JP4651867B2 - Cutting edge drilling equipment - Google Patents

Cutting edge drilling equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4651867B2
JP4651867B2 JP2001186477A JP2001186477A JP4651867B2 JP 4651867 B2 JP4651867 B2 JP 4651867B2 JP 2001186477 A JP2001186477 A JP 2001186477A JP 2001186477 A JP2001186477 A JP 2001186477A JP 4651867 B2 JP4651867 B2 JP 4651867B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cutter
earth
outer shell
pipe
sand
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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JP2001186477A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003003790A (en
Inventor
栄治 酒井
直人 時枝
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株式会社アルファシビルエンジニアリング
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、地盤を掘削する刃口掘削装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、掘進管11の前端に刃口管を取り付けて地盤に貫入し、管内で人力により地盤を掘削し、後方で土砂を台車に積み込んでウインチ等により坑外に搬出して施工する刃口推進工法があり、推進工法の中では設備が比較的簡単で費用も安いので古くから多用されている。
ところで、この方法は、地盤の掘削箇所が開放されて土砂が自由に排出できるようになっているため、地盤の崩落や地盤中の水分の噴発が発生する危険性が高かった。そのため、地盤改良材や薬液注入材を多量に注入処理する必要があり、地盤中の水分の汚染や公害を招く恐れがあり、又コストが高くなる要因であった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、従来のこれらの問題点を解消し、地盤改良の作業量を低減させ、地盤中の水分の噴発や崩落を防止して安定した掘進を可能とする刃口掘削装置を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる課題を解決した本発明の構成は、
1) 筒状の外殻の前端に複数の掘削ビットを環状に取り付けたカッターを回転自在に設け、外殻の内部にカッターを回動させる駆動手段を設け、外殻の後端に推進管を配置し、後方から推進管を押圧して管路を形成しながら掘進するようにした刃口掘削装置であって、前記カッターの後方の外殻内に掘削された土砂を取り込んで後方に送出する排土管を外殻の中央の筒中心線方向に設け、前記カッターは外殻の前端に回転自在に取り付けられ且つ中央に開口を有するリングギヤと、同リングギヤの前面に取り付けられた環状の取付板と、同環状の取付板の前端を円周方向に沿って複数に分割するように脱着自在に取り付けられ且つ内面を後方に向かって縮径し後端を排土管の先端と回転自在に連接した複数の基台と、同基台先端に取り付けられた掘削ビットと、基台の縮径する内面に取り付けられた撹拌ビットとからなり、駆動手段はリングギヤを回転させてカッターを回動させ、同排土管の途中にバルブを設け、切羽の掘削された土砂を複数の基台の縮径した内面から排土管の先端開口へ取り込み、更に土砂の排出量及び切羽の圧力を排土管の前記バルブで調整できるようにした、刃口掘削装置
2) バルブが、排土管の内周に気体又は液体を導入して膨張させることができる体積変化の可能な膨張体を設けたものであり、膨張体の膨縮により排土管の通路面積を調整できるようにした前記1)記載の刃口掘削装置
にある。
【0005】
【作用】
本発明によれば、外殻の後端に推進管を配置し、カッターに回転力を与えて地盤を掘削するとともに後方から推進管を押圧することにより管路が形成される。掘削された土砂はカッターの内側から排土管を通じて後方へ排出される。ここで、地盤の状態により崩落や地盤中の水分が噴発し易い状況に応じてバルブで土砂の排出量を抑制することで、バルブの前方で掘削された土砂が一定量残留して土圧・水圧に対抗でき、土砂が地盤の掘削箇所を押圧して崩落や水分の噴発が防止される。
排土管の内周に気体又は液体の導入により膨張する膨張体を設けたものは、膨張体を膨張・収縮させることで土砂の排出路の面積を任意に調整でき、土砂の排出量を容易に制御でき、切羽圧力を調整可能な状態とする。
カッターの内径を後方に向かって縮径し、内周面に撹拌ビットを設けたので、掘削された土砂を撹拌ビットで細かく破砕し円滑に後方に送出できるようにする。
カッターを複数の基台を脱着自在に取り付けて分割・組立てできる構造としたものは、掘削後に回収し易くするとともに再使用して、掘削コストを低減できるようにする。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
