JP4555496B2 - Shock absorber for vehicle - Google Patents

Shock absorber for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4555496B2
JP4555496B2 JP2001088224A JP2001088224A JP4555496B2 JP 4555496 B2 JP4555496 B2 JP 4555496B2 JP 2001088224 A JP2001088224 A JP 2001088224A JP 2001088224 A JP2001088224 A JP 2001088224A JP 4555496 B2 JP4555496 B2 JP 4555496B2
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
liquid
bag
impact
bag body
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JP2001088224A
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JP2002284069A (en
Inventor
毅 黒江
徳博 倉田
成樹 鎌田
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62JCYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J17/00Weather guards for riders; Fairings or stream-lining parts not otherwise provided for
    • B62J17/02Weather guards for riders; Fairings or stream-lining parts not otherwise provided for shielding only the rider's front
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62JCYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J27/00Safety equipment
    • B62J27/30Crash bars; Crash bungs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K2202/00Motorised scooters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、車両のボディ外面部に他物が衝突したときの衝撃を吸収するための、車両における衝撃吸収装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、車両のボディ外面部、例えばボディ前面部に他物が衝突したときの衝撃を吸収させるために、車両の前部車体に、その前方側に延びる比較的低硬度のアルミ等の金属製パイプよりなる衝撃吸収体の後端部を支持させ、その衝撃吸収体の軸方向圧縮変形により衝撃吸収を行うようにしたものが提案されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで上記提案のように金属製パイプの軸方向圧縮変形で衝撃を吸収させる構造では、図8に簡略的に示すように、パイプがたとえ理想的に圧縮変形したとしても、その潰された圧縮部分が少なからず残ってしまう。従ってパイプが比較的短い変形ストロークだけ圧縮変形して、変形限界に達した以降は、該パイプの衝撃に対する支持荷重が図5の鎖線に示すように急激に増大してしまう問題がある。
【0004】
また斯かる問題を解決して、衝撃吸収パイプに十分な変形ストロークを確保しようとすると、パイプ自体を長く形成する必要があり、車両前部が長大化してしまうといった別の問題がある。
【0005】
また上記金属製パイプは、その軸方向(即ち前後方向)の圧縮荷重に対しては圧縮変形により衝撃吸収を行い得るが、その軸方向以外の方向、例えば斜め前方からの荷重に対しては衝撃吸収を有効には行い得ないという問題もある。
【0006】
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑み提案されたもので、従来構造の上記問題を簡単な構造で解決できるようにした、車両における衝撃吸収装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、請求項1の発明は、車両のボディ外面部に他物が衝突したときの衝撃を吸収するための、車両における衝撃吸収装置において、前記ボディ外面部よりも車体内方側に在って車体に支持される支持体と、この支持体の受け面と前記ボディ外面部背面との対向面間に介装されて該外面部に加わる前記衝撃を該受け面に伝達、支持させる可撓性の袋体と、その袋体内に封入される液体とを少なくとも備え、前記袋体と、その袋体外に在って該袋体内の液体を排出可能な液体排出部との間には、その間を接続し且つ通過液体に対し絞り抵抗を付与し得る絞り流路と、前記絞り流路を平時は閉じるが該袋体の内部液圧の所定値以上の増加に応じて開く常閉型の開閉手段とが設けられ、前記支持体の前記受け面は、その平断面形状が車体内方側に凹んだ円弧状に形成されることを特徴としている。
