JP4939482B2 - 薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤、その製造方法、および前記コーティング剤でコートされた薬物放出ステント - Google Patents
薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤、その製造方法、および前記コーティング剤でコートされた薬物放出ステント Download PDFInfo
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- JP4939482B2 JP4939482B2 JP2008138213A JP2008138213A JP4939482B2 JP 4939482 B2 JP4939482 B2 JP 4939482B2 JP 2008138213 A JP2008138213 A JP 2008138213A JP 2008138213 A JP2008138213 A JP 2008138213A JP 4939482 B2 JP4939482 B2 JP 4939482B2
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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Description
ポリエチレンイミン(PEI):デオキシコール酸(DOCA)をモル比が1:1となるように準備し、触媒として使用されるべきDCCとHOSUをそれぞれ1.2モルとなるように準備した。まず、デオキシコール酸、前記DCCおよびHOSUを混ぜてジメチルホルムアミド20mLに溶かし、ポリエチレンイミンも別途にジメチルホルムアミド20mLに溶解させた。デオキシコール酸が溶けている反応器に残留するように混合し、反応させた後、ろ過して無駄な要素を除去した。そして、ポリエチレンイミンとデオキシコール酸を溶解させるために使用された溶媒、すなわちジメチルホルムアミドと反応しなかった未反応物などを除去するために、孔径8000Åの気孔を持つ透析膜を用いて透析した。透析の後、合成物のみを集めるために凍結乾燥によって水を蒸発させてポリエチレンイミン−デオキシコール酸重合体(これを「PDo1」という)を収得した。
デオキシコール酸を5モル使用する以外は前記合成例1と同様にして、ポリエチレンイミン−デオキシコール酸重合体(これを「PDo5」という)を収得した。
デオキシコール酸を8モル使用する以外は前記合成例1と同様にして、ポリエチレンイミン−デオキシコール酸重合体(これを「PDo8」という)を収得した。
前記合成例1〜3で製造したPDo1、PDo5およびPDo8をそれぞれ0.2g、および生物学的活性物質としてのタクソール0.02gをエタノール4mLに溶かした後、高速真空蒸発器で約20分間エタノールを除去し、残っているかも知れないエタノールを確実に除去するために、3次蒸留水をそれぞれ0.1mLずつ仕込んで混ぜた後、高速真空蒸留器で30〜40分間さらに反応させた。
前記実施例1で収得した3種のナノ粒子、すなわちPDo1ナノ粒子、PDo5ナノ粒子、およびPDo8ナノ粒子を商用化された大腸用ステントの外壁にコートさせた。
前記実施例1で収得した3種のナノ粒子、すなわちPDo1ナノ粒子、PDo5ナノ粒子、およびPDo8ナノ粒子の特性を分析し、その結果を下記表1に示す。
前記実施例1で収得されたPDoを用いて細胞生存率を測定し、その結果を図2に示す。図2より、試料の濃度が高くなるほど細胞の生存率が減少し、デオキシコール酸とより高い割合で結合したPDo8の細胞生存率が他の試料に比べて著しく高いことを確認することができた。また、初期には単独ポリエチレンイミンに比べて細胞生存率が高いが、試料の濃度が濃くなるほど生存率が急激に減少することを確認することができた。
2重量%のポリウレタン(分子量約100,000)を98重量%のテトラヒドロフランに溶解させたポリウレタンコーティング溶液を準備し、別途に、前記実施例1で収得した3種のナノ粒子、すなわちPDo1ナノ粒子、PDo5ナノ粒子およびPDo8ナノ粒子をエタノールに溶解させた後、この2溶液を混合し、テフロン(登録商標)でコートされた公知のステントの表面に5回コートすることを1サイクルとして連続的に2サイクル行った後、その厚さを測定した結果、元々テフロン(登録商標)厚さが0.030μmであるが、テストを1回行った場合には0.072μm、テストを2回行った場合には0.075μmが得られた。
