JP5105514B2 - 光処置のための虹彩の認識とトラッキング - Google Patents
光処置のための虹彩の認識とトラッキング Download PDFInfo
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- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
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- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
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- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
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- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
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- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
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Description
図1は、本発明の一実施形態により実現されるシステムを使用する方法の一般的な流れを示す。ブロック10では、診断器具を使用して屈折のデータを得ることに関連して虹彩が映像化される。この映像化と診断器具の使用は多くの形態をとり得る。例えば、レーザー処置に先立ってこの器具がよく使用され得、例えば角膜表面形態システムを使用して角膜または屈折のプロフィールを求めている。あるいは屈折手術の直前にその器具を使用できる。何れにせよ、映像化された虹彩または虹彩の何らかの表示図形は診断器具で明らかにされるデータと共に保持される。
図10を見ると、虹彩Iの画像のデータだけでなく、種々のシステムの間で取得した屈折データまたは処置プロファイルを合わせるため他のタイプのデータも取得される、別の技術が示されている。具体的に図10において、示されるものは、形態システム500、波面システム502およびレーザーシステム503で取得した調整データである。波面システム502が、虹彩Iの画像のデータを取得するのに困難性を有する、または波面データを取得する前に目を完全に広げることが望まれる場合、開示された技術は、そのようなデータ無しに調節が可能であり得る。この場合において、1つの実施形態において、医者は先ず目に基準マーク506を付ける。ついで、この基準マーク506は虹彩508の輪郭に対する回転調整マークとして働く。波面システムは、瞳孔輪郭データ508および基準マーク506と共に波面収差のデータを検出する。
付加的な副次的な利点として、患者が横たわり、虹彩Iの像(図2Cと5)を検出する時に、虹彩を合致させるアルゴリズムは実際の虹彩の像206を合致させるため並進移動、倍率変更、回転および傾きを決定し得るだけでなく、処置されている目Eの妥当性も立証できる。従って、虹彩合致アルゴリズムは特別なレーザー処置が実際に別の患者よりむしろこの患者に適当な処置であることを保証するフェイル−セーフ機構として働く。同様に、このアルゴリズムは一人の患者の二つの虹彩が異なった特徴を持っていても、適当な目Eに処置を施すことを保証するフェイル−セーフ機構として働く。これらのフェイル−セーフ機構は、診断情報を第一の位置で取得し、処置を第二の位置で展開し、この処置を次に第三の位置で加える、分配されたシステムで特に有益である。このシステムは虹彩の特徴を合わせることができないなら、警報を出す。
図12を参照すると、好ましい波面センサ300のブロック図が示してある。この波面センサ300は、考え方ではウイリアムズの波面センサと類似するが、虹彩のデータを受容するため、および目の波面収差を求めるのに使用するセンサへの光スポットの焦点を先鋭化するために特に有益となる特定の特徴を含む。一般に、波面センサ300は目の網膜上に光(典型的にはレーザー)を集束させる、あるいは走査し、次いで目の水晶体および角膜光学系により戻る(つまり網膜から後方散乱した)光を分析し、小レンズ(lenslet)アレイにより結像させる。目の光学系の光収差に基づき、このシステムは、戻る光から全波面収差の分析を進める。一般に、この分析を実施するため、戻った光は小レンズカメラのセンサ上でこの小レンズカメラで形成される実体のない像となる。これらの像から、波面センサは正視あるいはほぼ正視の視力を生む目の光学系にどんな矯正が必要であるかの波面収差マップを開発する。
波面センサ300(および102)はまた、図10に示すように、固定ターゲット334として使用する像を用いる。固定ターゲット334は光源336で照明され、患者を固定させて焦点を合わせ、調節カメラ323はプリズム314により網膜に焦点合わせされる。固定ターゲット334は小レンズアレイ324からの実体のない像がトロンボーン光学系314を調節して小レンズカメラ312のセンサ上に焦点合わせされる時に有用である。このシステムは固定ターゲット334に対する像を与えるのに有利であり、この限定しない例は図10に示す水面上の帆船であり、単なる固定点ではない。固定ターゲット334は目Eおよび患者の脳に、焦点合わせする絵のようなあるいは実際の絵の像またはシーン−目Eで実際に眺める何らかの物体またはシーン−を与える。絵のような像で目を慣らすことは典型的に一点に焦点を合わせることよりも達成することが容易である。固定ターゲットの像により目Eは、あたかも像が遠くになったかのように、無限遠に焦点を合わせる。これは実体のない像に焦点を合わせるまたは波面センサのデータを取得する間に目Eの順応もしくは回転の効果をなくするまたは減らすのに助けになり得る。換言すれば、固定ターゲットの像は目Eが無限遠より近くに焦点を合わせることを防止する、または或る程度防止することを助ける。
本発明の今までの開示と説明は、図解的であり、説明のためのものである。また、図示した装置や配置および操作方法の詳細の種々の変更は、本発明の趣旨から逸脱することなく行える。
Claims (16)
- 屈折矯正器具を患者の目に合わせるためのシステムであって、
患者の目に関する屈折データを提供するために適合された屈折診断器具を含み、
該屈折診断器具は、以下、
患者の目の第一の虹彩像を得るために適合された第一カメラであって、前記屈折診断器具が屈折特性データおよび前記第一の虹彩像を示す虹彩データを提供するように適合された、第一カメラ、および
患者の目に屈折処置を施すために適合されたレーザーシステム、
を含み、該レーザーシステムは、以下:
第二の虹彩の像を得るために適合された第二カメラ、
一連の屈折処置を施すために適合されたレーザー、および
前記屈折特性データと前記虹彩データから導いたデータを受け取り、そして制御システムが一連の処置を開始する前に前記虹彩データを第二の虹彩の像に合わせるために適合された制御システム、
