JP4713201B2 - Phosphorus remover supply device and small-scale wastewater septic tank equipped with the same - Google Patents

Phosphorus remover supply device and small-scale wastewater septic tank equipped with the same Download PDF

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JP4713201B2
JP4713201B2 JP2005108543A JP2005108543A JP4713201B2 JP 4713201 B2 JP4713201 B2 JP 4713201B2 JP 2005108543 A JP2005108543 A JP 2005108543A JP 2005108543 A JP2005108543 A JP 2005108543A JP 4713201 B2 JP4713201 B2 JP 4713201B2
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phosphorus
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信義 片貝
宏 山下
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Housetec Inc
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本発明は、戸建住宅、集合住宅、コンビニエンスストア等の小規模建築施設から排出されるし尿排水、生活排水、有機系排水等の合併排水(以下、これらを単に排水と略す)に含まれているリン分(リン酸イオン)を除去する固形リン除去剤、リン除去剤供給装置、及びそれを備え、排水を処理する小規模排水浄化槽に関する。   The present invention is included in combined wastewater (hereinafter simply referred to as wastewater) such as human wastewater, domestic wastewater, and organic wastewater discharged from small-scale building facilities such as detached houses, apartment houses, and convenience stores. The present invention relates to a solid phosphorus removing agent that removes the phosphorus content (phosphate ions), a phosphorus removing agent supply device, and a small-scale wastewater septic tank that includes the same and processes wastewater.

上記の施設等から排出される排水は、嫌気処理と好気処理の生物処理機能を主体とする小規模排水浄化槽によって処理され、消毒した後、放流されている。これら小規模排水浄化槽は、排水中の固形物や有機物を除去して汚濁指標のBODを低減(除去)して、さらには排水を嫌気処理と好気処理の系内で循環させて、窒素分を除去している。しかし、このような処理を施してもリン分(リン酸イオン)は除去することができず、そのまま放流されている。そこで小規模排水浄化槽では、リン酸イオンも除去することを目的にした場合、鉄、アルミニウム、カルシウム等の多価金属イオンを排水中に供給し、多価金属イオンとリン酸イオンとを反応させることにより固体化(または粒子化)して沈殿、浮上又は濾過等の処理によって除去する、反応凝集法が用いられている。   Wastewater discharged from the above facilities is treated by a small-scale wastewater septic tank mainly composed of anaerobic and aerobic biological treatment functions, disinfected, and then discharged. These small-scale wastewater septic tanks reduce solid matter and organic matter in the wastewater to reduce (remove) the BOD of the pollution index, and further circulate the wastewater in the anaerobic and aerobic treatment systems to reduce the nitrogen content. Has been removed. However, even if such a treatment is performed, the phosphorus content (phosphate ions) cannot be removed and is released as it is. Therefore, in the small-scale wastewater septic tank, when the purpose is to remove phosphate ions, polyvalent metal ions such as iron, aluminum, and calcium are supplied into the wastewater, and the polyvalent metal ions and phosphate ions are reacted. A reactive agglomeration method is used in which solidification (or particleization) is performed and then removed by a treatment such as precipitation, flotation or filtration.

そして、この多価金属イオンを排水中に供給する方法としては、例えば、鉄、アルミニウム等の金属材を液中に対峙させて懸垂し、この金属材に電圧をかけて電流を流し、陽極からこれら多価金属イオンを溶出させる電解法がある(特許文献1参照)。さらには、多価金属イオンを排水中に供給する別の方法として、塩化第二鉄、ポリ硫酸第二鉄、ポリ塩化アルミニウム等の水溶液の凝集剤を注入ポンプにより供給する凝集剤添加法がある(特許文献2参照)。   And, as a method of supplying this polyvalent metal ion into the waste water, for example, a metal material such as iron or aluminum is suspended in the liquid, a voltage is applied to this metal material, an electric current is passed, There is an electrolysis method for eluting these polyvalent metal ions (see Patent Document 1). Furthermore, as another method for supplying polyvalent metal ions into waste water, there is a coagulant addition method for supplying an aqueous coagulant such as ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, or polyaluminum chloride by an injection pump. (See Patent Document 2).

前記した電解法は、電解装置、制御装置等の備えが必須であり、また電極材の消耗に伴い新品との定期的交換が必要とされている。また、凝集剤添加法は、凝集剤注入装置(ポンプ)、制御装置、凝集剤貯留タンク等の備えが必須であり、また凝集剤の減少に伴い定期的補充が必要とされている。そして、前記した装置は総じて高価なものであるため、小規模排水浄化槽へ組み込むとなるとその負担が大きくなってしまい、また維持管理も複雑さを増している。   In the electrolysis method described above, it is essential to provide an electrolyzer, a control device, and the like, and it is necessary to periodically replace it with a new one as the electrode material is consumed. In addition, the coagulant addition method requires provision of a coagulant injection device (pump), a control device, a coagulant storage tank, and the like, and periodic replenishment is required as the coagulant decreases. And since the above-mentioned apparatus is generally expensive, when it is incorporated into a small-scale wastewater septic tank, the burden becomes large, and maintenance management is also complicated.

そこで、付帯装置の軽装化または不要化、低コスト化、維持管理性の向上等を狙った方法や装置が提案されている。例えば、リン酸イオンと反応する金属塩と消毒能を有する塩素系化合物とを混合して錠剤化し、この錠剤を浄化処理の終了した処理水と接触させて、リン酸イオンの除去と処理水の消毒を行う、リン除去殺菌固形剤、それを用いた浄化槽がある(特許文献3参照)。さらには高級脂肪酸、高級アルコール、パラフィン類等の有機化合物と鉄塩、アルミニウム塩等を混ぜて溶解、冷却固化したものを、活性汚泥方式の曝気槽に添加して溶解させる、固形脱窒、脱リン促進剤がある(特許文献4参照)。   In view of this, methods and devices have been proposed that aim to lighten or eliminate the need for incidental devices, reduce costs, and improve maintainability. For example, a metal salt that reacts with phosphate ions and a chlorinated compound having disinfecting ability are mixed to form tablets, and the tablets are brought into contact with treated water after purification treatment to remove phosphate ions and treated water. There exists a phosphorus removal disinfection solid agent which performs disinfection, and a septic tank using it (refer patent document 3). Furthermore, organic compounds such as higher fatty acids, higher alcohols, paraffins, etc. and iron salts, aluminum salts, etc. are mixed and dissolved, cooled and solidified, and added to the activated sludge type aeration tank to dissolve them. There exists a phosphorus promoter (refer patent document 4).

特許第3506697号公報Japanese Patent No. 3506697 特開2003−136082号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-136082 特開2000−210676号公報JP 2000-210676 A 特開2001−269689号公報JP 2001-269689 A

リン除去殺菌固形剤のような例では、殺菌剤を含んでいるため、生物処理が終了した後に処理水と接触させる必要のあること、また、処理水と接触させた後にリン酸イオンと反応して生成する固形物粒子(またはフロック)は、その粒径が小さく沈降速度の遅いことが推測される。従って、固液分離性を高め、固形物粒子の槽外への流出を防止するためには、滞留槽の容量を大きくする必要があり、結果的に小規模排水浄化槽全体の容量が大きいものになってしまう。   Examples such as phosphorus-removing sterilizing solids contain bactericidal agents and therefore need to be contacted with treated water after biological treatment is completed, and also react with phosphate ions after contacting with treated water. It is presumed that the solid particles (or floc) produced in this way have a small particle size and a slow sedimentation rate. Therefore, in order to improve the solid-liquid separation and prevent the solid particles from flowing out of the tank, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the retention tank. As a result, the capacity of the entire small-scale wastewater purification tank is increased. turn into.

固形脱窒、脱リン促進剤のような例では、この固形剤を曝気槽に直接投入したり、濾床内の循環水と接触する部分に添加したりするものである。このような場合、固形剤は存在するリン酸イオン濃度に関係なく溶解していくため、反応量に必要な金属イオンの過不足を生じることが推測される。結果的に安定したリン除去が行われにくい。また、固形剤の残存状態も確認しにくく、維持管理に煩わしさを生じる。   In examples such as solid denitrification and dephosphorization accelerators, this solid agent is directly charged into an aeration tank or added to a portion in contact with circulating water in the filter bed. In such a case, since the solid agent dissolves regardless of the phosphate ion concentration present, it is presumed that the metal ions required for the reaction amount will be excessive or insufficient. As a result, stable phosphorus removal is difficult to be performed. Moreover, it is difficult to confirm the remaining state of the solid agent, which causes troublesome maintenance.

本発明は、これら従来技術の課題を解決するものであり、重装備の機器を用いないで、且つ取り扱い容易な固形リン除去剤を用いることによって、固形リン除去剤からの金属塩の溶出量が調整でき、また、固形剤の残存量の確認及び補充が容易にでき、そして、特に小規模排水浄化槽へリン除去機能を容易に付与することのできる、固形リン除去剤、リン除去剤供給装置及びそれを備える小規模排水浄化槽を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves these problems of the prior art, and by using a solid phosphorus removing agent that is easy to handle without using heavy equipment, the amount of metal salt eluted from the solid phosphorus removing agent is reduced. Solid phosphorus remover, phosphorus remover supply device, which can be adjusted, can easily check and replenish the remaining amount of solid agent, and can easily provide a phosphorus removal function, particularly to a small-scale wastewater septic tank It aims at providing a small-scale drainage septic tank provided with it.

