JP4548374B2 - ハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレイン及びパワートレインの制御方法 - Google Patents
ハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレイン及びパワートレインの制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4548374B2 JP4548374B2 JP2006091770A JP2006091770A JP4548374B2 JP 4548374 B2 JP4548374 B2 JP 4548374B2 JP 2006091770 A JP2006091770 A JP 2006091770A JP 2006091770 A JP2006091770 A JP 2006091770A JP 4548374 B2 JP4548374 B2 JP 4548374B2
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- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- electric machine
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- engine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
この状態において、エンジン回転数が、駆動輪の低い動力要求に合致するように、低下させられる。エンジン回転数は、図5の点線で示されるように、第1電気機械をポジティブ・モードとは反対の方向に(つまり負の速度で)回転させることにより、低下させられる。第1電気機械は、エンジンから伝達されるトルクTESに対抗して回転することにより、負の速度を得る。それで、第1電気機械は、電動機として動作し、そして、典型的には第2電気機械から供給されるエネルギーを消費する必要がある。結果としてこのモードで、第2電気機械は、発電機として作動させられる。更に、エンジンが発生するトルクの一部でサン・ギアに伝達されるトルクTESが駆動輪に伝達されることがなく、むしろそのトルクは、サン・ギアを駆動してエネルギーを消費している第1電気機械により、相殺される。また、エンジンからリング・ギアに伝達されるトルクTERの一部が、第1電気機械を駆動するためのエネルギー(電力)を発生している第2電気機械により用いられる(エネルギー再循環)。このエネルギー循環が、動力伝達効率の低下につながる。
NM1 + (ZR/ZS) x NR - (1 + ZR/ZS) x NENG = 0 (1)
ここで、ZRはリング・ギア11の歯数であり、ZSはサン・ギア12の歯数である。
TES = [ZS / (ZR + ZS)] x TENG (2)
TER = [ZR / (ZR + ZS)] x TENG (3)
なお、反応トルクTRは、駆動輪Wにおける走行抵抗と第2電気機械3により生成される駆動力との差に対応することになる。
2 第1電気機械
3 第2電気機械
5 バッテリー
6 変速機
11, 12, 14 回転要素
23 吸気マニフォールド
31 制御器
W 駆動輪
Claims (18)
- 内燃機関と、電気機械と、前記内燃機関、前記電気機械及び駆動輪にそれぞれ結合される3つの回転要素を持ち、該3つの回転要素のいずれか一つの回転速度が残り二つの回転速度により機械的に規定される歯車機構を持つ変速機と、を有する、ハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレインを制御する方法であって、
上記内燃機関の吸気マニフォールド圧力を燃料消費量の少ない効率的ラインに沿って制御する工程と、
上記電気機械の発生トルクを調整して、上記内燃機関の回転数を変更すると共に上記電気機械の回転速度を所定値より大きく制御する工程、及び
上記内燃機関へのトルク要求の低下に応答して、上記電気機械の発生トルクの調整により上記内燃機関の発生トルクを低下させる際、上記電気機械の回転速度を上記所定値より大きく制御した上で内燃機関の吸気マニフォールド圧力を上記効率的ラインに制御できない場合には、内燃機関の発生トルクを下げることによって該内燃機関の吸気マニフォールド圧力を実質的に上記効率的ラインに維持する工程、
を有することを特徴とする方法。 - 上記電気機械の回転速度の上記所定値が、ゼロではない、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 上記所定値が正と負の二つの値からなる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 上記二つの所定値が、上記電気機械の現在の速度に応じて、選択されることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 上記内燃機関の発生トルクの低下が、該内燃機関の燃焼室への燃料供給量を低下させると共に、該燃料供給量の低下に従い上記燃焼室内の空燃比をリーン化することにより、行なわれることを特徴とする前記請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記燃料としての水素が上記内燃機関に供給されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 上記内燃機関の発生トルクの低下が、上記内燃機関の複数の気筒の一部への燃料供給を遮断することにより、行なわれることを特徴とする、前記請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記内燃機関の発生トルクの低下が、該内燃機関の燃焼室への燃料供給量を低下させると共に、該燃料供給量の低下に従い上記燃焼室へ排気を再導入する工程により、行なわれることを特徴とする、前記請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記排気再導入工程が、排気を上記内燃機関の排気システムから吸気システムへ再導入する工程を更に有することを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 上記排気再導入工程が、吸気弁と排気弁の双方が開放しているオーバーラップ期間を増大するように、吸気弁又は排気弁を制御する工程を更に有することを特徴とする、請求項8又は9に記載の方法。
- 上記排気再導入工程が、排気弁閉時期を進角するように制御する工程を更に有することを特徴とする、請求項8乃至10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 上記内燃機関の発生トルクの低下が、該内燃機関の気筒内空気充填量を減少させるように、吸気弁を制御する工程により、なされることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 上記吸気弁制御工程が、吸気行程の下死点より前に上記吸気弁の閉時期を進角させる工程を更に有することを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 上記吸気弁制御工程が、吸気行程の下死点より後に上記吸気弁の閉時期を遅角させることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 上記内燃機関の発生トルクの低下が、上記内燃機関の複数の気筒の一部への燃料を遮断すると共に、上記一部の気筒の吸気弁又は排気弁を閉位置に保持する工程、によりなされることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 空気を燃焼室へ導く吸気マニフォールドを持つ内燃機関と、
第1電気機械と、
前記内燃機関、前記第1電気機械及び駆動輪にそれぞれ結合される3つの回転要素を持ち、該3つの回転要素のいずれか一つの回転速度が残り二つの回転速度により機械的に規定される歯車機構を持つ変速機と、
制御器と、
を有するハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレインであって、
上記制御器が、
上記内燃機関の吸気マニフォールド圧力を燃料消費量の少ない効率的ラインに沿って制御し、
上記第1電気機械の発生トルクを調整して、上記内燃機関の回転数を変更すると共に上記第1電気機械の回転速度を所定値より大きく制御し、そして
上記内燃機関へのトルク要求の低下に応答して、上記第1電気機械の発生トルクの調整により上記内燃機関の発生トルクを低下させる際、上記第1電気機械の回転速度を上記所定値より大きく制御した上で内燃機関の吸気マニフォールド圧力を上記効率的ラインに制御できない場合には、内燃機関の発生トルクを下げることによって該内燃機関の吸気マニフォールド圧力を実質的に上記効率的ラインに維持する、
ように構成されることを特徴とするパワートレイン。 - 上記車輪に機械的に接続され、上記第1電気機械に電気的に接続される、第2電気機械を更に有する、ことを特徴とする請求項16に記載のパワートレイン。
- 上記内燃機関が、その燃料として水素を用いることを特徴とする、請求項16又は17に記載のパワートレイン。
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JP2006091770A JP4548374B2 (ja) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-29 | ハイブリッド電気自動車のパワートレイン及びパワートレインの制御方法 |
DE602006001372T DE602006001372D1 (de) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-30 | Verfahren und Programmprodukt zur Steuerung eines elektrische Hybridfahrzeuges und entsprechendes elektrische Hybridfahrzeug |
US11/393,416 US7136727B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-30 | Method for controlling hybrid electric vehicle powertrain |
EP06006742A EP1707417B1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-30 | Method and computer program product for controlling hybrid electric vehicle power train and corresponding electric vehicle power train |
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