JP4621443B2 - Drainage culvert formation method - Google Patents

Drainage culvert formation method Download PDF

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JP4621443B2
JP4621443B2 JP2004178616A JP2004178616A JP4621443B2 JP 4621443 B2 JP4621443 B2 JP 4621443B2 JP 2004178616 A JP2004178616 A JP 2004178616A JP 2004178616 A JP2004178616 A JP 2004178616A JP 4621443 B2 JP4621443 B2 JP 4621443B2
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groove
hydrophobic material
drainage culvert
culvert
drainage
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JP2006002400A (en
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恒雄 小野寺
新作 藤森
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National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Description

本発明は、排水暗渠の形成方法に関し、詳しくは、湿地での排水用等に設置される排水暗渠であって、特に溝底部に敷設された通水パイプの上部に疎水材を充填した排水暗渠を形成するための方法に関する。 The present invention relates to the formation how drainage culvert, details, a drainage culvert to be installed in such drainage in wetlands, filled with hydrophobic material, especially at the top of the water flow pipes laid in the groove bottom about the way for the formation of a drainage culvert.

従来から圃場の地中に通水性パイプ（有孔管、コルゲートパイプ）を埋設し、この通水パイプを介して圃場からの排水を行ったり、圃場の地下水位を制御することが行われている。この通水パイプを埋設する装置として、通水パイプ埋設溝の掘削部（ヂゼル）と、該掘削部の後部に設けられた通水パイプガイド部と、通水パイプの上部に疎水材を投入する疎水材投入部（ホッパー及び繰出し口）とを備えた排水暗渠形成装置が知られている。この暗渠形成装置は、ブルドーザの牽引リンクに連結されて進行し、通水パイプ埋設溝の掘削形成と、溝底部への通水パイプの敷設と、通水パイプ上部への疎水材の投入とを連続的に行えるように形成されている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
特公昭６０−１７８９４号公報 Conventionally, water-permeable pipes (perforated pipes, corrugated pipes) have been buried in the ground of the field, and drainage from the field and control of the groundwater level of the field have been performed through this water-flow pipe. . As a device for burying the water pipe, a hydrophobic material is introduced into the excavation part (diesel) of the water pipe embedding groove, the water pipe guide part provided at the rear of the excavation part, and the upper part of the water pipe. 2. Description of the Related Art A drainage culvert forming apparatus having a hydrophobic material charging unit (a hopper and a feeding port) is known. This culvert formation device is connected to the tow link of the bulldozer and proceeds to excavate and form the water passage buried groove, to lay the water passage pipe at the bottom of the groove, and to introduce the hydrophobic material to the top of the water passage pipe. It is formed so that it can be continuously performed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-17894

しかしながら、従来の暗渠形成装置では、排水暗渠形成地の地中に石が多く存在していると、掘削部での溝の掘削形成ができなくなることがあった。このようなときには、暗渠形成装置が停止した地点をバックホーで掘り下げ、石を取り除いてから排水暗渠の形成を再開しなければならなかった。このため、作業効率が著しく低下するだけでなく、地中の石を地表面に排出するため、田畑での耕作作業に支障を来さないように、排水暗渠形成後に地表面付近の石を排除する必要もあった。さらに、従来の排水暗渠は、溝幅が比較的広いので大量の疎水材を必要とするため、籾殻等の疎水材に要するコストが問題になるだけでなく、ホッパーに疎水材を投入する作業も面倒なものとなっていた。   However, in the conventional culvert forming apparatus, if there are many stones in the ground of the drainage culvert forming area, the excavation part may not be able to excavate the groove. In such a case, it was necessary to dig up the point where the culvert formation apparatus stopped at the backhoe, remove the stones, and restart the formation of the drainage culvert. This not only significantly reduces work efficiency, but also discharges underground stones to the ground surface, so that stones near the ground surface are eliminated after drainage culverts are formed so as not to hinder the cultivation work in the fields. There was also a need to do. Furthermore, since the conventional drainage culvert requires a large amount of hydrophobic material because of the relatively wide groove width, the cost required for the hydrophobic material such as rice husks becomes a problem, and the work of introducing the hydrophobic material into the hopper is also required. It was troublesome.

そこで本発明は、地中に石が多く存在している場合でも、石を地表面に浮き上がらせることなく、効率よく排水暗渠を形成することができ、さらに、通水性能等を損なうことなく籾殻等の疎水材の使用量を削減することもできる排水暗渠の形成方法を提供することを目的としている。 Therefore, the present invention can efficiently form a drainage culvert without causing the stone to float on the ground surface even when there are a lot of stones in the ground, and furthermore, the rice husks without impairing the water flow performance etc. and its object is to provide a form how drainage culvert which can also reduce the amount of the hydrophobic material and the like.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明の排水暗渠の形成方法は、通水パイプ埋設溝の掘削部と、該掘削部で形成した通水パイプ埋設溝の底部に向けて通水パイプを送り出す通水パイプガイド部と、通水パイプガイド部から溝底部に送り出された通水パイプの上部に疎水材を投入する疎水材投入部とを備えた排水暗渠形成装置を使用して排水暗渠を形成するにあたり、前記通水パイプ埋設溝の溝部の溝幅以下の溝幅で、かつ、前記通水パイプ埋設溝の深さ以上の深さを有するガイド溝を、地中に挿入したガイド溝形成用のブレードにて、排水暗渠形成予定位置にあらかじめ形成した後、前記排水暗渠形成装置を使用して排水暗渠を形成することを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, the method for forming a drainage culvert of the present invention includes a water flow pipe for sending a water flow pipe toward the excavation part of the water pipe embedding groove and the bottom part of the water pipe embedding groove formed by the excavation part. In forming a drainage culvert using a drainage culvert forming apparatus having a pipe guide part and a hydrophobic material input part for supplying a hydrophobic material to the upper part of the water flow pipe fed from the water flow pipe guide part to the groove bottom part A guide groove forming blade in which a guide groove having a groove width equal to or smaller than the groove width of the water pipe embedded groove and having a depth equal to or greater than the depth of the water pipe embedded groove is inserted into the ground. The drainage culvert is formed using the drainage culvert forming apparatus after the drainage culvert is formed in advance.