(1)本発明は、流入口および流出口を有し、水を蓄える有底の貯留容器と、前記貯留容器内に設けられ、固形リン除去剤を充填し、底面及び/又は側面下部に水と接触させる開口を有する収納容器と、前記貯留容器に前記収納容器を係着させる支持体とを備え、前記収納容器の底部(低部)を所定の水位高さで水と接触させる高さ調整手段を設けてなり、前記固形リン除去剤が、少なくとも、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂とを含有する、固形リン除去剤であるリン除去剤供給装置である。
(2)また、本発明は、流入口および流出口を有し、水を蓄える有底の貯留容器と、前記貯留容器内に設けられ、固形リン除去剤を充填し、底面及び/又は側面下部に水と接触させる開口を有する収納容器と、前記貯留容器に前記収納容器を係着させる支持体とを備え、前記収納容器の底部(低部)を所定の水位高さで水と接触させる高さ調整手段を設けてなり、前記固形リン除去剤が、少なくとも、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、(c)多糖類と、(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂とを含有する、固形リン除去剤であるリン除去剤供給装置である
(3)また、多糖類が、澱粉、デキストリン、セルロース又はセロビオースである上記(2)に記載のリン除去剤供給装置である。
固形リン除去剤としては、それ自身に富栄養化成分の一つである窒素成分を含まず、また添加剤(結合剤、コーティング剤等)がいずれ酸化分解、加水分解または生分解等の作用を受けて分解または低分子化することが好ましい。
(4)また、本発明は、少なくとも嫌気処理槽、好気処理槽を組み込んでいる浄化槽に、上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載のリン除去剤供給装置を備えた小規模排水浄化槽である。
)また、本発明は、好気処理槽23を経た後の移流水を嫌気処理槽(21、22)へ返送する循環水路24にリン除去剤供給装置1を備えている、項()の小規模排水浄化槽である。
)また、本発明は、循環水路を分岐させ、分岐水路にリン除去剤供給装置を備えた上記()に記載の小規模排水浄化槽である。
)また、本発明は、リン除去剤供給装置の流入側の分岐水路に、循環水を間欠的に移流させるための水路開閉手段を設けた上記()に記載の小規模排水浄化槽である。
)更に、本発明は、嫌気処理槽から好気処理槽へ移流水が移流する水路にリン除去剤供給装置を備えた上記()に記載の小規模排水浄化槽である。
(1) The present invention has an inflow port and an outflow port, and has a bottomed storage container that stores water, and is provided in the storage container, is filled with a solid phosphorus removing agent, and has water on the bottom surface and / or the bottom of the side surface. A storage container having an opening to be brought into contact with the storage container, and a support for engaging the storage container with the storage container, and adjusting the height of bringing the bottom (low part) of the storage container into contact with water at a predetermined water level The solid phosphorus removing agent is provided with at least (a) an iron salt or an aluminum salt, and (b) a polyvinyl alcohol resin having a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group and an acetyl group, or a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group, and an acetal group. Is a phosphorus removal agent supply device that is a solid phosphorus removal agent .
(2) Moreover, this invention has an inflow port and an outflow port, the bottomed storage container which stores water, It is provided in the said storage container, and it fills with solid phosphorus removal agent, and a bottom face and / or side part lower part A storage container having an opening for contacting with water and a support for engaging the storage container with the storage container, and a bottom (low part) of the storage container is brought into contact with water at a predetermined water level height. The solid phosphorus removing agent comprises at least (a) an iron salt or an aluminum salt, (c) a polysaccharide, (b) a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group and an acetyl group, or a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group, and It is a phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus which is a solid phosphorus removal agent containing the polyvinyl alcohol-type resin which has an acetal group.
(3) Moreover, it is a phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus as described in said (2) whose polysaccharide is starch, dextrin, a cellulose, or cellobiose.
As a solid phosphorus removal agent, it does not contain a nitrogen component, which is one of the eutrophication components, and the additive (binding agent, coating agent, etc.) will eventually have actions such as oxidative degradation, hydrolysis or biodegradation. It is preferable to be decomposed or reduced in molecular weight.
(4) Moreover, this invention is the small-scale waste_water | drain provided with the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus in any one of said (1)-(3) in the septic tank incorporating the anaerobic processing tank and the aerobic processing tank at least. It is a septic tank.
(5) Further, the present invention has a phosphorus removal agent supply device 1 to the water circulation passage 24 for returning the advection water anaerobic treatment tank to (21, 22) after passing through the aerobic treatment tank 23, paragraph (4 ) Small-scale wastewater septic tank.
( 6 ) Moreover, this invention is a small-scale wastewater septic tank as described in said ( 5 ) which branched the circulating water channel and was equipped with the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus in the branched water channel.
( 7 ) Moreover, this invention is a small-scale wastewater septic tank as described in said ( 6 ) which provided the water channel opening-and-closing means for advancing circulating water intermittently in the branched water channel of the inflow side of a phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus. is there.
( 8 ) Furthermore, the present invention is the small-scale wastewater septic tank according to ( 4 ) above, wherein a phosphorus removal agent supply device is provided in a water channel in which the advection water is transferred from the anaerobic treatment tank to the aerobic treatment tank.

本発明の固形リン除去剤は、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と(b)ポリビニルアルコ−ル系樹脂、または、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と(c)多糖類と(b)ポリビニルアルコ−ル系樹脂、等の組成物をタブレット状に固体成形したものであり、この組成物のタブレット化によって、水と接触すると容易に溶解、消失してしまうという鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩の特性を改質できる。すなわち、タブレットの溶解性を遅らせる遅溶解性(徐放性)という特質を持たせることができる。また、本発明の固形リン除去剤は、富栄養化の窒素成分を含まず、また添加剤も分解性を有するものである。したがって、小規模排水浄化槽へ好適な固形リン除去剤として用いることができる。
また、本発明のリン除去剤供給装置は、水を蓄える有底の貯留容器と、この貯留容器内に設け、固形リン除去剤を充填し、底面及び/又は側面下部に水と接触させる開口を有する収納容器と、貯留容器に前記収納容器を係着させる支持体とから構成させ、そして、収納容器の底部(低部)を所定の水位高さで水と接触させる高さ調整手段を設けているものである。これによって、リン除去に見合った必要の溶解量を確保し、且つ、よりいっそうの徐放性を高めることができる。また、簡単な容器の構成からなっているので、極めて安価に製作でき、小規模排水浄化槽へ容易に搭載できる。
さらに、本発明の嫌気処理槽及び好気処理槽を組込んでいる小規模排水浄化槽は、前記した固形リン除去剤を充填したリン除去剤供給装置を備えているので、BOD、T−N、SSの除去とともに、リンも高度に安定して除去することができる。また、リン除去剤供給装置は、高さ調整の確認と固形リン除去剤有無の確認と補充だけで済むので、維持管理が容易である。さらに固形リン除去剤の補充だけなので、ランニングコストの負担を軽減できる。
さらに、本発明の小規模排水浄化槽は、リン除去剤供給装置を好気処理槽から嫌気処理槽への循環水路、または嫌気処理槽から好気処理槽への移流路に組込むことで、新たな水移送ポンプを不要にすることができる。また、特にリン除去剤供給装置を好気処理槽から嫌気処理槽への循環水路に設ける場合、この循環水路を分岐させ、通水量を減じた分岐水路に設けることで、リン除去に見合った必要溶解量の調整をより容易にすることができる。
The solid phosphorus removing agent of the present invention comprises (a) an iron salt or aluminum salt and (b) a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, or (a) an iron salt or aluminum salt, (c) a polysaccharide, and (b) a polyvinyl alcohol. -A composition such as a resin based on a tablet is solid-molded into a tablet, and the tableting of this composition improves the properties of iron salts or aluminum salts that easily dissolve and disappear when contacted with water. You can quality. That is, it can have the property of slow solubility (sustained release) that delays the solubility of the tablet. Further, the solid phosphorus removing agent of the present invention does not contain a eutrophication nitrogen component, and the additive has degradability. Therefore, it can be used as a solid phosphorus removal agent suitable for a small-scale wastewater septic tank.
Further, the phosphorus removing agent supply device of the present invention has a bottomed storage container for storing water, an opening provided in the storage container, filled with a solid phosphorus removing agent, and brought into contact with water at the bottom and / or the lower side of the side. And a height adjusting means for contacting the bottom (low part) of the storage container with water at a predetermined water level height. It is what. As a result, it is possible to secure a necessary amount of dissolution commensurate with phosphorus removal and to further increase the sustained release property. Moreover, since it has a simple container configuration, it can be manufactured at a very low cost and can be easily mounted in a small-scale wastewater septic tank.
Furthermore, since the small-scale waste water purification tank incorporating the anaerobic treatment tank and the aerobic treatment tank of the present invention includes the phosphorus removal agent supply device filled with the above-described solid phosphorus removal agent, BOD, TN, Along with the removal of SS, phosphorus can also be removed with high stability. In addition, since the phosphorus removal agent supply device only needs to confirm height adjustment, confirm the presence or absence of solid phosphorus removal agent, and replenish, it is easy to maintain and manage. Furthermore, since only the replenishment of the solid phosphorus removing agent is performed, the burden of running cost can be reduced.
Furthermore, the small-scale wastewater purification tank of the present invention is a new one by incorporating the phosphorus removal agent supply device into the circulation channel from the aerobic treatment tank to the anaerobic treatment tank or the transfer channel from the anaerobic treatment tank to the aerobic treatment tank. A water transfer pump can be dispensed with. In particular, when a phosphorus removal agent supply device is provided in the circulation channel from the aerobic treatment tank to the anaerobic treatment tank, it is necessary to meet the phosphorus removal by branching this circulation channel and providing it in the branch channel with reduced water flow. The amount of dissolution can be adjusted more easily.

以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
先ず、固形リン除去剤について説明する。固形リン除去剤の最大の特長は、水溶性でリン分(リン酸イオン)と反応して塩を形成する物質を覆い、この物質の徐放性を付与することである。
そして、その主成分としては、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂との物質からなっている。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the solid phosphorus removing agent will be described. The greatest feature of the solid phosphorus removing agent is that it covers a substance that is water-soluble and reacts with phosphorus (phosphate ions) to form a salt, thereby imparting sustained release of this substance.
And as the main component, it consists of the substance of (a) iron salt or aluminum salt, and (b) polyvinyl alcohol-type resin which has a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and an acetyl group, or a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group, and an acetal group.

排水中に含まれるリン分(リン酸イオン)と反応し、不溶性又は難溶性のリン酸塩を形成する(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩には、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸第二鉄、塩化第一鉄、塩化第二鉄及びそれらの水和物等の鉄塩、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸アルミニウムカリウム、硫酸アルミニウムナトリウム及びそれらの水和物等のアルミニウム塩等を挙げられるが、これらの化合物の中では好ましくは非潮解性のものである。   It reacts with the phosphorus content (phosphate ion) contained in the waste water to form an insoluble or sparingly soluble phosphate (a) Iron salts or aluminum salts include ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, chloride chloride Examples include iron salts such as ferrous iron, ferric chloride and their hydrates, aluminum salts such as aluminum sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminum sulfate and their hydrates. Among these compounds, Preferably it is non-deliquescent.

(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂とは、ポリ酢酸ビニルをケン化して水酸基を付与し、さらにはアルデヒドと反応させてアセタール基を付与した樹脂である。なお、これらは下記構造式に示され、ポリ酢酸ビニルを100%ケン化すれば一般式(1)に示すように水酸基を有し、部分ケン化すれば一般式(2)に示すように水酸基及びアセチル基を有し、さらにアセタール化すれば、一般式(3)に示すように水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有する(この場合、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂ともいう)ものになる。これらポリビニルアルコール系樹脂は、水またはイソプロピルアルコール、エチルアルコール、アセトン等の有機溶媒又はこれらの混合溶媒に溶かして用いられる。ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂溶液と鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩の粉体(若しくは微粒子を含む微粉体)とを混練合すると、混合体はペースト状になり、これを乾燥すると、鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩の粒子はポリビニルアルコール系樹脂で覆われるようになる。以下、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂をコーティング剤と称するときもある。   (B) A polyvinyl alcohol resin having a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group and an acetyl group, or a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group and an acetal group, saponifies polyvinyl acetate to give a hydroxyl group, and further reacts with an aldehyde to give an acetal group. Resin. These are shown in the following structural formula. If 100% of polyvinyl acetate is saponified, it has a hydroxyl group as shown in the general formula (1), and if partially saponified, it is a hydroxyl group as shown in the general formula (2). And having an acetyl group and further acetalized, it has a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group, and an acetal group (in this case, also referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin) as shown in the general formula (3). These polyvinyl alcohol resins are used by dissolving in water or an organic solvent such as isopropyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, acetone, or a mixed solvent thereof. When a polyvinyl alcohol resin solution and an iron salt or aluminum salt powder (or fine powder containing fine particles) are kneaded together, the mixture becomes a paste, and when dried, the iron salt or aluminum salt particles become polyvinyl. It becomes covered with alcohol-based resin. Hereinafter, the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is sometimes referred to as a coating agent.

