JP4450878B2 - Trimming method - Google Patents

Trimming method Download PDF

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JP4450878B2
JP4450878B2 JP26104998A JP26104998A JP4450878B2 JP 4450878 B2 JP4450878 B2 JP 4450878B2 JP 26104998 A JP26104998 A JP 26104998A JP 26104998 A JP26104998 A JP 26104998A JP 4450878 B2 JP4450878 B2 JP 4450878B2
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sheet
molded product
surplus
laminated
trimming
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JP2000084975A (en
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浩之 阿竹
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、シートを樹脂成形物からなる基材に貼り合わせ一体化した成形品とする際に、基材の周囲にはみ出したり、基材内部の中空窓部分に残ったりした、余剰シートを容易に正確にトリミングできる中間成形品を利用して余剰シートの正確なトリミングがされた最終成形品を得る為のトリミング方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、射出成形同時絵付方法によって、樹脂成形物からなる基材の表面に、装飾等が施されたシートを積層して一体化した成形品が、自動車内装部品等の各種用途で使用されている。この射出成形同時絵付方法によって、シートを基材に積層する方法としては、例えば、特公昭50−19132号公報、特公昭43−27488号公報等に記載されるように、シートを射出成形の雌雄両型間に配置した後、溶融樹脂を型内に射出充填し、樹脂成型物からなる基材の成形と同時にその表面にシートを接着積層する方法である。
【0003】
ところで、通常、シートは基材よりも大きいシートを使用して、基材からはみ出た余剰シートはトリミングして最終成形品としている。そこで、射出成形同時絵付方法でも、射出成形後に別工程でトリミングする必要が無い方法として、図5に示す如く(特開昭60−212314号公報等参照)、雌雄両型(型Ma及び型Mb)の噛合部をトリミング用刃部43として、吸引孔41による真空成形でシートSを真空成形した後、両型を型締めする際にシートSを剪断する方法等が行われている。しかし、このトリミング方法は、後工程が不要の利点はあるものの、雌雄両型の噛み合わせが正確に行われないと、トリミング用刃部を傷める為に、金型精度及びその維持が必要であった。
【0004】
この点で、余剰シートを付けたままの中間成形品を後工程でトリミングする事にはなるが、(A) カッタ等で手作業で行う方法や、(B) NC(数値制御)ルータで行う方法、(C) 或いは打ち抜きプレスの様に押し切る治具による方法も行われていた。しかし、(A) では、複雑な形状のものをトリミングするには時間がかかり、トリミングコストが高かった。また、(B) では、物品毎にトリミングすべき形状を装置にティーチングする事が必要な為に初期設定が煩雑で、しかも装置も高価であった。また、(C) では、物品毎にプレス型を作る事が必要であった。
更に(B) や(C) では、(A) に比べ自動化できる点で優れているが、中間成形品の形状が異なる毎に、ティーチングやプレス型の変更が必要である。また、この様に中間成形品形状毎に対応させる場合、より正確にトリミングするには、中間成形品は成形直後では熱を持ち、完全冷却後とは熱収縮によりサイズが微妙に異なるので、成形後の経過時間に応じた熱収縮度合いを考慮してトリミングする必要がある。しかし、中間成形品のサイズ(トリミング位置及びその形状)は、サイクルタイム短縮、シートや成形樹脂の仕様変更による型温変更、周囲作業環境温度変化等で、熱収縮度合いが変化して微妙にずれる為、正確にはトリミングできない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明者は、本特許出願時は未だ未公開であるが特願平9−97923号として、図6の概念図で示す如く、中間成形品Wにて、基材Bと該基材Bに積層された積層シート2とからなる成形品本体4に対して、余剰シート1と成形品本体4とを相対的に振動させて、余剰シート1と積層シート2との連結部3に発生する応力集中による疲労破壊を利用して、余剰シートを連結部3で切断してトリミングする方法を提案した。この方法によれば、図6の如く、余剰シート1は連結部3から離れた部分を支持具11で支持して振動させる為に、中間成形品形状の制約を受けない。従って、中間成形品形状毎に余剰シートをトリミングすべき形状が異なっても、毎回正確に且つ容易にトリミングできる方法となる。
【0006】
しかし、この振動によるトリミングでも、具合が悪い事があった。例えば図7(A)の平面図で示す様な最終成形品Pに対して、同図A−A線で切断した時の断面図で示すその中間成形品Waが、図7(B)の如く余剰シート1が、基材B上の積層シート2を真っ直ぐに伸ばした延長線上に伸びている場合である。この様な場合、これら両シートの連結部3での応力集中の度合いが低く、切断までに時間を要す等とトリミングしにくかった。すなわち、この場合は連結部3に於ける余剰シート1と積層シート2との成す角度θが180度となる、余剰シート1と積層シート2とが平行関係にある場合である。
また、図7(C)及び(D)に概念的に示す如く、振動によらずに、連結部3から少し離れた部分で余剰シート1を挟持する支持具11で、余剰シートをその張り出した面に垂直方向(図面では下方)に強制的に変位させることでも、余剰シート1を押し切る様にしてトリミングできるが、この場合、中間成形品に於ける基材Bの末端E1で切断せずに、支持具11の支持端E2で切断する等、最終成形品Pに於いて余剰シートが少し残り正確な位置でトリミングが出来なかった。
【0007】
そこで、本発明の課題は、余剰シートが未だ付いている中間成形品において、その元々の形状が異なったり、或いは熱収縮によりその形状が変化したりして、余剰シートをトリミングすべき形状が異なっても、容易に正確にトリミングできる様にした中間成形品を利用して、余剰シートの正確なトリミングがされた最終成形品が容易に得られるトリミング方法を提供する事である。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで上記課題を解決すべく、本発明のトリミング方法では、基材にシートが貼り合わされ、且つ基材に積層されない部分のシートである余剰シートが未だトリミングされておらず、該余剰シートが、基材に積層されている部分のシートである積層シートと、基材の末端で連結している連結部において、余剰シートと積層シートとの成す角度が180度以外の角度である中間成形品を用意して、連結部から離れた余剰シート部分を支持し、振動によって余剰シートに変位を与えることで該連結部に応力を発生させ、余剰シート部分を該連結部でトリミングして最終成形品とする、トリミング方法とした。この様に、余剰シートと積層シートとは連結部で折れた関係としてあるので、余剰シートに変位を与える振動によって連結部での応力集中がより多くなり、中間成形品の基材の末端形状に沿って正確な位置で容易にトリミング出来る事になる。
【0009】
なお、本発明は、振動によって余剰シートに変位を与える際に連結部から2〜50mm離れて挟持して支持する方法とするのが好ましい。
また、本発明は、前記シートが、アクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレンのいずれかとするのが好ましい。
また、前記中間成形品を射出成形同時絵付方法にて成形して用意するのが好ましい。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明のトリミング方法を、その中間成形品や該方法で利用する射出成形同時絵付方法について、実施の形態を説明する。
【0011】
〔中間成形品〕
