JP5563806B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Crusher Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP5563806B2
JP5563806B2 JP2009254201A JP2009254201A JP5563806B2 JP 5563806 B2 JP5563806 B2 JP 5563806B2 JP 2009254201 A JP2009254201 A JP 2009254201A JP 2009254201 A JP2009254201 A JP 2009254201A JP 5563806 B2 JP5563806 B2 JP 5563806B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
crushing
blade
screen
rotary blade
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2009254201A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2011098276A (en
Inventor
禎典 高島
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endo Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Endo Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endo Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Endo Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP2009254201A priority Critical patent/JP5563806B2/en
Publication of JP2011098276A publication Critical patent/JP2011098276A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5563806B2 publication Critical patent/JP5563806B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Description

本発明は、街路や庭の手入れ時に生じる生木や雑草、刈草、小枝、草根、植栽の枝葉等長尺の草木を所定のサイズ以下に破砕するのに好適な破砕装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus suitable for crushing long vegetation such as raw trees, weeds, cut grass, twigs, grass roots, planted branches and leaves generated during the maintenance of streets and gardens to a predetermined size or less.

一般に破砕装置は、回転刃と固定刃及び回転刃の下方に設けられたスクリーンとから構成され、破砕対象物を破砕してできた破砕物から所期のサイズ以下の破砕片と所期のサイズを越える破砕物とをスクリーンによって分別しながら破砕を進める装置である。   In general, a crushing device is composed of a rotary blade, a fixed blade, and a screen provided below the rotary blade, and a crushed piece obtained by crushing an object to be crushed and a desired size or less. It is a device that advances the crushing while separating the crushed material exceeding the screen by a screen.

このため、スクリーンの篩穴に目詰りがあると、破砕片の分別が遅れ、破砕処理能力が低下することになり、従来も、このような篩穴の目詰りが生じ易い破砕対象物を扱う分野、例えば、ビニルシート廃棄物の破砕の分野では、破砕装置のスクリーンの目詰りを防止する装置に関して複数の案が提示されている。   For this reason, if there is a clogging in the sieve hole of the screen, the separation of the crushed pieces will be delayed, and the crushing capacity will be reduced. Conventionally, such crushing objects that are easily clogged with such a sieve hole will be handled. In the field, for example, the field of crushing vinyl sheet waste, several proposals have been presented regarding devices for preventing clogging of the crusher screen.

従来の目詰まり防止装置を有する破砕装置は、例えば、廃棄プラスチック等の粗大物を破砕する際に、排出スクリーンの目詰りを防止するとともに排出スクリーンを通過した破砕物に長尺物が含まれることの無い、破砕装置の排出スクリーンを提供するために、破砕装置の排出スクリーンが複数のスクリーン部材を間隔を有して並設することでスリット部を形成し、スリット部がリブにより長さ方向に複数の空間に分割されている排出スクリーンを用いている。このスクリーン部材が固定刃としての機能を有し、リブが固定刃としての機能を有することが望ましいとしている。(例えば、特許文献1参照)   A crushing device having a conventional clogging prevention device, for example, when crushing coarse materials such as waste plastic, prevents clogging of the discharge screen and includes clogged materials that have passed through the discharge screen. In order to provide a discharge screen for the crushing apparatus without a slit, the discharge screen of the crushing apparatus forms a slit portion by arranging a plurality of screen members side by side at intervals, and the slit portion is formed in the length direction by a rib. A discharge screen divided into a plurality of spaces is used. It is desirable that this screen member has a function as a fixed blade and the rib has a function as a fixed blade. (For example, see Patent Document 1)

また、破砕された廃棄物片が排出スクリーンの小孔に引っかかりメッシュの孔を詰まらせるのを強制的に除去し、排出スクリーンからスムースに排出するようにした破砕機を得るために、供給ホッパーの下方に固定刃台と本体フレームの側壁の間に複数の回転刃を有する回転ロータを設け、固定刃台の端には1次破砕用固定刃と回転ロータを中心に対称な位置に2次破砕用固定刃と、回転ロータの下方には回転刃と0又は負の隙間で排出スクリーンを設け、回転刃で廃棄物片を強制的に除去して排出スクリーンの目詰りを防止する1軸破砕機も提案されている。(例えば、特許文献2参照)   In addition, in order to obtain a crusher that forcibly removes crushing waste pieces caught in the small holes of the discharge screen and clogs the holes in the mesh, and smoothly discharges from the discharge screen, A rotary rotor having a plurality of rotary blades is provided below the fixed blade base and the side wall of the main body frame, and secondary crushing is performed at symmetrical positions around the fixed blade for primary crushing and the rotary rotor at the end of the fixed blade base. Single-shaft crusher that prevents the clogging of the discharge screen by forcibly removing the waste pieces with the rotary blade and providing a discharge screen with zero or negative gap below the rotary blade and the rotary rotor Has also been proposed. (For example, see Patent Document 2)

特開2005−262017号公報(第3−第5頁、図1−図4)Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-262017 (page 3-5, FIGS. 1-4) 特開平11−42439号公報(第2−第4頁、図3−図6)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-42439 (2nd to 4th pages, FIGS. 3 to 6)

しかし、従来のこのような破砕装置は、廃棄プラスチック等、破砕するものの物性が比較的同じような、一定の物性を有した粗大物を破砕するときの篩穴の目詰まりを防止する類の破砕装置であり、物性が不揃いな破砕対象物、例えば、街路や庭の手入れ時に生じる生木や雑草、刈草、小枝、植栽の枝葉等の破砕時にもスクリーンの目詰まりを防ぎ、かつ、破砕処理量も大きいという破砕装置はなかった。このような植栽の枝葉等の破砕対象物は、例えば、細長い棒状の枝木、枝葉或いは強靭なセルロース等の繊維性物質等の多様な形状を有している上に、破砕時には、生木の枝葉や刈草等の生体に含まれるヤニや脂質の物質、樹液などの粘性物質を滲出させ、これらが破砕片や破砕粉に混じってスクリーンの篩穴の周りに付着したり穴周辺に絡んで篩穴を塞ぐことも多かったからである。   However, such a conventional crushing device is a type of crushing that prevents clogging of the sieve holes when crushing coarse materials with certain physical properties, such as waste plastic, whose physical properties are relatively similar. This device prevents clogging and prevents crushing of crushing objects with irregular physical properties such as raw trees, weeds, mowing grass, twigs, planted leaves, etc. that occur during the maintenance of streets and gardens. There was no crushing device with a large amount. Such crushed objects such as planted branches and leaves have various shapes such as elongate rod-like branches, branches and leaves, or fibrous materials such as strong cellulose, and at the time of crushing, Leakage, lipid substances, and viscous substances such as sap in living organisms such as branches and leaves of grass are exuded, and these are mixed with crushed pieces and crushed powder and attached around the screen's sieve holes or entangled around the holes. This is because the sieve holes were often blocked.

本発明は、破砕性能に優れかつ製造し易い、特に長尺の草木等の破砕に好適な、破砕装置を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing apparatus that is excellent in crushing performance and easy to manufacture, and that is particularly suitable for crushing long vegetation.

本発明の破砕装置は、
回動自在に支持された破砕ロータと、
該破砕ロータの周面に固定された多数の回転刃と、
この回転刃と協働して破砕対象物を破砕する固定刃と、
所定サイズ以下に破砕された破砕片を通す篩穴を有すると共に破砕ロータの下方周面に沿って延びる細断空間を形成するスクリーンとを備えたものにおいて、
スクリーンは、回転刃の回転移動方向に沿う向きに延びる長穴を回転刃の回転軸線方向に多数併設し、隣り合う長穴と長穴との間が回転刃の刃先に対向するように配設された板材と、前記長穴を分割して篩穴を形成するように前記板材に固定された横リブとを有し、
横リブは、前記板材の前記細断空間外側において複数の長穴を回転刃の回転軸線方向にまたがって延びる基板と、
前記長穴に嵌入されて前記細断空間内に向って前記基板から延びる支持部と、
該支持部に該支持部と一体又は別体に取付けられ前記回転刃と協働する噛合い部をもつ擬似固定刃とから構成されていることを特徴とする。
The crushing device of the present invention is
A crushing rotor supported rotatably,
A number of rotary blades fixed to the peripheral surface of the crushing rotor;
A fixed blade for crushing a crushing object in cooperation with the rotary blade;
A screen having a sieving hole for passing a crushed piece crushed to a predetermined size or less and forming a chopped space extending along the lower peripheral surface of the crushing rotor,
The screen is provided with many elongated holes extending in the direction of the rotational movement of the rotary blade in the rotational axis direction of the rotary blade so that the gap between the adjacent elongated holes faces the blade edge of the rotary blade. is a plate with, and a transverse rib which is fixed to the plate so as to form a sieve holes by dividing the elongated hole,
The lateral rib is a substrate extending across the plurality of elongated holes in the rotational axis direction of the rotary blade outside the shred space of the plate material ,
A support portion that is inserted into the elongated hole and extends from the substrate toward the shredding space;
The support portion is constituted by a pseudo fixed blade having a meshing portion attached to the support portion integrally or separately from the support portion and cooperating with the rotary blade.

本発明の破砕装置において、
前記篩穴のそれぞれが、回転刃の回転移動方向の篩穴の端部に回転刃との噛合部のある擬似固定刃を有していることが好ましい。
In the crushing apparatus of the present invention,
It is preferable that each of the sieve holes has a pseudo fixed blade having a meshing portion with the rotary blade at the end of the sieve hole in the rotational movement direction of the rotary blade.

本発明によれば、スクリーンの製造が容易な破砕装置を提供できる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the crushing apparatus with easy manufacture of a screen can be provided.

また、本発明によれば、スクリーン用の平板に予め形成されている長穴に、この長穴を横断するようにして横リブを取付けるだけなので、形成する篩穴のサイズの調整が容易であるのみならず、スクリーンの補修は、横リブの取り外しや調整や交換のみで実現でき、補修が容易に行える。   In addition, according to the present invention, since the lateral rib is simply attached to the long hole formed in advance on the flat plate for the screen so as to cross the long hole, the size of the sieve hole to be formed can be easily adjusted. Not only that, the screen can be repaired simply by removing, adjusting or replacing the lateral ribs, and can be repaired easily.