を含むことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記制御システムは前記第二カメラと前記レーザーに連結している、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記屈折診断器具は波面センサを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記屈折診断器具は角膜形態アナライザーを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記屈折診断器具は超音波を用いて角膜の厚さまたは他の眼の構成要素の識別プロフィールを測定するために適合された、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記屈折診断器具は手で持てる屈折診断器具からなる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記レーザーシステムは、さらに、
前記第二カメラと前記制御システムに連結し、そして前記第二の虹彩の像に重ねられた前記受け取った虹彩データを表示するために適合されたディスプレイを含む、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記制御システムは前記受け取った虹彩データを前記第二の虹彩の像と比較し、そして調整するために適合された、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、さらに、
第三の虹彩の像を得るために適合された第三カメラを含む第二屈折診断器具を含み、該第二屈折診断器具は前記レーザーシステムに連結し、前記患者の目についての付加的な屈折データと、付加的な屈折特性データと、該第三カメラからの該第三の虹彩の像を表す対応した空間的に関連する付加的な虹彩データとを提供するために適合された、システム。 - 請求項9に記載のシステムであって、さらに、前記屈折診断器具、前記第二屈折診断器具および前記レーザーシステムに連結する計算システムを含み、該計算システムは該屈折診断器具からの屈折特性データ、該第二屈折診断器具からの付加的な屈折特性データ、該屈折診断器具から受け取った虹彩データおよび該第二屈折診断器具からの付加的な虹彩データを受け取るために適合され、そして該屈折診断器具から受け取った虹彩データを該第二屈折診断器具からの付加的な虹彩データに合わせることによって、該屈折診断器具からの屈折特性データを該第二屈折診断器具からの屈折特性データに対して空間的に規格化するために適合された、システム。
- 前記計算システムは、前記規格化されたデータに基づき前記レーザーシステムに対する一連の屈折処置を行うために適合された、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 前記レーザーシステムは計算システムを含む、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 前記レーザーはエキシマ・レーザーを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- さらに、以下:
前記屈折診断器具と前記レーザーシステムに連結し、そして前記屈折特性データおよび前記虹彩データを受け取り、前記一連の屈折処置を行い、該虹彩データに対して空間的に規格化された一連の屈折処置を提供するために適合された計算システム、
を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記レーザーシステムは計算システムを含む、請求項14に記載のシステム。
- 患者の目に対して屈折矯正装置を合わせるためのシステムであって、該システムは、以下:
該患者の目の屈折特性を決定するための手段;
該虹彩と該決定された屈折特性の間の空間的な関係を規定する工程における使用のために、該患者の目の虹彩から第一の像を得るための手段;
該第一の像の図形を記憶するための手段;
一連の屈折処置の準備において、該患者の目の虹彩から第二の像を得るための手段;および
該第二の虹彩の像に対して該一連の屈折処置を規格化するため該第二の虹彩の像と該記憶させた図形を合わせるための手段、
を備える、システム。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19950791A DE19950791A1 (de) | 1999-10-21 | 1999-10-21 | Iriserkennung und -nachführung zum Behandeln optischer Ungleichmäßigkeiten des Auges |
DE19950791.0 | 1999-10-21 | ||
DE19950790.2 | 1999-10-21 | ||
DE19950790A DE19950790A1 (de) | 1999-10-21 | 1999-10-21 | Spezifische Hornhautmodellierung |
DE10014479.9 | 2000-03-23 | ||
DE10014479A DE10014479A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 | 2000-03-23 | Iriserkennung und -nachführung zum Behandeln optischer Ungleichmäßigkeiten des Auges |
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JP2011261698A Division JP5519620B2 (ja) | 1999-10-21 | 2011-11-30 | 光処置のための虹彩の認識とトラッキング |
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JP2007330801A JP2007330801A (ja) | 2007-12-27 |
JP5105514B2 true JP5105514B2 (ja) | 2012-12-26 |
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JP2001531073A Expired - Fee Related JP4067825B2 (ja) | 1999-10-21 | 2000-10-20 | 光処置のための虹彩の認識とトラッキング |
JP2007202907A Expired - Fee Related JP5105514B2 (ja) | 1999-10-21 | 2007-08-03 | 光処置のための虹彩の認識とトラッキング |
JP2007202908A Pending JP2008018251A (ja) | 1999-10-21 | 2007-08-03 | 光処置のための虹彩の認識とトラッキング |
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JP2013149233A Pending JP2013255815A (ja) | 1999-10-21 | 2013-07-18 | 光処置のための虹彩の認識とトラッキング |
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