JP4729757B2 - Shock absorber damping force adjustment device - Google Patents

Shock absorber damping force adjustment device Download PDF

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JP4729757B2
JP4729757B2 JP2008023995A JP2008023995A JP4729757B2 JP 4729757 B2 JP4729757 B2 JP 4729757B2 JP 2008023995 A JP2008023995 A JP 2008023995A JP 2008023995 A JP2008023995 A JP 2008023995A JP 4729757 B2 JP4729757 B2 JP 4729757B2
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damping force
check valve
piston
force adjustment
contraction
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JP2009185840A (en
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順 樽田
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Dome Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は自動車のサスペンションを初め、自動二輪車のリヤークッションユニットや船舶のシートダンパーなどとして有用なショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a damping force adjusting device for a shock absorber useful as an automobile suspension, a motorcycle rear cushion unit, a ship seat damper, and the like.

特開2004−270715号公報と特開2004−332792号公報には、(第1)チューブ(シリンダー)(2)の内部へ挿入したピストンロッド(6)を、コアーロッド(8)とこれに外嵌の第1、2スリーブ(9)(10)とから成る三重構造として、そのコアーロッド(8)の張り出し先端部に伸び側の減衰力調整ダイヤル(11)と、第1スリーブ(9)の張り出し先端部に縮み側の減衰力調整ダイヤル(12)とを各々取り付け、その調整ダイヤル(11)(12)を外側から回動操作することにより、伸び行程時と縮み行程時との減衰力を各別に独立して調整できるショックアブソーバーが記載されている。   In JP 2004-270715 A and JP 2004-332792 A, a piston rod (6) inserted into the inside of a (first) tube (cylinder) (2) is fitted to a core rod (8) and this. As the triple structure comprising the first and second sleeves (9) and (10), the extension damping force adjusting dial (11) and the projecting tip of the first sleeve (9) are attached to the projecting tip of the core rod (8). A damping force adjustment dial (12) on the contraction side is attached to each part, and the adjustment dials (11) and (12) are rotated from the outside, so that the damping force during the extension stroke and the contraction stroke can be separately set. A shock absorber that can be adjusted independently is described.

殊更、後者の特開2004−332792号発明では、第1チューブ(シリンダー)(2)のほかに特別な第2チューブ(サブタンク)(42)の設置を初め、その第2チューブ(42)の入口部に対する第2ピストン(55)と第2弁板(62)(64)とから成るピストンバルブの組み込みや、その第2ピストンロッド(48)による下方からの減衰力調整操作などを必要とするに比して、前者の特開2004−270715号発明ては、これらを不要化できる簡素な構成になっている点で、本発明に最も近似する公知技術であると考えられる。
特開2004−270715号公報 特開2004−332792号公報
In particular, in the latter Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-332792, in addition to the first tube (cylinder) (2), the installation of a special second tube (subtank) (42) is started, and the inlet of the second tube (42) is started. It is necessary to incorporate a piston valve composed of the second piston (55) and the second valve plate (62) (64) with respect to the part, or to adjust the damping force from below by the second piston rod (48). On the other hand, the former Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-270715 is considered to be a publicly known technique that is most similar to the present invention in that it has a simple configuration that can eliminate these.
JP 2004-270715 A JP 2004-332792 A

ところが、上記特開2004−270715号発明の場合、その全体的な必要構成を簡素化できる利点があるとしても、それはオリフィスの調整機構を具備していないことの結果に過ぎず、低速域での有効なオリフィス特性を調整できないため、自動車などの本来目的とする操縦安定性の調整効果に劣る。   However, in the case of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-270715, even if there is an advantage that the overall required configuration can be simplified, it is only a result of not having an orifice adjusting mechanism, and in the low speed range. Since effective orifice characteristics cannot be adjusted, the effect of adjusting the driving stability, which is originally intended for automobiles, is poor.

又、ピストンバルブによって高速域での減衰力を調整できるとしても、そのための伸び側連通孔(18)を絞る開閉用弁板(21)と、縮み側連通孔(19)を絞る開閉用弁板(23)とは、何れもピストン(14)の表面から張り出す環状突部(33)(42)を弁座として、ここで各々受け止められるようになっており、その弁座が「環状」の凸形状に限定される結果、上記ピストンバルブによる高速域での減衰力は、必らずやディグレッシブ特性となる。   Further, even if the damping force in the high speed range can be adjusted by the piston valve, the opening / closing valve plate (21) for narrowing the expansion side communication hole (18) and the opening / closing valve plate for narrowing the contraction side communication hole (19). (23) means that each of the annular protrusions (33) and (42) protruding from the surface of the piston (14) is used as a valve seat, and the valve seat is "annular". As a result of being limited to the convex shape, the damping force in the high-speed range by the piston valve inevitably becomes a degressive characteristic.

つまり、プリセット荷重を調整する上記弁板(21)(23)の弁座として、例えば星形や花弁形、その他の各種凸形状を採択することにより、減衰力のプログレッシブ特性を操縦者の要望に応えるべく、高精度に調整するようなことが到底不可能である。   In other words, by adopting, for example, a star shape, a petal shape, or other various convex shapes as the valve seats of the valve plates (21) and (23) for adjusting the preset load, the progressive characteristics of the damping force are made to the driver's request. In order to respond, it is impossible to adjust with high accuracy.

更に、上記特開2004−270715号発明の場合、その補正後の明細書段落〔0013〕において、「ロッド(8)には、その外側端に伸び側の調整ダイヤル(11)、スリーブ(9)には、その外側端に縮み側の調整ダイヤル(12)がそれぞれ取付られている」と記載されているにとどまり、その詳細を説明した文章はない。   Further, in the case of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-270715, in the paragraph [0013] after the amendment, “the rod (8) has an adjustment dial (11) and a sleeve (9) on the extended side at the outer end”. However, there is no sentence explaining the details of the adjustment dial (12) on the outer side of the adjustment dial (12).

そして、これらのクリック機構と思しきものが、補正後の図1、2に暗示されているとしても、上記調整ダイヤル(11)(12)は互いに異なる大きさとして、積み重ねられた全体的な露出状態にあり、その下段の大きな縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)が台板(図示符号なし)のボス部へ、又上段の小さな伸び側調整ダイヤル(11)がその縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)のボス部へ、何れも径方向から各々抜け止めボルトとボール(図示符号なし)を介して押し付けられている。   And even though these click mechanisms seem to be implied in FIGS. 1 and 2 after correction, the adjustment dials (11) and (12) are of different sizes, and the overall exposure state stacked. The lower contraction adjustment dial (12) at the lower stage is on the boss of the base plate (not shown), and the lower adjustment dial (11) at the upper stage is the boss of the contraction adjustment dial (12). Each is pressed from the radial direction via a retaining bolt and a ball (not shown).

つまり、調整ダイヤル(11)(12)の全体とその抜け止めボルトの頭部は露出状態に放置されているため、外観体裁が悪く、異物の付着による故障やガタツキなどを生じやすいほか、その抜け止めボルトとボールによる押し付け力を均一に保つことも困難である。   That is, since the entire adjustment dials (11) and (12) and the heads of the retaining bolts are left exposed, the appearance is poor, and it is liable to cause failure or rattling due to adhesion of foreign matter. It is also difficult to keep the pressing force by the set bolt and the ball uniform.

又、上記抜け止めボルトとボールとの相互間に、背圧付勢用コイルバネが介挿されていると仮定しても、そのボールの落ち込む多数の選択凹溝は、上記台板のボス部と縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)のボス部に刻設されておらず、その結果減衰力調整段階の確実な節度感や調整状態の位置決め保持効果を得られないのである。   Even if it is assumed that a coil spring for back pressure urging is inserted between the retaining bolt and the ball, a number of the selected concave grooves into which the ball falls are formed on the boss portion of the base plate. It is not engraved on the boss portion of the contraction side adjustment dial (12), and as a result, it is impossible to obtain a certain degree of moderation at the damping force adjustment stage and the positioning and holding effect in the adjusted state.

念のために言えば、後者の特開2004−332792号発明では図2、3から示唆されるように、下段の大きな縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)を台板(図示符号なし)のボス部へ、又上段の小さな伸び側調整ダイヤル(11)をその縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)のボス部へ、やはり径方向から各々押し付ける抜け止めボルト(図示符号なし)のほかに、伸び側調整ダイヤル(11)を縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)の上面ヘ押し付けるボールとその背圧付勢用コイルバネとから成るクリック機構(図示符号なし)や、縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)を上記台板の上面へ押し付けるボールとその背圧付勢用コイルバネとから成るクリック機構(図示符号なし)が埋設されてもいる。   As a reminder, in the latter Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-332792, as suggested from FIGS. 2 and 3, the lower large shrinkage adjustment dial (12) is placed on the boss portion of the base plate (not shown). In addition to the retaining bolts (not shown) that press the small extension side adjustment dial (11) at the upper stage against the boss of the contraction side adjustment dial (12) from the radial direction, the extension side adjustment dial (11 ) Is pressed against the upper surface of the contraction adjustment dial (12) and the back pressure biasing coil spring (not shown), or the compression mechanism adjustment dial (12) is pressed against the upper surface of the base plate. And a click mechanism (not shown) composed of the back pressure biasing coil spring is embedded.

しかし、このような特開2004−332792号発明の構成でも、その図2、3を見る限り、上記ボールの落ち込む多数の選択凹溝はその縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)の上面と台板の上面に刻設されておらず、それにもまして伸び側調整ダイヤル(11)と縮み側調整ダイヤル(12)とが互いに異なる大きさとして、積み重ねられた全体的な露出状態にあることに変りはなく、前者の特開2004−270715号発明と同じ上記問題がある。   However, even in the configuration of the invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-332792, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the numerous selection concave grooves into which the ball falls are the upper surface of the contraction side adjustment dial (12) and the upper surface of the base plate The extension side adjustment dial (11) and the contraction side adjustment dial (12) are different in size from each other, and the entire exposure state is not changed. There is the same problem as the former Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-270715.

本発明はこのような諸問題の改良を目的としており、その目的を達成するために、請求項1ではシリンダーの内部をオイル室とリザーバー室との上下一対に区分するフリーピストンと、   The present invention aims to improve such problems, and in order to achieve the object, in claim 1, a free piston that divides the inside of a cylinder into an upper and lower pair of an oil chamber and a reservoir chamber;

そのシリンダーのオイル室内へ進退作動自在に差し込まれたピストンロッドと、   A piston rod inserted into the oil chamber of the cylinder so as to freely advance and retract,

そのピストンロッドの差し込み先端部へ取り付け一体化されることにより、上記オイル室を上側オイル室と下側オイル室に細分するピストンと、   A piston that subdivides the oil chamber into an upper oil chamber and a lower oil chamber by being integrated with the piston rod insertion tip; and

そのピストンの一定なP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter) 上へ開口分布されることにより、上記上側オイル室と下側オイル室とを連通する複数の第1ポートと、 A plurality of first ports communicating with the upper oil chamber and the lower oil chamber by being distributed over an opening on a constant PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) of the piston,

上記ピストンを上下方向から挟む弾圧付勢状態として、その第1ポートを悉く開閉する縮み側ディスクバルブ並びに伸び側ディスクバルブとを備えたショックアブソーバーにおいて、   In a shock absorber equipped with a compression-side disk valve that opens and closes the first port and an extension-side disk valve as a resiliently biased state sandwiching the piston from above and below,

上記ピストンを縮み側ピストンと伸び側ピストンとの上下一対として2分割することにより、その向かい合う相互間に上記第1ポートと連通する一定な開口幅の中間流路を画定し、   By dividing the piston into two upper and lower pairs of a contraction side piston and an extension side piston, an intermediate flow path having a constant opening width communicating with the first port is defined between the opposing pistons.