Figure 0004713201
Figure 0004713201

Figure 0004713201
Figure 0004713201

Figure 0004713201
Figure 0004713201

なお、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂は、コーティング、乾燥後は水に溶けにくいものの、長期的には生分解を受け、また、富栄養化成分の一つである窒素成分を含まないので、小規模排水浄化槽には好適といえる。   Polyvinyl alcohol resin is difficult to dissolve in water after coating and drying, but it undergoes biodegradation in the long term and does not contain nitrogen, which is one of the eutrophication components. Can be said to be suitable.

その他にタブレット化する際の離型性をよくするために、滑沢剤を加えてもよい。滑沢剤としてはステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム等のステアリン酸塩、オルト硼酸、安息香酸ナトリウム等を用いることができる。   In addition, a lubricant may be added to improve releasability when tableting. As the lubricant, stearates such as calcium stearate and magnesium stearate, orthoboric acid, sodium benzoate and the like can be used.

また、本発明の固形リン除去剤は、その主成分としては、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、(c)多糖類と、(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂との物質からなっているものでもある。(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩、(b)ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂については、前記したものと同じであるので、説明を省略する。固形リン除去剤は、上記成分に(c)多糖類を加えることにより、タブレットの徐放性をさらに高めることができる。   Moreover, the solid phosphorus removing agent of the present invention has (a) iron salt or aluminum salt, (c) polysaccharide, (b) hydroxyl group, hydroxyl group and acetyl group, or hydroxyl group, acetyl group and It is also made of a substance with a polyvinyl alcohol resin having an acetal group. Since (a) iron salt or aluminum salt and (b) polyvinyl alcohol-based resin are the same as described above, description thereof is omitted. The solid phosphorus removing agent can further enhance the sustained release property of the tablet by adding (c) polysaccharide to the above components.

多糖類としては、澱粉、デキストリン、セルロース又はセロビオースが好ましい。これら物質は、結合剤又は粘結剤としての働きもあり、そして、富栄養化成分の一つである窒素成分を含まず、また、生分解を受けるので、小規模排水浄化槽には好適といえる。そして、前記したと同様、その他にタブレット化する際の離型性をよくするために、滑沢剤を加えてもよい。滑沢剤としてはステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム等のステアリン酸塩、オルト硼酸、安息香酸ナトリウム等を用いることができる。   As the polysaccharide, starch, dextrin, cellulose or cellobiose is preferable. These substances also function as binders or binders, and do not contain nitrogen components, which are one of the eutrophication components, and are biodegradable, so they can be said to be suitable for small-scale wastewater septic tanks. . And as above-mentioned, in order to improve the mold release property at the time of tableting, you may add a lubricant. As the lubricant, stearates such as calcium stearate and magnesium stearate, orthoboric acid, sodium benzoate and the like can be used.

鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂とで成形されるタブレット状の固形リン除去剤の配合量は、鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩を100重量部としたときに、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂1〜15重量部とすることが好ましい。また、鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、多糖類と、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂とで成形されるタブレット状の固形リン除去剤の配合量は、鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩を100重量部としたときに、多糖類1〜15重量部、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂1〜15重量部することが好ましい。なお、これに滑沢剤を加えるときには、その配合量は滑沢剤0.2〜1重量部が加えられる。上記の範囲の配合量とすることによって、タブレットの徐放性を大きく向上させることができる。また、タブレット成形において、滑沢剤を加えると打錠機からの放出性をより向上させることができる。   The compounding amount of the tablet-like solid phosphorus removing agent formed by iron salt or aluminum salt and polyvinyl alcohol resin is 1 to 15 weight polyvinyl alcohol resin when iron salt or aluminum salt is 100 parts by weight. Part. Moreover, the compounding quantity of the tablet-shaped solid phosphorus removal agent shape | molded by iron salt or aluminum salt, polysaccharide, and polyvinyl alcohol-type resin is polysaccharide when iron salt or aluminum salt is 100 weight part. 1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 15 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin. In addition, when adding a lubricant to this, the compounding quantity adds 0.2-1 weight part of lubricants. By making it the compounding quantity of said range, the sustained release property of a tablet can be improved greatly. Moreover, when a lubricant is added in tablet molding, the release from a tableting machine can be further improved.

鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂と、これに滑沢剤とを加えて、成形されるタブレット状の固形リン除去剤は、概ね次ぎの方法によって製造することができる。微粉化した鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、別に溶媒へ溶かしておいたポリビニルアルコール系樹脂溶液とを混練合する。この場合、多くはペースト状になる。これによって、鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩の微細粒子(若しくは紛体)は、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂で被覆、即ちコーティングされる。この際、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂溶液の量が多い場合には、溶媒によって鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩の一部が溶解するが、溶媒蒸発において析出するので、コーティングされる。混練合した後、乾燥を施し、溶媒を蒸発させる。このものを再度、粉砕して微粉化し、これに滑沢剤を加えてよく混合する。次ぎに、この混合微粉体を打錠機によりタブレッティングする。上記の方法によりタブレット状の固形リン除去剤を得ることができる。   A tablet-like solid phosphorus removing agent formed by adding an iron salt or aluminum salt, a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, and a lubricant to the resin can be produced by the following method. The finely divided iron salt or aluminum salt is kneaded with a polyvinyl alcohol resin solution that has been separately dissolved in a solvent. In this case, most of the paste becomes paste. As a result, fine particles (or powder) of the iron salt or aluminum salt are coated with the polyvinyl alcohol resin. At this time, when the amount of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin solution is large, a part of the iron salt or aluminum salt is dissolved by the solvent, but is deposited by evaporation of the solvent. After kneading, drying is performed and the solvent is evaporated. This material is pulverized again to make a fine powder, and a lubricant is added to this and mixed well. Next, this mixed fine powder is tableted with a tableting machine. A tablet-like solid phosphorus removing agent can be obtained by the above method.

また、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、(c)多糖類と、(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂と、これに滑沢剤とを加えて成形されるタブレット状の固形リン除去剤は、先ず、鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と多糖類とを良く混合して微粉化し、後は前記と同様の方法で製造することができる。   (A) iron salt or aluminum salt, (c) polysaccharide, (b) polyvinyl alcohol resin having hydroxyl group, hydroxyl group and acetyl group, hydroxyl group, acetyl group and acetal group, and lubricant The tablet-like solid phosphorus removing agent formed by adding the iron salt or the aluminum salt and the polysaccharide first to be finely pulverized, and then can be produced by the same method as described above.

次ぎに、本発明のリン除去剤供給装置について説明する。図1は本発明のリン除去剤供給装置の一例を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は(a)のA−A面における縦断面図である。リン除去剤供給装置1は、水(または被処理水)が流入出する流入口2および流出口3を有し、水を蓄えるための有底の貯留容器4がある。この貯留容器4の内側には、固形リン除去剤5が収納されるとともに、底面又は側面下部のどちらかに、あるいは底面と側面下部の両方に、水と接触させる開口6を設けた収納容器7を配置させている。前記貯留容器4と収納容器7とは、支持体8−1、8−2によって係着させている。さらにリン除去剤供給装置1には、収納容器7の底部を所定の水位高さで水と接触するように高さ調整手段を設けている。   Next, the phosphorus removal agent supply device of the present invention will be described. 1A and 1B show an example of a phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the plane AA of FIG. The phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus 1 has an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 through which water (or treated water) flows in and out, and has a bottomed storage container 4 for storing water. Inside the storage container 4, a solid phosphorus removing agent 5 is stored, and a storage container 7 provided with an opening 6 that is in contact with water on either the bottom surface or the lower part of the side surface or on both the bottom surface and the lower side surface. Is placed. The storage container 4 and the storage container 7 are engaged by supports 8-1 and 8-2. Further, the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1 is provided with a height adjusting means so that the bottom of the storage container 7 comes into contact with water at a predetermined water level height.

さらに、リン除去剤供給装置1について詳述する。図1では、リン除去剤供給装置1は円筒形を示している。この場合は、収納容器7の底部を所定の水位高さで水と接触するように施した高さ調整手段が、収納容器7を左右方向に回動(または回転)させて高さを変移させるようにしたものである。収納容器7を回動させるために、支持体8−1は、貯留容器4の側壁と外胴9とに4ヶ所で係着させている。また、支持体8−2は、貯留容器4の底面と外胴9の下端面とに4ヶ所で係着させている。なお、支持体8−1および支持体8−2は、外胴9を介して収納容器7を支持するものであり、この収納容器7を支持できる構造であればよく、したがって、この構造に限定されるものではない。収納容器7は、外胴9と螺合させてあり、したがって、収納容器7を左右方向に回動させることができ、これによって、収納容器7は上下方向に変移させることができる。   Furthermore, the phosphorus remover supply device 1 will be described in detail. In FIG. 1, the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus 1 has a cylindrical shape. In this case, the height adjusting means applied so that the bottom of the storage container 7 is in contact with water at a predetermined water level height rotates (or rotates) the storage container 7 in the left-right direction to change the height. It is what I did. In order to rotate the storage container 7, the support body 8-1 is engaged with the side wall of the storage container 4 and the outer body 9 at four positions. Further, the support body 8-2 is engaged with the bottom surface of the storage container 4 and the lower end surface of the outer body 9 at four places. In addition, the support body 8-1 and the support body 8-2 support the storage container 7 via the outer trunk | drum 9, What is necessary is just a structure which can support this storage container 7, Therefore, it is limited to this structure Is not to be done. The storage container 7 is screwed with the outer body 9, and therefore, the storage container 7 can be rotated in the left-right direction, whereby the storage container 7 can be shifted in the up-down direction.

