JP4980247B2 - 測位システムにおける連続データ最適化 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
- H04W64/003—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management locating network equipment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0205—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/12—Detection or prevention of fraud
- H04W12/121—Wireless intrusion detection systems [WIDS]; Wireless intrusion prevention systems [WIPS]
- H04W12/122—Counter-measures against attacks; Protection against rogue devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/20—Services signaling; Auxiliary data signalling, i.e. transmitting data via a non-traffic channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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Description
最新のアクセスポイントデータの品質の最適化
クラスタが発見できない場合、アクセスポイントの数学的中央値はアクセスポイントの大多数の距離平均の最適な推定値としての役割を果たす。
疑わしいアクセスポイントは、三角測量計算への入力から排除され、有効なアクセスポイント位置が、機器位置を三角法で測定するのに使用される(502)。三角測量アルゴリズムへの入力は、品質フィルタ(207)から戻される有効なアクセスポイントのセットである。三角測量部は、観察された有効なアクセスポイントの位置のリストをそれぞれの信号強度とともに読み取り、水平位置誤差(その時点での精度誤差の推定値)と一緒に緯度と経度も算出する。三角測量プロセスは、平滑化プロセスを適用するため、追加のフィルタをスキャンに追加する以前の位置も考慮に入れる。疑わしいアクセスポイントを排除することによって、我々は、照らして算出するためのより信頼度の高い基準地点のセットを三角測量アルゴリズムに提供する。アクセスポイントはいつでも移動可能なため、測位ソフトウェアは基準地点の動的な性質を考慮に入れなければならない。フィルタリングを行わないと、算出された位置は結果的に数百または数千マイル離れてしまう可能性がある。
既知のアクセスポイントのアクセスポイント基準データベースないで発見される観察されたアクセスポイントは、疑わしいアクセスポイントの排除後にクライアント機器の位置を算出するのに使用される。MACアドレスがアクセスポイント基準データベース内に発見されない、観察されたアクセスポイントは、データベースが作成または更新された後に追加された新しいアクセスポイント(302)(503)を表す。既知のアクセスポイント基準データベース内に発見されない、それらの観察されたアクセスポイントは、新たなアクセスポイントとしてフィードバックファイルに追加される。それらの新たに発見されたアクセスポイントは、観察された信号強度とともに、測位システムによって算出されたクライアント機器の位置でマークされる。この状況は、多数のシナリオで発生する。多くの場合、新たなアクセスポイントが購入され、スキャン車両による最後の物理的スキャン以降、近傍に配備される。W−Fiの急速な拡大により、これは非常によく起こるケースである。別のケースでは、アクセスポイントが建物の中心の奥に位置し、スキャン車両が通りからそのアクセスポイントを検出することができない。別の例では、アクセスポイントが高層ビルの上層階に位置している場合がある。これらのアクセスポイントは、スキャン車両が作動する下の通りから検出することは困難だが、徒歩のユーザによりビルの近くを通り過ぎる、あるいはビル自体に入るクライアント機器によって受信されることがある。
図3を参照すると、いくつかの実施形態では、既知のアクセスポイントのアクセスポイント基準データベースは、クライアント機器から離れた中央ネットワークサーバに配置される。この接続の提供は、利用可能なネットワーク接続を介して可能でありデータ交換部(303)によって管理される。いったん認証されると、クライアント機器(103)は局所記憶フィードバックファイル(212)からすべての疑わしい、および新しいアクセスポイントデータを特定し、そのデータをアクセスポイント基準データベース(205)にアップロードする。
Claims (19)
- 位置ベースサービスシステムにおいて、ターゲットエリア内のWiFiアクセスポイントを監視するWiFi使用可能装置を用いて、複数のWiFiアクセスポイントが以前に記録された位置に対して移動したかどうかを示す方法であって、
a)複数の観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントが自身を特定するように、WiFi使用可能装置がWiFi使用可能装置の範囲内の複数のWiFiアクセスポイントと通信するステップと、
b)ターゲットエリア内のそれぞれの観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対して記録された位置を明示する情報を得るために基準データベースにアクセスするステップと、
c)所定の規則と組み合わせて、それぞれの観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対して記録された位置情報を用いて、観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントが記録された位置から移動したかどうかを推定するステップと、
d)移動したと推定される、観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントの識別子を基準データベースに伝えるステップと、を備え、
所定の規則が(i)観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントのクラスタを特定する規則と、(ii)最大数のWiFiアクセスポイントを有するクラスタを判定する規則と、(iii)前記最大数のWiFiアクセスポイントを有するクラスタ内の観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対して記録された位置の平均値及び中央値の少なくとも一つから基準地点の位置を算出する規則と、(iv)基準データベースに記憶される記録された位置が基準地点からの閾値距離を越える観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントを移動したと推定する規則と、を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 所定の規則が(i)観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントの中央位置を算出する規則と、(ii)基準データベースに記憶された位置が前記中央位置から閾値距離を越える観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントを疑わしいと特定する規則と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項1の方法。
- 所定の規則が、WiFi使用可能装置の最近の位置を基準地点として記憶する規則を含むことを特徴とする請求項1の方法。
- 所定の規則が、基準データベースに記憶された位置が、観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントの中央位置から閾値距離を越える観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントを疑わしいと特定する規則を含むことを特徴とする請求項1の方法。