両ピストンにおける上記第1ポートのP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter) よりも小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter) 上へ、その第1ポートと連通しつつも、上記ディスクバルブによって開閉されない複数の第2ポートを、上記シリンダーの上側オイル室と下側オイル室へ常時開口する分布状態に形成すると共に、 A plurality of second ports that are communicated with the first port but not opened or closed by the disk valve are placed on a PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) smaller than the PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) of the first port in both pistons . It is formed in a distributed state that always opens to the upper oil chamber and the lower oil chamber of the cylinder,

一方向への順次段階的に変化する開口面積を有し且つ上記第2ポートとだけ択一的に合致連通し得る複数のオリフィスが開口分布された互いに同じ円板状のシムから成る縮み側チェックバルブと伸び側チェックバルブとの上下一対を、上記中間流路の向かい合う内壁面へ弾圧付勢状態に介挿設置し、 Constriction side check comprising a plurality of orifices having the same disk-like shim with a plurality of orifices having an opening area gradually changing in one direction and being able to selectively communicate with only the second port. The upper and lower pair of the valve and the extension side check valve are inserted and installed in an elastically biased state on the inner wall surface facing the intermediate flow path,

上記ピストンロッドの軸線上に沿って差し込み貫通させた縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸と伸び側減衰力調整芯軸により、その対応的な縮み側チェックバルブと伸び側チェックバルブを各別に回動操作して、そのオリフィスを上記第2ポートと択一的に合致連通させることにより、縮み行程時と伸び行程時との減衰力を強弱調整できるように定めたことを特徴とする。   The corresponding compression side check valve and extension side check valve are individually rotated by the compression side damping force adjusting sheath shaft and the extension side damping force adjusting core shaft inserted and penetrated along the axis of the piston rod. Thus, the orifice is selectively connected to the second port so that the damping force during the contraction stroke and the extension stroke can be adjusted.

又、上記請求項1に従属する請求項2では縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸がピストンロッドの下端部から長く張り出す下端部だけを、角軸部又は楕円軸部として造形し、   Further, in claim 2 dependent on claim 1, only the lower end portion where the contraction side damping force adjustment sheath shaft extends long from the lower end portion of the piston rod is shaped as an angular shaft portion or an elliptic shaft portion,

その角軸部又は楕円軸部へ縮み側チェックバルブの対応的な取付穴を、一体回動し得るように嵌合させる一方、   While fitting the corresponding mounting hole of the contraction side check valve to the angular shaft part or the elliptical shaft part so that it can rotate integrally,

上記鞘軸の下端部から更に長く張り出す伸び側減衰力調整芯軸の下端部だけを、やはり角軸部又は楕円軸部として造形し、   Only the lower end portion of the extension side damping force adjusting core shaft that extends further from the lower end portion of the sheath shaft is also shaped as an angular shaft portion or an elliptic shaft portion,

その角軸部又は楕円軸部へ対応する中空な角軸形態又は楕円軸形態のジョイントピースを差し込み套嵌させると共に、   A hollow angular axis shape or elliptical axis shape joint piece corresponding to the angular axis portion or the elliptical axis portion is inserted and fitted,

そのジョイントピースへ伸び側チェックバルブの対応的な取付穴を、一体回動し得るように嵌合させたことを特徴とする。   A fitting hole corresponding to the extension side check valve is fitted to the joint piece so as to be integrally rotatable.

同じく上記請求項1に従属する請求項3では、縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸がピストンロッドの上端部から長く張り出す上端部へ、縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤルを一体回動し得るように差し込み套嵌させる一方、   Similarly, in claim 3 dependent on claim 1, the compression side damping force adjustment dial is inserted into the upper end portion where the compression side damping force adjustment sheath shaft extends from the upper end portion of the piston rod so as to be integrally rotatable. While fitting

上記鞘軸の上端部から更に長く張り出す伸び側減衰力調整芯軸の上端部へ、伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤルをやはり一体回動し得るように差し込み套嵌させると共に、   The extension-side damping force adjustment dial is inserted into the upper end portion of the extension-side damping force adjustment core shaft that extends further from the upper end portion of the sheath shaft so that the extension-side damping force adjustment dial can also rotate integrally, and is fitted and fitted.

上記ピストンロッドの上端部に螺合締結された車体側への連結スリーブから盛り上がる厚肉なハンプに、両調整ダイヤルをまとめて収納できる断面ほぼC字形の収納凹窩を切り欠いたことを特徴とする。   A thick hump that rises from a connecting sleeve to the vehicle body side that is screwed and fastened to the upper end of the piston rod is characterized by a cutout recess that has a substantially C-shaped cross section that can accommodate both adjustment dials together. To do.

上記請求項3に従属する請求項4では、縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤルと伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤルとを互いにほぼ同じ構成として、その円周面へ縮み側チェックバルブ並びに伸び側チェックバルブのオリフィスと各々対応する複数の選択穴を放射対称型に開口分布させると共に、   In claim 4, which is dependent on claim 3, the contraction-side damping force adjustment dial and the expansion-side damping force adjustment dial have substantially the same configuration, and the contraction-side check valve and the orifice of the extension-side check valve are arranged on the circumferential surface thereof. A plurality of selection holes each corresponding to a radially symmetric aperture distribution,

上記選択穴へ落ち込み係止し得るボールと、そのボールの背圧付勢用コイルバネとから成るクリック機構の1組を、減衰力調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩の底壁面へ埋設したことを特徴とする。   One set of a click mechanism comprising a ball that can be lowered into the selection hole and can be locked and a coil spring for back pressure urging of the ball is embedded in the bottom wall surface of the storage recess for the damping force adjustment dial. .

上記請求項1に従属する請求項5では、縮み側チェックバルブ並びに伸び側チェックバルブのオリフィスと択一的に合致連通し得る第2ポートを、両ピストンへ上下対称な断面ほぼL字形に穿孔して、その両ピストンの円錐外周面からシリンダーの上側オイル室と下側オイル室へ常時開口させると共に、   In claim 5, which is dependent on claim 1, the second port which can selectively communicate with the orifice of the contraction side check valve and the extension side check valve is bored in a substantially L-shaped cross section symmetrical to the upper and lower sides of both pistons. In addition, the pistons are always opened from the outer circumferential surfaces of the pistons to the upper oil chamber and the lower oil chamber of the cylinder,

その両ピストンの小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter) 上に開口分布する複数の上記第2ポートと、同じく両ピストンの大きなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter) 上に開口分布する複数の第1ポートとを、交互の千鳥配列状態に位相変化させたことを特徴とする。 A plurality of the above-mentioned second ports distributed on the small PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) of both pistons and a plurality of the first ports distributed on the large PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) of both pistons alternately. The phase is changed to a staggered arrangement state.

上記請求項1に従属する請求項6では、中間流路を画定するために組立一体化された両ピストンの向かい合う内壁面を、縮み側チェックバルブ並びに伸び側チェックバルブの広大な受圧面としてフラット化すると共に、   In claim 6 dependent on claim 1, the opposing inner wall surfaces of the pistons assembled and integrated to define the intermediate flow path are flattened as the large pressure receiving surfaces of the contraction side check valve and the extension side check valve. As well as

両チェックバルブをその向かい合う相互間へ介挿設置したチェックバネにより、上記チェックバルブ用受圧面へ一挙同時に押圧付勢したことを特徴とする。   It is characterized in that both check valves are pressed and urged simultaneously to the pressure receiving surface for the check valve by a check spring interposed between the check valves.

更に、上記請求項1に従属する請求項7では減衰力の最も弱い調整状態と最も強い調整状態とを各々位置決めする一対のストッパー凸片を、両チェックバルブの円周面から連続一体に張り出す一方、   Further, in claim 7 dependent on claim 1, a pair of stopper convex pieces for positioning the adjustment state with the weakest damping force and the strongest adjustment state are continuously extended from the circumferential surfaces of both check valves. on the other hand,

中間流路を画定する両ピストンの向かい合う内壁面から、上記位置決めストッパー凸片の受け止め用キーピンを各々対応的に突設したことを特徴とする。   A key pin for receiving the positioning stopper convex piece is provided correspondingly from the inner wall surface of both pistons defining the intermediate flow path.

請求項1の上記構成によれば、ピストンが縮み側ピストンと伸び側ピストンとの上下一対から成り、その向かい合う相互間が一定な開口幅を保つオイルの中間流路として画定されていると共に、開口面積の順次段階的に大小変化する複数のオリフィスを備えた縮み側チェックバルブと伸び側チェックバルブとの上下一対が、その両ピストンの中間流路に介挿設置されている。   According to the above configuration of the first aspect, the piston is composed of a pair of upper and lower sides of the contraction-side piston and the extension-side piston, and is defined as an intermediate flow path for oil that maintains a constant opening width between the opposed pistons. An upper and lower pair of a contraction side check valve and an extension side check valve having a plurality of orifices whose areas change in size in stages are interposed in an intermediate flow path between the pistons.

そして、縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸と伸び側減衰力調整芯軸との2本が、中空ピストンロッドの軸線上に沿って差し込み貫通されており、その鞘軸によって対応的な縮み側チェックバルブを回動操作する一方、芯軸によって対応的な伸び側チェックバルブを回動操作し、その各チェックバルブのオリフィスを上記両ピストンの第2ポートと択一的に合致連通させて、ショックアブソーバーにおける縮み行程時と伸び行程との減衰力を強弱調整するようになっている。   And two of the compression side damping force adjustment sheath shaft and the extension side damping force adjustment core shaft are inserted and penetrated along the axis of the hollow piston rod, and a corresponding compression side check valve is provided by the sheath shaft. While rotating, the corresponding extension side check valve is rotated by the core shaft, and the orifice of each check valve is made to selectively communicate with the second port of both pistons so that the shock absorber is contracted. The damping force between the stroke and the extension stroke is adjusted.

そのため、縮み側チェックバルブと伸び側チェックバルブが1枚づつの薄肉な円板状シムから成ることとも相俟って、両ピストンの上記中間流路内へオリフィスの調整機構を集約的・合理的に組み込むことができ、そのオリフィスの調整により低速域での有効な減衰力特性を得られ、自動車などの操縦安定性が著しく向上する。   Therefore, combined with the fact that the check valve on the contraction side and the check valve on the expansion side are composed of one thin disk-shaped shim, the orifice adjustment mechanism is integrated and rational into the intermediate flow path of both pistons. By adjusting the orifice, an effective damping force characteristic in a low speed range can be obtained, and the driving stability of an automobile or the like is remarkably improved.

この点、冒頭に挙げた従来例の特開2004−270715号発明は、本発明のディスクバルブ(リーフバルブ)に相当する弁板のプリセット圧力だけを変化させる減衰力調整式ショックアブソーバーであり、高速域での減衰力を調整できるとしても、本発明の上記オリフィス調整機構を全然具備していないため、低速域での操縦安定性を改良することは不可能である。   In this regard, the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-270715 mentioned above is a damping force adjustment type shock absorber that changes only the preset pressure of the valve plate corresponding to the disc valve (leaf valve) of the present invention. Even if the damping force in the region can be adjusted, it is impossible to improve the steering stability in the low speed region because the orifice adjusting mechanism of the present invention is not provided at all.

特に、請求項2の構成を採用するならば、伸び側減衰力調整芯軸と縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸との長短差を活用して、その上方からの回動操作力を対応的な伸び側チェックバルブと縮み側チェックバルブへ各別に支障なく伝えることができ、しかもそのための必要な伝導機構を中空ピストンロッドとキャップボルトとの上下相互間へ、小型コンパクトに効率良く組み込める効果がある。   In particular, if the configuration of claim 2 is adopted, the rotational operation force from above can be extended correspondingly by utilizing the difference in length between the expansion side damping force adjustment core shaft and the contraction side damping force adjustment sheath shaft. The side check valve and the contraction side check valve can be transmitted to each other without any trouble, and the necessary conduction mechanism for that purpose can be efficiently incorporated into the space between the upper and lower sides of the hollow piston rod and the cap bolt.

又、請求項3の構成を採用するならば、やはり伸び側減衰力調整芯軸と縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸との長短差を利用して、その上端部へ対応的な伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤルと縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤルとを、その上下一対の並列状態に各々差し込み套嵌させることができ、しかも連結スリーブ(アッパージョイント)の厚肉なハンプに切り欠かれた調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩へ、まとめて収納・保護し得るのであり、その結果異物の付着による故障やガタツキを生じるおそれがなく、外観体裁も良好となる。   Further, if the configuration of claim 3 is adopted, the extension side damping force adjustment corresponding to the upper end of the extension side damping force adjustment core shaft and the contraction side damping force adjustment sheath shaft can be made using the difference in length. The dial and the compression adjustment knob on the contraction side can be inserted and fitted into a pair of upper and lower sides of the dial, and the adjustment recess for the adjustment dial cut out in the thick hump of the connecting sleeve (upper joint) Therefore, it can be stored and protected together, and as a result, there is no risk of failure or rattling due to the adhesion of foreign matter, and the appearance is improved.