【0008】
上記特徴によれば、他物が車両のボディ外面部に衝突したときに、そのボディ外面部に加わる衝撃が袋体を介して支持体に受け止められるが、その際に袋体が圧迫され、これによりその内部液圧が急激に増加して所定値以上になったときに上記開閉手段が開いて、該袋体内の封入液体を上記絞り流路を経て液体排出部側に流出させる。このとき、絞り流路を通過する液体が受ける絞り抵抗は、袋体が収縮して内部の封入液体が無くなるまでは、袋体正面部の内方側変位に対し略一定に保たれるから、該他物を略一定の荷重で受け止めながら比較的長い変形ストロークに亘って衝突エネルギを吸収できて、その吸収効率が高くなり、従って、衝突時に他物及び車体が受ける衝撃を効果的に吸収できる。また前記絞り流路の有効断面積を変えることにより、その絞り抵抗、延いては衝撃に対する支持荷重値を容易に変更設定できる。更に液体が絞り流路を通過するときに受ける絞り抵抗は、袋体が受ける衝撃の伝達速度が高くなればなるほど増加するので、衝撃の速度変化に対して対応が容易であり、従って衝撃の速度依存性に優れた衝撃吸収体(袋体)が得られる。更に袋体背面側を支持する支持体の受け面を、それが比較的広い角度範囲を指向するように広角に形成すれば、袋体は、該受け面と対向する様々な方向からの衝撃エネルギを効果的に吸収可能となる。その上、支持体の受け面は、その平断面形状が車体内方側に凹んだ円弧状に形成されているため、これを特別に大形化しなくても比較的広い角度範囲を指向可能となり、従って、この受け面と対向する様々な方向からの衝撃エネルギを袋体を介して効果的に吸収することができる。
【0009】
また請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明の前記特徴に加えて、前記液体排出部が、前記袋体とは別個に形成されて車体に支持される液体タンクより構成されることを特徴としており、この特徴によれば、袋体から流出した液体を液体タンク内に留め置くことができるから、該液体の流出により外部環境を汚損する心配がなくなる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を、添付図面に例示した本発明の実施例に基づいて以下に具体的に説明する。
【0011】
添付図面において、図1〜図7は本発明をスクータ型自動二輪車に適用した一実施例を示すものであって、図1は車両の全体側面図、図2は、前記実施例の要部を示す、車両前部の一部破断拡大側面図、図3は図2の3−3線断面図、図4は、衝突時の袋体の変形状態を示す図3対応図、図5は、他物がボディ外面部に衝突したときの袋体正面部(従って他物)の車両内方変位量と、他物が袋体より受ける支持荷重との関係を示す特性図、図6は、接続管(絞り流路)の有効断面積を変化させた場合を比較して示す図5対応特性図、図7は、袋体への衝撃の伝達速度を変化させた場合を比較して示す図5対応特性図である。
【0012】
先ず図1〜3において、スクータ型の自動二輪車Aは、車体Fの前後略中央部にシートSが設置され、そのシートSの前側には、前輪Wfを操向操作するためのハンドルHが、また同シートSの下方には、後輪Wrを駆動するためのパワーユニットPが配設される。前記ハンドルHは、前輪Wfを軸支するフロントフォーク1aを下端に連設した操向軸1の上端部に結合され、その操向軸1の中間部はヘッドパイプ2により回転可能に嵌合支持される。
【0013】
車体Fは、前記ヘッドパイプ2を前端部に固着しフロアに向かって後ろ下がりに傾斜して延びる前部車体フレームFfと、フロアから後ろ上がりに傾斜して延び前記パワーユニットPを上下揺動可能に支持する後部車体フレームFrと、フロア直下を前後方向に延びて前、後部車体フレームFf、Fr間を一体的に結合する中央部車体フレームFmとを備えている。
【0014】
また前記車体Fを覆うボディ外板Bは、前部車体フレームFfを覆う前部パネルBfと、シートSの直下に在って後部車体フレームFrを覆う後部パネルBrと、中央部車体フレームFmを覆い且つ上面がフロア面となるフロアパネルBmとを備えており、前部パネルBfの前面には、前輪Wfの上方を前方に延びるフロントフェンダ部3が一体に連設される。前記各パネルBf、Bm、Brは、平時の使用状態においてはボディ外板を構成する上で必要な剛性強度を発揮するが、他物の衝突等により過大な外力を受けると比較的容易(即ち車体Fと比べて容易)に変形又は破断する強化合成樹脂板、薄肉金属板等の板材より構成されている。
【0015】
ボディ外面部としての前記フロントフェンダ部3の後方側において前部車体フレームFf(図示例ではヘッドパイプ2)には、鋼板等よりなる高剛性の支持体4がステー4sを介して連結固定される。この支持体4の前面は、その平断面形状が車体内方側に凹んだ円弧状となる凹曲面に形成され、この凹曲面が支持体4の受け面4fとされる。
【0016】
この受け面4fと、これに対向するフロントフェンダ部3の、平断面略U字状の背面との間には、衝撃吸収体としての可撓性の袋体5が介装される。従ってフロントフェンダ部3に対して他物が正面前方ないしは斜め前方より衝突した場合には、該フロントフェンダ部3に加わる衝撃が袋体5を介して支持体4の受け面4fに伝達、支持される。
【0017】
