JP4511845B2 - Internal combustion engine with a supercharger - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine with a supercharger Download PDF

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JP4511845B2
JP4511845B2 JP2004031618A JP2004031618A JP4511845B2 JP 4511845 B2 JP4511845 B2 JP 4511845B2 JP 2004031618 A JP2004031618 A JP 2004031618A JP 2004031618 A JP2004031618 A JP 2004031618A JP 4511845 B2 JP4511845 B2 JP 4511845B2
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engine
intake
compressor
internal combustion
exhaust
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JP2005220862A (en
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幸浩 辻
嘉英 竹中
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Hino Motors Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/08—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines for engines having two or more intake charge compressors or exhaust gas turbines, e.g. a turbocharger combined with an additional compressor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Description

本発明はＥＧＲ装置を装備した過給機付内燃機関に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a supercharged internal combustion engine equipped with an EGR device.

従来、排気再循環（ＥＧＲ:Exhaust Gas Recirculation）を適用した過給機付内燃機関では、エンジン排気経路から分流した排気をエンジン吸気経路へ送給して燃焼温度の低下を図り、ＮＯｘの発生を低減させている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, in an internal combustion engine with a supercharger to which exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is applied, exhaust gas diverted from the engine exhaust path is sent to the engine intake path to lower the combustion temperature, thereby generating NOx. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

この過給機付内燃機関は図４に示すように、ディーゼルエンジン１とターボチャージャ２を備え、当該ターボチャージャ２は、タービン３、コンプレッサ４、及びタービン翼車をコンプレッサ翼車に連結する伝達軸５などで構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the internal combustion engine with a supercharger includes a diesel engine 1 and a turbocharger 2, and the turbocharger 2 transmits a turbine 3, a compressor 4, and a transmission shaft that connects the turbine impeller to the compressor impeller. 5 or the like.

タービン３は、排気導入口がディーゼルエンジン１の排気マニホールド６に接続され、排気送出口が排気管７を介してマフラ８に連通し、排気導入口には、流路断面調整機構（図示せず）が設けられている。
また、コンプレッサ４は、吸気導入口が吸気管９によりエアクリーナ１０に接続され、吸気送出口がインタクーラ１１を有する吸気管１２を介してディーゼルエンジン１の吸気マニホールド１３に連通している。 The turbine 3 has an exhaust introduction port connected to the exhaust manifold 6 of the diesel engine 1, an exhaust delivery port communicates with the muffler 8 through the exhaust pipe 7, and a flow path cross-sectional adjustment mechanism (not shown) is connected to the exhaust introduction port. ) Is provided.
The compressor 4 has an intake inlet connected to an air cleaner 10 via an intake pipe 9 and an intake outlet connected to an intake manifold 13 of the diesel engine 1 via an intake pipe 12 having an intercooler 11.

これに加えて、排気マニホールド６に、ＥＧＲクーラ１４とＥＧＲバルブ１５を直列に組み込んだＥＧＲ管路１６の上流端を接続し、吸気管１２のインタクーラ１１よりも下流側個所に、ＥＧＲ管路１６の下流端を接続している。
上記のインタクーラ１１には、空冷方式のフィン形熱交換器が用いられ、ＥＧＲクーラ１４には、液冷方式の管形熱交換器が用いられている。 In addition to this, an upstream end of an EGR pipe line 16 in which an EGR cooler 14 and an EGR valve 15 are incorporated in series is connected to the exhaust manifold 6, and the EGR pipe line 16 is connected to a location downstream of the intercooler 11 of the intake pipe 12. Is connected to the downstream end.
The intercooler 11 is an air-cooled fin heat exchanger, and the EGR cooler 14 is a liquid-cooled tubular heat exchanger.