先ず、図1は、本発明の中間成形品Wを概念的に示す概念図である。図1(A)は最終成形品Pの一例として内部に中空の窓部を有する成形品の平面図であり、この様な最終成形品となる中間成形品WをA−A線で切断した時の断面図が図1(B)である。中間成形品Wは、図1(B)の如く、樹脂成形物である基材BにシートSが貼り合わされた成形品であり、且つ基材に積層されない部分のシートである余剰シート1が未だトリミングされていない状態の成形品である。余剰シート1は基材Bに実際に積層された積層シート2と連結部3で連結している。すなわち、余剰シート1は積層シート2が基材Bの末端からはみ出した元は同じシートSからなる部分である。
そして、本発明の中間成形品Wは、図1(B)にて余剰シート1と積層シート2との連結部3の部分拡大図である図1(C)に示す如く、この連結部3に於ける余剰シート1と積層シート2との成す角度θが180度以外の角度となる様にしてある。ちなみに、図1(C)の場合では角度θは約90度である。
【0012】
そして、この様な本発明の中間成形品に対して、その余剰シートをトリミングするには、例えば既に述べた振動を利用したり、或いは押し切る等の方法によれば良い。図1(C)の如く、連結部3から離れた余剰シート1部分を支持具11で表裏から支持して、振動或いは押し切る様にして、余剰シートに変位を与えれば、連結部3は、角度θが180度の場合に比べて応力集中の度合いが大きくなり、図1(D)の如く余剰シート1は連結部3で切断する。支持具11による支持から開放直後の余剰シート1の部分である支持端E2では、余剰シートは折れ曲がっていないので、支持端E2での応力集中の程度はより少なく、支持端E2では切断しない。そして、末端E1で正確に余剰シートがトリミングされ、基材Bの表面に積層シート2が積層し一体化した最終成形品Pが得られる。
【0013】
次に、図2を参照して、本発明の中間成形品に於ける余剰シート1と積層シート2の連結部3での角度関係を更に説明する。連結部での余剰シートと積層シートとが成す角度θが180度以外である点に本発明の特徴があるが、その角度θの取り得る角度を幾つか例示する。
図2(A)は、90°<角度θ<180°の一例であり、図2(B)は、角度θ<90°の一例であり、図2(C)は角度θ=90°の例であり、図2(D)は、角度θ>180°の一例である。これらは、いずれも良好(OK)な結果が得られる場合である。これらに対して図2(E)に、本発明の対象外の角度、つまり角度θ=180°で不良(NG)の場合を例示する。これらからも分かる様に、本発明では余剰シートは積層シートとの連結部で折れ曲がった形状にしてある。折れ曲がり無しが角度θ=180°であり、折れ曲がり具合により角度θは各種値を取り得る。但し、折れ曲がると言っても、角度θが例えば170°等の様に180°に近いと、効果が少ない。効果が大きく、より好ましいのは例えば、図2(C)の如く角度θが90°、或いは90°に近い角度の場合である。
なお、これら角度θを所望の角度とするには、通常は余剰シートを挟み込む雌雄両型のパーティング面の角度や形状を調整した型を用いれば良い。基材末端からの伸びるパーティング面形状が、そのまま余剰シート形状となる。
【0014】
〔射出成形同時絵付方法〕
そして、本発明のトリミング方法に於いては、射出成形同時絵付方法を利用した成形工程にて上記の様な中間成形品を成形して、次いでトリミング工程で、その余剰シートをトリミングすることができる。余剰シートをトリミングする方法としては、振動を利用する方法は好ましい方法である。もちろん、既に述べた連結部から少し離れた部分の余剰シートを支持して押し切る様にする方法でも良い。次に、所謂射出成形同時絵付方法による成形工程の説明の前に、トリミング工程に於けるトリミング方法を説明する。
【0015】
既に図6で概説した振動利用のトリミング方法について更に説明する。この方法は、本発明者が特願平9−97923号にて提案した方法である。すなわち、図6(A)及び(B)は、そのトリミング方法の1態様を示す概念図である。中間成形品Wに於いて、基材Bの表面に積層シート2が積層された部分である成形品本体4の周囲に、積層シートから延長した形で余剰シート1がはみ出している。トリミングで切断すべき切断部分は、基材Bから余剰シート1がはみ出す付け根の部分であり、それは基材の末端部で積層シート2と余剰シート1とが連結している連結部3(E1)である。
そして、同図では、余剰シート1の先端近傍は、シートクランプ等の支持手段11で支持して、余剰シート1と成形品本体4とを相対的に振動させる。図1の態様では振動により、余剰シート1は該余剰シート1と直交する方向に変位し、交互に図6(A)の状態や、図6(B)の状態となる。図6(A)は余剰シート1に対して成形品本体4が、図面下向き矢印方向に動いた状態である。一方、図1(B)は余剰シート1に対して成形品本体4が、図面上向き矢印方向に動いた状態である。振動は、この様に切断部分とする連結部3の部分を、繰り返し折れ曲がる様な方向の振動、即ち横波振動モードが好ましい。その結果、連結部3には、繰り返し応力及び変形が集中的に発生し、疲労破壊により、切断部分で成形品本体4から余剰シート1を破断し、トリミングする事ができる。
【0016】
振動の与え方は、成形品本体は位置固定されていても良く、位置固定されていなくても良い。要は、余剰シートと成形品本体とが相対的に位置変化する振動で有ればよい。従って、図6で言えば、例えば▲1▼成形品本体4は固定で余剰シートの支持手段11は上下振動、▲2▼成形品本体4は上下振動させ、余剰シートの支持手段11は固定、▲3▼成形品本体4と余剰シートの支持手段11の両方は上下方向に逆位相で同時振動等である。
なお、振動モードとしては、図6の如く変位ベクトルが余剰シートと直交する横波振動モードの他に、変位ベクトルが余剰シート方向で成形品本体に向かって接近・離脱する方向を向く縦波振動モード、或いは変位ベクトルが基材/積層シートの積層界面に平行方向を向く捩振動モードでも良い。
振動数は、早い方が余剰シートを切断し易いが特に制限はない。通常は、50回/s〜0.5回/sの範囲で行う。
【0017】
また、余剰シート1を摘んで変位させる位置は、切断部分とする連結部3から2〜50mm程度離して挟持するのが望ましい。距離が近すぎても離れすぎても、振動による応力集中及び変形を切断部分に集中発生させにくい。
成形品本体の周囲に突き出す余剰シートは、その先端部分を長方形で額縁状のクランプ等の支持手段で余剰シートを表裏から囲繞する様に挟持する。最終成形品として中空窓部があり、その中間成形品に於いて該窓部を覆う様に余剰シートが有る場合では、その余剰シートは窓部の中央部分で支持手段で表裏から挟持する。そして、例えば、成形品本体の方を、固定した支持手段に対して振動させれば、トリミングしたい部分に繰り返し応力及び変形が集中発生し、中空窓部も含めてトリミングできる。
【0018】
図3は、上記振動を利用した或るトリミング装置の一例の概念図(断面図)であり、この図を用いて更に説明する。同図の中間成形品Wは、窓付きの成形品である。そして、直方体の箱の上部開口面の全周に、中間成形品Wの成形品本体4から周囲に突き出した余剰シート1の全周囲を載せてクランプで挟んだ様な状態を示す。そして、成形品本体4の周囲に突き出す余剰シート1は、その先端部分を長方形で額縁状のクランプ等の支持手段11で余剰シートを表裏から挟持して位置固定する。また、中空窓部に該当する余剰シート1aは、その余剰シート1aの中央部分で支持手段11aによって表裏から挟持して支持して位置固定する。余剰シートのクランプは磁力なども使える。一方、成形品本体4は表側の積層シート2が傷付かない様に裏側から挟持する。すなわち、スプリングの反発力よって押圧力が作用し、対向して対を成す固定チャック12で、成形品本体裏面凹部の両側面を図面左右方向に押圧して成形品本体を支持する。この固定チャック12と該固定チャック12に連結したアーム13とから成形品本体支持具14が構成される。なお、同図で余剰シート1aの左側の部分の成形品本体4の部分も同様にアーム13の先端に連結した固定チャックで支持されるが、この部分の成形品本体は紙面に対して垂直方向に長く、固定チャックの押圧方向も紙面に対して垂直方向にしてある。成形品本体支持具14のアーム13は、前記した箱の底面の孔を通じて、励振装置15に連結している。励振装置15の振動源としては、ピエゾ(圧電)振動子、電歪振動子、流体圧シリンダー、或いは電動機の回転運動をカムやクランク・ピストン機構等で往復運動に変換等したものを用いることができる。そして、成形品本体支持具14を励振装置15で図面矢印方向に上下に振動させれば、成形品本体4は上下に横波振動モードで振動する。その結果、トリミングしたい部分に繰り返し応力及び変形が集中発生し、中空窓部も含めてトリミングできる。なお、図示は省略するが、励振装置15による励振を図3で左右方向に行えば、成形品本体4の末端の連結部のうち、紙面に平行な連結部部は捩振動で、また紙面に垂直な連結部は縦波振動モードで振動させることが出来る。