前記袋体5は、硬質で且つ丈夫なゴム等の弾性膜体より構成される。尚、この弾性膜体の内面及び/又は外面には、必要に応じて布、合成樹脂材等よりなる可撓性の補強膜体(図示せず)を重合接着してもよい。
【0018】
前記袋体5の内部には液体Lが封入される。またその袋体5には、その内部の封入液体Lを受入れ可能な液体タンクTが、通過液体に対し絞り抵抗を付与し得る絞り流路としての接続管6を介して接続される。その液体タンクTは、本発明の液体排出部を構成するものであって、図示例ではフロアパネルBm内に収納されて中央部車体フレームFmに連結支持される。
【0019】
前記接続管6は、その中間部が前部パネルBf内を縦通して上下に延びており、その一端が液体タンクT内に開口し、またその他端が袋体5内に開口する。
【0020】
また袋体5内と液体タンクT内との間には、前記接続管6を平時は閉じるが該袋体5の内部液圧の所定値以上の増加に応じて開く常閉型の開閉手段としての開閉弁Vが設けられる。
【0021】
この開閉弁Vは、図示例では接続管6の液体タンクT側の開口端に配設されるリーフ弁より構成されていて、通常は自己の弾性力又はスプリング(図示せず)の弾性力により接続管6を閉じ、また袋体5の内部液圧が所定値以上に増加すると該液圧に応動して開くように構成される。
【0022】
次に前記実施例の作用を説明する。通常は、前記開閉弁Vが接続管6を遮断しているため、袋体5内の封入液体Lは、液体タンクT内に流出することなく、該袋体5内に密封された状態に保持される。
【0023】
この状態で、車両Aのボディ外面部としてのフロントフェンダ部3が、他物Xとの正面衝突等により正面前方ないし斜め前方からの大きな衝撃荷重を受けると、その衝撃で先ずフロントフェンダ部3自体が変形又は破断し、これと共にその衝撃が袋体5を介して支持体4に伝達され、該支持体4を介して前部車体フレームFfに受け止められる。このとき、図4に示すように袋体5の前部が強く圧迫され、その袋体5の内部液圧が急激に増加して所定値以上になったときに上記開閉弁Vが開いて、袋体5内の封入液体Lを接続管6を経て液体タンクT側に流出させる。
【0024】
この場合、接続管6を通過する液体Lが該管6より受ける絞り抵抗は、袋体5が収縮して内部の封入液体Lが無くなるまでは、図5に実線で示す如く、袋体5の正面部の内方変位量(従って変形量)に対し略一定に保たれるから、該他物Xを略一定の荷重で受け止めながら比較的長い変形ストロークに亘って衝突エネルギを吸収できてその吸収効率が高くなり、その結果、他物X及び車体Fが受ける衝撃を効果的に吸収できる。
【0025】
また絞り流路としての接続管6の有効断面積を変えることにより、その絞り抵抗、延いては他物Xに対する支持荷重値を容易に変更設定可能である。図6は、接続管6の有効断面積を複数段(3段)階に変えた場合に、それに応じて他物Xに対する支持荷重値が複数段階(3段)に変化することを示している。
【0026】
更に袋体5からの流出液体Lが接続管6を通過するときに受ける絞り抵抗は、袋体5が受ける衝撃の伝達速度が高くなればなるほど増加するものであり、図7は、その衝撃の伝達速度が高い場合と低い場合とで支持荷重値が異なることを示している。従って、衝突の際の衝撃の伝達速度変化に対して対応が容易であるため、衝撃の速度依存性に優れた衝撃吸収体(袋体)が得られる。
【0027】
更に本実施例では、袋体5の背面側を支持する支持体4の受け面4fを、平断面形状が車体内方側に凹んだ円弧状に形成しているため、該受け面4fは、これを特別に大形化しなくても比較的広い角度範囲を指向するようになり、従って該受け面4fと対向する様々な方向(即ち前方正面側ないし斜め前方側)からの衝撃エネルギを袋体5を介して効果的に吸収することができる。
【0028】
以上、本発明の実施例を詳述したが、本発明は前記実施例に限定されるものでなく、種々の設計変更を行うことができる。
【0029】
例えば、前記実施例では、スクータ型自動二輪車Aのボディ外面部に対する衝撃対策として本発明を実施したものを示したが、本発明では、他の形式の自動二輪車や、自動三輪車のボディ外面部に対する衝撃対策として実施してもよく、更に四輪自動車のボディ外面部に対する衝撃対策として実施してもよい。また前記実施例では、衝撃対策を施すべきボディ外面部としてボディ前面部(フロントパネルBfのフロントフェンダ部3)を示したが、本発明では、その他の車両外面部、例えばボディ後面部(リヤパネルBr)等に対する衝撃対策として本発明を実施してもよい。
【0030】
また前記実施例では、通過液体に絞り抵抗を付与し得る絞り流路としての接続管6をその全長に渡り一様断面としたものを示したが、本発明では、それら接続管6の一部にのみ細径の絞り部を形成するようにしてもよい。
【0031】
また前記実施例では、液体タンクTをフロアパネルBm内に収容したものを示したが、本発明では液体タンクTをその他の車体空間適所に配設してもよい。
【0032】