図４に示す過給機付内燃機関では、ディーゼルエンジン１が稼働状態であるとき、排気Ｇの大部分は、排気マニホールド６からタービン３へ流入してコンプレッサ４を駆動し、排気管７やマフラ８などを経て大気中に放出される。
また、エアクリーナ１０、吸気管９を経てコンプレッサ４に流入し且つ圧縮された吸気Ａは、吸気管１２やインタクーラ１１を通って吸気マニホールド１３へ送給され、同時に排気Ｇの一部が排気マニホールド６からＥＧＲ管路１６へ流入して、ＥＧＲクーラ１４で冷却され且つＥＧＲバルブ１５により流量調整が行なわれた排気Ｇが吸気Ａとともに吸気マニホールド１３へ送給される。 In the internal combustion engine with a supercharger shown in FIG. 4, when the diesel engine 1 is in an operating state, most of the exhaust G flows from the exhaust manifold 6 into the turbine 3 to drive the compressor 4, and the exhaust pipe 7 and muffler It is released into the atmosphere via 8 etc.
In addition, the compressed intake air A that flows into the compressor 4 through the air cleaner 10 and the intake pipe 9 and is compressed is supplied to the intake manifold 13 through the intake pipe 12 and the intercooler 11, and at the same time, a part of the exhaust G is exhausted to the exhaust manifold 6. Then, the exhaust gas G flows into the EGR pipe line 16, is cooled by the EGR cooler 14, and the flow rate is adjusted by the EGR valve 15, and is supplied to the intake manifold 13 together with the intake air A.

これにより、燃焼温度の低下が図られ、ＮＯｘの発生が低減することになる。
特開平９−２５６９１５号公報 As a result, the combustion temperature is lowered and the generation of NOx is reduced.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-256915

ターボチャージャ２は、排気Ｇのエネルギで回転するタービン３によりコンプレッサ４を駆動しているので、車両を加速するためにアクセルを踏み込んでエンジン回転数を高くする際（過渡運転時）に、コンプレッサ４の吸気Ａの吐出量の増加が遅れる。   Since the turbocharger 2 drives the compressor 4 by the turbine 3 that rotates with the energy of the exhaust G, when the accelerator is depressed to increase the engine speed to accelerate the vehicle (during transient operation), the compressor 4 The increase in the discharge amount of intake air A is delayed.

このような過渡運転時にＥＧＲ管路１６を経て吸気マニホールド１３に送給される排気Ｇを増やしてＮＯｘの発生を抑えようすると、タービン３が排気Ｇから得る運動エネルギが減ってコンプレッサ４から吸気マニホールド１３に送給される吸気Ａが不足気味になり、ディーゼルエンジン１から送出される排気Ｇに含まれるパティキュレートが増える。   When the exhaust G fed to the intake manifold 13 via the EGR line 16 during such transient operation is increased to suppress the generation of NOx, the kinetic energy that the turbine 3 obtains from the exhaust G is reduced, and the intake manifold from the compressor 4 is reduced. The intake air A supplied to the engine 13 becomes insufficient, and the particulates contained in the exhaust gas G sent from the diesel engine 1 increase.

また反対に、吸気マニホールド１３に送給される排気Ｇを減らせば、当然のことながらＮＯｘの発生を抑えられない。   On the other hand, if the exhaust gas G supplied to the intake manifold 13 is reduced, naturally the generation of NOx cannot be suppressed.

本発明は上述した実情に鑑みてなしたもので、過渡運転時にＮＯｘとパティキュレートの発生を抑制できる過給機付内燃機関を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a supercharged internal combustion engine that can suppress generation of NOx and particulates during transient operation.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、エンジンの排気で回転するタービンによってコンプレッサを駆動し且つ該コンプレッサが圧縮した吸気をインタクーラを介してエンジンへ送給するように構成した過給機付内燃機関において、エンジン排気経路のタービン上流側からエンジン吸気経路のコンプレッサ下流側へ至るＥＧＲ管路を設け、エンジン吸気経路のＥＧＲ管路合流個所下流側に開閉弁を組み込み、エンジン吸気経路のＥＧＲ管路合流個所上流側から開閉弁設置個所下流側に至る送気管路を設け、モータを駆動源とし且つコンプレッサが送出する吸気の全量、及びＥＧＲ管路を経た排気を圧送可能なブロワを送気管路に組み込んでいる。 In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is configured such that a compressor is driven by a turbine rotated by exhaust of an engine, and intake air compressed by the compressor is supplied to the engine via an intercooler. In an internal combustion engine with a turbocharger, an EGR pipe is provided from the turbine upstream side of the engine exhaust path to the compressor downstream side of the engine intake path, and an on-off valve is incorporated downstream of the EGR pipe merging point of the engine intake path. A blower that provides an air supply line from the upstream side of the EGR line merging point of the path to the downstream side of the opening / closing valve installation point , and that can pump the entire amount of intake air sent from the compressor using the motor and the exhaust via the EGR line Is incorporated into the air supply line .

