JP5377178B2 - Current differential protection relay device - Google Patents
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- JP5377178B2 JP5377178B2 JP2009207541A JP2009207541A JP5377178B2 JP 5377178 B2 JP5377178 B2 JP 5377178B2 JP 2009207541 A JP2009207541 A JP 2009207541A JP 2009207541 A JP2009207541 A JP 2009207541A JP 5377178 B2 JP5377178 B2 JP 5377178B2
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、複数端子の電流入力のベクトル和の差動電流を動作量とし、区間内事故の判定を行う送電線保護用の電流差動保護継電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a current differential protection relay device for power transmission line protection that uses a differential current of a vector sum of current inputs of a plurality of terminals as an operation amount and determines an accident in a section.
近年では、伝送技術の発展と共に、電流差動保護方式が送電線保護の主保護のために広く用いられている一方で、電力需要の拡大に伴う電源設備の増強等により、系統事故時の事故電流が増大している。そのため、事故時に電流を検出する変流器（以下、「ＣＴ」と称する。）の飽和に対して、電流差動継電器の内外部事故識別能力の向上が求められている。 In recent years, with the development of transmission technology, the current differential protection method has been widely used for the main protection of transmission line protection. The current is increasing. For this reason, there is a need to improve the ability of current differential relays to identify internal and external accidents against saturation of a current transformer (hereinafter referred to as “CT”) that detects current in the event of an accident.
ここで、従来から適用されてる電流差動継電器の一例を図１３〜１５を参照して説明する。なお、以下では、送電線の両端にあるＡ、Ｂの２端子を保護する場合を説明する。図１３に示す通り、Ａ端子とＢ端子の保護区間内の通過電流をＩａ、Ｉｂとしたとき、電流差動継電器では、ＩａとＩｂのベクトル和である差動電流Ｉｄを動作量として演算し（［数１］参照。）、各端子の電流値の大きさのスカラー和であるΣ｜Ｉ｜を抑制量として演算する（［数２］参照。）。 Here, an example of a current differential relay applied conventionally will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, a case where two terminals A and B at both ends of the transmission line are protected will be described. As shown in FIG. 13, when the passing currents in the protection interval of the A terminal and the B terminal are Ia and Ib, the current differential relay calculates the differential current Id which is the vector sum of Ia and Ib as the operation amount. (Refer to [Equation 1].) Σ | I |, which is a scalar sum of the magnitudes of the current values at the terminals, is calculated as a suppression amount (see [Equation 2]).
［数１］
動作量 ｜Ｉｄ｜＝｜Ｉａ＋Ｉｂ｜
［数２］
抑制量 Σ｜I｜＝｜Ｉａ｜＋｜Ｉｂ｜
[Equation 1]
Operation amount | Id | = | Ia + Ib |
[Equation 2]
Suppression amount Σ | I | = | Ia | + | Ib |
そして、この電流差動継電器は、演算した動作量と抑制量に基づいて、下記に示す［数３］及び［数４］の動作式が成立するかを判定する小電流域及び大電流域の特性を有している。 And this current differential relay is based on the calculated operation amount and the suppression amount, and determines whether the following equations (3) and (4) are satisfied. It has characteristics.
［数３］
小電流域特性（ＤＦ１） ｜Ｉｄ｜≧Ｋｒ１Σ｜Ｉ｜＋Ｋ０１
［数４］
大電流域特性（ＤＦ２） ｜Ｉｄ｜≧Ｋｒ２Σ｜Ｉ｜＋Ｋ０２
但し、Ｋｒ１、Ｋｒ２、Ｋ０１、Ｋ０２は定数（Ｋｒ１＜Ｋｒ２）
[Equation 3]
Small current region characteristics (DF1) | Id | ≧ Kr1Σ | I | + K01
[Equation 4]
Large current region characteristics (DF2) | Id | ≧ Kr2Σ | I | + K02
However, Kr1, Kr2, K01, K02 are constants (Kr1 <Kr2)
このような電流差動継電器では、この小電流域特性と大電流域特性の双方が動作すると判定された場合に（ＤＦ１とＤＦ２の両条件が成立すると判定された場合）、リレー動作する。そのため、例えば、外部事故により保護区間に大電流が通過した場合では、ＣＴ飽和が発生すると、ＤＦ１は動作する可能性があるが、動作量は小さいのでＤＦ２が不動作であり、電流差動継電器としては不動作となる（図１４のα領域を参照。）。 In such a current differential relay, when it is determined that both the small current region characteristic and the large current region characteristic are operated (when it is determined that both conditions DF1 and DF2 are satisfied), the relay operation is performed. Therefore, for example, when a large current passes through the protection section due to an external accident, if CT saturation occurs, DF1 may operate, but since the operation amount is small, DF2 does not operate, and the current differential relay Is not activated (refer to the α region in FIG. 14).
しかしながら、このような状況下において、さらに、ＣＴ飽和が厳しくなってくると、図１５に示す通り、第２波目の飽和が深くなるため、ＤＦ２の動作域に至る可能性が生じ、大電流域特性であっても外部事故による誤動作を回避できない場合がある。このようなＣＴ飽和が厳しい場合の対策として、外部事故を検出した場合に、動作領域の設定を変更することで当該動作領域を狭める方法が提案されている（特許文献１参照。）。 However, under such circumstances, if CT saturation becomes more severe, the saturation of the second wave becomes deeper as shown in FIG. Even basin characteristics may not prevent malfunction due to external accidents. As a countermeasure when such CT saturation is severe, there has been proposed a method of narrowing the operation region by changing the setting of the operation region when an external accident is detected (see Patent Document 1).
ところで、上記のような特許文献１に記載の方法では、上記［数３］及び［数４］に基づく動作領域をＣＴが飽和しても動作しない領域まで変更しているが、この動作領域の変更はＣＴ飽和の深さに影響されるので、確実に誤動作を抑制できるわけではない。 By the way, in the method described in Patent Document 1 as described above, the operation region based on the above [Equation 3] and [Equation 4] is changed to a region that does not operate even when CT is saturated. Since the change is affected by the depth of CT saturation, malfunctions cannot be reliably suppressed.
本発明は、上記のような問題を解消するために提案されたものであって、その目的は、ＣＴ飽和が深い場合であっても、内外部事故判定を確実に実施可能な電流差動保護継電装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to provide a current differential protection capable of reliably performing an internal / external accident determination even when CT saturation is deep. It is to provide a relay device.
上述した目的を達成するために、本発明は、送電線の各端子に設けられ、各端子の電流値のベクトル和である動作量と各端子の電流値のスカラー和である抑制量に基づいてリレー動作判定を実施する電流差動保護回路を備えた電流差動保護継電装置であって、相手端子間で電流値の大小を判定する電流値判定手段と、自端子と前記電流値判定手段により大きいと判定された端子間の電流位相を対比する対比手段と、前記対比手段により対比された全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する重なり判定手段と、を有する位相比較回路と、前記位相比較回路の重なり判定手段により全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であると判定され、かつ、前記電流差動保護回路によりリレー動作と判定された場合に、内部事故が生じていると判定する内部事故判定回路と、を備えたことを特徴とする。また、本発明は、送電線の各端子に設けられ、各端子の電流値のベクトル和である動作量と各端子の電流値のスカラー和である抑制量に基づいてリレー動作判定を実施する電流差動保護回路を備えた電流差動保護継電装置であって、相手端子間の電流値の和を算出する電流和算出手段と、自端子の電流と前記電流和算出手段により算出された和電流の位相を対比する対比手段と、前記対比手段により対比された全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する重なり判定手段と、を有する位相比較回路と、前記位相比較回路の重なり判定手段により全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であると判定され、かつ、前記電流差動保護回路によりリレー動作と判定された場合に、内部事故が生じていると判定する内部事故判定回路と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
To achieve the above object, the present invention is provided in each terminal of the transmission line, based on the suppression amount is a scalar sum of the current value of the operation amount and the terminal is the vector sum of the current value of each pin A current differential protection relay device including a current differential protection circuit for performing relay operation determination, wherein current value determination means for determining the magnitude of a current value between counterpart terminals, the own terminal, and the current value determination means Comparison means for comparing current phases between terminals determined to be larger than the above, and overlap determination means for determining whether the phase overlap between all terminals compared by the comparison means is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. When the phase comparison circuit and the phase determination circuit overlap determination means determine that the phase overlap between all terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and the current differential protection circuit determines that the relay operation is performed To the inside Characterized in that and an internal fault determining circuit determines that the late occurs. Further, the present invention provides a current that is provided at each terminal of a power transmission line and performs relay operation determination based on an operation amount that is a vector sum of current values of each terminal and a suppression amount that is a scalar sum of current values of each terminal. A current differential protection relay device provided with a differential protection circuit, a current sum calculation means for calculating a sum of current values between counterpart terminals, a current of the own terminal and a sum calculated by the current sum calculation means A phase comparison circuit comprising: a comparison means for comparing current phases; and an overlap determination means for determining whether or not the phase overlap between all the terminals compared by the comparison means is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. An internal fault occurs when the overlap determination means of the comparison circuit determines that the phase overlap between all the terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value and the relay operation is determined by the current differential protection circuit. Internal matters to judge Characterized by comprising a determination circuit.