【0019】
以上の説明からも分かる様に、振動利用のトリミング方法によれば、たとえ成形品本体が熱収縮してトリミングサイズが変化したとしても(余剰シートの支持手段11は切断部分とする連結部3からある程度離れた位置を挟持することになるので)、何の変更も無く(支持手段の位置変更の必要はない)そのままで対応することができる上、連結部で正確にトリミングできる事になる。
【0020】
そして、射出成形同時絵付方法に於ける成形工程では、以上の様な本発明の中間成形品は、次の様にして成形すれば良い。すなわち、中間成形品の成形は、従来公知の所謂射出成形同時絵付方法によれば良い。但し、この際、余剰シートと積層シートとがその連結部で成す角度は180度以外の角度となる様な、成形品形状、金型パーティング面形状としておく。所謂射出成形同時絵付方法とは、特公昭50−19132号公報、特公昭43−27488号公報等に記載されるように、シートを射出成形の雌雄両型間に配置した後、型を真空成形型として真空成形した後、流動状態の樹脂を型内に射出充填し、樹脂成型物からなる基材の成形と同時に、基材の表面にシートを積層する方法である。なお、シートの絞りが浅い場合は、シートの真空成形は省略しても良く、またシートの予熱を省略する形態も有る。そこで、次に図4の概念図によって、中間成形品の成形工程部分を、その或る一形態で説明しておく。
【0021】
先ず、図4(A)の如く、射出成形型としては、射出ノズルと連通する湯道(ランナー)及び湯口(ゲート)を有する型Maと、型面に吸引孔41を有しシートの予備成形型を兼用する型Mbの一対の成形型を用いる。これらの型は鉄等の金属、或いはセラミックスからなる。型開き状態に於いて両型Ma、Mb間にシートSを供給し、型MbにシートSを枠状のシートクランプ42で押圧する等して固定する。この際、シートSの裏側となる側は、図面右側の射出樹脂側となる様にする事はもちろんである。次いで、適宜、両型間に挿入したヒータでシートSを加熱軟化させる。加熱は例えば非接触の輻射加熱とするが、接触加熱でも良い。そして、吸引孔から吸引して真空成形して、シートSを型Mbのキャビティ面に沿わせ予備成形する。なお、真空成形は圧空も併用する真空圧空成形でも良く、これも包含する。次いで、ヒータを両型間から退避させ、図4(B)の如く両型を型締めし、両型で形成さるキャビティに加熱熔融状態等の流動状態の樹脂を充填する。そして、樹脂が冷却等によって固化後、型開きして、中間成形品を取り出すというものである。
【0022】
〔使用するシート〕
余剰シート及び積層シートとして使用されるシートとしては、基材の表面保護用のシート単層のみ、或いはシートに装飾処理が施された装飾シートを挙げることができる。シートとしては、代表的には樹脂シートが挙げられる。樹脂シートの樹脂としては、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、酢酸ビニル−塩化ビニル共重合体、ポリビニルブチラール等のビニル重合体、ポリスチレン、アクリル−スチレン共重合体、ABS(アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体)樹脂等のスチレン系樹脂、PMMA(ポリメタクリル酸メチル)、ポリメタクリル酸エチル、ポリアクリロニトリル等のアクリル系樹脂、ナイロン6、ナイロン66等のポリアミド樹脂、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリメチルペンテン、オレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、酢酸セルロース、ニトロセルロース等のセルロース系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、エチレンテレフタレート−イソフタレート共重合体、ポリアリレート等のポリエステル系樹脂、ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、シリコーンゴム等のゴム系樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリフッ化ビニル等のフッ素樹脂、ウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー、オレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー等の熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリカーボネート等である。基材シートはこれら樹脂の単層体又は複層からなる成形品本体である。
これら樹脂のなかでも、特に振動利用のトリミングによる場合は、ゴム系樹脂や熱可塑性エラストマーはその物性上、切断しにくい。また、PMMA等のアクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン等はその物性上、切断し易い。
なお、シートとしては、樹脂シートの他に、紙、織布、不織布、金属シート等でも良く、これらと樹脂シートの成形品本体でも良い。
【0023】
そして、シートは、通常は上記シートに従来公知の装飾処理等が適宜施されたものであるが、上記シート単体のこともある。
次に、樹脂からなる上記シートに施される装飾処理としては、▲1▼着色剤の練込みによるシート自身の着色、▲2▼或いは絵柄や金属薄膜層からなる装飾層の形成、▲3▼凹凸模様形成等がある。
【0024】
▲1▼着色剤の練込みによるシート自身の着色では、シートを着色透明又は着色不透明、或いは無色不透明又は着色不透明等とする装飾処理が施される。着色剤としては、チタン白、カーボンブラック、群青、弁柄、黄鉛等の無機顔料、キナクリドン、イソインドリノン、フタロシアニンブルー、アニリンブラック等の有機顔料乃至は染料等が用いられる。
【0025】
▲2▼装飾層の形成では、通常は、バインダーに着色剤等を添加した印刷インキを用いて、グラビア印刷等の公知の印刷法で装飾層を形成する。なお、装飾層が全面ベタ柄の場合には、塗液を用いたロールコート等の公知の塗工法でも良い。印刷インキ(或いは塗料)のバインダーの樹脂としては、アクリル樹脂、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリエステル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、塩素化ポリオレフィン等を単体、或いは2種以上混合使用する。着色剤は前記シート自体の着色で列記の着色剤等を用いる。装飾層の絵柄は、木目、石目、布目、砂目、幾何学模様、文字、全面ベタ等である。
なお、装飾層が金属薄膜層の場合は、アルミニウム、クロム等の真空蒸着法、スパッタリング法等で形成する。金属薄膜層は全面又は部分的(絵柄状等)な層とする。
【0026】
▲3▼凹凸模様形成は、ヘアライン加工、サンドブラスト加工、エンボス加工等により、樹脂製のシート等の表面に凹凸模様を形成する。凹凸模様は、ヘアライン、砂目、梨地、木目導管溝等である。
【0027】
また、シートの裏面には、基材との接着性向上のため、コロナ放電処理、公知の各種プライマー塗工等の易接着処理、接着剤層が適宜施されたものが使用される。
接着剤層には、熱可塑性樹脂、或いは熱硬化性樹脂等が用いられる。例えば、熱可塑性樹脂では、ポリスチレン、ポリα−メチルスチレン等のスチレン樹脂又はスチレン共重合体、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル等のアクリル樹脂、塩素化ポリプロピレン等のオレフィン塩素化ポリオレフィン樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリビニルブチラール等のビニル重合体、ポリイソプレンゴム、ポリイソブチルゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ブタジエンアクリロニトリルゴム等のゴム系樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂等の1種又は2種以上の混合物が用いられる。
【0028】
〔基材〕
