JP5099868B2 - 内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法 - Google Patents
内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5099868B2 JP5099868B2 JP2004511666A JP2004511666A JP5099868B2 JP 5099868 B2 JP5099868 B2 JP 5099868B2 JP 2004511666 A JP2004511666 A JP 2004511666A JP 2004511666 A JP2004511666 A JP 2004511666A JP 5099868 B2 JP5099868 B2 JP 5099868B2
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- phosphorus
- lubricating oil
- carbon atoms
- oil composition
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- -1 acylated nitrogen-containing compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000004920 4-methyl-2-pentyl group Chemical group CC(CC(C)*)C 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 7
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 4
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/38—Catalyst protection, e.g. in exhaust gas converters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
- C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/50—Emission or smoke controlling properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/08—Phosphorus
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Description
本出願は、米国特許出願仮出願番号60/388,111(2002年6月10日出願)からの優先権を主張する。
本発明は、内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法に関する。
ここ10年間、ジオルガノ(diorgano)ジチオリン酸亜鉛(ZDDP)の形態のリンが、機関油中の極圧(EP)剤および抗磨耗添加物として用いられてきた。しかし、リンの使用に伴う問題は、リンが排出制御システム触媒を汚染し、それにより、その効率を低下させることである。これらの問題に関して、いくつかのSAE乗用車機関油分類について、リン濃度が低下されている。ILSAC GF−1の導入に伴って、リンレベルは1200百万分率(ppm)未満までに制限され、GF−3の導入に伴って、1000ppmまでに制限された。しかし、これらのレベルのリンであっても、触媒汚染がまだ問題となる。従って、問題は、適切な機関潤滑剤を提供し、同時に、触媒汚染を減少することである。本発明は、これらの問題に対する解決策を提供する。
本発明は、内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法に関し、この排出制御システムには処理デバイスの後に排気ガスを含む触媒が備え付けられ、そして、この方法は、以下の工程を包含する:
(A)基油;アルカリ金属含有界面活性剤またはアルカリ土類金属含有界面活性剤;以下の式
(B)この機関に潤滑油組成物を添加する工程;
(C)この機関を操作する工程;
(D)希薄(lean)リン含有排気ガスを産生する工程;および
(E)希薄リン含有排気ガスに、処理デバイス後の排気ガス中で触媒を接触させる工程。
用語「ヒドロカルビル」は、分子の残りに結合している基をいう場合、本発明の文脈において、純粋な炭化水素、または主に炭化水素特性を有する基をいう。このような基は、以下を含む:
(1)純粋な炭化水素基;すなわち、脂肪族基、脂環式基、芳香族基、脂肪族置換芳香族基および脂環式置換芳香族基、芳香族置換脂肪族基および芳香族置換脂環式基など、ならびに、環が分子の別の部分を介して完結している環式基(すなわち、任意の2つの所定の置換基が一緒になって、脂環式基を形成し得る)。例としては、メチル、オクチル、シクロヘキシル、フェニルなどが挙げられる。
本発明の方法は、内燃機関を潤滑し、同時に、機関で使用される排出制御システムの効率を改善する工程を提供する。潤滑油組成物は、機関の操作の環に希薄リン含有排気ガスを生じるこれらの潤滑油組成物から選択される。希薄リン含有排気ガスは、排出制御システムへと進む。この排出制御システムにおいて、希薄リン含有排気ガスは、処理デバイス後に排気ガス中で用いられる触媒を接触させる。希薄リン含有排気ガス中のリンは、触媒を汚染し、それによりその効率を低下させる。しかし、希薄リン含有排気ガスのレベルが低下したレベルなので、触媒の汚染の量が低下する。この汚染の減少は、排出制御システムの効率の改善をもたらす。
本発明に従って操作され得る内燃機関は、排出制御システムを備える任意の内燃機関であり得、この排出制御システムは、処理デバイス後の排気ガスを含む触媒を利用する。これらは、閉鎖クランク室系および陽圧(positive)のクランク室換気を使用する機関を含む。この内燃機関は、火花点火機関または圧縮点火機関であり得る。これらの機関としては、自動車およびトラックの機関、2サイクル機関、航空ピストン機関、海洋および鉄道のディーゼル機関などが挙げられる。オンオフハイウェイ機関が含まれる。圧縮点火機関としては、可動式の発電装置および動かない発電装置の両方についてのものが挙げられる。圧縮点火機関としては、都市バスならびにトラックのクラスにおいて用いられるものが挙げられる。圧縮点火機関は、1サイクルあたり2ストロークまたは、1サイクルあたり4ストロークの型であり得る。圧縮点火機関は、強力な(heavy duty)ディーゼル機関を含む。
本発明に従って用いられる潤滑油組成物は、1つ以上の基油からなり、これらの基油は、一般に、大量で存在する。基油は、潤滑油組成物の、約60重量%より多い量、1つの実施形態において、約70重量%より多い量、1つの実施形態において、約80重量%より多い量、そして、1つの実施形態において約85重量%より多い量で存在する。潤滑油組成物は以下を含む:アルカリ金属含有界面活性剤またはアルカリ土類金属含有界面活性剤;式(I)により表される少なくとも1つのリン含有化合物の金属塩であって、代表的には、抗摩耗剤、EP添加物、腐食阻害剤および/または抗酸化剤として機能する、金属塩;ならびに、代表的には、分散剤として機能するアシル化窒素含有化合物。潤滑油組成物は、当該分野で公知の他の添加物を含み得る。
潤滑油組成物に使われる基油は、American Petroleum Institute(API)Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelinesで指定されたように、グループI〜Vの任意の基油から選択され得る。5つの基油グループは、以下の通りである:
基油 粘性
分類 硫黄(%) 飽和(%) 指数