さらに、本発明の排水暗渠の形成方法は、前記ガイド溝は、バックホーに設けられている作業アームの先端に基端部を装着した前記ガイド溝形成用のブレードを、前記作業アームを操作して地中に挿入し、この状態で前記ブレードを移動させることにより形成することを特徴としている。 Furthermore, the method of forming the drainage culvert of the present invention, prior Symbol guide groove, a blade for the guide groove formed fitted with a proximal end to a distal end of the working arm is provided in the backhoe, and operating the working arm It is formed by inserting it into the ground and moving the blade in this state .

本発明方法によれば、排水暗渠形成予定位置の土中に含まれる石をガイド溝を形成するときにガイド溝の左右いずれかに移動させておくことができるので、ガイド溝に続く通水パイプ埋設溝の掘削形成を石に邪魔されずに容易に行えるとともに、土中の石を地表面に排出することがないので、耕作作業に影響を与えることもなくない。   According to the method of the present invention, the stone contained in the soil at the planned drainage culvert formation position can be moved to either the left or right of the guide groove when forming the guide groove, so the water flow pipe that follows the guide groove The excavation formation of the buried trench can be easily performed without being disturbed by the stones, and the stones in the soil are not discharged to the ground surface, so that the cultivation work is not affected.

図１乃至図４は、本発明に使用する排水暗渠形成装置の一形態例を示すもので、図１は正面図、図２は平面図、図３は排水暗渠掘削方向前方から見た側面図、図４は同じく後方から見た側面図である。 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a drainage culvert forming apparatus used in the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a side view seen from the front of the drainage culvert excavation direction. FIG. 4 is a side view as seen from the rear.

本形態例に示す排水暗渠形成装置１１は、後述する作業機の昇降部材に装着支持される作業機装着部１２と、該作業機装着部１２に一体的に設けられた疎水材ホッパー１３と、該疎水材ホッパー１３の下部に連設された疎水材投入部１４と、該疎水材投入部１４の排水暗渠掘削方向後方下部に設けられた疎水材投入口１５と、該疎水材投入口１５及び前記疎水材投入部１４の排水暗渠掘削方向前方に設けられた溝形成用のブレード部（掘削部）１６と、該ブレード部１６及び前記疎水材投入部１４の下端部に設けられた弾丸１７と、前記ブレード部１６の後方上部に挿入口１８ａが開口し、ブレード部１６の後方から前記弾丸１７の内部を通って弾丸１７の後端に送出口１８ｂが開口した通水パイプガイド部１８とを備えている。   The drainage culvert forming apparatus 11 shown in the present embodiment includes a work machine mounting part 12 that is mounted and supported on a lifting member of a work machine, which will be described later, a hydrophobic material hopper 13 provided integrally with the work machine mounting part 12, A hydrophobic material inlet 14 continuously provided in the lower part of the hydrophobic material hopper 13, a hydrophobic material inlet 15 provided at a rear lower portion of the hydrophobic material inlet 14 in the drainage culvert excavation direction, the hydrophobic material inlet 15 and A groove forming blade portion (excavation portion) 16 provided in front of the drainage culvert excavation direction of the hydrophobic material input portion 14, and a bullet 17 provided at the lower end portion of the blade portion 16 and the hydrophobic material input portion 14, An insertion port 18a is opened at the upper rear part of the blade part 16, and a water pipe guide part 18 having a delivery port 18b opened at the rear end of the bullet 17 through the inside of the bullet 17 from the rear of the blade part 16. I have.

作業機装着部１２及び疎水材ホッパー１３は、排水暗渠形成装置１１を装着する作業機に直接的あるいは間接的に設けられている昇降部材あるいは作業機が押動又は牽引する走行体に設けられている昇降部材の形状や構造に応じて形成されるもので、昇降部材への装着構造は、係止、係合、嵌合、嵌着、ボルト締め等の適宜な固定構造を採用することができる。また、作業機と排水暗渠形成装置１１とは、専用機として一体的に構成してもよいが、通常は、ブルドーザやトラクタ等の汎用の作業機に着脱交換可能に装着できるように形成することが望ましい。   The work machine mounting portion 12 and the hydrophobic material hopper 13 are provided on a traveling member that is directly or indirectly provided on a work machine on which the drainage culvert forming device 11 is mounted or a traveling body that is pushed or pulled by the work machine. An appropriate fixing structure such as locking, engaging, fitting, fitting, bolting, etc. can be adopted as the mounting structure to the lifting member. . The working machine and the drainage culvert forming device 11 may be integrally configured as a dedicated machine, but normally, the working machine and the drainage culvert forming apparatus 11 are formed so as to be detachably attachable to general-purpose working machines such as a bulldozer and a tractor. Is desirable.