また、本発明の好ましい態様によれば、スクリーンの各篩穴の端部もしくは端部側に、回転刃と噛合う擬似固定刃及び/又は固定刃を備えた破砕装置とすることが出来、篩穴付近に滞留する破砕物を回転刃と協働して細断、破砕が進められ、かつ、回転刃の刃先が長穴と長穴との間のスクリーン板部を通るときは、篩穴の周りに絡んだり付着したりする破砕物を除いて、篩穴の目詰りを防ぐので、多様な形状を有したり、樹液等の粘性物質を滲出したり、強靭な繊維性物質を含む生木や刈草、枝葉等の破砕時にも篩穴の目詰りを減じて破砕運転を継続させることができ、破砕処理能力を発揮させることができる。   Further, according to a preferred aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a crushing device provided with a pseudo fixed blade and / or a fixed blade that meshes with a rotary blade at the end or end side of each sieve hole of the screen. When the crushed material staying in the vicinity of the hole is shredded and crushed in cooperation with the rotary blade, and the blade tip of the rotary blade passes through the screen plate part between the elongated hole, It prevents clogging of the sieve holes except for crushed materials that are entangled or adhered to the surroundings, so it has a variety of shapes, exudes viscous materials such as sap, or contains a tough fibrous material When crushing grass, cut grass, branches and leaves, etc., clogging of the sieve holes can be reduced and the crushing operation can be continued, and the crushing capacity can be exhibited.

本発明の好ましい一実施形態に係る破砕装置を示す要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the crushing apparatus which concerns on preferable one Embodiment of this invention. 図1に示す破砕装置の平面図である。It is a top view of the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 本発明の上記実施形態の破砕装置に使用するロータに回転刃を取付ける構造の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the structure which attaches a rotary blade to the rotor used for the crushing apparatus of the said embodiment of this invention. 本発明の上記実施形態の破砕装置のスクリーンの長穴と横リブと回転刃との関係を模式的に示したスクリーンの展開図である。It is the expanded view of the screen which showed typically the relationship between the long hole of a screen of the crushing apparatus of the said embodiment of this invention, a horizontal rib, and a rotary blade. 本発明の上記実施形態の破砕装置のスクリーンと横リブとの関係を模式的に示す図4のA―A断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 4 which shows typically the relationship between the screen and horizontal rib of the crushing apparatus of the said embodiment of this invention. 本発明の上記実施形態の破砕装置のスクリーンと横リブとの関係を模式的に示す図4のB―B断面図である。It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. 4 which shows typically the relationship between the screen of the crushing apparatus of the said embodiment of this invention, and a horizontal rib. 本発明の第二の実施形態に係る破砕装置を示す要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the crushing apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention.

(実施形態)
以下、本発明に係る破砕装置の好ましい一実施形態を図面に基づき説明する。
(Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a crushing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明の破砕装置は、一実施形態として図1及び図2に示すように、破砕対象物の投入に供されるホッパー1と、該ホッパー1の下部に設けられた破砕室2と、破砕室2の下部に取付けられたスクリーン3と、排出シュート4とこれらを収納するハウジング5から破砕装置本体が形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 as an embodiment, the crushing apparatus of the present invention includes a hopper 1 used for charging a crushing object, a crushing chamber 2 provided in a lower portion of the hopper 1, and a crushing chamber. The crushing device main body is formed from a screen 3 attached to the lower part of 2, a discharge chute 4 and a housing 5 for housing them.

破砕室2は、ハウジングを形成する二つの側壁6、6と、二つの端壁7、7とで画成され、二本の破砕ロータ8、9(以下では単にロータともいう)と、この2本のロータ8、9の中間にあってロータに取付け固定された回転刃11と噛合う固定刃12を支えるハウジングと一体の中間板13と、前記固定刃12と対向する位置の側壁6に取付けられた固定刃14とを有している。破砕ロータ8、9は、端壁7に取付けられたベアリング15,16によって回動自在に支持され、その周面には回転刃が相互に離間して取付けられている。破砕室2を形成する側壁6、端壁7の上部は、破砕対象物を取り込むために上方に向かって開口したホッパー1を有し、破砕室2の下方には、破砕された破砕片17を篩い分けるスクリーン3と該スクリーン3から落下した破砕片17を収集トレー27に導く排出シュート4が取付けられている。   The crushing chamber 2 is defined by two side walls 6 and 6 that form a housing, and two end walls 7 and 7. Two crushing rotors 8 and 9 (hereinafter also simply referred to as a rotor), An intermediate plate 13 integrated with a housing that supports a fixed blade 12 that meshes with a rotary blade 11 that is mounted and fixed to the rotor between the rotors 8 and 9, and a side wall 6 that is opposed to the fixed blade 12. And a fixed blade 14. The crushing rotors 8 and 9 are rotatably supported by bearings 15 and 16 attached to the end wall 7, and rotary blades are attached to the peripheral surfaces thereof so as to be separated from each other. The upper part of the side wall 6 and the end wall 7 forming the crushing chamber 2 has a hopper 1 opened upward to take in the object to be crushed, and below the crushing chamber 2 crushed pieces 17 A screen 3 for sieving and a discharge chute 4 for guiding the crushed pieces 17 dropped from the screen 3 to a collection tray 27 are attached.

ロータ8、9は、ベクトルインバータモータなどの電動機20、21により相互に独立した回転方向、回転速度、出力トルクで回転駆動される。これにより、ロータ8、9の外周表面に取付けられた回転刃11は、いずれも、破砕室2から固定刃12、細断空間18を経て固定刃14へ向かうような回転(図1の矢印方向、以下ではこの方向を内側方向ともいう)及び固定刃14側から細断空間18、固定刃12を経て破砕室2へ向かう回転方向(以下ではこの方向を外側方向ともいう)に駆動される。また、破砕ロータ8、9の駆動は、回転刃11にかかる負荷が軽ければ、回転速度を上げたり、破砕負荷が極度に増加したときは、逆方向に回転させて、回転刃11と固定刃12、14との噛合わせを一時的に逆方向にする制御が行なわれる。   The rotors 8 and 9 are rotationally driven by the electric motors 20 and 21 such as a vector inverter motor at mutually independent rotational directions, rotational speeds, and output torques. As a result, the rotary blades 11 attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotors 8 and 9 are all rotated from the crushing chamber 2 to the fixed blade 14 via the fixed blade 12 and the shred space 18 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1). In the following description, this direction is also referred to as the inner direction) and the rotational direction from the fixed blade 14 side toward the crushing chamber 2 through the shred space 18 and the fixed blade 12 (hereinafter this direction is also referred to as the outer direction). Further, the crushing rotors 8 and 9 are driven by increasing the rotation speed if the load applied to the rotary blade 11 is light or rotating in the opposite direction when the crushing load is extremely increased. Control is performed so that the meshing with 12 and 14 is temporarily reversed.

図2に示す45、45は、ロータ8、9と電動機20、21との間に取付けられて、ロータにかかる破砕負荷の大きさを検出するセンサー、例えば、電流計である。制御装置34には、破砕装置に投入された破砕対象物の量に応じたロータの回転制御をするのに必要な各種のデータがメモリ(図示割愛)に予め入力し記録されている。これにより、制御装置34は、ロータ8、9のそれぞれのセンサー45から入力される信号に基づいて、破砕対象物10の性状及び/又は破砕対象物10の量を判断して、投入された破砕対象物10の破砕に最適な制御パターンを制御装置のメモリに予め記憶されている制御パターンの中から選定し、そのパターンの制御値を基準にして各ロータに取付けられている回転刃11の回転速度、回転方向及び/又はトルクが破砕効率の向上に適した値になるように電動機20、21の制御を行う。   Reference numerals 45 and 45 shown in FIG. 2 denote sensors, for example, ammeters, which are attached between the rotors 8 and 9 and the electric motors 20 and 21 and detect the size of the crushing load applied to the rotor. In the control device 34, various data necessary for controlling the rotation of the rotor in accordance with the amount of the object to be crushed inputted into the crushing device are previously input and recorded in a memory (not shown). Thereby, the control apparatus 34 judges the property of the crushing object 10 and / or the amount of the crushing object 10 based on the signals input from the respective sensors 45 of the rotors 8 and 9, and the crushing input. A control pattern optimal for crushing the object 10 is selected from control patterns stored in advance in the memory of the control device, and the rotation of the rotary blades 11 attached to the rotors based on the control value of the pattern is selected. The electric motors 20 and 21 are controlled so that the speed, the rotation direction and / or the torque become values suitable for improving the crushing efficiency.

回転刃11の突出の寸法(回転刃11の刃先の先端がロータ8、9の外周面から突出している高さ)や刃先の形状は、破砕する破砕対象物の性状や大きさに適合した値や形状が選択される。本発明のように、破砕対象物10が、街路や庭の手入れ時に生じる生木や雑草、刈草、小枝、草根、植栽から生じる枝葉等(以下これらを総称して、草根枝葉等ともいう)、嵩張る割に重量が少なく、かつ、樹脂・樹液の成分や細くて強い繊維質を含むような性状の物質の時は、破砕する刃面を増大させ破砕装置の破砕処理能力を上げることができる。   The dimensions of the protrusion of the rotary blade 11 (the height at which the tip of the rotary blade 11 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the rotors 8 and 9) and the shape of the blade edge are values that are suitable for the nature and size of the object to be crushed. And the shape is selected. As in the present invention, the object 10 to be crushed is a raw tree, weed, mowing grass, twig, grass root, planted leaves or the like resulting from planting a street or a garden (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as a grass root branch or the like). In the case of a material that is small but bulky and has properties such as resin and sap components and thin and strong fibers, the crushing capacity of the crushing device can be increased by increasing the crushing blade surface. .

回転刃11の取付けは、ロータ8、9共に同じような取付けなので、ロータ8を基に説明すると、例えば、図3の実施形態における回転刃11は、中央にネジ穴24がある矩形の刃先をロータ8の周面に設けられた補強具22付の窪み23に嵌めこみ、刃先の中央のネジ穴24に補強具22を介してボルト25を螺合することにより、回転刃11を補強具22に固定することができ、これにより、回転刃11は、三角形の刃先がロータ外周から外側に突出するような形で破砕ロータ8に取付けられる。回転刃11の刃先が破損したり摩損したりした時は、ボルト25を外せば、破損をした回転刃11だけを独立して交換できるようになっている。なお、この回転刃の刃先の突出寸法は、後述する細断空間18の厚みと略同じになっている。   The attachment of the rotary blade 11 is the same for both the rotors 8 and 9, and therefore, based on the rotor 8, for example, the rotary blade 11 in the embodiment of FIG. 3 has a rectangular cutting edge with a screw hole 24 in the center. The rotary blade 11 is inserted into the recess 23 with the reinforcing tool 22 provided on the peripheral surface of the rotor 8, and the bolt 25 is screwed into the screw hole 24 in the center of the blade edge via the reinforcing tool 22, thereby the rotating blade 11 is connected to the reinforcing tool 22. Thereby, the rotary blade 11 is attached to the crushing rotor 8 in such a manner that the triangular blade edge protrudes outward from the outer periphery of the rotor. When the cutting edge of the rotary blade 11 is damaged or worn, by removing the bolt 25, only the damaged rotary blade 11 can be replaced independently. In addition, the protrusion dimension of the blade edge | tip of this rotary blade is substantially the same as the thickness of the shredding space 18 mentioned later.

