JP5155080B2 - Water separation and drying treatment system for livestock manure - Google Patents

Water separation and drying treatment system for livestock manure Download PDF

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JP5155080B2
JP5155080B2 JP2008243484A JP2008243484A JP5155080B2 JP 5155080 B2 JP5155080 B2 JP 5155080B2 JP 2008243484 A JP2008243484 A JP 2008243484A JP 2008243484 A JP2008243484 A JP 2008243484A JP 5155080 B2 JP5155080 B2 JP 5155080B2
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livestock manure
powder
water
wood
fine powder
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剛 小野寺
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste

Description

本発明は、家畜糞尿と叩解かんな屑とを混合して家畜糞尿から水分を離水させつつ乾燥工程で乾燥させ、自燃焼性の複合バイオマス燃料とする家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a water separation / drying system for livestock manure which is mixed with livestock manure and beating scraps and dried in a drying process while water is removed from livestock manure, and used as a self-combustible composite biomass fuel.

従来、わが国では、家畜糞尿等の処理は、大筋堆肥製造により畑地・牧草地等に散布・施用されているが、堆肥製造工程での発酵完熟に時間とコストがかかるだけでなく、悪臭の拡散・水質汚染等の環境汚染が大きな問題となっている。
多くのバイオマスを燃料として扱うには、家畜糞尿は水分を多量に含んでいるため、水分含有率が高く、そのまま着火しようとしても燃えず、着火の容易性のために多くの技術が報告されている。
例えば、家畜糞尿にオガ屑を投入して水分調整する方法により、水分を低減して運搬可能にする堆肥化処理(特許文献１)が提案されているが、畑地の過剰窒素化の問題がある。
また、家畜糞尿に助材を投入し、脱水して固形化して燃料や肥料にする方法(特許文献２)が提案されているが、助材としてパルプ滓などを使用したときに乾燥後の生成物の含有水分量が高くなり、固形までに長時間を要し、セルロース廃棄物に水分調整材として乾燥ペレットの一部を混入して用い、造粒後に乾燥する手段(特許文献３)が提案されているが、工程管理の煩わしさがあり、微細粉と家畜糞尿を機械撹拌して摩擦熱で水分を蒸発させて乾燥する方法(特許文献４)が提案されているが、大容量の撹拌モーターを数百〜千数百ｒｐｍの高速運転をしているので、安全性の確保とエネルギー消費の問題がある。また、植物性有機物粉砕方法及びその装置で様々な植物性有機物を粉砕処理(特許文献５)が提案されているが、装置が複雑になり、家畜糞尿と木質系の炭化物もしくは半炭化物を所定の重量比で混合し、これを乾燥させ燃焼させる手段(特許文献６)が提案され、燃焼工程において発生した熱を混合物の乾燥に利用しているが、燃焼炉を用いているので、多量の化石燃料の必要がある。
また、おしめ製造工程から生じる不良品の吸水性樹脂を利用する家畜糞尿の処理材(特許文献７)もあるが、吸水性樹脂の高熱焼却や不良品材料という原料の安定供給に、さらに、特許文献８では、水分２０％以下のオガ屑を水分調整材として使用することも提案されているが、水分調整のための装置の大型化の問題等がある。
そこで、本発明者らは、上記従来技術の改善として、木質系材料（オガ屑）と家畜糞尿を混合し乾燥することによって、家畜糞尿の有機物から水分を２５％程度まで乾燥させ、石油代替燃料とする提案（特許文献９）をしたが、この技術では、水分含有率が２５％程度でも、未だ安定した自燃焼性が得られず、ボイラーの補助バーナーで化石燃料の必要があった。
上述するように、従来の家畜糞尿の燃焼化処理システムでは、高熱を発生させる装置（化石燃料を使用する石油ボイラー、ガスボイラー、電熱装置等）を稼動させることによって家畜糞尿の水分を蒸発させるため、燃料コストが嵩むだけでなく、環境性能も悪く、危険性も伴い、作業時間も長くかかり、乾燥した家畜糞尿は依然として含有水分率が高く、燃料として燃焼をさせるのに補助バーナーを必要とし、化石燃料を多く要する等の問題がある。 Traditionally, in Japan, livestock manure, etc. has been sprayed and applied to fields, pastures, etc. by the production of rough compost, but not only does it take time and cost to complete fermentation in the compost production process, but also the spread of malodor・ Environmental pollution such as water pollution is a major problem.
In order to handle a lot of biomass as fuel, livestock manure contains a large amount of water, so the water content is high and it does not burn even if it tries to ignite as it is, and many technologies have been reported for ease of ignition. Yes.
For example, a composting process (Patent Document 1) that reduces moisture and makes it possible to transport by supplying sawdust into livestock manure has been proposed, but there is a problem of excessive nitrogenization in the field. .
In addition, a method has been proposed in which an auxiliary material is introduced into livestock manure, dehydrated and solidified into fuel or fertilizer (Patent Document 2). Proposed means to increase the moisture content of the product, take a long time until solid, use a part of the dry pellets as a moisture regulator in the cellulose waste, and dry after granulation (Patent Document 3) However, there is a troublesome process control, and there has been proposed a method (Patent Document 4) in which fine powder and livestock manure are mechanically stirred and water is evaporated by frictional heat to dry (Patent Document 4). Since the motor is operated at a high speed of several hundred to several hundreds of rpm, there are problems of ensuring safety and energy consumption. In addition, the plant organic matter pulverization method and its apparatus have been proposed to pulverize various plant organic substances (Patent Document 5). However, the apparatus becomes complicated, and livestock manure and wood-based carbides or semi-carbides are used as predetermined. A means for mixing by weight ratio and drying and combusting is proposed (Patent Document 6), and heat generated in the combustion process is used for drying the mixture, but since a combustion furnace is used, a large amount of fossil is used. I need fuel.
In addition, there is a treatment material for livestock manure (Patent Document 7) that uses a defective water-absorbing resin resulting from the diaper manufacturing process (Patent Document 7). In literature 8, it has been proposed to use sawdust having a moisture content of 20% or less as a moisture adjusting material, but there is a problem of an increase in the size of the device for moisture adjustment.
Therefore, as an improvement of the above-mentioned prior art, the present inventors have dried the water from organic matter of livestock manure to about 25% by mixing and drying wood-based material (sawdust) and livestock manure, thereby replacing petroleum fuel. However, with this technique, even if the water content is about 25%, stable self-combustibility cannot be obtained yet, and a boiler has to use fossil fuel as an auxiliary burner.
As described above, in the conventional livestock manure combusting treatment system, the water of livestock manure is evaporated by operating devices that generate high heat (oil boilers, gas boilers, electric heating devices, etc. that use fossil fuels). , Not only does the fuel cost increase, but the environmental performance is also bad, it is dangerous, it takes a long time to work, the dry manure is still high in moisture content, and an auxiliary burner is required to burn it as fuel, There are problems such as requiring a lot of fossil fuel.

