路Bの接続と流路A−流路Cの接続の切換えを行う切換弁を設けることを特徴とする。
上記のように、真空式温水機においては、供出する給温水の水温と合わせて熱媒体および燃焼排ガスの温度管理が重要となる。本発明は、燃焼排ガスによる真空式温水機から熱回収装置への熱移動と同時に、加温水による熱回収装置から真空式温水機への熱移動が行なわれる。このとき、いずれか一方が過熱量となり各装置の機能低下や損傷等を生じるという不測の場合の防止するために、過熱された加温水の真空式温水機への供給を停止して、供給水を直接真空式温水機へ供給できる構成を有することを特徴とする。これによって、後者における真空式温水機への過量の熱移動を防止するとともに、真空式温水機における熱媒体から給温水への移動熱量を増加させることができ、これによって、さらに燃焼熱の熱媒体への移動熱量を増加させることができることから、燃料排ガスの温度を低減させることができる。つまり、前者における熱回収装置への過量の熱移動を防止することができる。このように、真空式温水機に過大な機能を必要とせずに、簡便かつ効果的に熱回収装置の過熱を防止し、真空式温水機および熱回収装置内部の温度・圧力の上昇を防ぐことが可能となった。
The present invention is a heat recovery device for exhaust gas from the above-mentioned vacuum type hot water machine, wherein a flow path A for introducing supply water to the vacuum type hot water machine and the heat recovery apparatus is provided, and the flow path A is supplied to the vacuum type hot water machine. The flow path B and the flow path C supplying water to the heat recovery device are branched, and in the flow path B, the end of the flow path C is connected to a branch path provided in the flow path supplying water to the vacuum hot water machine, A switching valve having a configuration capable of supplying the heated water supplied from the heat recovery device to the vacuum hot water machine and switching between connection of the flow path A and the flow path B and connection of the flow path A and the flow path C It is characterized by providing.
As described above, in the vacuum water heater, temperature management of the heat medium and the combustion exhaust gas is important in conjunction with the temperature of the supplied hot water. In the present invention, heat transfer from the vacuum water heater to the heat recovery device by the combustion exhaust gas is performed simultaneously with heat transfer from the heat recovery device to the vacuum water heater by the heated water. At this time, in order to prevent an unexpected situation in which one of the devices becomes overheated, resulting in functional deterioration or damage of each device, the supply of heated hot water to the vacuum water heater is stopped, It has the structure which can supply directly to a vacuum-type hot water machine. This prevents an excessive amount of heat transfer to the vacuum water heater in the latter and increases the amount of heat transferred from the heat medium to the hot water in the vacuum water heater, thereby further increasing the heat medium of the combustion heat. Therefore, the temperature of the fuel exhaust gas can be reduced. That is, excessive heat transfer to the heat recovery apparatus in the former can be prevented. In this way, overheating of the heat recovery device can be easily and effectively prevented without requiring excessive functions in the vacuum water heater, and the temperature and pressure inside the vacuum water heater and heat recovery device can be prevented. Became possible.

本発明は、上記真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置であって、前記流路Cにおいて、熱回収装置に給水するまでの流路に設けられた分岐路に流路Dが接続され、該流路Dに開閉弁が設けられるとともに、前記流路C内の供給水または加温水の一部を前記中和槽に放出可能に構成することを特徴とする。
上記熱回収装置においては、固有の加温水の過熱や燃焼排ガス温度の上昇の未然防止機能を有している。本発明は、さらに安全性を高めるために、熱回収装置への供給水を停止した状態において、熱回収装置への供給流路内の水の一部を放出して熱回収装置内のフィン水管内部の水が沸騰することを防ぎ、給湯開始時に高温に過熱された加温水が真空式温水機の給湯用熱交換器に流入することを防止する。こうした構成によって、真空式温水機に過大な機能を必要とせずに、簡便かつ効果的に熱回収装置の過熱を防止し、真空式温水機および熱回収装置内部の温度・圧力の上昇を防ぐことが可能となった。
The present invention is the heat recovery device for exhaust gas from the above-described vacuum hot water machine, wherein the flow channel D is connected to a branch path provided in the flow channel C until water is supplied to the heat recovery device. An opening / closing valve is provided in the path D, and a part of the supply water or warming water in the flow path C is configured to be discharged into the neutralization tank.
The heat recovery device has a function to prevent overheating of inherent warm water and a rise in combustion exhaust gas temperature. In order to further improve safety, the present invention releases a part of the water in the supply flow path to the heat recovery device in a state where the supply water to the heat recovery device is stopped, and the fin water pipe in the heat recovery device The internal water is prevented from boiling, and the heated water heated to a high temperature at the start of hot water supply is prevented from flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger of the vacuum water heater. This configuration prevents overheating of the heat recovery device easily and effectively without requiring excessive functions for the vacuum water heater, and prevents the temperature and pressure inside the vacuum water heater and heat recovery device from rising. Became possible.

本発明は、上記真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置であって、前記熱回収室の上部、前記排気部、前記熱媒体槽のいずれかあるいはそのいくつかに温度検出器を設け、それぞれの予め設定された温度を指標に、前記供給水の流量あるいは供給流路を制御することを特徴とする。
上記熱回収装置において、加温水の過熱を検知し、真空式温水機への過量の熱移動を停止することによって、燃料排ガス温度を低減させることができる。つまり、真空式温水機あるいは熱回収装置における水温やガス温度は、各々他の装置の水温やガス温度と密接な関係を有することを意味する。本発明は、真空式温水機あるいは熱回収装置における特定箇所の水温やガス温度をモニタすることによって真空式温水機および熱回収装置からなるシステム全体の管理が可能であることを見出したもので、具体的には、特に、熱回収室の上部、排気部、熱媒体槽の温度が重要な指標となる。こうした指標を基に、供給水の流量あるいは供給流路を制御することによって、真空式温水機に過大な機能を必要とせずに、簡便かつ効果的に熱回収装置の過熱を防止し、真空式温水機および熱回収装置内部の温度・圧力の上昇を防ぐことが可能となった。
The present invention is a heat recovery apparatus for the above-described vacuum hot water machine exhaust gas, wherein a temperature detector is provided in any one or some of the upper part of the heat recovery chamber, the exhaust part, or the heat medium tank, The flow rate or supply flow path of the supply water is controlled using the set temperature as an index.
In the above heat recovery apparatus, the temperature of the fuel exhaust gas can be reduced by detecting overheating of the heated water and stopping the excessive amount of heat transfer to the vacuum hot water machine. That is, it means that the water temperature and gas temperature in the vacuum water heater or the heat recovery device are closely related to the water temperature and gas temperature of the other devices. The present invention has found that it is possible to manage the entire system consisting of a vacuum water heater and a heat recovery device by monitoring the water temperature and gas temperature at a specific location in the vacuum water heater or heat recovery device, Specifically, the temperature of the upper part of the heat recovery chamber, the exhaust part, and the heat medium tank is an important index. By controlling the flow rate of the feed water or the supply flow path based on these indicators, it is possible to prevent overheating of the heat recovery device easily and effectively without requiring an excessive function in the vacuum water heater. It became possible to prevent the temperature and pressure inside the water heater and heat recovery device from rising.