グループI >0.03 および/または <90 80〜120
グループII <0.03 および >90 80〜120
グループIII <0.03 および >90 >120
グループIV 全てポリαオレフィン(PAO)
グループV 全てグループI、II、IIIまたはIVに含まれない他のもの
グループI、IIおよびIIIは、鉱油ベースストックである。
アルカリ金属含有界面活性剤またはアルカリ土類金属含有界面活性剤は、酸性有機化合物のアルカリ金属塩またはアルカリ土類金属塩であり得る。酸性有機化合物は、有機硫黄酸、カルボン酸もしくはこれらの誘導体、フェノール、またはヒドロカルビル置換サリゲニンであり得る。酸性有機化合物は、非置換または置換のフェノール単位および非置換または置換のサリチル酸単位を含む直鎖状オリゴマーまたはポリマーであり得る。これらの塩は、中性または過塩基であり得る。前者は、塩アニオンに存在する酸性基を中和するのにちょうど十分な金属カチオンの量を含み;後者は、過剰な金属カチオンを含み、しばしば、塩基性、過塩基性、超塩基性またはスーパー塩基性塩と呼ばれるこれらの塩は、約30〜約460の範囲のTBNを有し得、1つの実施形態においては、約100〜約400、1つの実施形態においては約200〜約400、そして、1つの実施形態においては約300〜約400の範囲のTBNを有し得る。
(R*)a−Ar*(CXXH)m (II)
により表され得、ここで、式(II)において、R*は約4個〜約400個の炭素原子の脂肪族ヒドロカルビル基であり、aは1〜4の整数であり、Ar*は、約14個までの炭素原子の多価の芳香族炭化水素核(hydrocarbon nucleus)であり、各Xは独立して、硫黄または炭素原子であり、そして、mは1〜4の整数であり、但し、R*およびaは、各酸分子についてR*基により供給される少なくとも平均約8個の脂肪族炭素原子が存在する。
(R*)a−(Ar*)−(OH)m (IV)
のものであり、ここで、式(IV)において、R*、a、Ar*およびmは、式(II)に関して本明細書中上記に記載したものと同じ意味を有する。
ここで、式(VI−A)〜(VI−D)において:Yは、各単位において同じであっても異なっていてもよい二価の架橋基であり;R0は、水素またはヒドロカルビル基であり;R5は水素またはヒドロカルビルであり;jは1または2であり;R3は水素、ヒドロカルビルまたはヘテロ置換ヒドロカルビル基であり;R1のいずれかは、ヒドロキシル基であり、そしてR2とR4は独立して、水素、ヒドロカルビルまたはヘテロ置換ヒドロカルビルのいずれかであるか、あるいは、R2とR4はヒドロキシル基であり、そしてR1は水素、ヒドロカルビルまたはヘテロ置換ヒドロカルビルのいずれかであり;ならびに、構造単位VI−AおよびVI−Bの数は、少なくとも1である。1つの実施形態において、mは少なくとも1であり;nは少なくとも2であり;mのnに対する比は、約0.1:1〜約2:1の範囲であり;m+nの合計は、少なくとも3である。m+nの合計は、約3〜約50の範囲であり得、1つの実施形態において、3〜約20である。mのnに対する比は、約0.1:1〜約1:1の範囲であり得、1つの実施形態において、約0.1:1〜約0.5:1の範囲である、各Yは独立して、式(CHR6)dで表され得、ここで、R6は水素またはヒドロカルビルのいずれかであり、dは少なくとも1の整数である。1つの実施形態において、R6は、1個〜約6個の炭素原子を含有する。1つの実施形態において、dは1〜約4である。Yは必要に応じて、50%までの単位の(CHR6)dよりはむしろ硫黄であり得、その結果、この分子に組み込まれる硫黄の量は、Y基の50モル%までである。1つの実施形態において、硫黄の量は、8〜20モル%であり、1つの実施形態において、化合物は硫黄を含まない。R0は、1個〜約6個の炭素原子のヒドロカルビル(例えば、アルキル)基であり得る。R5は、1個〜約100個の炭素原子のヒドロカルビル基であり得、1つの実施形態において、1個〜約30個の炭素原子、そして、1つの実施形態において、1個〜約6個の炭素原子のヒドロカルビル基であり得る。R3は、1個〜約100個の炭素原子のヒドロカルビルであり得、1つの実施形態において、1個〜約30個の炭素原子のヒドロカルビルであり得る。R3はヘテロ置換基であり得る。ヘテロ原子またはヘテロ基は、−O−または−NH−であり得る。1つの実施形態において、YはCH2であり;R1はヒドロキシル基であり;R2およびR4は水素であり;R3は約6個〜約60個の炭素原子、1つの実施形態において、約6個〜約18個の炭素原子のヒドロカルビル基であり;Rは水素であり;R5は水素であり;jは1であり;そして、m+nが少なくとも5の値を有し;そして、mは1または2である。
リン含有金属塩を作製するのに有用なリン含有化合物は、以下の式
アシル化窒素含有化合物は、少なくとも1つのカルボン酸アシル化剤をアミノ化合物と反応させることによって作製され得る。アシル化剤は、イミド結合、アミド結合、アミジン結合または塩結合を介してアミノ化合物に連結され得る。少なくとも10個の脂肪族炭素原子からなる置換基は、分子のカルボン酸アシル化剤由来の部分または、分子のアミノ化合物由来の部分のいずれかであり得る。
潤滑油組成物はまた、当該分野において公知である他の潤滑剤添加剤を含有し得る。これらとしては、例えば、腐食防止剤、酸化防止剤、粘度改質剤、分散粘度指数改質剤、流動点降下剤、摩擦改質剤、上で議論されたもの以外の抗磨耗剤、上で議論されたもの以外のEP剤、上で議論されたもの以外の分散剤、上で議論されたもの以外の界面活性剤、流動度改質剤、銅不動体化剤、消泡剤などが挙げられる。上記添加剤の各々は、使用される場合、潤滑剤の所望の特性を与えるために機能的に有効な量で使用される。一般に、これらの添加剤の各々の濃度は、使用される場合、潤滑油組成物の総重量に基づいて、約0.001重量%〜約20重量%の範囲であり、そして1つの実施形態において、約0.01重量%〜約10重量%の範囲である。
上記潤滑油添加剤は、基油に直接添加されて、潤滑油組成物を形成し得る。しかし、1つの実施形態において、添加剤の1種以上が、実質的に不活性な、通常は液体の有機希釈剤(例えば、鉱油、合成油、ナフサ、アルキル化(例えば、C10〜C13アルキル)ベンゼン、トルエンまたはキシレン)で希釈されて、添加剤濃縮物を形成する。これらの濃縮物は、通常、約1重量%〜約99重量%のこのような希釈剤を含み、そして1つの実施形態においては、10重量%〜90重量%のこのような希釈剤を含む。この濃縮物は、基油に添加されて、潤滑油組成物を形成し得る。
Sequence IIIF Test Procedureを使用する機関試験を、表1において同定される潤滑油を使用して実施する。実施例1は、本発明の範囲内であるが、実施例C−1は、本発明の範囲内ではなく、比較の目的で提供される。表Iにおいて、他に示されない限り、全ての数値は、重量%である。
% wt Ptは、Sequence III F Test Procedureを使用する試験のt時間の終了時の、クランク室内の潤滑油組成物中のリンの重量%であり;
% wt Mnewは、Sequence III F Test Procedureを使用する試験の開始時の、クランク室内の潤滑油組成物中のカルシウムの重量%であり;
% wt Pnewは、Sequence III F Test Procedureを使用する試験の開始時の、クランク室内の潤滑油組成物中のリンの重量%であり;そして
% wt Mtは、Sequence III F Test Procedureを使用する試験のt時間の終了時の、クランク室内の潤滑油組成物中のカルシウムの重量%である。
一連の潤滑調合物を調製する:各々が、以下を含有する:
約84.5重量%の油であって、優先的に、API Group II基油、100℃での全体の粘度4.5mm2/s(cSt);