その場合、請求項4の構成を採用するならば、上記減衰力調整ダイヤルの上下一対が互いにほぼ同じ構成を具備しており、その円周面に放射対称分布型として開口分布された複数の選択穴を、これに対する回動操作工具の差し込み使用と、クリック機構のボールが自づと落ち込み係止する作用とに兼用できるため、必要な部品点数と加工数が合理的に節減されることとなるほか、減衰力調整段階の確実な節度感やその調整状態の不慮に位置狂いしない保持効果も得られるのである。   In this case, if the configuration of claim 4 is adopted, the upper and lower pairs of the damping force adjustment dials have substantially the same configuration, and a plurality of selections are distributed in the circumferential surface as a radially symmetric distribution type. Since the hole can be used for both the insertion and use of the rotation operation tool for this and the action of the ball of the click mechanism falling and locking itself, the number of necessary parts and the number of processing can be reduced reasonably. In addition, a certain degree of moderation at the damping force adjustment stage and a holding effect that prevents the adjustment state from being unintentionally misaligned can be obtained.

更に、請求項5の構成を採用するならば、複数の第1ポートが両ピストンの大きなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter) 上において、ピストンロッドの軸線と平行に貫通形成されているに比し、複数の第2ポートは両ピストンの小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter) 上において、上下対称な断面ほぼL字形に穿孔されており、その第1、2ポートの交互する千鳥配列状態に位相変化されているため、上記第2ポートだけをチェックバルブのオリフィスと確実に合致連通させることができ、そのオリフィスが第1ポートと干渉するおそれはない。 Furthermore, if the structure of Claim 5 is employ | adopted, compared with the 1st port of several piston being penetrated and formed in parallel with the axis line of the piston rod on the large PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) of both pistons, The second port is perforated in a substantially L-shaped cross section on the small PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) of both pistons, and is phase-shifted to alternate staggered arrangement of the first and second ports. Only the second port can be reliably brought into communication with the orifice of the check valve, and there is no possibility that the orifice will interfere with the first port.

請求項6の構成を採用するならば、両チェックバルブが1枚づつの薄肉な円板状シムから成ることとも相俟って、これらを両ピストンの広大なチェックバルブ用受圧面へ安定良く弾圧付勢させることができ、逆方向へ流れるオイルの確実な逆止作用を営なませることも可能となる。   If the structure of Claim 6 is employ | adopted, combined with the fact that both check valves are composed of thin disk-shaped shims one by one, these are stably elastically pressed onto the vast pressure receiving surface for the check valve of both pistons. It can be energized, and it is also possible to perform a reliable check action of oil flowing in the reverse direction.

請求項7の構成を採用するならば、チェックバルブの円周面から連続一体に張り出す一対の位置決めストッパー凸片が、ピストンの対応的なキーピンにより受け止められる位置を基準又は原点として、縮み行程時と伸び行程時との何れにあっても、その減衰力の最も弱い調整状態と最も強い調整状態とを明確に知得できる効果があり、利便性の向上に役立つ。   If the configuration of claim 7 is adopted, the pair of positioning stopper convex pieces continuously projecting from the circumferential surface of the check valve is at the contraction stroke with the position received by the corresponding key pin of the piston as the reference or origin. And during the extension stroke, there is an effect that it is possible to clearly know the adjustment state with the weakest damping force and the strongest adjustment state, which helps to improve convenience.

以下、図面に基いて本発明の具体的構成を詳述すると、図1、2はその自動車のサスペンションに適用した単筒型ショックアブソーバーの全体を示しており、(1)は作動オイルを収容した有底のシリンダー、(2)はそのシリンダー(1)の開口上端部へ密封状態に嵌め込み固定されたロッドガイドケースであって、その外周面から連続一体に張り出すバネ受けシートフランジ(3)を備えていると共に、その内壁面のフラットなロッド受け座(4)により、ピストンロッド(5)の外周面から一体的に張り出すストッパーフランジ(6)を受け止めることになる。   Hereinafter, the specific configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show an entire single-cylinder shock absorber applied to the suspension of the automobile, and (1) contains working oil. A cylinder with a bottom, (2) is a rod guide case that is fitted and fixed in a sealed state to the upper end of the opening of the cylinder (1), and has a spring receiving seat flange (3) that projects continuously and integrally from its outer peripheral surface. The stopper flange (6) protruding integrally from the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod (5) is received by the flat rod receiving seat (4) on the inner wall surface.

(7)は上記シリンダー(1)の内部を摺動するフリーピストンであり、これによってシリンダー(1)の内部が上側の作動オイルを収容したオイル室(8)と、下側の高圧ガスを収容したリザーバー室(9)との一対に仕切り区分されている。(10)はそのオイル室(8)のプラグであり、上記ロッドガイドケース(2)に螺入されている。(11)はリザーバー室(9)のプラグであり、上記シリンダー(1)の下端部に螺入されている。(12)はそのシリンダー(1)の下端部から連続一体に張り出し延長された車軸側への平板状取付ステーであり、球形のベアリング(13)を有している。   (7) is a free piston that slides inside the cylinder (1), whereby the cylinder (1) contains an oil chamber (8) containing the upper working oil and the lower high-pressure gas. The reservoir chamber (9) is partitioned into a pair. (10) is a plug of the oil chamber (8), and is screwed into the rod guide case (2). (11) is a plug for the reservoir chamber (9), which is screwed into the lower end of the cylinder (1). (12) is a flat plate mounting stay extending continuously and integrally extending from the lower end of the cylinder (1) to the axle side, and has a spherical bearing (13).

又、上記ピストンロッド(5)はそのロッドガイドケース(2)を貫通して、上方からシリンダー(1)のオイル室(8)内へ進退(昇降)作動自在に差し込まれている。(14)はそのピストンロッド(5)とロッドガイドケース(2)との嵌合面に介挿されたオイルシール、(15)は同じくブッシュである。   The piston rod (5) passes through the rod guide case (2) and is inserted into the oil chamber (8) of the cylinder (1) from above so as to be able to advance and retreat (elevate). (14) is an oil seal interposed between the piston rod (5) and the rod guide case (2), and (15) is a bush.

そして、上記シリンダー(1)から張り出すピストンロッド(5)の上端ネジ軸部(5a)には、連結スリーブ(アッパージョイント)(16)が螺合締結されている。(17)はその連結スリーブ(16)のロックナット、(18)は同じく連結スリーブ(16)の外周面に螺合締結されたバネ受けシートリングであって、これと上記ロッドガイドケース(2)のバネ受けシートフランジ(3)との向かい合う上下相互間には、ショック吸収用の懸架バネ(19)が介挿設置されている。(20)はそのバネ受けシートリング(18)のロックナットである。   A connecting sleeve (upper joint) (16) is screwed and fastened to the upper end screw shaft (5a) of the piston rod (5) protruding from the cylinder (1). (17) is a lock nut of the connecting sleeve (16), and (18) is a spring receiving sheet ring that is screwed and fastened to the outer peripheral surface of the connecting sleeve (16), and the rod guide case (2). A shock absorbing suspension spring (19) is interposed between the upper and lower surfaces facing the spring receiving seat flange (3). (20) is a lock nut of the spring bearing seat ring (18).

その場合、上記連結スリーブ(16)の上端部からは球形のベアリング(21)を有する車体側への平板状取付ステー(22)が、やはり連続一体に張り出し延長されているけれども、特にその取付ステー(22)の張り出し根元部は一定長さ(L)分に限り、図2のような半円形よりも大きく片方だけに盛り上がる断面ほぼC字形の厚肉なハンプ(23)として造形されている。   In this case, a flat plate mounting stay (22) extending from the upper end of the connecting sleeve (16) to the vehicle body side having a spherical bearing (21) is also continuously extended and extended. The projecting root portion of (22) is shaped as a thick hump (23) having a substantially C-shaped cross section that is larger than the semicircular shape as shown in FIG.

更に、その連結スリーブ(16)の厚肉なハンプ(23)には減衰力調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩(G)が、上記取付ステー(22)の扁平面を指向する開口状態の1個だけ切り欠かれており、その収納凹窩(G)の内部へ追って詳述する伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)と縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)との上下一対を、一括して脱落不能に収納・保護できるようになっている。   Further, the thickening hump (23) of the connection sleeve (16) has a storage recess (G) for the damping force adjustment dial cut out by one in an open state directed to the flat surface of the mounting stay (22). The upper and lower pairs of the extension side damping force adjustment dial (24R) and the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24B), which will be described in detail later on inside the housing recess (G), are made impossible to be removed collectively. It can be stored and protected.

しかも、その収納凹窩(G)は上記連結スリーブ(16)のハンプ(23)と相似な断面ほぼC字形として、その連結スリーブ(16)の内腔と連続する円弧状の内壁面を備えており、そのうちの言わば底壁面から内向きに露出するボール(25R)(25B)と、その背圧付勢用コイルバネ(26R)(26B)との一対づつから成るクリック機構(Cr)(Cb)が、上記連結スリーブ(16)の厚肉なハンプ(23)に埋設されている。   Moreover, the storage recess (G) has a substantially C-shaped cross section similar to the hump (23) of the connecting sleeve (16), and has an arcuate inner wall surface continuous with the inner cavity of the connecting sleeve (16). A click mechanism (Cr) (Cb) consisting of a pair of a ball (25R) (25B) exposed inward from the bottom wall surface and a back-pressure biasing coil spring (26R) (26B) is provided. The connecting sleeve (16) is embedded in a thick hump (23).

茲に、1組のクリック機構(Cr)(Cb)は伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)並びに縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)と対応位置しており、その調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)の円周面へ上記ボール(25R)(25B)が各々弾圧することになる。(27)は上記減衰力調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩(G)の窓口であり、図例の場合円形を呈しているが、ここから回動操作工具(T)を抜き差しできるならば、楕円形や角形などに開口形成しても良い。   A pair of click mechanisms (Cr) (Cb) is positioned corresponding to the extension side damping force adjustment dial (24R) and the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24B), and the adjustment dials (24R) (24B). The balls (25R) and (25B) are respectively repressed on the circumferential surface. (27) is a window for the above-described damping force adjusting dial storage recess (G). In the example shown in the figure, it is circular. An opening may be formed in a square or the like.

上記ピストンロッド(5)は中空であって、その軸線上にはこれよりも長い縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)と、その鞘軸(28)よりも更に長い伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)との2本が差し込み貫通されており、これらの上端部は何れも上記減衰力調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩(G)の内部まで到達している。   The piston rod (5) is hollow, and on its axis, the contraction side damping force adjustment sheath shaft (28) longer than this, and the extension side damping force adjustment core shaft longer than the sheath shaft (28). (29) are inserted and penetrated, and both of these upper end portions reach the inside of the damping force adjusting dial housing recess (G).

そして、このような鞘軸(28)の上端部には縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)と、その鞘軸(28)よりも長く延在する上記芯軸(29)の上端部には伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)とが、各々差し込み套嵌された上、角穴付きの埋め込みボルト(30B)(30R)によって押さえ付け固定されており、その上下一対の並列状態にある。両減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)がまとめて上記連結スリーブ(16)の収納凹窩(G)に収納されることは、既述のとおりであり、その円周面だけが図3のように収納凹窩(G)の窓口(27)から露呈している。   And, on the upper end portion of the sheath shaft (28), the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24B) is extended, and the upper end portion of the core shaft (29) extending longer than the sheath shaft (28) is extended. The side damping force adjustment dial (24R) is inserted and fitted, and is pressed and fixed by embedded bolts (30B) and (30R) with square holes, and a pair of upper and lower sides thereof are in a parallel state. Both the damping force adjustment dials (24R) and (24B) are housed together in the housing recess (G) of the connecting sleeve (16) as described above, and only the circumferential surface thereof is shown in FIG. It is exposed from the window (27) of the storage recess (G).

