JP4836312B2 - Silver plating pretreatment agent and silver plating method - Google Patents

Silver plating pretreatment agent and silver plating method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4836312B2
JP4836312B2 JP2000232782A JP2000232782A JP4836312B2 JP 4836312 B2 JP4836312 B2 JP 4836312B2 JP 2000232782 A JP2000232782 A JP 2000232782A JP 2000232782 A JP2000232782 A JP 2000232782A JP 4836312 B2 JP4836312 B2 JP 4836312B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
silver plating
pretreatment agent
plating
silver
compound
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JP2000232782A
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JP2002047573A (en
Inventor
徹 伊森
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JX Nippon Mining and Metals Corp
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JX Nippon Mining and Metals Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、導電性の低い材料や鏡面物や粉体などの表面に無電解めっきにより銀めっきするための銀めっき前処理剤、およびそれを用いた銀めっき方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
無電解金属めっき法は導電性のない下地に金属被膜を形成する方法の一つであり、無電解めっきの前処理としてパラジウムなどの貴金属を触媒としてあらかじめ下地に付着させておく活性化と呼ばれる方法が一般的である。これまで、SnCl2の塩酸性水溶液で処理した後PdCl2水溶液に浸漬処理してPdを吸着させたり、SnとPdを含んだコロイド溶液によりPdを表面に担持させる方法が使われてきた。最近、無電解めっきの触媒であるPdなどの貴金属を表面に担持させる方法としてこれらの貴金属類と錯体を形成できる官能基を有するシランカップリング剤を使った方法がいろいろと提案されている(特公昭59−52701、特開昭60−181294、特開昭61−194183、特公平3−44149)。これらの中で、めっき触媒固定剤とめっき触媒を別々に処理する方法、すなわちカップリング剤を被めっき物に吸着させた後触媒となる貴金属イオンを担持させる場合、カップリング剤処理により被めっき物の表面が改質されたり、貴金属イオンを効率良く担持できなかったりするためか、被めっき物の素材によっては密着性良く均一にめっきすることが困難な場合があった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はこうした実情の下に従来無電解めっきが適用しにくかった素材に対しても、密着力よく無電解銀めっき皮膜を形成することができる無電気銀めっきのための前処理剤、およびそれを用いた無電解銀めっき方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、鋭意検討した結果、スズ化合物と、含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物とエポキシシランカップリング剤との反応生成物であるアゾール系シランカップリング剤からなる前処理剤により被めっき物を前処理することが有効であることを知見し、本発明に至った。
【0005】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)銀めっき前処理剤で処理した後、引き続き無電解銀めっきする方法に使用する前記前処理剤であって、有効成分が金属捕捉能を持つ置換基を有する含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物とエポキシ基含有シラン化合物との反応生成物であるアゾール系シランカップリング剤とスズ化合物からなる銀めっき前処理剤、
)含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物がイミダゾールである前記()記載の銀めっき前処理剤、
)スズ化合物が塩化第1スズである前記(1)又は(2)記載の銀めっき前処理剤、
)被めっき物を前記(1)、(2)又は(3)記載の銀めっき前処理剤で処理した後、引き続き無電解銀めっきすることを特徴とする銀めっき方法、
に関する。
【0006】
本発明の前処理剤の一つの有効成分であるアゾール系シランカップリング剤は、含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物とエポキシ基含有シラン化合物との反応生成物である。前記含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物としては、イミダゾール、オキサゾール、チアゾール、セレナゾール、ピラゾール、イソオキサゾール、イソチアゾール、トリアゾール、オキサジアゾール、チアジアゾール、テトラゾール、オキサトリアゾール、チアトリアゾール、ベンダゾール、インダゾール、ベンズイミダゾール、ベンゾトリアゾール、インダゾールなどが挙げられる。これらに制限されるものではないが、イミダゾールが特に好ましい。
【0007】
また、このような含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物と反応させるエポキシ基含有シラン化合物としては、
【0008】
【化1】

Figure 0004836312
(式中、Rは水素又は炭素数が1〜3のアルキル基)
で示されるエポキシシランカップリング剤が好ましい。
【0009】
前記アゾール化合物と前記エポキシ基含有シラン化合物との反応は、特開平6−256358号公報に説示されている条件で行うことができる。例えば、80〜200℃でアゾール化合物1モルに対して0.1〜10モルのエポキシ基含有シラン化合物を滴下して5分〜2時間反応させる。その際、溶媒は特に不要であるが、クロロホルム、ジオキサンメタノール、エタノール等の有機溶媒を用いてもよい。
