JP5334574B2 - 符号化開口画像システム - Google Patents
符号化開口画像システム Download PDFInfo
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- G01T1/2921—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions; Radio-isotope cameras
- G01T1/295—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions; Radio-isotope cameras using coded aperture devices, e.g. Fresnel zone plates
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Description
復号はデコンボリューションを使用して行われ、
S’(x,y)=F−1[F(D(x,y))/F(A(x,y))]=S(x,y)+F−1[F(N(x,y))/F(A(x,y))] (2)
ここで、Fはフーリエ変換演算子である。計算上効率的であるが、F(A(x,y))は小さい項を有すること(例えば、大きな2値アレイの一般的性質)があり、ノイズの再現をもたらす。適切なマスク設計はこの影響を最小にすることになる。正確なデコンボリューションがノイズに影響されやすいことはよく知られており、したがって、検出器ノイズがいくつかの他のものよりもこのアルゴリズムに影響することがある。多くのフーリエベースの手法におけるように、高速フーリエ変換(FFT)の速度がこのアルゴリズムの効率的な計算処理の実施をもたらすことができる。図5はこのアルゴリズムの使用の結果を示す。オリジナルの3〜5μm帯の情景50がランダム2値マスク52を使用して画像化された。検出器アレイで記録された画素強度54は符号化されたパターンであることが分かる。これは復号されて、逆転アルゴリズムを使用してオリジナル画像の高品質バージョン56が生成された。
解空間の反復探索を使用して高品質画像を回復することができる。これらの技法の例は最大エントロピー法およびLand Weberアルゴリズムを含む。これらはより柔軟であり、先験的情報、優先順位付けられた復号、およびノイズによる影響の最小化の組込みを可能にすることができる。非常に高品質の再現を達成することができるが、これらのアルゴリズムの反復の性質は特に大きなアレイサイズに対してそれらを比較的遅くする。
マスクを通して検出されたフォトンを情景の特定の角度位置の方に後方投射することによって、選択された領域に関する画像を再現することが可能である。このように、利用可能な計算リソースを注目する情景の部分に向けることができる。したがって、この手法は、CAI技法を使用して情景の窩状で柔軟な画像化を行うための別の有用な技法である。
CAIは核医学などの用途で3D画像回復に使用されている。そのような用途では、CAIはしばしば「インコヒーレントホログラフィ」と呼ばれる。これの理由は、CAI画像が2次元強度分布であり(多くのホログラムとして)、復号核の適切な選択によって(ホログラフィ中の正しい「参照波」の使用と同様に)情景の3D情報を回復することができることである。深さ解像度は一般にx−y解像度よりも1桁少ない。図6は簡単な原理を示し、システムからさらに離れた光源60が62におけるより近い陰影よりも符号化開口の小さい陰影を投じる。
Claims (27)
- 検出器アレイ(8)および符号化開口マスク手段(6)を備える符号化開口画像システムであって、該システム(2)が、紫外帯、可視帯、または赤外帯において操作され、符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、
a) 様々な視野、および、
b) 可変画像暗号化、
のうちの1つを提供するように構成された符号化開口アレイを生成するために電気的に再構成可能であり、
符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、複数の開口を有し、各開口が、異なる符号化開口アレイを提供するために透過性の状態および不透明な状態の間で、または反射性の状態および不透明な状態の間で個々に切り替えることができることを特徴とする符号化開口画像システム。 - 符号化開口アレイが様々な視野を有し、各符号化開口アレイが符号化開口マスク手段(6)の符号化開口マスクの一部を占め、マスク中の各符号化開口アレイの位置が視野を画定することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の画像システム。
- 再構成可能な符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、符号化開口マスク手段(6)の少なくとも1つの符号化開口マスクを書き込むように構成されたコントローラ(12)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の画像システム。
- コントローラが、複数の異なる符号化開口マスクが書き込めるように予めプログラムされていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の画像システム。
- 符号化開口マスク手段(6)が非平面であることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の画像システム。
- 非平面の符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、設置されるプラットフォームの外部表面の一部を形成することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の画像システム。
- 非平面の符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、空気抵抗の少ない空力学的な形状を有することを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の画像システム。
- 符号化開口マスク手段が、150ms未満、100ms未満、50ms未満、15ms未満、10ms未満、または5ms未満で再構成可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の画像システム。
- 符号化開口マスク手段が空間光変調器を備えることを特徴とする、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の画像システム。
- 空間光変調器が双安定であることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の画像システム。
- 空間光変調器が液晶デバイスであることを特徴とする、請求項9または10に記載の画像システム。
- 画像を提供するために検出器アレイの出力を復号するように構成されたプロセッサ(10)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の画像システム。
- プロセッサ(10)が、検出器アレイの出力を復号するために様々な復号アルゴリズムを適用するように構成されることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の画像システム。
- プロセッサ(10)が、各フレームごとに異なる符号化開口マスク(6)を使用して検出器アレイの出力からデータの複数のフレームを取得し、該フレームを組み合わせるように構成されることを特徴とする、請求項12または13に記載の画像システム。
- 検出器アレイの復号されていない出力を送信/記録するための送信機/レコーダーを備える、請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の画像システム。
- 再構成可能な符号化開口マスク手段が、画像暗号化を変えるために、表示された符号化開口マスクを変えるように構成されることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の画像システム。
- 放射を符号化開口マスクを通して受け取るように配置された複数の検出器アレイを有する、請求項1から16のいずれかに記載の符号化開口画像システム。
- 各検出器アレイが、放射を受け取るための活性な検出器区域および非活性な周辺区域を有することを特徴とする、請求項17に記載の符号化開口画像システム。
- 少なくとも1つの検出器アレイの活性な区域が隣の検出器アレイの活性な区域と境界線を共にしないことを特徴とする、請求項18に記載の符号化開口画像システム。
- 符号化開口マスク手段(6)によって情景(4)を見るように検出器アレイ(8)を構成するステップを含む、符号化開口の画像化方法であって、該方法が、紫外帯、可視帯、または赤外帯において実行され、該方法が、符号化開口マスクを符号化開口マスク手段(6)に書き込むステップを含み、符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、
a) 様々な視野、および、
b) 可変画像暗号化、
のうちの1つを提供するように構成された符号化開口アレイを生成するために再構成可能であり、
符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、複数の開口を有し、各開口が、異なる符号化開口アレイを提供するために透過性の状態および不透明な状態の間で、または反射性の状態および不透明な状態の間で個々に切り替えることができることを特徴とする方法。 - 第1の符号化開口マスクおよび第2の符号化開口マスクを符号化開口マスク手段(6)に連続して書き込む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 画像を提供するために検出器アレイの出力を復号するステップを含むことを特徴とする、請求項20または21に記載の方法。