また、本発明は、前記電流差動保護回路において、前記動作量と前記抑制量から小電流域で動作するかを判定する小電流域判定手段と、前記動作量と前記抑制量から大電流域で動作するかを判定する大電流域判定手段と、前記小電流域で動作し、かつ、前記大電流域特性で動作する場合にリレーを動作すると判定するリレー動作判定手段と、を備え、前記小電流域判定手段により小電流域特性で動作し、かつ、大電流域判定手段により大電流域特性で不動作との条件が成立するかを判定する条件判定手段と、前記条件判定手段により前記条件が成立すると判定された場合に、前記位相比較回路に対して各端子間の電流位相の対比処理を実施するよう指令を下す指令手段と、を有する位相比較使用条件判定回路を備え、前記電流差動保護回路では、前記条件判定手段により前記条件が成立しないと判定された場合に、リレー動作判定手段が、前記小電流域で動作し、かつ、前記大電流域特性で動作するリレー動作であるかを判定し、前記位相比較回路では、前記条件判定手段により前記条件が成立すると判定された場合に、前記指令手段から指令に基づき、前記対比手段が、前記端子間の電流位相を重ねることで対比し、前記重なり判定手段が、前記対比手段により対比された全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定し、前記内部事故判定回路は、前記電流差動保護回路のリレー動作判定手段によりリレー動作と判定された場合、あるいは、前記位相比較回路の重なり判定手段により全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であると判定された場合に、内部事故が生じていると判定する構成も一態様として包含する。 In the current differential protection circuit, the present invention provides a small current region determining means for determining whether to operate in a small current region from the operation amount and the suppression amount, and a large current region from the operation amount and the suppression amount. A large current region determining means for determining whether to operate in the relay, and a relay operation determining means for determining that the relay operates when operating in the small current region and operating in the large current region characteristics, Condition determining means for operating with a small current range characteristic by the small current range determining means, and for determining whether a non-operation condition is established with the large current range characteristic by the large current range determining means; and A phase comparison use condition determination circuit having command means for instructing the phase comparison circuit to perform a current phase comparison process between the terminals when it is determined that the condition is satisfied; With differential protection circuit When the condition determining means determines that the condition is not satisfied, the relay operation determining means determines whether the relay operation is to operate in the small current range and to operate in the large current range characteristics. In the phase comparison circuit, when it is determined that the condition is satisfied by the condition determination unit, the comparison unit compares the current phase between the terminals by superimposing based on a command from the command unit, The overlap determining means determines whether the phase overlap between all the terminals compared by the comparing means is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and the internal accident determining circuit is a relay operation determining means of the current differential protection circuit When it is determined that the relay operation is performed by the above, or when the overlap determination unit of the phase comparison circuit determines that the phase overlap between all the terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, Determining configuration and accident has occurred encompasses as one embodiment.
以上のような本発明によれば、位相比較回路において、電流の位相を対比することができるので、当該電流の位相の重なり度合いに応じて、内部事故であるかの判定を確実に行うことが可能となる。より詳細には、外部事故によりＣＴ飽和が発生し、図１５に示すような電流波形になる場合であっても、位相比較回路の電流位相の対比処理により当該位相に重なりが生じない結果となるので、当該位相比較回路の出力は０となり、内部事故判定回路からの出力も０となる。そのため、外部事故によりＣＴ飽和があっても不動作となり、一方で、内部事故の場合を適切に判断することができる。 According to the present invention as described above, since the phase of the current can be compared in the phase comparison circuit, it is possible to reliably determine whether it is an internal accident according to the degree of overlap of the phase of the current. It becomes possible. More specifically, even when CT saturation occurs due to an external accident and a current waveform as shown in FIG. 15 is obtained, the phase comparison circuit does not overlap the current phase by the current phase comparison processing. Therefore, the output of the phase comparison circuit is 0, and the output from the internal accident determination circuit is also 0. Therefore, even if CT saturation occurs due to an external accident, the operation becomes inoperative. On the other hand, the case of the internal accident can be appropriately determined.
［本実施形態］
［１．第１の実施形態］
［１．１．構成］
次に、本発明の第１の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の構成を、図１及び２を参照して以下に説明する。なお、図１は、第１の実施形態に係る３端子保護の場合の電流差動保護継電装置のシステム構成を示す図であり、図２は、第１の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の構成を示すブロック図である。以下では、Ａ〜Ｃの３端子を有する送電線を保護する場合を例に挙げて説明する。
[This embodiment]
[1. First Embodiment]
[1.1. Constitution]
Next, the configuration of the current differential protection relay device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration of a current differential protection relay device in the case of three-terminal protection according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a current differential protection according to the first embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a relay apparatus. Hereinafter, a case where a power transmission line having three terminals A to C is protected will be described as an example.
図１に示す通り、送電線のＡ〜Ｃの３端子各々に電流差動保護継電装置１（Ｒｙ−Ａ〜Ｒｙ−Ｃ）が設けられ、各電流差動保護継電装置１は伝送路２を介して繋がっている。これにより、各電流差動保護継電装置１は伝送路２を介して、電流情報や遮断器情報の他、各種必要な情報を各端子間で受け渡している。なお、Ａ端子からの電流をＩａ、Ｂ端子からの電流をＩｂ、Ｃ端子からの電流をＩｃとする。
As shown in FIG. 1, a current differential protection relay device 1 (Ry-A to Ry-C) is provided at each of three terminals A to C of the transmission line, and each current differential protection relay device 1 is connected to a transmission line. 2 are connected. Accordingly, each current differential protection relay device 1 passes various necessary information between the terminals in addition to the current information and the circuit breaker information via the
次に、電流差動保護継電装置１の具体的な構成を図２を参照して説明する。なお、Ａ〜Ｃの３端子のうち、Ａ端子の電流差動保護継電装置１を例に挙げて説明する。 Next, a specific configuration of the current differential protection relay device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. Of the three terminals A to C, the current differential protection relay device 1 having the A terminal will be described as an example.
図２に示す通り、電流差動保護継電装置１は、各端子からの電流に対して電流差動演算を行う電流差動保護回路１１０と、各端子からの電流の位相を比較する位相比較回路１２０と、電流差動保護回路１１０と位相比較回路１２０からの出力を基に、内部事故であるかを判定する内部事故判定回路１３０と、を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the current differential protection relay device 1 includes a current differential protection circuit 110 that performs a current differential operation on the current from each terminal, and a phase comparison that compares the phase of the current from each terminal. A circuit 120, and an internal accident determination circuit 130 that determines whether an internal accident has occurred based on outputs from the current differential protection circuit 110 and the phase comparison circuit 120 are provided.
ここで、電流差動保護回路１１０（Ａ端子側）は、図１に示すシステム構成において、相手端子（Ｂ端子とＣ端子）の電流情報を受信し、電流差動保護演算を行うものである。具体的には、電流差動保護回路１１０は、図２に示す通り、前記［数１］に基づき、保護区間内の電流であるＩａ、Ｉｂ、Ｉｃのベクトル和である差動電流Ｉｄ（動作量）を演算する動作量演算手段１１１と、前記［数２］に基づき、各端子の電流値の大きさのスカラー和Σ｜Ｉ｜である抑制量を演算する抑制量演算手段１１２と、を備えている。 Here, the current differential protection circuit 110 (A terminal side) receives current information of the counterpart terminals (B terminal and C terminal) in the system configuration shown in FIG. 1, and performs a current differential protection operation. . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the current differential protection circuit 110 is based on [Formula 1], and a differential current Id (operation of a vector sum of currents Ia, Ib, and Ic in the protection section) An operation amount calculation unit 111 that calculates an amount), and a suppression amount calculation unit 112 that calculates a suppression amount that is a scalar sum Σ | I | of the magnitude of the current value of each terminal based on the [Equation 2]. I have.