【0010】
スズ化合物としては、塩化第1スズ、塩化第2スズ、酸化スズ、しゅう酸スズ、硫酸スズ、臭化スズ、酢酸スズなどを用いることができる。特に塩化第1スズが望ましい。
【0011】
本発明の銀めっき前処理剤は、前記のアゾール系シランカップリング剤と塩化第1スズとを有効成分とするが、アゾール系シランカップリング剤とスズ化合物との割合(モル比)は0.001〜50で用いられ、好ましくは0.1〜20である。
【0012】
本発明の銀めっき前処理剤は、水溶液の形態で使用するのが好ましく、溶液中のアゾール系シランカップリング剤の濃度は、0.001〜10重量%が使いやすい。0.001重量%未満の場合、被めっき物の表面に付着する量が低くなりめっきが均一にされない。
【0013】
また、10重量%を超えると付着量が多すぎて乾燥しにくかったり、被めっき物が粉末の場合、凝集を起こしやすくなる。
【0014】
本発明の前処理剤の作用について述べると、上記のようにアゾール系シランカップリング剤成分が被めっき物の表面に付着し、その付着したアゾール系シランカップリング剤に塩化第1スズが担持されてこれがめっき触媒として作用し、後続の無電解銀めっきを促進する。
【0015】
本発明の銀めっき方法によれば、被めっき材はその性状に制限されない。例えば、ガラス、セラミックなどの無機材料、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、フッ素樹脂などのプラスチック材料、そのフィルム、シート、繊維、必要によりガラス布基材などで補強されたエポキシ樹脂などの絶縁板などの絶縁物やSiウエハーなどの半導体などの導電性の低い被めっき物に適用されるが、被めっき物は透明ガラス板、Siウエハー、その他半導体基板のような鏡面物であっても、また粉体であっても本発明の方法を好ましく適用することができる。このような粉体としては、例えばガラスビーズ、二硫化モリブデン粉末、酸化マグネシウム粉末、黒鉛粉末、SiC粉末、酸化ジルコニウム粉末、アルミナ粉末、酸化ケイ素粉末、マイカフレーク、ガラス繊維、窒化ケイ素、テフロン粉末などが挙げられる。
【0016】
無電解めっきをする被めっき材を本発明の前処理剤で処理する場合、すでに述べたとおり、前処理剤を水溶液で用いることが好ましいが、例えば、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、2−プロパノール、エチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコールなどやこれらを混合した溶媒などに溶解させた溶液も使用できる。特に水溶液を用いる際は、pHがめっき性を大きく左右する。めっき触媒(スズ化合物)を固定する窒素の錯体形成能力からはpHは高い方が良いが溶液の安定性が低下するため、一般にpH1.5〜7が好ましい。
【0017】
本発明の前処理剤には、前記有効成分の他、必要に応じてpH調整剤、界面活性剤、pH緩衝剤などを添加することができる。
【0018】
被めっき物を本発明の前処理剤で処理する方法としては、浸漬、刷毛塗り、スピンコートなどの方法が一般的であるが、これに限定されるものではない。その際30〜80℃の雰囲気下で処理すると薬剤の付着性を向上させる上で有効である。
【0019】
本発明の前処理剤を用いて銀めっきされた被めっき物は、銀の密着性に優れているので、銀の殺菌性を持続的に利用することができ、さまざまな抗菌性製品に応用することができる。例えば、銀めっきした繊維から抗菌性衣料などの抗菌性繊維製品を製造することができる。
【0020】
【実施例】
液の安定性は塩化第一スズを添加し、室温で一昼夜放置後の沈殿物や生成物の存在を目視により判断した。めっき付きは、めっきの被覆率および密着性により判断した。めっき前処理剤処理はすべて70℃に加熱して行った。なお、pH調整は塩酸水溶液を用いて行った。
【0021】
実施例1
イミダゾールとγ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランとの等モル反応生成物0.05wt%水溶液へ室温で攪拌しながら塩化第一スズを添加し、塩化スズ濃度が80mg/Lの溶液を調製した。なお、溶液調製の際pHは塩酸水溶液により2.0にした。安定性は一昼夜放置し、液が安定であることを確認した。この溶液にSiO2粉を加え、1時間室温攪拌し、十分に水洗後、ムデンシルバー(奥野製薬製)を用いて15℃で無電解銀めっきを行った。SiO2粉全体に密着性良く銀めっきされた。めっき後の色は黒灰色であった。
【0022】
実施例2
実施例1と同様に、イミダゾールとγ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランとの等モル反応生成物と塩化第1スズとから調製しためっき前処理剤に、ポリエステル繊維を40℃で5分間浸漬後、十分に水洗した。次に、ムデンシルバー(奥野製薬製)を用いて15℃で無電解銀めっきを行った。ポリエステル繊維全体に密着性良く銀めっきされた。めっき後の色は淡黄色であった。テープ引き剥がしテストにより密着性を測定した結果、テープに銀めっきが付着しなかった。
【0023】
比較例1
ポリエステル繊維を10g/Lの塩化第一スズの水溶液に浸漬し、十分に水洗後、ムデンシルバー(奥野製薬製)を用いて15℃で無電解銀めっきを行った。ポリエステル繊維全体に密着性良く銀めっきされた。めっき後の色は淡黄色であった。テープ引き剥がしテストにより密着性を測定した結果、テープに銀めっきが付着した。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の前処理剤を用いることにより、被めっき物に密着性よく銀めっきを形成することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a silver plating pretreatment agent for silver plating by electroless plating on the surface of a material having low electrical conductivity, a mirror surface or powder, and a silver plating method using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The electroless metal plating method is one of the methods for forming a metal film on a non-conductive base, and a method called activation in which a precious metal such as palladium is