さらに、作業機における昇降部材の位置は、作業機の前進方向前部側及び前進方向後部側のいずれでも可能であり、作業機の性能に応じて選択することができる。例えば、ブルドーザの場合は、前部に昇降可能な状態で排土板が設けられており、前進時に排土板で土砂を押し動かすように形成されているから、この排土板を昇降部材として利用し、排水暗渠形成装置１１を排土板に装着することにより、ブルドーザの特性を有効に利用することができる。   Furthermore, the position of the elevating member in the work implement can be any of the forward direction front side and the forward direction rear side of the work implement, and can be selected according to the performance of the work implement. For example, in the case of a bulldozer, the earth removal plate is provided in a state that can be raised and lowered at the front part, and since it is formed to push the earth and sand with the earth removal plate when moving forward, this earth removal plate is used as an elevating member. The characteristics of the bulldozer can be used effectively by using and attaching the drainage culvert forming device 11 to the earth discharging board.

また、トレンチャー後部の掘削機部を排水暗渠形成装置１１に交換することもでき、トラクタの後部に油圧シリンダ等を駆動源とする昇降部材を装着し、ここに排水暗渠形成装置１１を取り付けることもできる。さらに、バックホーのアームに排水暗渠形成装置１１を取り付けることもできる。   Also, the excavator part at the rear of the trencher can be replaced with the drainage culvert forming device 11, and a lifting member using a hydraulic cylinder or the like as a drive source is attached to the rear of the tractor, and the drainage culvert forming device 11 can be attached here. it can. Furthermore, the drainage culvert forming device 11 can be attached to the arm of the backhoe.

疎水材ホッパー１３は、投入する疎水材の量に応じて任意の形状、容積に形成することができるが、排水暗渠形成時における一工程分の量、例えば、排水暗渠の長さで数十ｍ分の疎水材を投入することができる容積とし、その側壁内面の角度を、投入される疎水材の安息角以上の傾斜角度としておくことにより、排水暗渠形成時に疎水材ホッパー１３内に投入された疎水材の全量を、途中で目詰まりさせることなく、下方の疎水材投入部１４内に確実に落下させることができる。   The hydrophobic material hopper 13 can be formed in an arbitrary shape and volume depending on the amount of the hydrophobic material to be added, but it is an amount for one step at the time of drainage culvert formation, for example, the length of the drainage culvert is several tens of meters The volume of the hydrophobic material can be charged, and the angle of the inner surface of the side wall is set to an inclination angle equal to or greater than the angle of repose of the injected hydrophobic material, so that the drained culvert was formed in the hydrophobic material hopper 13. The entire amount of the hydrophobic material can be reliably dropped into the lower hydrophobic material charging portion 14 without being clogged in the middle.

また、疎水材ホッパー１３と疎水材投入部１４との間に、疎水材ホッパー１３から疎水材投入部１４への疎水材の落下を規制する遮断手段を設けておくこともできる。さらに、疎水材ホッパー１３の上部に、疎水材ホッパー１３に比べて大容量の疎水材補給用ホッパーを設けておくこともできる。   Further, a blocking means for restricting the dropping of the hydrophobic material from the hydrophobic material hopper 13 to the hydrophobic material charging portion 14 may be provided between the hydrophobic material hopper 13 and the hydrophobic material charging portion 14. Further, a hydrophobic material replenishment hopper having a larger capacity than that of the hydrophobic material hopper 13 may be provided above the hydrophobic material hopper 13.

疎水材投入部１４及び疎水材投入口１５は、排水暗渠上部側の疎水材投入部分における排水性能を損なわない範囲で溝内に疎水材を投入できるような幅寸法で形成されており、最大で通水パイプの外径と同程度の溝幅、好ましくは、通水パイプの外径に対して０．５〜０．９倍程度の溝幅となるようにしている。疎水材投入口１５の上下開口寸法は適当に設定することが可能であるが、一般的に、排水暗渠の深さが４０ｃｍ程度のときには、疎水材の充填高さが２５〜３０ｃｍになるように設定すればよい。   The hydrophobic material charging portion 14 and the hydrophobic material charging port 15 are formed with a width dimension that allows the hydrophobic material to be charged into the groove within a range that does not impair the drainage performance in the hydrophobic material charging portion on the upper side of the drainage culvert. The groove width is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the water passage pipe, and preferably the groove width is about 0.5 to 0.9 times the outer diameter of the water passage pipe. The upper and lower opening dimensions of the hydrophobic material inlet 15 can be set appropriately. Generally, when the depth of the drainage culvert is about 40 cm, the filling height of the hydrophobic material is set to 25 to 30 cm. You only have to set it.

さらに、図に破線で示すように、疎水材投入部１４の一方の側壁に、疎水材投入口１５に連続する切欠部１４ａを設けておくことにより、掘削した溝側壁との摺接によって疎水材投入部１４内の疎水材を効率よく溝内に投入することができる。   Further, as shown by a broken line in the figure, by providing a notch portion 14a continuous with the hydrophobic material inlet 15 on one side wall of the hydrophobic material inlet portion 14, the hydrophobic material is brought into sliding contact with the excavated groove side wall. The hydrophobic material in the charging part 14 can be efficiently charged into the groove.

疎水材投入部１４の前方に設けられたブレード部１６は、排水暗渠掘削方向先端部分を先鋭化させるとともに、下部を排水暗渠掘削方向後方側に傾斜させた板状体を鉛直方向に向けて配置したものであって、ブレード部１６の下端は前記弾丸１７の上面に、後端は前記通水パイプガイド部１８の外面に、それぞれ滑らかに連続するように形成されている。   The blade portion 16 provided in front of the hydrophobic material charging portion 14 sharpens the tip portion in the drainage culvert excavation direction and arranges the plate-like body inclined downward in the drainage culvert excavation direction in the vertical direction. The lower end of the blade portion 16 is formed on the upper surface of the bullet 17 and the rear end is formed on the outer surface of the water flow pipe guide portion 18 so as to be smoothly continuous.