特開昭５４−１１７１４５号公報JP 54-117145 A 特開２００６−２７３９８３号公報JP 2006-273993 A 特許第３９８１０２１号Patent No. 3981021 特開２００５−２４６３５９号公報JP 2005-246359 A 特開２００６−６４３０８号公報JP 2006-64308 A 特開２００７−４０６８４号公報JP 2007-40684 A 特許第３２８８３１７号Japanese Patent No. 3288317 特許第３９８１０２１号Patent No. 3981021 特許第４１４９４８７号Japanese Patent No. 4149487

上述するような従来技術に鑑み、本発明では、ボイラー型温水発生装置へ供給する乾燥有機物の着火性能が良く、低温でも自燃焼する水分含有率２０重量％以下程度の乾燥有機物を得、ボイラー型温水発生装置の排熱と温水を有効利用できる家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムを提供することを課題とする。   In view of the prior art as described above, in the present invention, the dry organic matter to be supplied to the boiler-type hot water generator has good ignition performance, and a dry organic matter having a moisture content of about 20% by weight or less that self-combusts even at a low temperature is obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water removal / drying treatment system for livestock manure that can effectively use the exhaust heat of the hot water generator and the hot water.

本発明の発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、以下の構成を有する発明を完成するに至った。
本願の基本的な発明は、（１）家畜糞尿貯蔵装置、該家畜糞尿貯蔵装置から家畜糞尿を所定量供給する（２）家畜糞尿供給装置、（３）撹拌翼を備えたロータリーキルン乾燥装置、（４）木質系微細粉体貯蔵サイロ、（５）混合供給装置、（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置、（７）温水循環装置、（８）乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロからなる循環型有機物離水・乾燥処理システムであって、叩解装置と細粉砕する粉体生成装置を備えた粉体精製機を設けて、かんな屑を、該叩解装置によって木質構造を構成するセルロース分子の結合を緩ませ、該粉体生成装置によって細粉砕せしめて得られる水分吸着能力を高めた木質系微細粉体と、上記（２）家畜糞尿供給装置から供給された家畜糞尿とを混合した後、上記（３）ロータリーキルン乾燥装置に供給し、撹拌・乾燥し、乾燥された混合物を（８）乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロへ貯蔵し、主部を、乾燥有機物供給装置を経て（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置へ供給し、該（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置で発生する排熱を上記（３）ロータリーキルン乾燥装置へ送風するとともに、温水を各種用途に利用する上記（７）温水循環装置と、残部を複合バイオマス燃料として利用する袋詰め装置を備えることを特徴とする家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムとすることで、（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置へ供給する乾燥混合物の着火性能が良く、低温でも自燃焼する水分含有率２０重量％以下程度の乾燥混合物を得、（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置の排熱と温水を有効利用でき、また、（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置で消費しない乾燥された混合物の残部を、複合バイオマス燃料として温室栽培農家等のボイラー燃料として有効利用できる構成である。
通常、木材の切断屑であるオガ屑は燃焼に際しては、先の引用文献９にあるように補助燃料を用いることによって７５０℃程度で燃焼が可能となる。
本発明では、かんな屑を叩解、細粉砕処理を加えることによって、補助燃料なしの５００℃程度で自燃焼が可能である。
また、本発明では、木質系微細粉体は、木の繊維が持つ多孔性を有し、常温で水分約１５〜１８重量％という高乾燥状態のパウダーで、付着水分は加熱されると速やかに蒸発するという離水能力が大きい。
なお、本発明の技術は、家畜糞尿に限られることなく、野菜や食品の残渣等の高含水率の屑を、適宜、シュレッダー等の手段で粉砕事前処理をすることによって同様の離水・乾燥処理システムとすることができる。 The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied to solve the above problems, and as a result, have completed the invention having the following configuration.
The basic invention of the present application is (1) a livestock manure storage device, a predetermined amount of livestock manure is supplied from the livestock manure storage device, (2) a livestock manure supply device, (3) a rotary kiln drying device equipped with a stirring blade, 4) Wood-based fine powder storage silo, (5) Mixing and feeding device, (6) Boiler type hot water generator, (7) Hot water circulation device, (8) Circulation type organic water separation / drying treatment system comprising dry organic matter storage silo A powder refining machine equipped with a beating device and a powder generating device for fine pulverization is provided, and the scraps are loosened from binding of cellulose molecules constituting the wood structure by the beating device, thereby generating the powder. After mixing the fine woody powder with improved water adsorption capacity obtained by finely pulverizing with the device and the livestock manure supplied from the above (2) livestock manure supply device, supply to the above (3) rotary kiln drying device , Stirred and dried, and the dried mixture is stored in (8) a dry organic matter storage silo, and the main part is supplied to the boiler type hot water generator via the dry organic matter supply device, and the (6) boiler type The exhaust heat generated by the hot water generator is blown to the (3) rotary kiln drying device, and the (7) hot water circulation device that uses hot water for various purposes and a bagging device that uses the remainder as a composite biomass fuel are provided. (6) The ignition performance of the dry mixture supplied to the boiler-type hot water generator is good, and the moisture content is about 20% by weight or less that self-combusts even at low temperatures. (6) The waste heat and hot water of the boiler-type hot water generator can be used effectively, and (6) the remainder of the dried mixture that is not consumed by the boiler-type hot water generator Is effectively utilized can be configured as a boiler fuel, such as greenhouse growers as a complex biomass fuels.
Ordinarily, sawdust, which is wood cut waste, can be burned at about 750 ° C. by using auxiliary fuel as described in the cited reference 9.
In the present invention, self-combustion is possible at about 500 ° C. without auxiliary fuel by beating the scraps and adding a fine grinding process.
In the present invention, the wood-based fine powder is a highly dry powder having a porosity of wood fibers and a moisture content of about 15 to 18% by weight at room temperature. The ability to evaporate is large.
The technique of the present invention is not limited to livestock excreta, but the same water separation and drying treatment can be performed by pre-grinding high moisture content scraps such as vegetables and food residues as appropriate by means of a shredder or the like. It can be a system.