また、本発明は、上記のいずれかの熱回収装置を用い、真空式温水機からの燃焼排ガス中の熱エネルギーである顕熱および潜熱を回収する方法であって、
該熱回収装置において、該真空式温水機からの燃焼排ガスと、熱回収装置に設けられたフィン水管中の供給水とを向流的に熱交換させ、加温された該供給水を熱回収装置から加温水として真空式温水機に供給することを特徴とする。
上記熱回収装置は、真空式温水機からの廃熱を効率のよく回収し、真空式温水機の熱効率を向上させるという基本機能を有するもので、本発明は、こうした優れた機能を生かすことによって、従来難しかった燃料排ガス中の水分を効率的に凝縮させることができ、高い収率で熱回収を行うことができる熱回収方法の提供することが可能となった
Further, the present invention is a method for recovering sensible heat and latent heat, which is thermal energy in combustion exhaust gas from a vacuum hot water machine, using any of the heat recovery devices described above,
In the heat recovery device, the combustion exhaust gas from the vacuum water heater and the supply water in the fin water pipe provided in the heat recovery device are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange, and the heated supply water is heat recovered. It supplies to a vacuum-type water heater as warming water from an apparatus.
The heat recovery device has a basic function of efficiently recovering waste heat from the vacuum water heater and improving the thermal efficiency of the vacuum water heater, and the present invention makes use of these excellent functions. It has become possible to provide a heat recovery method that can efficiently condense the moisture in the fuel exhaust gas, which has been difficult in the past, and can perform heat recovery in a high yield.

また、本発明は、上記真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収方法であって、前記加温水の温度が予め設定された温度以上に上昇した場合、真空式温水機への該加温水の供給を停止し、前記供給水を直接真空式温水機に供給するとともに、前記供給水または加温水を熱回収装置に設けられた燃焼排ガスの凝縮水中和用の中和槽に放出することを特徴とする。
こうした操作によって、高い安全性を有しつつ、真空式温水機に過大な機能を必要とせずに、簡便かつ効果的に熱回収装置の過熱を防止し、真空式温水機および熱回収装置内部の温度・圧力の上昇を防ぐことが可能となった。
Further, the present invention is the above heat recovery method for the exhaust gas from a hot water heater, and when the temperature of the warm water rises above a preset temperature, the supply of the warm water to the vacuum hot water machine is stopped. The supply water is directly supplied to a vacuum hot water machine, and the supply water or warm water is discharged to a neutralization tank for neutralizing condensed water of combustion exhaust gas provided in a heat recovery device.
With these operations, the heat recovery device can be easily and effectively prevented from overheating without requiring an excessive function in the vacuum water heater while having high safety, and the inside of the vacuum water heater and the heat recovery device. It became possible to prevent temperature and pressure from rising.

本発明に係る真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置の基本構成を例示する全体構成図。The whole block diagram which illustrates the basic composition of the heat recovery device of the vacuum type hot water machine exhaust gas concerning the present invention. 本発明に係る熱回収装置の具体的な構成を例示する構成図。The block diagram which illustrates the specific structure of the heat recovery apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本発明を適用することができる真空式温水機の他の構成例を示す構成図。The block diagram which shows the other structural example of the vacuum type water heater which can apply this invention. 本発明に係る熱回収装置の他の構成例を示す構成図。The block diagram which shows the other structural example of the heat recovery apparatus which concerns on this invention. 従来技術に係る真空式温水ボイラの概略を例示する全体構成図。The whole block diagram which illustrates the outline of the vacuum type hot water boiler which concerns on a prior art.

本発明に係る真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置(以下「本装置」という)は、真空式温水機(特に断りがない限り「温水機」という)とダクトによって接続され、
温水機が、燃焼バーナ、内部に熱媒体が流通し燃焼熱を吸収する複数の水管および燃焼排ガスの排気部が備えられた燃焼室と、該燃焼室を囲むように隣接し熱媒体が充填された熱媒体槽、内部に給温水が流通する熱交換器および減圧手段に接続される減圧部が備えられた減圧蒸気室と、該給温水が供出される給湯部と、排気部からの燃焼排ガスが給送されるダクトと、を有し、
本装置が、内部に供給水が流通する複数段かつ複数列設置したフィン水管からなる熱回収器を備えた熱回収室と、該熱回収室の下部に配置され凝縮水を回収し中和処理する中和槽と、処理された燃焼排ガスが排出される排出部と、を有し、
給送された燃焼排ガスを流下させた状態で供給水と熱交換し、燃焼排ガスの顕熱および該燃焼排ガス中に含まれる水蒸気の潜熱を回収するとともに、供給水が加温され、加温水として熱交換器に供給することを特徴とする。以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
A heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas from a vacuum hot water machine according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the present apparatus”) is connected to a vacuum hot water machine (referred to as “hot water machine” unless otherwise specified) by a duct,
A hot water machine is a combustion burner, a combustion chamber provided with a plurality of water tubes through which a heat medium flows and absorbs combustion heat, and an exhaust part for combustion exhaust gas, and an adjacent heat medium filled with the combustion chamber so as to surround the combustion chamber The heat medium tank, the heat exchanger in which the hot water is circulated, and the decompression steam chamber provided with the decompression section connected to the decompression means, the hot water supply section to which the warm water is supplied, and the combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust section A duct to be fed, and
This device has a heat recovery chamber equipped with heat recovery devices consisting of fin water pipes installed in multiple stages and multiple rows through which the supply water circulates, and is disposed at the bottom of the heat recovery chamber to recover condensed water and neutralize it. And a neutralization tank that performs processing, and a discharge portion from which the treated combustion exhaust gas is discharged,
Heat exchange is performed with the feed water in a state where the supplied flue gas flows down, and the sensible heat of the flue gas and the latent heat of water vapor contained in the flue gas are recovered, and the feed water is heated to obtain heated water. It supplies to a heat exchanger, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<本装置の第1構成例>
本装置の1つの実施態様として、その基本構成の概略を図1に示す(第1構成例)。本装置10は、温水機20とダクト30によって接続され、ダクト30には、温水機20から燃焼排ガスが給送される。本装置10は、熱回収室1と、中和槽2と、排出部3と、を有する一方、温水機20は、燃焼室4と、減圧蒸気室5と、ダクト30と、を有する。
<First configuration example of the apparatus>
As an embodiment of the present apparatus, an outline of the basic configuration is shown in FIG. 1 (first configuration example). The apparatus 10 is connected to a hot water machine 20 by a duct 30, and combustion exhaust gas is fed to the duct 30 from the hot water machine 20. The apparatus 10 includes a heat recovery chamber 1, a neutralization tank 2, and a discharge unit 3, while the water heater 20 includes a combustion chamber 4, a decompression steam chamber 5, and a duct 30.