前記弾丸１７は、溝底部に敷設する通水パイプの外径よりも十分に大きな外径、例えば、通水パイプの外径に対して２〜２．５倍程度の外径を有しており、通水パイプガイド部１８を通して供給される通水パイプの全周面における通水性能を十分に発揮できるようにしている。また、弾丸１７は、疎水材投入部１４に連通した中空形状に形成されており、疎水材投入部１４内の疎水材を弾丸１７の後部から溝内に投入できるように形成されている。   The bullet 17 has an outer diameter sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the water pipe laid at the bottom of the groove, for example, an outer diameter of about 2 to 2.5 times the outer diameter of the water pipe. The water flow performance on the entire circumference of the water pipe supplied through the water pipe guide portion 18 can be sufficiently exhibited. The bullet 17 is formed in a hollow shape communicating with the hydrophobic material charging portion 14 so that the hydrophobic material in the hydrophobic material charging portion 14 can be loaded into the groove from the rear portion of the bullet 17.

なお、本形態例では、疎水材投入部１４及び疎水材投入口１５の幅寸法を通水パイプの外径と同程度以下とし、通水パイプ敷設位置に弾丸１７を設けた例を示したが、疎水材投入部１４及び疎水材投入口１５の幅寸法を通水パイプの外径より大きくし、弾丸１７を省略した形状とすることもできる。例えば、疎水材投入部１４の縦断面を縦長長方形状とし、疎水材投入部１４の内部で、その前方部分（ブレード部１６の後部）から底部後方にわたって通水パイプガイド部１８を設けるようにしてもよい。   In the present embodiment, the width of the hydrophobic material inlet 14 and the hydrophobic material inlet 15 is set to be equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the water pipe, and the bullet 17 is provided at the water pipe laying position. The width of the hydrophobic material charging part 14 and the hydrophobic material charging port 15 may be larger than the outer diameter of the water pipe, and the bullet 17 may be omitted. For example, the vertical cross section of the hydrophobic material charging part 14 is formed into a vertically long rectangular shape, and the water flow pipe guide part 18 is provided in the hydrophobic material charging part 14 from the front part (the rear part of the blade part 16) to the rear of the bottom part. Also good.

図５乃至図８は、排水暗渠形成装置を、昇降部材であるブルドーザの排土板に装着して排水暗渠を形成する一形態例を示すもので、図５は排水暗渠掘削開始時の状態を示す正面図、図６は排水暗渠掘削方向後方から見た側面図、図７は排水暗渠掘削中の状態を示す正面図、図８は排水暗渠掘削終了時の状態を示す正面図である。また、図９は排水暗渠の一形状例を示す断面図である。   5 to 8 show an example of forming a drainage culvert by attaching the drainage culvert forming apparatus to a bulldozer drainage plate as a lifting member, and FIG. 5 shows a state at the start of drainage culvert excavation. FIG. 6 is a side view seen from the rear of the drain culvert excavation direction, FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state during the drain culvert excavation, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing a state at the end of the drain culvert excavation. Moreover, FIG. 9 is sectional drawing which shows one example of a drainage culvert shape.

排水暗渠形成装置１１は、作業機装着部１２を介してブルドーザ３１の排土板３２に装着され、図示しない固定ボルト等によって排土板３２の前方に固定される。排水暗渠形成装置１１を装着支持したブルドーザ３１は、排土板３２を上昇させて排水暗渠形成装置１１を地上に上げた状態で走行し、排水暗渠の形成開始位置より排水暗渠掘削方向手前側に位置させる。   The drainage culvert forming device 11 is attached to the earth removal plate 32 of the bulldozer 31 via the work machine attachment portion 12, and is fixed in front of the earth removal plate 32 by a fixing bolt (not shown). The bulldozer 31 with the drainage culvert formation device 11 mounted and supported travels with the drainage board 32 raised to raise the drainage culvert formation device 11 to the ground, and from the drainage culvert formation start position to the front side of the drainage culvert excavation direction. Position.

次に、ブルドーザ３１を前進させるとともに排土板３２を下降させて排水暗渠形成装置１１の下部を地中に挿入していく。これにより、図５に示すように、排水暗渠形成装置１１の下部は、ブルドーザ３１の前進と排土板３２の下降とにより、ブレード部１６の先端で溝部５１を掘削し、溝部５１の底部に弾丸１７による断面円形の弾丸部５２を形成しながら次第に地中に進入する。   Next, the bulldozer 31 is moved forward and the earth removal plate 32 is lowered to insert the lower part of the drainage culvert forming apparatus 11 into the ground. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower part of the drainage culvert forming apparatus 11 excavates the groove 51 at the tip of the blade part 16 by the advance of the bulldozer 31 and the lowering of the earth discharging plate 32, and the bottom of the groove 51 It gradually enters the ground while forming a bullet section 52 having a circular cross section by the bullet 17.

