JP5079285B2 - Wastewater septic tank - Google Patents
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- JP5079285B2 JP5079285B2 JP2006235486A JP2006235486A JP5079285B2 JP 5079285 B2 JP5079285 B2 JP 5079285B2 JP 2006235486 A JP2006235486 A JP 2006235486A JP 2006235486 A JP2006235486 A JP 2006235486A JP 5079285 B2 JP5079285 B2 JP 5079285B2
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、一般家庭等から排出される生活雑排水を処理する水処理装置に関し、詳しくはリン除去剤により除去されたリンを含む汚泥を貯留する汚泥貯留槽に関する。 The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for treating domestic wastewater discharged from general households and the like, and more particularly, to a sludge storage tank for storing sludge containing phosphorus removed by a phosphorus removing agent.
一般家庭等から排出される生活排水には、汚濁物質として有機物の他に、湖沼等の閉鎖性水域での富栄養化の原因となる窒素やリンが含まれる。そのため、特許文献１に示されるような、生活排水から有機物のみならず、窒素やリンが除去できる水処理装置が考えられている。
特許文献１に開示されたものは、原水流入部から嫌気濾床槽に流入し、担体流動生物濾過槽、処理水槽、消毒槽を経た後に、放流口から槽外へと放流される。担体流動生物濾過槽には、リン除去装置として、鉄を電極とした電気分解装置が組み込まれてあり、通電することにより電極から鉄イオンが放出され、リン酸イオンと反応してリン酸鉄が生成され、排水中からリンを除去している。ここで生成されたリン酸鉄は、担体流動生物濾過槽の浮遊物質と一緒に循環水や逆洗水として嫌気濾床槽へ移送され、汚泥として貯留されることになる。
What was disclosed by patent document 1 flows into an anaerobic filter bed tank from a raw | natural water inflow part, and is discharged | emitted out of a tank from a discharge outlet, after passing through a carrier fluid biological filtration tank, a treated water tank, and a disinfection tank. In the carrier fluidized biological filtration tank, an electrolysis device using iron as an electrode is incorporated as a phosphorus removal device, and when energized, iron ions are released from the electrode and react with phosphate ions to form iron phosphate. It is produced and removes phosphorus from the wastewater. The iron phosphate produced here is transferred to the anaerobic filter bed tank as circulating water or backwash water together with the suspended substance in the carrier fluid biological filtration tank and stored as sludge.
しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されるものは、リン酸鉄を含む汚泥を還元的雰囲気下で貯留するため、汚泥からリン酸が溶出し、下流側の担体流動生物濾過槽に流出してしまい、リン除去の効率を低下させる心配があった。さらに、このような状況において、処理水のリン濃度を所定の数値以下に確保するために、鉄イオンの溶解量を多くして対処すれば、単純なランニングコストの増加だけでなく、リン酸以外と結合して生成される水酸化物も汚泥として増加してしまうという課題、具体的には、汚泥引き出し回数の増加や汚泥処分費の増加等が発生することになる。 However, what is described in Patent Document 1 stores sludge containing iron phosphate under a reducing atmosphere, so that phosphoric acid is eluted from the sludge and flows out into the downstream carrier fluid biological filtration tank, There was a concern of reducing the efficiency of phosphorus removal. Furthermore, in such a situation, in order to ensure that the phosphorous concentration in the treated water is below a predetermined value, if the amount of iron ions dissolved is increased, not only a simple running cost increase but also phosphoric acid can be used. There is a problem that the hydroxide generated by combining with slag increases as sludge, specifically, an increase in the number of sludge withdrawals and an increase in sludge disposal costs.
本発明は、上記課題を鑑みてなされたものであり、リンの溶出を抑制し、リン除去剤の使用を極力抑えて、リン除去の効率を低下させない汚水浄化槽を提供することを目的する。 This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the sewage septic tank which suppresses the elution of phosphorus, suppresses use of a phosphorus removal agent as much as possible, and does not reduce the efficiency of phosphorus removal.