ここで、ダクト30が熱回収室1の上部に接続され、給送された燃焼排ガスを熱回収室1の上部から下部に流下させた状態で、熱回収室1に設けられた熱交換部(フィン水管)内部に供給水を下部から上部に流通させて給送された燃焼排ガスと熱交換し、燃焼排ガスの顕熱および該燃焼排ガス中に含まれる水蒸気の潜熱を回収する。加温された供給水は、加温水として温水機20の減圧蒸気室5に設けられた熱交換器に供給され、給湯用や暖房用等の給温水となる。熱エネルギーの循環系を形成する燃焼排ガスと加温水の加温機能によって、回収された廃熱を温水機の熱源として利用し、温水機の熱効率を向上させることができる。   Here, the duct 30 is connected to the upper part of the heat recovery chamber 1, and the fed exhaust gas is allowed to flow from the upper part to the lower part of the heat recovery chamber 1, so that the heat exchange unit ( Heat is exchanged with the combustion exhaust gas fed through the supply water from the lower part to the upper part, and the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas and the latent heat of the water vapor contained in the combustion exhaust gas are recovered. The heated supply water is supplied to the heat exchanger provided in the decompression steam chamber 5 of the water heater 20 as warm water, and becomes hot water supply for hot water supply or heating. With the heating function of the combustion exhaust gas and the heated water forming the thermal energy circulation system, the recovered waste heat can be used as a heat source of the water heater, and the thermal efficiency of the water heater can be improved.

〔熱回収装置〕
本装置10は、図2(A)に例示するように、熱回収室1、中和槽2、排出部3から構成される。本装置10には、ダクト30によって給送された燃焼排ガスが、熱回収室1の上部から導入される。熱回収室1には、内部に供給水が流通する複数段かつ複数列設置したフィン水管1bからなる熱回収器1aが備えられる。中和槽2は、熱回収室1の下部に配置され、凝縮水を回収し中和処理する。排出部3は、熱回収室1から流下した燃焼排ガスが中和槽2の表面で折り返すように上昇させる構成が好ましい。流下によって低温化を促進し、中和槽2表面との接触によってガス中の酸性成分が処理された燃焼排ガスとして排出することができる。
[Heat recovery device]
The apparatus 10 includes a heat recovery chamber 1, a neutralization tank 2, and a discharge unit 3, as illustrated in FIG. The combustion exhaust gas fed by the duct 30 is introduced into the apparatus 10 from the upper part of the heat recovery chamber 1. The heat recovery chamber 1 is provided with a heat recovery device 1a including fin water pipes 1b installed in a plurality of stages and a plurality of rows through which supply water circulates. The neutralization tank 2 is arrange | positioned at the lower part of the heat recovery chamber 1, collect | recovers condensed water, and neutralizes. The exhaust unit 3 is preferably configured to raise so that the combustion exhaust gas flowing down from the heat recovery chamber 1 is folded back on the surface of the neutralization tank 2. Lowering the temperature can be promoted by flowing down, and it can be discharged as a combustion exhaust gas in which acidic components in the gas are treated by contact with the surface of the neutralization tank 2.

熱回収室1の上部から導入された燃焼排ガスは、フィン水管1bにおいて供給水と熱交換し、冷却されて顕熱を放出するとともに、含有される水蒸気は、その潜熱を放出しながらフィン水管1bの表面で凝縮し凝縮水を形成する。凝縮水は、所定の大きさに拡大した状態で、熱回収室1の上部から流下する燃焼排ガスの流れに沿って落下し、中和槽2に貯留される。このとき、フィン水管1bの表面への水滴の付着は、フィン水管1bの伝熱機能を阻害することから、燃焼排ガスによる水滴の落下を促進する機能は、本装置10の熱効率向上に対して有効である。多くの水分が除去された燃焼排ガスは、減温処理および酸性成分の除去処理をされた清浄ガスとして排出部3から排出される。中和槽2に貯留された凝縮水は、所定量貯留後あるいは連続的にpH調整剤によって中和処理された後、系外に排出される。なお、本装置10は、導入された燃焼排ガスを清浄化されたガスと液体をして排出する自己完結処理型の装置を構成するが、別途中和処理や排出処理の機能を、系外の装置において行なうことも可能である。   The combustion exhaust gas introduced from the upper part of the heat recovery chamber 1 exchanges heat with the supply water in the fin water pipe 1b, and is cooled to release sensible heat. The contained water vapor releases the latent heat while the fin water pipe 1b. Condensed on the surface of the water to form condensed water. The condensed water falls along the flow of the combustion exhaust gas flowing down from the upper part of the heat recovery chamber 1 in a state of being enlarged to a predetermined size, and is stored in the neutralization tank 2. At this time, the adhesion of water droplets to the surface of the fin water tube 1b inhibits the heat transfer function of the fin water tube 1b. Therefore, the function of promoting the drop of water droplets from combustion exhaust gas is effective for improving the thermal efficiency of the apparatus 10. It is. The combustion exhaust gas from which much water has been removed is discharged from the discharge unit 3 as a clean gas that has been subjected to a temperature reduction process and a removal process of acidic components. The condensed water stored in the neutralization tank 2 is discharged out of the system after being neutralized by a pH adjusting agent after a predetermined amount of storage or continuously. The device 10 constitutes a self-contained processing type device that discharges the introduced combustion exhaust gas as purified gas and liquid. However, the neutralization processing and exhaust processing functions are separately provided outside the system. It can also be done in the apparatus.

一方、本装置10には、熱回収室1内部のフィン水管1bに供給水が導入され、下部から上部に流通される。流下する燃焼排ガスと向流式熱交換を行なうことによって、効率的な熱交換機能を形成し、凝縮水の発生を促進すると同時に、上述の水滴の落下を促進する機能によって、より低温状態のフィン水管1b下部での供給水の冷却機能を活かすことができる。フィン水管1bは、複数段かつ複数列備えられ、熱回収器1aを構成する。図2(B)に示す平断面図のように、最密充填状に配設することによって、フィン水管1bのフィン表面を有効に活かすことができるとともに、均等に分布された燃焼排ガスの流れを形成し、ショートパスの発生による熱交換効率の低下を防止することができる。   On the other hand, the supply water is introduced into the fin water pipe 1b inside the heat recovery chamber 1 and circulated from the lower part to the upper part of the apparatus 10. By performing counter-current heat exchange with the flue gas that flows down, an efficient heat exchange function is formed, and the generation of condensed water is promoted. The cooling function of the feed water at the lower part of the water pipe 1b can be utilized. The fin water pipe 1b is provided in a plurality of stages and a plurality of rows, and constitutes the heat recovery unit 1a. As shown in the plane cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 (B), the fin surface of the fin water pipe 1b can be effectively utilized by being arranged in a close-packed state, and the flow of the combustion exhaust gas evenly distributed can be utilized. It is possible to prevent the heat exchange efficiency from being lowered due to the occurrence of a short path.