形成する排水暗渠の深さに応じた深さまで疎水材投入部１４やブレード部１６が地中に挿入した状態となったときに排土板３２の下降を停止する。通常、排水暗渠の形成開始位置は、暗渠管５３を埋設した暗渠排水溝５４の位置となるので、暗渠排水溝５４の手前でブルドーザ３１を一旦停止し、疎水材ホッパー１３内に籾殻等の疎水材５５を所定量投入するとともに、通水パイプガイド部１８を通して通水パイプ５６を挿入する。なお、疎水材５５は、田畑等では籾殻が最適であるが、小石等を使用することもできる。   When the hydrophobic material input part 14 and the blade part 16 are inserted into the ground up to a depth corresponding to the depth of the drainage culvert to be formed, the lowering of the earth discharging plate 32 is stopped. Usually, the formation start position of the drainage culvert is the position of the culvert drainage groove 54 in which the culvert pipe 53 is embedded. Therefore, the bulldozer 31 is temporarily stopped in front of the culvert drainage groove 54 and the hydrophobic material hopper 13 is made hydrophobic. A predetermined amount of the material 55 is introduced, and the water flow pipe 56 is inserted through the water flow pipe guide portion 18. As the hydrophobic material 55, rice husks are optimal in fields and the like, but pebbles and the like can also be used.

そして、図７に示すように、ブルドーザ３１を前進させながら通水パイプ５６を挿入していくことにより、ブレード部１６が所定深さ、所定幅の溝部５１を押し拡げるようにして掘削形成し、通水パイプガイド部１８を通して挿入された通水パイプ５６が弾丸１７の後端から溝底部に敷設されるとともに、疎水材ホッパー１３内から疎水材投入部１４に落下した疎水材５５が疎水材投入口１５を通して通水パイプ５６の周囲及び上部の溝部５１内に投入される。   Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the water pipe 56 is inserted while the bulldozer 31 is moved forward, so that the blade portion 16 is formed by excavation so as to expand the groove portion 51 having a predetermined depth and a predetermined width, The water flow pipe 56 inserted through the water flow pipe guide 18 is laid from the rear end of the bullet 17 to the bottom of the groove, and the hydrophobic material 55 dropped from the hydrophobic material hopper 13 to the hydrophobic material charging portion 14 is charged into the hydrophobic material. The water is introduced into the groove 51 around and above the water flow pipe 56 through the mouth 15.

排水暗渠形成装置１１が排水暗渠形成終端位置、例えば、図８に示すように、畦畔５７の近傍に至ったときには、通水パイプ５６の挿入を終了するとともにブルドーザ３１を停止させ、排土板３２を上昇させて排水暗渠形成装置１１を地中から引き抜く。このとき、排水暗渠形成装置１１を畦畔５７の近くまで押し進めることができるので、通水パイプ５６を畦畔５７の極めて近い位置まで敷設することができる。   When the drainage culvert forming device 11 reaches the drainage culvert formation end position, for example, in the vicinity of the ridge 57, as shown in FIG. 8, the insertion of the water pipe 56 is terminated and the bulldozer 31 is stopped, and the drainage plate 32 is raised and the drainage culvert forming apparatus 11 is pulled out from the ground. At this time, since the drainage culvert forming device 11 can be pushed up to the vicinity of the shore 57, the water flow pipe 56 can be laid to a position very close to the shore 57.

また、疎水材ホッパー１３内への疎水材５５の投入量を通水パイプ５６の敷設長さに応じた量に設定することにより、必要量を溝部５１内に充填できるとともに、排水暗渠形成前後に地上に落下する疎水材量を最小限とすることができる。さらに、排土板３２を適度に上昇させながらブルドーザ３１を前進させることにより、通水パイプ５６に適度な水勾配を与えることができる。   Further, by setting the amount of the hydrophobic material 55 to be introduced into the hydrophobic material hopper 13 to an amount corresponding to the laying length of the water pipe 56, the required amount can be filled in the groove portion 51, and before and after the drain culvert formation. The amount of hydrophobic material falling on the ground can be minimized. Furthermore, an appropriate water gradient can be given to the water flow pipe 56 by advancing the bulldozer 31 while appropriately raising the drainage plate 32.

図９に示すように、上述のようにして形成された排水暗渠５８は、溝部５１の底部に形成された大径の弾丸部５２の底部に通水パイプ５６を敷設し、その周囲及び上部に疎水材５５が充填された状態となる。このとき、溝部５１の幅を弾丸部５２や通水パイプ５６よりも狭く形成することにより、疎水材５５の使用量を従来よりも大幅に削減することができる。   As shown in FIG. 9, the drainage culvert 58 formed as described above has a water passage pipe 56 laid on the bottom of a large-diameter bullet 52 formed on the bottom of the groove 51, and the periphery and top thereof. The state is filled with the hydrophobic material 55. At this time, by forming the width of the groove 51 narrower than that of the bullet 52 and the water flow pipe 56, the amount of the hydrophobic material 55 used can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case.

また、図１０の正面図に示すように、疎水材投入部１４の一方の側壁に切欠部１４ａを設けておけば、疎水材投入部１４内の疎水材を疎水材投入口１５から効率よく溝部５１内に投入することができる。   Further, as shown in the front view of FIG. 10, if a notch portion 14 a is provided on one side wall of the hydrophobic material charging portion 14, the hydrophobic material in the hydrophobic material charging portion 14 can be efficiently transferred from the hydrophobic material charging port 15 to the groove portion. 51.