また前記実施例では、袋体5から流出する液体Lを車載の液体タンクTに受け入れるようにしたが、その液体Lが無害の液体の場合は、液体タンクTを省略し且つ接続管6の下端を車体F外まで延ばすようにして、流出液体Lを車体外に流出させるようにしてもよい。この場合は、車体外部空間が本発明(請求項1)の液体排出部となる。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、他物が車両のボディ外面部に衝突したときに、そのボディ外面部に加わる衝撃が袋体を介して支持体に受け止められ、そのときの袋体の所定値以上の内部液圧増加により開閉手段が開いて、該袋体内の封入液体が絞り流路を経て液体排出部側に流出するようしたので、その流出液体が絞り流路より受ける絞り抵抗に基づいて、衝突の際に他物及び車体に加わる衝撃を効果的に吸収することができ、しかもその衝撃吸収効果は、袋体が収縮して内部の封入液体が無くなるまで極力長い時間に亘り続くから、衝撃を十分に吸収することができる。また前記絞り流路の有効断面積を変えることにより、その絞り抵抗、延いては他物に対する支持荷重値を容易に変更設定できる。更に上記流出液体が絞り流路を通過するときに受ける絞り抵抗は、袋体が受ける衝撃の伝達速度の増加に応じて高くなることから、衝撃の速度変化に対して対応が容易となり、衝撃の速度依存性に優れた衝撃吸収体(袋体)が得られる。更に袋体背面側を支持する支持体の受け面を、それが比較的広い角度範囲を指向するように広角に形成することにより、該受け面と対向する様々な方向からの衝撃エネルギを効果的に吸収可能となる。その上、袋体背面側を支持する支持体の受け面は、その平断面形状が車体内方側に凹んだ円弧状に形成されるので、この受け面は、これを特別に大形化しなくても比較的広い角度範囲を指向するようになり、従って該受け面と対向する様々な方向からの衝撃エネルギを袋体を介して効果的に吸収することができる。
【0034】
また特に請求項2の発明によれば、前記袋体から流出した液体を、該袋体とは別個に形成されて車体に支持される液体タンク内に留め置くことができるため、該液体の流出により外部環境が影響を受ける心配はない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の一実施例を示す車両の全体側面図
【図2】 前記実施例の要部を示す、車両前部の一部破断拡大側面図
【図3】 図2の3−3線断面図
【図4】 衝突時の袋体の変形状態を示す図3対応図
【図5】 他物がボディ外面部に衝突したときの袋体正面部(従って他物)の車両内方変位量と、他物が袋体より受ける支持荷重との関係を示す特性図
【図6】 接続管(絞り流路)の有効断面積を変化させた場合を比較して示す図5対応特性図
【図7】 袋体への衝撃の伝達速度を変化させた場合を比較して示す図5対応特性図
【図8】 金属パイプを衝撃吸収体として使用した場合のパイプ変形前と後の状態を簡略的に示す説明図
【符号の説明】
3・・・・フロントフェンダ部(ボディ外面部)
4・・・・支持体
4f・・・受け面
5・・・・袋体
6・・・・接続管(絞り流路)
F・・・・車体
L・・・・液体
T・・・・液体タンク(液体排出部)
V・・・・開閉弁(開閉手段)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an impact absorbing device in a vehicle for absorbing an impact when another object collides with an outer surface of a vehicle body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a metal pipe made of relatively low hardness aluminum or the like that extends forward of the front body of a vehicle in order to absorb an impact when another object collides with the outer surface of the body of the vehicle, for example, the front surface of the body. There has been proposed a structure in which a rear end portion of the shock absorber is supported and shock absorption is performed by axial compression deformation of the shock absorber.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the structure in which the shock is absorbed by the axial compression deformation of the metal pipe as described above, even if the pipe is ideally compressed and deformed, as shown in FIG. Will remain. Therefore, after the pipe is compressed and deformed by a relatively short deformation stroke and reaches the deformation limit, there is a problem that the support load against the impact of the pipe rapidly increases as shown by a chain line in FIG.