本願の第２の発明は、家畜糞尿への木質系微細粉体の混合比率は、３５重量％〜６５重量％であることを特徴とするものである。混合比率が、該重量％範囲より小さいと自燃焼性が悪くなり、大きいと自燃焼性に問題はないが、有効利用できる割合が少なくなる。   The second invention of the present application is characterized in that the mixing ratio of the wood-based fine powder to livestock manure is 35% by weight to 65% by weight. When the mixing ratio is smaller than the weight% range, the self-combustibility is deteriorated.

本願の第３の発明は、上記第１又は第２の発明のいずれかに記載されている家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムであって、上記（２）家畜糞尿供給装置から供給される家畜糞尿の水分含有率が、７０〜８０重量％であることを特徴とするものである。   A third invention of the present application is the water separation / drying processing system for livestock manure described in either the first or second invention, wherein the livestock manure supplied from the above (2) livestock manure supply device The water content of is from 70 to 80% by weight.

本願の第４の発明は、上記第１〜第３の発明のいずれかに記載されている家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムであって、粉体精製機で精製される木質系微細粉体の大きさが、厚さ０．０２〜０．２ｍｍ、横幅１〜１０ｍｍ、長さ２〜２０ｍｍ、カサ密度０.１〜０.３ｇ／ｃｍ３（１５０℃、３０分乾燥）であることを特徴とするものである。
すなわち、木質系微細粉体は、その大きさが前記範囲外では、家畜糞尿との混合が適度の隙間を確保できず、離水効果等に影響し、乾燥された混合物の水分含有率にバラツキを生じ、乾燥された混合物の自燃焼性の劣化を生じる等の問題があり、そのカサ密度は、木質系微細粉体を１５０℃、３０分乾燥してから測定したものであるから、カサ密度が小さいのは、木質系微細粉体がふわふわでよじれ曲がっているためで、家畜糞尿との混合が適度の隙間を有する状態を保ち、乾燥時に離水促進等の効果を発揮する。 A fourth invention of the present application is a water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure described in any of the first to third inventions, wherein the woody fine powder is purified by a powder refiner. The size is 0.02-0.2 mm in thickness, 1-10 mm in width, 2-20 mm in length, and a bulk density of 0.1-0.3 g / cm 3 (150 ° C., dried for 30 minutes). It is what.
In other words, if the size of the wood-based fine powder is outside the above range, mixing with livestock manure cannot secure an appropriate gap, affecting the water separation effect, etc., and the moisture content of the dried mixture varies. This causes problems such as deterioration of the self-combustibility of the dried mixture, and the bulk density is measured after the woody fine powder is dried at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes. The small size is due to the fluffy and twisted wood-based fine powder, so that the mixing with livestock manure keeps an appropriate gap and exhibits effects such as water separation promotion during drying.