収納容器7の底面には、開口6が設けてあり、水位を底面より僅か上方になるように収納容器7の高さ調整をすると、貯留容器4の水位と一致するように水が開口6から侵入する。併せて、水は固形リン除去剤5の最下端付近と接触するが、これによって固形リン除去剤5の接水部が徐々に溶解し、開口6から貯留容器4の水側へ移動する。これが継続されることによって、固形リン除去剤5は、下部から徐々に溶解し消失していくため、その上方にある固形リン除去剤5が自重により、逐次、下方へ移動していくものである。開口6を有する底面(底板)は、図1では多数の穴を設けたパンチング板を示しているが、メッシュ状、スリット状等であってもよい。開口6は、収納容器7の側面下部に設けることもできる。この場合も、収納容器7の側面下部に、穴、メッシュ又はスリット等の開口を設ければよい。   An opening 6 is provided on the bottom surface of the storage container 7, and when the height of the storage container 7 is adjusted so that the water level is slightly above the bottom surface, water flows from the opening 6 so as to coincide with the water level of the storage container 4. invade. At the same time, the water comes into contact with the vicinity of the lowermost end of the solid phosphorus removing agent 5, whereby the water contact portion of the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 gradually dissolves and moves from the opening 6 to the water side of the storage container 4. When this is continued, the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 gradually dissolves and disappears from the lower part, so that the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 above it is successively moved downward by its own weight. . The bottom surface (bottom plate) having the opening 6 is a punching plate provided with a large number of holes in FIG. 1, but may be a mesh shape, a slit shape, or the like. The opening 6 can also be provided in the lower part of the side surface of the storage container 7. Also in this case, an opening such as a hole, a mesh, or a slit may be provided in the lower part of the side surface of the storage container 7.

本発明に係る固形リン除去剤5は、図1では、円柱状に成形したタブレットを初期の充填で4ヶ所、縦方向4段に積み重ねている状態を示している。タブレットの形状や充填状態等は、これに限定されるものではなく、保持時間、大きさ、形状、成形性等、設計段階において適宜決定されるものである。なお、固形リン除去剤5の残存確認、補充などの維持管理をしやすくするために、収納容器7の上面には蓋10を設けている。蓋10は、全体を取り外すことができるように設けてもよく、上面の一部に開閉できる蓋を設けてもよい。   In FIG. 1, the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 according to the present invention shows a state where tablets formed in a columnar shape are stacked at four locations in the initial filling in four stages in the vertical direction. The shape, filling state, and the like of the tablet are not limited to these, and are appropriately determined at the design stage, such as holding time, size, shape, and formability. In addition, a lid 10 is provided on the upper surface of the storage container 7 in order to facilitate maintenance and management such as confirmation and replenishment of the residual solid phosphorus removing agent 5. The lid 10 may be provided so that the entire lid 10 can be removed, or a lid that can be opened and closed may be provided on a part of the upper surface.

図2は、収納容器7の底部を所定の水位高さで水と接触するように施した高さ調整手段について、別の例を示すものである。(a)は図1(b)と類似する縦断面図、(b)は(a)のB−B矢視面における縦断面図である。この場合、収納容器7と外胴9とは固着接続している。したがって、外胴9を取り除き、支持体8−1、8−2を介して貯留容器4と収納容器7とを直接、接続することもできる。水位高さの調整手段は、流出口3の入口部位に螺着させた流出キャップ11を回動(または回転)させるものである。即ち、流出キャップ11には、水が越流する開口部12が設けてあり、流出キャップ11を左右に回動すると開口部12の越流高さが変わり、これによって貯留容器4内の水位を調整するものである。なお、収納容器7の構造等は、図1と同様であるので説明を省略する。   FIG. 2 shows another example of the height adjusting means provided so that the bottom of the storage container 7 is in contact with water at a predetermined water level height. (A) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view similar to FIG.1 (b), (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the BB arrow surface of (a). In this case, the storage container 7 and the outer trunk 9 are fixedly connected. Therefore, the outer trunk 9 can be removed, and the storage container 4 and the storage container 7 can be directly connected via the supports 8-1 and 8-2. The water level height adjusting means rotates (or rotates) the outflow cap 11 screwed into the inlet portion of the outflow port 3. In other words, the outflow cap 11 is provided with an opening 12 through which water overflows, and when the outflow cap 11 is rotated to the left and right, the overflow height of the opening 12 changes, and thereby the water level in the storage container 4 is changed. To be adjusted. The structure of the storage container 7 is the same as that shown in FIG.

ここで、小規模排水浄化槽は、少なくとも4カ月に一回以上の頻度で維持管理するように決められているため、収納容器7には4カ月程度持つように固形リン除去剤5が充填される。したがって、収納容器7は、維持管理の頻度に見合った大きさの容量以上であることが好ましい。   Here, since the small-scale wastewater septic tank is determined to be maintained and managed at least once every four months, the storage container 7 is filled with the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 so as to have about four months. . Therefore, it is preferable that the storage container 7 has a capacity equal to or larger than the capacity corresponding to the frequency of maintenance.

次に、リン除去剤供給装置を備える小規模排水浄化槽について説明する。
図3は、本発明の嫌気処理槽、好気処理槽を組込んでいる浄化槽に、リン除去剤供給装置を備える小規模排水浄化槽を示す一例であり、(a)は概略平面図、(b)は(a)のC−C矢視面の概略断面図である。小規模排水浄化槽20は、少なくとも嫌気処理槽(第一の嫌気処理槽21、第二の嫌気処理槽22)、好気処理槽23を組み込んで、これらの槽を一体化したものであり、その内側上部の空間にはリン除去剤供給装置1を備えている。
Next, a small-scale wastewater septic tank provided with a phosphorus removing agent supply device will be described.
FIG. 3 is an example showing a small-scale wastewater purification tank equipped with a phosphorus removal agent supply device in a purification tank incorporating the anaerobic treatment tank and aerobic treatment tank of the present invention, (a) is a schematic plan view, (b) ) Is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of (a). The small-scale wastewater purification tank 20 incorporates at least an anaerobic treatment tank (first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and second anaerobic treatment tank 22) and an aerobic treatment tank 23, and these tanks are integrated. A phosphorus removal agent supply device 1 is provided in the space inside the upper part.

ここで、リン除去剤供給装置1は、好気処理槽23を経た後の移流水を第一の嫌気処理槽21へ返送する循環水路24に備えることが好ましい。固形リン除去剤5が硫酸第一鉄のように2価を主剤とする場合、溶存酸素があるとか、または酸化還元電位の高い状態にあるほうが3価に酸化されやすいからである。図3では好気処理槽23を経た後の移流水は、開口50を通り移流管25に入る。そして、循環水は、移流管25内に設けている循環用ポンプ26によって汲み上げられ、その上部で接続される循環水路24を流下してリン除去剤供給装置1に入る。ここで、循環水は固形リン除去剤5と接触した後、流入バッフル27を介して、第一の嫌気処理槽21に入る。なお、リン除去剤供給装置1は、第一の嫌気処理槽21の上部空間部で、また、マンホール(マンホールカバー28)の位置する部位に配置させているが、第二の嫌気処理槽22の上部空間部でマンホールの部位に配置させることもできる。いずれの場合も、固形リン除去剤5を補充する都合上、マンホールの直下となる部位が好ましい。   Here, it is preferable that the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1 includes a circulating water channel 24 that returns the advection water after passing through the aerobic treatment tank 23 to the first anaerobic treatment tank 21. This is because when the solid phosphorus removal agent 5 is mainly divalent like ferrous sulfate, it is more easily oxidized to trivalent if there is dissolved oxygen or is in a state with a higher oxidation-reduction potential. In FIG. 3, the advection water after passing through the aerobic treatment tank 23 enters the advection pipe 25 through the opening 50. Then, the circulating water is pumped up by a circulation pump 26 provided in the advection pipe 25, and flows down the circulating water passage 24 connected at the upper part thereof and enters the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1. Here, the circulating water enters the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 through the inflow baffle 27 after contacting the solid phosphorus removing agent 5. In addition, although the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus 1 is arrange | positioned in the site | part in which the manhole (manhole cover 28) is located in the upper space part of the 1st anaerobic treatment tank 21, the 2nd anaerobic treatment tank 22 It can also be arranged at a manhole site in the upper space. In any case, for the convenience of replenishing the solid phosphorus removing agent 5, a portion immediately below the manhole is preferable.

リン除去剤供給装置1内の固形リン除去剤5を溶解させる量は、溶解速度、循環水との接触面積および循環水量によって決めることができる。したがって、リン除去剤供給装置1では、循環水の全量と接触させる必要はない。そのため、循環水路24は分岐させ、この分岐水路29にリン除去剤供給装置1を配置させることが好ましい(図3ではこの配置を示している)。さらには、リン除去剤供給装置1の流入側の分岐水路29に、水路開閉手段を設けて、循環水を間欠的に移流させることが好ましい。図3では、水路開閉手段として、電磁弁30を設けている例を示しているが、電動弁であってもよい。なお、電磁弁30等の水路開閉手段は、タイマー31の指令により間欠的に作動させることができる。   The amount in which the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 in the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1 is dissolved can be determined by the dissolution rate, the contact area with the circulating water, and the amount of circulating water. Therefore, in the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus 1, it is not necessary to contact with the whole amount of circulating water. Therefore, it is preferable that the circulation water channel 24 is branched and the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1 is arranged in the branch water channel 29 (this arrangement is shown in FIG. 3). Furthermore, it is preferable that a water channel opening / closing means is provided in the branch water channel 29 on the inflow side of the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1 to circulate the circulating water intermittently. Although FIG. 3 shows an example in which the electromagnetic valve 30 is provided as the water channel opening / closing means, an electric valve may be used. Note that the water channel opening / closing means such as the electromagnetic valve 30 can be intermittently actuated by a command from the timer 31.

ここで、小規模排水浄化槽20のリン除去機構を説明する。好気処理槽23を経由すると、排水中のリン分のほとんどは、リン酸イオンとして存在する。そこで、好気処理を経た移流水は、移流管25内の循環用ポンプ26で汲み上げられ、循環水路24を流下する。電磁弁30が開のとき、循環水の一部は分岐水路29から電磁弁30を通りリン除去剤供給装置1に入る。ここで、固形リン除去剤5と接触した循環水は、固形リン除去剤5の一部を溶解させる。循環水中のリン酸イオンは、溶出した鉄イオン又はアルミニウムイオンと反応して不溶性又は難溶性の塩を形成する。このような塩を含んだ循環水は、リン除去剤供給装置1を出て、流入バッフル27を経由して第一の嫌気処理槽21に入る。第一の嫌気処理槽21に入った循環水は、槽内水と混合されるが、この際、循環水に含まれるリン酸塩粒子は槽内水中の浮遊物質(SS)と凝集する、または汚泥等に混ざり付着して分離、蓄積される、即ち、リンが除去される。   Here, the phosphorus removal mechanism of the small-scale wastewater septic tank 20 will be described. When passing through the aerobic treatment tank 23, most of the phosphorus content in the wastewater exists as phosphate ions. Therefore, the advection water that has undergone the aerobic treatment is pumped up by the circulation pump 26 in the advection pipe 25 and flows down through the circulation water channel 24. When the solenoid valve 30 is open, a part of the circulating water enters the phosphorus remover supply device 1 from the branch water channel 29 through the solenoid valve 30. Here, the circulating water in contact with the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 dissolves a part of the solid phosphorus removing agent 5. The phosphate ions in the circulating water react with the eluted iron ions or aluminum ions to form an insoluble or hardly soluble salt. Circulating water containing such salt leaves the phosphorus removal agent supply device 1 and enters the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 via the inflow baffle 27. The circulating water that has entered the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 is mixed with the in-tank water. At this time, phosphate particles contained in the circulating water aggregate with suspended substances (SS) in the in-tank water, or It is mixed and adhered to sludge and separated and accumulated, that is, phosphorus is removed.