preliminarily attached to the base as a pretreatment for the electroless plating. Is common. Previously, or to adsorb Pd was immersed in PdCl 2 solution was treated with hydrochloric acid aqueous solution of SnCl 2, a method for supporting Pd on the surface have been used by a colloidal solution containing Sn and Pd. Recently, various methods using a silane coupling agent having a functional group capable of forming a complex with these noble metals have been proposed as a method for supporting a noble metal such as Pd, which is a catalyst for electroless plating, on the surface. Kohei 59-52701, JP-A-60-181294, JP-A-61-194183, JP-B-3-44149). Among these, the method of treating the plating catalyst fixing agent and the plating catalyst separately, that is, when supporting the noble metal ion that becomes the catalyst after adsorbing the coupling agent to the object to be plated, the object to be plated by the coupling agent treatment Depending on the material of the object to be plated, it may be difficult to uniformly plate with good adhesion, for example, because the surface of the material is modified or the noble metal ions cannot be efficiently supported.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Under such circumstances, the present invention provides a pretreatment agent for electroless silver plating that can form an electroless silver plating film with good adhesion even to materials that have been difficult to apply by conventional electroless plating. An object of the present invention is to provide an electroless silver plating method using the above.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent investigation, the present inventor determined that the object to be plated was prepared by a pretreatment agent composed of an azole-based silane coupling agent, which is a reaction product of a tin compound, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic azole compound, and an epoxy silane coupling agent. The inventors have found that pretreatment is effective and have arrived at the present invention.
[0005]
That is, the present invention
(1) A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic azole compound having a substituent having a metal-capturing ability, the pretreatment agent used in the method of subsequent electroless silver plating after treatment with a silver plating pretreatment agent A silver plating pretreatment agent composed of an azole-based silane coupling agent and a tin compound, which is a reaction product of an epoxy group-containing silane compound ,
( 2 ) The silver plating pretreatment agent according to ( 1 ), wherein the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic azole compound is imidazole,
( 3 ) The silver plating pretreatment agent according to (1) or (2), wherein the tin compound is stannous chloride,
( 4 ) A silver plating method characterized by subjecting an object to be plated with the silver plating pretreatment agent described in (1), (2) or (3) , followed by electroless silver plating,
About.