本願の第５の発明は、上記第１〜第４の発明のいずれかに記載されている家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムであって、粉体精製機で精製される木質系微細粉体は、常温での水分吸収能力（１５０℃、３０分乾燥した木質系微細粉体１ｇ当たりの吸収水）が、１.０ｇ水分／ｇ粉体（５分）〜１．５ｇ水分／ｇ粉体（１０分）、かつ水分蒸発能力（１５０℃雰囲気にて）が、５〜１０分で吸収水分を全量放出することを特徴とするものである。
すなわち、木質系微細粉体１ｇを１５０℃、３０分乾燥した後、５分間・１０分間で吸収する水分量の範囲が１ｇ〜１．５ｇで、水分を吸収した該木質系微細粉体１ｇが、１５０℃雰囲気で吸収した水分を全量放出するまでの時間の範囲が５〜１０分であることを示す。
なお、水分吸収量の測定は、木質系微細粉体が家畜糞尿と接する際の条件に近似した、すなわち、木質系微細粉体を水中に所定時間没した後、吸水性の良い紙類（トイレット紙）で水分を十分拭き取り後、その重量増加分を測定したものである。
本発明では、上記水分吸収能力及び水分蒸発能力を有することによって、家畜糞尿との混合時に家畜糞尿からの水分移行が効果的に行われ、ロータリーキルン乾燥装置までの搬送が容易になり、乾燥時の水分蒸発がスムーズに行われるなどの効果がある。
上記水分吸収能力、水分蒸発能力の範囲外では、家畜糞尿からの水分移行が不十分で、べたつきが生じ、ロータリーキルン乾燥装置までの搬送が困難で、乾燥時においても装置内で均一な攪拌を困難にするなどのトラブルを生じ、水分含有率が不均一な乾燥物となる。 A fifth invention of the present application is a water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure described in any of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the woody fine powder purified by a powder refiner is Water absorption capacity at normal temperature (150 ° C., 30 minutes dried water absorption per 1 g of wood-based fine powder) is 1.0 g water / g powder (5 minutes) to 1.5 g water / g powder ( 10 minutes) and the water evaporation ability (in an atmosphere of 150 ° C.) is characterized in that the entire amount of absorbed water is released in 5 to 10 minutes.
That is, after drying 1 g of the wood-based fine powder at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, the amount of water absorbed in 5 minutes and 10 minutes is 1 g to 1.5 g, and 1 g of the wood-based fine powder that has absorbed moisture is The time range until the entire amount of moisture absorbed in the 150 ° C. atmosphere is released is 5 to 10 minutes.
The water absorption amount was approximated to the conditions when the wood-based fine powder was in contact with livestock manure, that is, after the wood-based fine powder was submerged in water for a predetermined time, paper with good water absorption (toilet Paper) and the moisture increase was measured, and the weight increase was measured.
In the present invention, by having the above-mentioned water absorption capacity and water evaporation capacity, water transfer from livestock manure is effectively performed when mixing with livestock manure, facilitating transport to a rotary kiln drying device, There are effects such as moisture evaporation being performed smoothly.
Outside of the above water absorption capacity and water evaporation capacity, water transfer from livestock manure is insufficient, stickiness occurs, it is difficult to transport to the rotary kiln drying device, and uniform stirring is difficult even during drying. This causes troubles such as making a dry product with a non-uniform moisture content.

本願の第６の発明は、上記第１〜第５の発明のいずれかに記載される家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムによって生じる効果であって、複合バイオマス燃料袋詰め装置へ送る乾燥混合物の量は、乾燥混合物全体の１０〜３０重量％であることを特徴とするものである。   6th invention of this application is the effect produced by the water separation / drying processing system of livestock manure described in any of the said 1st-5th invention, Comprising: The quantity of the dry mixture sent to a composite biomass fuel bagging apparatus Is characterized by 10 to 30% by weight of the total dry mixture.

本発明の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムは、１５０℃以上のボイラー型温水発生装置の排熱を直接乾燥装置へ送り込むので、乾燥混合物の水分含有率を２０重量％以下程度とすることができ、上記ボイラー炉内温度もオガ屑等を使用していたときの約６００℃以上（先願発明、特許文献９）から約４５０℃で着火が可能で、自燃焼できるようになり、結果的に乾燥燃料の品質、燃焼効率の向上、ボイラー型温水発生装置の自燃焼停止に至るなどの操業バラツキの改善、ボイラー用点火バーナーへの給油量低減も実現できる。
さらに、ロータリーキルン乾燥装置へ安定した上記ボイラー排熱を送風することができるので、ロータリーキルン乾燥装置の燃焼バーナーへの給油量も大幅低減が可能で、ランニングコストを減少させる上に、表面積が大きい木質系微細粉体の優れた消臭性で、システム全体から発生する臭気を極めて少なくするなどの優れた効果を奏する。 In the livestock manure separation / drying treatment system of the present invention, the waste heat of the boiler-type hot water generator of 150 ° C. or higher is directly sent to the drying device, so that the moisture content of the dry mixture can be about 20% by weight or less. The boiler furnace temperature can be ignited at about 450 ° C. from about 600 ° C. or higher when the sawdust is used (prior application invention, Patent Document 9), and can self-combust as a result. It is also possible to improve the quality of dry fuel, improve combustion efficiency, improve operational variations such as stopping the self-combustion of the boiler-type hot water generator, and reduce the amount of oil supplied to the boiler ignition burner.
Furthermore, since the above boiler exhaust heat can be blown to the rotary kiln drying device, the amount of oil supplied to the combustion burner of the rotary kiln drying device can be greatly reduced, and the running cost is reduced. The excellent deodorizing property of the fine powder provides excellent effects such as extremely reducing the odor generated from the entire system.