図2に示す本実施形態においては、破砕ロータ8、9に、ロータの周面からの突出量が同じ高さに取付けられた回転刃11が、例えば、38本、ロータ8、9の回転軸方向の全長にわたって、相互に離間し、かつ、隣合う回転刃同士の角度をずらして取付けられ、回転刃11と固定刃12、14とが噛合うことにより、ロータの全長(略破砕室2の全長)にわたって破砕対象物を破砕するようになっている。   In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2, for example, there are 38 rotary blades 11 attached to the crushing rotors 8 and 9 at the same height so that the amount of protrusion from the circumferential surface of the rotor is the rotational shaft of the rotors 8 and 9. The rotary blades 11 and the fixed blades 12 and 14 are engaged with each other, and are separated from each other over the entire length in the direction and shifted from each other. The object to be crushed is crushed over the entire length).

固定刃12は、図1に示すように、二本のロータ8、9の回転軸26を結んだ線Hよりも低い位置において中間板13と重ねて固定刃台35に取付けられ、固定刃14は、回転軸26を結んだ線Hよりも高い位置において側壁6に取付けられている。固定刃12,14は、破砕ロータ8、9が回転する時に、回転刃11の刃先と噛合って破砕物を剪断・破砕する。図2に示す例は、固定刃12,14が、三角形の刃型の刃先をもつ回転刃11と噛合うような山型形状の刃先28をもつ固定刃(以下では山刃型固定刃ともいう)が破砕室2の全長(破砕ロータ8、9の略全長と同じ長さ)にわたって取り付けられている。
この刃先28は、回転刃11と噛合い、協働して破砕対象物10を、切断、剪断、壊断、・・・等種々の破砕機構で破砕(本発明においては、これらの破砕のメカニズムを区別をする必要もないので、特にことわらない限り、以下ではこれらの破砕機構を総称して単に細断ともいう)が行なわれる。
As shown in FIG. 1, the fixed blade 12 is attached to the fixed blade base 35 so as to overlap the intermediate plate 13 at a position lower than the line H connecting the rotary shafts 26 of the two rotors 8 and 9. Is attached to the side wall 6 at a position higher than the line H connecting the rotary shaft 26. When the crushing rotors 8 and 9 rotate, the fixed blades 12 and 14 mesh with the cutting edge of the rotary blade 11 to shear and crush the crushed material. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the fixed blades 12 and 14 have a fixed blade having a chevron-shaped cutting edge 28 that meshes with the rotary blade 11 having a triangular blade shape (hereinafter also referred to as a “mountain blade fixed blade”). ) Is attached over the entire length of the crushing chamber 2 (the same length as that of the crushing rotors 8 and 9).
The cutting edge 28 meshes with the rotary blade 11 and collaborates to crush the crushing object 10 with various crushing mechanisms such as cutting, shearing, breaking, etc. (in the present invention, these crushing mechanisms Therefore, unless otherwise specified, these crushing mechanisms will be collectively referred to simply as shredding).

このような山刃型固定刃12,14の刃先の向きは、ロータ8、9が内側方向に回転するときに回転刃11と噛合う向きであり、ロータ8、9が外側方向に回転するときには、刃の向きが逆となるので、回転刃11の刃先は固定刃12,14の刃先と噛合って協働するものの、いわゆる裁断とか切断する刃という機能よりは、むしろ、回転刃の背面と固定刃の山刃の背面とが噛合うことによる剪断や破砕物を押しつぶすようにして小さく破壊する壊断を主とした破砕が行われたり、内側方向の回転時に、固定刃12,14や回転刃11の刃先に絡んだり、付着したりしている破砕物の残滓の除去をしたりする働きが主となる。   The direction of the edge of such angle blade type fixed blades 12 and 14 is the direction in which the rotors 8 and 9 mesh with the rotary blade 11 when rotating inward, and when the rotors 8 and 9 rotate outward. Since the direction of the blades is reversed, the blade edge of the rotary blade 11 is engaged with the blade edges of the fixed blades 12 and 14 and cooperates, but rather than the function of a so-called cutting or cutting blade, Crushing is performed mainly by breaking by breaking the shredded material by crushing the sheared or crushed material by meshing with the back of the fixed blade's angle blade, or by rotating the fixed blade 12, 14 or rotating The main function is to remove residues of crushed materials that are entangled with or attached to the blade tip of the blade 11.

ロータを駆動する電動機20、21は、制御装置34(図2)に接続され、破砕対象物を破砕する負荷の状況に応じて、全く独立した回転制御が行われる。例えば、それぞれの破砕ロータ8、9は、各破砕ロータが有するセンサー45によって検出される値に応じて、個別に回転方向及び回転速度が制御されたり、いずれかの電動機に供給する電流が定格値を超えたら、いずれの電動機も他方の電動機と関係なく、独立して駆動を一旦停止し或いは逆転させることができる。   The electric motors 20 and 21 for driving the rotor are connected to the control device 34 (FIG. 2), and totally independent rotation control is performed in accordance with the load condition for crushing the crushing object. For example, each of the crushing rotors 8 and 9 is individually controlled in the rotation direction and rotation speed according to the value detected by the sensor 45 included in each crushing rotor, or the current supplied to one of the electric motors is the rated value. If any one of the motors is exceeded, the drive can be stopped or reversed independently independently of the other motor.

二本のロータ8、9の間に設けられた固定刃台35は、後述する山型形状の刃先28が、回転刃11の刃先と正しく噛合う位置に固定刃12を取付けている。即ち、山型固定刃12が固定刃台35に取付けられたとき、固定刃の谷部37の回転軸の軸方向の位置は、図4に示すように、回転刃の刃先の回転によって形成される軌跡Tに一致させた位置を保つようにして固定刃台35に取付けられる。   The fixed blade base 35 provided between the two rotors 8 and 9 has the fixed blade 12 mounted at a position where a chevron-shaped blade edge 28 described later properly meshes with the blade edge of the rotary blade 11. That is, when the angled fixed blade 12 is attached to the fixed blade base 35, the axial position of the rotation axis of the valley 37 of the fixed blade is formed by the rotation of the blade edge of the rotary blade as shown in FIG. It is attached to the fixed blade base 35 so as to keep the position matched with the locus T.

固定刃12、14が、破砕室2全長にわたって回転刃11の刃先と噛合うようにするために、固定刃12、14の長さは実質的に破砕ロータ8、9の長さ(破砕室2の全長)と略同じ長さになっているため、例えば、山型固定刃12を長手方向(ロータ8、9の回転軸方向)に複数に分割して固定刃台35に取付けるときは、破損した箇所の固定刃だけを取外して正常な山刃型の刃先を持つ固定刃に交換することができるので、固定刃12の補修が簡便になり、破砕装置の稼働率を高めることができる。   In order for the fixed blades 12 and 14 to mesh with the cutting edge of the rotary blade 11 over the entire length of the crushing chamber 2, the length of the fixed blades 12 and 14 is substantially the length of the crushing rotors 8 and 9 (the crushing chamber 2). For example, when the mountain-shaped fixed blade 12 is divided into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction (rotational axis direction of the rotors 8 and 9) and attached to the fixed blade base 35, it is damaged. Since only the fixed blade at the place where it is removed can be removed and replaced with a fixed blade having a normal angled blade type tip, repair of the fixed blade 12 is simplified and the operating rate of the crushing device can be increased.

なお、中間板13は、破砕ロータ8と破砕ロータ9との間に位置して、破砕対象物10をロータ8、9の間に支え、破砕対象物10が破砕された後に細断空間18に落下させるようにしている。   The intermediate plate 13 is located between the crushing rotor 8 and the crushing rotor 9, supports the crushing object 10 between the rotors 8 and 9, and enters the shredded space 18 after the crushing object 10 is crushed. I try to drop it.

スクリーン3は、ロータ8、9に取り付けられた回転刃11がロータ8、9の周面から突出する寸法と略同じ寸法の間隔をあけて、破砕ロータ8、9の周面に沿うようにしてロータ8、9の下方に取付けられる。このスクリーン3により、ロータ8、9の下方には、それぞれ固定刃12から固定刃14に至るスクリーン3との間で、中間板13から固定刃12,14に至る間には、半円弧状の細断空間18が形成される。この細断空間18は、回転刃11がロータ8、9の周面から突出する寸法乃至は突出寸法より僅かに大きい寸法の間隔をあけて、固定刃12と噛合って破砕対象物10を破砕した回転刃11が、破砕された破砕物と共に固定刃12から細断空間18に移動できるようにしている。細断空間18では、横リブの支持部43の先端に形成された擬似固定刃19と回転刃11との噛合い、協働作用によって破砕が継続されると同時に、細断空間18で予め企図された所定サイズ以下に破砕された破砕片17は、篩穴39から排出シュート4へ篩い落とされ、残りの破砕物は細断空間18でさらに破砕が進行される。   The screen 3 is arranged so that the rotary blades 11 attached to the rotors 8 and 9 are spaced along the peripheral surface of the crushing rotors 8 and 9 with an interval of approximately the same dimension as the dimension protruding from the peripheral surfaces of the rotors 8 and 9. It is attached below the rotors 8 and 9. The screen 3 has a semicircular arc shape below the rotors 8 and 9 between the intermediate blade 13 and the fixed blades 12 and 14 between the fixed blade 12 and the fixed blade 14. Shred space 18 is formed. The shredding space 18 meshes with the fixed blade 12 and crushes the object 10 to be crushed with an interval of the dimension in which the rotary blade 11 projects from the peripheral surfaces of the rotors 8 and 9 or slightly larger than the projecting dimension. The rotary blade 11 is moved from the fixed blade 12 to the shredding space 18 together with the crushed crushed material. In the shredding space 18, the pseudo fixed blade 19 formed at the front end of the support portion 43 of the lateral rib and the rotary blade 11 continue to be crushed by the meshing and cooperative action. The crushed pieces 17 crushed to a predetermined size or less are sieved off from the sieve hole 39 to the discharge chute 4, and the remaining crushed material is further crushed in the shredding space 18.