[0006]
The azole silane coupling agent which is one active ingredient of the pretreatment agent of the present invention is a reaction product of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic azole compound and an epoxy group-containing silane compound. Examples of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic azole compound include imidazole, oxazole, thiazole, selenazole, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, triazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, tetrazole, oxatriazole, thiatriazole, bendazole, indazole, benzimidazole, Examples include benzotriazole and indazole. Although not limited thereto, imidazole is particularly preferable.
[0007]
In addition, as an epoxy group-containing silane compound to be reacted with such a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic azole compound,
[0008]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004836312
(Wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms)
The epoxysilane coupling agent shown by these is preferable.
[0009]
The reaction between the azole compound and the epoxy group-containing silane compound can be carried out under the conditions described in JP-A-6-256358. For example, 0.1 to 10 mol of an epoxy group-containing silane compound is dropped at 80 to 200 ° C. with respect to 1 mol of the azole compound, and the reaction is performed for 5 minutes to 2 hours. At that time, a solvent is not particularly required, but an organic solvent such as chloroform, dioxanemethanol or ethanol may be used.
[0010]
As the tin compound, stannous chloride, stannic chloride, tin oxide, tin oxalate, tin sulfate, tin bromide, tin acetate and the like can be used. In particular, stannous chloride is desirable.
[0011]
The silver plating pretreatment agent of the present invention contains the azole silane coupling agent and stannous chloride as active ingredients, but the ratio (molar ratio) between the azole silane coupling agent and the tin compound is 0.00. 001 to 50, preferably 0.1 to 20.
[0012]
The silver plating pretreatment agent of the present invention is preferably used in the form of an aqueous solution, and the concentration of the azole silane coupling agent in the solution is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight. When the amount is less than 0.001% by weight, the amount attached to the surface of the object to be plated becomes low and the plating is not made uniform.
[0013]
On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 10% by weight, it is difficult to dry because the amount of adhesion is too large, or when the object to be plated is a powder, aggregation tends to occur.
[0014]
The action of the pretreatment agent of the present invention will be described. The azole silane coupling agent component adheres to the surface of the object to be plated as described above, and stannous chloride is supported on the attached azole silane coupling agent. This acts as a plating catalyst and promotes subsequent electroless silver plating.
[0015]
According to the silver plating method of the present invention, the material to be plated is not limited to its properties. For example, insulation such as inorganic materials such as glass and ceramics, plastic materials such as polyester, polyamide, polyimide, fluororesin, films, sheets, fibers, and insulation plates such as epoxy resin reinforced with a glass cloth base material if necessary Applied to low-conductivity objects such as semiconductors and semiconductors such as Si wafers, but the objects to be plated can be transparent glass plates, Si wafers, other mirror surface objects such as semiconductor substrates, and powders. Even if it exists, the method of this invention can be applied preferably. Examples of such powder include glass beads, molybdenum disulfide powder, magnesium oxide powder, graphite powder, SiC powder, zirconium oxide powder, alumina powder, silicon oxide powder, mica flake, glass fiber, silicon nitride, and Teflon powder. Is mentioned.
[0016]
When the material to be electrolessly plated is treated with the pretreatment agent of the present invention, it is preferable to use the pretreatment agent in an aqueous solution as described above. For example, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, 2-propanol, ethylene A solution prepared by dissolving in glycol, polyethylene glycol or the like or a solvent mixed with these can also be used. In particular, when using an aqueous solution, the pH greatly affects the plating property. From the viewpoint of the complex forming ability of nitrogen for fixing the plating catalyst (tin compound), a higher pH is better, but the stability of the solution is lowered, and thus a pH of 1.5 to 7 is generally preferred.
[0017]
In addition to the above active ingredients, a pH adjuster, a surfactant, a pH buffering agent and the like can be added to the pretreatment agent of the present invention as necessary.
[0018]
As a method for treating an object to be plated with the pretreatment agent of the present invention, methods such as dipping, brush coating, and spin coating are common, but are not limited thereto. At that time, treatment in an atmosphere of 30 to 80 ° C. is effective in improving the adhesion of the drug.