以下、本発明の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムの実施形態を図１及び２によって説明する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

図１は、本発明装置における一実施例におけるフローチャートで、図２は、構成する装置を配置した平面図である。
同図において、家畜舎から排出された家畜糞尿は、家畜糞尿貯蔵装置（サイロや堆肥センター等）へ集積され、家畜糞尿供給装置１０へ搬送車両やバケットコンベアー等により供給される。家畜糞尿供給装置１０は、下部にベルトコンベアー１１を備え、ギヤードモータ１２で駆動し、タイマーを備え間欠運転制御をし、家畜糞尿供給装置１０出口側に設けたギヤードモータ１３で駆動する切り出し回転装置（図示せず）を駆動し、タイマーを備え間欠運転制御を行い、所定量の家畜糞尿を混合供給装置６０に供給する。１４は投入口の一部で、原料の家畜糞尿が投入される原料投入ピット部である。 FIG. 1 is a flowchart in one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view in which the constituent devices are arranged.
In the figure, livestock manure discharged from the livestock barn is accumulated in a livestock manure storage device (such as a silo or a compost center) and supplied to the livestock manure supply device 10 by a transport vehicle, a bucket conveyor or the like. The livestock manure supply device 10 includes a belt conveyor 11 at the bottom, is driven by a geared motor 12, is provided with a timer, performs intermittent operation control, and is driven by a geared motor 13 provided on the exit side of the livestock manure supply device 10 (Not shown) is driven, a timer is provided to perform intermittent operation control, and a predetermined amount of livestock manure is supplied to the mixing and supplying device 60. Reference numeral 14 denotes a part of an input port, which is a raw material input pit portion into which raw material manure is supplied.

２０は、粉体精製機で、木材加工工場で発生するかんな屑を木質系微細粉体に精製する装置で、かんな屑を叩解して木質構造を構成するセルロース分子の結合を緩ませる叩解装置と細粉砕する粉体生成装置を備えている。
木材加工工場等に設置され、各需要家は屋外等へ木質系微細粉体を貯蔵する木質系微細粉体貯蔵サイロ３０を搬入車が容易に駐車できる位置に設置し、公知のエアー式搬送装置やスクリュウ式搬送装置等で木質系微細粉体を木質系微細粉体供給装置４０へ搬送する。 該木質系微細粉体供給装置４０は、貯留構造で相当の容積を有し、エアー付き搬送装置４１を備え、木質系微細粉体の送り込みを行うスクリュウコンベア４２が連接されて構成されている。 20 is a powder refining machine for refining kana waste generated in a wood processing plant into a woody fine powder, and a beating apparatus for beating the kana waste to loosen the bonds of cellulose molecules constituting the wood structure; It is equipped with a powder generator for fine pulverization.
Installed in a wood processing factory, etc., each customer installs a wood-based fine powder storage silo 30 for storing wood-based fine powder outdoors, etc. at a position where the incoming vehicle can be easily parked, and a known pneumatic transfer device The wood-based fine powder is transported to the wood-based fine powder supply device 40 using a screw-type transport device or the like. The wood-based fine powder supply device 40 has a storage structure and has a considerable volume. The wood-based fine powder supply device 40 includes an air-conveying device 41 and is connected to a screw conveyor 42 that feeds the wood-based fine powder.

５０は、貯蔵装置サイロで、木質系微細粉体供給装置４０から供給される木質系微細粉体を貯蔵し、下部から所定量を送り出す回転・制御装置（図示せず）を備えている。   A storage device silo 50 includes a rotation / control device (not shown) that stores the wood-based fine powder supplied from the wood-based fine powder supply device 40 and delivers a predetermined amount from the lower part.

６０は、処理前の家畜糞尿と木質系微細粉体を所定の比率で混合させる混合供給装置で、処理前の家畜糞尿の水分含有率に応じて供給される木質系微細粉体との混合物をスクリュウコンベア６１で混練搬送する。搬送導通路６２は、上方に向けて傾斜して設けられ、ロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０の乾燥機投入装置７１と連通接続されている。
所定の比率で混合された家畜糞尿と木質系微細粉体（被乾燥物）は、上方に向けて傾斜して設けられた搬送導通路６２を通過する際、スクリュウコンベア６１の圧力と被乾燥物の自重により圧縮される作用が発生し、家畜糞尿との密着度が高まり、家畜糞尿からの離水効果が高まる。 60 is a mixing and feeding device that mixes livestock manure before treatment and woody fine powder at a predetermined ratio, and a mixture of the woody fine powder supplied according to the moisture content of livestock manure before treatment. It is kneaded and conveyed by the screw conveyor 61. The conveyance conduction path 62 is provided so as to be inclined upward, and is connected in communication with the dryer input device 71 of the rotary kiln drying device 70.
When the livestock manure mixed with a predetermined ratio and the woody fine powder (to-be-dried material) pass through the conveyance conduction path 62 provided to be inclined upward, the pressure of the screw conveyor 61 and the to-be-dried material The action of being compressed by its own weight occurs, the degree of adhesion with livestock manure increases, and the effect of water separation from livestock manure increases.