その場合、両調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)は互いにほぼ同じ構成として、これらには一定の等しい回動位相角度(θ)を保って放射対称分布型に開口する複数(図例では約45度づつの合計8個)の選択穴(31R−1)(31R−2)(31R−3)(31R−4)(31R−5)(31R−6)(31R−7)(31R−8)(31B−1)(31B−2)(31B−3)(31B−4)(31B−5)(31B−6)(31B−7)(31B−8)が穿設されている。   In this case, the two adjustment dials (24R) and (24B) have substantially the same configuration, and a plurality of openings (in the example shown in FIG. 8 selection holes in total (31R-1) (31R-2) (31R-3) (31R-4) (31R-5) (31R-6) (31R-7) (31R-8) ( 31B-1) (31B-2) (31B-3) (31B-4) (31B-5) (31B-6) (31B-7) (31B-8) are perforated.

但し、その任意な1個の選択穴(31R−1)(31B−1)だけは、上記埋め込みボルト(30R)(30B)のネジ穴として活用されている。その埋め込みボルト(30R)(30B)は上記調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)の円周面から沈没させておくことにより、ここにも上記ボール(25R)(25B)の落ち込みを可能とすることが好ましい。その埋め込みボルト(30R)(30B)のネジ穴(31R−1)(31B−1)を回動終点に配置するならば、回動操作工具の差し込み防止や過回動に起因する損傷防止などに役立つ。   However, only one arbitrary selection hole (31R-1) (31B-1) is utilized as a screw hole of the embedded bolt (30R) (30B). The embedded bolts (30R) and (30B) are allowed to sink from the circumferential surface of the adjustment dials (24R) and (24B), so that the balls (25R) and (25B) can also be dropped here. preferable. If the screw holes (31R-1) (31B-1) of the embedded bolts (30R) (30B) are arranged at the end of rotation, the rotation operation tool can be prevented from being inserted or damaged due to excessive rotation. Useful.

又、上記調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)の表面に異なる着色カラー(例えば縮み側を青色、伸び側を赤色)を施すことによって、その回動操作時における伸び側と縮み側との識別を行なえるように定めたり、調整段階の表示となる数字を刻印したりすることが望ましい。   Further, by applying different colored colors (for example, blue on the contraction side and red on the expansion side) on the surface of the adjustment dial (24R) (24B), it is possible to distinguish between the expansion side and the contraction side during the rotation operation. It is desirable to set the number so that it is determined so that the adjustment stage is displayed.

つまり、図4〜7に示す如く、上記減衰力調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩(G)の窓口(27)から伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)並びに縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)の選択穴(31R−1)〜(31R−8)(31B−1)〜(31B−8)へ、手動ドライバーやその他の適当な回動操作工具(T)を抜き差し自在に差し込み係止させることによって、その調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)を各々回動操作できるようになっており、しかも調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)の選択穴(31R−1)〜(31R−8)(31B−1)〜(31B−8)に対しては上記収納凹窩(G)の底壁面から、クリック機構(Cr)(Cb)のボール(25R)(25B)が各々落ち込み係止して、その調整ダイヤル(24R)(24B)による減衰力調整段階の節度感や調整状態の位置決め保持効果を得られるようになっているのである。   That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, selection holes for the extension side damping force adjustment dial (24 R) and the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24 B) from the window (27) of the damping recess for the damping force adjustment dial (G). (31R-1) to (31R-8) (31B-1) to (31B-8), by inserting and locking a manual screwdriver or other appropriate turning operation tool (T) in a freely detachable manner, The adjustment dials (24R) and (24B) can be rotated, and the adjustment holes (31R-1) to (31R-8) (31B-1) to (31B-1) to (31B-1) to (31B-1) ( 31B-8), the balls (25R) and (25B) of the click mechanisms (Cr) and (Cb) are depressed and locked from the bottom wall surface of the storage recess (G), and the adjustment dial (24R) (24B) That it has become possible to obtain a positioning and holding effect of the click feeling and adjustment state of the damping force adjusting stage.

この点、図例では上記選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)の複数を調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)の直径線上に沿って放射状に貫通形成しているが、これらに回動操作工具(T)を差し込み係止させることができ、その差し込み方向との言わば逆方向からクリック機構(Cb)(Cr)のボール(25B)(25R)が落ち込むならば、上記選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)を調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)の円周面から、一定深さだけ陥没する凹溝として開口分布させることにより、その調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)を所謂歯車形態や丸鋸形態などに作成してもさしつかえない。   In this regard, in the illustrated example, a plurality of the selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8) are radially formed along the diameter line of the adjustment dial (24B) (24R). Although it is formed through, the rotation operation tool (T) can be inserted and locked in these, and the ball (25B) (25R) of the click mechanism (Cb) (Cr) from the opposite direction to the insertion direction. If the drop occurs, the selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8) are depressed from the circumferential surface of the adjustment dial (24B) (24R) by a certain depth. The adjustment dials (24B) and (24R) may be formed in a so-called gear shape or circular saw shape by distributing the openings as concave grooves.

他方、上記ピストンロッド(5)の差し込み先端部をなす若干細い下端ネジ軸部(5b)には、ピストン(32)が取り付け一体化されており、そのピストン(32)を介して上記シリンダー(1)のオイル室(8)が、上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)との一対に細分されている。しかも、そのピストンロッド(5)の下端ネジ軸部(5b)から若干長く張り出す上記縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)の下端部だけは、扁平面を備えた角軸部又は楕円軸部(28a)として異形化されている。   On the other hand, a piston (32) is attached to and integrated with a slightly thin lower end screw shaft portion (5b) that forms the insertion tip of the piston rod (5), and the cylinder (1) is integrated through the piston (32). ) Oil chamber (8) is subdivided into a pair of an upper oil chamber (8B) and a lower oil chamber (8R). In addition, only the lower end portion of the compression side damping force adjusting sheath shaft (28) protruding slightly longer from the lower end screw shaft portion (5b) of the piston rod (5) is an angular shaft portion or an elliptic shaft portion having a flat surface. (28a).

又、このような鞘軸(28)の下端部よりも更に長く張り出す上記伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)の下端部だけは、やはり扁平面を有する角軸部又は楕円軸部(29a)として異形化されていると共に、ここには対応的な中空の角軸形態又は楕円軸形態をなすジョイントピース(33)が、その芯軸(29)と一体回動し得るように差し込み套嵌されている。   Further, only the lower end portion of the extension side damping force adjusting core shaft (29) that extends longer than the lower end portion of the sheath shaft (28) is a rectangular shaft portion or an elliptic shaft portion (29a) that also has a flat surface. The joint piece (33) in the form of a corresponding hollow angular shaft or elliptical shaft is inserted and fitted so that it can rotate integrally with its core shaft (29). Has been.

更に、(34)はそのジョイントピース(33)へ下方から差し込み套嵌されたキャップボルトであって、上記ピストンロッド(5)の下端ネジ軸部(5b)と対応するほぼ同じ太さの上端ネジ軸部(34a)を備えている。(35)はそのキャップボルト(34)の上端ネジ軸部(34a)に封入設置された圧縮コイルバネ、(36)は上記鞘軸(28)とジョイントピース(33)との境界位置に嵌め付けられた止め輪、(37)は上記鞘軸(28)の角軸部又は楕円軸部(28a)と、その残る丸軸部との境界位置に嵌め付けられた止め輪である。   Further, (34) is a cap bolt inserted and fitted into the joint piece (33) from below, and an upper end screw having substantially the same thickness as the lower end screw shaft (5b) of the piston rod (5). A shaft portion (34a) is provided. (35) is a compression coil spring enclosed and installed in the upper end screw shaft (34a) of the cap bolt (34), and (36) is fitted to the boundary position between the sheath shaft (28) and the joint piece (33). A retaining ring (37) is a retaining ring fitted at a boundary position between the angular or elliptical shaft portion (28a) of the sheath shaft (28) and the remaining round shaft portion.

先に一言したピストン(32)は図8〜11に拡大して示す如く、縮み側ピストン(32B)と伸び側ピストン(32R)との上下一対として2分割されており、その縮み側ピストン(32B)が上記ピストンロッド(5)の下端ネジ軸部(5b)へ、又伸び側ピストン(32R)が上記キャップボルト(34)の対応的な上端ネジ軸部(34a)へ、各々螺合締結されていると共に、その両ピストン(32B)(32R)は互いに雌雄の螺合締結状態として組立一体化されることにより、その向かい合う上下相互間に一定な開口幅(W)の中間流路(38)を画定している。   The piston (32) mentioned above is divided into two as an upper and lower pair of a contraction side piston (32B) and an extension side piston (32R) as shown in FIGS. 32B) is screwed to the lower end screw shaft portion (5b) of the piston rod (5), and the extension side piston (32R) is screwed to the corresponding upper end screw shaft portion (34a) of the cap bolt (34). The pistons (32B) and (32R) are assembled and integrated in a male and female threaded fastening state, whereby an intermediate flow path (38) having a constant opening width (W) between the upper and lower sides facing each other. ) Is defined.

しかも、その中間流路(38)を画定する両ピストン(32B)(32R)の内壁面は、広大な面積の縮み側チェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)並びに伸び側チェックバルブ用受圧面(39R)として機能し得るようにフラット化されてもいる。   In addition, the inner wall surfaces of the pistons (32B) (32R) that define the intermediate flow path (38) are a large-area compression side check valve pressure receiving surface (39B) and an expansion side check valve pressure receiving surface (39R). It is also flattened so that it can function as.

又、上記縮み側ピストン(32B)と伸び側ピストン(32R)との大きなP.C.D(Pitch Circle Diameter)(P1)上には、互いに連通する複数(図例では合計8個)の第1ポート(40B)(40R)がピストンロッド(5)の軸線と平行に各々貫通形成されている一方、これよりも比較的小さなP.C.D(Pitch Circle Diameter)(P2)上には、やはり互いに連通する複数(図例では合計8個)の第2ポート(41B)(41R)が各々穿孔されており、その第1、2ポート(40B)(40R)(41B)(41R)は何れも上記オイルの中間流路(38)と常時連通する状態にある。   Further, on the large PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) (P1) of the compression side piston (32B) and the expansion side piston (32R), a plurality of first ports (40B in total in the illustrated example) communicated with each other. ) (40R) are formed so as to penetrate each other in parallel with the axis of the piston rod (5), but on a relatively smaller PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) (P2), a plurality of (Fig. In this case, a total of eight second ports (41B) (41R) are perforated, and each of the first and second ports (40B) (40R) (41B) (41R) is an intermediate passage ( 38).

その場合、大きなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P1)上に開口分布する複数の第1ポート(40B)(40R)と、小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P2)上に開口分布する複数の第2ポート(41B)(41R)とは、図11のような交互に位相変化した千鳥配列状態にあり、しかも第2ポート(41B)(41R)は上下対称な断面ほぼL字形に屈曲形成されることによって、その入口部が縮み側ピストン(32B)並びに伸び側ピストン(32R)の円錐外周面から、上記シリンダー(1)の上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)に向かって常時開口している。 In that case, a plurality of first ports (40B) (40R) having an aperture distribution on a large PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P1) and a plurality of second ports having an aperture distribution on a small PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P2). Ports (41B) and (41R) are in a staggered arrangement with alternating phase changes as shown in FIG. 11, and the second ports (41B) and (41R) are bent and formed in a substantially L-shaped cross section. Accordingly, the inlet portion is always opened from the outer circumferential surface of the contraction side piston (32B) and the expansion side piston (32R) toward the upper oil chamber (8B) and the lower oil chamber (8R) of the cylinder (1). is doing.

そして、その第2ポート(41B)(41R)同志の隣り合う2個一対だけが図11のように、上記フラットなチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)から一定深さだけ陥没する擬似眼鏡形の凹溝(42B)(42R)を介して、互いに連通されており、その凹溝(42B)(42R)の1個所を通じて、後述のチェックバルブに開口分布する複数のオリフィスと択一的に合致し得るようになっているのである。   Then, only two pairs adjacent to each other of the second ports (41B) and (41R), as shown in FIG. 11, are artificial glasses that sink from the flat check valve pressure receiving surfaces (39B) and (39R) by a certain depth. Are communicated with each other via a concave groove (42B) (42R) having a shape, and alternatively through a plurality of orifices distributed in the check valve described later through one of the concave grooves (42B) (42R). It can be matched.