[0004]
In order to solve such a problem and to secure a sufficient deformation stroke in the shock absorbing pipe, it is necessary to form the pipe itself long, and there is another problem that the front part of the vehicle becomes long.
[0005]
In addition, the metal pipe can absorb shocks by compressive deformation with respect to a compressive load in the axial direction (that is, the front-rear direction). There is also a problem that absorption cannot be performed effectively.
[0006]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an impact absorbing device for a vehicle that can solve the above-described problems of the conventional structure with a simple structure.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is directed to a shock absorbing device for a vehicle for absorbing an impact when another object collides with the outer surface of the vehicle body. A support that is located on the side and supported by the vehicle body, and the impact applied to the outer surface portion is interposed between opposing surfaces of the receiving surface of the support and the outer surface of the body and transmits the impact to the receiving surface. A flexible bag body to be supported and a liquid sealed in the bag body, and the bag body and a liquid discharge portion that is outside the bag body and can discharge the liquid in the bag body In the meantime, there is a throttle channel that connects between them and can apply a throttle resistance to the passing liquid, and the throttle channel is closed in normal times but opened in response to an increase in the internal hydraulic pressure of the bag body over a predetermined value. a normally-closed opening and closing means are provided, said receiving surface of said support, the plane cross section Jo is being formed in an arc shape recessed to the vehicle body inner side.
[0008]
According to the above feature, when another object collides with the outer surface of the vehicle body, the impact applied to the outer surface of the body is received by the support body through the bag body. As a result, when the internal fluid pressure suddenly increases and becomes a predetermined value or more, the opening / closing means is opened, and the sealed liquid in the bag body is caused to flow out to the liquid discharge portion side through the throttle channel. At this time, the squeezing resistance received by the liquid passing through the squeezing channel is kept substantially constant with respect to the inward displacement of the front portion of the bag body until the bag body contracts and there is no liquid inside. While receiving the other object with a substantially constant load, the collision energy can be absorbed over a relatively long deformation stroke, and the absorption efficiency is increased. Therefore, the impact received by the other object and the vehicle body at the time of the collision can be effectively absorbed. . In addition, by changing the effective cross-sectional area of the throttle flow path, it is possible to easily change and set the throttle resistance and, in turn, the support load value against impact. Furthermore, the resistance of the diaphragm when the liquid passes through the throttle channel increases as the transmission speed of the impact received by the bag increases, so it is easy to cope with changes in the impact speed, and therefore the impact speed. An impact absorber (bag) excellent in dependency can be obtained. Furthermore, if the receiving surface of the support that supports the back side of the bag body is formed to have a wide angle so that it is oriented in a relatively wide angle range, the bag body has impact energy from various directions facing the receiving surface. Can be effectively absorbed. In addition, the receiving surface of the support body is formed in an arc shape whose flat cross-sectional shape is recessed toward the inner side of the vehicle body, so that a relatively wide angle range can be directed without special enlargement. Therefore, impact energy from various directions facing the receiving surface can be effectively absorbed through the bag.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the invention, in addition to the feature of the first aspect of the invention, the liquid discharge portion is formed of a liquid tank that is formed separately from the bag and supported by the vehicle body. and to have, according to this feature, since the leaked liquid from the bag body can retain in the liquid tank, a that there is no fear that fouling external environment by the outflow of the liquid.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on the embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
In the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 1 to 7 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a scooter type motorcycle. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the vehicle, and FIG. 2 is a main portion of the embodiment. 3 is a partially broken enlarged side view of the front portion of the vehicle, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of vehicle inward displacement of the front portion of the bag body (accordingly, the other object) when the object collides with the outer surface of the body and the support load that the other object receives from the bag body. FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing a case where the effective sectional area of the (restriction channel) is changed, and FIG. 7 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing a case where the transmission speed of the impact to the bag is changed. FIG.
[0012]
First, in FIGS. 1 to 3, a scooter type motorcycle A has a seat S installed at a substantially central portion in the front and rear of a vehicle body F, and a handle H for steering the front wheels Wf is provided on the front side of the seat S. A power unit P for driving the rear wheel Wr is disposed below the seat S. The handle H is coupled to an upper end portion of a steering shaft 1 having a front fork 1a that pivotally supports a front wheel Wf, and the middle portion of the steering shaft 1 is fitted and supported by a head pipe 2 so as to be rotatable. Is done.