さらに、図１１及び図１２の各説明図に示すように、モーター６１によって回転する駆動ローラー６２と、スプリング６３の作用で通水パイプ５６を駆動ローラー６２に押し付けるテンションローラー６４とを設け、通水パイプ５６の挿入を自動的に行う通水パイプ自動挿入手段を設けることもできる。加えて、図１２の説明図に示すように、検出ローラー６５の回転数によって通水パイプ５６の挿入量を検出するセンサー６６と、ブルドーザ３１の移動量を検出するセンサー６７とを設けるとともに、演算手段６８で両センサー６６，６７からの信号を比較して挿入量と移動量との差を検出し、両者の差が規定量以上になったときに制御部６９にエラー表示を行ったり、自動的にブルドーザ３１や通水パイプ５６の挿入を停止させる安全機構を設けることもできる。   Furthermore, as shown in each explanatory drawing of FIG.11 and FIG.12, the drive roller 62 rotated with the motor 61 and the tension roller 64 which presses the water flow pipe 56 against the drive roller 62 by the effect | action of the spring 63 are provided. It is also possible to provide a water pipe automatic insertion means for automatically inserting the pipe 56. In addition, as shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 12, a sensor 66 for detecting the insertion amount of the water flow pipe 56 based on the number of rotations of the detection roller 65 and a sensor 67 for detecting the movement amount of the bulldozer 31 are provided, and calculation is performed. The means 68 compares the signals from both sensors 66 and 67 to detect the difference between the insertion amount and the movement amount, and when the difference between the two exceeds a specified amount, an error is displayed on the control unit 69 or automatically. It is also possible to provide a safety mechanism that stops the insertion of the bulldozer 31 and the water flow pipe 56.

図１３乃至図１６は、本発明方法の一形態例を示すもので、図１３はガイド溝掘削状態を示す正面図、図１４はガイド溝の形状を示す断面図、図１５はガイド溝形成後に排水暗渠を形成している状態を示す正面図。図１６は排水暗渠の断面図である。   FIGS. 13 to 16 show an example of the method of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a front view showing a guide groove excavation state, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of the guide groove, and FIG. The front view which shows the state which forms the drainage culvert. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a drainage culvert.

この方法は、前記排水暗渠形成装置１１を使用して前述のように排水暗渠５８を形成する前に、排水暗渠５８の溝部５１の幅以下の溝幅で、排水暗渠５８の深さ以上の深さを有するガイド溝７１をブレード７２によって排水暗渠形成予定位置にあらかじめ形成するものである。ブレード７２は、金属板の先端を先鋭化したものであって、このブレード７２も、排水暗渠形成装置１１と同様にしてブルドーザ３１やトラクタ等の作業機に設けられた昇降部材に装着され、作業機を走行させることによってガイド溝７１を掘削形成する。   In this method, before the drainage culvert 58 is formed using the drainage culvert forming apparatus 11, the groove width is equal to or smaller than the width of the groove 51 of the drainage culvert 58, and the depth is equal to or greater than the depth of the drainage culvert 58. A guide groove 71 having a thickness is previously formed by a blade 72 at a planned drainage culvert formation position. The blade 72 is a sharpened tip of a metal plate, and this blade 72 is also mounted on a lifting member provided on a working machine such as the bulldozer 31 or the tractor in the same manner as the drainage culvert forming device 11 to work. The guide groove 71 is formed by excavation by running the machine.

このブレード７２によるガイド溝７１の掘削形成は、ブレード７２の幅が狭いために容易に行うことができ、ブレード７２の進行方向の土中に石が存在していても、石をブレード７２で左右に押しのけながらガイド溝７１を掘削形成するので、土中の石が地表面に出ることはない。   The excavation and formation of the guide groove 71 by the blade 72 can be easily performed because the width of the blade 72 is narrow. Even if there is stone in the soil in the traveling direction of the blade 72, the stone is left and right by the blade 72. Since the guide groove 71 is formed by excavation, the soil stones do not come out to the ground surface.

そして、このようなガイド溝７１を掘削形成した後に、排水暗渠形成装置１１を使用して前記同様の排水暗渠５８の掘削形成を開始すると、あらかじめブレード７２によって形成したガイド溝７１に沿うようにして排水暗渠形成装置１１を進行させるので、掘削抵抗を大幅に軽減できるとともに、土中の石によって排水暗渠形成装置１１の進行が困難になることもなくなる。   Then, after excavating and forming such a guide groove 71, when the excavation and formation of the drainage culvert 58 similar to the above is started using the drainage culvert forming apparatus 11, the guide groove 71 is formed along the guide groove 71 previously formed by the blade 72. Since the drainage culvert forming device 11 is advanced, excavation resistance can be significantly reduced, and the progress of the drainage culvert forming device 11 is not difficult due to the stone in the soil.

さらに、排水暗渠５８の溝深さよりもガイド溝７１を深く形成しておくことにより、石の排除をより確実に行うことができる。なお、ガイド溝７１の底部は、排水暗渠形成装置１１によって排水暗渠５８を形成する際に埋められた状態となる。   Furthermore, stones can be more reliably removed by forming the guide groove 71 deeper than the groove depth of the drainage culvert 58. The bottom of the guide groove 71 is filled when the drainage culvert 58 is formed by the drainage culvert forming device 11.

また、万一、土中に大きな石が存在していてブレード７２によるガイド溝７１の掘削も行えないような事態が発生しても、バックホーにより石を掘り起こして排水暗渠形成前に排除しておくことができるので、排水暗渠形成装置１１による排水暗渠５８の掘削形成は問題なく行うことができる。なお、バックホーは、通常の作業において、疎水材の搬送等に使用しているので、別に手配する必要はない。   In addition, even if a large stone exists in the soil and the guide groove 71 cannot be excavated by the blade 72, the stone is excavated by the backhoe and eliminated before the drainage culvert is formed. Therefore, the excavation formation of the drainage culvert 58 by the drainage culvert forming apparatus 11 can be performed without any problem. In addition, since the backhoe is used for transporting the hydrophobic material or the like in the normal operation, it is not necessary to arrange it separately.