７０は水平設置された向流式のロータリーキルン乾燥装置で、一端に搬送導通路６２が乾燥機投入装置７１を介して接続され、該乾燥機投入装置７１内部には、２個のスクリュウコンベア７２が設けられ駆動モーター７３によって駆動され、混合された被乾燥物がロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０へ定量投入され、他端へ燃焼用バーナー８０とボイラー型温水発生装置１１０の排熱ダクト８１が接続されている。
ロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０内部には、被乾燥物を撹拌する撹拌翼（図示せず）を備え、駆動装置７４によって駆動され、被乾燥物を乾燥機投入装置７１側から他端の燃焼用バーナー８０側へ被乾燥物を乾燥させながら移動させ、燃焼用バーナー８０側ロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０下部に設けた排出口８２（図示せず）から、被乾燥物が排出される。
ロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０他端へ設けた燃焼用バーナー８０とボイラー型温水発生装置１１０の排熱ダクト８１から供給される熱風は、移動する被乾燥物と対向流し、上記乾燥機投入装置７１側ロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０上部に設けた排気口７５から排気される。
被乾燥物には、上記する木質系微細粉体が混入されているので、その離水性能の良さで、熱風及び被乾燥物の移動時による摩擦熱とともに蒸散乾燥し、被乾燥を促進する。被乾燥物が排出口８２へ近づくにつれ、乾燥度も高くなるので、木質系微細粉体の粉塵が発生し、蒸発した潜熱を含んだ高湿度の熱風の流れに乗り、排気口７５から排出される。 Reference numeral 70 denotes a horizontally installed countercurrent rotary kiln drying apparatus, to which one end of a conveying conduction path 62 is connected via a dryer charging device 71. Inside the dryer charging device 71, two screw conveyors 72 are provided. An object to be dried, which is provided and driven by a drive motor 73, is charged into a rotary kiln drying device 70, and a combustion burner 80 and an exhaust heat duct 81 of a boiler-type hot water generator 110 are connected to the other end.
The rotary kiln drying device 70 is provided with a stirring blade (not shown) for stirring the material to be dried, and is driven by a drive device 74 to move the material to be dried from the dryer charging device 71 side to the combustion burner 80 side at the other end. The material to be dried is moved while being dried, and the material to be dried is discharged from a discharge port 82 (not shown) provided at the lower part of the combustion kiln 80 side rotary kiln drying device 70.
The hot air supplied from the combustion burner 80 provided at the other end of the rotary kiln drying device 70 and the exhaust heat duct 81 of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 flows counter to the moving object to be dried, and the dryer input device 71 side rotary kiln drying. It exhausts from the exhaust port 75 provided in the apparatus 70 upper part.
Since the wood-based fine powder described above is mixed in the material to be dried, it is transpiration-dried together with the hot air and frictional heat generated when the material to be dried moves, thereby promoting drying. As the material to be dried approaches the discharge port 82, the degree of dryness also increases, so that dust of woody fine powder is generated, rides on the flow of high-humidity hot air containing evaporated latent heat, and is discharged from the exhaust port 75. The

９０は公知のサイクロン粉塵処理装置で、排気口７５から排出される粉塵を回収する装置で、排気ダクト９１を介して粉塵が供給され、屋外へ排気する煙突９２が上部に設けられ、下部はホッパーとなし、粉塵を回収している。
回収した粉塵は、乾燥度が高いのでボイラー型温水発生装置１１０の燃料としても、木質系微細粉体貯蔵サイロ３０等へ戻してもよく、公知の自動搬送装置を設けることができ、有効に再利用できる。 Reference numeral 90 is a known cyclone dust treatment device that collects dust discharged from the exhaust port 75, and is provided with a chimney 92 that is supplied with dust through an exhaust duct 91 and exhausts outdoors, and a lower portion is a hopper. None, collecting dust.
Since the collected dust has a high degree of dryness, it can be returned to the wood-based fine powder storage silo 30 or the like as fuel for the boiler-type hot water generator 110, and a known automatic transfer device can be provided for effective recycling. Available.

１００は乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロで、向流式のロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０排出口８２（図示せず）から排出され、乾燥した混合物を公知の搬送手段１０１を介し、上部から投入貯蔵される。
乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロ１００下部には、ボイラー型温水発生装置１１０や複合バイオマス燃料袋詰め装置１０５へ自動的に搬送する手段を備えると同時に、手動でも排出できる手段を備えている。
１０２は、ボイラー型温水発生装置１１０へ乾燥した混合物を搬送する乾燥有機物供給装置で、乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロ１００下部側からボイラー型温水発生装置１１０上部へ設けた燃料自動供給装置１１１へ、乾燥した混合物を燃料として自動供給している。 Reference numeral 100 denotes a dry organic matter storage silo, which is discharged from a counter-current rotary kiln drying device 70 outlet 82 (not shown), and the dried mixture is input and stored from above via a known conveying means 101.
At the bottom of the dry organic matter storage silo 100, there are provided means for automatically transporting to the boiler-type hot water generator 110 and the composite biomass fuel bagging apparatus 105, and at the same time, means for allowing manual discharge.
Reference numeral 102 denotes a dry organic substance supply device that conveys the dried mixture to the boiler-type hot water generator 110. The dry mixture is supplied from the lower portion of the dry organic matter storage silo 100 to the automatic fuel supply device 111 provided at the upper portion of the boiler-type hot water generator 110. Is automatically supplied as fuel.