〔温水機〕
温水機20は、燃焼室4と、減圧蒸気室5と、ダクト30とから構成される。燃焼室4には、燃焼バーナ4a、内部に熱媒体が流通し燃焼熱を吸収する複数の水管4b、および燃焼排ガスが排気される排気部4cが備えられる。減圧蒸気室5には、燃焼室4を囲むように隣接し、熱媒体5aが充填された熱媒体槽5b、内部に給温水が流通する熱交換器5c、および減圧手段(図示せず)に接続される減圧部5dが備えられる。ダクト30には、排気部4cからの燃焼排ガスが給送される。給温水は、給湯部5eを介して温水機20から給出される。
[Hot water machine]
The hot water machine 20 includes a combustion chamber 4, a decompression steam chamber 5, and a duct 30. The combustion chamber 4 includes a combustion burner 4a, a plurality of water pipes 4b through which a heat medium flows and absorbs combustion heat, and an exhaust part 4c from which combustion exhaust gas is exhausted. Adjacent to the decompression steam chamber 5 so as to surround the combustion chamber 4, a heat medium tank 5 b filled with the heat medium 5 a, a heat exchanger 5 c through which the hot water is circulated, and decompression means (not shown). A decompression unit 5d to be connected is provided. The combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust part 4 c is fed to the duct 30. Hot water is supplied from the hot water machine 20 through the hot water supply section 5e.

温水機20では、燃焼室4において、別途供給された燃料と燃焼空気(図示せず)が燃焼バーナ4aにおいて燃焼反応を生じ、発熱反応による熱エネルギーの放射と高温の火炎4dを発生させる。これらの燃焼熱は、複数の水管4b内を流通する熱媒体5aによって吸収されるとともに、燃焼室4を囲むように隣接した熱媒体5aによって吸収される。つまり、燃焼室4の上下左右を囲むように伝熱性の高い材料を使用した熱媒体槽5bが配設され、複数の水管4b内部と連通して熱媒体5aが充填されている。従って、火炎4dの燃焼熱は、主として水管4bを介して吸収され、火炎4dの燃焼熱の一部および放射熱エネルギーは、伝熱性の高い材料を介して吸収される。燃焼反応によって発生した燃焼排ガスは、減温されて排気部4cから排気され、ダクト30に給送される。   In the water heater 20, in the combustion chamber 4, separately supplied fuel and combustion air (not shown) cause a combustion reaction in the combustion burner 4a, generating thermal energy radiation by the exothermic reaction and a high-temperature flame 4d. These combustion heats are absorbed by the heat medium 5 a that circulates in the plurality of water tubes 4 b, and are also absorbed by the heat medium 5 a adjacent to surround the combustion chamber 4. That is, the heat medium tank 5b using a material having high heat conductivity is provided so as to surround the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the combustion chamber 4, and the heat medium 5a is filled in communication with the inside of the plurality of water pipes 4b. Therefore, the combustion heat of the flame 4d is mainly absorbed through the water pipe 4b, and a part of the combustion heat of the flame 4d and the radiant heat energy are absorbed through a material having high heat conductivity. The combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion reaction is reduced in temperature, exhausted from the exhaust part 4 c, and fed to the duct 30.

減圧蒸気室5には、熱媒体槽5bの上層を減圧条件(例えば−3kPa〜−5kPa)に維持された空間が設けられ、該空間に内部に給温水が流通する熱交換器5cが配設される。上記のように、燃焼室4で発生した燃焼熱の多くは、熱媒体5aに吸収される。熱媒体5aは、通常市水等の水が利用される。このとき、熱媒体槽5bおよび水管4bの内部の温度には、殆どバラツキがないことが確認されている。燃焼室4との隔壁での伝熱効果と水管4bの内部を含む熱媒体5aの対流効果によるものである。また、減圧蒸気室5では、減圧条件における熱媒体の温度を通常75〜85℃に加熱した状態(減圧沸騰した状態)で維持され、熱媒体5aに吸収された燃焼熱は、減圧条件下の飽和蒸気を介して熱交換器5cに伝達される。熱交換器5c内部には、予め熱回収室1において加温された加温水が流通しており、75〜85℃に加熱され給温水となる。   The decompression steam chamber 5 is provided with a space in which the upper layer of the heat medium tank 5b is maintained under decompression conditions (for example, −3 kPa to −5 kPa), and a heat exchanger 5c through which the hot water is circulated is disposed in the space. Is done. As described above, most of the combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber 4 is absorbed by the heat medium 5a. As the heat medium 5a, water such as city water is usually used. At this time, it has been confirmed that there is almost no variation in the temperature inside the heat medium tank 5b and the water pipe 4b. This is due to the heat transfer effect at the partition wall with the combustion chamber 4 and the convection effect of the heat medium 5a including the inside of the water pipe 4b. Further, in the reduced pressure steam chamber 5, the temperature of the heat medium in the reduced pressure condition is normally maintained in a state heated to 75 to 85 ° C. (a state where the reduced pressure is boiled), and the combustion heat absorbed by the heat medium 5a is reduced under the reduced pressure condition. It is transmitted to the heat exchanger 5c via saturated steam. Warm water preheated in the heat recovery chamber 1 circulates inside the heat exchanger 5c and is heated to 75 to 85 ° C. to become hot water supply.

ここで、温水機20は、減圧蒸気室5に、図1に例示した給湯用の熱交換器5cを1基配設した構成の他、例えば、図3(A)に例示した給湯用と暖房用といった用途の異なる(従って使用温度も異なる)2基の熱交換器5c,5fを配設した構成や、図3(B)に例示した2つの使用温度の異なる給湯用の2基の熱交換器5c,5gを配設した構成なども可能である。   Here, the hot water machine 20 has a configuration in which one hot water supply heat exchanger 5c illustrated in FIG. 1 is disposed in the decompression steam chamber 5, for example, hot water supply and heating illustrated in FIG. The configuration in which two heat exchangers 5c and 5f having different uses (and therefore the use temperature is different) are arranged, and two heat exchanges for hot water supply having two different use temperatures illustrated in FIG. A configuration in which the containers 5c and 5g are provided is also possible.

図3(A)に例示する構成のように、減圧蒸気室5に給湯用の熱交換器5cと暖房用の熱交換器5fを配設し、暖房用のように温水の循環使用ができる場合には、給湯用の熱交換器5cについて、図1に例示した構成と同様、上記の温水機20の機能を利用できる。このとき、暖房用の温水(熱媒体)は、熱交換器5fによって75〜85℃に加熱され、暖房機等に給送された後、低温状態で循環水として再度熱交換器5fに供給される。給湯用の熱交換器5cに供給される加温水の供給流路とは、機能的にも全く独立している。   When the heat exchanger 5c for hot water supply and the heat exchanger 5f for heating are arranged in the decompression steam chamber 5 as in the configuration illustrated in FIG. For the heat exchanger 5c for hot water supply, the function of the water heater 20 can be used as in the configuration illustrated in FIG. At this time, warm water (heat medium) for heating is heated to 75 to 85 ° C. by the heat exchanger 5f and fed to the heater or the like, and then supplied again to the heat exchanger 5f as circulating water in a low temperature state. The The heating water supply flow path supplied to the hot water supply heat exchanger 5c is also completely independent of the function.

また、図3(B)に例示する構成のように、2つの使用温度の異なる給湯用の2基の熱交換器5c,5gを配設した場合には、加温水が分岐され(流路B1,B2)、各熱交換器5c,5gに供給される。各給温水の使用条件が類似するものであれば、上記の温水機20の機能を利用できる。給温水の使用条件が異なる場合には、個々の熱交換器5c,5gに供給される加温水について、別途図1に示した構成と同様の構成を設ける必要がある。   Further, as in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3B, when two heat exchangers 5c and 5g for hot water supply having different operating temperatures are provided, the heated water is branched (flow path B1). , B2), and supplied to the heat exchangers 5c, 5g. If the use conditions of each hot water are similar, the function of the hot water machine 20 can be used. When the use conditions of the hot water are different, it is necessary to provide the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 1 for the warm water supplied to the individual heat exchangers 5c and 5g.