バルブとしては、スライドゲートや開閉弁など機械的に開閉できるものが採用できるが、耐久性を有する合成ゴムや布状物等の袋状物にポンプで空気を導入することで膨張できるようにしたものが、膨張により土砂の排出路を狭くしても緩やかな通路に形成され、土砂の排出が円滑となり好ましい。
【0007】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。
【0008】
【実施例】
図1は、実施例の刃口掘削装置の内部の説明図である。
図2は、実施例の刃口掘削装置の正面図である。
図3は、実施例の刃口掘削装置の背面図である。
図4は、実施例の刃口掘削装置のカッターの回動機構の説明図である。
図5は、実施例の刃口掘削装置のカッターを構成する部材の斜視図である。
図6は、実施例の刃口掘削装置の使用状態を示す説明図である。
【0009】
図中、1はカッターであって、前端に複数の掘削ビット1bを所定間隔おいて環状に取り付け、後端を内面に斜視面を形成するように縮径し、内斜面に複数の撹拌ビット1cを所定間隔をおいて放射状に取り付けている。このカッター1は、図2,5に示すように円周方向に沿って複数体に分割した各基台1aを取付板1dにボルト1eで脱着自在に取り付けている。
2は外殻であって、図3に示すように内部にカッター1を回動させるモータ2aを内周方向に沿って複数設け、図4に示すようにモータ2aの駆動力をカッター1の後端外周に取り付けた大径のリングギヤ2bに平ギヤ2cを介して伝達できるようにしている。また、各モータ2a間にはカッター1の中心線からの傾斜角を変化させて掘進方向を微調整するため角度調整機構2dを複数設けている。
3は排土管であって、カッター1の後端の内径と同じ内径で、その先端とカッター1の後端とをカッター1が回転できるように連接している。
4はバルブであって、内部に空気等の流体を導入して膨張させることができる耐久性を有する袋状の合成ゴムからなり、排土管3の後方内周に取り付け、図示しないポンプ等で空気を空気導入口4aまで圧送し、バルブ4内に導入することでバルブ4を自在に膨縮できるようにしている。
5は推進管、Gは地盤である。
【0010】
本実施例では、図6(a)に示すように外殻2の後端に推進管5を配置し、各モータ2aを作動させてリングギヤ2bに駆動力を伝達してカッター1を回転させ、地盤Gを掘削するとともに後方から図示しない押圧器で推進管5を押圧することにより掘進して管路を形成させていく。掘削された土砂はカッター1の内側から排土管3内に取り込まれて後方に順次排出される。
ここで、地盤Gの性質や状態により掘削箇所が崩落又は地盤G中の水分が噴発し易い状況にあるときは、バルブ4内に空気を導入して所定大きさに膨張させ、排土管3の通路面積を縮小させて掘削された土砂の排出量を抑制する。このようにすることで、掘削された土砂がバルブ4の前方で一旦所定量残留し、土砂の排出しようとする力が逆に地盤Gの掘削箇所(掘削壁面)の土圧・水圧に対抗できる状態となり、その圧力で地盤Gの崩落や水分の噴発が防止されることとなる。
また、掘削箇所の脆さや地盤Gの水分量に変化に対してはバルブ4の膨張量を任意に調整することで柔軟に対応できる。
【0011】
本実施例ではこのように構成したから、掘削された土砂で掘削箇所を崩落しないように押圧しながら排出することで安全且つ短期間に掘進できる。また、未然に崩落等を防止できるので地盤Gの改良作業量を著しく低減させ、結果、地盤改良材や薬液注入材を多量に使用することがなく汚染や公害を防止できる。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば地盤改良の作業量を低減させ、しかも地盤中の水分の噴発や崩落を防止して安定した掘進を可能とする地盤掘削装置を提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例の刃口掘削装置の内部の説明図である。
【図2】実施例の刃口掘削装置の正面図である。
【図3】実施例の刃口掘削装置の背面図である。
【図4】実施例の刃口掘削装置のカッターの回動機構の説明図である。
【図5】実施例のカッターを構成する部材の説明図である。
【図6】実施例の刃口掘削装置の使用状態を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 カッター
1a 基台
1b 掘削ビット
1c 撹拌ビット
1d 取付板
1e ボルト
2 外殻
2a モータ
2b リングギヤ
2c 平ギヤ
2d 角度調整機構
3 排土管
4 バルブ
4a 空気導入口
5 推進管
G 地盤
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a blade digging apparatus for excavating the ground.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a blade edge pipe is attached to the front end of the excavation pipe 11 and penetrates into the ground, and the ground is excavated manually by the inside of the pipe. There is a construction method, and in the propulsion construction method, the equipment is relatively simple and the cost is low, so it has been widely used since ancient times.