図4は、このような本発明の一実施形態である破砕装置のスクリーン3を模式的に展開して示した説明図である。図4において、縦軸は破砕ロータ8、9の幅を示し、横軸は、破砕ロータ8、9の円周方向の長さを示している。鎖線Tは、回転刃の刃先の回転軌跡を示し、他の図と同じ符号を付した機器部品は同じ他の図面の機器部品と同じものを示している。図4では、長穴40は、ロータ8、9の幅方向の全長にわたって延びる2本の横リブ41によって3個の篩穴39に分割されている。横リブ41は、後述するよう複数の支持部43を複数の長穴40に挿入して位置決めをされているので、横リブ41で篩穴39を形成するときは、同時に、支持部の先端に設けられた擬似固定刃19が取付けられ、その結果、形成されたそれぞれの篩穴39の、回転刃の回転軸方向の端部には、擬似固定刃19、19乃至は固定刃12、14のいずれかが設けられることになる。   FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing the screen 3 of the crushing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis indicates the width of the crushing rotors 8 and 9, and the horizontal axis indicates the circumferential length of the crushing rotors 8 and 9. A chain line T indicates the rotation trajectory of the cutting edge of the rotary blade, and device parts having the same reference numerals as those in the other drawings are the same as the device parts in the same other drawings. In FIG. 4, the long hole 40 is divided into three sieve holes 39 by two lateral ribs 41 extending over the entire length in the width direction of the rotors 8 and 9. Since the lateral rib 41 is positioned by inserting a plurality of support portions 43 into the plurality of elongated holes 40 as will be described later, when forming the sieve hole 39 with the lateral rib 41, at the same time, at the tip of the support portion. The provided pseudo fixed blade 19 is attached. As a result, the pseudo fixed blades 19, 19 or the fixed blades 12, 14 of the formed sieve holes 39 are arranged at the ends of the rotary blades in the rotation axis direction. Either one will be provided.

また、図4では、回転刃11の配置も示され、例えば、回転刃11が、ロータの回転軸方向と回転刃の回転移動方向共に、相互に間隔をあけて、かつ、隣合う回転刃同士の角度をずらして配設されている。これにより、破砕室2にある破砕対象物と回転刃11との当りが破砕室2の一方に偏ったり、破砕対象物と刃の干渉による破砕対象物の細断の停滞をしたりする状態を生じないようにすると同時に、破砕運転中は、常に、総ての回転刃11が、破砕室2、固定刃12近傍、細断空間18の擬似固定刃19と対峙する位置、長穴40と長穴40とに挟まれたスクリーン板46の上、固定刃14の近傍にあり、かつ、それぞれの位置にある回転刃11がその位置において破砕作用をしている。   FIG. 4 also shows the arrangement of the rotary blades 11. For example, the rotary blades 11 are spaced apart from each other in both the rotation axis direction of the rotor and the rotational movement direction of the rotary blades, and adjacent rotary blades. Are arranged at different angles. Thereby, the state where the contact between the crushing object in the crushing chamber 2 and the rotary blade 11 is biased to one side of the crushing chamber 2 or the shredding of the crushing object due to the interference between the crushing object and the blade is delayed. At the same time, during the crushing operation, all the rotary blades 11 always face the crushing chamber 2, the fixed blade 12, the position facing the pseudo fixed blade 19 in the shredding space 18, the long hole 40 and the long length. On the screen plate 46 sandwiched between the holes 40, the rotary blades 11 in the vicinity of the fixed blade 14 and at the respective positions are crushing at the positions.

例えば、擬似固定刃19、固定刃12、14のある個所では、これらの固定刃が回転刃11と協働して破砕対象物を細断する。また、長穴40と長穴40とに挟まれたスクリーン板46上においては、スクリーン板46が回転刃11の移動軌跡Tに一致するようにスクリーン3が配設されていることにより、篩穴39付近に付着したり絡まったりして篩穴39を塞ぐような破砕物の残滓を除去したり細断したりして篩穴39における目詰まりを防止する。なお、横リブによる擬似固定刃19の形成については、細断空間の主要部の篩穴の端部だけに擬似固定刃を形成し、細断空間18の端の方(図4の最上端付近及び最下端付近)には、一部、擬似固定刃19が形成されていない場合にも、篩穴39を塞ぐような破砕物の滞留の防止や破砕残滓の除去に支障はなく、篩穴39における目詰まりを実質的に防止する破砕装置が簡単な構成部品と製造の方法で得られる。   For example, at a place where the pseudo fixed blade 19 and the fixed blades 12 and 14 are located, these fixed blades chop the object to be crushed in cooperation with the rotary blade 11. Further, on the screen plate 46 sandwiched between the long hole 40 and the long hole 40, the screen 3 is arranged so that the screen plate 46 coincides with the movement trajectory T of the rotary blade 11. The clogging in the sieve hole 39 is prevented by removing or shredding the residue of crushed material that adheres to or gets tangled in the vicinity of 39 and closes the sieve hole 39. In addition, about formation of the pseudo fixed blade 19 by a horizontal rib, a pseudo fixed blade is formed only in the edge part of the sieve hole of the main part of shredding space, and the direction of the end of shredding space 18 (near the uppermost end of FIG. 4) Even in the case where the pseudo fixed blade 19 is not formed in part, there is no hindrance to the prevention of crushed material retention or removal of the crushing residue that closes the sieve hole 39. A crushing device that substantially prevents clogging in the process is obtained with a simple component and manufacturing method.

スクリーン3は、例えば、破砕ロータの下方に弧状の細断空間18を形成できるような大きさの平板に、平面的にみて図4のような、幅がWの長穴40を多数穿設し、この長穴40の一方の端から長さL毎に横切るような形で、総ての長穴40に直交する横リブ41を取付け、この横リブ41を細断空間となる側とは反対側で平板に固着することにより、各長穴40に所定のサイズの篩穴39、即ち、幅がW、長さがLのサイズの篩穴39を形成し、この平板を、ロータの周面に沿うように円弧状に折り曲げて製造される。 For example, the screen 3 is formed with a plurality of long holes 40 having a width W as shown in FIG. 4 on a flat plate having a size capable of forming an arc-shaped shred space 18 below the crushing rotor. , in a way crosses from one end of the elongated hole 40 for each length L, a mounting lateral rib 41 perpendicular to all of the slot 40, opposite to the side where the transverse rib 41 the shredding space By fixing to the flat plate on the side, a sieve hole 39 of a predetermined size is formed in each elongated hole 40, that is, a sieve hole 39 having a width of W and a length of L is formed. It is manufactured by bending in an arc shape along

このとき、横リブ41に一体に形成された複数の支持部43を複数の長穴40に挿入すると、支持部43によって、横リブ41の取付位置が所定のサイズLに容易に決定されるので、各長穴40に長さがLのサイズの篩穴39が簡単に形成できる。この後、横リブ41の基板42をスクリーンの平板に溶接すると、所定のサイズの篩穴39を有したスクリーンができ上がる。また、支持部43の先端には、回転刃11と噛合うような形をした擬似固定刃19が一体に形成されまたは取付け固定してあるので、上述のようにして支持部43を長穴40に挿入して横リブ41を取付け、篩穴39を形成したときは、それぞれの篩穴39は、幅寸法W、長さ寸法Lのサイズで、かつ、この篩穴39の回転刃の回転移動方向の端部には擬似固定刃19を備えたスクリーンが提供される。   At this time, when the plurality of support portions 43 formed integrally with the lateral rib 41 are inserted into the plurality of elongated holes 40, the mounting position of the lateral rib 41 is easily determined to a predetermined size L by the support portion 43. The sieving holes 39 having a length L can be easily formed in each of the long holes 40. Thereafter, when the substrate 42 of the lateral rib 41 is welded to the flat plate of the screen, a screen having a sieve hole 39 of a predetermined size is completed. In addition, since the pseudo fixed blade 19 shaped so as to mesh with the rotary blade 11 is integrally formed or attached to the tip of the support portion 43, the support portion 43 is attached to the elongated hole 40 as described above. When the horizontal ribs 41 are attached and the sieve holes 39 are formed, each sieve hole 39 has a width dimension W and a length dimension L, and the rotational movement of the rotary blade of the sieve hole 39 A screen with a pseudo fixed blade 19 is provided at the end in the direction.

この横リブ41は、図4乃至図6に示すように、複数の長穴40を横切る基板42と、複数の長穴40に嵌合、長穴40を貫通して細断空間18に延びる支持部43と、前記回転刃11との噛合い部を成すように支持部43の先端部に形成された擬似固定刃19とから構成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the lateral rib 41 is fitted to the substrate 42 that traverses the plurality of elongated holes 40, fits into the plurality of elongated holes 40, and extends to the shred space 18 through the elongated holes 40. It is comprised from the part 43 and the pseudo | simulation fixed blade 19 formed in the front-end | tip part of the support part 43 so that the meshing part with the said rotary blade 11 might be comprised.

横リブ41の支持部43は、所定のサイズの篩穴39を形成するための横リブ41の支持機能と、横リブ41によって形成された篩穴39の端部(回転刃の回転移動方向(回転刃の回転軌跡Tの方向と同じ)の端部)に擬似固定刃19を正確な位置決め、即ち、回転刃11と噛合いをするような関係位置を決めて擬似固定刃19を支持する機能を有している。   The support portion 43 of the horizontal rib 41 includes a support function of the horizontal rib 41 for forming the sieve hole 39 of a predetermined size, and an end portion of the sieve hole 39 formed by the horizontal rib 41 (the rotational movement direction of the rotary blade ( The function of supporting the pseudo-fixed blade 19 by accurately positioning the pseudo-fixed blade 19 at the end) of the rotary blade in the same direction as the rotation trajectory T), that is, determining the relative position to mesh with the rotary blade 11. have.

例えば、基板42に設けられた複数本の支持部43の間隔が複数の長穴40のロータの回転軸の軸方向の間隔(以下では、ロータの回転軸の軸方向を横方向ともいう)と一致する間隔で形成され、このように形成された支持部43を長穴40に嵌合すると、横リブ41は横方向への移動を規制することができるので、このような支持部43を使用して横リブ41をスクリーン3に固着するときは、基板42は、支持部43を冶具にしたと同様な形で横方向の位置決めされて取付けられる。また、上述のような基板42の取り付け時に複数の支持部43を使用して横リブ41をスクリーン3に固着するときは、基板42の回転刃の回転方向の移動は、長穴40をガイドにして任意に動かされるので、破砕する破砕片の大きさに応じた寸法に位置決めをして基板42をスクリーンに溶接すれば、該横リブ41により長穴40を分割して形成される篩穴39は、それぞれ設定した破砕片を篩い分けするサイズの穴に形成される。これにより、横リブに形成された擬似固定刃19は、細断空間18において回転刃11と確実に噛合う位置関係を確保して配設され、かつ、篩穴39は、設定のサイズに形成される。   For example, the interval between the plurality of support portions 43 provided on the substrate 42 is the interval in the axial direction of the rotation axis of the rotor of the plurality of elongated holes 40 (hereinafter, the axial direction of the rotation axis of the rotor is also referred to as the lateral direction). When the support portions 43 formed in such a manner are fitted into the long holes 40, the lateral ribs 41 can be restricted from moving in the lateral direction, and thus such support portions 43 are used. When the lateral rib 41 is fixed to the screen 3, the substrate 42 is positioned and attached in the lateral direction in the same manner as when the support portion 43 is a jig. Further, when the horizontal rib 41 is fixed to the screen 3 using the plurality of support portions 43 when the substrate 42 is attached as described above, the movement of the rotation blade of the substrate 42 in the rotation direction is performed using the elongated hole 40 as a guide. Therefore, if the substrate 42 is welded to the screen after positioning to a size corresponding to the size of the crushed piece to be crushed, a sieve hole 39 formed by dividing the long hole 40 by the lateral rib 41 is provided. Are formed in holes each having a size for sieving the set pieces. As a result, the pseudo fixed blade 19 formed in the lateral rib is disposed so as to ensure a positional relationship with the rotary blade 11 in the shredding space 18 and the sieve hole 39 is formed to a set size. Is done.