電流差動保護回路１１０は、また、リレー判定回路として、動作量演算手段１１１及び抑制量演算手段１１２により演算された動作量と抑制量に基づいて、前記［数３］式が成立するかにより、小電流域の動作領域に入るかを判定する小電流域特性判定手段１１３と、前記［数４］式が成立するかにより、大電流域の動作領域に入るかを判定する大電流域特性判定手段１１４と、を備えている。 The current differential protection circuit 110 also serves as a relay determination circuit depending on whether the above [Equation 3] is established based on the operation amount and the suppression amount calculated by the operation amount calculation unit 111 and the suppression amount calculation unit 112. The small current region characteristic determining means 113 for determining whether to enter the operating region of the small current region and the large current region characteristic for determining whether to enter the operating region of the large current region depending on whether the above [Equation 4] is satisfied. Determination means 114.
加えて、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］が成立すると判定され、かつ、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］が成立すると判定された場合に、リレーを動作と判定するリレー動作判定手段１１５を備えている（図１０を参照。）。このリレー動作判定手段１１５は、小電流域特性判定手段１１３、大電流域特性判定手段１１４による判定処理において、どちらか一方でも条件を具備しない場合は、リレーを不動作とする。
In addition, when it is determined by the small current region characteristic determining unit 113 that the above [Equation 3] is established, and when the large current region characteristic determining unit 114 determines that the above [Equation 4] is established, the relay is operated. The relay operation determination means 115 for determining is provided (see FIG. 10). The relay
一方、位相比較回路１２０は、自端子（Ａ端子）と相手端子（Ｂ端子とＣ端子）間において、電流の位相を対比する位相対比手段１２１と、位相対比手段１２１により対比された両電流位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する重なり位相判定手段１２２と、を備えている。この位相対比手段１２１は、自端子と相手端子間の位相のそれぞれ対比するので、Ａ〜Ｃの３端子で言えば、図２に示すように、電流ＩａとＩｂの位相を対比する手段１２１ａとＩａとＩｃの位相を対比する手段１２１ｂを備え、重なり位相判定手段１２２が、両端子間の対比結果である位相の重なり度合いが、所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する。 On the other hand, the phase comparison circuit 120 includes a phase comparison unit 121 that compares current phases between the terminal (A terminal) and the counterpart terminal (B terminal and C terminal), and both current phases that are compared by the phase comparison unit 121. Overlapping phase determination means 122 for determining whether or not the degree of overlap is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Since this phase comparison means 121 compares the phase between the own terminal and the counterpart terminal, as shown in FIG. 2, the means 121 a for comparing the phases of the currents Ia and Ib as shown in FIG. A means 121b for comparing the phases of Ia and Ic is provided, and the overlapping phase determination means 122 determines whether or not the phase overlapping degree as a comparison result between both terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value.
この位相比較回路１２０における位相対比手段１２１及び重なり位相判定手段１２２による自端子と相手端子間の電流の位相対比判定処理は、具体的には次のように行われる。特に、以下では、図３に示す通り、端子Ａからの電流であるＩａと端子Ｂからの電流であるＩｂの位相を比較する場合の原理を説明する。 Specifically, the phase comparison determination processing of the current between the own terminal and the counterpart terminal by the phase comparison means 121 and the overlap phase determination means 122 in the phase comparison circuit 120 is performed as follows. In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, the principle of comparing the phase of Ia, which is the current from the terminal A, and Ib, which is the current from the terminal B, will be described below.
図３に示す通り、位相対比手段１２１による対比はＩａとＩｂの位相を重なり合わせることにより行われ、通常時又は外部事故時においては、図３（ａ）のように、Ｉａ、Ｉｂの位相には重なりがなく、重なり位相判定手段１２２を介した位相比較回路１２０による対比結果の出力は０となる。一方、内部事故時においては、図３（ｂ）のように、ＩａとＩｂの位相には重なりが存在し、重なり位相判定手段１２２により当該重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であると判定された場合に、位相比較回路１２０による対比結果が１として出力される。 As shown in FIG. 3, the comparison by the phase contrast means 121 is performed by superimposing the phases of Ia and Ib, and in the normal state or an external accident, the phases of Ia and Ib are set as shown in FIG. There is no overlap, and the output of the comparison result by the phase comparison circuit 120 via the overlap phase determination means 122 is zero. On the other hand, in the case of an internal accident, as shown in FIG. 3B, there is an overlap between the phases of Ia and Ib, and the overlap phase determination means 122 determines that the overlap degree is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value. In addition, the comparison result by the phase comparison circuit 120 is output as 1.
ここで、位相比較回路１２０により位相の重なりを検出する方法として、下記のようなものが挙げられる。例えば、各電流に対して、電流波形が所定のレベル（例えば、図３のＩＬ）を超過している期間（時間）を計測し対比する方法や、または、サンプリングデータを用いて下記［数５］に示す関係式からＩａとＩｂの位相差θを求める方法、その他一般的に用いられている２つの電気量の位相角を求める方法などを適用することができる。 Here, as a method for detecting the phase overlap by the phase comparison circuit 120, the following method may be mentioned. For example, with respect to each current, a method of measuring and comparing a period (time) in which the current waveform exceeds a predetermined level (for example, IL in FIG. 3), or using sampling data, The method for obtaining the phase difference θ between Ia and Ib from the relational expression shown in FIG.
［数５］
Ｉａｍ・Ｉｂｍ＋Ｉａｎ・Ｉｂｎ＝｜Ｉａ｜・｜Ｉｂ｜ＣＯＳθ
但し、Ｉａｍ：Ｉａのｍ時点のサンプリング瞬時値
Ｉｂｍ：Ｉｂのｍ時点のサンプリング瞬時値
Ｉａｎ：Ｉａのｍ時点より電気角で９０度前のサンプリング瞬時値
Ｉｂｎ：Ｉｂのｍ時点より電気角で９０度前のサンプリング瞬時値
[Equation 5]
Iam · Ibm + Ian · Ibn = | Ia | · | Ib | COSθ
However, Iam: Sampling instantaneous value at m time point of Ia Ibm: Sampling instantaneous value at m time point of Ib Ian: Sampling instantaneous value 90 degrees before the m time point of Ia Ibn: 90 electric angle from the m time point of Ib Sampling instantaneous value before
内部事故判定回路１３０は、電流差動保護回路１１０と位相比較回路１２０からの出力を基に、内部事故であるかを判定するものであり、具体的には、電流差動保護回路１１０のリレー動作判定手段１１５により動作判定され、かつ、位相比較回路１２０の重なり位相判定手段１２２により位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であると判定された場合に内部事故であると判定する。
The internal accident determination circuit 130 determines whether there is an internal accident based on the outputs from the current differential protection circuit 110 and the phase comparison circuit 120. Specifically, the internal accident determination circuit 130 is a relay of the current differential protection circuit 110. When the operation is determined by the
［１．２．作用効果］
次に、上記のような構成を有する電流差動保護継電装置１の内部事故の判定手順の一例を、図４及び５を参照して以下に説明する。図４は、第１の実施形態に係る電流差動保護回路１１０における差動演算手順を示すフロチャートであり、図５は、第１の実施形態に係る位相比較回路１２０の位相対比手順を示すフローチャートである。
[1.2. Effect]
Next, an example of an internal accident determination procedure of the current differential protection relay device 1 having the above-described configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a differential calculation procedure in the current differential protection circuit 110 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 5 shows a phase comparison procedure of the phase comparison circuit 120 according to the first embodiment. It is a flowchart.
初めに、電流差動保護回路１１０における電流差動演算手順を、図４を参照して説明すると、まず、電流差動保護回路１１０の動作量演算手段１１１が、前記［数１］に基づき、保護区間内の電流であるＩａ、Ｉｂ、Ｉｃのベクトル和である差動電流Ｉｄ（動作量）を演算する（Ｓ４０１）。そして、抑制量演算手段１１２が、前記［数２］に基づき、各端子の電流値の大きさのスカラー和のΣ｜Ｉ｜である抑制量を演算する（Ｓ４０２）。 First, a current differential calculation procedure in the current differential protection circuit 110 will be described with reference to FIG. 4. First, the operation amount calculation unit 111 of the current differential protection circuit 110 is based on the above [Equation 1]. A differential current Id (operation amount) that is a vector sum of currents Ia, Ib, and Ic that are currents in the protection interval is calculated (S401). Then, the suppression amount calculation means 112 calculates a suppression amount that is Σ | I | of the scalar sum of the magnitudes of the current values of the respective terminals based on [Formula 2] (S402).