基材となる射出樹脂は特に制限は無く、射出成形同時加飾方法に於ける従来公知のものが使用できる。例えば、熱可塑性樹脂であれば、ABS(アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体)樹脂、スチレン樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、或いはポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリメチルペンテン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−ブテン共重合体、オレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー等のポリオレフィン系樹脂等である。また、硬化性樹脂であれば、2液硬化型の樹脂、例えば、ウレタン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等の未硬化樹脂液等の射出成形同時加飾用として従来より知られている材料を使用できる。熱可塑性樹脂は加熱熔融して流動状態で射出し、また硬化性樹脂は室温又は適宜加熱して流動状態で射出する。
【0029】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例により本発明を更に詳述する。
【0030】
〔実施例〕
シートとしては、PMMA系の厚さ125μmのアクリル樹脂シートの裏側となる面に、絵柄を表す装飾層と、接着剤層とをグラビア印刷で形成した装飾シートを用意した。そして、射出成形型としては、中間成形品に於いて余剰シートと積層シートとがその連結部で成す角度が略90度となる様に、最終成形品では積層シートが基材の全周囲の側面にまで若干回り込む様な形状の型を用意した。この最終成形品は、自動車内装用のパネルで、幅180mm、天地250mmの略長方形の略箱型形状である。また、余剰シートは、雌雄両型の平面のパーティング面で、連結部から直線状に基材末端の外周囲に伸びた形状とした。
【0031】
そして、上記シートを用いた通常の射出成形同時絵付方法によって、中間成形品を作製した。その方法は、図4で示した如く、シートSを雌雄両型間に挿入し、型間に進入させた熱盤でシートを加熱軟化して真空成形型(雌型)で真空成形により予備成形して、次い熱盤を型外部に退避させて両型を型締めして、キャビティ内に加熱で熔融し流動状態となった樹脂を射出充填し、成形と同時に樹脂成形物からなる基材の表面にシートを積層して、中間成形品とした。なお、射出樹脂はAS樹脂(アクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合体)を用い、キャビティへの樹脂注入は、コールドスラッグの防止の為、サブマリンゲートによった。
【0032】
そして、トリミング装置で余剰シートをトリミングした。トリミングは、張り出した余剰シートを、基材の末端から少し離れた位置(約10mm)で表裏から挟んだ上で、基材と余剰シートとをシート面に垂直方向にずらして、図1(D)の様に押し切る方法によった。
その結果、図1(D)の如く、基材Bの末端E1である積層シートと余剰シートとの連結部で、余剰シート1を切断でき、望み通りの場所で正確にトリミングできた。
【0033】
〔比較例〕
実施例に対して、射出成形型を、中間成形品に於いて余剰シートと積層シートとがその連結部の成す角度が略180度となる様な、基材表面上の積層シートが基材の全周囲で側面に回り込まない最終成形品が得られる型に変更した〔図7(C)参照〕。この他は、実施例同様に中間成形品を成形し、実施例同様にトリミングした。
その結果、図7(D)の如く、基材Bの末端である積層シートと余剰シートとの連結部では、余剰シート1を切断できず、支持具11の支持端E2で切断され、望み通りの場所で正確にトリミングできなかった。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、中間成形品(最終成形品)の元々の形状が異なったり、或いは熱収縮によって中間成形品の形状が変化したりして、余剰シートをトリミングすべき形状が異なっても、トリミング装置側ではトリミング形状に正確に一致させる対応無しに、余剰シートの根元(製品末端)の正確な位置で容易にトリミングできる。
また、余剰シートが正確な位置でトリミングされた最終成形品が容易に得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の中間成形品における余剰シートの状態とトリミングによる切断部分を説明する概念図。
【図2】中間成形品に於ける余剰シートと積層シートの連結部での角度を例示する断面図。
【図3】本発明のトリミング方法に於けるトリミング工程として、振動利用のトリミング方法及とその装置を或る一例で説明する概念図。
【図4】本発明の射出成形同時絵付方法に於ける中間成形品の成形工程をその一形態で説明する概念図。
【図5】従来の射出成形同時絵付方法に於いて、型に設けた刃部で余剰シートを剪断してトリミングする一例を示す概念図。
【図6】振動利用のトリミング方法を或る一例で説明する概念図。
【図7】従来の中間成形品における余剰シートの状態を説明する概念図。
【符号の説明】
1 余剰シート
2 積層シート
3 連結部
4 成形品本体
11 支持具(支持手段)
12 固定チャック
13 アーム
14 中間成形品支持具
15 励振装置
41 吸引孔
42 シートクランプ
43 トリミング用刃部
B 基材
E1 基材の末端
E2 支持端
Ma 射出成形型(雄型)
Mb 射出成形型(雌型)
P 最終成形品
W、Wa 中間成形品
θ 余剰シートと積層シートとがそれら連結部で成す角度
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  In the present invention, when a sheet is formed by bonding and integrating a sheet to a base material made of a resin molded product, an excess sheet that protrudes around the base material or remains in a hollow window portion inside the base material can be easily obtained. Intermediate molding that can be trimmed accuratelyGoodsTo obtain the final molded product with trimming of surplus sheets accuratelytrimmingRegarding the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, molded products in which a decorative sheet is laminated and integrated on the surface of a base material made of resin molding by the simultaneous injection molding method have been used in various applications such as automotive interior parts. Yes. As a method of laminating a sheet on a substrate by this injection molding simultaneous painting method, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-19132, Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-27488, etc. This is a method in which a molten resin is injected and filled into a mold after being placed between both molds, and a sheet is bonded and laminated on the surface simultaneously with the molding of a substrate made of a resin molded product.