このようにして、篩穴39は、回転刃の回転移動方向の端部に固定刃12、14または擬似固定刃19を有し、回転刃11の回転方向が内側方向、外側方向のいずれの回転の場合も、篩穴39の端部で固定刃12及び/又は擬似固定刃19と回転刃11とが噛合い、篩穴39付近に絡む草根枝葉等の破砕対象物を除去したり破砕したりすることができる。   In this way, the sieve hole 39 has the fixed blades 12 and 14 or the pseudo fixed blade 19 at the end of the rotary blade in the rotational movement direction, and the rotary blade 11 rotates either in the inner direction or in the outer direction. In this case, the fixed blade 12 and / or the pseudo fixed blade 19 and the rotary blade 11 mesh with each other at the end of the sieve hole 39 to remove or crush objects to be crushed such as grass root branches and leaves entangled in the vicinity of the sieve hole 39. can do.

なお、これらの基板42と、支持部43と、擬似固定刃19とは、一枚の鉄板で一体にして作るのが簡便であるが、擬似固定刃19を別途に製作して、一体化しても構わない。また、一部の支持部や擬似固定刃19が基板に設けられていない実施形態であっても、実用的には、本発明が目的とする篩穴の目詰り防止をした破砕装置を提供できる。また、横リブの基板42に設けられる支持部43に関して、横リブ41の位置に決めをする支持部43と擬似固定刃19を保持する支持部43とは、それぞれ異なる形状の構造にしても良い。支持部43は、長穴40に嵌合されて横リブ41の横方向の移動がないように位置決めをするために複数、設ければ必要な機能を果たすことができ、他の支持部43は、横リブ41の位置決めでなく、単に擬似固定刃19を篩穴39内に支持するだけの構造であっても、横リブ41の位置決めがされれば、擬似固定刃19が、細断空間18において回転刃11と噛合う構造を実現でき、本発明の目的とする篩穴の目詰り防止を実現した破砕装置を提供できるからである。   In addition, although it is easy to make these board | substrate 42, the support part 43, and the pseudo | simulation fixed blade 19 integrally with one iron plate, the pseudo fixed blade 19 is manufactured separately and integrated. It doesn't matter. Further, even in an embodiment in which some of the support portions and the pseudo fixed blade 19 are not provided on the substrate, the crushing device that prevents clogging of the sieve holes, which is an object of the present invention, can be provided practically. . In addition, regarding the support portion 43 provided on the substrate 42 of the lateral rib, the support portion 43 that determines the position of the lateral rib 41 and the support portion 43 that holds the pseudo fixed blade 19 may have different shapes. . If a plurality of support portions 43 are provided so as to be fitted in the long holes 40 and positioned so that the lateral ribs 41 do not move in the lateral direction, the support portions 43 can perform necessary functions. Even if the structure is such that the pseudo fixed blade 19 is simply supported in the sieve hole 39 instead of the positioning of the lateral rib 41, the pseudo fixed blade 19 can be cut into the shredding space 18 if the lateral rib 41 is positioned. This is because it is possible to provide a crushing apparatus that can realize a structure that meshes with the rotary blade 11 and prevents clogging of the sieve hole, which is the object of the present invention.

また、支持部43および擬似固定刃19は、総ての篩穴39に設ける必要は必ずしもない。例えば、スクリーン中の主要な篩穴で破砕物が詰まったり破砕物を構成する繊維質成分や破砕対象物に含まれる樹脂成分が蓄積されて篩穴を塞ぐのを防止できるような性状の枝葉等を破砕する用途の破砕装置のときは、主要な篩穴、例えば、スクリーンに設けられた篩穴の中で目詰りを起しやすい部分の篩穴については、総ての篩穴39の端部に擬似固定刃19を配設し、目詰りの虞が少ない篩穴や篩穴に絡む破砕物が離脱し易い状態にある篩穴について擬似固定刃が設けられていないスクリーンを用いるときも、本発明の目的とする篩穴の目詰りを実質的に防止した破砕装置を提供することができる。   Further, the support portion 43 and the pseudo fixed blade 19 are not necessarily provided in all the sieve holes 39. For example, the branches and leaves of a property that can prevent clogged material from being clogged in the main sieve holes in the screen or the fiber components constituting the crushed material and the resin components contained in the crushing object from being accumulated to block the sieve holes In the case of a crushing device for crushing the main sieve holes, for example, the sieve holes that are prone to clogging in the sieve holes provided in the screen, the ends of all the sieve holes 39 Even when using a screen that does not have a pseudo fixed blade for a sieve hole in which the pseudo fixed blade 19 is arranged and the screen hole that is less likely to be clogged or the crushed material entangled with the sieve hole is easily removed The crushing apparatus which prevented the clogging of the sieve hole made into the objective of this invention substantially can be provided.

このような本発明の破砕装置について、その働きを説明する。   The function of the crushing apparatus of the present invention will be described.

図1及び図2において、ホッパー1に投入された破砕対象物10は、破砕室2のロータ8、9の回転に伴い横方向(ロータの回転軸方向)に広がりながら、回転刃11によって固定刃12の方へ引き込まれる。ここで、中間板13に移動を妨げられた破砕対象物10は、回転刃11から更に内側回転方向の力を受け、固定刃12と回転刃11との噛合いによって破砕された破砕物は、ロータ8、9や回転刃11から引き続き内側方向の回転力を受けて細断空間18に落下する。   1 and 2, the crushing object 10 put into the hopper 1 spreads in the lateral direction (rotational axis direction of the rotor) with the rotation of the rotors 8 and 9 in the crushing chamber 2, and is fixed by the rotary blade 11. It is drawn toward 12 Here, the crushing object 10 whose movement is prevented by the intermediate plate 13 is further subjected to the force in the inner rotation direction from the rotary blade 11, and the crushed material crushed by the engagement of the fixed blade 12 and the rotary blade 11 is The rotor 8, 9 or the rotary blade 11 continues to receive the rotational force in the inner direction and falls into the shred space 18.

細断空間18の破砕物は、スクリーン3の上を移動しつつ、所定のサイズ以下に破砕された破砕片17は、篩穴39を通り抜け、排出シュート4を経て収集トレー27に落下し、まとめて破砕機の外へ回収される。   While the crushed material in the shredded space 18 moves on the screen 3, the crushed pieces 17 crushed to a predetermined size or less pass through the sieve holes 39, fall on the collection tray 27 through the discharge chute 4, and are summarized. And recovered outside the crusher.

スクリーンの篩穴39を通り抜けないで細断空間18に残った破砕物は、ロータ8、9や回転刃11による内側方向の回転力を受けつつ、擬似固定刃19に至った一部の破砕物は、ここで回転刃11との噛合いによって細断され、所定のサイズ以下に破砕された破砕片は、次の篩穴39、排出シュート4を経て収集トレー27に収集される。   The crushed material remaining in the shredded space 18 without passing through the sieve hole 39 of the screen is subjected to the rotational force in the inner direction by the rotors 8, 9 and the rotary blade 11, and part of the crushed material that has reached the pseudo fixed blade 19. Is shredded by meshing with the rotary blade 11 and crushed pieces that are crushed to a predetermined size or less are collected in the collection tray 27 through the next sieve hole 39 and the discharge chute 4.

細断空間18におけるこのような細断作用を受けてもなお、所定のサイズ以下に破砕されなかった破砕物は、固定刃14に送られ、山刃の固定刃14と回転刃11との噛合いにより細断され、破砕物或いは小さなサイズの破砕片になる。また、固定刃14で細断されないままに固定刃14を通過した破砕物は、ロータ8、9及び回転刃11による内側方向の回転力を受けて破砕室2に入る。   Even if such shredding action in the shredding space 18 is received, the crushed material that has not been shredded to a predetermined size or less is sent to the fixed blade 14, and the fixed blade 14 and the rotary blade 11 are engaged with each other. It is shredded to form crushed material or small-sized crushed pieces. In addition, the crushed material that has passed through the fixed blade 14 without being shredded by the fixed blade 14 receives the rotational force in the inner direction by the rotors 8 and 9 and the rotary blade 11 and enters the crushing chamber 2.

破砕室2に入った破砕物は、ホッパー1に新しく投入された破砕対象物と共に、新たな破砕対象物となって再び破砕室2から固定刃12に引き込まれ、上述したと同様なメカニズムが繰り返すことによって細断が継続され、最終的には総ての破砕物が細断される。   The crushed material that has entered the crushing chamber 2 becomes a new crushing object together with the crushing object newly input into the hopper 1, and is again drawn into the fixed blade 12 from the crushing chamber 2, and the same mechanism as described above is repeated. Thus, shredding is continued, and finally all crushed materials are shredded.

このような固定刃12、14と回転刃11による細断は、回転刃11がロータ8,9の全長にわたって分散して取付けられているので、破砕室2の全長にわたり破砕対象物の破砕が行われる。   Such shredding by the fixed blades 12 and 14 and the rotary blade 11 is performed by crushing the crushing object over the entire length of the crushing chamber 2 because the rotary blades 11 are dispersed and attached over the entire length of the rotors 8 and 9. Is called.