上記において、循環水は、排水の流入に関係なく、多くの場合、窒素除去のために連続的に好気処理槽23から、第一の嫌気処理槽21、第二の嫌気処理槽22、好気処理槽23へと循環させている。したがって、循環水の全量がリン除去剤供給装置1を経由すると、必要量以上に固形リン除去剤5が溶解する場合もある。そこで、固形リン除去剤5から適量を溶解させるために、リン除去剤供給装置1の収納容器7の底部を所定の水位高さで水と接触するように高さ調整する、または循環水の一部を分岐水路29へ通水させ、少量の水と接触させるようにしている。なお、リン除去剤供給装置1を出た循環水は、第二の嫌気処理槽22へ返送するようにしてもよい。   In the above, the circulating water is often continuously fed from the aerobic treatment tank 23 to the first anaerobic treatment tank 21, the second anaerobic treatment tank 22, and the like to remove nitrogen regardless of the inflow of waste water. It is circulated to the gas treatment tank 23. Therefore, when the total amount of circulating water passes through the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1, the solid phosphorus removing agent 5 may be dissolved in excess of the necessary amount. Therefore, in order to dissolve an appropriate amount from the solid phosphorus removing agent 5, the height of the bottom of the storage container 7 of the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1 is adjusted so as to come into contact with water at a predetermined water level or one of circulating water. The water is passed through the branch water channel 29 and brought into contact with a small amount of water. In addition, you may make it return the circulating water which left the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus 1 to the 2nd anaerobic treatment tank 22. FIG.

次に、小規模排水浄化槽20を更に詳しく説明する。
嫌気処理槽は、第一の嫌気処理槽21と第二の嫌気処理槽22とで構成され、第一の嫌気処理槽21には、排水流入口32が設けられている。また、排水流入口32の下方には、上部及び下部が開口する箱状の流入バッフル27が設けられ、排水流入口32と反対側の仕切り壁には移流管33(若しくは移流口)が設けられている。第一の嫌気処理槽21は、流入する排水中の沈降しやすい固形物を沈殿分離させ、これを槽底部で濃縮貯留させる。このとき、槽底部に貯留する汚泥の一部は嫌気的生物反応によってスカムとなり、浮上して槽上部にて貯留される。また、濾床34では、嫌気的生物反応を進行させる。併せて、循環水路24(又は分岐水路29)から移流する循環水も混合され、生成したリン酸塩粒子は、汚泥やSSとともに分離、蓄積される。
Next, the small-scale wastewater septic tank 20 will be described in more detail.
The anaerobic treatment tank includes a first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and a second anaerobic treatment tank 22, and the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 is provided with a drainage inlet 32. Further, a box-shaped inflow baffle 27 having an upper portion and a lower portion is provided below the drainage inlet 32, and a convection pipe 33 (or advection port) is provided on the partition wall opposite to the drainage inlet 32. ing. The first anaerobic treatment tank 21 precipitates and separates solid matter that tends to settle in the inflowing waste water, and concentrates and stores this at the bottom of the tank. At this time, a part of the sludge stored at the bottom of the tank becomes scum by an anaerobic biological reaction, rises and is stored at the top of the tank. Moreover, in the filter bed 34, an anaerobic biological reaction is advanced. At the same time, the circulating water transferred from the circulating water channel 24 (or the branch water channel 29) is also mixed, and the generated phosphate particles are separated and accumulated together with sludge and SS.

第二の嫌気処理槽22は、第一の嫌気処理槽21と同様な処理機能を持たせ、スカム化による槽上部での汚泥貯留、濾床35での嫌気的生物反応、及び、槽底部に沈殿した汚泥の貯留を行う。併せて残留するリン酸塩粒子も汚泥とともに分離、蓄積される。好気処理槽23側の仕切り壁には、移流管36が設けられ、この移流管36内には移送ポンプ37が取り付けられている。以上の嫌気処理槽(第一の嫌気処理槽21、第二の嫌気処理槽22)にて、有機物の分解に伴い被処理水に含まれる蛋白質由来等の窒素分の多くはアンモニア態窒素に転換される。なお、濾床34及び濾床35は、必ずしも必要なものでなく、取り除くこともできる。   The second anaerobic treatment tank 22 has a processing function similar to that of the first anaerobic treatment tank 21, and stores sludge in the upper part of the tank by scumming, an anaerobic biological reaction in the filter bed 35, and the bottom of the tank. Store sedimented sludge. In addition, the remaining phosphate particles are separated and accumulated together with the sludge. An advection pipe 36 is provided on the partition wall on the aerobic treatment tank 23 side, and a transfer pump 37 is attached in the advection pipe 36. In the above anaerobic treatment tanks (first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and second anaerobic treatment tank 22), most of the nitrogen content such as protein derived from the water to be treated is converted to ammonia nitrogen as the organic matter is decomposed. Is done. In addition, the filter bed 34 and the filter bed 35 are not necessarily required, and can be removed.

第一の嫌気処理槽21及び第二の嫌気処理槽22のそれぞれの上部には、流入する排水の変動を緩和させ次槽へ移流させるために、液水準が最高水位(H.W.L)及び最低水位(L.W.L)の間で変動可能な流量調整部38を設けている。この場合、第一の嫌気処理槽21と第二の嫌気処理槽22との水位は、排水の流入量が移送ポンプ37の送液量よりも多いか少ないかによってL.W.LとH.W.Lとの間を変動する。小規模排水浄化槽20は、流量調整部38を設けることにより、排水の流入量が平均化され、嫌気処理槽(第一の嫌気処理槽21、第二の嫌気処理槽22)、好気処理槽23等の、各槽のそれぞれの機能は良好に発揮される。なお、移送ポンプ37は、本実施例ではブロワ39から送気される空気を用いるエアリフトポンプであるが、密閉容器に空気を圧送させる間欠定量ポンプ、電動による水中ポンプ等を用いることもできる。   In each upper part of the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and the second anaerobic treatment tank 22, the liquid level is the highest water level (HWL) in order to reduce the fluctuation of the inflowing wastewater and transfer it to the next tank. And a flow rate adjusting unit 38 that can vary between the lowest water level (LWL). In this case, the water level of the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and the second anaerobic treatment tank 22 depends on whether the inflow amount of the waste water is larger or smaller than the liquid feed amount of the transfer pump 37. W. L and H.H. W. It fluctuates between L. The small-scale waste water purification tank 20 is provided with a flow rate adjusting unit 38 to average the amount of inflow of waste water, and anaerobic treatment tanks (first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and second anaerobic treatment tank 22), an aerobic treatment tank. Each function of each tank, such as 23, is performed well. The transfer pump 37 is an air lift pump that uses air supplied from the blower 39 in this embodiment, but an intermittent metering pump that pumps air into a sealed container, an electric submersible pump, or the like can also be used.

好気処理槽23は、曝気するための散気管40を底部に配置し、ブロワ39から送気される空気を噴出させる。また、好気処理槽23は、微生物付着材(担体、微生物担体、接触材、接触濾材ともいう)を充填した床を形成している。ここで、微生物付着材を充填した床は、微生物付着材が噴出する空気によって液と共に流動する流動床、液のみが動く固定床、又は、流動床と固定床の両方を組み込んだものであってもよい。好気処理槽23は曝気を行い、(微生物が付着している)微生物付着材と液とが十分に混ざるようにし、あるいは、微生物付着材と液とが積極的に接触するようにし、これによって有機物を酸化・分解し、アンモニア態窒素が硝化(亜硝酸イオン、硝酸イオン)し、リン分はリン酸イオンになる。   In the aerobic treatment tank 23, an air diffuser 40 for aeration is disposed at the bottom, and the air supplied from the blower 39 is ejected. The aerobic treatment tank 23 forms a bed filled with a microorganism adhesion material (also referred to as a carrier, a microorganism carrier, a contact material, or a contact filter material). Here, the bed filled with the microorganism adhesion material is a fluidized bed that flows together with the liquid by the air ejected from the microorganism adhesion material, a fixed bed in which only the liquid moves, or a combination of both the fluidized bed and the fixed bed. Also good. The aerobic treatment tank 23 performs aeration so that the microorganism-adhering material (with microorganisms attached) and the liquid are sufficiently mixed, or the microorganism-adhering material and the liquid are in positive contact with each other. Organic matter is oxidized and decomposed, ammonia nitrogen is nitrified (nitrite ion, nitrate ion), and phosphorus content becomes phosphate ion.

微生物付着材の形状は、板状、網板状、ヘチマ状、多孔質状、筒状、棒状、骨格球状、紐状、更には粒状、不定形な塊状、立方体状、繊維塊状等の種々の形状に加工したものを用いることができる。流動床には、これら微生物付着材のうち、比較的小さく流動しやすい形状のものが好ましく用いられ、また、固定床には、付着する微生物や粒子等によって閉塞しにくく固定しやすい形状のものが好ましく用いられる。微生物付着材の材質は、塩化ビニリデン、ポリビニルフォルマール、ポリウレタン、メラミン樹脂等の合成樹脂製加工物、セラミックス、珪砂等の無機製加工物、アンスラサイト等の化石加工物、活性炭等で比重が約1又は1以上のもの、また、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリスチレン等で、比重が約1又は1以下のもののいずれも用いることができる。   The shape of the microorganism-adhering material can be various, such as plate-like, net-plate-like, loofah-like, porous, cylindrical, rod-like, skeletal spherical, string-like, and granular, irregular lump, cube, fiber lump, etc. What was processed into the shape can be used. Of these microorganism-adhering materials, those having a shape that is relatively small and easy to flow are preferably used for the fluidized bed, and those having a shape that is difficult to block and fix by the adhering microorganisms or particles are used for the fixed bed. Preferably used. The material of the microorganism adhesion material is made of synthetic resin such as vinylidene chloride, polyvinyl formal, polyurethane and melamine resin, inorganic processed material such as ceramics and silica sand, fossil processed material such as anthracite, activated carbon, etc. Any one having one or more, a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polystyrene, and the like having a specific gravity of about 1 or 1 or less can be used.