5%(慣用的な希釈油を含む)のオレフィンコポリマー粘度改質剤;
0.15%(希釈油を含む)のポリマー性流動点降下剤;
5.1%(希釈油を含む)のスクシンイミド分散剤;
0.4%の摩擦改質剤;
2.0%の酸化防止剤;
1.5%(希釈油を含む)のオーバーベース化カルシウム界面活性剤およびナトリウム界面活性剤;
0.15%のモリブデン含有酸化防止剤/摩擦改質剤;
0.35%の腐食防止剤;ならびに
100ppmの市販の消泡剤。
ZDP #1− イソプロパノール(C3)および4−メチル−2−ペンタノール(C6)(両方、第二級アルコール)を使用して調製された。
ZDP #2− 4−メチル−2−ペンタノールを使用して調製された。
ZDP #3− イソプロパノールおよび2−エチルヘキサノール(C8の第一級アルコール)を使用して調製された。
「R」基のモル%は、全てのZDP成分によって提供される、示される炭素数を有する全てのヒドロカルビル基のモル%である。
Claims (15)
- 内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法であって、該排出制御システムには、処理デバイスの後に排気ガスを含む触媒が備え付けられ、該方法は以下:
(A)基油;アルカリ金属含有界面活性剤またはアルカリ土類金属含有界面活性剤;以下の式
(B)該機関に潤滑油組成物を添加する工程;
(C)該機関を操作する工程;
(D)希薄リン含有排気ガスを産生する工程;および
(E)希薄リン含有排気ガスに、処理デバイス後の排気ガス中で触媒を接触させる工程を包含する、方法。 - 前記基油が、鉱油、ポリ−α−オレフィンまたはFischer−Tropsch合成炭化水素由来の油またはこれらの混合物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が式(I)で表される化合物を含有し、式(I)において、X1およびX2が各々Sであり、R1およびR2 の残りが独立して6個〜18個の炭素原子のアルキル基またはアルケニル基あるいは芳香族基である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- リン含有化合物の前記金属塩において用いられる金属が、亜鉛である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物中に存在するリンの少なくとも80重量%が、式(I)で表される化合物中に存在し、ここでR1およびR2 の残りが独立して6個〜18個の炭素原子のヒドロカルビル基である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルカリ金属含有界面活性剤またはアルカリ土類金属含有界面活性剤が、有機硫黄酸、カルボン酸、ラクトン、フェノール、またはヒドロカルビル置換サリゲニンの塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属が、ナトリウム、リチウムまたはカルシウムである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アシル化窒素含有化合物が、ポリイソブテン置換スクシンイミドである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、マグネシウムを含まないことにより特徴付けられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物中に存在するリンの少なくとも80重量%が、式(I)により表される化合物中に存在し、ここでR1およびR2が4−メチル−2−ペンチルである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、リンに基づいて0.08重量%までのリン含量により特徴付けられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リン含有金属塩により供給される全てのR1基およびR2基の40%までが、4個以下の炭素原子を含み、該リン含有金属塩により供給される全てのR1基およびR2基の60モル%より多くが、第二級アルコール由来である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リン含有金属塩により供給される全てのR1基およびR2基の60モル%より多くが、第二級アルコール由来であり;前記アシル化窒素含有化合物が、少なくとも10個の脂肪族炭素原子を有し、少なくとも2のTBNを有するアシル化窒素含有化合物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リン含有金属塩により供給される全てのR1基およびR2基の40%までが、4個以下の炭素原子を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US38811102P | 2002-06-10 | 2002-06-10 | |
US60/388,111 | 2002-06-10 | ||
PCT/US2003/017588 WO2003104620A2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-06-05 | Method of lubricating an internal combustion engine and improving the efficiency of the emissions control system of the engine |
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JP2009298885A Withdrawn JP2010070772A (ja) | 2002-06-10 | 2009-12-28 | 内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法 |
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EP (1) | EP1513915B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5099868B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE404654T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003274361A1 (ja) |
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JP5099868B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-10 | 2012-12-19 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | 内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法 |
US7285516B2 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2007-10-23 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Additive formulation for lubricating oils |
WO2004096957A1 (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Diesel lubricant low in sulfur and phosphorus |