このような固定刃12,14及び/又は擬似固定刃19と回転刃11との協働作用による破砕対象物の細断も、総ての破砕物が所定以下のサイズの破砕片に確実に破砕されるとは限らない。破砕対象物が枝葉、草木の破砕のときは、破砕対象物が押しつぶされて変形しただけの破砕物、切れ目が中途半端に入っただけで破砕物同士が繋がっている枝木、枝葉などのように細長い棒状の形を保ったままで縦方向に篩穴を通過して破砕片に混入して排出シュートへ出てくる破砕片、逆に、微粒乃至粉状にまで破砕が進んだ上に樹液や葉汁が混じって泥状や糊状になったもの(以下泥糊状物質ともいう)等、種々の態様の破砕物が混入された破砕となる。また、例えば、破砕対象物が植栽の枝葉、刈草、生木の小枝等の時はヤニや脂質の物質、種々の樹液や樹脂等の粘着物質、セルロース系の繊維物質等が破砕片に絡み合った破砕物や粉糊状物は、篩穴を塞ぎ、或いは回転刃や篩穴の周辺のスクリーン面に付着して、細断破砕そのもの及びスクリーンにおける破砕片の篩い分けを困難にしている。   In such shredding of the object to be crushed by the cooperative action of the fixed blades 12 and 14 and / or the pseudo fixed blade 19 and the rotary blade 11, all the crushed materials are reliably broken into pieces having a predetermined size or less. It is not always done. When the object to be crushed is a foliage or shredded plant, a crushed object that has been crushed and deformed, a branch tree or a foliage in which the crushed object is connected just by entering a halfway break The crushed pieces that pass through the sieve holes in the vertical direction and remain in the crushed pieces and exit to the discharge chute, while the crushed powder has progressed to fine particles or powder, The crushed material is mixed with various forms of crushed material such as mud or paste (hereinafter also referred to as mud paste) mixed with leaf juice. In addition, for example, when the object to be crushed is planted leaves, mowing grass, twigs of raw trees, etc., spider and lipid substances, various sap and resin adhesives, and cellulosic fiber substances are entangled with the fragments. The crushed material and the paste-like material block the sieving hole or adhere to the screen surface around the rotary blade and the sieving hole, making it difficult to shred the crushed material itself and to screen the crushed pieces.

本発明のスクリーン3では、図4乃至図6に模式的に示すように、スクリーンの長穴40が、ロータ8、9の回転軸方向に沿う弧状の板に、穴の長辺がロータ8、9の周方向即ち、回転刃の回転移動方向に沿う向きに設けられた多数の長穴40と、該長穴40を回転刃の回転移動方向に複数に分割する横リブ41とによって篩穴39形成されている。この横リブ41を取付けるとき、隣りあう長穴40と長穴40との間のスクリーン板46上を回転刃11の刃先が通る、即ち、長穴40と長穴40との間のスクリーン板46上に回転刃11の刃先の回転軌跡Tが通るような配置で形成されている上に、横リブ41は、長穴40を複数に分割する基板42と長穴40に嵌合される支持部43と該支持部の先端において前記回転刃11との噛合い部38有した擬似固定刃19とを有し、複数の長穴40、40に支持部43、43を嵌合させて長穴40を横切るように横リブ41をスクリーン3に溶接によって取付けている。従って、横リブ41を取り付けると、長穴40が、篩穴39として形成されると同時に、形成されたそれぞれの篩穴39の端部には、擬似固定刃19が取付けられる。   In the screen 3 of the present invention, as schematically shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the long hole 40 of the screen is an arc-shaped plate along the rotation axis direction of the rotors 8 and 9, and the long side of the hole is the rotor 8, 9 and a plurality of elongated holes 40 provided in a direction along the rotational movement direction of the rotary blade, and a lateral rib 41 that divides the elongated hole 40 into a plurality of directions in the rotational movement direction of the rotary blade. Is formed. When the horizontal rib 41 is attached, the cutting edge of the rotary blade 11 passes over the screen plate 46 between the adjacent elongated holes 40, that is, the screen plate 46 between the elongated hole 40 and the elongated hole 40. The horizontal rib 41 is formed so that the rotation trajectory T of the blade edge of the rotary blade 11 passes therethrough, and the lateral rib 41 is a base 42 that divides the elongated hole 40 into a plurality and a support portion that is fitted into the elongated hole 40. 43 and a pseudo fixed blade 19 having a meshing portion 38 with the rotary blade 11 at the tip of the support portion, and the support portions 43 and 43 are fitted into the plurality of long holes 40 and 40 so that the long holes 40 are fitted. The horizontal rib 41 is attached to the screen 3 by welding so as to cross the line. Therefore, when the lateral rib 41 is attached, the elongated hole 40 is formed as the sieve hole 39, and at the same time, the pseudo fixed blade 19 is attached to the end of each formed sieve hole 39.

なお、上述のようにして複数の長穴40に横リブ41の複数の支持部43を嵌め込むことによって篩穴39を形成するときは、篩穴39には、恰も複数の支持部43が冶具となって位置決めをすると同様な精度で擬似固定刃19、19をスクリーンに取付けるので、各篩穴39の擬似固定刃19は、回転刃11と噛合い、枝葉等を細断するのに充分な精度で篩穴に取付けられる。   When the sieve holes 39 are formed by fitting the plurality of support portions 43 of the lateral ribs 41 into the plurality of elongated holes 40 as described above, the plurality of support portions 43 are provided in the sieve holes 39 as jigs. Since the pseudo fixed blades 19 and 19 are attached to the screen with the same accuracy when positioning is performed, the pseudo fixed blade 19 of each sieve hole 39 is sufficient to mesh with the rotary blade 11 and chop the branches and leaves. It can be attached to the sieve hole with accuracy.

また、横リブ41によって取付けられる擬似固定刃19も、総ての擬似固定刃19が同じ形状、同じ寸法の固定刃でなくても良い。擬似固定刃19の形状や構造は、目詰りが生じやすい篩穴39部と目詰まりが生じ難いところの篩穴39とでは、刃の形が異なったり、刃を有しない支持部だけという場合も支障はないからであり、破砕装置の用途によっては、主要部の篩穴だけに擬似固定刃19を形成したようなスクリーン3を有する破砕装置であっても、篩穴39の目詰りを防止し、従来の破砕装置と比較して高い破砕処理能力を有する破砕装置を提供することができるからである。   Further, the pseudo fixed blades 19 attached by the lateral ribs 41 may not be all fixed blades having the same shape and the same dimensions. As for the shape and structure of the pseudo fixed blade 19, the shape of the blade may be different between the sieve hole 39 portion where clogging is likely to occur and the sieve hole 39 where clogging is difficult to occur, or there may be only a support portion having no blade. This is because there is no hindrance, and depending on the application of the crushing device, even if the crushing device has the screen 3 in which the pseudo fixed blade 19 is formed only in the sieve hole of the main part, clogging of the sieve hole 39 is prevented. This is because it is possible to provide a crushing apparatus having a high crushing capacity as compared with a conventional crushing apparatus.

図7は、上述のようなスクリーン3を備えた本発明の第2の実施形態による一軸の破砕装置の例である。図7において、44は、ホッパー1に投入された破砕対象物10が回転刃11に噛込むのを助けるためのプッシャーであり、破砕対象物10の量が少ないときは、プッシャー44を右から左方向に移動させて、破砕対象物10を回転刃11に集中させる。   FIG. 7 is an example of a uniaxial crushing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention provided with the screen 3 as described above. In FIG. 7, 44 is a pusher for assisting the crushing object 10 put into the hopper 1 to bite into the rotary blade 11. When the amount of the crushing object 10 is small, the pusher 44 is moved from the right to the left. The crushing object 10 is concentrated on the rotary blade 11 by moving in the direction.

また、図7には、中間板13がない。これ以外の機器の構成は、実質的に図1及び図2に示した破砕装置と同じであり、図1及び図2と同じ図番は同じ機器部品を示している。スクリーン3も図1乃至図4に示す破砕装置と同様に機能して破砕片中に規定サイズを越える破砕物が混入することを著しく減少させるとともに、篩穴39の目詰りを防止し、従来の破砕装置と比較して高い破砕処理能力を有する破砕装置を提供することができる。   Further, FIG. 7 does not have the intermediate plate 13. The configuration of the other devices is substantially the same as that of the crushing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same device parts. The screen 3 also functions in the same manner as the crushing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 to remarkably reduce the mixing of crushed material exceeding a specified size into the crushed pieces and prevent clogging of the sieve holes 39. It is possible to provide a crushing apparatus having a high crushing capacity as compared with the crushing apparatus.

一般に、破砕装置のスクリーンの篩穴形状には、丸穴と長穴とがあり、長穴形状の篩穴を有するスクリーンを備えた破砕装置で破砕されて排出される破砕片は、概ね、篩穴の幅寸法以下となり、丸穴形状の篩穴のときは、篩穴の直径の寸法以下の破砕片が排出されるなど、いずれの篩穴形状の場合も、破砕片は、篩穴の寸法以下になって、破砕装置から排出される。   Generally, there are round holes and long holes in the screen shape of the screen of the crushing device. The crushing pieces that are crushed and discharged by the crushing device equipped with a screen having a long hole-shaped screen hole are generally sieved. In the case of a round hole-shaped sieving hole, the smashed piece is smaller than the diameter of the sieving hole. It is discharged from the crushing device as follows.

この場合に、長穴形状の篩穴は、幅方向と長さ方向の次元を有しているので、篩穴に至った破砕物の向きによっては、篩穴を縦方向に通過する場合もあり、篩穴の長さ寸法を超えた、好ましくない長さの破砕片(以下では、長物ともいう)が篩穴を通って排出される蓋然性は、丸穴形状の篩穴のスクリーンよりも高くなる。   In this case, since the elongated hole-shaped sieve hole has dimensions in the width direction and the length direction, depending on the direction of the crushed material that has reached the sieve hole, the sieve hole may pass in the vertical direction. The probability that crushed pieces of unfavorable length (hereinafter also referred to as long objects) exceeding the length of the sieve hole are discharged through the sieve hole is higher than that of a round-hole-shaped sieve hole screen. .

一方、スクリーンの篩穴の縁は、回転刃の動きを横切る方向に延びている部分には、回転刃の動きにより草木が穴の縁に押し付けられて引っ掛かり、或いは、穴の終端に草木が押し詰められていくことにより、次第に篩穴の長さが短く、即ち、篩穴のサイズが小さくなって、スクリーンの篩い分け能力が低下し、破砕装置の破砕能力が落ちていくことを避け難い。特に丸穴形状の篩穴のスクリーンは、穴の長さ方向が長穴の篩穴に比べて短く、穴が詰り易いので、破砕能力が低下する蓋然性が長穴形状の篩穴のスクリーンを備えた破砕装置よりも高くなる。   On the other hand, the edge of the screen's sieving hole extends in a direction that crosses the movement of the rotary blade, and the vegetation is pressed against the edge of the hole by the movement of the rotary blade, or the vegetation is pushed to the end of the hole. By being packed, it is difficult to avoid that the length of the sieve hole is gradually shortened, that is, the size of the sieve hole is reduced, the sieving ability of the screen is lowered, and the crushing ability of the crushing apparatus is lowered. In particular, the screen with a round hole shape is shorter than the screen hole with a long hole, and the hole is easy to clog. Higher than crushing equipment.