小動物(マウス)実験によって、タクソールを含む或いは含まない各種剤形のコーティング剤に対する癌の大きさ変化を測定し、その結果を図3に示す。各実験群は、4匹のマウスを用いて実験した。ナノ粒子による動物毒性のため、ナノ粒子の量を1/4にして実験を行った。図3において、ポリウレタン+ポリエチレンイミン/デオキシコール酸+タクソールが第1の剤形(PEI/DOCA+taxol)であり、第3の剤形がポリウレタン+タクソール剤形である。すなわち、図3において、第1のPEI/DOCA+taxolはポリウレタン600mg+ポリエチレンイミン/デオキシコール酸20mg+タクソール60mg+テトラヒドロフラン7mLで調製されたコーティング液を意味し、第2のPEI/DOCAはポリエチレンイミン/デオキシコール酸20mg+ポリウレタン600mg+テトラヒドロフラン7mLで調製されたコーティング液を意味し、第3のtaxolはポリウレタン600mg+(ポリエチレンイミン/デオキシコール酸20mg+タクソール60mg)+テトラヒドロフラン7mLで調製されたコーティング液を意味し、第4のUrethaneはポリウレタン600mg+テトラヒドロフラン7mLで調製されたコーティング液を意味する。
Claims (8)
- ポリエチレンイミン1モルを基準としてデオキシコール酸1〜8モルを結合させたポリエチレンイミン−デオキシコール酸重合体に、生物学的活性物質を封入したナノ粒子を含んでなることを特徴とする薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤。
- 前記生物学的活性物質がタクソールであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤。
- 前記薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤がポリウレタンと共に使用される、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤。
- (1)ポリエチレンイミン1モルをジメチルホルムアミド20mLに溶解させて第1溶液を収得する第1溶解段階と、
(2)前記1モルポリエチレンイミンを基準として、デオキシコール酸1〜8モル、触媒としてのジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド(Dicyclohexyl carbodiimide)およびヒドロキシスクシンイミド(Hydroxy succinimide)1.1〜1.3モルをジメチルホルムアミド20mLに溶解させて第2溶液を収得する第2溶解段階と、
(3)前記第1溶液に前記第2溶液をゆっくり滴下させて混合し、12〜24時間室温で攪拌させながら反応させ、ろ過させる反応段階と、
(4)前記反応段階で得られたろ過液から、ジメチルホルムアミドとの未反応物を除去するために、孔径800nmの気孔を持つ透析膜を用いて透析させる透析段階と、
(5)前記透析段階を経た溶液から水を除去してポリエチレンイミン−デオキシコール酸重合体を収得する回収段階と、
(6)前記回収段階で収得されたポリエチレンイミン−デオキシコール酸重合体0.2gと生物学的活性物質0.01〜0.03gとを共にエタノール4mLに溶解させた後、真空蒸留させてエタノールを除去して混合物を収得する第3混合段階と、
(7)前記第3混合段階で収得された混合物0.5mLを1mLの蒸留水に投入し、渦流攪拌およびピペッティングを行って分散させることにより、ナノ粒子を収得するナノ粒子化段階と、を含むことを特徴とする薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤の製造方法。
- 前記(6)の第3混合段階で得られた混合物4mLに蒸留水0.8mLを加えて混合した後、真空蒸留をさらに行ってエタノールを除去するエタノール追加除去段階をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤の製造方法。
- 前記エタノール追加除去段階で、前記蒸留水として3次蒸留水が使用されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤の製造方法。
- 前記エタノール追加除去段階が、前記混合物を5〜10等分にし、蒸留水も5〜10等分に分けて行われることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤の製造方法。
- 前記薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤がポリウレタンと共に使用されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の薬物放出ステント用コーティング剤の製造方法。
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US10213529B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2019-02-26 | Surmodics, Inc. | Delivery of coated hydrophobic active agent particles |
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