１１０はボイラー型温水発生装置で、上部に燃料自動供給装置１１１が設けられ、側面下部に点火バーナー１１２が設けられ、ボイラー型温水発生装置１１０近傍に設置した化石燃料タンク１２０が設けられている。
１１３は、ボイラー型温水発生装置１１０の排熱ダクト８１に設けたダンパーで、ボイラー型温水発生装置１１０の炉内温度が低い点火直後の状態では、若干の開口で閉じ、所定の炉内温度に達した後は、１００％開放し、熱気をロータリーキルン乾燥装置７０へ送る。
また、同時にボイラー型温水発生装置１１０炉内温度が低い点火直後、化石燃料タンク１２０から上記燃焼用バーナー８０への給油量を多くし、定常運転になった後には給油量を止め、ランニングコストを低減する。
さらに、ボイラー型温水発生装置１１０内部には、子豚豚舎床暖房等へ給湯する温水循環装置を備え、公知の配管接続設備を外部に複数備えている。 110 is a boiler-type hot water generator, an automatic fuel supply device 111 is provided at the top, an ignition burner 112 is provided at the bottom of the side surface, and a fossil fuel tank 120 installed in the vicinity of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 is provided.
113 is a damper provided in the exhaust heat duct 81 of the boiler-type hot water generator 110. In the state immediately after the ignition of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 where the furnace temperature is low, the damper 113 is closed with a slight opening to reach a predetermined furnace temperature. After reaching, 100% is released and hot air is sent to the rotary kiln drying device 70.
At the same time, immediately after the ignition of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 with a low furnace temperature, the amount of oil supplied from the fossil fuel tank 120 to the combustion burner 80 is increased, and after the steady operation is started, the amount of oil supplied is stopped to reduce the running cost. To reduce.
Further, the boiler-type hot water generator 110 is provided with a hot water circulation device for supplying hot water to the piglet pig house floor heating and the like, and a plurality of known pipe connection facilities are provided outside.

１３０は、制御盤で、上記述べた各種装置の制御装置や安全装置を収納し、シーケンサー制御装置を備え、集中コントロール機能を有している。
他の設備と本システムを集中制御でき、省力装置として効果がある。 A control panel 130 accommodates the control devices and safety devices of the various devices described above, includes a sequencer control device, and has a central control function.
This system can be controlled centrally with other equipment and is effective as a labor-saving device.

なお、図２で示す実線で囲まれた各装置は、同一建屋内へ設備してもよく、家畜糞尿貯蔵装置や粉体精製機２０、木質系微細粉体貯蔵サイロ等は、別の場所に設けられている。
上記実施態様の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システムは、乾燥した混合物の水分含有率を２０重量％以下程度とすることができるので、自燃焼燃料として使用できる廃棄物系バイオマスエネルギー装置として、また、化石燃料使用量を低減することができるので、ＣＯ２ 発生量削減やコスト低減が可能になり、臭気発生をきわめて低くできる装置である等の利点のあることが確認できた。 2 may be installed in the same building. The livestock manure storage device, the powder refining machine 20, the wood-based fine powder storage silo, etc. may be installed in different locations. Is provided.
The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure of the above embodiment can reduce the water content of the dried mixture to about 20% by weight or less, so as a waste biomass energy device that can be used as self-combustion fuel, Since the amount of fossil fuel used can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the amount of CO 2 generated and reduce the cost, and it has been confirmed that there are advantages such as an apparatus that can extremely reduce odor generation.

実施形態のフローチャート。The flowchart of embodiment. 実施形態の装置を配置した平面図。The top view which has arrange | positioned the apparatus of embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 家畜糞尿供給装置
１１ ベルトコンベアー
１２ ギヤードモータ
１３ ギヤードモータ
１４ 投入口の一部
２０ 粉体精製機
３０ 木質系微細粉体貯蔵サイロ
４０ 木質系微細粉体供給装置
４１ エアー付き搬送装置
４２ スクリュウコンベア
５０ 貯蔵装置サイロ
６０ 混合供給装置
６１ スクリュウコンベア
６２ 搬送導通路
７０ ロータリーキルン乾燥装置
７１ 乾燥機投入装置
７２ スクリュウコンベア
７３ 駆動モーター
７４ 駆動装置
７５ 排気口
８０ 燃焼用バーナー
８１ 排熱ダクト
８２ 排出口（図示せず）
９０ サイクロン粉塵処理装置
９１ 排気ダクト
９２ 煙突
１００ 乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロ
１０１ 搬送手段
１０２ 乾燥有機物供給装置
１０５ 複合バイオマス燃料袋詰め装置
１１０ ボイラー型温水発生装置
１１１ 燃料自動供給装置
１１２ 点火バーナー
１１３ ダンパー
１２０ 化石燃料タンク
１３０ 制御盤 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Livestock manure supply apparatus 11 Belt conveyor 12 Geared motor 13 Geared motor 14 Part of inlet 20 Powder refiner 30 Wood type fine powder storage silo 40 Wood type fine powder supply apparatus 41 Conveyor with air 42 Screw conveyor 50 Storage device silo 60 Mixing and supplying device 61 Screw conveyor 62 Conveying conduction path 70 Rotary kiln drying device 71 Dryer charging device 72 Screw conveyor 73 Driving motor 74 Driving device 75 Exhaust port 80 Combustion burner 81 Exhaust heat duct 82 Exhaust port (not shown) )
90 Cyclone dust treatment device 91 Exhaust duct 92 Chimney 100 Dry organic matter storage silo 101 Conveying means 102 Dry organic matter supply device 105 Combined biomass fuel bagging device 110 Boiler type hot water generator 111 Fuel automatic supply device 112 Ignition burner 113 Damper 120 Fossil fuel tank 130 Control panel