- WiFi使用可能装置の速度の判定をさらに含み、閾値距離がWiFi使用可能装置の速度に基づき選択されることを特徴とする請求項3又は4の方法。
- 基準データベースがWiFi使用可能装置から離れて配置されることを特徴とする請求項1の方法。
- 疑わしいと特定されたWiFiアクセスポイントが即時に基準データベースでマークされることを特徴とする請求項1の方法。
- WiFiアクセスポイントがWiFi使用可能装置で疑わしいとマークされ、後で基準データベースでマークされることを特徴とする請求項1の方法。
- 基準データベースが、各ユーザのWiFi使用可能装置の地理的位置を判定する論理を有するWiFi使用可能装置を各自が有する多数の加入者を備えた位置ベースサービスシステムの1部であり、ステップ(a)〜(d)がシステムを使用する多数のWiFi使用可能装置によって繰返し実行されることを特徴とする請求項1の方法。
- 位置ベースサービスシステムにおいて、ターゲットエリア内の複数のWiFiアクセスポイントを監視するWiFi使用可能装置を用いて、WiFiアクセスポイントが新たに観察されたかどうかを示す方法であって、
a)複数の観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントが自身を特定するように、WiFi使用可能装置がWiFi使用可能装置の範囲内の複数のWiFiアクセスポイントと通信するステップと、
b)ターゲットエリア内のそれぞれの観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対して記録された位置を明示する情報を得るために基準データベースにアクセスするステップと、
c)基準データベースが対応する記録された位置を明示する情報を持たない、複数の観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントを特定するステップと、
d)ステップ(b)で得られたそれぞれの観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対して記録された位置情報を用いて、WiFi使用可能装置の位置を算出するステップと、
e)ステップ (c)で、複数の特定されたWiFiアクセスポイントを基準データベースに伝え、複数の新たに観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントの位置情報としてともに役割を果たすステップ(d)で算出された位置を提供するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする方法。 - WiFiアクセスポインに対する信号強度情報を記録するステップと、WiFi使用可能装置の位置を算出する際に信号強度情報を使用するステップとをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項10の方法。
- 基準データベースがユーザ機器と離れて配置されることを特徴とする請求項10の方法。
- 新しいと特定されたWiFiアクセスポイントが即時に基準データベースに追加されることを特徴とする請求項12の方法。
- 新しいと特定されたWiFiアクセスポイントがWiFi使用可能装置に記憶され、後で基準データベースに追加されることを特徴とする請求項12の方法。
- 基準データベースが、各ユーザのWiFi使用可能装置の地理的位置を判定する論理を有するWiFi使用可能装置を各自が有する多数の加入者を備えた位置ベースサービスシステムの1部であり、ステップ(a)〜(e)がシステムを使用する多数のWiFi使用可能装置によって繰返し実行されることを特徴とする請求項10の方法。
- WiFi使用可能装置用の位置ベースサービスシステムにおいて、WiFi使用可能装置の位置を算出する方法であって、
a)複数の観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントが自身を特定するように、WiFi使用可能装置がWiFi使用可能装置の範囲内の複数のWiFiアクセスポイントと通信するステップと、
b)ターゲットエリア内のそれぞれの観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対して記録された位置を明示する情報を得るために基準データベースにアクセスするステップと、
c)複数の観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントをWiFiアクセスポイントのセットに含めるべきか、あるいは除外すべきかを判定する所定の規則と組み合わせて、それぞれの観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対して記録された位置情報を使用するステップと、
d)セット内に含められた複数のWiFiアクセスポイントのみの記録された位置情報を用い、除外された複数のWiFiアクセスポイントの記録された位置情報を削除して、WiFi使用可能装置の地理的位置を算出するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする方法。 - セット内に含められたWiFiアクセスポイントに対する信号強度情報を記録するステップと、WiFi使用可能装置の地理的位置を算出する際に信号強度情報を用いるステップとをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項16の方法。
- 所定の規則が、基準地点を判定し、それぞれの観察されたWiFiアクセスポイントに対する記録された位置情報と基準地点とを比較する規則を含み、基準地点の所定の閾値距離内に記録された位置を有するWiFiアクセスポイントがセット内に含められ、基準地点の所定の閾値距離を超える記録された位置を有するWiFiアクセスポイントがセットから除外されることを特徴とする請求項16の方法。
- 基準地点が、WiFiアクセスポイントのクラスタを特定し、クラスタ内のWiFiアクセスポイントの平均位置を判定することによって決定されることを特徴とする請求項18の方法。
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US65481105P | 2005-02-22 | 2005-02-22 | |
US60/654,811 | 2005-02-22 | ||
US11/261,988 | 2005-10-28 | ||
US11/261,988 US7305245B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-28 | Location-based services that choose location algorithms based on number of detected access points within range of user device |
PCT/US2006/006041 WO2007081356A2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | Continuous data optimization in positioning system |
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JP2012031520A Division JP5450689B2 (ja) | 2005-02-22 | 2012-02-16 | 測位システムにおける連続データ最適化 |
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US (9) | US7474897B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1851979B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4980247B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101249178B1 (ja) |
AU (3) | AU2006335359B2 (ja) |
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