[0003]
By the way, normally, a sheet larger than the base material is used, and the surplus sheet protruding from the base material is trimmed into a final molded product. Therefore, in the simultaneous injection molding method, as shown in FIG. 5 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-212314), there is no need to perform trimming in a separate process after injection molding. ) Is used as a trimming blade 43, and after the sheet S is vacuum formed by vacuum forming using the suction holes 41, the sheet S is sheared when the two molds are clamped. However, although this trimming method has the advantage of not requiring a post-process, if the male and female molds are not correctly meshed, the trimming blade is damaged, and the mold accuracy and its maintenance are required. It was.
[0004]
In this respect, the intermediate molded product with the surplus sheet attached is trimmed in a later process, but (A) a manual method using a cutter or the like, or (B) an NC (numerical control) router. Method (C) or a method using a jig that pushes out like a punching press has also been performed. However, in (A), it took time to trim a complicated shape, and the trimming cost was high. In (B), since it is necessary to teach the apparatus the shape to be trimmed for each article, the initial setting is complicated, and the apparatus is also expensive. In (C), it was necessary to make a press die for each article.
Furthermore, (B) and (C) are superior in that they can be automated compared to (A), but each time the shape of the intermediate molded product is different, teaching and press dies must be changed. In addition, in order to correspond to each intermediate molded product shape in this way, in order to trim more accurately, the intermediate molded product has heat immediately after molding, and the size slightly differs due to heat shrinkage after complete cooling, so molding It is necessary to perform trimming in consideration of the degree of thermal contraction according to the elapsed time later. However, the size of the intermediate molded product (trimming position and its shape) slightly deviates due to changes in the degree of thermal shrinkage due to cycle time reduction, mold temperature changes due to changes in sheet and molding resin specifications, ambient work environment temperature changes, etc. Therefore, it cannot be trimmed accurately.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has not yet published at the time of filing this patent application, but as Japanese Patent Application No. 9-97923, as shown in the conceptual diagram of FIG. The excess sheet 1 and the molded article body 4 are caused to vibrate relatively with respect to the molded article body 4 composed of the laminated sheet 2 laminated on B, and is generated at the connecting portion 3 between the excess sheet 1 and the laminated sheet 2. A method has been proposed in which excess sheets are trimmed by cutting at the connecting portion 3 using fatigue failure due to stress concentration. According to this method, as shown in FIG. 6, the surplus sheet 1 is not restricted by the shape of the intermediate molded product because the surplus sheet 1 is vibrated by supporting the portion away from the connecting portion 3 with the support 11. Therefore, even if the shape of the surplus sheet to be trimmed is different for each intermediate molded product shape, the trimming method can be performed accurately and easily every time.
[0006]
However, even with this vibration trimming, there was a problem. For example, with respect to the final molded product P as shown in the plan view of FIG. 7A, the intermediate molded product Wa shown in a sectional view when cut along the line AA in FIG. This is the case where the surplus sheet 1 extends on an extension line obtained by straightly extending the laminated sheet 2 on the base material B. In such a case, the degree of stress concentration at the connecting portion 3 of these two sheets is low, and it is difficult to perform trimming because it takes time until cutting. That is, in this case, the angle θ between the surplus sheet 1 and the laminated sheet 2 in the connecting portion 3 is 180 degrees, and the surplus sheet 1 and the laminated sheet 2 are in a parallel relationship.
Further, as conceptually shown in FIGS. 7C and 7D, the surplus sheet is overhanged by the support 11 that sandwiches the surplus sheet 1 at a part slightly away from the connecting portion 3 without vibration. Even by forcibly displacing in the direction perpendicular to the surface (downward in the drawing), trimming can be performed so as to push the surplus sheet 1 through, but in this case, without cutting at the end E1 of the base material B in the intermediate molded product. In the final molded product P, a little surplus sheet remained and trimming could not be performed at an accurate position, such as cutting at the support end E2 of the support tool 11.
[0007]
  Therefore, the problem of the present invention is that in an intermediate molded product still having an excess sheet, the original shape is different, or the shape is changed by heat shrinkage, and the shape to be trimmed is different. Can be trimmed easily and accuratelyLikeIntermediate moldingGoodsBy using this, it is easy to obtain a final molded product in which the surplus sheet is accurately trimmed.trimmingIs to provide a method.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problem, in the trimming method of the present invention, the surplus sheet, which is a portion of the sheet that is not laminated on the base material and the sheet is bonded to the base material, has not been trimmed yet, Prepare intermediate molded products in which the angle formed between the excess sheet and the laminated sheet is other than 180 degrees at the connecting part connected at the end of the base material and the laminated sheet that is the sheet that is laminated to the material Support the surplus sheet part away from the connecting part andIn motionTherefore, it gives displacement to the surplus sheetTo generate stress in the connecting part,Surplus sheet partAt the connecting partThe trimming method was performed by trimming to obtain a final molded product. In this way, since the surplus sheet and the laminated sheet are broken at the connecting portion, the stress concentration at the connecting portion is increased by the vibration that gives displacement to the surplus sheet, and the terminal shape of the base material of the intermediate molded product is increased. It can be easily trimmed at an accurate position along.
[0009]
In addition, it is preferable that the present invention is a method of holding and supporting 2 to 50 mm away from the connecting portion when the surplus sheet is displaced by vibration.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the sheet is any one of acrylic resin, polycarbonate, and polystyrene.
Further, it is preferable to prepare the intermediate molded product by molding by an injection molding simultaneous painting method.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.The trimming methodIntermediate molded products andUse this methodAn embodiment of the injection molding simultaneous painting method will be described.
[0011]
[Intermediate molded product]
First, FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram conceptually showing an intermediate molded product W of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a plan view of a molded product having a hollow window inside as an example of the final molded product P. When an intermediate molded product W that is such a final molded product is cut along line AA. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the intermediate molded product W is a molded product in which the sheet S is bonded to the base material B that is a resin molded product, and the surplus sheet 1 that is a portion of the sheet that is not laminated on the base material is still present. The molded product is not trimmed. The surplus sheet 1 is connected to the laminated sheet 2 actually laminated on the base material B by the connecting portion 3. That is, the surplus sheet 1 is a portion made of the same sheet S from which the laminated sheet 2 protrudes from the end of the base material B.
Then, the intermediate molded product W of the present invention is connected to the connecting portion 3 as shown in FIG. 1C which is a partially enlarged view of the connecting portion 3 between the surplus sheet 1 and the laminated sheet 2 in FIG. The angle θ between the surplus sheet 1 and the laminated sheet 2 is set to an angle other than 180 degrees. Incidentally, in the case of FIG. 1C, the angle θ is about 90 degrees.
[0012]
Then, in order to trim the surplus sheet of such an intermediate molded product of the present invention, for example, a method such as using the vibration described above or pushing it out may be used. As shown in FIG. 1 (C), if the surplus sheet 1 portion separated from the connecting portion 3 is supported from the front and back by the support 11 and is displaced or vibrated, the connecting portion 3 is angled. The degree of stress concentration is greater than when θ is 180 degrees, and the surplus sheet 1 is cut at the connecting portion 3 as shown in FIG. Since the surplus sheet is not bent at the support end E2, which is the portion of the surplus sheet 1 immediately after being released from the support by the support tool 11, the degree of stress concentration at the support end E2 is less, and the support end E2 is not cut. Then, the surplus sheet is trimmed accurately at the end E1, and the final molded product P in which the laminated sheet 2 is laminated and integrated on the surface of the base material B is obtained.