請求項２に記載の発明は、ブロワのモータへ駆動電力を送り且つ当該モータにより得られる回生電力を電池へ送るインバータ装置を装備している。 The invention described in claim 2 is equipped with an inverter device that sends drive power to the motor of the blower and sends regenerative power obtained by the motor to the battery .

請求項１に記載の発明においては、過渡運転時に開閉弁を閉じてブロワを作動させ、コンプレッサが送出する吸気の全量とＥＧＲ管路を経た排気を、ブロワにより送気管路からエンジン吸気経路へ圧送する。 In the first aspect of the present invention, during the transient operation, the on-off valve is closed to operate the blower , and the entire amount of intake air sent by the compressor and the exhaust gas that has passed through the EGR line are pumped from the air supply line to the engine intake path by the blower. To do.

定常運転時にブロワを停止状態として開閉弁を開き、コンプレッサが送出する吸気の全量とＥＧＲ管路を経た排気を、送気管路を通さずにエンジン吸気経路に流通させる。 During normal operation, the blower is stopped and the on-off valve is opened, and the entire amount of intake air sent from the compressor and the exhaust gas that has passed through the EGR line are circulated through the engine intake path without passing through the air supply line.

軽負荷運転時にブロワを停止状態として開閉弁を閉じ、コンプレッサが送出する吸気の全量を送気管路からブロワに導いて当該吸気に流路抵抗を付与し、エンジンから送出される排気の昇温を図る。 During light load operation, the blower is stopped, the on-off valve is closed, the entire amount of intake air sent by the compressor is guided from the air supply line to the blower , and flow resistance is given to the intake air to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas sent from the engine. Plan.

請求項２に記載の発明においては、送気通路を流通する吸気でブロワを回転させ、その運動エネルギをブロワ駆動用のモータ及び電力回生手段によって電力に変換する。   In the second aspect of the present invention, the blower is rotated by the intake air flowing through the air supply passage, and the kinetic energy is converted into electric power by the blower driving motor and the power regeneration means.

（１）請求項１に記載の発明では、コンプレッサが送出する吸気の全量とＥＧＲ管路を経た排気をブロワによってエンジン吸気経路へ送り込むので、過渡運転時にエンジンに供給すべき吸気の量、及びエンジンに還流すべき排気の量を確保することが可能になり、ＮＯｘとパティキュレートの発生を抑制できる。 (1) In the first aspect of the present invention, the entire amount of intake air sent by the compressor and the exhaust gas that has passed through the EGR pipe are sent to the engine intake passage by the blower , so that the amount of intake air to be supplied to the engine during transient operation and the engine Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of exhaust to be recirculated, and to suppress the generation of NOx and particulates.

（２）停止状態のブロワに吸気を導くと、エンジンが送出する排気の昇温が図られるので、エンジン排気経路に組み込んである排気浄化用触媒を活性化させることができる。 (2) When the intake air is guided to the blower in the stopped state, the temperature of the exhaust gas sent out by the engine is raised, so that the exhaust gas purification catalyst incorporated in the engine exhaust path can be activated.

（３）請求項２に記載の発明では、ブロワが吸気から得た運動エネルギを、電力に変換して有効に活用することができる。   (3) In the invention according to claim 2, the kinetic energy obtained from the intake air by the blower can be converted into electric power and effectively utilized.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づき説明する。
図１乃至図３は本発明の過給機付内燃機関の実施の形態の一例を示すものであり、図中、図４と同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わしている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show an example of an embodiment of an internal combustion engine with a supercharger according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 denote the same parts.

この過給機付内燃機関では、吸気管１２のＥＧＲ管路１６接続個所下流側に開閉弁１７を組み込み、吸気管１２のＥＧＲ管路１６接続個所とインタクーラ１１出口との間に送気管路１８の上流端を接続し、吸気管１２の開閉弁１７設置個所と吸気マニホールド１３との間に前記送気管路１８の下流端を接続し、当該送気管路１８にブロワ１９を組み込んでいる。   In this supercharger-equipped internal combustion engine, an on-off valve 17 is incorporated downstream of the EGR line 16 connection point of the intake pipe 12, and an air supply line 18 is provided between the EGR line 16 connection point of the intake pipe 12 and the intercooler 11 outlet. The downstream end of the air supply pipe 18 is connected between the place where the opening / closing valve 17 of the intake pipe 12 is installed and the intake manifold 13, and a blower 19 is incorporated in the air supply pipe 18.

