JP4314512B2 - Automatic warehouse and sorting method in automatic warehouse - Google Patents

Automatic warehouse and sorting method in automatic warehouse Download PDF

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JP4314512B2
JP4314512B2 JP2003161839A JP2003161839A JP4314512B2 JP 4314512 B2 JP4314512 B2 JP 4314512B2 JP 2003161839 A JP2003161839 A JP 2003161839A JP 2003161839 A JP2003161839 A JP 2003161839A JP 4314512 B2 JP4314512 B2 JP 4314512B2
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JP2004359432A (en
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彰人 田井
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Murata Machinery Ltd
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Murata Machinery Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の利用分野】
この発明は、仕分け機能を備えた自動倉庫と仕分け方法とに関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
【特許文献1】
特開2003−54716号公報
特許文献1は、昇降棚を用いた仕分けシステムを開示している。昇降棚に多数の昇降枠を設け、昇降枠が高さを固定したローラコンベヤの搬送面を通過して昇降できるようにする。昇降枠がコンベヤの搬送面を通って上昇すると、コンベヤ上の物品をすくい取り、コンベヤの搬送面を下向きに通過すると物品をコンベヤに荷下ろしする。特許文献1の仕分けシステムでは、入庫用の長距離コンベヤから昇降棚の昇降枠に物品を一時的にストックし、必要数量ずつ昇降棚内のコンベヤに荷下ろしして、出庫用の長距離コンベヤへ搬出する。
【0003】
特許文献1の仕分けシステムでは、多数の昇降棚が必要である。例えば10品目を扱うものとすると、1品目毎に専用の昇降棚を割り当てるのが効率的で、1つの昇降棚に2品目を割り当てると、これらの2品目を同時に出庫することができなくなる。次に昇降棚には、出庫動作に用いる期間と入庫動作に用いる期間とが交互に生じるので、2つの昇降棚を1品目に割り当てるのが好ましい。すると10品目に対して昇降棚は20棚必要で、品目数が多い場合、昇降棚の必要数はより多くなる。特に扱い量の少ない物品でも、それ用の昇降棚が必要になり、多品種を少量ずつソートするには問題があった。
【0004】
【発明の課題】
この発明の課題は、出庫側の昇降棚のみでなく、入庫側の昇降棚も出庫用の仕分けに用いることができる、自動倉庫と仕分け方法とを提供することにある。
【0005】
【発明の構成】
この発明の自動倉庫では、コンベヤと、該コンベヤの搬送面を上下に通過するように昇降して、該コンベヤとの間で物品を移し替える複数の昇降枠、とからなる昇降棚を、少なくとも入庫側と出庫側とに設けて、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとを接続すると共に、
入庫側の昇降棚及び出庫側の昇降棚に沿って走行するスタッカークレーンを設けて、出庫側の昇降棚及び入庫側の昇降棚の他の昇降枠に移載することにより、入庫側の昇降棚の物品を仕分け、
出庫側の昇降棚の物品を出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤにより搬出すると共に、
入庫側の昇降棚の物品を、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとにより搬出する。