図１７乃至図２０は、バックホーに設けられている作業アームの先端にガイド溝形成用のブレードを備えた掘削具を装着して前記ガイド溝を形成する例を示すもので、図１７はバックホーの作業アームに掘削具を装着した状態を示す正面図、図１８は掘削具の正面図、図１９は掘削具の側面図、図２０はガイド溝掘削作業中の状態を示す正面図である。   FIGS. 17 to 20 show an example in which an excavator having a blade for forming a guide groove is attached to the tip of a work arm provided on the backhoe to form the guide groove. FIG. FIG. 18 is a front view of the excavating tool, FIG. 19 is a side view of the excavating tool, and FIG. 20 is a front view of the guide groove during excavation work.

掘削具７３は、ブレード７２の基部に略半円形のガイド板部７４を設けたものであって、このガイド板部７４には、円弧中心位置、すなわち、ブレード７２の基端部に相当する位置にアーム連結部７５が設けられるとともに、ガイド板部７４の円弧外周位置に駆動リンク連結部７６が設けられている。   The excavator 73 is provided with a substantially semicircular guide plate portion 74 at the base portion of the blade 72, and the guide plate portion 74 has a circular arc center position, that is, a position corresponding to the base end portion of the blade 72. In addition, an arm connecting portion 75 is provided, and a drive link connecting portion 76 is provided at an arc outer peripheral position of the guide plate portion 74.

この掘削具７３は、アーム連結部７５に挿入した回動軸７７を介してバックホー８１の作業アーム８２の先端に回動可能に装着されるとともに、駆動リンク連結部７６がリンク機構８３を介して駆動手段となる油圧シリンダー８４に連結される。この状態で油圧シリンダー８４を伸縮させることにより、前記掘削具７３を、前記回動軸７７を中心として回動させることができる。   The excavator 73 is rotatably mounted on the tip of the work arm 82 of the backhoe 81 via a rotation shaft 77 inserted into the arm connection portion 75, and the drive link connection portion 76 is connected via the link mechanism 83. It is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 84 which is a driving means. By extending and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 84 in this state, the excavator 73 can be rotated about the rotation shaft 77.

ブレード７２は、形成するガイド溝７１の幅や深さに応じた形状に形成されており、ガイド溝形成時の進行方向先端側に先鋭化部７２ａが設けられている。前記ガイド板部７４の一側面には、半割筒状のガイド部材７８が設けられており、ガイド溝７１を形成するときに、その外周面と地表面との関係を確認しながら作業アーム８２を操作することにより、所望の深さのガイド溝７１を形成することができるようにしている。   The blade 72 is formed in a shape corresponding to the width and depth of the guide groove 71 to be formed, and a sharpened portion 72a is provided on the front end side in the advancing direction when the guide groove is formed. A half-cylindrical guide member 78 is provided on one side of the guide plate portion 74. When the guide groove 71 is formed, the work arm 82 is confirmed while checking the relationship between the outer peripheral surface and the ground surface. By operating the guide groove 71, a guide groove 71 having a desired depth can be formed.

ガイド溝７１を掘削形成するときには、図２０に示すように、油圧シリンダー８４，８５，８６で作業アーム８２を操作してブレード７２を地中に挿入し、この状態でバックホー８１を走行させたり、作業アーム８２を操作したりしてブレード７２を所定の深さで所定の方向に移動させる。これにより、ブレード７２が通過した後の土中に所定形状のガイド溝７１が形成される。このようにバックホー８１を用いてガイド溝７１を形成することにより、土中に石が多く存在していても、所定形状のガイド溝７１を容易にかつ確実に形成することができる。   When excavating and forming the guide groove 71, as shown in FIG. 20, the work arm 82 is operated by the hydraulic cylinders 84, 85, 86 to insert the blade 72 into the ground, and the backhoe 81 is allowed to travel in this state, The blade 72 is moved in a predetermined direction at a predetermined depth by operating the work arm 82 or the like. Thereby, a guide groove 71 having a predetermined shape is formed in the soil after the blade 72 has passed. By forming the guide groove 71 using the backhoe 81 in this way, the guide groove 71 having a predetermined shape can be easily and reliably formed even if there are many stones in the soil.