[0019]
Since the object plated with silver using the pretreatment agent of the present invention has excellent silver adhesion, the sterilization of silver can be used continuously and applied to various antibacterial products. be able to. For example, antibacterial fiber products such as antibacterial clothing can be produced from silver-plated fibers.
[0020]
【Example】
The stability of the liquid was determined by visual observation of the presence of precipitates and products after addition of stannous chloride and standing at room temperature for a whole day and night. The presence of plating was judged by the coverage and adhesion of the plating. All the plating pretreatments were performed by heating to 70 ° C. In addition, pH adjustment was performed using hydrochloric acid aqueous solution.
[0021]
Example 1
Stannous chloride was added to a 0.05 wt% aqueous solution of equimolar reaction product of imidazole and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane while stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution having a tin chloride concentration of 80 mg / L. In preparing the solution, the pH was adjusted to 2.0 with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. The stability was left for a whole day and night to confirm that the liquid was stable. SiO 2 powder was added to this solution, stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, sufficiently washed with water, and then electroless silver-plated at 15 ° C. using Muden Silver (Okuno Pharmaceutical). The entire SiO 2 powder was silver-plated with good adhesion. The color after plating was black gray.
[0022]
Example 2
In the same manner as in Example 1, polyester fibers were immersed in a pretreatment agent for plating prepared from an equimolar reaction product of imidazole and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and stannous chloride at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes. , Washed thoroughly with water. Next, electroless silver plating was performed at 15 ° C. using Muden Silver (Okuno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). The entire polyester fiber was silver-plated with good adhesion. The color after plating was light yellow. As a result of measuring adhesion by a tape peeling test, silver plating did not adhere to the tape.
[0023]
Comparative Example 1
The polyester fiber was immersed in an aqueous solution of 10 g / L stannous chloride, washed sufficiently with water, and then electroless silver plating was performed at 15 ° C. using Muden Silver (Okuno Pharmaceutical). The entire polyester fiber was silver-plated with good adhesion. The color after plating was light yellow. As a result of measuring adhesion by a tape peeling test, silver plating adhered to the tape.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, by using the pretreatment agent of the present invention, silver plating can be formed on an object to be plated with good adhesion.

Claims (4)

銀めっき前処理剤で処理した後、引き続き無電解銀めっきする方法に使用する前記前処理剤であって、有効成分が金属捕捉能を持つ置換基を有する含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物とエポキシ基含有シラン化合物との反応生成物であるアゾール系シランカップリング剤とスズ化合物からなる銀めっき前処理剤。The pretreatment agent used in the method of subsequent electroless silver plating after being treated with the silver plating pretreatment agent, wherein the active ingredient is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic azole compound having a substituent capable of capturing metal and an epoxy group A silver plating pretreatment agent comprising an azole-based silane coupling agent which is a reaction product with a contained silane compound and a tin compound. 含窒素複素環式アゾール化合物がイミダゾールである請求項記載の銀めっき前処理剤。Silver plating pretreatment agent according to claim 1 containing heterocyclic azole compound is imidazole. スズ化合物が塩化第1スズであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の銀めっき前処理剤。The silver plating pretreatment agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tin compound is stannous chloride. 被めっき物を請求項1、2、又は3記載の銀めっき前処理剤で処理した後、引き続き無電解銀めっきすることを特徴とする銀めっき方法。A silver plating method, comprising: subjecting an object to be plated with the silver plating pretreatment agent according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , and subsequently electroless silver plating.
JP2000232782A 2000-08-01 2000-08-01 Silver plating pretreatment agent and silver plating method Expired - Lifetime JP4836312B2 (en)

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JP5855363B2 (en) * 2011-06-15 2016-02-09 株式会社Adeka Organosilicon compound and electroless plating pretreatment method using the organosilicon compound

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JPS63227784A (en) * 1987-03-16 1988-09-22 Toyobo Co Ltd Method for providing electroless plating catalyst
JPH11335858A (en) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-07 Yuji Shikamata Formation of silver plating surface and solution used therefor
KR100367164B1 (en) * 1998-07-07 2003-01-06 가부시키가이샤 쟈판 에나지 Metal plating pretreatment agent and metal plating method using the same
JP2000104175A (en) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-11 Inoac Corp Vessel and its production
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