ブロワ１９は発電機を兼ねたモータ２０を駆動源とし、当該ブロワ１９には、電源２１からモータ２０へ駆動電力Ｄを送り且つモータ２０により得られる回生電力Ｒを電池２２へ送るインバータ装置２３が装備されている。
また、マフラ８は、排気Ｇを浄化するための触媒が内装してある。 The blower 19 uses a motor 20 that also serves as a generator as a drive source. The blower 19 has an inverter device 23 that sends drive power D from the power source 21 to the motor 20 and sends regenerative power R obtained by the motor 20 to the battery 22. Equipped.
In addition, the muffler 8 includes a catalyst for purifying the exhaust G.

過渡運転時には、図１に示すように開閉弁１７を閉じた後、モータ２０に駆動電力Ｄを送ってブロワ１９を作動させ、タービン３が排気Ｇから得る運動エネルギに依存せずに、コンプレッサ４が送出する吸気Ａの全量を送気管路１８から吸気マニホールド１３へ送り込み、また、ＥＧＲ管路１６を経てきた排気Ｇを送気管路１８から吸気マニホールド１３へ送り込む。   At the time of transient operation, as shown in FIG. 1, after closing the on-off valve 17, the drive power D is sent to the motor 20 to operate the blower 19, and the compressor 4 does not depend on the kinetic energy obtained from the exhaust G. The entire amount of the intake air A sent out is sent from the air supply line 18 to the intake manifold 13, and the exhaust G that has passed through the EGR line 16 is sent from the air supply line 18 to the intake manifold 13.

ＥＲＧ管路１６の下流側（吸気管１２側）は、上流側（排気マニホールド６側）よりも低圧になるので、ディーゼルエンジン１から出される排気Ｇが効率よく吸気マニホールド１３へ還流する。   Since the downstream side (intake pipe 12 side) of the ERG pipe line 16 has a lower pressure than the upstream side (exhaust manifold 6 side), the exhaust G discharged from the diesel engine 1 efficiently returns to the intake manifold 13.

よって、過渡運転時にディーゼルエンジン１に供給すべき吸気Ａの量、及びディーゼルエンジン１に還流すべき排気Ｇの量が確保され、ＮＯｘとパティキュレートの発生を抑制できる。   Therefore, the amount of intake air A to be supplied to the diesel engine 1 during transient operation and the amount of exhaust gas G to be recirculated to the diesel engine 1 are ensured, and generation of NOx and particulates can be suppressed.

定常運転時には、図２に示すようにモータ２０を停止状態にして開閉弁１７を開くと、コンプレッサ４が送出する吸気Ａの全量とＥＧＲ管路１６を経た排気Ｇを、送気管路１８よりも流路抵抗が少ない吸気管１２を通って吸気マニホールド１３へ送給される。   During steady operation, when the motor 20 is stopped and the on-off valve 17 is opened as shown in FIG. 2, the total amount of intake air A sent by the compressor 4 and the exhaust gas G that has passed through the EGR line 16 are more than the air supply line 18. The air is fed to the intake manifold 13 through the intake pipe 12 having a low flow path resistance.

よって、図４に示す従来の過給機付内燃機関と同様に、ＮＯｘの発生を抑制できる。   Therefore, the generation of NOx can be suppressed as in the conventional supercharged internal combustion engine shown in FIG.

軽負荷運転時には、図３に示すようにモータ２０を停止状態にして開閉弁１７を閉じ、コンプレッサ４が送出する吸気Ａの全量を送気管路１８から吸気マニホールド１３へ導くようにし、吸気Ａでブロワ１９を回転させて流路抵抗を吸気Ａに付与すると、吸気絞りと同様な原理によりディーゼルエンジン１から送出される排気Ｇの昇温が図られ、マフラ８に内装してある触媒を活性化させることができる。   At the time of light load operation, as shown in FIG. 3, the motor 20 is stopped and the on-off valve 17 is closed so that the entire amount of intake air A sent out by the compressor 4 is led from the air supply line 18 to the intake manifold 13. When the blower 19 is rotated to impart flow path resistance to the intake air A, the temperature of the exhaust gas G delivered from the diesel engine 1 is increased by the same principle as the intake air throttle, and the catalyst built in the muffler 8 is activated. Can be made.