動作量演算手段１１１及び抑制量演算手段１１２により動作量、抑制量が演算されると、当該動作量と抑制量に基づいて、リレー動作判定手段１１５は、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］式が成立すると判定され、かつ、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］式が成立すると判定されるか、を判定する（Ｓ４０３）。
When the operation amount and the suppression amount are calculated by the operation amount calculation unit 111 and the suppression amount calculation unit 112, based on the operation amount and the suppression amount, the relay
そして、リレー動作判定手段１１５が、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］式が成立し、かつ、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］式が成立すると判定した場合には（Ｓ４０３のＹＥＳ）、当該リレー動作判定手段１１５はリレーを動作とする（Ｓ４０４）。これに対し、リレー動作判定手段１１５が、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］式が成立しない、あるいは、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］式が成立しないと判定した場合には（Ｓ４０３のＮＯ）、リレーを不動作とする（Ｓ４０５）。
When the relay
次に、位相比較回路１２０における電流の位相対比手順を、図５を参照して説明すると、まず、位相比較回路１２０の位相対比手段１２１が、自端子と相手端子間において、電流の位相を対比する（Ｓ５０１）。具体的には、自端子であるＡ端子と相手端子であるＢ、Ｃ端子のそれぞれに対して、各電流の位相を重なり合わせることで対比処理を実施する。 Next, the phase comparison procedure of the current in the phase comparison circuit 120 will be described with reference to FIG. 5. First, the phase comparison means 121 of the phase comparison circuit 120 compares the phase of the current between its own terminal and the counterpart terminal. (S501). Specifically, the comparison process is performed by superimposing the phases of the currents on the A terminal which is the own terminal and the B and C terminals which are the counterpart terminals.
そして、重なり位相判定手段１２２は、全ての自端子と各相手端子間において、位相対比手段１２１により対比された位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する（Ｓ５０２）。 Then, the overlapping phase determining means 122 determines whether or not the degree of overlapping of the phases compared by the phase comparing means 121 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value between all the own terminals and each counterpart terminal (S502).
これにより、内部事故判定回路１３０は、図示しないが、図４及び５の電流差動保護回路１１０と位相比較回路１２０による差動演算処理及び位相対比処理を基に、電流差動保護回路１１０のリレー動作判定手段１１５により動作判定され（Ｓ４０４）、かつ、位相比較回路１２０の重なり位相判定手段１２２により全ての自端子と相手端子間において位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であると判定された場合に（Ｓ５０２のＹＥＳ）、内部事故であると判定する。 As a result, the internal accident determination circuit 130 is not shown, but based on the differential operation processing and phase comparison processing by the current differential protection circuit 110 and the phase comparison circuit 120 of FIGS. The operation is determined by the relay operation determination unit 115 (S404), and the overlap phase determination unit 122 of the phase comparison circuit 120 determines that the degree of phase overlap is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value between all terminals and the counterpart terminals. If this is the case (YES in S502), it is determined that this is an internal accident.
なお、この内部事故判定回路１３０は、リレーが動作され、かつ、全ての自端子と相手端子間において、位相の重なり度合いが閾値以上であると判定された場合に、内部事故と判定しているので、リレーが不動作と判定され（Ｓ４０５）、あるいは、重なり位相判定手段１２２により全ての自端子と相手端子間において、位相の重なり度合いが閾値以上でないと判定された場合は（Ｓ５０２のＮＯ）、外部事故であると判定する。 The internal accident determination circuit 130 determines an internal accident when the relay is operated and when it is determined that the degree of phase overlap is greater than or equal to the threshold value between all of the terminals and the counterpart terminals. Therefore, if it is determined that the relay is inoperative (S405), or if the overlap phase determination means 122 determines that the degree of phase overlap is not greater than or equal to the threshold value between all the own terminals and the counterpart terminals (NO in S502). Determined as an external accident.
以上のような第１の実施形態によれば、位相比較回路１２０において、電流の位相を対比することができるので、当該電流の位相の重なり度合いに応じて、内部事故であるかの判定を確実に行うことが可能となる。より詳細には、外部事故によりＣＴ飽和が発生し、図１５に示すような電流波形になる場合であっても、位相比較回路１２０の電流位相の対比処理により当該位相に重なりが生じない結果となるので、当該位相比較回路１２０の出力は０となり、内部事故判定回路１３０からの出力も０となる。そのため、外部事故によりＣＴ飽和があっても不動作となり、一方で、内部事故の場合を適切に判断することができる。 According to the first embodiment as described above, since the phase of the current can be compared in the phase comparison circuit 120, whether or not an internal accident has occurred is reliably determined according to the degree of overlap of the phases of the current. Can be performed. More specifically, even when CT saturation occurs due to an external accident and a current waveform as shown in FIG. 15 is obtained, the phase comparison circuit 120 does not overlap the current phase by the current phase comparison processing. Therefore, the output of the phase comparison circuit 120 is 0, and the output from the internal accident determination circuit 130 is also 0. Therefore, even if CT saturation occurs due to an external accident, the operation becomes inoperative. On the other hand, the case of the internal accident can be appropriately determined.
［２．第２の実施形態］
次に、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置について、図６及び７を参照して以下に説明する。なお、位相比較回路１２０以外の構成は第１の実施形態と共通するため、説明は省略し同じ符号を付すものとする。図６は、第２の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の位相比較回路１２０の構成を示すブロック図である。また、第１の実施形態と同様に、送電線の３端子Ａ〜Ｃを保護する場合を例に挙げ、Ａ端子の電流差動保護継電装置の位相比較回路１２０の構成を説明する。
[2. Second Embodiment]
Next, a current differential protection relay device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Since the configuration other than the phase comparison circuit 120 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted and the same reference numerals are given. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the phase comparison circuit 120 of the current differential protection relay device according to the second embodiment. Similarly to the first embodiment, a case where the three terminals A to C of the transmission line are protected will be described as an example, and the configuration of the phase comparison circuit 120 of the A-terminal current differential protection relay device will be described.
図６に示す通り、第２の実施形態に係る位相比較回路１２０は、第１の実施形態が有する構成に加え、相手端子同士（Ｂ端子とＣ端子）でどちらの電流値が大きいかを判定する電流値判定手段１２３を備えている。これにより、位相対比手段１２１は、電流値判定手段１２３により判定された大きい電流側の位相を自端子の電流の位相と対比する。すなわち、電流値判定手段１２３は、位相比較を行う相手端子の電流であるＩｂとＩｃの大きさを比較し、位相対比手段１２１を通じて、大きい方の電流と自端子の電流Ｉａの位相対比を実施する。 As shown in FIG. 6, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, the phase comparison circuit 120 according to the second embodiment determines which current value is greater between the counterpart terminals (B terminal and C terminal). Current value judging means 123 for performing the operation. Thereby, the phase comparison means 121 compares the phase of the large current side determined by the current value determination means 123 with the phase of the current at its own terminal. That is, the current value determination means 123 compares the magnitudes of Ib and Ic, which are currents of the counterpart terminals for phase comparison, and performs phase comparison of the larger current and the current Ia of the own terminal through the phase comparison means 121. To do.
なお、第２の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の内部事故の判定手順は、上記［１．２．作用効果］の図５に示すフローチャートにおいて、Ｓ５０１の前に、電流値判定手段１２３が相手端子同士の電流Ｉｂ、Ｉｃを対比し、そして、このＳ５０１により、位相対比手段１２１が、電流値が大きい方の電流位相と自端子の電流位相とを対比する。 In addition, the determination procedure of the internal accident of the current differential protection relay device according to the second embodiment is described in [1.2. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 of the operation and effect], before S501, the current value determination means 123 compares the currents Ib and Ic of the mating terminals, and by this S501, the phase comparison means 121 has a large current value. The current phase of one side is compared with the current phase of its own terminal.
以上のような第２の実施形態によれば、相手端子同士で電流値を比較し、電流値が大きいほうの端子と自端子の位相を対比することができるので、全ての相手端子の電流との位相比較を実施する必要がなくなり、処理の簡素化を図ることが可能となる。加えて、自端子は事故電流の最大流入端子又は最大流出端子と位相比較を実施することができるので、事故の内外部判定を確実に行うことが可能となる。 According to the second embodiment as described above, the current values of the counterpart terminals can be compared, and the phase of the terminal having the larger current value and the self terminal can be compared. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the phase comparison, and the processing can be simplified. In addition, since the own terminal can perform phase comparison with the maximum inflow terminal or the maximum outflow terminal of the accident current, it is possible to reliably determine the inside / outside of the accident.
なお、第２の実施形態では、位相比較する相手端子として電流値の大きい端子を採用しているが、これに限定するものではなく、Ａ〜Ｃの３端子の例で言えば、Ａ端子の電流差動保護継電装置はＢ端子の電流と、Ｂ端子の電流差動保護継電装置はＣ端子の電流と、Ｃ端子の電流差動保護継電装置はＡ端子の電流と各々位相比較を実施するように予め設定しておく態様も包含する。 In the second embodiment, a terminal having a large current value is adopted as a counterpart terminal for phase comparison. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the example of three terminals A to C, the terminal A Phase comparison between the current differential protection relay device for the B terminal, the current differential protection relay device for the B terminal with the C terminal current, and the current differential protection relay device for the C terminal with the A terminal current The aspect set beforehand to implement is also included.