〔本装置の給水機能〕
本装置10には、給水ポンプ6によって供給水が圧送され、温水機20には、本装置10の熱回収室1において加温された加温水が給送され、所望の温度に加熱された給温水として供出される。つまり、燃焼排ガスによる温水機20から本装置10への熱移動と同時に、加温水による本装置10から温水機20への熱移動が行なわれる。このとき、供給水の供給量は、給水ポンプ6による昇圧および絞り弁7によって調整される。また供給水として使用する水は、通常市水等を用いることができる。
[Water supply function of this device]
Supply water is pumped to the apparatus 10 by a feed water pump 6, and warm water heated in the heat recovery chamber 1 of the apparatus 10 is supplied to the hot water machine 20 and heated to a desired temperature. Served as hot water. That is, simultaneously with the heat transfer from the hot water machine 20 to the present apparatus 10 by the combustion exhaust gas, the heat transfer from the present apparatus 10 to the hot water machine 20 by the heated water is performed. At this time, the supply amount of the supply water is adjusted by the pressure increase by the water supply pump 6 and the throttle valve 7. Moreover, the city water etc. can be used for the water used as supply water.

このとき、熱回収室1の上部、排気部4c、熱媒体槽5bのいずれかあるいはそのいくつかに温度検出器を設け、それぞれの予め設定された温度を指標に、供給水の流量あるいは供給流路を制御することが好ましい。具体的には、図1に例示するように、熱回収室1の上部として熱回収室1から供出された加温水の温度を検出する温度検出器S1、排気部4cからの燃焼排ガスの温度を検出する温度検出器S2、熱媒体槽5b内の熱媒体5aの温度を検出する温度検出器S3が該当する。例えば、給温水の供給温度を約75〜85℃で制御された場合、供給水の温度を約20〜30℃とすれば、加温水の温度は約40〜50℃が適切であり、燃焼排ガスの温度は100℃以下、好ましくは80〜90℃が適切であり、熱媒体5aの温度は給温水の供給温度とほぼ同じである。これらの温度は、各々他の装置の水温やガス温度と密接な関係を有し、相互に関連することから、予めその相関関係が把握できる場合には、代表する1または2の温度検出器を設置することができる。このような特定箇所の水温やガス温度をモニタすることによって、システム全体の管理が可能であることを見出したものであり、こうした指標を基に、供給水の流量あるいは供給流路を制御することによって、本装置10および温水機20の適正な稼動状態を確保することができる。   At this time, a temperature detector is provided in any one or some of the upper part of the heat recovery chamber 1, the exhaust part 4c, the heat medium tank 5b, and the flow rate or the supply flow of the supply water using the preset temperature as an index. It is preferable to control the path. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a temperature detector S <b> 1 that detects the temperature of heated water supplied from the heat recovery chamber 1 as an upper portion of the heat recovery chamber 1, and the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust unit 4 c The temperature detector S2 to detect and the temperature detector S3 to detect the temperature of the heat medium 5a in the heat medium tank 5b correspond to this. For example, when the supply temperature of the hot water is controlled at about 75 to 85 ° C., if the temperature of the supply water is about 20 to 30 ° C., the temperature of the warm water is appropriately about 40 to 50 ° C., and the combustion exhaust gas The temperature is 100 ° C. or less, preferably 80 to 90 ° C., and the temperature of the heat medium 5a is substantially the same as the supply temperature of the hot water. Each of these temperatures has a close relationship with the water temperature and gas temperature of other devices, and since they are related to each other, if the correlation can be grasped in advance, the representative temperature detector 1 or 2 is used. Can be installed. We have discovered that monitoring the water temperature and gas temperature at such a specific location makes it possible to manage the entire system. Based on these indicators, we can control the flow rate of the supply water or the supply flow path. Thus, it is possible to ensure an appropriate operating state of the device 10 and the water heater 20.

<本装置の第2構成例>
本装置10は、上記第1構成例に代え、図4に例示するような給水機能を有する構成とすることができる(第2構成例)。本装置10における効率的な熱回収は、燃焼排ガスによる温水機20から本装置10への熱移動と、加温水による本装置10から温水機20への熱移動のバランスにより成立する。このとき、いずれか一方が過熱量となれば、各装置の機能低下や損傷等を生じる可能性がある。こうした不測の場合の防止するために、具体的には、温水機20および本装置10に供給水を導入する流路Aを設け、流路Aを温水機20に給水する流路Bと本装置10に給水する流路Cに分岐し、流路Bにおいて、真空式温水機に給水する流路に設けられた分岐路Baに流路Cの末端を接続し、本装置10から供出された加温水を温水機20へ給水可能な構成を有するとともに、流路A−流路Bの接続と流路A−流路Cの接続の切換えを行う切換弁Vaを設けることが好ましい。例えば、燃焼排ガス温度の上昇によって加温水が過熱状態となった場合、温水機20への過熱された加温水の供給は、給温水への燃焼熱の移動熱量を減少させ、燃焼排ガスの更なる温度上昇を招来する可能性がある。本装置10においては、通常流路A−流路Cの接続状態にある切換弁Vaを、流路A−流路Bの接続に切換えることによって、過熱された加温水の温水機20への供給が停止され、供給水を直接温水機20へ供給できることができる。これによって、温水機20への過量の熱移動を防止することができ、温水機20への加温水の供給に伴う燃焼排ガスの更なる温度上昇を未然に防止できる。
<Second configuration example of the apparatus>
The device 10 may be configured to have a water supply function as illustrated in FIG. 4 instead of the first configuration example (second configuration example). Efficient heat recovery in the present apparatus 10 is established by a balance between heat transfer from the hot water machine 20 to the present apparatus 10 by combustion exhaust gas and heat transfer from the present apparatus 10 to the hot water machine 20 by heated water. At this time, if any one of them becomes the amount of overheating, there is a possibility that the function of each device is deteriorated or damaged. In order to prevent such an unexpected situation, specifically, a flow path A for introducing supply water to the hot water machine 20 and the apparatus 10 is provided, and a flow path B for supplying the flow path A to the hot water machine 20 and the present apparatus. 10 is branched to a flow path C that supplies water to the flow path 10, and the flow path B is connected to the branch path Ba provided in the flow path that supplies water to the vacuum hot water machine. It is preferable to provide a switching valve Va for switching the connection between the flow path A and the flow path B and the connection between the flow path A and the flow path C while having a configuration capable of supplying hot water to the hot water machine 20. For example, when the heated water becomes overheated due to an increase in the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas, the supply of the heated water heated to the water heater 20 reduces the amount of heat transferred from the combustion heat to the hot water and further increases the combustion exhaust gas. There is a possibility of causing temperature rise. In this apparatus 10, the switching valve Va in the connection state of the normal flow path A and the flow path C is switched to the connection of the flow path A and the flow path B to supply overheated warm water to the hot water machine 20. Is stopped, and the supply water can be directly supplied to the water heater 20. Thereby, an excessive amount of heat transfer to the hot water machine 20 can be prevented, and further increase in the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas accompanying the supply of warm water to the hot water machine 20 can be prevented.