[0013]
The vehicle body F has a front body frame Ff that is fixed to the front end of the head pipe 2 and extends in a slanting downward direction toward the floor, and extends in a slanting upward direction from the floor so that the power unit P can swing up and down. A rear body frame Fr to be supported and a center body frame Fm that extends directly below the floor in the front-rear direction and integrally couples the front and rear body frames Ff and Fr are provided.
[0014]
The body skin B covering the vehicle body F includes a front panel Bf covering the front vehicle body frame Ff, a rear panel Br directly under the seat S and covering the rear vehicle body frame Fr, and a central vehicle body frame Fm. The front fender portion 3 that extends forward over the front wheel Wf is integrally provided on the front surface of the front panel Bf. Each of the panels Bf, Bm, Br exhibits a rigidity and strength necessary for constituting a body outer plate in a normal use state, but is relatively easy when subjected to an excessive external force due to a collision with another object (that is, It is made of a plate material such as a reinforced synthetic resin plate or a thin metal plate that is easily or deformed compared to the vehicle body F.
[0015]
A highly rigid support 4 made of a steel plate or the like is connected and fixed to the front body frame Ff (the head pipe 2 in the illustrated example) via a stay 4s on the rear side of the front fender portion 3 as a body outer surface portion. . The front surface of the support 4 is formed as a concave curved surface having a circular cross-sectional shape that is recessed inwardly of the vehicle body, and the concave curved surface serves as a receiving surface 4 f of the support 4.
[0016]
A flexible bag 5 serving as an impact absorber is interposed between the receiving surface 4f and the rear surface of the front fender portion 3 facing the receiving surface 4f. Accordingly, when another object collides with the front fender portion 3 from the front or obliquely forward, the impact applied to the front fender portion 3 is transmitted and supported to the receiving surface 4f of the support body 4 via the bag body 5. The
[0017]
The bag body 5 is composed of a hard and strong elastic film body such as rubber. A flexible reinforcing film body (not shown) made of a cloth, a synthetic resin material or the like may be polymerized and bonded to the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the elastic film body as necessary.
[0018]
A liquid L is sealed inside the bag body 5. In addition, a liquid tank T capable of receiving the sealed liquid L therein is connected to the bag body 5 via a connecting pipe 6 serving as a throttle channel that can give a throttle resistance to the passing liquid. The liquid tank T constitutes the liquid discharge part of the present invention, and is housed in the floor panel Bm and connected and supported to the central body frame Fm in the illustrated example.
[0019]
The connecting pipe 6 has a middle portion extending vertically through the front panel Bf, one end opening in the liquid tank T, and the other end opening in the bag body 5.
[0020]
Further, between the bag body 5 and the liquid tank T, as a normally closed type opening / closing means that closes the connecting pipe 6 in a normal state but opens in response to an increase in the internal hydraulic pressure of the bag body 5 over a predetermined value. Open / close valve V is provided.
[0021]
In the illustrated example, the on-off valve V is constituted by a leaf valve disposed at the opening end of the connection pipe 6 on the liquid tank T side. Usually, the on-off valve V is caused by its own elastic force or the elastic force of a spring (not shown). When the connecting pipe 6 is closed and the internal hydraulic pressure of the bag body 5 increases to a predetermined value or more, the connecting pipe 6 is configured to open in response to the hydraulic pressure.
[0022]
Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described. Normally, since the on-off valve V blocks the connection pipe 6, the sealed liquid L in the bag body 5 is kept sealed in the bag body 5 without flowing into the liquid tank T. Is done.
[0023]
In this state, when the front fender portion 3 as the body outer surface portion of the vehicle A receives a large impact load from the front front or oblique front due to a frontal collision with the other object X, the front fender portion 3 itself is first caused by the impact. Is deformed or broken, and the impact is transmitted to the support body 4 through the bag body 5 and is received by the front body frame Ff through the support body 4. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the front portion of the bag body 5 is strongly pressed, and when the internal hydraulic pressure of the bag body 5 suddenly increases and becomes a predetermined value or more, the on-off valve V opens, The sealed liquid L in the bag body 5 flows out to the liquid tank T side through the connecting pipe 6.
[0024]
In this case, the squeezing resistance that the liquid L passing through the connection pipe 6 receives from the pipe 6 is that of the bag body 5 as shown by a solid line in FIG. Since the amount of inward displacement (and hence the amount of deformation) of the front portion is kept substantially constant, the collision energy can be absorbed and absorbed over a relatively long deformation stroke while receiving the other object X with a substantially constant load. As a result, the impact can be effectively absorbed by the other object X and the vehicle body F.