本発明は、以下のものに関する。
（１）汚水を流入させ、底部に汚泥を沈殿させる嫌気槽と、この嫌気槽の下流にて嫌気処理液を好気処理する好気槽と、上記嫌気槽底部の汚泥を移流させる汚泥貯留槽と、上記好気槽の下流側に設けられた沈殿槽と、消毒槽と、該消毒槽に消毒後の処理水を放流するための放流口と、を備え、上記好気槽が、リン酸イオンと結合して固形物を形成しうる金属イオンを供給するリン除去装置を有し、上記汚泥貯留槽が他の槽からの汚泥流入管と、前記金属イオンがリン酸イオンと結合してなる固形物が、リン酸イオンを放出する酸化還元電位より低くならないように、気泡拡散することにより、汚泥貯留槽内の酸化還元電位を制御する散気装置とを有し、該散気装置が上記汚泥貯留槽の底部近傍に設けられている汚水浄化槽。
（２）項（１）において、上記散気装置が間欠ばっ気運転を行うためのタイマに接続され、上記散気装置によるばっ気運転により上昇する上記汚泥貯留槽の溶存酸素濃度が、１ｍｇ／Ｌ以上にならないように、上記汚泥貯留槽の酸化還元電位又は溶存酸素濃度の測定結果と、処理水のリン酸濃度の測定結果との対比によって、上記タイマのばっ気時間が設定されたことを特徴とする汚水浄化槽。
（３）項（１）又は（２）に記載の汚水浄化槽であって、前記金属イオンが鉄イオン、又はアルミニウムイオンであることを特徴とする汚水浄化槽。
The present invention relates to the following.
(1) An anaerobic tank in which sewage is introduced and sludge is precipitated at the bottom, an aerobic tank in which the anaerobic treatment liquid is aerobically treated downstream of the anaerobic tank, and a sludge storage tank in which the sludge at the bottom of the anaerobic tank is transferred. And a settling tank provided on the downstream side of the aerobic tank, a disinfection tank, and a discharge port for discharging treated water after disinfection to the disinfection tank, wherein the aerobic tank is phosphoric acid It has a phosphorus removing device that supplies metal ions that can form solids by combining with ions, and the sludge storage tank is formed by combining sludge inflow pipes from other tanks and the metal ions with phosphate ions. solids, so as not to be lower than the redox potential of releasing phosphate ions, by bubbles diffuse, possess a diffuser for controlling the redox potential in the sludge storage tank, diverging air device above A sewage septic tank provided near the bottom of the sludge storage tank .
(2) Oite to claim (1), the air diffuser is connected to a timer for the intermittent aeration operation, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the sludge storage tank to increase by aeration operation by the air diffuser is, The aeration time of the timer was set by comparing the measurement result of the oxidation-reduction potential or dissolved oxygen concentration of the sludge storage tank with the measurement result of the phosphoric acid concentration of the treated water so as not to exceed 1 mg / L. A wastewater septic tank characterized by that .
(3) The sewage septic tank according to item (1) or (2) , wherein the metal ions are iron ions or aluminum ions.
本発明によれば、リン除去により生じた貯留汚泥からのリン溶出を抑制し、リン除去の効率を低下させない汚水浄化槽を提供することができる。
好気槽では、リン除去装置から供給される金属イオンとリン酸イオンが結合して固形物になるため、排水中からリンが除去される。さらに、このリンを含む固形物は、他の浮遊物質と一緒に嫌気槽に一旦移送される。嫌気槽では、生活排水中に含まれる固形物が分離されており、好気槽から移送されたリンを含む固形物と合わせて、さらに汚泥貯留槽へ移送される。汚泥貯留槽では、酸化還元電位を任意の値に制御できるため、汚泥中に含まれる金属とリン酸の化合物からリン酸が放出されないようにすることができる。したがって、リンの溶出が抑制されるため、溶出分を考慮してリン除去剤の供給を増加しなくても済み、効率的にリンを除去することができる。
酸化還元電位の制御方法としては、リン除去剤に使用した金属の電気的性質を考慮し、リン酸を放出する酸化還元電位より低くならないように、気泡撹拌、機械撹拌、酸化剤の添加等を行う。コストを考慮すると、好気槽の散気装置と動力源を共用することができるので、気泡撹拌が有利である。
また、汚泥貯留槽では、嫌気槽からの汚泥移送を実施することで、安定した汚泥貯留機能を確保することができる。
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the sewage septic tank which suppresses the phosphorus elution from the storage sludge produced by phosphorus removal, and does not reduce the efficiency of phosphorus removal can be provided.