By the way, in this method, since the excavation site of the ground is opened so that the earth and sand can be discharged freely, there is a high risk of the collapse of the ground and the eruption of moisture in the ground. Therefore, it is necessary to inject a large amount of ground improvement material or chemical solution injection material, which may cause water contamination and pollution in the ground, and increase the cost.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is a blade that eliminates these conventional problems, reduces the amount of work for ground improvement, prevents the eruption and collapse of moisture in the ground, and enables stable excavation It is to provide a mouth drilling device.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The configuration of the present invention that solves this problem is as follows.
1) A cutter with a plurality of excavation bits attached to the front end of a cylindrical outer shell is rotatably provided, a driving means for rotating the cutter is provided inside the outer shell, and a propelling pipe is provided at the rear end of the outer shell. A blade excavator that is arranged and digs while pushing a propulsion pipe from the rear to form a pipeline, and takes the excavated earth and sand in the outer shell behind the cutter and sends it back The earth removal pipe is provided in the direction of the center of the cylinder at the center of the outer shell, the cutter is rotatably attached to the front end of the outer shell and has an opening at the center, and an annular mounting plate attached to the front surface of the ring gear A plurality of front end of the annular mounting plate is detachably attached so as to be divided into a plurality along the circumferential direction, the inner surface is reduced in diameter toward the rear, and the rear end is rotatably connected to the tip of the soil discharge pipe Attached to the base of the base and the tip of the base And drilling bits, consists of a stirred bit attached to the inner surface of reduced diameter of the base, the drive means rotates the cutter by rotating the ring gear, the valves provided in the middle of the exhaust drainpipe, the Face A blade excavator 2 that takes in excavated earth and sand from the reduced inner diameters of a plurality of bases into the tip opening of the earth discharging pipe, and further adjusts the amount of earth and sand discharge and the pressure of the face with the valve of the earth discharging pipe. ) The valve is provided with an inflatable body that can be expanded by introducing gas or liquid into the inner periphery of the soil discharge pipe, and the passage area of the soil discharge pipe can be adjusted by expansion and contraction of the expansion body. It exists in the blade digging apparatus of said 1) described.
[0005]
[Action]
According to the present invention, the pipe is formed by disposing the propulsion pipe at the rear end of the outer shell, excavating the ground by applying a rotational force to the cutter and pressing the propulsion pipe from the rear. The excavated earth and sand are discharged backward from the inside of the cutter through the earth discharging pipe. Here, the amount of earth and sand excavated in front of the valve remains and a certain amount of earth and sand remains, by suppressing the amount of earth and sand discharged by the valve according to the situation where the ground is easily collapsed and moisture in the ground is likely to erupt. It can resist water pressure, and earth and sand press the excavation site of the ground, preventing collapse and eruption of moisture.
In the case where an expansion body that expands by introducing gas or liquid is provided on the inner periphery of the earth discharge pipe, the area of the earth and sand discharge path can be adjusted arbitrarily by expanding and contracting the expansion body, making it easy to discharge earth and sand. It can be controlled and the face pressure can be adjusted.
Reduced in diameter toward the inner diameter of the cutter to the rear, because the stirring bit on the inner peripheral surface provided, so that the excavated earth and sand can be delivered to the finely crushed smoothly backwards stirring bits.
A cutter that has a structure in which a plurality of bases are detachably attached and can be divided and assembled can be easily collected after excavation and reused to reduce excavation costs.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Valves that can be mechanically opened and closed, such as slide gates and on-off valves, can be used as valves, but they can be inflated by introducing air into durable bag-like items such as synthetic rubber and cloth-like items Even if the earth and sand discharge path is narrowed by expansion, it is formed in a gentle passage, and the earth and sand can be discharged smoothly.