[0013]
Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the angular relationship in the connection part 3 of the surplus sheet 1 and the lamination sheet 2 in the intermediate molded product of this invention is further demonstrated. There is a feature of the present invention in that the angle θ formed by the surplus sheet and the laminated sheet at the connecting portion is other than 180 degrees, but some of the possible angles of the angle θ are exemplified.
2A is an example of 90 ° <angle θ <180 °, FIG. 2B is an example of angle θ <90 °, and FIG. 2C is an example of angle θ = 90 °. FIG. 2D shows an example of the angle θ> 180 °. These are cases where good (OK) results are obtained. On the other hand, FIG. 2 (E) illustrates a case of a failure (NG) at an angle outside the scope of the present invention, that is, an angle θ = 180 °. As understood from these, in the present invention, the surplus sheet is bent at the connecting portion with the laminated sheet. The angle θ = 180 ° indicates that there is no bending, and the angle θ can take various values depending on the degree of bending. However, even if it bends, if the angle θ is close to 180 °, such as 170 °, the effect is small. The effect is large and more preferable, for example, when the angle θ is 90 ° or close to 90 ° as shown in FIG.
In order to set the angle θ to a desired angle, a mold in which the angle and shape of the parting surfaces of both male and female molds that sandwich the surplus sheet are usually used may be used. The parting surface shape extending from the end of the base material becomes the surplus sheet shape as it is.
[0014]
[Injection molding simultaneous painting method]
  And the present inventiontrimmingIn the method,Using the injection molding simultaneous painting methodThe intermediate molded product as described above is molded in the molding process, and then the surplus sheet is trimmed in the trimming process.be able to.As a method of trimming excess sheets, ShakeA method using motion is a preferred method. Of course, a method of supporting and pushing out the surplus sheet at a part slightly away from the connecting portion already described may be used. Next, the trimming method in the trimming process will be described before the description of the molding process by the so-called injection molding simultaneous painting method.
[0015]
The vibration-based trimming method already outlined in FIG. 6 will be further described. This method is a method proposed by the present inventor in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-97923. That is, FIGS. 6A and 6B are conceptual diagrams showing one aspect of the trimming method. In the intermediate molded product W, the surplus sheet 1 protrudes around the molded product main body 4 which is a portion where the laminated sheet 2 is laminated on the surface of the base material B in a form extending from the laminated sheet. The cut portion to be cut by trimming is a base portion where the surplus sheet 1 protrudes from the base material B, which is a connecting portion 3 (E1) where the laminated sheet 2 and the surplus sheet 1 are connected at the end of the base material. It is.
And in the same figure, the front-end | tip vicinity of the surplus sheet 1 is supported by support means 11, such as a sheet clamp, and the surplus sheet 1 and the molded article main body 4 are vibrated relatively. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the surplus sheet 1 is displaced in a direction orthogonal to the surplus sheet 1 by vibration, and alternately takes the state of FIG. 6A or the state of FIG. 6B. FIG. 6A shows a state in which the molded product body 4 moves in the direction of the downward arrow in the drawing relative to the surplus sheet 1. On the other hand, FIG. 1B shows a state in which the molded product body 4 is moved in the upward arrow direction relative to the surplus sheet 1. The vibration is preferably a vibration in a direction in which the portion of the connecting portion 3 that is a cut portion is bent repeatedly, that is, a transverse wave vibration mode. As a result, repeated stress and deformation are intensively generated in the connecting portion 3, and the surplus sheet 1 can be broken from the molded product body 4 at the cut portion and trimmed due to fatigue failure.
[0016]
As for how to give vibration, the position of the molded product main body may be fixed or may not be fixed. In short, it is sufficient if the surplus sheet and the molded product main body are caused to vibrate relatively in position. Accordingly, in FIG. 6, for example, (1) the molded product body 4 is fixed and the surplus sheet support means 11 is vertically vibrated, and (2) the molded product body 4 is vertically vibrated, and the surplus sheet support means 11 is fixed. (3) Both the molded product main body 4 and the surplus sheet support means 11 are simultaneously vibrated in the opposite phases in the vertical direction.
As the vibration mode, in addition to the transverse wave vibration mode in which the displacement vector is orthogonal to the surplus sheet as shown in FIG. 6, the longitudinal wave vibration mode in which the displacement vector is directed toward and away from the molded product body in the surplus sheet direction. Alternatively, a torsional vibration mode in which the displacement vector faces the direction parallel to the substrate / laminate sheet lamination interface may be used.
The higher the frequency, the easier it is to cut the surplus sheet, but there is no particular limitation. Usually, it is performed in the range of 50 times / s to 0.5 times / s.
[0017]
Further, it is desirable that the position where the excess sheet 1 is picked and displaced is sandwiched by being separated by about 2 to 50 mm from the connecting portion 3 which is a cut portion. Even if the distance is too close or too far away, it is difficult for stress concentration and deformation due to vibration to occur at the cut portion.
The surplus sheet protruding to the periphery of the molded product body is sandwiched so as to surround the surplus sheet from the front and back by a support means such as a rectangular frame-shaped clamp. When there is a hollow window portion as the final molded product and an excess sheet is present in the intermediate molded product so as to cover the window portion, the excess sheet is sandwiched from the front and back by the support means at the center portion of the window portion. For example, if the molded product body is vibrated with respect to the fixed support means, stress and deformation are repeatedly concentrated on the portion to be trimmed, and trimming can be performed including the hollow window portion.
[0018]
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram (cross-sectional view) of an example of a certain trimming apparatus using the vibration, and will be further described with reference to this figure. The intermediate molded product W in the figure is a molded product with a window. And the state where the whole circumference | surroundings of the surplus sheet | seat 1 which protruded from the molded article main body 4 of the intermediate molded product W to the circumference | surroundings was put on the perimeter of the upper opening surface of a rectangular parallelepiped box, and it clamped with the clamp is shown. Then, the surplus sheet 1 protruding around the molded product body 4 is fixed in position by sandwiching the surplus sheet from the front and back with a support means 11 such as a rectangular frame-shaped clamp. Further, the surplus sheet 1a corresponding to the hollow window portion is sandwiched and supported from the front and back by the support means 11a at the central portion of the surplus sheet 1a and fixed in position. The extra sheet clamp can use magnetic force. On the other hand, the molded product body 4 is sandwiched from the back side so that the laminated sheet 2 on the front side is not damaged. That is, a pressing force is applied by the repulsive force of the spring, and the molded product main body is supported by pressing both side surfaces of the concave portion of the rear surface of the molded product main body in the left-right direction with the fixed chucks 12 which are opposed to each other. A molded product body support 14 is constituted by the fixed chuck 12 and the arm 13 connected to the fixed chuck 12. In the same figure, the part of the molded product main body 4 on the left side of the surplus sheet 1a is also supported by a fixed chuck connected to the tip of the arm 13, but the molded product main body of this part is perpendicular to the paper surface. The pressing direction of the fixed chuck is also perpendicular to the paper surface. The arm 13 of the molded product body support 14 is connected to the excitation device 15 through the hole on the bottom surface of the box. As a vibration source of the excitation device 15, a piezoelectric (piezoelectric) vibrator, an electrostrictive vibrator, a fluid pressure cylinder, or a device in which a rotary motion of an electric motor is converted into a reciprocating motion by a cam or a crank / piston mechanism is used. it can. And if the molded article main body support tool 14 is vibrated up and down in the direction of the drawing arrow by the excitation device 15, the molded article main body 4 vibrates up and down in the transverse wave vibration mode. As a result, repeated stress and deformation are concentrated in the portion to be trimmed, and trimming can be performed including the hollow window portion. Although illustration is omitted, if excitation by the excitation device 15 is performed in the left-right direction in FIG. 3, among the connecting parts at the end of the molded product body 4, the connecting part parallel to the paper surface is caused by torsional vibration and is also applied to the paper surface. The vertical connecting part can be vibrated in the longitudinal wave vibration mode.