In the aerobic tank, the metal ions and phosphate ions supplied from the phosphorus removal device are combined to form a solid material, so that phosphorus is removed from the waste water. Further, the solid matter containing phosphorus is once transferred to an anaerobic tank together with other suspended substances. In the anaerobic tank, the solids contained in the domestic wastewater are separated, and are further transferred to the sludge storage tank together with the solids containing phosphorus transferred from the aerobic tank. In the sludge storage tank, the oxidation-reduction potential can be controlled to an arbitrary value, so that phosphoric acid can be prevented from being released from the metal and phosphoric acid compound contained in the sludge. Therefore, since the elution of phosphorus is suppressed, it is not necessary to increase the supply of the phosphorus removing agent in consideration of the amount of elution, and phosphorus can be efficiently removed.
As a method for controlling the oxidation-reduction potential, in consideration of the electrical properties of the metal used for the phosphorus removal agent, bubble agitation, mechanical agitation, addition of an oxidant, etc. should be performed so as not to be lower than the oxidation-reduction potential that releases phosphoric acid. Do. Considering the cost, bubble agitation is advantageous because the power source can be shared with the aeration device of the aerobic tank.
Moreover, in a sludge storage tank, the stable sludge storage function is securable by implementing the sludge transfer from an anaerobic tank.
本発明にて述べる嫌気槽は、固液分離機能を有していれば特に制限されるものでなく、濾床の有無を問わない。濾床を有する場合は、板状、網様板状、網様円筒状を規則充填した濾材等、捕捉性の弱い濾材を好適に用いて、分離した汚泥を濾床下部に集積できる構造にしておくことが望ましく、底部をホッパー形状にすると集積しやすくなる。
また、濾床底部には、集積した汚泥を汚泥貯留槽に移送する手段が講じてあり、コストや維持管理の作業性を考慮すると、エアリフトポンプを採用することが望ましい。
The anaerobic tank described in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a solid-liquid separation function, and it does not matter whether there is a filter bed. If you have a filter bed, use a filter material that is weakly trapped, such as filter media regularly packed in plate, mesh plate, or mesh cylinder, so that the separated sludge can be accumulated at the bottom of the filter bed. It is desirable to place the bottom part into a hopper shape, which facilitates accumulation.
Further, a means for transferring the accumulated sludge to the sludge storage tank is provided at the bottom of the filter bed, and it is desirable to adopt an air lift pump in consideration of cost and maintenance workability.
本発明にて述べる好気槽は、有機物を好気的に分解する部位と、有機物の分解に伴って増加した微生物を浮遊物質と一緒に分離する部位で構成される。
有機物を好気的に分解する部位（生物処理部）は、槽内を好気的に保持できれば、濾床の有無を問わない。濾床を設ける場合は、散気装置の上方に設けることで、濾床内を好気状態に保つことができる。濾床は、固定床でも流動床でも微生物が着床し生物膜となり、汚水中の有機物を分解する。また、嫌気槽を含めて滞留時間、負荷条件を適切に採れば、窒素除去に必要な反応であるアンモニア性窒素の硝化も進行させることができる。
有機物の分解に伴って増加した微生物を浮遊物質と一緒に分離する部位（浮遊物質除去部）は、重力による分離（沈殿槽）でも、物理的な濾過（濾過槽）でも良い。いずれにしても、分離した浮遊物質を嫌気槽に移送できる手段が講じてあり、コストや維持管理の作業性を考慮すると、エアリフトポンプを採用することが望ましい。
したがって、本発明による好気槽は、生物処理部として、接触ばっ気槽、担体流動槽、ばっ気槽等と、浮遊物質除去部として、沈殿槽、ろ過槽（膜ろ過も含む）等とを組み合わせて採用しても良く、生物処理部と浮遊物質除去部の両方の機能をもつ生物ろ過槽を単一で、あるいは前記単位装置と組み合わせて採用しても良い。
The aerobic tank described in the present invention is composed of a site for aerobically decomposing organic matter and a site for separating microorganisms increased along with the decomposition of organic matter together with suspended solids.