[0007]
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the inside of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the blade excavator of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter turning mechanism of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of members constituting the cutter of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a usage state of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
[0009]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cutter, wherein a plurality of excavation bits 1b are annularly attached to the front end at a predetermined interval, the rear end is reduced in diameter so as to form a perspective surface, and a plurality of agitation bits 1c are formed on the inner slope. Are attached radially at predetermined intervals. In this cutter 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, each base 1a divided into a plurality of bodies along the circumferential direction is detachably attached to a mounting plate 1d with bolts 1e.
Reference numeral 2 denotes an outer shell. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of motors 2a for rotating the cutter 1 are provided along the inner circumferential direction, and the driving force of the motor 2a is applied to the rear of the cutter 1 as shown in FIG. It can be transmitted to a large-diameter ring gear 2b attached to the outer periphery of the end via a flat gear 2c. Further, a plurality of angle adjusting mechanisms 2d are provided between the motors 2a in order to finely adjust the digging direction by changing the inclination angle from the center line of the cutter 1.
Reference numeral 3 denotes a soil discharge pipe having the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the rear end of the cutter 1, and the front end thereof and the rear end of the cutter 1 are connected so that the cutter 1 can rotate.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a valve, which is made of a durable bag-like synthetic rubber that can be inflated by introducing a fluid such as air into the inside thereof. Is pumped to the air inlet 4a and introduced into the valve 4 so that the valve 4 can be freely expanded and contracted.
5 is a propulsion pipe, G is the ground.
[0010]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the propulsion pipe 5 is disposed at the rear end of the outer shell 2, and each motor 2a is operated to transmit the driving force to the ring gear 2b to rotate the cutter 1, The ground G is excavated and the propulsion pipe 5 is pressed from behind by pressing the propelling pipe 5 to form a pipe line. The excavated earth and sand are taken into the earth discharging pipe 3 from the inside of the cutter 1 and sequentially discharged backward.
Here, when the excavation site collapses due to the nature or state of the ground G or the water in the ground G is likely to erupt, air is introduced into the valve 4 to expand to a predetermined size, Reduce the volume of excavated earth and sand by reducing the passage area. By doing so, the excavated earth and sand once remain in front of the valve 4 and a force for discharging the earth and sand can counteract the earth pressure / water pressure at the excavation site (excavation wall surface) of the ground G. In this state, the ground G is prevented from collapsing and water eruption.
Moreover, it can respond flexibly by adjusting the expansion amount of the valve | bulb 4 arbitrarily with respect to the brittleness of an excavation location, or the change in the moisture content of the ground G. FIG.
[0011]
Since this embodiment is configured as described above, it is possible to dig safely and in a short period of time by discharging while excavating the excavated soil so as not to collapse. In addition, since collapse can be prevented, the amount of improvement work for the ground G can be significantly reduced. As a result, contamination and pollution can be prevented without using a large amount of ground improvement material or chemical injection material.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a ground excavation apparatus that can reduce the amount of work for ground improvement, and prevent stable digging by preventing the ejection and collapse of moisture in the ground.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the inside of a blade digging apparatus according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter rotation mechanism of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of members constituting the cutter of the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a usage state of the blade digging apparatus according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutter 1a Base 1b Excavation bit 1c Stirring bit 1d Mounting plate 1e Bolt 2 Outer shell 2a Motor 2b Ring gear 2c Flat gear 2d Angle adjustment mechanism 3 Drainage pipe 4 Valve 4a Air inlet 5 Propulsion pipe G Ground