[0019]
As can be understood from the above description, according to the trimming method using vibration, even if the molded product main body is thermally contracted and the trimming size is changed (the surplus sheet support means 11 is separated from the connecting portion 3 as a cut portion). This means that it can be handled without any change (no need to change the position of the support means) and can be trimmed accurately at the connecting portion.
[0020]
  And, CumIn the molding step of the simultaneous drawing method, the intermediate molded product of the present invention as described above may be molded as follows. That is, the intermediate molded product may be molded by a conventionally known so-called injection molding simultaneous painting method. However, at this time, the shape of the molded product and the mold parting surface shape are set so that the angle formed by the connecting portion between the surplus sheet and the laminated sheet is an angle other than 180 degrees. The so-called injection molding simultaneous painting method is, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-19132, Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-27488, etc., after a sheet is placed between both male and female molds for injection molding, and then the mold is vacuum molded. After vacuum forming as a mold, a resin in a fluid state is injected and filled into the mold, and a sheet is laminated on the surface of the substrate simultaneously with the formation of the substrate made of a resin molded product. When the sheet is shallow, vacuum forming of the sheet may be omitted, and there is a form in which preheating of the sheet is omitted. Therefore, the molding process portion of the intermediate molded product will be described in a certain form with reference to the conceptual diagram of FIG.
[0021]
First, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), as an injection molding die, a mold Ma having a runner communicating with an injection nozzle and a gate (gate), a suction hole 41 on the mold surface, and preforming a sheet. A pair of molds of a mold Mb that also serves as a mold is used. These molds are made of metal such as iron or ceramics. In the mold open state, the sheet S is supplied between both molds Ma and Mb, and the sheet S is fixed to the mold Mb by pressing it with a frame-shaped sheet clamp 42. At this time, of course, the back side of the sheet S is the injection resin side on the right side of the drawing. Next, the sheet S is softened by heating with a heater inserted between both molds as appropriate. The heating is, for example, non-contact radiation heating, but may be contact heating. Then, the sheet S is vacuum-formed by suction from the suction hole, and the sheet S is preformed along the cavity surface of the mold Mb. Note that the vacuum forming may be vacuum / pressure forming using pressure air together, and includes this. Next, the heater is retracted from between both molds, and both molds are clamped as shown in FIG. 4B, and a resin formed in a fluid state such as a heat-melted state is filled in a cavity formed by both molds. Then, after the resin is solidified by cooling or the like, the mold is opened and the intermediate molded product is taken out.
[0022]
[Sheet to use]
Examples of the sheet used as the surplus sheet and the laminated sheet include a single sheet for protecting the surface of the base material, or a decorative sheet in which a decorative process is performed on the sheet. A typical example of the sheet is a resin sheet. Examples of the resin for the resin sheet include vinyl polymers such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, polystyrene, acrylic-styrene copolymer, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene). Copolymers) styrene resins such as resins, acrylic resins such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), polyethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide resins such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, Polyolefin resins such as olefinic thermoplastic elastomers, cellulose resins such as cellulose acetate and nitrocellulose, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, ethylene terephthalate-isophthalate copolymer Body, polyester resins such as polyarylate, rubber resins such as butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber and silicone rubber, fluororesins such as polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinyl fluoride, heat from urethane thermoplastic elastomer, olefin thermoplastic elastomer, etc. Plastic elastomers, polycarbonates and the like. The base sheet is a molded product body composed of a single layer or multiple layers of these resins.
Among these resins, particularly when using vibration-based trimming, rubber resins and thermoplastic elastomers are difficult to cut due to their physical properties. In addition, acrylic resins such as PMMA, polycarbonate, polystyrene and the like are easy to cut due to their physical properties.
In addition to the resin sheet, the sheet may be paper, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, metal sheet, or the like, or a molded product body of these and the resin sheet.
[0023]
The sheet is usually obtained by appropriately applying conventionally known decoration processing to the sheet, but may be the sheet alone.
Next, the decoration process applied to the sheet made of resin includes (1) coloring of the sheet itself by kneading a colorant, (2) or formation of a decoration layer made of a pattern or a metal thin film layer, (3) There is an uneven pattern formation.
[0024]
(1) In coloring the sheet itself by kneading the colorant, a decoration process is performed to make the sheet colored transparent or colored opaque, colorless opaque or colored opaque, or the like. As the colorant, there are used inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, ultramarine blue, petal, yellow lead, and organic pigments or dyes such as quinacridone, isoindolinone, phthalocyanine blue, and aniline black.
[0025]
(2) In the formation of the decoration layer, the decoration layer is usually formed by a known printing method such as gravure printing using a printing ink in which a colorant or the like is added to a binder. In the case where the decorative layer has a solid pattern, a known coating method such as roll coating using a coating solution may be used. As a binder resin for printing ink (or paint), acrylic resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester resin, urethane resin, chlorinated polyolefin, etc. are used alone or in combination. As the colorant, listed colorants are used for coloring the sheet itself. The pattern of the decoration layer is wood grain, stone grain, cloth grain, sand grain, geometric pattern, character, full face, and the like.
When the decoration layer is a metal thin film layer, it is formed by a vacuum deposition method such as aluminum or chromium, a sputtering method, or the like. The metal thin film layer is a whole surface or a partial layer (such as a pattern).
[0026]
(3) The concavo-convex pattern is formed by forming a concavo-convex pattern on the surface of a resin sheet or the like by hairline processing, sand blasting, embossing or the like. The concavo-convex pattern is a hairline, sand grain, pear texture, wood grain conduit groove or the like.
[0027]
In addition, the back side of the sheet is used with an appropriate adhesive treatment such as corona discharge treatment, known various primer coatings, and an adhesive layer for improving the adhesion to the substrate.
For the adhesive layer, a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or the like is used. For example, for thermoplastic resins, styrene resins or styrene copolymers such as polystyrene and poly-α-methylstyrene, acrylics such as poly (meth) methyl acrylate, poly (meth) ethyl acrylate, poly (meth) butyl acrylate, etc. Resins, olefin chlorinated polyolefin resins such as chlorinated polypropylene, vinyl chloride resins, vinyl acetate resins, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl polymers such as polyvinyl butyral, polyisoprene rubber, polyisobutyl rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, One type or a mixture of two or more types of rubber resins such as butadiene acrylonitrile rubber, thermoplastic resins such as polyamide resin, and the like are used.