The part (biological treatment part) which decomposes organic matter aerobically does not ask | require the presence or absence of a filter bed, if the inside of a tank can be kept aerobically. When providing a filter bed, the inside of the filter bed can be maintained in an aerobic state by being provided above the air diffuser. In the fixed bed and fluidized bed, microorganisms are deposited on the filter bed to form a biofilm and decompose organic substances in the sewage. In addition, if the residence time and load conditions including the anaerobic tank are appropriately taken, nitrification of ammonia nitrogen, which is a reaction necessary for nitrogen removal, can be advanced.
The site (floating material removal unit) that separates the microorganisms that have increased along with the decomposition of the organic matter together with the suspended material may be separated by gravity (precipitation tank) or physical filtration (filtered tank). In any case, means for transferring the separated suspended matter to the anaerobic tank is provided, and it is desirable to adopt an air lift pump in consideration of cost and workability of maintenance management.
Therefore, the aerobic tank according to the present invention includes a contact aeration tank, a carrier fluidization tank, an aeration tank, etc. as a biological treatment section, and a sedimentation tank, a filtration tank (including membrane filtration), etc. as a suspended solid removal section. A biological filtration tank having the functions of both the biological treatment unit and the suspended solid removal unit may be used singly or in combination with the unit device.
本発明にて述べるリン除去装置は、排水中のリン酸と結合して固形物を形成しうる成分（鉄イオン、アルミニウムイオン等）を供給する装置であり、供給する方法としては、電気分解方式、凝集剤添加方式等が挙げられる。
また、装置自体の配置場所は、特に制限されるものではなく、好気槽中の汚水に対し電気分解方式、凝集剤添加方式等を行えれば良い。
The phosphorus removal apparatus described in the present invention is an apparatus that supplies components (iron ions, aluminum ions, etc.) that can be combined with phosphoric acid in waste water to form solids. And a flocculant addition method.
The location of the apparatus itself is not particularly limited as long as the electrolysis method, the flocculant addition method, and the like can be performed on the sewage in the aerobic tank.
本発明にて述べる汚泥貯留槽は、前記嫌気槽や好気槽等で分離・集積された汚泥が最終的に移送され貯留される部位である。リン酸と結合したリン酸鉄は、還元的雰囲気下において、リン酸イオンと鉄イオンが離れてしまうため、そのままの状態で汚泥を貯留しておくと、リンが溶出してしまう。そこで、リン酸イオンと鉄イオンが離れないように酸化還元電位を任意の値に制御することができ、気泡撹拌、機械撹拌、酸化剤の添加等の手段によって、酸化還元電位を低下させない方法を採用することができるが、コストを考慮すると、好気槽の散気装置と動力源を共用することができるので、気泡撹拌が好適である。気泡撹拌のための散気装置は、汚泥貯留槽の底部近傍に設置することが望ましく、少風量でも効率よく酸化還元電位の上昇が可能となり、また、底部に死水域が生じることを防止できる。 The sludge storage tank described in the present invention is a part where the sludge separated and accumulated in the anaerobic tank or aerobic tank is finally transferred and stored. Since iron phosphate bound to phosphoric acid is separated from phosphate ions in a reducing atmosphere, phosphorus is eluted when sludge is stored as it is. Therefore, the oxidation-reduction potential can be controlled to an arbitrary value so that phosphate ions and iron ions do not leave, and a method that does not lower the oxidation-reduction potential by means such as bubble agitation, mechanical agitation, and addition of an oxidant. Although it can be adopted, considering the cost, bubble agitation is suitable because the power source can be shared with the air diffuser of the aerobic tank. It is desirable to install the air diffuser for bubbling agitation near the bottom of the sludge storage tank, and the oxidation-reduction potential can be increased efficiently even with a small amount of air, and a dead water area can be prevented from occurring at the bottom.