[0025]
Further, by changing the effective cross-sectional area of the connecting pipe 6 as a throttle flow path, it is possible to easily change and set the throttle resistance and, in turn, the support load value for the other object X. FIG. 6 shows that when the effective sectional area of the connecting pipe 6 is changed to a plurality of steps (three steps), the support load value for the other object X changes to a plurality of steps (three steps) accordingly. .
[0026]
Furthermore, the squeezing resistance received when the effluent liquid L from the bag 5 passes through the connecting pipe 6 increases as the transmission speed of the shock received by the bag 5 increases. FIG. It shows that the support load value is different when the transmission speed is high and when the transmission speed is low. Accordingly, since it is easy to cope with a change in the transmission speed of the impact at the time of the collision, an impact absorber (bag) excellent in impact speed dependency can be obtained.
[0027]
Further, in the present embodiment, the receiving surface 4f of the support body 4 that supports the back side of the bag body 5 is formed in an arc shape whose flat cross-sectional shape is recessed toward the inner side of the vehicle body. Even if it is not specially enlarged, it can be directed to a relatively wide range of angles. Therefore, impact energy from various directions (that is, the front front side or the oblique front side) facing the receiving surface 4f is applied to the bag body. 5 can be effectively absorbed.
[0028]
As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various design change can be performed.
[0029]
For example, in the above embodiment, the present invention has been shown as a countermeasure against the impact on the outer surface of the body of the scooter type motorcycle A. However, in the present invention, the outer surface of the body of other types of motorcycles and motorcycles can be used. You may implement as a countermeasure against an impact, and you may implement as a countermeasure against the impact with respect to the body outer surface part of a four-wheeled vehicle. In the above embodiment, the front body portion (front fender portion 3 of the front panel Bf) is shown as the body outer surface portion to be subjected to impact countermeasures. However, in the present invention, other vehicle outer surface portions, for example, the rear body portion (rear panel Br) ) Etc., the present invention may be implemented as a countermeasure against impact.
[0030]
Moreover, in the said Example, although what showed the connection pipe | tube 6 as a throttle flow path which can provide a squeezing resistance to a passage liquid was made into the uniform cross section over the full length, in this invention, a part of these connection pipe | tubes 6 was shown. Only the narrowed portion may be formed.
[0031]
In the above-described embodiment, the liquid tank T is housed in the floor panel Bm. However, in the present invention, the liquid tank T may be disposed at another appropriate position in the vehicle body space.
[0032]
Moreover, in the said Example, although the liquid L which flows out from the bag body 5 was received in the vehicle-mounted liquid tank T, when the liquid L is a harmless liquid, the liquid tank T is abbreviate | omitted and the lower end of the connection pipe 6 is carried out. May extend to the outside of the vehicle body F so that the outflow liquid L flows out of the vehicle body. In this case, the vehicle body outer space becomes the liquid discharge portion of the present invention (Claim 1).
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when another object collides with the body outer surface portion of the vehicle, the impact applied to the body outer surface portion is received by the support body via the bag body. Since the opening / closing means is opened due to an increase in the internal hydraulic pressure exceeding the value, the sealed liquid in the bag flows out to the liquid discharge part side through the throttle channel, so that the outflow liquid is based on the throttle resistance received from the throttle channel Thus, the impact applied to other objects and the vehicle body in the event of a collision can be effectively absorbed, and the impact absorbing effect continues for as long as possible until the bag body contracts and the liquid inside is eliminated. The shock can be absorbed sufficiently. Further, by changing the effective cross-sectional area of the throttle channel, the throttle resistance and, in turn, the support load value for other objects can be easily changed and set. Furthermore, since the squeezing resistance received when the effluent liquid passes through the squeezing channel increases as the transmission speed of the impact received by the bag increases, it becomes easy to cope with changes in the impact speed, An impact absorber (bag) excellent in speed dependency can be obtained. Furthermore, the receiving surface of the support that supports the back side of the bag body is formed at a wide angle so that it faces a relatively wide angle range, so that impact energy from various directions facing the receiving surface can be effectively reduced. Can be absorbed. In addition, the receiving surface of the support that supports the back side of the bag is formed in an arc shape whose flat cross-sectional shape is recessed toward the inside of the vehicle body, so that this receiving surface does not have a particularly large size. However, it is directed to a relatively wide angle range, and therefore, impact energy from various directions facing the receiving surface can be effectively absorbed through the bag.