一方、本装置10への加温水あるいは供給水の供給停止は、一時的に、本装置10での燃焼排ガスからの十分な熱回収ができない可能性がある。しかしながら、以下の機能により、温水機20および本装置10内部の温度・圧力の上昇を防ぎ、正常状態を維持することができる。
(a)温水機20への供給水の供給は、直ちに温水機20の熱交換器5aにおける熱媒体5aから給温水への移動熱量を増加させることができる。
(b)これによって、減圧蒸気室5での気相の熱媒体5aの蒸気圧の低下を生じ、熱媒体槽5bからの熱媒体5aの蒸発が加速されるとともに、熱媒体槽5b中の液相の熱媒体5aの温度が低下する。
(c)液相の熱媒体5aの温度低下は、水管4bの表面温度の低下に繋がる。
(d)水管4bの表面温度の低下は、水管4bへの燃焼熱の移動を促進し、それを介して熱媒体5aへの移動熱量を増加させることができる。
(e)燃焼熱の熱媒体5aへの移動熱量を増加によって、燃料排ガスの温度を低下させることができる。つまり、本装置10への過量の熱移動を防止することができる。
(f)燃料排ガスおよび加温水の温度低下を維持することができた場合には、流路A−流路Bの接続状態にある切換弁Vaを、流路A−流路Cの接続に切換えることによって、通常の運転状態に戻すことができる。
On the other hand, if the supply of heated water or supply water to the apparatus 10 is stopped, there is a possibility that sufficient heat recovery from the combustion exhaust gas in the apparatus 10 may not be temporarily performed. However, the following functions can prevent an increase in temperature and pressure inside the water heater 20 and the apparatus 10 and maintain a normal state.
(A) Supply of supply water to the hot water machine 20 can immediately increase the amount of heat transferred from the heat medium 5a to the hot water in the heat exchanger 5a of the hot water machine 20.
(B) As a result, the vapor pressure of the vapor-phase heat medium 5a in the reduced-pressure steam chamber 5 is reduced, the evaporation of the heat medium 5a from the heat medium tank 5b is accelerated, and the liquid in the heat medium tank 5b The temperature of the phase heat medium 5a decreases.
(C) The temperature drop of the liquid-phase heat medium 5a leads to a drop in the surface temperature of the water pipe 4b.
(D) The decrease in the surface temperature of the water pipe 4b promotes the movement of combustion heat to the water pipe 4b, and through this, the amount of heat transferred to the heat medium 5a can be increased.
(E) The temperature of the fuel exhaust gas can be lowered by increasing the amount of heat transferred from the combustion heat to the heat medium 5a. That is, an excessive amount of heat transfer to the apparatus 10 can be prevented.
(F) When the temperature reduction of the fuel exhaust gas and the heated water can be maintained, the switching valve Va in the connection state of the flow path A and the flow path B is switched to the connection of the flow path A and the flow path C. Thus, the normal operation state can be restored.

また、第2構成例にあっては、流路Cにおいて、本装置10に給水するまでの流路に設けられた分岐路Caに流路Dが接続され、流路Dに開閉弁Vbが設けられ、流路C内の供給水または加温水の一部を中和槽2に放出可能に構成することが好ましい。上記のように、燃料排ガスの温度上昇によるリスク等に対する固有の未然防止機能を有している一方、本装置10への一時的な供給水の停止および燃焼排ガスの温度上昇は、熱回収器1a内の流路Cの加温水の沸騰を生じる可能性があり、流路C内の供給水または加温水の一部を放出することによって、こうしたリスクを未然に防止し、さらに高い安全性を確保することができる。このとき、流路Cに設けられた絞り弁7は、供給水の流れを、流路Bへの流れを主とするとともに、流路Cにその一部を逆送させて熱回収器1aの熱交換機能を維持させることができる。さらに、以上の機能は、温水機20において給温水が停止状態になった時においても、流路Aを介して流路Cに供給水を供給することによって実行することができることから、熱回収器1aの熱交換機能を維持し、安全性を確保するためにおいても有効である。また、流路Dから放出される供給水または加温水は、中和槽2に貯留され、適宜放出されることが好ましい。中和剤および放出水の清浄に寄与することができる。   In the second configuration example, in the flow path C, the flow path D is connected to the branch path Ca provided in the flow path until water is supplied to the apparatus 10, and the open / close valve Vb is provided in the flow path D. It is preferable that a part of the supply water or heated water in the flow path C is configured to be discharged into the neutralization tank 2. As described above, while having an inherent prevention function against a risk caused by the temperature rise of the fuel exhaust gas, the temporary stop of the supply water to the apparatus 10 and the temperature rise of the combustion exhaust gas are caused by the heat recovery device 1a. There is a possibility that the heated water in the channel C will boil, and by releasing part of the supply water or heated water in the channel C, this risk can be prevented and higher safety can be ensured. can do. At this time, the throttle valve 7 provided in the flow path C mainly feeds the flow of the supplied water to the flow path B, and reverses a part of the flow to the flow path C so that the heat recovery unit 1a The heat exchange function can be maintained. Further, the above function can be executed by supplying the supply water to the flow path C through the flow path A even when the hot water in the hot water machine 20 is stopped. It is also effective in maintaining the heat exchange function of 1a and ensuring safety. Moreover, it is preferable that the supply water or warm water discharged | emitted from the flow path D is stored in the neutralization tank 2, and is discharge | released suitably. It can contribute to the cleaning of the neutralizing agent and discharged water.

<本装置を用いた熱回収方法>
次に、本装置10を用いた熱回収方法を、各装置における熱エネルギーの授受・収支を主に詳述する。本装置10において、以下の操作が行なわれ、温水機20からの燃焼排ガスの熱エネルギーを効果的に回収することができる。操作は、制御器(図示せず)によって自動的に行なわれる。図1に例示された第1構成例を基に説明する。
<Heat recovery method using this device>
Next, the heat recovery method using the present apparatus 10 will be described in detail mainly on the transfer and balance of thermal energy in each apparatus. In the present apparatus 10, the following operation is performed, and the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas from the hot water machine 20 can be effectively recovered. The operation is automatically performed by a controller (not shown). A description will be given based on the first configuration example illustrated in FIG.

〔第1構成例における操作〕
(1)本装置および温水機の起動
予め減圧部5dから減圧手段(図示せず)によって減圧蒸気室5内部を所定圧力まで減圧しておく。温水機20の燃焼バーナ4aへの燃料および助燃空気の供給を行うと同時に着火して、本装置10および温水機20を起動する。
[Operation in First Configuration Example]
(1) Start-up of the apparatus and the water heater The pressure inside the vacuum steam chamber 5 is reduced to a predetermined pressure from the pressure reducing unit 5d by a pressure reducing means (not shown) in advance. At the same time as supplying fuel and auxiliary combustion air to the combustion burner 4a of the water heater 20, the apparatus 10 and the water heater 20 are started.