本発明にて述べる酸化還元電位を任意の値に保持させる制御装置は、酸化還元電位を直接測定した結果に基づき、前述した気泡撹拌等で酸化還元電位を上昇させることができる。また、酸化還元電位でなくとも、溶存酸素濃度を測定した結果を用いた結果に基づいて制御することも可能である。さらに、維持管理の頻度が長く、コストの掛けられない小規模合併処理浄化槽では、酸化還元電位及び溶存酸素濃度の常時測定が実用上できないので、このような場合には、間欠ばっ気運転による制御を採用することができる。
ただし、ばっ気時間が必要以上に長すぎると、汚泥発生量の増加を招くので、できる限り好気状態（溶存酸素濃度として１ｍｇ／Ｌ以上）にならないように留意することが好ましく、維持管理時において、汚泥貯留槽の酸化還元電位や溶存酸素濃度の測定結果と、簡易試験法等による処理水のリン酸濃度の測定結果とを合わせて判断し、ばっ気時間及び非ばっ気時間の設定を適正に調整し直すことによって汚泥発生量の増加を抑制することが可能である。なお、嫌気槽からの当該汚泥貯留槽への汚泥移送は、汚泥貯留槽内の汚泥が流出しないように、非ばっ気時間に行う。そのため、非ばっ気時間は、槽内汚泥の沈殿分離に必要な時間として、望ましくは３０分間以上を取れるように設定することが望ましい。
The control device that holds the oxidation-reduction potential described in the present invention at an arbitrary value can increase the oxidation-reduction potential by the above-described bubble agitation based on the result of directly measuring the oxidation-reduction potential. Moreover, it is also possible to control based on the result using the result of measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration, not the oxidation-reduction potential. Furthermore, in a small-scale merged treatment septic tank where maintenance and maintenance frequency is long and cost is low, continuous measurement of the oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen concentration is not practical, so in such cases, control by intermittent aeration operation is possible. Can be adopted.
However, if the aeration time is longer than necessary, the amount of sludge generated will increase, so it is preferable to pay attention not to be in an aerobic state (dissolved oxygen concentration of 1 mg / L or more) as much as possible. Therefore, the measurement result of the oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen concentration of the sludge storage tank and the measurement result of the phosphoric acid concentration of the treated water by the simple test method are judged together, and the setting of the aeration time and non-aeration time It is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of sludge generated by properly adjusting. The sludge transfer from the anaerobic tank to the sludge storage tank is performed during a non-aeration period so that the sludge in the sludge storage tank does not flow out. Therefore, it is desirable to set the non-aeration time so that it takes 30 minutes or more as the time required for the sediment separation of the sludge in the tank.
本発明にて述べる汚水浄化槽は、先に述べた酸化還元電位を任意の値に保持できる制御装置を有する汚泥貯留槽を備えるものであり、更に、嫌気槽、リン除去装置を有する好気槽、消毒槽を備えることができる。 The sewage septic tank described in the present invention includes a sludge storage tank having a control device capable of maintaining the oxidation-reduction potential described above at an arbitrary value, and further, an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank having a phosphorus removal device, A disinfection tank can be provided.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面により説明する。図１は本発明に係る１つの実施例である汚水浄化槽の断面図である。
初めに、汚水は、流入口１を通って嫌気ろ床槽２に流れ込む。流れ込んだ汚水は、ろ材充填部で固形物が分離される。分離された固形物は、主にろ材充填部より下方に堆積される。堆積した汚泥は、底部に開口部を持つ汚泥移送エアリフトポンプ３により、汚泥貯留槽４へ移送される。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a sewage septic tank according to one embodiment of the present invention.