好気処理槽23の一画には、底部付近に開口50を有する移流管25があり、その移流管25内には循環用ポンプ26が立設され、また、移流管25にほぼ隣接するように好気処理槽23の上部に、濾過槽51、移流管52が配置され、そして移流管52と隣接するように消毒槽53が配置され、さらに消毒槽53には放流口55を臨ませている。好気処理を経た移流水は、開口50から移流管25に入り、一部は循環用ポンプ26で汲み上げられ、循環水路24を流下し、リン除去剤供給装置1、第一の嫌気処理槽21へと至る。循環水を返送させることにより、リン酸イオンの除去の他に、好気処理槽23で浮遊しているSSまたは底部に沈殿している汚泥を引抜くことができることや、亜硝酸態窒素、硝酸態窒素がある場合には第一の嫌気処理槽21、第二の嫌気処理槽22にて生物的作用によって脱窒素もできる。   One section of the aerobic treatment tank 23 includes a convection pipe 25 having an opening 50 near the bottom, and a circulation pump 26 is provided in the convection pipe 25 so as to be substantially adjacent to the convection pipe 25. In the upper part of the aerobic treatment tank 23, a filtration tank 51 and an advection pipe 52 are arranged, and a disinfection tank 53 is arranged so as to be adjacent to the advection pipe 52. Further, the discharge port 55 faces the disinfection tank 53. Yes. The advection water that has undergone aerobic treatment enters the advection pipe 25 through the opening 50, and a part thereof is pumped up by the circulation pump 26, flows down through the circulation water channel 24, the phosphorus removal agent supply device 1, and the first anaerobic treatment tank 21. It leads to. By returning the circulating water, in addition to the removal of phosphate ions, SS floating in the aerobic treatment tank 23 or sludge settled on the bottom can be drawn, nitrite nitrogen, nitric acid When nitrogen is present, denitrification can be performed by biological action in the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and the second anaerobic treatment tank 22.

移流管25の移流水の一部は、移流管25の上部から濾過槽51に入り、移流水中のSSが捕捉除去され、SSに起因するBOD分の除去や透明度の向上が図られる。なお、濾材が充填されている濾過層では、生物的処理も僅かながら発現される。濾過槽51は、SSの捕捉によって徐々に閉塞するため、閉塞する前に濾過層の洗浄を実施するバブリング管(図示省略)、洗浄排水引き抜きポンプ(図3ではエアリフトポンプを示す)54が配置されている。バブリング管および洗浄排水引き抜きポンプ54には、ブロワ39から送気される空気を噴出させる。移流管52からの移流水は、消毒槽53で消毒され、放流口55から処理水として放流される。   A part of the advection water in the advection pipe 25 enters the filtration tank 51 from the upper part of the advection pipe 25, and SS in the advection water is captured and removed, so that removal of BOD due to SS and improvement in transparency are achieved. In addition, in the filtration layer with which the filter medium is filled, biological treatment is also expressed slightly. Since the filtration tank 51 is gradually closed by the capture of the SS, a bubbling pipe (not shown) for cleaning the filtration layer and a washing drain pump (showing an air lift pump in FIG. 3) 54 are arranged before the filtration tank 51 is closed. ing. Air that is supplied from the blower 39 is ejected to the bubbling pipe and the cleaning drainage pump 54. The advection water from the advection pipe 52 is sterilized in the disinfection tank 53 and discharged from the discharge port 55 as treated water.

次に小規模排水浄化槽20の運転方法を説明する。流入排水は、図3中の実線矢印で示すとおり、排水流入口32から第一の嫌気処理槽21に入り、そこで固液分離及び嫌気的生物処理が行われる。ここを通過した移流水は、第二の嫌気処理槽22に入り、さらに固液分離及び嫌気的生物処理が進む。また、流量調整部38において、第一の嫌気処理槽21及び第二の嫌気処理槽22へ流入する排水量の変動を吸収・緩和しながら、排水を移送ポンプ37で次の好気処理槽23へ定量的に移送する。   Next, the operation method of the small-scale wastewater septic tank 20 will be described. The inflow wastewater enters the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 from the drainage inlet 32 as shown by the solid line arrows in FIG. 3, where solid-liquid separation and anaerobic biological treatment are performed. The advection water that has passed through this enters the second anaerobic treatment tank 22 and further undergoes solid-liquid separation and anaerobic biological treatment. Further, in the flow rate adjustment unit 38, the wastewater is transferred to the next aerobic treatment tank 23 by the transfer pump 37 while absorbing and mitigating fluctuations in the amount of wastewater flowing into the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and the second anaerobic treatment tank 22. Transport quantitatively.

好気処理槽23に流入する移流水は、散気管40から吐出される空気及び微生物付着材によって、好気的生物分解を受ける。分解された排水中の有機物の一部は、微生物に摂取され、微生物付着材に付着し、一部は液中に浮遊してSSとして存在する。好気処理槽23を出た移流水は、下部の開口50から移流管25に入る。ここで移流水は、一部が循環用ポンプ26によって連続又は間欠的に循環水路24を介してリン除去剤供給装置1に移送され、リン除去剤供給装置1において、リン酸イオンがリン酸塩になり、循環水とともに第一の嫌気処理槽21に返送される。残り分の移流水は移流管25の上部の越流口(図示省略)から濾過槽51へ入る。濾過処理された移流水は、移流管52から消毒槽53に入り消毒され、放流口55から系外へ放流される。   The advection water flowing into the aerobic treatment tank 23 is subjected to aerobic biodegradation by the air discharged from the aeration tube 40 and the microorganism adhesion material. Part of the decomposed organic matter in the wastewater is taken up by microorganisms and adheres to the microorganism-adhering material, and partly floats in the liquid and exists as SS. The advection water exiting the aerobic treatment tank 23 enters the advection pipe 25 through the lower opening 50. Here, a part of the advection water is transferred to the phosphorus removal agent supply device 1 through the circulation water channel 24 continuously or intermittently by the circulation pump 26, and phosphate ions are converted into phosphate in the phosphorus removal agent supply device 1. And returned to the first anaerobic treatment tank 21 together with the circulating water. The remaining advection water enters the filtration tank 51 from an overflow port (not shown) at the top of the advection pipe 25. The filtered advection water enters the disinfection tank 53 from the advection pipe 52 and is sterilized, and is discharged out of the system from the outlet 55.

次に、リン除去剤供給装置を嫌気処理槽から好気処理槽へ移流水が移流する水路に備える、小規模排水浄化槽について説明する。図4は本発明の小規模排水浄化槽を示す一例であり、(a)は概略平面図、(b)は(a)のD−D矢視面の概略断面図である。小規模排水浄化槽20の基本的構成は、図3と同様にして、少なくとも嫌気処理槽(第一の嫌気処理槽21、第二の嫌気処理槽22)、好気処理槽23を組み込んで、これらの槽を一体化したものである。嫌気処理槽から好気処理槽23へ移流水が移流する水路に、リン除去剤供給装置1を配置させると、固形リン除去剤5が硫酸第一鉄のように2価の場合は、好気処理槽23において溶存酸素により2価から3価へと容易に酸化される。   Next, a small-scale drainage septic tank provided with a phosphorus removal agent supply device in a water channel through which advection water advancing from the anaerobic treatment tank to the aerobic treatment tank will be described. FIG. 4 is an example showing a small-scale wastewater septic tank of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic plan view, and (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the DD line in (a). The basic configuration of the small-scale wastewater purification tank 20 is similar to that shown in FIG. 3, and includes at least an anaerobic treatment tank (first anaerobic treatment tank 21 and second anaerobic treatment tank 22) and an aerobic treatment tank 23. The tank is integrated. When the phosphorus removal agent supply device 1 is disposed in a water channel where advection water is transferred from the anaerobic treatment tank 23 to the aerobic treatment tank 23, the solid phosphorus removal agent 5 is aerobic in the case where it is bivalent like ferrous sulfate. In the treatment tank 23, it is easily oxidized from divalent to trivalent by dissolved oxygen.

ここで、小規模排水浄化槽20は、図3と同様であるので、図3と異なる点および要点について説明する。嫌気処理槽のうち、第二の嫌気処理槽22の移流部には移流管36が設けられ、この移流管36内には移送ポンプ37が設けられている。移送ポンプ37で上部へ揚水された槽内水が好気処理槽23へ移流する水路には、リン除去剤供給装置1が設けられている。リン除去剤供給装置1の後段には、溶解した固形リン除去剤5と移流水に含まれるリン酸イオンとを反応させる好気処理槽23が配置されている。好気処理槽23では、リン酸イオンと鉄イオン又はアルミニウムイオンとの反応性を高めるため、また、好気的生物処理を行うために、ブロワ39から送られる空気で撹拌、曝気する散気管40を設けている。生成したリン酸塩の粒子は、微生物付着材に付着したり、または存在するSSと凝集して後段の濾過槽51で捕捉除去される、あるいは、循環ポンプ26によって、嫌気処理槽へ返送され、ここで分離、蓄積される。なお、濾過槽51で捕捉除去されたものは、濾過槽51の洗浄排水として嫌気処理槽へ返送され、同様に分離、蓄積される。   Here, since the small-scale drainage septic tank 20 is the same as that in FIG. 3, differences and essential points from FIG. 3 will be described. Among the anaerobic treatment tanks, the advection pipe 36 is provided in the advection portion of the second anaerobic treatment tank 22, and the transfer pump 37 is provided in the advection pipe 36. The phosphorus removal agent supply device 1 is provided in the water channel through which the tank water pumped upward by the transfer pump 37 flows to the aerobic treatment tank 23. An aerobic treatment tank 23 for reacting the dissolved solid phosphorus removing agent 5 and phosphate ions contained in the advection water is disposed at the subsequent stage of the phosphorus removing agent supply device 1. In the aerobic treatment tank 23, in order to increase the reactivity between phosphate ions and iron ions or aluminum ions, and to perform aerobic biological treatment, a diffuser tube 40 that is agitated and aerated with air sent from the blower 39. Is provided. The produced phosphate particles adhere to the microorganism adhesion material, or aggregate with existing SS and are captured and removed by the subsequent filtration tank 51, or returned to the anaerobic treatment tank by the circulation pump 26, It is separated and accumulated here. In addition, what was captured and removed by the filtration tank 51 is returned to the anaerobic treatment tank as washing waste water of the filtration tank 51, and is similarly separated and accumulated.

小規模排水浄化槽20の運転方法は、図3と同様であるので、説明を省略する。   Since the operation method of the small-scale wastewater septic tank 20 is the same as that of FIG. 3, description is abbreviate | omitted.