US20040266630A1 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2004-12-30 | The Lubrizol Corporation, A Corporation Of The State Of Ohio | Novel additive composition that reduces soot and/or emissions from engines |
US7648948B2 (en) | 2005-04-08 | 2010-01-19 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Additive system for lubricants |
US7803332B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2010-09-28 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Reactor temperature control |
US7981846B2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2011-07-19 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Lubricating oil composition with improved emission compatibility |
EP1971670A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2008-09-24 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | A composition of lubricating oil for two stroke gasoline engine and process for the preparation thereof |
EP2024407A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-02-18 | DSMIP Assets B.V. | Process for the preparation of a hydroxy-aromatic resin: hydroxy-aromatic resin, and modification thereof |
DE202006009059U1 (de) * | 2006-06-07 | 2006-09-28 | Addinol Lube Oil Gmbh | Hochleistungs-Industrie-Getriebeöl mit verbesserten Gebrauchswert-Eigenschaften |
US7772171B2 (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2010-08-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method of lubricating an internal combustion engine and improving the efficiency of the emissions control system of the engine |
EP2041247A2 (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2009-04-01 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating oil composition and method of improving efficiency of emissions control system |
US20080125337A1 (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-05-29 | Guinther Gregory H | Lubricant formulations and methods |
CN102124086A (zh) * | 2008-07-31 | 2011-07-13 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 聚(羟基羧酸)酰胺盐衍生物和包含它的润滑组合物 |
US20100056407A1 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-04 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant formulations and methods of lubricating a combustion system to achieve improved emmisions catalyst durability |
ATE551415T1 (de) * | 2008-09-05 | 2012-04-15 | Infineum Int Ltd | Schmierölzusammensetzung |
US20100256030A1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-10-07 | Hartley Rolfe J | Lubricating Oil Composition |
US8084403B2 (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2011-12-27 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant formulations and methods |
EP2550346B1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2020-11-04 | Vanderbilt Chemicals, LLC | Ultra low phosphorus lubricant compositions |
US9725673B2 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2017-08-08 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant compositions for improved engine performance |
US9200230B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2015-12-01 | VORA Inc. | Lubricating compositions and methods of use thereof |
CN115093893A (zh) * | 2014-04-25 | 2022-09-23 | 路博润公司 | 多级润滑组合物 |
US10472584B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | Infineum International Ltd. | Dispersant additives and additive concentrates and lubricating oil compositions containing same |