更に、ブロワ１９が吸気Ａから得た運動エネルギをモータ２０及びインバータ装置２３により回生電力Ｒに変換したうえ、電池２２に蓄えて有効に活用することができる。   Further, the kinetic energy obtained from the intake air A by the blower 19 can be converted into regenerative electric power R by the motor 20 and the inverter device 23 and stored in the battery 22 for effective use.

なお、本発明の過給機付内燃機関は上述した実施の形態のみに限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において変更を加え得ることは勿論である。   Note that the supercharged internal combustion engine of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

本発明の過給機付内燃機関は、車両用のディーゼルエンジンをはじめとして各種の内燃機関に適用できる。   The supercharged internal combustion engine of the present invention can be applied to various internal combustion engines including a diesel engine for vehicles.

本発明の過給機付内燃機関の実施の形態の一例の過渡運転時を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows the time of the transient operation of an example of embodiment of the internal combustion engine with a supercharger of this invention. 本発明の過給機付内燃機関の実施の形態の一例の定常運転時を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows the time of steady operation of an example of embodiment of the internal combustion engine with a supercharger of this invention. 本発明の過給機付内燃機関の実施の形態の一例の軽負荷運転時を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows the time of the light load driving | running of an example of embodiment of the internal combustion engine with a supercharger of this invention. 従来の過給機付内燃機関の一例を示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the conventional internal combustion engine with a supercharger.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ディーゼルエンジン
３ タービン
４ コンプレッサ
６ 排気マニホールド（エンジン排気経路）
１１ インタクーラ
１２ 吸気管（エンジン吸気経路）
１６ ＥＧＲ管路
１７ 開閉弁
１８ 送気管路
１９ ブロワ
２０ モータ
２３ インバータ装置
Ａ 吸気
Ｇ 排気 1 Diesel engine 3 Turbine 4 Compressor 6 Exhaust manifold (engine exhaust path)
11 Intercooler 12 Intake pipe (engine intake path)
16 EGR line 17 On-off valve 18 Air supply line 19 Blower 20 Motor 23 Inverter device A Intake G Exhaust

Claims (2)

エンジンの排気で回転するタービンによってコンプレッサを駆動し且つ該コンプレッサが圧縮した吸気をインタクーラを介してエンジンへ送給するように構成した過給機付内燃機関において、エンジン排気経路のタービン上流側からエンジン吸気経路のコンプレッサ下流側へ至るＥＧＲ管路を設け、エンジン吸気経路のＥＧＲ管路合流個所下流側に開閉弁を組み込み、エンジン吸気経路のＥＧＲ管路合流個所上流側から開閉弁設置個所下流側に至る送気管路を設け、モータを駆動源とし且つコンプレッサが送出する吸気の全量、及びＥＧＲ管路を経た排気を圧送可能なブロワを送気管路に組み込んだことを特徴とする過給機付内燃機関。 In an internal combustion engine with a supercharger configured to drive a compressor by a turbine rotating with exhaust of the engine and to supply intake air compressed by the compressor to the engine via an intercooler, the engine from the turbine upstream side of the engine exhaust path Provide an EGR pipe that leads to the compressor downstream side of the intake path, incorporate an on-off valve downstream of the EGR pipe merging point in the engine intake path, and downstream from the EGR pipe merging point upstream of the engine intake path An internal combustion engine with a supercharger, characterized in that a blower capable of pressure-feeding the entire amount of intake air sent from a compressor using a motor as a driving source and exhausted via an EGR pipe and a motor is a driving source . organ. ブロワのモータへ駆動電力を送り且つ当該モータにより得られる回生電力を電池へ送るインバータ装置を装備した請求項１に記載の過給機付内燃機関。 The supercharger-equipped internal combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising an inverter device that sends driving power to a blower motor and sends regenerative power obtained by the motor to a battery .
JP2004031618A 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Internal combustion engine with a supercharger Expired - Lifetime JP4511845B2 (en)

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JP6415958B2 (en) * 2014-12-11 2018-10-31 日野自動車株式会社 EGR system
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JP2018017168A (en) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-01 株式会社豊田自動織機 Electric supercharger
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