(2)本装置への供給水の供給
排気部4cあるいは熱媒体槽5bの温度上昇が確認できると同時に、給水ポンプ6を駆動させ、供給水を本装置10に供給する。これらの温度は、必ずしも直接検出する必要はなく、本装置10の熱回収室1の上部の加温水の温度上昇によって確認できる場合には略することができる。
(2) Supply water to the apparatus The supply exhaust section 4c or the heat medium tank 5b can be confirmed to rise in temperature, and at the same time, the feed water pump 6 is driven to supply the supply water to the apparatus 10. These temperatures do not necessarily need to be detected directly, and can be omitted if they can be confirmed by the temperature rise of the heated water in the upper part of the heat recovery chamber 1 of the apparatus 10.

(3)本装置での燃焼排ガスとの熱交換
温水機20からの燃焼排ガスと、本装置10に設けられたフィン水管1b中の供給水が向流的に熱交換される。燃焼排ガスは冷却され、含有する水分がフィン水管1bの表面で凝縮され水滴を生じさせる。これによって、燃焼排ガス中の熱エネルギーである顕熱および潜熱を回収することができる。供給水は回収されたエネルギーによって加温され、加温水として供出される。フィン水管1b表面の凝縮水は、上方からの燃焼排ガスの流れによって排除され、熱交換効率が維持される。
(3) The combustion exhaust gas from the heat exchange water heater 20 with the combustion exhaust gas in this apparatus and the supply water in the fin water pipe 1b provided in this apparatus 10 are heat-exchanged countercurrently. The combustion exhaust gas is cooled, and the contained water is condensed on the surface of the fin water pipe 1b to generate water droplets. Thereby, sensible heat and latent heat, which are thermal energy in the combustion exhaust gas, can be recovered. The supplied water is heated by the recovered energy and supplied as heated water. The condensed water on the surface of the fin water pipe 1b is removed by the flow of the combustion exhaust gas from above, and the heat exchange efficiency is maintained.

(4)温水機での給温水の作製
本装置10から給送された加温水が、温水機20の減圧蒸気室5に導入され、熱交換器5cにおいて減圧状態の気相熱媒体5bと熱交換され、熱媒体5bとほぼ同温度の給温水を作製することができる。熱を奪われた気相熱媒体5bは、熱交換器5c表面で液化し、熱媒体槽5aに滴下する。気相熱媒体5bの減少熱量は、循環系を構成する熱媒体槽5aから蒸発した気相熱媒体5bで補充される。熱媒体槽5aにおける減少熱量は、熱媒体槽5a周囲および水管4bから燃焼室4において発生する燃焼熱で補充される。
(4) Production of hot water in the hot water machine Heated water fed from the main device 10 is introduced into the reduced pressure steam chamber 5 of the hot water machine 20, and the reduced pressure vapor phase heat medium 5b and the heat in the heat exchanger 5c. It is exchanged and hot water having substantially the same temperature as the heat medium 5b can be produced. The vapor phase heat medium 5b deprived of heat is liquefied on the surface of the heat exchanger 5c and dropped into the heat medium tank 5a. The reduced heat quantity of the gas phase heat medium 5b is supplemented with the gas phase heat medium 5b evaporated from the heat medium tank 5a constituting the circulation system. The amount of reduced heat in the heat medium tank 5a is supplemented with combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber 4 from the periphery of the heat medium tank 5a and the water pipe 4b.

こうした、熱エネルギーの流れによって、安定した給温水の供給ができるとともに、以上の熱回収方法を用いることによって、温水機20からの燃焼排ガス中の熱エネルギーである顕熱および潜熱を本装置10において効率のよく回収することができる。   Such a flow of thermal energy enables stable supply of hot water, and by using the above heat recovery method, sensible heat and latent heat, which are thermal energy in the combustion exhaust gas from the water heater 20, are used in the present apparatus 10. It can be recovered efficiently.

〔第2構成例における操作〕
また、本装置10の第2構成例においては、燃料排ガスあるいは加温水の温度が予め設定された温度以上に上昇した場合、以下の操作が行なわれ、上記第1構成例と同様に、温水機20からの燃焼排ガスの熱エネルギーを効果的に回収することができる。図4に例示された構成を基に説明する。
[Operation in Second Configuration Example]
Further, in the second configuration example of the present apparatus 10, when the temperature of the fuel exhaust gas or warming water rises above a preset temperature, the following operation is performed, and the hot water machine is similar to the first configuration example. The thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas from 20 can be effectively recovered. Description will be made based on the configuration illustrated in FIG.

(1)設定温度を超える給温水の温度,燃料排ガスあるいは加温水の温度の検知
温度検出器S1による加温水の温度の検出、温度検出器S2による排気部4cからの燃焼排ガスの温度の検出、温度検出器S3による熱媒体5a(給温水)の温度の検出、のいずれかあるいはそのいくつかを行う。特に設定温度を超える場合には、既述のような本装置10と温水機20との間における熱移動のバランスがずれ、いずれか一方が過熱量となっている可能性がある
(1) Detection of temperature of hot water exceeding set temperature, temperature of fuel exhaust gas or temperature of warm water, detection of temperature of warm water by temperature detector S1, detection of temperature of combustion exhaust gas from exhaust section 4c by temperature detector S2, One or some of detection of the temperature of the heat medium 5a (hot water) is performed by the temperature detector S3. In particular, when the temperature exceeds the set temperature, the balance of heat transfer between the apparatus 10 and the hot water machine 20 as described above may be off, and either one may be overheated.

(2)温水機への加温水の供給の停止
本装置10と温水機20との間における熱移動のバランスがずれた場合(燃焼排ガスあるいは加温水の温度上昇)、切換弁Vaを操作し、温水機20への加温水の供給を停止し、熱交換器5cからの温水機20への過量の熱移動を防止する。同時に、供給水を直接温水機20に供給し、温水機20に供給する熱量を減少させ、温水機20から供出する熱量(燃焼排ガスの温度)を減少させる。
(2) Stopping the supply of warm water to the hot water machine When the balance of heat transfer between the apparatus 10 and the hot water machine 20 is off (increase in temperature of combustion exhaust gas or warm water), the switching valve Va is operated, The supply of warm water to the hot water machine 20 is stopped, and an excessive amount of heat transfer from the heat exchanger 5c to the hot water machine 20 is prevented. At the same time, the supplied water is directly supplied to the hot water machine 20, the amount of heat supplied to the hot water machine 20 is reduced, and the amount of heat supplied from the hot water machine 20 (temperature of combustion exhaust gas) is reduced.

(3)本装置からの供給水または加温水の放出
開閉弁Vbを操作し、流路Cに流通した供給水または加温水を本装置10に設けられた中和槽2に放出する。温水機20に供給水または加温水が供給されないときは、熱回収器1a内の流路Cの加温水の沸騰を回避することができる。温水機20に供給水が供給されたときは、供給水の一部が熱回収器1a内の流路Cにも供給されることから、熱回収器1aの熱交換機能を維持することができる。
(3) The supply / warm water discharge opening / closing valve Vb from the apparatus is operated to discharge the supply water or warm water circulated through the flow path C to the neutralization tank 2 provided in the apparatus 10. When supply water or warm water is not supplied to the hot water machine 20, boiling of warm water in the flow path C in the heat recovery device 1a can be avoided. When the supply water is supplied to the hot water machine 20, a part of the supply water is also supplied to the flow path C in the heat recovery device 1a, so that the heat exchange function of the heat recovery device 1a can be maintained. .