他方、上記シリンダー(1)の上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)とを連通している第1ポート(40B)(40R)の出口部は、縮み側ピストン(32B)並びに伸び側ピストン(32R)と各々対応位置する縮み側ディスクバルブ(43B)並びに伸び側ディスクバルブ(43R)によって、悉く開閉されるようになっている。その両ディスクバルブ(43B)(43R)は互いにほぼ同じ構成として、板バネ材から円錐形に積み重ねられた状態にあり、そのブロー圧力を予じめ設定できるようになっていることは言うまでもない。   On the other hand, the outlet portion of the first port (40B) (40R) communicating the upper oil chamber (8B) and the lower oil chamber (8R) of the cylinder (1) has a contraction side piston (32B) and an extension. The side piston (32R) is opened and closed by a contraction side disk valve (43B) and an extension side disk valve (43R) respectively corresponding to the side piston (32R). Needless to say, the disk valves (43B) and (43R) have substantially the same structure and are stacked in a conical shape from the leaf spring material, and the blow pressure can be set in advance.

その場合、縮み側ディスクバルブ(43B)は上記ピストンロッド(5)の外周面から張り出すストッパーフランジ(6)をリテーナーとして、その撓みが規制されている一方、伸び側ディスクバルブ(43R)は上記キャップボルト(34)の頭部に受け止められたリテーナー(44)により、その撓みがやはり規制されるようになっている。(45)は両ピストン(32B)(32R)の外周面に亘って被着されたピストンリングである。   In that case, the contraction side disc valve (43B) is restricted in its bending by using the stopper flange (6) protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod (5) as a retainer, while the extension side disc valve (43R) The bending of the retainer (44) received on the head of the cap bolt (34) is also restricted. (45) is a piston ring attached over the outer peripheral surfaces of both pistons (32B) and (32R).

尚、図例では上記縮み側ディスクバルブ(43B)の弁座となる縮み側ピストン(32B)の上面と、伸び側ディスクバルブ(43R)の弁座となる伸び側ピストン(32R)の下面とを、何れも全体的な同芯状のリング溝としているが、更に一層のディグレッシブ特性が要求される場合には、段差や傾斜勾配を与えたり、又星形や花弁形、その他の各種凸形状として造形することにより、縮み行程時や伸び行程時における減衰力のプログレッシブ特性を得られるように定めても良い。   In the illustrated example, the upper surface of the contraction side piston (32B) serving as the valve seat of the contraction side disk valve (43B) and the lower surface of the extension side piston (32R) serving as the valve seat of the extension side disk valve (43R) are shown. All of them are concentric ring grooves as a whole, but if even more aggressive characteristics are required, a step or slope gradient is given, or a star shape, petal shape, or other various convex shapes. It may be determined so as to obtain a progressive characteristic of damping force at the time of the contraction stroke or the extension stroke.

(46B)(46R)は上記縮み側ピストン(32B)と伸び側ピストン(32R)とのチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)へ、各々押し当てられる対応的な縮み側チェックバルブと伸び側チェックバルブとの上下一対であって、これらは互いに同じ1枚の薄肉な円板状シムから成り、その中心部に角形又は楕円形の取付穴(47B)(47R)を有するほか、上記縮み側ピストン(32B)並びに伸び側ピストン(32R)の小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P2)上に対応位置しつつ、その第2ポート(41B)(41R)とだけ択一的に合致連通し得る複数(図例では合計8個)のオリフィス(48B−1)(48B−2)(48B−3)(48B−4)(48B−5)(48B−6)(48B−7)(48B−8)(48R−1)(48R−2)(48R−3)(48R−4)(48R−5)(48R−6)(48R−7)(48R−8)も具備している。 (46B) and (46R) are corresponding compression side check valves and expansion sides respectively pressed against the pressure receiving surfaces (39B) and (39R) for the check valves of the compression side piston (32B) and the expansion side piston (32R). A pair of upper and lower check valves, which are made of the same thin disk-shaped shim and have a square or elliptical mounting hole (47B) (47R) in the center thereof, A plurality of pistons (32B) as well as extending side pistons (32R) corresponding to the small PCDs (Pitch Circle Diameters) ( P2) and capable of communicating with the second ports (41B) (41R) only selectively. (A total of 8 in the figure) Orifices (48B-1) (48B-2) (48B-3) (48B-4) (48B-5) (48B-6) (48B-7) (48B-8) (48R- ) (48R-2) (48R-3) (48R-4) (48R-5) (48R-6) (48R-7) (48R-8) is also provided.

しかも、上記ピストン(32B)(32R)の第2ポート(41B)(41R)が悉く同じ開口面積を有するに比して、チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)に点在分布するオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)の開口面積は、図12、13に抽出して示す如く、上記減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)の選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)と同じ回動位相角度(θ)を保つ同じ個数(図例ではやはり約45度づつの合計8個)の順次段階的に大小変化されており、そのチェックバルブ(46B)(46R)のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)が上記第2ポート(41B)(41R)と択一的に合致連通することによって、縮み行程時と伸び行程時との減衰力を各別に独立して強弱調整できるようになっている。但し、上記減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)における固定用埋め込みボルト(30B)(30R)のネジ穴(31B−1)(31R−1)と対応する1個の上記オリフィス(48B−1)(48R−1)だけは、開口面積の零として、その盲状態のオイル遮断壁になっている。   In addition, the second ports (41B) (41R) of the pistons (32B) (32R) have the same opening area, and the orifices (48B-1) scattered in the check valves (46B) (46R) are distributed. ) To (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8), as extracted and shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the selection holes (31B) of the damping force adjustment dials (24B) and (24R) are shown. -1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8) and the same number (same as the figure, a total of 8 pieces of about 45 degrees) that keep the same rotation phase angle (θ). The orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) of the check valves (46B) (46R) are connected to the second port (41B) ( 41R) alternatively in communication Therefore, which is a damping force with time during compression stroke and the extension stroke to be independently strength adjustment to each other. However, one orifice (48B-1) corresponding to the screw hole (31B-1) (31R-1) of the fixing embedded bolt (30B) (30R) in the damping force adjustment dial (24B) (24R). Only (48R-1) is a blind oil blocking wall with an opening area of zero.

そして、縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)の取付穴(47B)が、上記縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)の異形な角軸部又は楕円軸部(28a)に嵌合されており、その鞘軸(28)の上端部から対応的な縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)によって、縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)を回動操作できるようになっている一方、伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)の取付穴(47R)は上記中空の角軸形態又は楕円軸形態をなすジョイントピース(33)に套嵌されており、その伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)の上端部から対応的な伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)によって、伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)を回動操作し得るようになっている。   The mounting hole (47B) of the contraction side check valve (46B) is fitted to the deformed angular shaft portion or elliptic shaft portion (28a) of the contraction side damping force adjusting sheath shaft (28), and the sheath The contraction side check valve (46B) can be rotated by the corresponding contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24B) from the upper end of the shaft (28), while the expansion side check valve (46R) is attached. The hole (47R) is fitted into the joint piece (33) having the hollow angular axis shape or the elliptical axis shape, and a corresponding extension side damping is provided from the upper end portion of the extension side damping force adjusting core shaft (29). The extension side check valve (46R) can be rotated by a force adjustment dial (24R).

(49)は縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)と伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)との向かい合う上下相互間に介在しつつ、上記鞘軸(28)とジョイントピース(33)との境界位置に巻き掛けられたチェックバネ(圧縮コイルバネ)であり、その両チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)を上記ピストン(32B)(32R)の対応的なチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)へ、一挙同時に押圧付勢している。   (49) is wound around the boundary position between the sheath shaft (28) and the joint piece (33) while being interposed between the opposing upper and lower sides of the contraction side check valve (46B) and the extension side check valve (46R). Check springs (compression coil springs), and both the check valves (46B) (46R) are simultaneously pressed against the corresponding pressure receiving surfaces (39B) (39R) for the check valves of the pistons (32B) (32R). It is fast.

又、(50)(51)は上記チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)に複数開口分布するオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)のうち、その開口面積が最も大きな1個のオリフィス(48B−8)(48R−8)を挟む対応位置関係の並列状態として、そのチェックバルブ(46B)(46R)の円周面から連続一体に張り出された一対の位置決めストッパー凸片であり、上記縮み側ピストン(32B)と伸び側ピストン(32R)とのチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)から各々突設されたキーピン(52B)(52R)へ、そのストッパー凸片(50)(51)が択一的に係止することによって、上記減衰力の最も弱い調整状態と、同じく最も強い調整状態を各々位置決めできるようになっている。   Also, (50) and (51) are the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) distributed in a plurality of openings in the check valves (46B) and (46R). As the parallel state of the corresponding positional relationship sandwiching one orifice (48B-8) (48R-8) having the largest opening area, the check valve (46B) (46R) was continuously extended from the circumferential surface of the check valve (46B) (46R). A pair of positioning stopper convex pieces to the key pins (52B) and (52R) respectively protruding from the pressure-receiving surfaces for check valves (39B) and (39R) of the contraction side piston (32B) and the extension side piston (32R). The stopper convex pieces (50) and (51) are selectively locked so that the adjustment state with the weakest damping force and the adjustment state with the strongest damping force can be positioned respectively. To have.

尚、その位置決めストッパー凸片(50)(51)を受け止めるキーピン(52B)(52R)は、上記ピストン(32B)(32R)におけるチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)の凹溝(42B)(42R)と最も近い1箇所づつとして、その大きなP.C.D(P1)上における第1ポート(40B)(40R)同志の隣り合う相互間に打ち込まれている。   The key pins (52B) (52R) for receiving the positioning stopper convex pieces (50) (51) are recessed grooves (42B) of the pressure receiving surfaces (39B) (39R) for the check valves in the pistons (32B) (32R). As one point closest to (42R), the first ports (40B) (40R) are driven between adjacent ones on the large PCD (P1).

次に、上記ショックアブソーバーの作用を説明すると、その縮み行程時にはピストン(32)がシリンダー(1)の内部へ押し込まれるため、その下側オイル室(8R)の圧力が上側オイル室(8B)の圧力よりも高くなり、オイルは図8の矢印(B)で示すように、上側オイル室(8B)に向かって移動する。   Next, the operation of the shock absorber will be described. Since the piston (32) is pushed into the cylinder (1) during the contraction stroke, the pressure in the lower oil chamber (8R) is increased in the upper oil chamber (8B). The pressure becomes higher than the pressure, and the oil moves toward the upper oil chamber (8B) as shown by an arrow (B) in FIG.

その際、オイルの全部は伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)をチェックバネ(49)の付勢力に抗して、伸び側ピストン(32R)の伸び側チェックバルブ用受圧面(39R)から一旦リフト(浮上)させるか、又はそのバルブ自身ベンド(弯曲)させることにより、順方向(B)へ流れ、伸び側ピストン(32R)の第2ポート(41R)から中間流路(38)を経て分岐し、縮み側ピストン(32B)の第1、2ポート(40B)(41B)に到達するが、そのオイルの一部が第2ポート(41B)(41R)を通過中に、縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)の選択されたオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)により絞られて、減衰力を発生することとなり(この時に縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)は逆止作用する)、やがてオイルの圧力が縮み側ディスクバルブ(43B)の設定されたブロー圧力を上廻ると、上記縮み側ピストン(32B)の第1ポート(40B)が開口する。   At that time, all the oil is lifted (lifted) from the pressure check surface (39R) of the extension side check valve of the extension side piston (32R) against the biasing force of the check spring (49) against the extension side check valve (46R). ) Or the valve itself bends (curves) to flow in the forward direction (B), branch from the second port (41R) of the extension piston (32R) via the intermediate flow path (38), and contract The second piston (32B) reaches the first and second ports (40B) and (41B), but a part of the oil passes through the second ports (41B) and (41R) while the contraction side check valve (46B) It is throttled by the selected orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) to generate a damping force (at this time, the contraction side check valve (46B) performs a non-return action), and eventually oil If Uwamawaru the set blow pressure in pressure compression-side disk valve (43B), the first port of the compression-side piston (32B) (40B) is opened.

他方、伸び行程時にはピストン(32)が引き戻されるため、シリンダー(1)における上側オイル室(8B)の圧力が上昇して、オイルは図9の逆向き矢印(R)で示すように、その上側オイル室(8B)から下側オイル室(8R)へ移動する。   On the other hand, since the piston (32) is pulled back during the extension stroke, the pressure of the upper oil chamber (8B) in the cylinder (1) rises, and the oil flows upward as shown by the reverse arrow (R) in FIG. The oil chamber (8B) moves to the lower oil chamber (8R).