このように、スクリーンの篩穴の形状の丸穴と長穴とには、一長一短があり、本発明は、長穴形状の篩穴を有するスクリーンについて改良を加え、スクリーンの製造が容易で破砕能力の高い破砕装置を提供できるようにしたものである。   As described above, the round hole and the long hole in the shape of the sieve hole of the screen have advantages and disadvantages, and the present invention is improved with respect to the screen having the long hole shape of the sieve hole, and the screen is easy to manufacture and has a crushing ability. The high crushing apparatus can be provided.

Figure 0005563806
Figure 0005563806

表1は、本発明の破砕装置を従来の破砕装置と比較した破砕実験の結果の一例を示す表である。比較対照に用いた破砕装置は、表1の横軸に示すように、4種類あり、いずれの装置も、長穴形状の篩穴を有するスクリーンを備え、破砕対象物を40mm以下のサイズの破砕片に破砕することを意図し、例えば、鉄板に、長穴形状の篩穴を形成したスクリーンを使用した破砕装置である。   Table 1 is a table | surface which shows an example of the result of the crushing experiment which compared the crushing apparatus of this invention with the conventional crushing apparatus. As shown on the horizontal axis of Table 1, there are four types of crushing devices used for comparison, and each device is equipped with a screen having a long-hole-shaped sieve hole, and crushes an object to be crushed with a size of 40 mm or less. A crushing apparatus that uses a screen that is intended to be crushed into pieces, for example, a long hole-shaped sieve hole is formed on an iron plate.

第一の破砕装置は、サイズが30mm×300mmの多数の長穴を回転刃の回転軸方向に並べて篩穴としたスクリーンを備えた破砕装置である。   A 1st crushing apparatus is a crushing apparatus provided with the screen which put many long holes of size 30 mm x 300 mm in the rotating shaft direction of the rotary blade, and made it a sieve hole.

第二の破砕装置は、サイズが40mm×300mmの多数の長穴を回転刃の回転軸方向に並べて篩穴としたスクリーンを備えた破砕装置である。   A 2nd crushing apparatus is a crushing apparatus provided with the screen which arranged many long holes 40mm x 300mm in the rotating shaft direction of the rotary blade, and made it a sieve hole.

第三の破砕装置は、第二の破砕装置に用いた40mm×300mmの長穴を2本の横リブで穴の端から100mmごとに区切り、40mm×100mmのサイズの長穴を回転刃の回転軸方向に並べて篩穴としたスクリーンを備えた破砕装置である。   The third crushing device divides the 40mm x 300mm long hole used in the second crushing device every two 100mm from the end of the hole with two horizontal ribs, and the long blade of 40mm x 100mm size is rotated by the rotary blade It is a crushing device provided with a screen arranged in the axial direction as sieve holes.

第四の破砕装置は、本発明の一つの実施形態に係る破砕装置であり、40mm×300mmのサイズの長穴が、隣り合う穴間隔を回転刃先の間隔と同じで、穴の長辺が回転刃の回転移動方向に沿い、回転刃の刃先が長穴と長穴との間を通り、かつ、高さを揃えて形成され、これらの多数個の長穴の端から100mmごとに横切るようにして擬似固定刃を有する二本の棒状の横リブを取付けて、幅40mm、長さ100mmのサイズの三個の穴に分割することにより、擬似固定刃を有した篩穴のあるスクリーンを備えるようにした破砕装置である。   The fourth crushing device is a crushing device according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which a long hole having a size of 40 mm × 300 mm has the same interval between adjacent holes as the interval between rotating blade tips, and the long side of the hole rotates. Along the rotational movement direction of the blade, the blade edge of the rotary blade is formed between the long holes and the height of the blades so that they have the same height, and crosses every 100 mm from the ends of these multiple long holes. By attaching two bar-shaped horizontal ribs having pseudo-fixed blades and dividing them into three holes having a width of 40 mm and a length of 100 mm, a screen with a sieve hole having pseudo-fixed blades is provided. It is a crushing device.

表1の縦軸は、破砕装置の1時間当たりの破砕処理量(kg)、破砕対象物を100mm以下のサイズの破砕片に破砕することを意図した破砕装置において、破砕片に混入しては好ましくない長物の量混入(割合)を、150mm超の破砕物(長物)の混入量(重量%)及び、100mm超150以下の破砕物(長物)の混入量(重量%)に分けて示した表である。   The vertical axis in Table 1 indicates the amount of crushing processing (kg) per hour of the crushing device, and the crushing device intended to crush the crushing object into pieces of 100 mm or less in size. The amount of undesired long material mixed (percentage) is shown separately for the mixed amount (% by weight) of crushed material (long product) exceeding 150 mm and the mixed amount (% by weight) of crushed material (long material) exceeding 100 mm and 150 or less. It is a table.

この結果によれば、このような四種類の破砕装置について、針葉樹の松を多く含む枝葉を破砕対象物として細断実験をしたところ、破砕処理量に関しては、本発明の破砕装置が他の装置に比較してやや大きな処理能力を有していた。これは、本発明の破砕装置が、細断空間18に擬似固定刃19を設けた分、回転刃11と擬似固定刃19との噛合いによって細断空間18の破砕物を細断する機会が増えたために、従来の破砕装置よりやや高い処理能力の値を示したものと推測される。   According to this result, for such four types of crushing devices, a shredding experiment was conducted using branches and leaves containing a lot of coniferous pine as a crushing object. Compared with, it had a slightly larger processing capacity. This is because the crushing apparatus of the present invention has an opportunity to shred the crushed material in the shredded space 18 by meshing the rotary blade 11 and the pseudo fixed blade 19 by the amount of provision of the pseudo fixed blade 19 in the shredded space 18. Because of the increase, it is presumed that the processing capacity was slightly higher than that of the conventional crushing apparatus.

一方、長物混入量に関しては、本発明の破砕装置が、著しく改良された破砕機能を有することが、表1の結果から確認できる。表1において、本発明の破砕装置(最も右の列の破砕装置)では、他の列に示す3つの破砕装置に比較して150mm超の長物量については、約10分の一、100mm超150以下の長物量については、2分の一乃至は3分の一という結果となっている。これは、細断空間に送られた破砕物が、擬似固定刃と回転刃との噛合いによって、細断空間においても細断され続け、かつ、回転刃が、擬似固定刃と協働して、篩穴付近に滞留する破砕物を細断、除去しながら破砕を継続し、更に、回転刃の刃先が篩穴と篩穴との間に付着する小さな破砕粉や泥糊状物質を除去して篩穴の目詰りを防ぐようにした結果、上記のような有意な結果が得られたと推測される。   On the other hand, with respect to the amount of long material mixed, it can be confirmed from the results in Table 1 that the crushing apparatus of the present invention has a remarkably improved crushing function. In Table 1, the crushing apparatus of the present invention (the crushing apparatus in the rightmost row) has a length of more than 150 mm as compared with the three crushing apparatuses shown in the other rows, about one-tenth, more than 100 mm and 150 mm. For the following long items, the result is one-half to one-third. This is because the crushed material sent to the shredding space continues to be shredded in the shredding space by the engagement of the pseudo fixed blade and the rotary blade, and the rotary blade cooperates with the pseudo fixed blade. Continue crushing while chopping and removing the crushed material remaining in the vicinity of the sieve hole, and remove the small crushed powder and mud paste that the blade edge of the rotary blade adheres between the sieve hole and the sieve hole. As a result of preventing clogging of the sieve holes, it is estimated that the above significant results were obtained.

この結果は、表1に表れた数値結果のみでなく、数値に表わし難いスクリーンの目詰まり状況、即ち、上記の実験後に、各破砕装置に取付けられたスクリーンを目視で調べた結果によっても確認され、本発明の破砕装置のスクリーンでは、上記の実験後も篩穴付近における破砕物の滞留付着、破砕された枝葉から滲出する樹脂や枝葉の繊維質物質による目詰りが殆ど生じていないことが分かった。   This result is confirmed not only by the numerical results shown in Table 1, but also by the clogging state of the screen which is difficult to express, that is, the result of visual inspection of the screen attached to each crushing device after the above experiment. In the screen of the crushing device of the present invention, it was found that the clogged material stays and adheres in the vicinity of the sieve hole, and the clogging due to the resin exuded from the crushed branches and leaves and the fibrous material of the branches and leaves does not occur after the above experiment. It was.

このように、上記実施形態の破砕装置によれば、スクリーンに形成された複数の長穴に擬似固定刃を有する横リブの支持部を挿入、位置決めをした後に横リブを取付けることにより、長穴に所定のサイズの篩穴を形成すると同時に、各篩穴には、回転刃と噛合うように位置決めされた擬似固定刃が取付けられる。このようなスクリーンを破砕装置のハウジングに装着して細断空間を形成するときは、それぞれの長穴において、回転刃の回転移動方向の端には、ハウジングに予め取付けられた固定刃があるので、細断空間のそれぞれの篩穴の回転刃の回転移動方向の端部には、回転刃と噛合うように位置決めされた擬似固定刃及び/又は固定刃を有する細断空間が形成され、このような細断空間を有する破砕装置の製造が容易に行なえ、かつ、破砕装置の使用中も横リブの補修で篩穴及び擬似固定刃の補修ができるなど、補修も容易に行なえる破砕処理装置を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the crushing device of the above embodiment, by inserting the lateral rib support portion having the pseudo fixed blade into the plurality of elongated holes formed in the screen and positioning the elongated rib, At the same time, a quasi-fixed blade positioned so as to mesh with the rotary blade is attached to each sieve hole. When such a screen is mounted on the housing of the crushing device to form a shred space, there is a fixed blade pre-attached to the housing at the end of the rotary blade in the rotational movement direction in each slot. In addition, a chopping space having pseudo fixed blades and / or fixed blades that are positioned so as to mesh with the rotary blades is formed at the end portions of the rotary blades in the rotational movement direction of the respective sieve holes of the chopping spaces. A crushing device that can easily manufacture a crushing device having such a shredding space, and can easily repair a sieve hole and a pseudo fixed blade by repairing a lateral rib while the crushing device is in use. Can be provided.

また、上述のようにして長穴に横リブを取付けて篩穴を形成したスクリーンを装着して細断空間を形成したときは、スクリーンのそれぞれの篩穴に、回転刃と噛合うように位置決めされた擬似固定刃が取付けられた構造の細断空間が形成されるので、細断空間においても回転刃と擬似固定刃とが噛合い、協働して、篩穴付近の破砕物を細断、除去しながら破砕を継続することができる。   In addition, when a slitted space is formed by attaching a screen in which a horizontal rib is attached to the long hole as described above to form a chopped space, positioning is performed so that each screen hole of the screen is engaged with the rotary blade. As a result, a shredded space with a structure where the pseudo-fixed blade is attached is formed, so that even in the shredded space, the rotating blade and the pseudo-fixed blade mesh and cooperate to shred crushed material near the sieve hole. Crushing can be continued while removing.