Claims (6)

（１）家畜糞尿貯蔵装置、該家畜糞尿貯蔵装置から家畜糞尿を所定量供給する（２）家畜糞尿供給装置、（３）撹拌翼を備えたロータリーキルン乾燥装置、（４）木質系微細粉体貯蔵サイロ、（５）混合供給装置、（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置、（７）温水循環装置、（８）乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロからなる循環型有機物離水・乾燥処理システムであって、叩解装置と細粉砕する粉体生成装置を備えた粉体精製機を設けて、かんな屑を、該叩解装置によって木質構造を構成するセルロース分子の結合を緩ませ、該粉体生成装置によって細粉砕せしめて得られる水分吸着能力を高めた木質系微細粉体と、上記（２）家畜糞尿供給装置から供給された家畜糞尿とを混合した後、上記（３）ロータリーキルン乾燥装置に供給し、撹拌・乾燥し、乾燥された混合物を（８）乾燥有機物貯蔵サイロへ貯蔵し、主部を、乾燥有機物供給装置を経て（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置へ供給し、該（６）ボイラー型温水発生装置で発生する排熱を上記（３）ロータリーキルン乾燥装置へ送風するとともに、温水を各種用途に利用する上記（７）温水循環装置と、残部を複合バイオマス燃料として利用する袋詰め装置を備えたことを特徴とする家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システム。   (1) Livestock manure storage device, supplying a predetermined amount of livestock manure from the livestock manure storage device, (2) Livestock manure supply device, (3) Rotary kiln drying device equipped with stirring blades, (4) Woody fine powder storage A circulating organic matter water separation / drying treatment system comprising a silo, (5) mixing supply device, (6) boiler type hot water generator, (7) hot water circulation device, and (8) dry organic matter storage silo, and a beating device and a fine processing device Obtained by providing a powder refiner equipped with a powder generation device for pulverization, loosening the binding of cellulose molecules constituting the wood structure by the beater and finely pulverizing the scrap with the powder generation device After mixing the wood-based fine powder with enhanced water adsorption capacity and the above-mentioned (2) livestock manure supplied from the livestock manure supply device, it is supplied to the above (3) rotary kiln drying device, stirred, dried and dried The resulting mixture is stored in (8) a dry organic matter storage silo, and the main part is supplied to a (6) boiler-type hot water generator via a dry organic matter supply device, and (6) the waste generated in the boiler-type hot water generator is Livestock characterized in that it is provided with the above (7) hot water circulation device that blows heat to the (3) rotary kiln drying device and uses warm water for various purposes, and a bagging device that uses the remainder as a composite biomass fuel. Manure separation and drying treatment system. 家畜糞尿への木質系微細粉体の混合比率は、３５重量％〜６５重量％であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システム。   The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the woody fine powder to livestock manure is 35 wt% to 65 wt%. 上記（２）家畜糞尿供給装置から供給される家畜糞尿の水分含有率が、７０〜８０重量％であることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システム。   The water content / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water content of livestock manure supplied from the livestock manure supply device (2) is 70 to 80% by weight. 粉体精製機で精製される木質系微細粉体の大きさが、厚さ０．０２〜０．２ｍｍ、横幅１〜１０ｍｍ、長さ２〜２０ｍｍ、カサ密度０.１〜０.３ｇ／ｃｍ３（１５０℃、３０分乾燥）であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システム。 The size of the wood-based fine powder to be refined by the powder refiner is 0.02-0.2 mm in thickness, 1-10 mm in width, 2-20 mm in length, and a bulk density of 0.1-0.3 g / cm. The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is 3 (dried at 150 ° C for 30 minutes). 粉体精製機で精製される木質系微細粉体は、常温での水分吸収能力（１５０℃、３０分乾燥した木質系微細粉体１ｇ当たりの吸収水）が、１.０ｇ水分／ｇ粉体（５分）〜１．５ｇ水分／ｇ粉体（１０分）、かつ水分蒸発能力（１５０℃雰囲気）が、５〜１０分で吸収水分を全量放出することを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システム。   The wood-based fine powder refined by the powder refiner has a moisture absorption capacity at room temperature (150 ° C, 30 minutes of water-absorbed water per 1 g of the wood-based fine powder) of 1.0 g moisture / g powder. 5. (5 minutes) to 1.5 g moisture / g powder (10 minutes), and moisture evaporation ability (at 150 ° C. atmosphere) releases the entire amount of absorbed moisture in 5 to 10 minutes. The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to any one of the above. 複合バイオマス燃料袋詰め装置へ供給される乾燥混合物の量は、乾燥混合物全体の１０〜３０重量％であることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の家畜糞尿の離水・乾燥処理システム。   The amount of the dry mixture supplied to the composite biomass fuel bagging apparatus is 10 to 30% by weight of the whole dry mixture, The water separation and drying treatment of livestock manure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 system.
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