US10487288B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2019-11-26 | Infineum International Limited | Additive concentrates for the formulation of lubricating oil compositions |
US11168280B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2021-11-09 | Infineum International Limited | Additive concentrates for the formulation of lubricating oil compositions |
US11851628B2 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-12-26 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating oil composition having resistance to engine deposits |
CN114504759B (zh) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-11-18 | 华南理工大学 | 一种可常温固化的长效尾矿钝化剂及其制备方法与应用 |
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US4952328A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1990-08-28 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating oil compositions |
JPH06207191A (ja) * | 1993-01-13 | 1994-07-26 | Tonen Corp | 潤滑油組成物 |
JPH09194866A (ja) * | 1996-01-19 | 1997-07-29 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | アルコール系燃料用エンジン油組成物 |
JP3609526B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-29 | 2005-01-12 | 東燃ゼネラル石油株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
US5726132A (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-03-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Oil composition for improving fuel economy in internal combustion engines |
US5919740A (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-07-06 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Alkylthiophosphate salts for lubricating oils |
US6010986A (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-01-04 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Alcohol borate esters to improve bearing corrosion in engine oils |
JP2000319682A (ja) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-21 | Tonen Corp | 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 |
CA2394289C (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2009-10-20 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricants containing a bimetallic detergent system and a method of reducing nox emissions employing same |
US6569818B2 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2003-05-27 | Chevron Oronite Company, Llc | Lubricating oil composition |
CA2434332A1 (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-15 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating oil composition |
JP5099868B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-10 | 2012-12-19 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | 内燃機関を潤滑し、該機関の排出制御システムの効率を改善する方法 |
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CA2488910A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
EP1513915B1 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
DE60322897D1 (de) | 2008-09-25 |
CA2488910C (en) | 2012-07-31 |
WO2003104620A3 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
EP1513915A2 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
JP2005529218A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
AU2003274361A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
ATE404654T1 (de) | 2008-08-15 |
US7462583B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
WO2003104620A2 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
JP2010070772A (ja) | 2010-04-02 |
ES2311715T3 (es) | 2009-02-16 |
US20050166868A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
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