更に、このスクリーンは、それぞれの篩穴に擬似固定刃を有する構造に加えて、回転刃の先端が篩穴と篩穴との間のスクリーン板の上を通るようにして破砕装置のハウジングに取付けられているので、破砕対象物として生木や雑草、刈草、小枝、草根、植栽から生じる枝葉等を破砕する場合に、破砕物から樹液や樹脂などの粘性物質が滲出したり、破砕物を構成する組成に強靭なセルロース等の繊維性物質を含むことが多い生木や雑草、刈草、枝葉等を破砕する時に、篩穴に破砕物の繊維質物質が絡んだり、或いは、破砕時に破砕物の樹液や葉汁等の滲出によって各篩穴の周辺に泥糊状物質が滞留したり付着したりするときも、これらの破砕物や泥糊状物質を逐次除去したり、篩穴に絡みつく繊維性物質を細断して篩穴における破砕片の分別能力の低下を未然に防ぎながら破砕が継続される等、篩穴の目詰りを著しく減じて高い破砕処理能力を維持でき、かつ、排出シュートに落下する破砕片中に所定のサイズを越える破砕物が混入することを顕著に減少させることができるなど、本発明の破砕装置によれば、製造や補修が容易で枝葉等の破砕対象物を破砕する場合に、従来の破砕装置と比較して著しく高い破砕処理能力を発揮させることができる。   Furthermore, in addition to the structure having a pseudo fixed blade in each sieve hole, this screen is attached to the crushing device housing so that the tip of the rotary blade passes over the screen plate between the sieve holes. Therefore, when crushing raw trees, weeds, mowed grass, twigs, grass roots, branches and leaves from planting, etc. as crushed objects, viscous materials such as sap and resin exude from the crushed materials, When crushing raw trees, weeds, cut grass, branches and leaves, etc., which often contain tough cellulose or other fibrous materials in the composition to make up, the crushed material is entangled in the sieve hole, or the crushed material during crushing When mud paste-like substances stay or adhere to the periphery of each sieve hole due to exudation of sap, leaf juice, etc., these crushed materials and mud paste-like substances are removed sequentially or fibers that are entangled in the sieve holes. Shredded sexual substances and fractionation of fragments in sieve holes Crushing that exceeds the specified size in the crushed pieces falling on the discharge chute can maintain the high crushing capacity by significantly reducing clogging of the sieve holes, such as continuing crushing while preventing a decrease in force. According to the crushing device of the present invention, such as being able to remarkably reduce contamination, when manufacturing and repairing is easy and crushing crushing objects such as branches and leaves, the crushing device is remarkably compared to conventional crushing devices. High crushing capacity can be exhibited.

本発明の破砕装置は、一般の家庭、農林業従事者及び植林や植木等の植栽分野の産業に使用することができる。   The crushing apparatus of the present invention can be used for general households, agricultural and forestry workers, and industries in the field of planting such as tree planting and planting.

1 ホッパー
2 破砕室
3 スクリーン
4 排出シュート
5 ハウジング
6 側壁
7 端壁
8、9 破砕ロータ
10 破砕対象物
11 回転刃
12、14 固定刃
13 中間板
15、16 ベアリング
17 破砕片
18 細断空間
19 擬似固定刃
20、21 電動機
22 補強具
23 窪み
24 ネジ穴
25 ボルト
26 回転軸
27 収集トレー
28 山型刃先
30、31 減速機
32、33 カプリング
34 制御装置
35 固定刃台
37 山刃型固定刃の刃の谷部
38 噛合い部
39 篩穴
40 長穴
41 横リブ
42 基板
43 支持部
44 プッシャー
45 センサー
46 スクリーン板
48 固定刃取付けボルト
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hopper 2 Crushing chamber 3 Screen 4 Discharge chute 5 Housing 6 Side wall 7 End wall 8, 9 Crushing rotor 10 Crushing object 11 Rotary blade 12, 14 Fixed blade 13 Intermediate plate 15, 16 Bearing 17 Crush piece 18 Shred space 19 Pseudo Fixed blade 20, 21 Electric motor 22 Reinforcing tool 23 Dimple 24 Screw hole 25 Bolt 26 Rotating shaft 27 Collection tray 28 Mountain-shaped blade tip 30, 31 Reduction gear 32, 33 Coupling 34 Controller 35 Fixed blade base 37 Blade of mountain blade type fixed blade 38 Valley part 38 Meshing part 39 Sieve hole 40 Long hole 41 Horizontal rib 42 Substrate 43 Support part 44 Pusher 45 Sensor 46 Screen plate 48 Fixed blade mounting bolt

Claims (2)

回動自在に支持された破砕ロータと、
該破砕ロータの周面に固定された多数の回転刃と、
この回転刃と協働して破砕対象物を破砕する固定刃と、
所定サイズ以下に破砕された破砕片を通す篩穴を有すると共に破砕ロータの下方周面に沿って延びる細断空間を形成するスクリーンとを備えた破砕装置において、
スクリーンは、回転刃の回転移動方向に沿う向きに延びる長穴を回転刃の回転軸線方向に多数併設し、隣り合う長穴と長穴との間が回転刃の刃先に対向するように配設された板材と、前記長穴を分割して篩穴を形成するように前記板材に固定された横リブとを有し、
横リブは、前記板材の前記細断空間外側において複数の長穴を回転刃の回転軸線方向にまたがって延びる基板と、
前記長穴に嵌入されて前記細断空間内に向って前記基板から延びる支持部と、
該支持部に該支持部と一体又は別体に取付けられ前記回転刃と協働する噛合い部をもつ擬似固定刃とから構成されていることを特徴とする破砕装置。
A crushing rotor supported rotatably,
A number of rotary blades fixed to the peripheral surface of the crushing rotor;
A fixed blade for crushing a crushing object in cooperation with the rotary blade;
In a crushing apparatus comprising a screen having a sieve hole for passing a crushed piece crushed to a predetermined size or less and forming a chopped space extending along the lower peripheral surface of the crushing rotor,
The screen is provided with many elongated holes extending in the direction of the rotational movement of the rotary blade in the rotational axis direction of the rotary blade so that the gap between the adjacent elongated holes faces the blade edge of the rotary blade. is a plate with, and a transverse rib which is fixed to the plate so as to form a sieve holes by dividing the elongated hole,
The lateral rib is a substrate extending across the plurality of elongated holes in the rotational axis direction of the rotary blade outside the shred space of the plate material ,
A support portion that is inserted into the elongated hole and extends from the substrate toward the shredding space;
A crushing apparatus comprising: a pseudo fixed blade having a meshing portion attached to the support portion integrally or separately with the support portion and cooperating with the rotary blade.
前記篩穴のそれぞれが、回転刃の回転移動方向の篩穴の端部に回転刃との噛合部のある擬似固定刃を有していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の破砕装置。   The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the sieve holes has a pseudo fixed blade having a meshing portion with the rotary blade at an end of the sieve hole in the rotational movement direction of the rotary blade.
JP2009254201A 2009-11-05 2009-11-05 Crusher Active JP5563806B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009254201A JP5563806B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2009-11-05 Crusher

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009254201A JP5563806B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2009-11-05 Crusher

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2011098276A JP2011098276A (en) 2011-05-19
JP5563806B2 true JP5563806B2 (en) 2014-07-30

Family

ID=44189909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2009254201A Active JP5563806B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2009-11-05 Crusher

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5563806B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101606837B1 (en) * 2014-06-12 2016-03-29 주식회사 슈레텍 Single shaft orthodromic-antidromic type scrapped material disintegrator
GR1009916B (en) * 2017-07-24 2021-01-28 Σταυρος Μιχαλη Καριωτακης Tree branch shredder furnished with branch-propelling and- breaking system for biomass production
JP6476532B1 (en) * 2018-06-12 2019-03-06 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 Twin screw crusher
CN113649137B (en) * 2021-10-13 2022-07-29 启东科赛尔纳米科技有限公司 Crushing equipment convenient to preparation nano-material

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001334161A (en) * 2000-05-26 2001-12-04 Fuji Kogyo Co Ltd Crushing machine
JP2002126552A (en) * 2000-10-24 2002-05-08 Fuji Car Mfg Co Ltd Crushing device
JP4453102B2 (en) * 2003-11-12 2010-04-21 ウエノテックス株式会社 Crushing machine
JP2005262017A (en) * 2004-03-16 2005-09-29 Jfe Steel Kk Discharge screen of crusher
JP2006102674A (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-20 Ueno Tekkusu Kk Crusher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2011098276A (en) 2011-05-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1438887B1 (en) Device for chopping the stalks after the ears of corn have been cut off in a combine harvester
CN110198628A (en) A kind of multistage hammer-mill and the slag treatment system comprising it
JP5563806B2 (en) Crusher
JP2010241033A (en) Shredder for tree branches and leaves
DE102008039258A1 (en) crusher
EP2537588A2 (en) Shredder with knives having multiple cutting blades
DE10350123B3 (en) Chopping device for combine harvester has fan for discharging chopped straw positioned below driven rotor fitted with spiral chopping tool and vertical counter-restraint rail adjusted relative to latter
DE102007050042B4 (en) Shredder and picking device for clippings
EP2449877B1 (en) Mowing-cutting device for harvesting large plants
CN209787924U (en) Hob type potato seedling recovery cutter
EP1993346B1 (en) Crushing element for agricultural, industrial and other types of machines
US6053442A (en) High-speed crushing apparatus
JP4676155B2 (en) Crusher and crushing vehicle
CN114080895A (en) Dust protected gardens are pruned and are used weeds clean-up equipment
EP1782680B1 (en) Device for crushing vegetable products in the form of green mass or juvenile wood
DE102014005799B3 (en) shredder
EP2564930B1 (en) Shredder
JP3038303B2 (en) High-speed crusher
EP1547459B1 (en) Cutting disk with tearing teeth for a shredder
EP0505702B1 (en) Garden waste shredder with a blade housing containing rotating, powered flat blades and pre-shredding blades
CN217249454U (en) Gardens wood pulverizer
EP1769665A1 (en) Cylinder lawn mower and cylinder unit intended therefor
CN219334354U (en) Agriculture and forestry waste crusher
CN212487307U (en) Self-propelled peanut pickup harvester cylinder structure
DE102013202451B4 (en) Device for shredding wood with energy storage in the drive train

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20121009

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20131107

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20131119

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20140120

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20140610

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20140613

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 5563806

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250