その時、オイルの全部は縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)をやはりチェックバネ(49)の付勢力に抗しつつ、縮み側ピストン(32B)の縮み側チェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)から一旦リフトさせるか、又はバルブ自身ベンドさせて、順方向(R)ヘ流れ、縮み側ピストン(32B)の第2ポート(41B)から中間流路(38)を経て分岐し、伸び側ピストン(32R)の第1、2ポート(40R)(41R)に到達するが、そのオイルの一部が第2ポート(41B)(41R)の通過中において、伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)の選択されたオリフィス(48R−1)〜(48R−8)により絞られて、減衰力を発生し(この際伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)は逆止作用する)、やがてオイルの圧力が伸び側ディスクバルブ(43R)の設定されたブロー圧力よりも高くなると、上記伸び側ピストン(32R)の第1ポート(40R)が開口する。   At that time, all of the oil is temporarily lifted from the pressure check surface (39B) of the compression side check valve of the compression side piston (32B) while resisting the urging force of the check spring (49). Or the valve itself bends to flow in the forward direction (R), branches from the second port (41B) of the contraction side piston (32B) via the intermediate flow path (38), and the first of the extension side piston (32R). 2 port (40R) (41R) is reached, but a part of the oil is passing through the second port (41B) (41R), the selected orifice (48R-1) of the extension side check valve (46R) ) To (48R-8) to generate a damping force (in this case, the extension side check valve (46R) acts as a check), and the oil pressure eventually increases to the extension side disk valve ( Becomes higher than the set blow pressure 3R), the first port of the extension-side piston (32R) (40R) is opened.

又、上記縮み行程時の減衰力を調整するに当っては、連結スリーブ(アッパージョイント)(16)の減衰力調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩(G)から露呈している縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)の選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)へ、図4、5のように手動ドライバーなどの適当な回動操作工具(T)を差し込み係止させて、その調整ダイヤル(24B)を時計方向又は反時計方向へ回動操作すれば良い。   Further, in adjusting the damping force at the time of the contraction stroke, the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (G) exposed from the damping recess (G) for the damping force adjustment dial of the connecting sleeve (upper joint) (16) ( As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, an appropriate turning operation tool (T) such as a manual screwdriver is inserted and locked into the selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) of 24B), and the adjustment dial (24B ) May be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise.

そうすれば、その縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)の回動作用が上記縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)から、その角軸部又は楕円軸部(28a)と縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)における取付穴(47B)との嵌合を介して、縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)へ伝わるため、その縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)に開口分布しているオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)のうちの1個を、上記調整ダイヤル(24B)の回動操作角度に応じて、縮み側ピストン(32B)の縮み側チェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)に陥没している凹溝(42B)から、そのピストン(32B)の第2ポート(41B)と合致連通させることができ、縮み行程時における減衰力の希望する調整状態を得られる。   Then, the rotational action of the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24B) is changed from the contraction side damping force adjustment sheath shaft (28) to its angular or elliptical shaft portion (28a) and the contraction side check valve (46B). ) Is transmitted to the contraction side check valve (46B) through the fitting with the mounting hole (47B) in the mounting hole (47B), and the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-) distributed in the contraction side check valve (46B). 8), a concave groove (42B) recessed in the pressure-receiving surface (39B) for the contraction side check valve of the contraction side piston (32B) according to the rotation operation angle of the adjustment dial (24B). ), The second port (41B) of the piston (32B) can be made to communicate with the second port (41B), and a desired adjustment state of the damping force during the contraction stroke can be obtained.

その縮み行程時における減衰力の調整状態が、今図14のようなオリフィス(48B−5)と第2ポート(41B)との合致連通した中程度であると仮定すると、その状態まで回動操作された縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)の位相角度は図4、5のように、その調整ダイヤル(24B)の選択穴(図示符号省略)へ落ち込み係止する縮み側クリック機構(Cb)のボール(25B)によって、安定良く位置決め停止されることとなり、その一定な回動位相角度(θ)(図例では約45度)づつの小刻みに保持されるのである。   If it is assumed that the adjustment state of the damping force during the contraction stroke is an intermediate state where the orifice (48B-5) and the second port (41B) as shown in FIG. The phase angle of the contraction-side damping force adjustment dial (24B) is set in the contraction-side click mechanism (Cb) that falls into the selection hole (not shown) of the adjustment dial (24B) and is locked as shown in FIGS. By the ball (25B), the positioning is stably stopped, and the constant rotation phase angle (θ) (about 45 degrees in the illustrated example) is held in small increments.

この点、図15、16は上記減衰力の最も弱い調整状態と最も強い調整状態を示しているが、図14の中程度から縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)により縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)を反時計方向へ、その一方の位置決めストッパー凸片(50)が縮み側ピストン(32B)のキーピン(52B)と係止するまで回動操作して、その最も開口面積の大きなオリフィス(48B−8)を上記第2ポート(41B)と合致連通させることにより、減衰力の最も弱い調整状態を得られる。   In this respect, FIGS. 15 and 16 show the weakest and strongest adjustment states of the damping force. From the middle of FIG. 14, the contraction side check valve (46B) is adjusted by the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24B). Is rotated counterclockwise until one of the positioning stopper convex pieces (50) is engaged with the key pin (52B) of the contraction side piston (32B), and the orifice (48B-8) having the largest opening area is operated. ) And the second port (41B) in conformity with each other, an adjustment state with the weakest damping force can be obtained.

又、同じく図14の上記中程度から縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)によって縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)を時計方向へ、その他方の位置決めストッパー凸片(51)がやはり縮み側ピストン(32B)のキーピン(52B)と係止するまで回動操作し、その開口面積が零のオリフィス(48B−1)と対応合致させて、上記第2ポート(41B)を遮断することにより、減衰力の最も強い調整状態を得られるのである。   Similarly, in FIG. 14, the medium-to-contracting-side damping force adjustment dial (24B) is used to turn the contracting-side check valve (46B) clockwise, and the other positioning stopper convex piece (51) is also used as the contracting-side piston (32B). The key pin (52B) is rotated until it is locked, and the opening area is matched with that of the zero orifice (48B-1) to shut off the second port (41B). A strong adjustment state can be obtained.

他方、伸び行程時の減衰力を調整する場合には、やはり連結スリーブ(アッパージョイント)(16)の上記収納凹窩(G)から露呈している伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)の選択穴(31R−1)〜(31R−8)へ、図6、7のように適当な回動操作工具(T)を差し込み係止させて、その調整ダイヤル(24R)を時計方向又は反時計方向へ回動操作すれば良い。   On the other hand, when adjusting the damping force during the extension stroke, the selection hole of the extension side damping force adjustment dial (24R) exposed from the housing recess (G) of the connecting sleeve (upper joint) (16) is also used. A suitable turning tool (T) is inserted and locked in (31R-1) to (31R-8) as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the adjustment dial (24R) is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. What is necessary is just to rotate.

そうすれば、その伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)の回動作用が上記伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)から、その角軸部又は楕円軸部(29a)とジョイントピース(33)との嵌合や、そのジョイントピース(33)と伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)における取付穴(47R)との嵌合を経て、伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)へ伝わるため、その伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)に開口分布しているオリフィス(48R−1)〜(48R−8)のうちの1個を、上記調整ダイヤル(24R)の回動操作角度に応じて、伸び側ピストン(32R)に陥没している凹溝(42R)から、そのピストン(32R)の第2ポート(41R)と合致連通させることができ、伸び行程時における減衰力の希望する調整状態を得られる。   Then, the rotation action of the extension side damping force adjustment dial (24R) is changed from the extension side damping force adjustment core shaft (29) to the angular or elliptical shaft portion (29a) and the joint piece (33). And the joint piece (33) and the mounting hole (47R) in the extension side check valve (46R) are connected to the extension side check valve (46R), so that the extension side check valve (46R) ), One of the orifices (48R-1) to (48R-8) distributed in the opening is depressed into the extension piston (32R) according to the rotation operation angle of the adjustment dial (24R). From the recessed groove (42R), the second port (41R) of the piston (32R) can be matched and communicated, and a desired adjustment state of the damping force during the extension stroke can be obtained.

その伸び行程時における減衰力の強弱調整状態は、図14〜16と対応する図17〜19に示すとおりであり、又その伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)の回動位相角度(θ)を位置決め保持した状態は、図4、5と対応する図6、7に示すとおりであって、上記縮み行程時におけるそれらと実質的に同じと言えるため、これらの詳細な説明を省略する。   The damping force adjustment state during the extension stroke is as shown in FIGS. 17 to 19 corresponding to FIGS. 14 to 16, and the rotation phase angle (θ) of the extension side damping force adjustment dial (24R) is set. 6 and 7 corresponding to FIGS. 4 and 5 and corresponding to FIGS. 4 and 5, and can be said to be substantially the same as those during the contraction process, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

以上を要するに、本発明の実施形態として説示したショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置では、シリンダー(1)のオイル室(8)を上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)に細分するピストン(32)が、縮み側ピストン(32B)と伸び側ピストン(32R)との上下一対に2分割されており、その向かい合う相互間にオイルの中間流路(38)を確保する螺合締結状態として組立一体化されている。   In short, the shock absorber damping force adjusting apparatus described as an embodiment of the present invention subdivides the oil chamber (8) of the cylinder (1) into an upper oil chamber (8B) and a lower oil chamber (8R). (32) is divided into two upper and lower pairs of a contraction side piston (32B) and an extension side piston (32R), and is in a threaded fastening state in which an intermediate oil flow path (38) is secured between the opposing pistons. Assembly is integrated.

しかも、その中間流路(38)を画定する両ピストン(32B)(32R)の内壁面は、広大な面積のチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)としてフラット化されており、開口面積の順次段階的に大小変化する複数のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)を備えた縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)と伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)との上下一対が、その対応的なチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)へ弾圧付勢状態に封入設置されている。   In addition, the inner wall surfaces of both pistons (32B) (32R) that define the intermediate flow path (38) are flattened as pressure receiving surfaces (39B) (39R) for check valves having a large area. A contraction-side check valve (46B) and an expansion-side check valve (46R) having a plurality of orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) that gradually change in size in stages. And a pair of upper and lower are sealed and installed on the corresponding pressure-receiving surfaces for check valves (39B) and (39R).

そのため、ディスクバルブ(43B)(43R)により開閉される第1ポート(40B)(40R)が両ピストン(32B)(32R)の大きなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P1)上において、又上記チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)と択一的に合致連通し得る第2ポート(41B)(41R)が両ピストン(32B)(32R)の小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P2)上において、その何れも上下対称な開口分布状態に穿設されていることとも相俟ち、両ピストン(32B)(32R)の向かい合う相互間(中間流路(38))を有効に活用し乍ら、その内部へ低速域での操縦安定性に優れたオリフィス調整機構を集約的・合理的に組み込むことができる。 Therefore, the first port (40B) (40R) opened and closed by the disc valve (43B) (43R) is on the large PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P1) of both pistons (32B) (32R) and the check valve. (46B) (46R) and the second port (41B) (41R), which can communicate with each other alternatively, on the small PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P2) of both pistons (32B) (32R) Combined with the fact that it is perforated in a vertically symmetric opening distribution state, the piston (32B) (32R) facing each other (intermediate flow path (38)) is effectively utilized, and the inside is low-speed. An orifice adjustment mechanism with excellent steering stability in the region can be integrated and rationally incorporated.

その場合、本発明のチェックバルブ(46B)(46R)は1枚の薄肉な円板状シムから成り、上記ピストン(32B)(32R)における減衰力の受圧面積が大きいフラットなチェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)によって、安定良く受け止められるようになっている結果、ショックアブソーバーとしての応答性に優れるばかりでなく、例えばオリフィス同志の重なり合う開口面積を可変調整するロータリーセレクトバルブに比して、上記チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)に開口分布する複数のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)を、その隣り合う間隔ピッチの極力広く確保でき、延いてはオイルリークによる干渉や減衰力のバラツキなどを少なく抑制し得ると共に、温度特性の向上も図れるのである。   In that case, the check valve (46B) (46R) of the present invention is composed of a single thin disc-shaped shim, and the pressure receiving surface for a flat check valve having a large pressure receiving area of the damping force in the piston (32B) (32R). As a result of being stably received by (39B) and (39R), not only is excellent in responsiveness as a shock absorber, but also, for example, compared to a rotary select valve that variably adjusts the overlapping opening areas of the orifices, A plurality of orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) having openings distributed in the check valves (46B) and (46R) can be secured as widely as possible with the adjacent interval pitch. In addition, interference and oil pressure fluctuation due to oil leaks can be suppressed and temperature characteristics are improved. It is attained to.