［３．第３の実施形態］
次に、本発明の第３の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置について、図７を参照して以下に説明する。なお、位相比較回路１２０以外の構成は第１の実施形態と共通するため、説明は省略し同じ符号を付すものとする。図７は、第３の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の位相比較回路１２０の構成を示すブロック図である。また、第１の実施形態と同様に、送電線の３端子Ａ〜Ｃを保護する場合を例に挙げ、Ａ端子（自端子）の保護継電装置の位相比較回路１２０について説明する。
[3. Third Embodiment]
Next, a current differential protection relay device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Since the configuration other than the phase comparison circuit 120 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted and the same reference numerals are given. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the phase comparison circuit 120 of the current differential protection relay device according to the third embodiment. Similarly to the first embodiment, a case where the three terminals A to C of the transmission line are protected will be described as an example, and the phase comparison circuit 120 of the protective relay device for the A terminal (own terminal) will be described.
図７に示す通り、第３の実施形態に係る位相比較回路１２０では、第１の実施形態に係る構成に加え、相手端子同士の電流値の和を算出する電流和算出手段１２４を備えている。これにより、位相対比手段１２１は、位相比較を行う際の相手端子電流に、電流和算出手段１２４により算出されたベクトル和電流の位相を採用し、当該位相と自端子の位相を対比する。 As shown in FIG. 7, the phase comparison circuit 120 according to the third embodiment includes a current sum calculation unit 124 that calculates the sum of the current values of the counterpart terminals in addition to the configuration according to the first embodiment. . Thereby, the phase contrast means 121 employs the phase of the vector sum current calculated by the current sum calculation means 124 as the counterpart terminal current when the phase comparison is performed, and compares the phase with the phase of the own terminal.
すなわち、位相対比手段１２１は、第１の実施形態のような、自端子と各相手端子間毎に電流の位相を対比する手段を有する構成は採用せず、図７の通り、自端子の電流と電流和算出手段１２４により算出された電流和の位相とを対比する構成を有している。 That is, the phase comparison unit 121 does not employ a configuration having a unit for comparing the phase of the current between the own terminal and each counterpart terminal as in the first embodiment, and as shown in FIG. And the phase of the current sum calculated by the current sum calculation means 124 are compared.
また、第３の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の内部事故の判定手順は、上記［１．２．作用効果］の図５に示すフローチャートにおいて、Ｓ５０１の前に、電流和算出手段１２４が相手端子の電流Ｉｂ、Ｉｃの和を算出し、そして、このＳ５０１により、位相対比手段１２１が、算出された電流Ｉｂ、Ｉｃのベクトル和の位相と、自端子の電流の位相とを対比する。 Moreover, the determination procedure of the internal accident of the current differential protection relay device according to the third embodiment is described in [1.2. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 of the operation and effect], before S501, the current sum calculation means 124 calculates the sum of the currents Ib and Ic of the counterpart terminal, and the phase comparison means 121 is calculated by this S501. The phase of the vector sum of the currents Ib and Ic is compared with the phase of the current at the terminal.
以上のような第３の実施形態によれば、相手端子同士の電流和を算出し、当該和電流の位相と自端子の位相を対比することができるので、全ての相手端子の電流との位相比較を実施する必要がなくなり、処理の簡素化を図ることが可能となる。 According to the third embodiment as described above, since the current sum between the counterpart terminals can be calculated and the phase of the sum current and the phase of the self terminal can be compared, the phases with the currents of all the counterpart terminals can be compared. There is no need to perform the comparison, and the processing can be simplified.
［４．第４の実施形態］
次に、本発明の第４の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置について、図８を参照して以下に説明する。なお、下記以外の基本的な構成は第１の実施形態と共通するため、説明は省略し同じ符号を付すものとする。
[4. Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a current differential protection relay device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Since the basic configuration other than the following is common to the first embodiment, the description is omitted and the same reference numerals are given.
図８は、第４の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。また、第１の実施形態と同様に、送電の３端子Ａ〜Ｃを保護する場合を例に挙げ、Ａ端子の電流差動保護継電装置１について説明する。 FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a current differential protection relay device according to the fourth embodiment. Similarly to the first embodiment, a case where the three terminals A to C for power transmission are protected will be described as an example, and the current differential protection relay device 1 for the A terminal will be described.
図８に示す通り、第４の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置１は、第１の実施形態の構成に加え、内部事故判定回路１３０による判定結果を伝送路２を介してＢ端子、Ｃ端子へ転送する転送回路１４０を備えている。また、相手端子において内部事故判定回路１３０により判定された内部事故判定結果を受信する内部事故情報受信回路１５０（１５０ａ、１５０ｂ）と、内部事故情報受信回路１５０を介して受信した各相手端子からの内部事故判定結果と自端子の内部事故判定回路１３０による内部事故判定結果に基づいて、最終的な内部事故のトリップ判定を行う内部事故トリップ判定回路１６０と、を備えている。
As shown in FIG. 8, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, the current differential protection relay device 1 according to the fourth embodiment sends the determination result by the internal accident determination circuit 130 to the B terminal via the
この内部事故トリップ判定回路１６０は、自端子の内部事故判定回路１３０により内部事故と判定され、かつ、各相手端子の内部事故判定回路１３０により内部事故と判定された判定結果を受信した場合に、内部事故によるトリップ指令を出力する。すなわち、Ａ〜Ｃの３端子で言えば、Ｂ端子の内部事故判定結果を転送受信した条件と、Ｃ端子の内部事故判定結果を受信した条件を用い、自端の内部事故判定回路１３０による判定結果とのＡＮＤ条件で、最終的に内部事故Ｔｒｉｐ判定を行う。 When this internal accident trip determination circuit 160 receives a determination result determined as an internal accident by the internal accident determination circuit 130 of the own terminal and determined as an internal accident by the internal accident determination circuit 130 of each counterpart terminal, Outputs a trip command due to an internal accident. That is, in terms of the three terminals A to C, the determination by the internal accident determination circuit 130 at its own end is made using the condition for receiving and receiving the internal accident determination result for the B terminal and the condition for receiving the internal accident determination result for the C terminal. Finally, an internal accident Trip determination is performed under an AND condition with the result.
以上のような第４の実施形態によれば、３端子以上の場合の外部事故において、流出電流の端子に対して位相対比を実施していない端子があっても、流出端子の電流との位相比較を実施し内部事故と判定されない（外部事故と判定する）他端子から当該判定結果が転送されることにより、トリップを阻止することができるので、確実に外部事故による誤動作を回避することが可能となる。 According to the fourth embodiment as described above, in an external accident in the case of three or more terminals, even if there is a terminal that does not perform phase contrast with respect to the terminal of the outflow current, the phase with the current of the outflow terminal The comparison result is not judged as an internal accident (determined as an external accident). By transferring the judgment result from another terminal, tripping can be prevented, so it is possible to reliably avoid malfunctions due to external accidents. It becomes.
［５．第５の実施形態］
次に、本発明の第５の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置について、図９を参照して以下に説明する。なお、位相比較回路１２０以外の構成は第１の実施形態と共通するため、説明は省略し同じ符号を付すものとする。図９は、第５の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の位相比較回路１２０の構成を示すブロック図である。また、第１の実施形態と同様に、送電線の３端子Ａ〜Ｃを保護する場合を例に挙げ、Ａ端子（自端子）の保護継電装置の位相比較回路１２０について説明する。
[5. Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a current differential protection relay device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Since the configuration other than the phase comparison circuit 120 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted and the same reference numerals are given. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the phase comparison circuit 120 of the current differential protection relay device according to the fifth embodiment. Similarly to the first embodiment, a case where the three terminals A to C of the transmission line are protected will be described as an example, and the phase comparison circuit 120 of the protective relay device for the A terminal (own terminal) will be described.