上記の通り、本装置10は、装置上部から流下する燃焼排ガスと複数設置されたフィン水管を上昇する供給水との効率的な熱交換機能、流下するガス流によるフィン水管の表面に発生する凝縮水の排除機能、および回収した熱エネルギーによる温水機20の給温水の加温機能を有するとともに、加温水の温度が予め設定された温度以上に上昇した場合等のリスクを回避することもできる。   As described above, the present apparatus 10 has an efficient heat exchange function between the combustion exhaust gas flowing down from the upper part of the apparatus and the feed water rising up the plurality of fin water pipes, and the condensation generated on the surface of the fin water pipe due to the flowing gas flow In addition to having a function of removing water and a function of heating hot water supplied from the hot water machine 20 using the recovered thermal energy, it is possible to avoid risks such as when the temperature of the heated water rises above a preset temperature.

10 熱回収装置(本装置)
20 真空式温水機(温水機)
30 ダクト
1 熱回収室
1a 熱回収器
1b フィン水管
2 中和槽
3 排出部
4 燃焼室
4a 燃焼バーナ
4b 水管
4c 排気部
4d 火炎
5 減圧蒸気室
5a 熱媒体
5b 熱媒体槽
5c,5f,5g 熱交換器
5d 減圧部
5e 給湯部
6 給水ポンプ
7 絞り弁
A〜D,B1,B2 流路
Ba 分岐路
S1〜S3 温度検出器
Va 切換弁
Vb 開閉弁
10 Heat recovery device (this device)
20 Vacuum water heater (warm water heater)
30 Duct 1 Heat recovery chamber 1a Heat recovery device 1b Fin water pipe 2 Neutralization tank 3 Discharge section 4 Combustion chamber 4a Combustion burner 4b Water pipe 4c Exhaust section 4d Flame 5 Decompressed steam chamber 5a Heat medium 5b Heat medium tank 5c, 5f, 5g Exchanger 5d Pressure reducing part 5e Hot water supply part 6 Water supply pump 7 Throttle valves A to D, B1, B2 Flow path Ba Branch paths S1 to S3 Temperature detector Va Switching valve Vb Open / close valve

Claims (2)

真空式温水機から燃焼排ガスが給送されるダクトの一端部で、該真空式温水機と接続する熱回収装置であって、
前記真空式温水機が、燃焼バーナ、内部に熱媒体が流通し燃焼熱を吸収する複数の水管および燃焼排ガスの排気部が備えられた燃焼室と、該燃焼室を囲むように隣接し前記熱媒体が充填された熱媒体槽、内部に給温水が流通する熱交換器および減圧手段に接続される減圧部が備えられた減圧蒸気室と、該給温水が供出される給湯部と、前記排気部からの燃焼排ガスが給送されるダクトと、を有し、
前記熱回収装置が、内部に供給水が流通する複数段かつ複数列設置したフィン水管からなる熱回収器を備えた熱回収室と、該熱回収室の下部に配置され凝縮水を回収し中和処理する中和槽と、処理された燃焼排ガスが排出される排出部と、を有し、
前記ダクトが前記熱回収室の上部に接続され、給送された燃焼排ガスを前記熱回収室の上部から下部に流下させた状態で、前記熱回収器内部に前記供給水を下部から上部に流通させて給送された燃焼排ガスと熱交換し、燃焼排ガスの顕熱および該燃焼排ガス中に含まれる水蒸気の潜熱を回収するとともに、前記供給水が加温され、加温水として前記熱交換器に供給され、前記加温水の温度が予め設定された温度以上に上昇した場合、前記真空式温水機への該加温水の供給を停止し、前記供給水を直接前記真空式温水機に供給し、前記供給水または加温水を前記中和槽に放出することを特徴とする真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収装置。
A heat recovery device connected to the vacuum water heater at one end of a duct to which combustion exhaust gas is fed from the vacuum water heater,
The vacuum water heater includes a combustion burner, a combustion chamber provided with a plurality of water pipes through which a heat medium flows and absorbs combustion heat, and an exhaust section for combustion exhaust gas. The heat chamber is adjacent to and surrounds the combustion chamber. A heat medium tank filled with a medium, a heat exchanger through which hot water is circulated, and a decompression steam chamber provided with a decompression section connected to decompression means; a hot water supply section through which the hot water is supplied; and the exhaust A duct to which combustion exhaust gas from the section is fed,
The heat recovery device is arranged in a heat recovery chamber having a heat recovery device composed of fin water pipes arranged in a plurality of stages and in a plurality of rows through which supply water circulates, and is disposed under the heat recovery chamber to recover condensed water. A neutralization tank for summing treatment, and a discharge part for discharging the treated combustion exhaust gas,
The duct is connected to the upper part of the heat recovery chamber, and the supplied water is circulated from the lower part to the upper part in the heat recovery unit in a state where the fed flue gas flows down from the upper part to the lower part of the heat recovery chamber. Heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas fed to recover the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas and the latent heat of the water vapor contained in the combustion exhaust gas, and the supply water is heated and supplied to the heat exchanger as warm water When the temperature of the heated water rises above a preset temperature, the supply of the heated water to the vacuum hot water machine is stopped, and the supplied water is directly supplied to the vacuum hot water machine, A heat recovery apparatus for exhaust gas from a vacuum hot water machine, wherein the supply water or warm water is discharged into the neutralization tank .
請求項1の熱回収装置を用い、真空式温水機からの燃焼排ガス中の熱エネルギーである顕熱および潜熱を回収する方法であって、
該熱回収装置において、該真空式温水機からの燃焼排ガスと、熱回収装置に設けられたフィン水管中の供給水とを向流的に熱交換させ、加温された該供給水を熱回収装置から加温水として真空式温水機に供給するとともに、前記加温水の温度が予め設定された温度以上に上昇した場合、前記真空式温水機への該加温水の供給を停止し、前記供給水を直接真空式温水機に供給し、前記供給水または加温水を熱回収装置に設けられた燃焼排ガスの凝縮水中和用の中和槽に放出することを特徴とする真空式温水機排ガスの熱回収方法。
A method for recovering sensible heat and latent heat, which is thermal energy in combustion exhaust gas from a vacuum hot water machine, using the heat recovery device of claim 1 ,
In the heat recovery device, the combustion exhaust gas from the vacuum water heater and the supply water in the fin water pipe provided in the heat recovery device are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange, and the heated supply water is heat recovered. When the temperature of the warming water rises to a preset temperature or more as warming water from the apparatus, the supply of the warming water to the vacuum warmer is stopped and the supply water Is directly supplied to a vacuum hot water machine, and the supply water or heated water is discharged to a neutralization tank for neutralizing condensed water of combustion exhaust gas provided in a heat recovery device. Collection method.
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