【0006】
またこの発明の自動倉庫での仕分け方法では、コンベヤと、該コンベヤの搬送面を上下に通過するように昇降して、該コンベヤとの間で物品を移し替える複数の昇降枠、とからなる昇降棚を、少なくとも入庫側と出庫側とに設けて、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとを接続すると共に、
入庫側の昇降棚及び出庫側の昇降棚に沿って走行するスタッカークレーンを設け、
前記スタッカークレーンにより、出庫側の昇降棚及び入庫側の昇降棚の他の昇降枠に移載することにより、入庫側の昇降棚の物品を仕分けるステップと、
出庫側の昇降棚の物品を出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤにより搬出するステップと、
入庫側の昇降棚の物品を、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとにより搬出するステップとを実行する。
【0007】
特に好ましくは、入庫側の昇降棚と出庫側の昇降棚の他に固定棚を設けて、入庫側の昇降棚に残った物品を、スタッカークレーンで固定棚に搬入して保管する。入庫側の昇降棚の昇降枠に物品が残ると、それよりも上の昇降枠を降ろしてコンベヤから物品を移し替えることができない。そこで入庫側の昇降棚に残った物品を固定棚に移せると、便利である。また出庫頻度が少ない物品は固定棚で保管すれば良く、仕分けできる物品の品目を更に増すことができる。
【0008】
【発明の作用と効果】
この発明では、入庫側の昇降棚に複数の物品を連続的に搬入し、スタッカークレーンにより入庫側の昇降棚から物品を、ソート(仕分け)の指令に従って選択的に取り出して、出庫側の昇降棚及び入庫側の昇降棚の適宜の位置に載置する。これによって入庫した物品を仕分け、出庫の準備を行うことができる。出庫時には、出庫側の昇降棚の物品をコンベヤにより搬出し、入庫側の昇降棚の物品を入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとにより搬出する。このため入庫側の昇降棚も、物品の仕分け先として利用できる。
【0009】
この発明では、入庫側の昇降棚及び出庫側の昇降棚を、コンベヤとこのコンベヤの搬送面を上下に通過する昇降枠とで構成するので、昇降棚での物品の保持能力は、昇降枠の段数×1枠当たりの物品の保持個数、で定まる。このため大量の物品を保持することができ、小さな床面積の自動倉庫で、多品種の物品を多数扱うことができる。
【0010】
なお図7,図8に示すように、入庫側の昇降棚と出庫側の昇降棚との間に、中間の昇降棚を設けて、これら3者のコンベヤを互いに接続しても良い。
【0011】
【実施例】
図1〜図6,図10,図11に、実施例の基礎となる自動倉庫2を示し、図7,図8に実施例の自動倉庫62を示し、図9に参考例の自動倉庫82を示す。これらの図において、2は自動倉庫で、4は入庫側の昇降棚、6は出庫側の昇降棚で、昇降棚4,6の間には通常の固定棚8を設ける。なお昇降棚4,6,並びに固定棚8の配置は、図7〜図9に示すように、種々に変更できる。10はスタッカークレーンで、移載手段の例であり、移載手段は昇降棚4の任意の位置から昇降棚6の任意の位置へと物品を移載できるものであればよい。
【0012】
12は入庫用の長距離コンベヤ、14は出庫用の長距離コンベヤで、16は入庫用のサブコンベヤ、18は出庫用のサブコンベヤである。入庫用の長距離コンベヤ12と入庫用のサブコンベヤ16との間には、ソータ20などを設けて、所定の物品を、長距離コンベヤ12からサブコンベヤ16へ移し替えれるようにする。22はバーコードリーダで、長距離コンベヤ12上の物品のバーコードなどのIDを読み取ることにより、物品を同定する。24は制御部で、図示しない上位コントローラなどに接続され、バーコードリーダ22からの信号と、上位コントローラからの指令とにより、ソータ20を動作させて、所定の物品を昇降棚4へと入庫させる。また上位コントローラからの指令により、スタッカークレーン10を動作させて、入庫側の昇降棚4から出庫側の昇降棚6へと物品を移載し、出庫側の昇降棚6からサブコンベヤ18を介して、長距離コンベヤ14へと物品を出庫させる。