Claims (2)

筒状の外殻の前端に複数の掘削ビットを環状に取り付けたカッターを回転自在に設け、外殻の内部にカッターを回動させる駆動手段を設け、外殻の後端に推進管を配置し、後方から推進管を押圧して管路を形成しながら掘進するようにした刃口掘削装置であって、前記カッターの後方の外殻内に掘削された土砂を取り込んで後方に送出する排土管を外殻の中央の筒中心線方向に設け、前記カッターは外殻の前端に回転自在に取り付けられ且つ中央に開口を有するリングギヤと、同リングギヤの前面に取り付けられた環状の取付板と、同環状の取付板の前端を円周方向に沿って複数に分割するように脱着自在に取り付けられ且つ内面を後方に向かって縮径し後端を排土管の先端と回転自在に連接した複数の基台と、同基台先端に取り付けられた掘削ビットと、基台の縮径する内面に取り付けられた撹拌ビットとからなり、駆動手段はリングギヤを回転させてカッターを回動させ、同排土管の途中にバルブを設け、切羽の掘削された土砂を複数の基台の縮径した内面から排土管の先端開口へ取り込み、更に土砂の排出量及び切羽の圧力を排土管の前記バルブで調整できるようにした、刃口掘削装置。A cutter with a plurality of excavation bits attached to the front end of a cylindrical outer shell is provided rotatably, a driving means for rotating the cutter is provided inside the outer shell, and a propulsion pipe is disposed at the rear end of the outer shell. A blade excavator that presses a propelling pipe from behind to form a pipeline and excavates the earth and sand that is excavated in the outer shell behind the cutter and sends it backward. the provided in the center of the cylinder's center line direction of the outer shell, wherein the cutter and the ring gear and having a central opening rotatably attached to the front end of the outer shell, an annular mounting plate attached to the front surface of the ring gear, the A plurality of bases that are detachably attached so that the front end of the annular mounting plate is divided into a plurality of portions along the circumferential direction, the inner surface is reduced in diameter toward the rear, and the rear end is rotatably connected to the tip of the soil discharge pipe Mounted on the base and the tip of the base And cutting bit consists of a stirred bit attached to the inner surface of reduced diameter of the base, drive means to rotate the ring gear to rotate the cutter, the valves provided in the middle of the discharge drainpipe, drilled the Face A cutting edge excavator that takes in the earth and sand from the reduced inner diameters of a plurality of bases into the tip opening of the earth discharging pipe, and further allows the discharge of earth and sand and the pressure of the face to be adjusted by the valve of the earth discharging pipe . バルブが、排土管の内周に気体又は液体を導入して膨張させることができる体積変化の可能な膨張体を設けたものであり、膨張体の膨縮により排土管の通路面積を調整できるようにした請求項1記載の刃口掘削装置。  The valve is provided with an inflatable body that can be expanded by introducing gas or liquid into the inner periphery of the soil discharge pipe, and the passage area of the soil discharge pipe can be adjusted by expansion and contraction of the expansion body. The blade digging apparatus according to claim 1.
JP2001186477A 2001-06-20 2001-06-20 Cutting edge drilling equipment Expired - Lifetime JP4651867B2 (en)

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JP4731446B2 (en) * 2006-11-01 2011-07-27 株式会社奥村組 Tunnel excavator
JP4902328B2 (en) * 2006-12-05 2012-03-21 株式会社フジタ Method for maintaining pressure in chamber when starting shield machine
CN107386407A (en) * 2017-09-05 2017-11-24 天津恒信有源机械设备有限公司 Cobble push-bench feeds conveying structure

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JPS5914898U (en) * 1982-07-21 1984-01-28 日立造船株式会社 shield tunneling machine
JPS6022599U (en) * 1983-07-21 1985-02-16 株式会社小松製作所 Excavation device for pipe burial
JPS6032492U (en) * 1983-08-08 1985-03-05 株式会社扶桑技研 Underground pipe tip cutting device
JPS6037400A (en) * 1983-08-10 1985-02-26 三和機材株式会社 Horizontal auger for pebble ground
JPS60139895U (en) * 1984-12-20 1985-09-17 セキソ株式会社 Head for propulsion method used in soft ground
JPH0363400A (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-03-19 Komatsu Ltd Excavated soil sealing type shield machine
JPH05141189A (en) * 1991-11-16 1993-06-08 Nittoc Constr Co Ltd Semi-shield machine
JPH0676495U (en) * 1993-04-14 1994-10-28 文博 高木 Propulsion machine pressure adjustment mechanism
JPH09268879A (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-14 East Japan Railway Co Pilot hole excavator of underground buried body
JP2001182482A (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-07-06 Kidoh Construction Co Ltd Shield machine for gravel

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