[0028]
〔Base material〕
The injection resin used as the base material is not particularly limited, and conventionally known resins in the simultaneous injection molding decorating method can be used. For example, in the case of a thermoplastic resin, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) resin, styrene resin, vinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, or polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polymethylpentene, ethylene-propylene copolymer. Examples thereof include polyolefin resins such as polymers, ethylene-propylene-butene copolymers, and olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers. Moreover, if it is a curable resin, it is a conventionally known material for simultaneous injection molding of a two-component curable resin, for example, an uncured resin solution such as a urethane resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, and an epoxy resin. Can be used. The thermoplastic resin is melted by heating and injected in a fluid state, and the curable resin is injected in a fluid state at room temperature or appropriately heated.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0030]
〔Example〕
As the sheet, a decorative sheet was prepared in which a decorative layer representing a pattern and an adhesive layer were formed by gravure printing on the back side of a PMMA-based 125 μm thick acrylic resin sheet. As the injection mold, in the final molded product, the laminated sheet is a side surface of the entire periphery of the base material so that the angle formed by the connecting portion of the surplus sheet and the laminated sheet in the intermediate molded product is approximately 90 degrees. A mold with a shape that slightly wraps around is prepared. This final molded product is a panel for an automobile interior and has a substantially rectangular shape with a width of 180 mm and a top and bottom of 250 mm. Further, the surplus sheet was a parting surface of both male and female planes, and had a shape extending linearly from the connecting portion to the outer periphery of the base end.
[0031]
And the intermediate molded article was produced with the normal injection molding simultaneous painting method using the said sheet | seat. As shown in FIG. 4, the sheet S is inserted between both male and female molds, the sheet is heated and softened with a hot plate inserted between the molds, and preformed by vacuum forming with a vacuum forming mold (female mold). Then, the next hot platen is retracted to the outside of the mold, both molds are clamped, and the resin melted by heating into the cavity and injected into the fluid state is injected and filled with the base material made of the resin molding at the same time as molding. A sheet was laminated on the surface of this to obtain an intermediate molded product. The injection resin used was an AS resin (acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer), and the resin was injected into the cavity using a submarine gate to prevent cold slug.
[0032]
Then, the surplus sheet was trimmed with a trimming device. In the trimming, the protruding excess sheet is sandwiched from the front and back at a position slightly separated from the end of the substrate (about 10 mm), and then the substrate and the excess sheet are shifted in the vertical direction with respect to the sheet surface. ).
As a result, as shown in FIG. 1D, the surplus sheet 1 could be cut at the connecting portion between the laminated sheet and the surplus sheet, which is the end E1 of the base material B, and trimmed exactly as desired.
[0033]
[Comparative Example]
In contrast to the embodiment, the injection mold is formed by using a laminated sheet on the substrate surface such that the angle formed by the connecting portion of the surplus sheet and the laminated sheet in the intermediate molded product is approximately 180 degrees. The mold was changed to a mold that yielded a final molded product that did not wrap around the side surface all around (see FIG. 7C). Other than this, an intermediate molded product was molded in the same manner as in the example and trimmed in the same manner as in the example.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 7D, the surplus sheet 1 cannot be cut at the connecting portion between the laminated sheet and the surplus sheet, which is the end of the base material B, but is cut at the support end E2 of the support tool 11, as desired. Could not be trimmed accurately at the location.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
  The present inventionAccording to the trimming apparatus, even if the original shape of the intermediate molded product (final molded product) is different or the shape of the intermediate molded product is changed due to heat shrinkage, the shape of the surplus sheet to be trimmed is different. On the side, trimming can be easily performed at an accurate position of the root (end of the product) of the surplus sheet without correspondingly matching the trimming shape.
  In additionA final molded product in which the surplus sheet is trimmed at an accurate position can be easily obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a state of an excess sheet and a cut portion by trimming in an intermediate molded product of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an angle at a connecting portion between an excess sheet and a laminated sheet in an intermediate molded product.
FIG. 3 of the present inventiontrimmingThe conceptual diagram explaining the trimming method and apparatus using a vibration as a trimming process in a method with an example.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a molding process of an intermediate molded product in the injection molding simultaneous painting method of the present invention in one form.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example in which a surplus sheet is sheared and trimmed with a blade provided in a mold in a conventional injection molding simultaneous painting method.
FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a trimming method using vibration.
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a state of an excess sheet in a conventional intermediate molded product.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Surplus sheet
2 Laminated sheets
3 connecting parts
4 Molded product body
11 Support tool (support means)
12 Fixed chuck
13 arms
14 Intermediate molded product support
15 Exciter
41 Suction hole
42 Sheet clamp
43 Trimming blade
B base material
E1 End of substrate
E2 Support end
Ma injection mold (male mold)
Mb injection mold (female)
P Final molded product
W, Wa intermediate molded product
θ Angle formed by the connection between the excess sheet and laminated sheet

Claims (4)

基材にシートが貼り合わされ、且つ基材に積層されない部分のシートである余剰シートが未だトリミングされておらず、該余剰シートが、基材に積層されている部分のシートである積層シートと、基材の末端で連結している連結部において、余剰シートと積層シートとの成す角度が180度以外の角度である中間成形品を用意して、連結部から離れた余剰シート部分を支持し、振動によって余剰シートに変位を与えることで該連結部に応力を発生させ、余剰シート部分を該連結部でトリミングして最終成形品とする、トリミング方法。The surplus sheet, which is a portion of the sheet that is laminated to the base material and is not laminated to the base material, is not yet trimmed, and the surplus sheet is a laminated sheet that is a portion of the sheet laminated to the base material; In the connecting part connected at the end of the base material, an intermediate molded product having an angle other than 180 degrees formed by the excess sheet and the laminated sheet is prepared, and the excess sheet part separated from the connecting part is supported, vibratory stress is generated in the connecting portion in Rukoto given displacement surplus sheet by the final molded article the surplus sheet portion is trimmed at the connecting portion, trimming method. 振動によって余剰シートに変位を与える際に連結部から2〜50mm離れて挟持して支持する請求項1に記載のトリミング方法。  The trimming method according to claim 1, wherein when the displacement is applied to the surplus sheet by vibration, the surplus sheet is sandwiched and supported 2 to 50 mm away from the connecting portion. 前記シートが、アクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレンのいずれかである請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載のトリミング方法。  The trimming method according to claim 1, wherein the sheet is any one of acrylic resin, polycarbonate, and polystyrene. 前記中間成形品を射出成形同時絵付方法にて成形して用意する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のトリミング方法。  The trimming method according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate molded product is prepared by molding by an injection molding simultaneous painting method.
JP26104998A 1998-09-16 1998-09-16 Trimming method Expired - Fee Related JP4450878B2 (en)

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JP2002292679A (en) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-09 Nissha Printing Co Ltd Decorative film which can be drawn deeply
US7655163B2 (en) 2007-05-09 2010-02-02 Sanwa Screen Co., Ltd. Manufacturing method of film insert molded article

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KR101765701B1 (en) 2016-09-27 2017-08-08 영진하이테크 주식회사 System for trimming carbon fiber

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