First, sewage flows into the anaerobic filter bed 2 through the inlet 1. The sewage that has flowed is separated from the solid matter at the filter medium filling section. The separated solid matter is mainly deposited below the filter material filling portion. The accumulated sludge is transferred to the sludge storage tank 4 by a sludge transfer
嫌気ろ床槽２で固形物を分離された汚水は、好気ろ床槽５に移流する。本実施例では、微生物が付着できる接触材を固定床として充填してあり、散気装置６から供給される空気により、旋回流を生じさせ、酸素を含んだ汚水と接触材に付着した微生物を接触させて、汚濁物質の酸化分解を行う。この有機物の酸化分解によって微生物が増加し、接触材の生物膜が肥厚化して剥離したり、槽内液の浮遊物が増加する。一方、当該好気ろ床槽５に凝集剤添加装置（リン除去装置）７からポリ硫酸第二鉄を供給し、槽内で鉄イオンとリン酸イオンを反応させ、固体のリン酸鉄を形成させる。好気ろ床槽５で処理された汚水は、発生した固形物を伴って、次処理工程の沈殿槽８へ移流される。 The sewage from which the solid matter is separated in the anaerobic filter bed tank 2 is transferred to the aerobic filter bed tank 5. In this embodiment, the contact material to which microorganisms can adhere is packed as a fixed bed, and the swirling flow is generated by the air supplied from the air diffuser 6, and the microorganisms adhering to the sewage containing oxygen and the contact material are removed. Contact to perform oxidative decomposition of pollutants. Microorganisms increase due to the oxidative decomposition of the organic matter, the biofilm of the contact material becomes thickened and peeled off, and the suspended matter in the liquid in the tank increases. On the other hand, ferric sulfate is supplied from the flocculant addition device (phosphorus removal device) 7 to the aerobic filter bed tank 5, and iron ions and phosphate ions are reacted in the tank to form solid iron phosphate. Let The sewage treated in the aerobic filter bed tank 5 is transferred to the sedimentation tank 8 of the next treatment step along with the generated solid matter.
沈殿槽８では、好気ろ床槽５で処理された汚水は、発生した固形物と処理水を分離する。上澄みとなる処理水は、消毒槽９へ移流し、消毒後に放流口１０を通って放流される。一方、分離された固形物は、沈殿槽８の底部に分離された状態にあり、好気ろ床槽５と沈殿槽８の仕切板に設置され底部に吸い込み口を有する循環エアリフトポンプ１１によって嫌気ろ床槽２へ移送される。
In the sedimentation tank 8, the sewage treated in the aerobic filter bed tank 5 separates the generated solid and treated water. The treated water that becomes the supernatant is transferred to the disinfection tank 9 and discharged through the
沈殿槽８で分離された固形物は、前記嫌気ろ床槽２のろ材充填部で分離された汚泥と一緒に底部に堆積される。底部の堆積汚泥は、底部に吸い込み口を有する汚泥移送エアリフトポンプ３により、汚泥貯留槽４へ移送される。
The solid matter separated in the settling tank 8 is deposited at the bottom together with the sludge separated in the filter material filling part of the anaerobic filter bed tank 2. The accumulated sludge at the bottom is transferred to the sludge storage tank 4 by a sludge transfer
汚泥貯留槽４には、底部に気泡撹拌用の散気装置１２が配置してあり、ブロワ稼動用のタイマにより空気の供給を制御して、ばっ気運転を６０分間と非ばっ気運転を３０分間として間欠ばっ気運転を行った。そのため、汚泥貯留槽内の酸化還元電位が任意の値以下にならないように設定できたため、汚泥中に含まれるリン酸鉄からリン酸が溶出を抑制することができたため、好気ろ床槽５へのポリ硫酸第二鉄の添加量を増やすことなく、処理水の全リン濃度を目標値以下にすることができた。
In the sludge storage tank 4, an
１…流入口、２…嫌気ろ床槽、３…汚泥移送エアリフトポンプ、４…汚泥貯留槽、５…好気ろ床槽、６…散気装置、７…凝集剤添加装置（リン除去装置）、８…沈殿槽、９…消毒槽、１０…放流口、１１…循環エアリフトポンプ、１２…散気装置。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Inlet, 2 ... Anaerobic filter bed tank, 3 ... Sludge transfer air lift pump, 4 ... Sludge storage tank, 5 ... Aerobic filter bed tank, 6 ... Air diffuser, 7 ... Coagulant addition apparatus (phosphorus removal apparatus) , 8 ... Precipitation tank, 9 ... Disinfection tank, 10 ... Outlet, 11 ... Circulating air lift pump, 12 ... Air diffuser.
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| JP7486142B2 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2024-05-17 | 学校法人 龍谷大学 | Method for simultaneous removal or recovery of phosphorus and metals by addition to urine or sewage |
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