更に、本発明の縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)上に取り付けられた縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)と、伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)上に取り付けられた伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)は、その縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)並びに伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)と対応する選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)を備えており、しかも互いにほぼ同じ構成として、連結スリーブ(アッパージョイント)(16)の調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩(G)へ故障のおそれなく保護・収納された状態にある。   Furthermore, the contraction side damping force adjustment dial (24B) attached on the contraction side damping force adjustment sheath shaft (28) of the present invention and the extension side damping force attached on the extension side damping force adjustment core shaft (29). The adjustment dial (24R) corresponds to the contraction side check valve (46B) and the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) of the extension side check valve (46R). Selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8) are provided, and the adjustment sleeves of the connecting sleeve (upper joint) (16) are accommodated in almost the same configuration. It is in a state where it is protected and stored in the recess (G) without fear of failure.

そして、その収納凹窩(G)の窓口(27)から上記選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)へ回動操作工具(T)を差し込み係止させる一方、上記収納凹窩(G)の底壁面に埋設されたクリック機構(Cb)(Cr)のボール(25B)(25R)が、その回動操作工具(T)の差し込み方向と言わば逆方向の内奥部から上記選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)へ、自づと弾圧的に落ち込み係止するようになっており、その選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)は回動操作工具(T)の差し込み用とボール(25B)(25R)の落ち込み用とを兼ねている。   Then, the turning operation tool (T) is inserted into the selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8) from the window (27) of the storage recess (G). On the other hand, the ball (25B) (25R) of the click mechanism (Cb) (Cr) embedded in the bottom wall surface of the storage recess (G) is said to be the insertion direction of the turning operation tool (T). From the inner part in the reverse direction to the selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8), they are depressed and locked by themselves, The selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8) serve both for inserting the turning tool (T) and for dropping the balls (25B) (25R). ing.

その結果、必要構成が著しく簡素となり、縮み行程時と伸び行程時における減衰力の調整操作をすばやく便利に行なえるほか、その強弱調整度合い(段階数)の明確な節度感も得られるのであり、そのためのクリック機構(Cb)(Cr)や調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)が、上記連結スリーブ(16)から部分的に盛り上がる厚肉なハンプ(23)に埋設されていることとも相俟って、外観体裁と耐久性能などの向上に役立つ。   As a result, the required configuration is remarkably simplified, and the damping force adjustment operation during the contraction stroke and the extension stroke can be performed quickly and conveniently, and a clear moderation feeling of the strength adjustment level (number of stages) can be obtained. Combined with the fact that the click mechanism (Cb) (Cr) and the adjustment dial (24B) (24R) are embedded in a thick hump (23) that rises partially from the connecting sleeve (16). It helps to improve appearance and durability.

尚、図示の実施形態に対しては次の部分的な各種改変を行なうことができ、これらも本発明の範疇に属する。   It should be noted that the following partial modifications can be made to the illustrated embodiment, and these also belong to the category of the present invention.

a)図例ではチェックバルブ(46B)(46R)のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)を悉く円形として、合計8個だけ開口分布させているが、減衰力を滑らかに変化させることができるならば、開口形状を楕円形や角形などに定めたり、その個数を増減したりしても良く、このことは調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)の選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)についても同様に言える。 a) In the example shown in the figure, the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) of the check valves (46B) and (46R) are formed in a circular shape, and a total of eight openings are distributed. However, if the damping force can be changed smoothly, the opening shape may be determined to be an ellipse or a square, or the number of the openings may be increased or decreased. This is the adjustment dial (24B) (24R). The same applies to the selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8).

b)ピストン(32B)(32R)の第1、2ポート(40B)(40R)(41B)(41R)を、チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)と同じ個数だけ開口分布させているが、その対応的な回動位相角度(θ)を安定裡に確保できる限りでは、特に上記第2ポート(41B)(41R)の個数をオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)のそれよりも減少させて、そのオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)より大きく開口形成してもさしつかえない。上記第1、2ポート(40B)(40R)(41B)(41R)の開口形状も円形のみならず、楕円形や角形などに定めることができる。 b) The first and second ports (40B) (40R) (41B) (41R) of the pistons (32B) (32R) are connected to the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) of the check valves (46B) (46R). Although the same number of openings as (48R-1) to (48R-8) are distributed, as long as the corresponding rotation phase angle (θ) can be ensured stably, the second port (41B) is particularly effective. The number of (41R) is reduced more than that of orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8), and the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) An opening larger than (48R-1) to (48R-8) may be formed. The opening shapes of the first and second ports (40B), (40R), (41B), and (41R) can be determined not only in a circular shape but also in an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape.

c)又、図11に示すようなキーピン打ち込み用の予備穴(53B)(53R)を、ピストン(32B)(32R)のフラットな内壁面に穿設しておき、上記キーピン(52B)(52R)をその予備穴(53B)(53R)へ打ち替えることにより、チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)の回動操作方向を逆として、上記と同様な調整状態の位置決め保持効果を得られるように定めても良い。 c) Further, a preliminary hole (53B) (53R) for driving a key pin as shown in FIG. 11 is formed in the flat inner wall surface of the piston (32B) (32R), and the key pin (52B) (52R) is formed. ) Is replaced with the preliminary holes (53B) and (53R) so that the rotational operation direction of the check valves (46B) and (46R) is reversed, and the positioning and holding effect in the same adjustment state as described above can be obtained. May be.

本発明に係るショックアブソーバーの正面図である。1 is a front view of a shock absorber according to the present invention. 図1の2−2線断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 減衰力調整ダイヤルの取付部分を拡大して示す斜面図である。It is a perspective view which expands and shows the attachment part of a damping force adjustment dial. 図2の4−4線拡大断面図である。FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤルの回動操作過程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the rotation operation process of a compression side damping force adjustment dial. 図2の6−6線拡大断面図である。FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤルの回動操作過程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the rotation operation process of the extension side damping force adjustment dial. 縮み行程時の減衰力調整状態を示す図2の部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 showing a damping force adjustment state during a contraction stroke. 伸び行程時の減衰力調整状態を示す図8に対応する部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 8 illustrating a damping force adjustment state during an extension stroke. ピストンを抽出して示す斜面図である。It is a slope view which extracts and shows a piston. 同じくピストンを内側から見た正面図である。It is the front view which similarly looked at the piston from the inside. チェックバルブを抽出して示す正面図である。It is a front view which extracts and shows a check valve. 図12の13−13線断面図である。FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line 13-13 of FIG. 図8の14−14線断面図である。FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 14-14 of FIG. 図14からチェックバルブを反時計方向へ回動操作した縮み行程時の減衰力調整状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the damping force adjustment state at the time of the contraction stroke which rotated the check valve counterclockwise from FIG. 図14からチェックバルブを時計方向へ回動操作した縮み行程時の減衰力調整状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the damping force adjustment state at the time of the contraction stroke which rotated the check valve clockwise from FIG. 図9の17−17線断面図である。FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 17-17 in FIG. 9. 図17からチェックバルブを時計方向へ回動操作した伸び行程時の減衰力調整状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the damping force adjustment state at the time of the expansion stroke which operated the check valve clockwise from FIG. 図17からチェックバルブを反時計方向へ回動操作した伸び行程時の減衰力調整状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the damping force adjustment state at the time of the expansion stroke which operated the check valve counterclockwise from FIG.

(1)・シリンダー
(2)・ロッドガイドケース
(3)・バネ受けシートフランジ
(5)・ピストンロッド
(5a)・上端ネジ軸部
(5b)・下端ネジ軸部
(6)・ストッパーフランジ
(7)・フリーピストン
(8)・オイル室
(9)・リザーバー室
(12)(22)・取付ステー
(13)(21)・ベアリング
(14)・オイルシール
(15)・ブッシュ
(16)・連結スリーブ(アッパージョイント)
(17)(20)・ロックナット
(18)・バネ受けシートリング
(19)・懸架バネ
(23)・ハンプ
(24B)・縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル
(24R)・伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル
(25B)(25R)・ボール
(26B)(26R)・コイルバネ
(27)・窓口
(28)・縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸
(28a)・楕円軸部
(29)・の減衰力調整芯軸
(29a)・楕円軸部
(30B)(30R)・埋め込みボルト
(31B−1)(31B−2)(31B−3)(31B−4)(31B−5)(31B−6)(31B−7)(31B−8)(31R−1)(31R−2)(31R−3)(31R−4)(31R−5)(31R−6)(31R−7)(31R−8)・選択穴
(32)・ピストン
(32B)・縮み側ピストン
(32R)・伸び側ピストン
(33)・ジョイントピース
(34)・キャップボルト
(34a)・上端ネジ軸部
(35)・圧縮コイルバネ
(36)(37)・止め輪
(38)・中間流路
(39B)(39R)・チェックバルブ用受圧面
(40B)(40R)・第1ポート
(41B)(41R)・第2ポート
(42B)(42R)・凹溝
(43B)(43R)・ディスクバルブ
(44)・リテーナー
(45)・ピストンリング
(46B)(46R)・チェックバルブ
(47B)(47R)・取付穴
(48B−1)(48B−2)(48B−3)(48B−4)(48B−5)(48B−6)(48B−7)(48B−8)(48R−1)(48R−2)(48R−3)(48R−4)(48R−5)(48R−6)(48R−7)(48R−8)・オリフィス
(49)・チェックバネ
(50)(51)・ストッパー凸片
(52B)(52R)・キーピン
(53B)(53R)・予備穴
(Cb)(Cr)・クリック機構
(G)・調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩
(L)・ハンプの長さ
(T)・回動操作工具
(W)・中間流路の開口幅
(P1)・大きなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)
(P2)・小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)
(θ)・回動位相角度
(1) · Cylinder (2) · Rod guide case (3) · Spring bearing seat flange (5) · Piston rod (5a) · Upper screw shaft (5b) · Lower screw shaft (6) · Stopper flange (7 ) · Free piston (8) · Oil chamber (9) · Reservoir chamber (12) (22) · Mounting stay (13) (21) · Bearing (14) · Oil seal (15) · Bush (16) · Connection sleeve (Upper joint)
(17) (20) · Lock nut (18) · Spring bearing seat ring (19) · Suspension spring (23) · Hump (24B) · Shrinkage side damping force adjustment dial (24R) · Extension side damping force adjustment dial (25B ) (25R) · Ball (26B) (26R) · Coil spring (27) · Window (28) · Shrinkage side damping force adjustment sheath shaft (28a) · Elliptical shaft portion (29) · Damping force adjustment core shaft (29a) -Elliptical shaft part (30B) (30R)-Embedded bolt (31B-1) (31B-2) (31B-3) (31B-4) (31B-5) (31B-6) (31B-7) (31B -8) (31R-1) (31R-2) (31R-3) (31R-4) (31R-5) (31R-6) (31R-7) (31R-8)-Selection hole (32)- Piston (32B), contraction side piston (32 ) ・ Extension side piston (33) ・ Joint piece (34) ・ Cap bolt (34a) ・ Top screw shaft (35) ・ Compression coil spring (36) (37) ・ Retaining ring (38) ・ Intermediate flow path (39B) (39R) · Pressure receiving surface for check valve (40B) (40R) · First port (41B) (41R) · Second port (42B) (42R) · Groove (43B) (43R) · Disc valve (44)・ Retainer (45) ・ Piston ring (46B) (46R) ・ Check valve (47B) (47R) ・ Mounting hole (48B-1) (48B-2) (48B-3) (48B-4) (48B-5) ) (48B-6) (48B-7) (48B-8) (48R-1) (48R-2) (48R-3) (48R-4) (48R-5) (48R-6) (48R-7) ) (48R 8) Orifice (49) Check spring (50) (51) Stopper convex piece (52B) (52R) Key pin (53B) (53R) Preliminary hole (Cb) (Cr) Click mechanism (G) Adjustable dial storage recess (L), hump length (T), turning tool (W), intermediate channel opening width (P1), large PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter)
(P2)-Small PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter)
(Θ) ・ Rotation phase angle