(実施例1〜3)
リン酸イオンと反応する硫酸第一鉄七水和物(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)と、コーティング剤の水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、エスレックKS)とからなる、固形リン除去剤のタブレット化(錠剤化)を次ぎの工程より実施した。先ず硫酸第一鉄七水和物を乳鉢で粉化した。また、エスレックKSは、アセトンで膨潤後(エスレックKS10gに対しアセトンを45g)、水とエタノールの混合溶媒(50/50体積比)に溶解し、10重量%の溶媒溶液とした。上記粉化した硫酸第一鉄七水和物と溶解したエスレックKSとを混練合した。次ぎに乾燥した後、乳鉢で粉化した。この混合粉体5gをハンドプレス型錠剤成形器により、圧力約9KNで加圧した結果、直径20mm、高さ約10.5mmの円柱状のタブレットを得た。表1に各組成物の配合割合を示した。実施例1では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、エスレックKS 4重量部、実施例2では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、エスレックKS 6重量部、実施例3では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、エスレックKS 8重量部をそれぞれ配合した。
(Examples 1-3)
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1) that reacts with phosphate ions, and polyvinyl alcohol-based polyvinyl acetal resins having hydroxyl, acetyl, and acetal groups as coating agents (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) The tableting (tabletization) of the solid phosphorus remover consisting of company-made, ESREC KS) was carried out from the next step. First, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate was pulverized in a mortar. In addition, ESREC KS was swollen with acetone (45 g of acetone with respect to 10 g of ESREC KS) and then dissolved in a mixed solvent of water and ethanol (50/50 volume ratio) to obtain a 10 wt% solvent solution. The powdered ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and the dissolved Eslek KS were kneaded. Next, after drying, it was pulverized in a mortar. As a result of pressurizing 5 g of this mixed powder with a hand press type tablet molding machine at a pressure of about 9 KN, a cylindrical tablet having a diameter of 20 mm and a height of about 10.5 mm was obtained. Table 1 shows the blending ratio of each composition. In Example 1, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 4 parts by weight of ESREC KS, in Example 2, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 6 parts by weight of ESREC KS, 100 parts by weight of ferrous heptahydrate and 8 parts by weight of ESRECK KS were blended.

Figure 0004713201
Figure 0004713201

(実施例4〜6)
リン酸イオンと反応する硫酸第一鉄七水和物(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)と、多糖類のデキストリン(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)と、コーティング剤の水酸基を有するポリビニルアルコール樹脂(日本合成化学工業株式会社製、ゴーセノール完全ケン化型NL)とからなる、固形リン除去剤のタブレット化(錠剤化)を次ぎの工程より行った。先ず硫酸第一鉄七水和物およびデキストリンを混ぜて、乳鉢で粉化した。また、ゴーセノールNLは、水とイソプロピルアルコールの混合溶媒に溶解した。上記粉化した硫酸第一鉄七水和物およびデキストリンと溶解したゴーセノールNLとを混練合した。次ぎに乾燥した後、乳鉢で粉化した。この混合粉体5gをハンドプレス型錠剤成形器により、圧力約9KNで加圧した結果、直径20mm、高さ約10.5mmの円柱状のタブレットを得た。表2に各組成物の配合割合を示した。実施例4では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、デキストリン9重量部、ゴーセノールNL2重量部、実施例5では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、デキストリン9重量部、ゴーセノールNL5重量部、実施例6では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、デキストリン9重量部、ゴーセノールNL9重量部をそれぞれ配合した。
(Examples 4 to 6)
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate that reacts with phosphate ion (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1), polysaccharide dextrin (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1), and coating agent hydroxyl group Tableting (tableting) of the solid phosphorus removal agent comprising polyvinyl alcohol resin (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Gohsenol completely saponified NL) was performed from the next step. First, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and dextrin were mixed and powdered in a mortar. Gohsenol NL was dissolved in a mixed solvent of water and isopropyl alcohol. The above-mentioned powdered ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and dextrin were mixed with dissolved gohsenol NL. Next, after drying, it was pulverized in a mortar. As a result of pressurizing 5 g of this mixed powder with a hand press type tablet molding machine at a pressure of about 9 KN, a cylindrical tablet having a diameter of 20 mm and a height of about 10.5 mm was obtained. Table 2 shows the blending ratio of each composition. In Example 4, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 9 parts by weight of dextrin, 2 parts by weight of Gohsenol NL, In Example 5, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 9 parts by weight of dextrin, 5 parts by weight of Gohsenol NL In Example 6, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 9 parts by weight of dextrin, and 9 parts by weight of Gohsenol NL were blended.

Figure 0004713201
Figure 0004713201

(実施例7〜9)
リン酸イオンと反応する硫酸第一鉄七水和物(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)と、多糖類のセルロース(日本製紙ケミカル株式会社、KCフロック)と、コーティング剤の水酸基及びアセチル基を有するポリビニルアルコール樹脂(日本合成化学工業株式会社製、ゴーセノール部分ケン化型GL)とからなる、固形リン除去剤のタブレット化(錠剤化)を次ぎの工程より行った。先ず硫酸第一鉄七水和物およびKCフロックを混ぜて、乳鉢で粉化した。また、ゴーセノールGLは、水とイソプロピルアルコールの混合溶媒に溶解した。上記粉化した硫酸第一鉄七水和物およびKCフロックと溶解したゴーセノールGLとを混練合した。次ぎに乾燥した後、乳鉢で粉化した。この混合粉体5gをハンドプレス型錠剤成形器により、圧力約9KNで加圧した結果、直径20mm、高さ約10.5mmの円柱状のタブレットを得た。表2に各組成物の配合割合を示した。実施例7では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、KCフロック 2.5重量部、ゴーセノールGL 2重量部、実施例8では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、KCフロック 2.5重量部、ゴーセノールGL 5重量部、実施例9では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、KCフロック 2.5重量部、ゴーセノールGL 9重量部をそれぞれ配合した。
(Examples 7 to 9)
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate that reacts with phosphate ions (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1), polysaccharide cellulose (Nippon Paper Chemical Co., Ltd., KC Flock), hydroxyl group and acetyl group of coating agent The solid phosphorus remover was tableted (tablet) from the next step, which was made of a polyvinyl alcohol resin (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Gohsenol partially saponified GL). First, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and KC floc were mixed and pulverized in a mortar. Gohsenol GL was dissolved in a mixed solvent of water and isopropyl alcohol. The powdered ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and KC floc were mixed with the dissolved Gohsenol GL. Next, after drying, it was pulverized in a mortar. As a result of pressurizing 5 g of this mixed powder with a hand press type tablet molding machine at a pressure of about 9 KN, a cylindrical tablet having a diameter of 20 mm and a height of about 10.5 mm was obtained. Table 2 shows the blending ratio of each composition. In Example 7, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 2.5 parts by weight of KC floc, 2 parts by weight of Gohsenol GL, and in Example 8, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, KC floc 5 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of Gohsenol GL, and in Example 9, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 2.5 parts by weight of KC floc and 9 parts by weight of Gohsenol GL were blended.

(実施例10〜12)
リン酸イオンと反応する硫酸第一鉄七水和物(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)と、多糖類のデキストリン(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)と、コーティング剤の水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、エスレックKS)とからなる、固形リン除去剤のタブレット化(錠剤化)を次ぎの工程より行った。先ず硫酸第一鉄七水和物およびデキストリンを混ぜて、乳鉢で粉化した。また、エスレックKSは、アセトンで膨潤後、水とエタノールの混合溶媒に溶解した。上記粉化した硫酸第一鉄七水和物およびデキストリンと溶解したエスレックKSとを混練合した。次ぎに乾燥した後、乳鉢で粉化した。この混合粉体5gをハンドプレス型錠剤成形器により、圧力約9KNで加圧した結果、直径20mm、高さ約10.5mmの円柱状のタブレットを得た。表3に各組成物の配合割合を示した。実施例10では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、デキストリン 11重量部、エスレックKS 2重量部、実施例11では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、デキストリン 11重量部、エスレックKS 7重量部、実施例12では硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、デキストリン 11重量部、エスレックKS 13重量部をそれぞれ配合した。
(Examples 10 to 12)
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate that reacts with phosphate ions (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1), polysaccharide dextrin (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1), coating agent hydroxyl group, acetyl Tableting (tabletization) of a solid phosphorus remover comprising a polyvinyl alcohol-based polyvinyl acetal resin (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., ESREC KS) having a group and an acetal group was performed from the next step. First, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and dextrin were mixed and powdered in a mortar. In addition, ESREC KS was dissolved in a mixed solvent of water and ethanol after swelling with acetone. The above powdered ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and dextrin were dissolved and dissolved Eslek KS. Next, after drying, it was pulverized in a mortar. As a result of pressurizing 5 g of this mixed powder with a hand press type tablet molding machine at a pressure of about 9 KN, a cylindrical tablet having a diameter of 20 mm and a height of about 10.5 mm was obtained. Table 3 shows the blending ratio of each composition. In Example 10, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 100 parts by weight, dextrin 11 parts by weight, ESREC KS 2 parts by weight, in Example 11, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 100 parts by weight, dextrin 11 parts by weight, ESREC KS In 7 parts by weight, in Example 12, 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 11 parts by weight of dextrin, and 13 parts by weight of Slekk KS were blended.

Figure 0004713201
Figure 0004713201

リン酸イオンと反応する硫酸第一鉄七水和物は、単独でタブレット化できるが、これに流水すると水との接触部から溶解が始まり、直ちにタブレットは崩れてしまった。即ち、徐放性が得られないことから、硫酸第一鉄七水和物に結合剤を混ぜてタブレット化したものを比較対照とするため、そのタブレット化を実施した。
(比較例1)
硫酸第一鉄七水和物(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)とデキストリン(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)とを混ぜて、乳鉢で粉化した。この混合粉体5gをハンドプレス型錠剤成形器により、圧力約9KNで加圧した結果、直径20mm、高さ約10.5mmの円柱状のタブレットを得た。表1の比較例1に組成物の配合割合を示し、硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、デキストリン11重量部とした。
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, which reacts with phosphate ions, can be tableted alone, but when it was run, dissolution started from the contact with water and the tablet collapsed immediately. That is, since sustained release could not be obtained, tableting was carried out in order to use a tablet prepared by mixing a binder with ferrous sulfate heptahydrate for comparison purposes.
(Comparative Example 1)
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1) and dextrin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1) were mixed and powdered in a mortar. As a result of pressurizing 5 g of this mixed powder with a hand press type tablet molding machine at a pressure of about 9 KN, a cylindrical tablet having a diameter of 20 mm and a height of about 10.5 mm was obtained. The blending ratio of the composition is shown in Comparative Example 1 of Table 1, and it was set to 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 11 parts by weight of dextrin.

(比較例2)
硫酸第一鉄七水和物(関東化学株式会社製、試薬1級)とセルロース(日本製紙ケミカル株式会社製、KCフロック)とを混ぜて、乳鉢で粉化した。この混合粉体5gをハンドプレス型錠剤成形器により、圧力約9KNで加圧した結果、直径20mm、高さ約10.5mmの円柱状のタブレットを得た。表1の比較例2に組成物の配合割合を示し、硫酸第一鉄七水和物100重量部、KCフロック2.5重量部とした。
(Comparative Example 2)
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade 1) and cellulose (manufactured by Nippon Paper Chemical Co., Ltd., KC Flock) were mixed and powdered in a mortar. As a result of pressurizing 5 g of this mixed powder with a hand press type tablet molding machine at a pressure of about 9 KN, a cylindrical tablet having a diameter of 20 mm and a height of about 10.5 mm was obtained. The blending ratio of the composition is shown in Comparative Example 2 of Table 1, and it was set to 100 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 2.5 parts by weight of KC floc.