本発明に使用する弾丸暗渠形成装置の一形態例を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows one example of the bullet culvert formation apparatus used for this invention. 同じく平面図である。It is also a plan view. 弾丸暗渠掘削方向前方から見た側面図である。It is the side view seen from the bullet culvert excavation direction front. 同じく後方から見た側面図である。It is the side view similarly seen from back. 排水暗渠掘削開始時の状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state at the time of drainage culvert excavation start. 排水暗渠掘削方向後方から見た側面図である。It is the side view seen from the drain culvert excavation direction back. 排水暗渠掘削中の状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state under drainage culvert excavation. 排水暗渠掘削終了時の状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state at the time of completion | finish of drainage culvert excavation. 排水暗渠の一形状例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows one example of a drainage culvert shape. 排水暗渠掘削中の他の状態例を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the other example of a state during drainage culvert excavation. 通水パイプ自動挿入手段の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a water flow pipe automatic insertion means. 安全機構の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a safety mechanism. ガイド溝掘削状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows a guide groove excavation state. ガイド溝の形状を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the shape of a guide groove. ガイド溝形成後に排水暗渠を形成している状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which has formed the drainage culvert after formation of a guide groove. 排水暗渠の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a drainage culvert. バックホーの作業アームに掘削具を装着した状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which mounted | wore the excavator with the work arm of the backhoe. 掘削具の正面図である。It is a front view of an excavation tool. 掘削具の側面図である。It is a side view of an excavation tool. ガイド溝掘削作業中の状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state under guide groove excavation work.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１１…排水暗渠形成装置、１２…作業機装着部、１３…疎水材ホッパー、１４…疎水材投入部、１４ａ…切欠部、１５…疎水材投入口、１６…ブレード部、１７…弾丸、１８…通水パイプガイド部、１８ａ…挿入口、１８ｂ…送出口、３１…ブルドーザ、３２…排土板、５１…溝部、５２…弾丸部、５３…暗渠管、５４…暗渠排水溝、５５…疎水材、５６…通水パイプ、５７…畦畔、５８…排水暗渠、６１…モーター、６２…駆動ローラー、６３…スプリング、６４…テンションローラー、６５…検出ローラー、６６，６７…センサー、６８…演算手段、６９…制御部、７１…ガイド溝、７２…ブレード、７２ａ…先鋭化部、７３…掘削具、７４…ガイド板部、７５…アーム連結部、７６…駆動リンク連結部、７７…回動軸、７８…ガイド部材、８１…バックホー、８２…作業アーム、８３…リンク機構、８４，８５，８６…油圧シリンダー   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Drainage culvert formation apparatus, 12 ... Working machine mounting part, 13 ... Hydrophobic material hopper, 14 ... Hydrophobic material input part, 14a ... Notch part, 15 ... Hydrophobic material input port, 16 ... Blade part, 17 ... Bullet, 18 ... Water passage pipe guide part, 18a ... insertion port, 18b ... outlet, 31 ... bulldozer, 32 ... soil discharging board, 51 ... groove part, 52 ... bullet part, 53 ... underdrain pipe, 54 ... underdrain drainage groove, 55 ... hydrophobic material , 56 ... water flow pipe, 57 ... shore, 58 ... drainage culvert, 61 ... motor, 62 ... drive roller, 63 ... spring, 64 ... tension roller, 65 ... detection roller, 66, 67 ... sensor, 68 ... calculation means , 69 ... control part, 71 ... guide groove, 72 ... blade, 72a ... sharpening part, 73 ... excavator, 74 ... guide plate part, 75 ... arm connection part, 76 ... drive link connection part, 77 ... rotating shaft 78 ... Guide part , 81 ... backhoe, 82 ... work arm, 83 ... link mechanism, 84, 85, 86 ... hydraulic cylinder

Claims (2)

通水パイプ埋設溝の掘削部と、該掘削部で形成した通水パイプ埋設溝の底部に向けて通水パイプを送り出す通水パイプガイド部と、通水パイプガイド部から溝底部に送り出された通水パイプの上部に疎水材を投入する疎水材投入部とを備えた排水暗渠形成装置を使用して排水暗渠を形成するにあたり、前記通水パイプ埋設溝の溝部の溝幅以下の溝幅で、かつ、前記通水パイプ埋設溝の深さ以上の深さを有するガイド溝を、地中に挿入したガイド溝形成用のブレードにて、排水暗渠形成予定位置にあらかじめ形成した後、前記排水暗渠形成装置を使用して排水暗渠を形成することを特徴とする排水暗渠の形成方法。 The excavation part of the water pipe buried groove, the water pipe guide part that sends the water pipe toward the bottom part of the water pipe buried groove formed by the excavation part, and the water pipe guide part sent out to the groove bottom part When forming a drainage culvert using a drainage culvert forming device provided with a hydrophobic material injection part for introducing a hydrophobic material into the upper part of the water flow pipe, the groove width is equal to or less than the groove width of the groove portion of the water flow pipe buried groove. And the guide groove having a depth equal to or greater than the depth of the water pipe embedded groove is formed in advance at a drain culvert formation planned position with a guide groove forming blade inserted into the ground, and then the drain culvert A method for forming a drainage culvert characterized by forming a drainage culvert using a forming apparatus. 前記ガイド溝は、バックホーに設けられている作業アームの先端に基端部を装着した前記ガイド溝形成用のブレードを、前記作業アームを操作して地中に挿入し、この状態で前記ブレードを移動させることにより形成することを特徴とする請求項１記載の排水暗渠の形成方法。 The guide groove is inserted into the ground by operating the work arm, and the guide groove forming blade having a base end attached to the tip of the work arm provided in the backhoe. It forms by moving , The formation method of the drainage culvert of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.
JP2004178616A 2004-06-16 2004-06-16 Drainage culvert formation method Expired - Lifetime JP4621443B2 (en)

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JP5521246B2 (en) * 2010-02-25 2014-06-11 キャタピラー九州株式会社 Drainage culvert forming device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003306929A (en) * 2002-04-15 2003-10-31 Padei Kenkyusho:Kk Mole drain forming equipment and method
JP2004003268A (en) * 2002-03-29 2004-01-08 Minamihaibara Kaihatsu Kk Underdrainage construction apparatus and its method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004003268A (en) * 2002-03-29 2004-01-08 Minamihaibara Kaihatsu Kk Underdrainage construction apparatus and its method
JP2003306929A (en) * 2002-04-15 2003-10-31 Padei Kenkyusho:Kk Mole drain forming equipment and method

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