第５の実施形態に係る位相比較回路１２０は、伝送手段を通じて各端子からの電流情報を取得することができるので、第１の実施形態のように自端子を基準とするのではなく、各端子同士の全ての組み合わせに対して電流位相の対比を実施する点に特徴を有する。そのため、図９に示す通り、第５の実施形態に係る位相対比手段１２１は、ＩａとＩｂ、ＩｂとＩｃ、ＩｃとＩａといった、全ての端子電流の組み合わせに対して位相対比を実施する手段１２１ａ、１２１ｂ、１２１ｃから構成されている。
これにより、重なり位相判定手段１２２は、全ての端子間の組み合わせに対して位相対比手段１２１により電流位相が比較され、当該全ての端子間において検出された位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する。
Since the phase comparison circuit 120 according to the fifth embodiment can acquire current information from each terminal through the transmission means, each terminal is not based on its own terminal as in the first embodiment. It is characterized in that the current phase comparison is performed for all the combinations. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the phase comparison means 121 according to the fifth embodiment is a means 121a for performing phase comparison for all combinations of terminal currents such as Ia and Ib, Ib and Ic, and Ic and Ia. , 121b, 121c.
Thereby, the overlapping phase determination unit 122 compares the current phase with the phase comparison unit 121 for all combinations between the terminals, and the degree of overlapping of the phases detected between all the terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Determine whether.
また、第５の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の内部事故の判定手順は、上記［１．２．作用効果］の図５に示すフローチャートにおいて、Ｓ５０１で、位相対比手段１２１は、全ての端子間に対して電流の位相の対比を実施し（ＩａとＩｂ、ＩｂとＩｃ、ＩａとＩｃ）、重なり位相判定手段１２２は、全ての端子間において、位相対比手段１２１により対比された位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する（Ｓ５０２）。 Moreover, the determination procedure of the internal accident of the current differential protection relay device according to the fifth embodiment is described in [1.2. In the flow chart shown in FIG. 5 of the operation and effect], in S501, the phase comparison unit 121 compares the current phases between all the terminals (Ia and Ib, Ib and Ic, Ia and Ic), and overlaps. The phase determination unit 122 determines whether or not the overlapping degree of the phases compared by the phase comparison unit 121 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold among all the terminals (S502).
以上のような第５の実施形態によれば、ある１つの端子の電流差動保護継電装置において、例えば、電流が小さくて当該電流に対する位相対比結果が得られない場合であっても、他端子同士の電流の位相対比結果を用いて、内外部事故かの判定を確実に行うことが可能となる。 According to the fifth embodiment as described above, in the current differential protection relay device of a certain one terminal, for example, even when the current is small and the phase comparison result for the current cannot be obtained, It is possible to reliably determine whether there is an internal / external accident using the phase comparison result of the current between the terminals.
［６．第６の実施形態］
次に、本発明の第６の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置について、図１０を参照して以下に説明する。なお、位相比較回路１２０以外の構成は第１の実施形態と共通するため、説明は省略し同じ符号を付すものとする。
[6. Sixth Embodiment]
Next, a current differential protection relay device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Since the configuration other than the phase comparison circuit 120 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted and the same reference numerals are given.
図１０は、第６の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の位相比較回路１２０の構成を示すブロック図である。また、第１の実施形態と同様に、送電線の３端子Ａ〜Ｃを保護する場合を例に挙げ、Ａ端子（自端子）の保護継電装置１の位相比較回路１２０について説明する。 FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the phase comparison circuit 120 of the current differential protection relay device according to the sixth embodiment. Similarly to the first embodiment, the case where the three terminals A to C of the power transmission line are protected will be described as an example, and the phase comparison circuit 120 of the protective relay device 1 of the A terminal (own terminal) will be described.
図１０に示す通り、第６の実施形態に係る位相比較回路１２０は、第１の実施形態に係る位相比較回路１２０の構成に加えて、電流の大きさが位相対比に必要とする所定のレベル（電流量）以上であるかを判定する電流レベル判定手段１２５を備えている。なお、具体的には、各電流Ｉａ、Ｉｂ、Ｉｃに対してレベル判定を実施する手段１２５ａ、１２５ｂ、１２５ｃから構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 10, in addition to the configuration of the phase comparison circuit 120 according to the first embodiment, the phase comparison circuit 120 according to the sixth embodiment has a predetermined level that the magnitude of the current requires for phase comparison. Current level determination means 125 for determining whether or not (current amount) is equal to or greater is provided. Specifically, it comprises means 125a, 125b, 125c for performing level determination for each current Ia, Ib, Ic.
これにより、位相対比手段１２１は、電流レベル判定手段１２５により所定のレベル以上と判定された端子の電流に対して位相の対比を実施する（ここでは、自端子と相手端子間の電流の位相を対比する）。 Thereby, the phase contrast unit 121 performs phase contrast on the current of the terminal determined by the current level determination unit 125 to be equal to or higher than the predetermined level (here, the phase of the current between the own terminal and the counterpart terminal is calculated). Contrast).
また、第６の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の内部事故の判定手順は、上記［１．２．作用効果］の図５に示すフローチャートにおいて、Ｓ５０１の位相対比処理の前に、電流レベル判定手段１２５により各電流に対して所定のレベル以上であるを判定し、その後、位相対比手段１２１が、所定のレベル以上の端子の電流に対して位相の対比を実施する。 Moreover, the determination procedure of the internal accident of the current differential protection relay device according to the sixth embodiment is described in [1.2. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 of the operation and effect], before the phase comparison processing in S501, the current level determination means 125 determines that each current is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, and then the phase comparison means 121 The phase contrast is performed for the current of the terminal above the level.
より詳細には、電流Ｉａ、Ｉｂ、Ｉｃの各々に対して、電流レベル判定手段１２５は、位相対比に必要な所定のレベル以上であるかを判定し、その上で、位相対比手段１２１は、対比する２つの電流が前記所定のレベル以上であれば、位相の対比を実施するが、いずれか１つでも所定のレベル以下であれば電流位相の対比は行わず、もちろん電流位相の重なりも検出されない。 More specifically, for each of the currents Ia, Ib, and Ic, the current level determination unit 125 determines whether the current level is equal to or higher than a predetermined level necessary for the phase comparison, and then the phase comparison unit 121 If the two currents to be compared are equal to or higher than the predetermined level, phase comparison is performed. However, if any one of the two currents is lower than the predetermined level, current phase comparison is not performed and, of course, current phase overlap is also detected. Not.
以上のような第６の実施形態によれば、端子の電流が所定のレベルを下回る場合には、当該電流に対する位相対比は行わないので、当該位相対比の判定精度を向上させ、それ故に、内部事故の判定に対する確実性も高めることができる。 According to the sixth embodiment as described above, when the terminal current is lower than the predetermined level, the phase contrast for the current is not performed, so that the determination accuracy of the phase contrast is improved. Certainty for accident determination can also be increased.
［７．第７の実施形態］
［７．１．構成］
次に、本発明の第７の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の構成について、図１１を参照して以下に説明する。なお、下記に示すもの以外の基本構成は第１の実施形態と共通するため、説明は省略し同じ符号を付すものとする。
[7. Seventh Embodiment]
[7.1. Constitution]
Next, the configuration of the current differential protection relay device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In addition, since basic structures other than the thing shown below are common in 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted and shall attach | subject the same code | symbol.
図１１は、第７の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置の構成を示すブロック図である。また、第１の実施形態と同様に、送電線の３端子Ａ〜Ｃを保護する場合を例に挙げ、Ａ端子（自端子）の保護継電装置１について説明する。 FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a current differential protection relay device according to the seventh embodiment. Moreover, similarly to 1st Embodiment, the case where 3 terminals AC of a power transmission line are protected is mentioned as an example, and the protection relay apparatus 1 of A terminal (own terminal) is demonstrated.
図１１に示す通り、第７の実施形態に係る電流差動保護継電装置１は、第１の実施形態と同様の電流差動保護回路１１０、位相比較回路１２０及び内部事故判定回路１３０に加え、下記に示す位相比較使用条件判定回路１７０を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 11, the current differential protection relay device 1 according to the seventh embodiment includes a current differential protection circuit 110, a phase comparison circuit 120, and an internal accident determination circuit 130 similar to those in the first embodiment. A phase comparison use condition determination circuit 170 shown below is provided.
この位相比較使用条件判定回路１７０は、電流差動保護回路１１０において、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により小電流域特性が動作すると判定され、かつ、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により大電流域特性が不動作であると判定されるといった条件が成立するかを判定する条件判定手段１７１を有している。加えて、位相比較使用条件判定回路１７０は、この条件判定手段１７１により上記条件が成立すると判定された場合に、位相比較回路１２０による位相対比処理を実施させる位相比較使用指令手段１７２と、を有している。 The phase comparison use condition determining circuit 170 determines that the small current region characteristic is operated by the small current region characteristic determining unit 113 in the current differential protection circuit 110 and the large current region characteristic determining unit 114 is the large current region characteristic. Has a condition determination means 171 for determining whether or not a condition such as is determined to be inoperative is satisfied. In addition, the phase comparison use condition determination circuit 170 has phase comparison use command means 172 that causes the phase comparison circuit 120 to perform phase comparison processing when the condition determination means 171 determines that the above condition is satisfied. doing.