- 復号のステップが、デコンボリューションアルゴリズム、相互相関アルゴリズム、および反復解探索の1つまたは複数を検出器アレイの出力に適用することを含むことを特徴とする、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 復号のステップが、各フレームごとに異なる符号化開口マスクを使用して取得されたデータのフレームを組み合わせることを含むことを特徴とする、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 符号化開口マスク手段(6)が非平面であることを特徴とする、請求項20から24のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 非平面の符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、設置されるプラットフォームの外部表面の一部を形成することを特徴とする、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 非平面の符号化開口マスク手段(6)が、空気抵抗の少ない空力学的な形状を有することを特徴とする、請求項25または26に記載の方法。
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GB0510470.8 | 2005-05-23 | ||
GBGB0510470.8A GB0510470D0 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2005-05-23 | Coded aperture imaging system |
PCT/GB2006/001890 WO2006125975A1 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2006-05-23 | Coded aperture imaging system |
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JP2008542863A JP2008542863A (ja) | 2008-11-27 |
JP5334574B2 true JP5334574B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
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US (1) | US7888626B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1883839B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5334574B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20080021040A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101228460A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006250988A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2608377A1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB0510470D0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006125975A1 (ja) |
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US11375103B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2022-06-28 | Sony Corporation | Imaging device, image processing apparatus, and image processing method |
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GB0510470D0 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2005-06-29 | Qinetiq Ltd | Coded aperture imaging system |
GB2434935A (en) | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | Qinetiq Ltd | Coded aperture imager using reference object to form decoding pattern |
GB2434877A (en) | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | Qinetiq Ltd | MOEMS optical modulator |
GB0602380D0 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2006-03-15 | Qinetiq Ltd | Imaging system |
GB2434937A (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | Qinetiq Ltd | Coded aperture imaging apparatus performing image enhancement |
GB2434934A (en) | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | Qinetiq Ltd | Processing coded aperture image data by applying weightings to aperture functions and data frames |
GB2434936A (en) | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | Qinetiq Ltd | Imaging system having plural distinct coded aperture arrays at different mask locations |
GB0615040D0 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2006-09-06 | Qinetiq Ltd | Processing method for coded apperture sensor |
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2005
- 2005-05-23 GB GBGB0510470.8A patent/GB0510470D0/en not_active Ceased
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2006
- 2006-05-23 CN CNA2006800269897A patent/CN101228460A/zh active Pending
- 2006-05-23 KR KR1020077029867A patent/KR20080021040A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-05-23 WO PCT/GB2006/001890 patent/WO2006125975A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-05-23 JP JP2008512909A patent/JP5334574B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-05-23 US US11/920,345 patent/US7888626B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-05-23 CA CA002608377A patent/CA2608377A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (2)
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US11223787B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2022-01-11 | Sony Corporation | Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and imaging apparatus |
US11375103B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2022-06-28 | Sony Corporation | Imaging device, image processing apparatus, and image processing method |
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WO2006125975A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
GB0510470D0 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
US20090095912A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
EP1883839B1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
US7888626B2 (en) | 2011-02-15 |
EP1883839A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 |
CN101228460A (zh) | 2008-07-23 |
JP2008542863A (ja) | 2008-11-27 |
CA2608377A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
KR20080021040A (ko) | 2008-03-06 |
AU2006250988A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
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