[0034]
In particular, according to the invention of claim 2, the liquid flowing out from the bag can be retained in a liquid tank formed separately from the bag and supported by the vehicle body. worry is not the name that the external environment is affected by.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a vehicle showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway enlarged side view of a front portion of the vehicle showing the main part of the embodiment. Cross-sectional view of the bag [Fig. 4] Figure corresponding to Fig. 3 showing the deformed state of the bag body at the time of collision [Fig. Characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount and the support load that other objects receive from the bag body. FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing a comparison of the case where the transmission speed of the shock to the bag is changed. FIG. Explanatory diagram [Explanation of symbols]
3. Front fender part (Body outer surface part)
4 ... Support 4f ... Receiving surface 5 ... Bag 6 ... Connection pipe (throttle channel)
F ... Body L ... Liquid T ... Liquid tank (liquid discharge part)
V ... Open / close valve (open / close means)

Claims (2)

車両(A)のボディ外面部(3)に他物(X)が衝突したときの衝撃を吸収するための、車両における衝撃吸収装置において、
前記ボディ外面部(3)よりも車体内方側に在って車体(F)に支持される支持体(4)と、この支持体(4)の受け面(4f)と前記ボディ外面部(3)背面との対向面間に介装されて該外面部(3)に加わる前記衝撃を該受け面(4f)に伝達、支持させる可撓性の袋体(5)と、その袋体(5)内に封入される液体(L)とを少なくとも備え、
前記袋体(5)と、その袋体(5)外に在って該袋体(5)内の液体(L)を排出可能な液体排出部(T)との間には、その間を接続し且つ通過液体に対し絞り抵抗を付与し得る絞り流路(6)と、前記絞り流路(6)を平時は閉じるが該袋体(5)の内部液圧の所定値以上の増加に応じて開く常閉型の開閉手段(V)とが設けられ
前記支持体(4)の前記受け面(4f)は、その平断面形状が車体内方側に凹んだ円弧状に形成されることを特徴とする、車両における衝撃吸収装置。
In an impact absorbing device for a vehicle for absorbing an impact when another object (X) collides with a body outer surface portion (3) of the vehicle (A),
A support body (4) that is located on the vehicle body inner side than the body outer surface section (3) and is supported by the vehicle body (F), a receiving surface (4f) of the support body (4), and the body outer surface section ( 3) A flexible bag body (5) that is interposed between the opposed surface to the back surface and transmits and supports the impact applied to the outer surface portion (3) to the receiving surface (4f), and the bag body ( 5) at least a liquid (L) sealed in,
Between the bag body (5) and the liquid discharge part (T) which is outside the bag body (5) and can discharge the liquid (L) in the bag body (5), a connection between them is connected. In addition, the throttle channel (6) capable of imparting a throttle resistance to the passing liquid, and the throttle channel (6) are closed in normal times, but the internal fluid pressure of the bag (5) is increased by a predetermined value or more. normally-closed opening and closing means for opening Te and (V) is provided,
The impact absorbing device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the receiving surface (4f) of the support (4) is formed in an arc shape whose flat cross-sectional shape is recessed inwardly of the vehicle body .
前記液体排出部(T)は、前記袋体(5)とは別個に形成されて車体(F)に支持した液体タンクであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の車両における衝撃吸収装置。 2. The shock absorbing device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the liquid discharge part (T) is a liquid tank formed separately from the bag body (5) and supported by a vehicle body (F). 3. Place.
JP2001088224A 2001-03-26 2001-03-26 Shock absorber for vehicle Expired - Fee Related JP4555496B2 (en)

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JP4908126B2 (en) * 2006-09-21 2012-04-04 本田技研工業株式会社 Front fender
JP4767819B2 (en) * 2006-11-15 2011-09-07 本田技研工業株式会社 Saddle riding
JP2014214738A (en) * 2013-04-30 2014-11-17 株式会社マザーズ Gravity power generation device

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JPS48100826A (en) * 1972-04-10 1973-12-19
JPS4933534U (en) * 1972-06-28 1974-03-25
JPS63149370U (en) * 1987-03-23 1988-09-30
JPH09315240A (en) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-09 Railway Technical Res Inst Buffer for moving body
JPH1067374A (en) * 1996-07-24 1998-03-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Vehicle frame equipped with riding part

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS48100826A (en) * 1972-04-10 1973-12-19
JPS4933534U (en) * 1972-06-28 1974-03-25
JPS63149370U (en) * 1987-03-23 1988-09-30
JPH09315240A (en) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-09 Railway Technical Res Inst Buffer for moving body
JPH1067374A (en) * 1996-07-24 1998-03-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Vehicle frame equipped with riding part

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