なお、第７の実施形態に係る内部事故判定回路１３０は、条件判定手段１７１により、小電流域特性が動作し、かつ、大電流域特性が不動作であるとの条件が成立すると判定された場合には、位相比較使用指令手段１７２を介して、位相比較回路１２０による位相対比処理の結果に基づいて内部事故判定を実施し、一方、上記条件が成立しないと判定された場合には、電流差動保護回路１１０による電流差動演算結果に基づいて内部事故判定を実施する。 The internal accident determination circuit 130 according to the seventh embodiment is determined by the condition determination unit 171 that the condition that the small current region characteristic operates and the large current region characteristic does not operate is satisfied. In this case, the internal accident determination is performed based on the result of the phase comparison processing by the phase comparison circuit 120 via the phase comparison use command means 172. On the other hand, if it is determined that the above condition is not satisfied, Based on the current differential calculation result by the differential protection circuit 110, an internal accident determination is performed.
［７．２．作用効果］
次に、上記のような構成を有する電流差動保護継電装置１による内部事故の判定手順を、図１２のフローチャートを参照して以下に説明する。
[7.2. Effect]
Next, an internal accident determination procedure by the current differential protection relay device 1 having the above-described configuration will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
まず、第１の実施形態と同様に、電流差動保護回路１１０の動作量演算手段１１１が、前記［数１］に基づき、保護区間内の電流であるＩａ、Ｉｂ、Ｉｃのベクトル和である差動電流Ｉｄ（動作量）を演算し（Ｓ１２０１）、抑制量演算手段１１２が、前記［数２］に基づき、各端子の電流値の大きさのスカラー和のΣ｜Ｉ｜である抑制量を演算する（Ｓ１２０２）。 First, as in the first embodiment, the operation amount calculation unit 111 of the current differential protection circuit 110 is a vector sum of Ia, Ib, and Ic, which are currents in the protection interval, based on the [Equation 1]. The differential current Id (operation amount) is calculated (S1201), and the suppression amount calculation means 112 is a suppression amount that is Σ | I | of the scalar sum of the magnitudes of the current values of the respective terminals based on [Formula 2]. Is calculated (S1202).
そして、動作量演算手段１１１及び抑制量演算手段１１２により動作量、抑制量が演算されると、当該動作量と抑制量に基づいて、位相比較使用条件判定回路１７０の条件判定手段１７１が、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］式が成立すると判定され、かつ、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］式が成立しないと判定されるか、を判定する（Ｓ１２０３）。すなわち、条件判定手段１７１は、小電流域特性が動作し、かつ、大電流域特性が不動作であるとの条件が成立するかを判定する。 When the operation amount and the suppression amount are calculated by the operation amount calculation unit 111 and the suppression amount calculation unit 112, the condition determination unit 171 of the phase comparison use condition determination circuit 170 is small based on the operation amount and the suppression amount. It is determined by the current range characteristic determination unit 113 that the above [Equation 3] is satisfied, and the large current range characteristic determination unit 114 determines that the [Equation 4] is not satisfied (S1203). . That is, the condition determination unit 171 determines whether the condition that the small current region characteristic operates and the large current region characteristic does not operate is satisfied.
条件判定手段１７１により上記条件が成立しないと判定されると（Ｓ１２０３のＮＯ）、電流差動保護回路１１０のリレー動作判定手段１１５を介して、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］式が成立し、かつ、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］式が成立するかを判定する（Ｓ１２０４）。
If it is determined by the condition determining unit 171 that the above condition is not satisfied (NO in S1203), the small current range characteristic determining unit 113 performs the above [Equation 3] via the relay
リレー動作判定手段１１５が、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］式が成立し、かつ、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］式が成立すると判定した場合には（Ｓ１２０４のＹＥＳ）、当該リレー動作判定手段１１５はリレーを動作とする（Ｓ１２０５）。これに対し、リレー動作判定手段１１５が、小電流域特性判定手段１１３により前記［数３］式が成立しない、あるいは、大電流域特性判定手段１１４により前記［数４］式が成立しないと判定した場合には（Ｓ１２０４のＮＯ）、リレーを不動作とする（Ｓ１２０６）。
When the relay
一方、条件判定手段１７１により上記条件が成立すると判定された場合には（Ｓ１２０３のＹＥＳ）、位相比較使用条件判定回路１７０の位相比較使用指令手段１７２が、位相比較回路１２０に対して位相対比処理の指令を下す（Ｓ１２０７）。これにより、位相比較回路１２０の位相対比手段１２１が、自端子と相手端子間において、電流の位相を対比し（Ｓ１２０８）、重なり位相判定手段１２２は、全ての自端子と各相手端子間において、位相対比手段１２１により対比された位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する（Ｓ１２０９）。 On the other hand, if it is determined by the condition determination means 171 that the above condition is satisfied (YES in S1203), the phase comparison use command means 172 of the phase comparison use condition determination circuit 170 performs phase comparison processing on the phase comparison circuit 120. Is issued (S1207). Thereby, the phase comparison means 121 of the phase comparison circuit 120 compares the phase of the current between the own terminal and the counterpart terminal (S1208), and the overlapping phase determination means 122 determines that all the own terminals and each counterpart terminal are It is determined whether or not the degree of phase overlap compared by the position relative ratio means 121 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold (S1209).
そして、内部事故判定回路１３０は、電流差動保護回路１１０のリレー動作判定手段１１５により動作判定された場合（Ｓ１２０５）、あるいは。位相比較回路１２０の重なり位相判定手段１２２により全ての自端子と相手端子間において位相の重なり度合いが所定の閾値以上であると判定された場合には（Ｓ１２０９のＹＥＳ）、内部事故判定回路１３０は内部事故であると判定する（Ｓ１２１０）。 The internal accident determination circuit 130 is determined to be operated by the relay operation determination means 115 of the current differential protection circuit 110 (S1205). If the overlap phase determination means 122 of the phase comparison circuit 120 determines that the degree of phase overlap between all the own terminals and the counterpart terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold (YES in S1209), the internal accident determination circuit 130 It is determined that this is an internal accident (S1210).
なお、内部事故判定回路１３０は、リレーが不動作と判定され（Ｓ１２０６）、あるいは、重なり位相判定手段１２２により全ての自端子と相手端子間において、位相の重なり度合いが閾値以上でないと判定された場合は（Ｓ１２０９のＮＯ）、外部事故であると判定する（Ｓ１２１１）。 The internal accident determination circuit 130 determines that the relay is inoperative (S1206), or the overlap phase determination means 122 determines that the degree of phase overlap is not greater than or equal to the threshold value between all the own terminals and the counterpart terminals. In the case (NO in S1209), it is determined that the accident is an external accident (S1211).
以上のような第７の実施形態によれば、下記のような効果を奏することができる。ＣＴ飽和が発生する場合は、直流分の影響等により事故発生第１波目は飽和が浅く、第２波目以降に飽和が深くなる傾向があるため、第１波目では小電流域特性が動作し、大電流域特性が不動作の条件が成立する（図１０のα領域）。そこで、第７の実施形態では、電流差動保護演算の軌跡がα領域に存在したことを条件に位相比較回路１２０の出力を有効とすることにより、第２波目のＣＴ飽和による誤動作を確実に阻止することが可能となる。 According to the seventh embodiment as described above, the following effects can be obtained. When CT saturation occurs, due to the influence of the direct current, etc., the first wave where the accident occurred has a shallow saturation and the saturation tends to deepen after the second wave. It operates and the condition that the large current region characteristic does not operate is established (α region in FIG. 10). Therefore, in the seventh embodiment, by making the output of the phase comparison circuit 120 valid on the condition that the locus of the current differential protection calculation exists in the α region, the malfunction due to the CT saturation of the second wave is ensured. Can be prevented.
一方、流出を伴う内部事故は高抵抗を伴う地絡など事故電流が小さい場合が殆どであり、この場合はＣＴ飽和を伴わず、電流差動保護演算の軌跡がα領域に存在せずに、電流差動保護回路の動作域に入ってくる。そのため、第７の実施形態では、位相比較回路１２０の出力を使用せずに電流差動保護回路１１０の出力のみで内部事故判定を実施することにより、流出を伴う内部事故でも、確実に内部事故判定を可能とすることができ、本来の内部事故検出感度を損なうことがない On the other hand, most of the internal accidents involving outflows have small fault currents such as ground faults with high resistance.In this case, CT saturation is not involved, and the current differential protection calculation locus does not exist in the α region. It enters the operating range of the current differential protection circuit. Therefore, in the seventh embodiment, the internal accident determination is performed only by using the output of the current differential protection circuit 110 without using the output of the phase comparison circuit 120, so that an internal accident can be reliably ensured even in the case of an internal accident involving outflow. Judgment is possible and does not impair the original internal accident detection sensitivity.