Claims (7)

シリンダー(1)の内部をオイル室(8)とリザーバー室(9)との上下一対に区分するフリーピストン(7)と、
そのシリンダー(1)のオイル室(8)内へ進退作動自在に差し込まれたピストンロッド(5)と、
そのピストンロッド(5)の差し込み先端部へ取り付け一体化されることにより、上記オイル室(8)を上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)に細分するピストン(32)と、
そのピストン(32)の一定なP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P1)上へ開口分布されることにより、上記上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)とを連通する複数の第1ポート(40B)(40R)と、
上記ピストン(32)を上下方向から挟む弾圧付勢状態として、その第1ポート(40B)(40R)を悉く開閉する縮み側ディスクバルブ(43B)並びに伸び側ディスクバルブ(43R)とを備えたショックアブソーバーにおいて、
上記ピストン(32)を縮み側ピストン(32B)と伸び側ピストン(32R)との上下一対として2分割することにより、その向かい合う相互間に上記第1ポート(40B)(40R)と連通する一定な開口幅(W)の中間流路(38)を画定し、
両ピストン(32B)(32R)における上記第1ポート(40B)(40R)のP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P1)よりも小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P2)上へ、その第1ポート(40B)(40R)と連通しつつも、上記ディスクバルブ(43B)(43R)によって開閉されない複数の第2ポート(41B)(41R)を、上記シリンダー(1)の上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)へ常時開口する分布状態に形成すると共に、
一方向への順次段階的に変化する開口面積を有し且つ上記第2ポート(41B)(41R)とだけ択一的に合致連通し得る複数のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)が開口分布された互いに同じ円板状のシムから成る縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)と伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)との上下一対を、上記中間流路(38)の向かい合う内壁面へ弾圧付勢状態に介挿設置し、
上記ピストンロッド(5)の軸線上に沿って差し込み貫通させた縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)と伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)により、その対応的な縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)と伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)を各別に回動操作して、そのオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)を上記第2ポート(41B)(41R)と択一的に合致連通させることにより、縮み行程時と伸び行程時との減衰力を強弱調整できるように定めたことを特徴とするショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置。
A free piston (7) that divides the inside of the cylinder (1) into an upper and lower pair of an oil chamber (8) and a reservoir chamber (9);
A piston rod (5) inserted into the oil chamber (8) of the cylinder (1) so as to freely advance and retract;
A piston (32) that subdivides the oil chamber (8) into an upper oil chamber (8B) and a lower oil chamber (8R) by being integrated with the piston rod (5) at the insertion tip.
A plurality of first ports communicating with the upper oil chamber (8B) and the lower oil chamber (8R) by being distributed over the fixed PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P1) of the piston (32). (40B) (40R),
A shock provided with a contraction-side disk valve (43B) and an expansion-side disk valve (43R) that open and close the first port (40B) (40R) in an elastically biased state sandwiching the piston (32) from above and below. In the absorber
The piston (32) is divided into two as an upper and lower pair of a contraction side piston (32B) and an extension side piston (32R), so that the first port (40B) (40R) communicates with the first port (40B) (40R). Defining an intermediate channel (38) of opening width (W);
The first port (40B) onto the PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P2) smaller than the PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) (P1) of the first port (40B) (40R) of both pistons (32B) (32R) . ) (40R), a plurality of second ports (41B) (41R) that are not opened and closed by the disk valves (43B) (43R) are connected to the upper oil chamber (8B) and the lower side of the cylinder (1). In addition to forming a distributed state that always opens to the oil chamber (8R),
A plurality of orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) having an opening area that changes in a stepwise manner in one direction and that can selectively communicate with the second port (41B) (41R) only. (48R-1) to (48R-8) are a pair of upper and lower sides of a contraction side check valve (46B) and an extension side check valve (46R) made of the same disk-shaped shim in which openings are distributed. (38) is installed on the inner wall facing each other in an urging state,
The compression side check valve (46B) corresponding to the compression side damping force adjustment sheath shaft (28) and the expansion side damping force adjustment core shaft (29) inserted and penetrated along the axis of the piston rod (5). And the expansion side check valve (46R) are individually rotated, and the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) are connected to the second port (41B) ( 41R), the damping force adjusting device for the shock absorber, wherein the damping force is adjusted so that the damping force during the contracting stroke and the extending stroke can be adjusted.
縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)がピストンロッド(5)の下端部から長く張り出す下端部だけを、角軸部又は楕円軸部(28a)として造形し、
その角軸部又は楕円軸部(28a)へ縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)の対応的な取付穴(47B)を、一体回動し得るように嵌合させる一方、
上記鞘軸(28)の下端部から更に長く張り出す伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)の下端部だけを、やはり角軸部又は楕円軸部(29a)として造形し、
その角軸部又は楕円軸部(29a)へ対応する中空な角軸形態又は楕円軸形態のジョイントピース(33)を差し込み套嵌させると共に、
そのジョイントピース(33)へ伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)の対応的な取付穴(47R)を、一体回動し得るように嵌合させたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置。
Only the lower end of the contraction-side damping force adjustment sheath shaft (28) that extends long from the lower end of the piston rod (5) is shaped as an angular shaft portion or an elliptic shaft portion (28a),
While fitting the corresponding mounting hole (47B) of the contraction side check valve (46B) to the angular shaft portion or the elliptical shaft portion (28a) so as to be able to rotate integrally,
Only the lower end portion of the extension side damping force adjusting core shaft (29) extending from the lower end portion of the sheath shaft (28) is further shaped as an angular shaft portion or an elliptic shaft portion (29a),
A hollow square-axis or elliptical-axis joint piece (33) corresponding to the angular shaft portion or the elliptical shaft portion (29a) is inserted and fitted,
The damping of the shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein a corresponding mounting hole (47R) of the extension side check valve (46R) is fitted to the joint piece (33) so as to be integrally rotatable. Force adjustment device.
縮み側減衰力調整鞘軸(28)がピストンロッド(5)の上端部から長く張り出す上端部へ、縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)を一体回動し得るように差し込み套嵌させる一方、
上記鞘軸(28)の上端部から更に長く張り出す伸び側減衰力調整芯軸(29)の上端部へ、伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)をやはり一体回動し得るように差し込み套嵌させると共に、
上記ピストンロッド(5)の上端部に螺合締結された車体側への連結スリーブ(16)から盛り上がる厚肉なハンプ(23)に、両調整ダイヤル(24B)(24R)をまとめて収納できる断面ほぼC字形の収納凹窩(G)を切り欠いたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置。
While the compression side damping force adjustment dial (24B) is inserted into the upper end portion where the compression side damping force adjustment sheath shaft (28) extends long from the upper end portion of the piston rod (5) so as to be integrally rotatable,
The extension-side damping force adjustment dial (24R) is inserted into the upper end portion of the extension-side damping force adjustment core shaft (29) that extends further from the upper end portion of the sheath shaft (28) so that the extension-side damping force adjustment dial (24R) can also integrally rotate. As well as
A cross section in which both adjustment dials (24B) and (24R) can be stored together in a thick hump (23) raised from a connecting sleeve (16) to the vehicle body side screwed and fastened to the upper end of the piston rod (5). 2. A damping force adjusting device for a shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein a substantially C-shaped storage recess (G) is cut out.
縮み側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24B)と伸び側減衰力調整ダイヤル(24R)とを互いにほぼ同じ構成として、その円周面へ縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)並びに伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)と各々対応する複数の選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)を放射対称型に開口分布させると共に、
上記選択穴(31B−1)〜(31B−8)(31R−1)〜(31R−8)へ落ち込み係止し得るボール(25B)(25R)と、そのボール(25B)(25R)の背圧付勢用コイルバネ(26B)(26R)とから成るクリック機構(Cb)(Cr)の1組を、減衰力調整ダイヤル用収納凹窩(G)の底壁面へ埋設したことを特徴とする請求項3記載のショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置。
The contraction-side damping force adjustment dial (24B) and the expansion-side damping force adjustment dial (24R) have substantially the same configuration, and the compression-side check valve (46B) and the orifices of the expansion-side check valve (46R) ( 48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) and a plurality of selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8), respectively. ) With a radially symmetrical aperture distribution,
Balls (25B) (25R) that can be lowered and locked into the selection holes (31B-1) to (31B-8) (31R-1) to (31R-8), and the backs of the balls (25B) (25R) One set of a click mechanism (Cb) (Cr) composed of a coil spring (26B) (26R) for pressure biasing is embedded in the bottom wall surface of the storage recess (G) for the damping force adjustment dial. Item 4. A shock absorber damping force adjusting device according to Item 3.
縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)並びに伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)のオリフィス(48B−1)〜(48B−8)(48R−1)〜(48R−8)と択一的に合致連通し得る第2ポート(41B)(41R)を、両ピストン(32B)(32R)へ上下対称な断面ほぼL字形に穿孔して、その両ピストン(32B)(32R)の円錐外周面からシリンダー(1)の上側オイル室(8B)と下側オイル室(8R)へ常時開口させると共に、
その両ピストン(32B)(32R)の小さなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P2)上に開口分布する複数の上記第2ポート(41B)(41R)と、同じく両ピストン(32B)(32R)の大きなP.C.D (Pitch Circle Diameter)(P1)上に開口分布する複数の第1ポート(40B)(40R)とを、交互の千鳥配列状態に位相変化させたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置。
A second one that can selectively communicate with the orifices (48B-1) to (48B-8) (48R-1) to (48R-8) of the contraction side check valve (46B) and the extension side check valve (46R). Ports (41B) and (41R) are drilled into both pistons (32B) and (32R) so as to have a substantially L-shaped cross section, and the pistons (32B) and (32R) are connected to the upper side of the cylinder (1) from the outer circumferential surface of the cone. While always opening to the oil chamber (8B) and the lower oil chamber (8R),
The plurality of second ports (41B) (41R) having an opening distribution on the small PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P2) of both pistons (32B) (32R) and the large of both pistons (32B) (32R) 2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first ports (40B) (40R) having an aperture distribution on a PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) ( P1) are phase-shifted in an alternating staggered arrangement state. Damping force adjustment device.
中間流路(38)を画定するために組立一体化された両ピストン(32B)(32R)の向かい合う内壁面を、縮み側チェックバルブ(46B)並びに伸び側チェックバルブ(46R)の広大な受圧面(39B)(39R)としてフラット化すると共に、
両チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)をその向かい合う相互間へ介挿設置したチェックバネ(49)により、上記チェックバルブ用受圧面(39B)(39R)へ一挙同時に押圧付勢したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置。
The opposing inner wall surfaces of the pistons (32B) (32R) assembled and integrated to define the intermediate flow path (38) are connected to the large pressure receiving surfaces of the contraction side check valve (46B) and the extension side check valve (46R). (39B) Flatten as (39R),
The check valves (46B) and (46R) are pressed and urged all at once to the check valve pressure receiving surfaces (39B) and (39R) by check springs (49) interposed between the check valves. The shock absorber damping force adjusting device according to claim 1.
減衰力の最も弱い調整状態と最も強い調整状態とを各々位置決めする一対のストッパー凸片(50)(51)を、両チェックバルブ(46B)(46R)の円周面から連続一体に張り出す一方、
中間流路(38)を画定する両ピストン(32B)(32R)の向かい合う内壁面から、上記位置決めストッパー凸片(50)(51)の受け止め用キーピン(52B)(52R)を各々対応的に突設したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のショックアブソーバーの減衰力調整装置。
While a pair of stopper convex pieces (50) and (51) for positioning the adjustment state with the weakest damping force and the strongest adjustment state are continuously projected from the circumferential surfaces of both check valves (46B) and (46R), ,
The receiving key pins (52B) and (52R) of the positioning stopper convex pieces (50) and (51) protrude from the inner wall surfaces of the pistons (32B) and (32R) that define the intermediate flow path (38). The shock absorber damping force adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorber damping force adjusting device is provided.
JP2008023995A 2008-02-04 2008-02-04 Shock absorber damping force adjustment device Expired - Fee Related JP4729757B2 (en)

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