(溶解性試験)
幅23mm、長さ60mmの塩化ビニル製トレイに、上記実施例1〜12および比較例1、2で作製したタブレットを各試験ごとに置き、トレイの上流側から水道水10ml/minを定量ポンプにより10分間連続供給した。このとき、タブレットの下端部から2mm程度の高さまでが水道水と接触した。タブレットと接触した後、トレイから流れ出る流出水全量を容器で受けた。そして、流出水中に溶解した鉄イオン濃度を測定し、タブレット中の鉄分の含有率からタブレットの溶解量を算出した。実施例および比較例の各タブレットの溶解試験結果を表1〜3にそれぞれ示した。なお、鉄イオン濃度の測定には、デジタル簡易水質計(株式会社共立理化学研究所、Λ−8000型)を用いた。
(Solubility test)
The tablets prepared in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were placed in a vinyl chloride tray having a width of 23 mm and a length of 60 mm for each test, and 10 ml / min of tap water from the upstream side of the tray was measured using a metering pump. Feed continuously for 10 minutes. At this time, a height of about 2 mm from the lower end of the tablet was in contact with tap water. After contact with the tablet, the container received the total amount of effluent flowing from the tray. And the iron ion density | concentration melt | dissolved in effluent water was measured, and the melt | dissolution amount of the tablet was computed from the content rate of the iron content in a tablet. The dissolution test results of the tablets of Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Tables 1 to 3, respectively. In addition, a digital simple water quality meter (Kyoritsu Riken, Inc., Λ-8000 type) was used for the measurement of the iron ion concentration.

表1から、タブレットの溶解重量比を見ると、比較例1に対して、実施例1〜3はそれぞれ大幅に小さい値を示しており、溶解量が小さくなっている。すなわち、硫酸第一鉄七水和物とポリビニルアルコール系樹脂エスレックKSとからなるタブレットは、溶解速度が小さく、徐放性を有している。   From Table 1, when the dissolution weight ratio of the tablet is seen, Examples 1 to 3 show significantly smaller values than Comparative Example 1, and the dissolution amount is small. That is, a tablet composed of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and polyvinyl alcohol-based resin ESREC KS has a low dissolution rate and sustained release properties.

表2から、タブレットの溶解重量比を見ると、表1の比較例1に対して、実施例4〜6および実施例7〜9は大幅に小さい値を示しており、溶解量が小さくなっている。すなわち、硫酸第一鉄七水和物と、多糖類のデキストリン又はKCフロックと、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂のゴーセノールNL又はゴーセノールGLとからなるタブレットは、溶解速度が小さく、徐放性を有している。
また、表3から、タブレットの溶解重量比を見ると、表1の比較例1に対して、実施例10〜12は大幅に小さい値を示しており、溶解量が小さくなっている。すなわち、硫酸第一鉄七水和物と、多糖類のデキストリンと、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂エスレックKSとからなるタブレットは、溶解速度が小さく、徐放性を有している。
From Table 2, when the dissolution weight ratio of the tablet is seen, Examples 4 to 6 and Examples 7 to 9 show significantly smaller values than Comparative Example 1 in Table 1, and the amount of dissolution becomes small. Yes. That is, a tablet composed of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, polysaccharide dextrin or KC floc, and polyvinyl alcohol resin Gohsenol NL or Gohsenol GL has a low dissolution rate and sustained release properties. .
Moreover, when the dissolution weight ratio of a tablet is seen from Table 3, Examples 10-12 have shown a significantly small value with respect to the comparative example 1 of Table 1, and the dissolution amount is small. That is, a tablet composed of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, polysaccharide dextrin, and polyvinyl alcohol-based resin ESREC KS has a low dissolution rate and sustained release properties.

本発明のリン除去剤供給装置の一例を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は(a)のA−A面における縦断面図。An example of the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the AA surface of (a). 本発明に係るリン除去剤供給装置の収納容器の高さ調整手段における別の一例を示し、(a)は縦断面図、(b)は(a)のB−B矢視面における縦断面図。The another example in the height adjustment means of the storage container of the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus which concerns on this invention is shown, (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the BB arrow surface of (a). . 本発明の小規模排水浄化槽の一例を示し、(a)は概略平面図、(b)は(a)のC−C矢視面の概略断面図。An example of the small-scale waste water purification tank of this invention is shown, (a) is a schematic plan view, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of CC surface of (a). 本発明の小規模排水浄化槽の別の一例を示し、(a)は概略平面図、(b)は(a)のD−D矢視面の概略断面図。The another example of the small-scale waste water septic tank of this invention is shown, (a) is a schematic plan view, (b) is a schematic sectional drawing of the DD arrow surface of (a).

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1:リン除去剤供給装置 2:流入口 3:流出口 4:貯留容器
5:固形リン除去剤 6:開口 7:収納容器 8−1:支持体
8−2:支持体 9:外胴 10:蓋 11:流出キャップ
12:開口部
20:小規模排水浄化槽 21:第一の嫌気処理槽 22:第二の嫌気処理槽
23:好気処理槽 24:循環水路 25:移流管
26:循環用ポンプ 27:流入バッフル 28:マンホールカバー
29:分岐水路 30:電磁弁 31:タイマー
32:排水流入口 33:移流管 34:濾床 35:濾床
36:移流管 37:移送ポンプ 38:流量調整部
39:ブルワ 40:散気管
50:開口 51:濾過槽 52:移流管 53:消毒槽
54:洗浄排水引き抜きポンプ 55:放流口


1: Phosphorus remover supply device 2: Inlet 3: Outlet 4: Storage container 5: Solid phosphorus remover 6: Opening 7: Storage container 8-1: Support 8-2: Support 9: Outer trunk 10: Lid 11: Outflow cap 12: Opening portion 20: Small-scale drainage septic tank 21: First anaerobic treatment tank 22: Second anaerobic treatment tank 23: Aerobic treatment tank 24: Circulation channel 25: Advection pipe 26: Circulation pump 27: Inflow baffle 28: Manhole cover 29: Branch waterway 30: Solenoid valve 31: Timer 32: Drainage inlet 33: Advection pipe 34: Filter bed 35: Filter bed 36: Advection pipe 37: Transfer pump 38: Flow rate adjusting unit 39 : Brewer 40: Air diffuser 50: Opening 51: Filtration tank 52: Advection pipe 53: Disinfection tank 54: Cleaning drainage extraction pump 55: Outlet


Claims (8)

流入口および流出口を有し、水を蓄える有底の貯留容器と、前記貯留容器内に設けられ、固形リン除去剤を充填し、底面及び/又は側面下部に水と接触させる開口を有する収納容器と、前記貯留容器に前記収納容器を係着させる支持体とを備え、前記収納容器の底部を所定の水位高さで水と接触させる高さ調整手段を設けてなり、
前記固形リン除去剤が、少なくとも、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂とを含有する、固形リン除去剤であるリン除去剤供給装置。
A storage container having an inflow and an outflow, and having a bottomed storage container for storing water, and an opening provided in the storage container, filled with a solid phosphorus removing agent, and in contact with water at the bottom and / or the lower part of the side Comprising a container and a support for engaging the storage container with the storage container, and provided with a height adjusting means for bringing the bottom of the storage container into contact with water at a predetermined water level height,
The solid phosphorus removing agent contains at least (a) an iron salt or an aluminum salt, and (b) a polyvinyl alcohol resin having a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group and an acetyl group, or a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group, and an acetal group. A phosphorus removal agent supply device which is a removal agent.
流入口および流出口を有し、水を蓄える有底の貯留容器と、前記貯留容器内に設けられ、固形リン除去剤を充填し、底面及び/又は側面下部に水と接触させる開口を有する収納容器と、前記貯留容器に前記収納容器を係着させる支持体とを備え、前記収納容器の底部を所定の水位高さで水と接触させる高さ調整手段を設けてなり、
前記固形リン除去剤が、少なくとも、(a)鉄塩又はアルミニウム塩と、(c)多糖類と、(b)水酸基、水酸基及びアセチル基、又は水酸基、アセチル基及びアセタール基を有するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂とを含有する、固形リン除去剤であるリン除去剤供給装置。
A storage container having an inflow and an outflow, and having a bottomed storage container for storing water, and an opening provided in the storage container, filled with a solid phosphorus removing agent, and in contact with water at the bottom and / or the lower part of the side Comprising a container and a support for engaging the storage container with the storage container, and provided with a height adjusting means for bringing the bottom of the storage container into contact with water at a predetermined water level height,
The solid phosphorus removing agent is at least (a) an iron salt or aluminum salt, (c) a polysaccharide, and (b) a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group and an acetyl group, or a hydroxyl group, an acetyl group, and an acetal group. The phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus which is solid phosphorus removal agent containing these .
多糖類が、澱粉、デキストリン、セルロース又はセロビオースである請求項2に記載のリン除去剤供給装置The phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the polysaccharide is starch, dextrin, cellulose, or cellobiose. 少なくとも嫌気処理槽、好気処理槽を組み込んでいる浄化槽に、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のリン除去剤供給装置を備えた小規模排水浄化槽。 The small-scale wastewater septic tank provided with the phosphorus removal agent supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the septic tank incorporating at least an anaerobic treatment tank and an aerobic treatment tank. 好気処理槽を経た後の移流水を嫌気処理槽へ返送する循環水路にリン除去剤供給装置を備えた請求項に記載の小規模排水浄化槽。 The small-scale waste water purification tank of Claim 4 provided with the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus in the circulation channel which returns the advection water after passing through an aerobic treatment tank to an anaerobic treatment tank. 循環水路を分岐させ、分岐水路にリン除去剤供給装置を備えた請求項に記載の小規模排水浄化槽。 The small-scale wastewater septic tank according to claim 5 , wherein the circulation channel is branched, and the branch channel is provided with a phosphorus removing agent supply device. リン除去剤供給装置の流入側の分岐水路に、循環水を間欠的に移流させるための水路開閉手段を設けた請求項に記載の小規模排水浄化槽。 The small-scale drainage septic tank according to claim 6 , wherein a water channel opening and closing means for intermittently advancing circulating water is provided in a branch water channel on the inflow side of the phosphorus removing agent supply device. 嫌気処理槽から好気処理槽へ移流水が移流する水路にリン除去剤供給装置を備えた請求項に記載の小規模排水浄化槽。 The small-scale waste water purification tank of Claim 4 provided with the phosphorus removal agent supply apparatus in the water channel from which an advection water flows from an anaerobic processing tank to an aerobic processing tank.
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