［他の実施形態］
なお、本発明は、上記のようなＡ〜Ｃの３端子を用いた送電線保護システムの構成に限定するものではなく、２端子又は４端子以上の構成を採用する実施形態も包含し、もちろん、上記と同様の作用効果を奏することができる。
[Other Embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the power transmission line protection system using the three terminals A to C as described above, and includes embodiments that employ a configuration of two terminals or four terminals or more. The same effects as described above can be obtained.
また、本発明は、電流差動保護継電回路に対して、小電流域特性と大電流域特性の２特性を判断する構成に限定するものではなく、中電流域特性も判断する３特性、あるいは４特性以上の組み合わせの特性を判断する実施形態も包含する。 In addition, the present invention is not limited to the configuration for determining the two characteristics of the small current region characteristic and the large current region characteristic for the current differential protection relay circuit, but the three characteristics for determining the medium current region characteristic, Or the embodiment which judges the characteristic of the combination more than four characteristics is also included.
１…電流差動保護継電装置
２…伝送路
１１０…電流差動保護回路
１１１…動作量演算手段
１１２…抑制量演算手段
１１３…小電流域特性判定手段
１１４…大電流域特性判定手段
１１５…リレー動作判定手段
１２０…位相比較回路
１２１、１２１ａ、１２１ｂ、１２１ｃ…位相対比手段
１２１ｂ…手段
１２２…重なり位相判定手段
１２３…電流値判定手段
１２４…電流和算出手段
１２５、１２５ａ、１２５ｂ、１２５ｃ…電流レベル判定手段
１３０…内部事故判定回路
１４０…転送回路
１５０、１５０ａ、１５０ｂ…内部事故情報受信回路
１６０…内部事故トリップ判定回路
１７０…位相比較使用条件判定回路
１７１…条件判定手段
１７２…位相比較使用指令手段
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Current differential
Claims (5)
相手端子間で電流値の大小を判定する電流値判定手段と、
自端子と前記電流値判定手段により大きいと判定された端子間の電流位相を対比する対比手段と、
前記対比手段により対比された全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する重なり判定手段と、を有する位相比較回路と、
前記位相比較回路の重なり判定手段により全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であると判定され、かつ、前記電流差動保護回路によりリレー動作と判定された場合に、内部事故が生じていると判定する内部事故判定回路と、
を備えたことを特徴とする電流差動保護継電装置。 A current differential protection circuit is provided at each terminal of the transmission line, and performs a relay operation determination based on an operation amount that is a vector sum of current values of each terminal and a suppression amount that is a scalar sum of current values of each terminal. Current differential protection relay device,
Current value determination means for determining the magnitude of the current value between the counterpart terminals;
Contrast means for comparing a current phase between the terminal determined to be larger than the current terminal and the current value determination means;
A phase comparison circuit comprising: an overlap determination unit that determines whether or not the phase overlap between all terminals compared by the comparison unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
An internal fault occurs when the phase comparison circuit overlap determination means determines that the phase overlap between all terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold and the current differential protection circuit determines relay operation. An internal accident determination circuit that determines that
A current differential protection relay device comprising:
相手端子間の電流値の和を算出する電流和算出手段と、
自端子の電流と前記電流和算出手段により算出された和電流の位相を対比する対比手段と、
前記対比手段により対比された全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定する重なり判定手段と、を有する位相比較回路と、
前記位相比較回路の重なり判定手段により全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であると判定され、かつ、前記電流差動保護回路によりリレー動作と判定された場合に、内部事故が生じていると判定する内部事故判定回路と、
を備えたことを特徴とする電流差動保護継電装置。 A current differential protection circuit is provided at each terminal of the transmission line, and performs a relay operation determination based on an operation amount that is a vector sum of current values of each terminal and a suppression amount that is a scalar sum of current values of each terminal. Current differential protection relay device,
Current sum calculation means for calculating the sum of current values between the mating terminals;
Contrast means for comparing the current of the terminal with the phase of the sum current calculated by the current sum calculation means;
A phase comparison circuit comprising: an overlap determination unit that determines whether or not the phase overlap between all terminals compared by the comparison unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
An internal fault occurs when the phase comparison circuit overlap determination means determines that the phase overlap between all terminals is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold and the current differential protection circuit determines relay operation. An internal accident determination circuit that determines that
A current differential protection relay device comprising:
他の電流差動保護継電装置の内部事故判定回路からの判定結果を受信する受信回路と、
自身の内部事故判定回路による判定結果と前記受信回路を通じて受信した他の端子における内部事故の判定結果から、全ての判定結果で内部事故であると判定されている場合にトリップ指令を出力するトリップ回路と、
を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の電流差動保護継電装置。 A transfer circuit for transferring the determination result of the internal accident by the internal accident determination circuit to another current differential protection relay device;
A receiving circuit for receiving a determination result from an internal accident determination circuit of another current differential protection relay device;
A trip circuit that outputs a trip command when it is determined that an internal accident is found in all determination results from the determination result of its own internal accident determination circuit and the determination result of an internal accident at another terminal received through the receiving circuit. When,
The current differential protection relay device according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising:
前記対比手段は、前記電流レベル判定手段により所定値以上と判定された端子間の電流位相を対比することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の電流差動保護継電装置。 The phase comparison circuit includes a current level determination unit that determines whether a current value of each terminal is equal to or greater than a predetermined value required for phase comparison by the comparison unit,
The current differential protection relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the comparison means compares a current phase between terminals determined to be equal to or greater than a predetermined value by the current level determination means. apparatus.
前記動作量と前記抑制量から小電流域で動作するかを判定する小電流域判定手段と、
前記動作量と前記抑制量から大電流域で動作するかを判定する大電流域判定手段と、
前記小電流域で動作し、かつ、前記大電流域特性で動作する場合にリレーを動作すると判定するリレー動作判定手段と、を備え、
前記小電流域判定手段により小電流域特性で動作し、かつ、大電流域判定手段により大電流域特性で不動作との条件が成立するかを判定する条件判定手段と、
前記条件判定手段により前記条件が成立すると判定された場合に、前記位相比較回路に対して各端子間の電流位相の対比処理を実施するよう指令を下す指令手段と、
を有する位相比較使用条件判定回路を備え、
前記電流差動保護回路では、前記条件判定手段により前記条件が成立しないと判定された場合に、リレー動作判定手段が、前記小電流域で動作し、かつ、前記大電流域特性で動作するリレー動作であるかを判定し、
前記位相比較回路では、前記条件判定手段により前記条件が成立すると判定された場合に、前記指令手段から指令に基づき、前記対比手段が、前記端子間の電流位相を重ねることで対比し、前記重なり判定手段が、前記対比手段により対比された全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であるかを判定し、
前記内部事故判定回路は、前記電流差動保護回路のリレー動作判定手段によりリレー動作と判定された場合、あるいは、前記位相比較回路の重なり判定手段により全ての端子間の位相の重なりが所定の閾値以上であると判定された場合に、内部事故が生じていると判定することを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の電流差動保護継電装置。
The current differential protection circuit is:
A small current region determining means for determining whether to operate in a small current region from the operation amount and the suppression amount;
A large current region determining means for determining whether to operate in a large current region from the operation amount and the suppression amount;
Relay operation determining means that operates in the small current region and determines that the relay operates when operating in the large current region characteristic;
Condition determining means for operating with a small current region characteristic by the small current region determining means, and for determining whether a condition of non-operation with the large current region characteristic is satisfied by the large current region determining means;
Command means for instructing the phase comparison circuit to perform a current phase comparison process between the terminals when the condition determination means determines that the condition is satisfied;
A phase comparison use condition determination circuit having
In the current differential protection circuit, when the condition determining unit determines that the condition is not satisfied, the relay operation determining unit operates in the small current region and operates in the large current region characteristic. Determine if it is an action,
In the phase comparison circuit, when the condition determination unit determines that the condition is satisfied, the comparison unit compares the current phase between the terminals by overlapping based on a command from the command unit, and the overlap The determination means determines whether or not the phase overlap between all terminals compared by the comparison means is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value,
When the internal accident determination circuit determines that the relay operation is performed by the relay operation determination unit of the current differential protection circuit, or when the overlap determination unit of the phase comparison circuit determines that the phase overlap between all terminals is a predetermined threshold value. 3. The current differential protection relay device according to claim 1, wherein when it is determined as described above, it is determined that an internal accident has occurred.
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