【0013】
図2,図3に、入庫側の昇降棚4の構成を示すが、出庫側の昇降棚6も同じ構成である。25は昇降棚4のフレームで、複数の昇降枠26がチェーン27などの吊持材により、昇降自在に吊持されている。昇降枠26は例えば長方形の枠で構成され、ローラコンベヤなどのコンベヤ28が昇降枠26の枠内に収まるように、昇降棚4の下部に設置され、昇降枠26はコンベヤ28の搬送面を上下に昇降自在である。そして図3の左側に示すように、昇降枠26が下降すると、コンベヤ28の搬送面よりも下側に昇降枠26が積み重ねられる。チェーン27は昇降モータ30により駆動され、チェーン27の他端には図示しないカウンタウエイトなどを取り付けておく。そして昇降枠26を全数上昇させた姿を図3の右側に示す。なお昇降枠26には図示しないガイドローラなどを設けて、フレーム25に沿って昇降枠26が図2の左右方向にぶれないようにすることが好ましい。昇降棚4,6の収容能力は任意であるが、例えば物品をケース単位で扱うものとして、コンベヤ28や昇降枠26に5〜15ケース程度の物品を載置でき、かつ昇降枠26を1棚当たり5〜10棚程度設けることが好ましい。
【0014】
実施例では、昇降棚4,6を入庫側バッファや出庫側バッファの例として用いるが、10個程度の物品を載置できるコンベヤを、例えばスタッカークレーン10の走行路の左右に各上下5段に配置すると、合計100物品を載置できる入庫側バッファとなる。出庫側バッファも同様に構成すると、昇降棚4,6を用いなくても、入庫側バッファと出庫側バッファとを構成できる。
【0015】
図3の32は昇降台で、34はスライドフォークで、36はすくい上げ部材で、物品を例えば底面からすくい上げる。また38,40はスタッカークレーン10の上下の台車である。すくい上げ部材36の動作を、図4〜図6を参照して説明する。スライドフォーク34は通常の3段のスライドフォークで、固定の第1フォーク44と、第2フォーク45と、第3フォーク46とで構成されている。すくい上げ部材36は、横移動部材42により、第3フォーク46に対して横方向に移動できる。ここで横方向とは、昇降棚4,6の長手方向であり、スライドフォーク34の前後進方向に対する横方向である。
【0016】
昇降枠26や固定棚8などから、ケースなどの物品50をピックアップする場合、図6の(1)に示すように、第3フォーク46を昇降枠26上へ前進させる。次いで(2)に示すように、昇降枠26内で第3フォーク46を微下降させ、(3)に示すように、横移動部材42によりすくい上げ部材36を物品50の底面の下部へと横移動させる。次いで、第3フォーク46を上昇させ、スライドフォークをスタッカークレーンの昇降台へと後退させると、物品の移載ができる。
【0017】
実施例のフライドフォーク34と通常のスライドフォークとの違いは、昇降枠26のスライドフォーク側が枠の部材でブロックされているので、すくい上げ部材36を取り付けて、横移動部材42により横移動させるようにした点である。そしてすくい上げ部材36の運動の自由度は、前後進と上下動、並びに横移動の3種類である。なおスライドフォークに代えてスカラアームなどを用いてもよい。また昇降枠26のスライドフォーク側に、スライドフォークの進入を許容する凹部を形成した場合、通常のスライドフォークを用いて、凹部の上部を通過させることにより、物品50を移載できる。また昇降枠26を、スライドフォーク側に櫛の歯が突出する片持ちの櫛の歯状に構成して、各櫛の歯がコンベヤのローラとローラとの間を通過するように構成すると、櫛の歯状のスライドフォークで物品50を移載できる。
【0018】
図7,図8に変形例の自動倉庫62を示すと、昇降棚4,6の間に別の昇降棚64を配置する。なお昇降棚64はスタッカークレーンの走行路の両側に配置し、昇降棚4のコンベヤと昇降棚64のコンベヤ、並びに昇降棚6のコンベヤを互いに接続して、例えば昇降棚4のコンベヤ上の物品を昇降棚64,昇降棚6を介して、図示しない出庫用のサブコンベヤに出庫できるようにする。このため昇降棚64は、入庫直後で出庫用に仕分けしていない物品の他にも、出庫用に仕分け済みの物品の保管にも用いることができる。同様に入庫側の昇降棚4も、仕分け前の物品の保管のみでなく、仕分け後の物品の保管にも用いることができる。昇降棚4,6,64の高さを余りに大きくすると、大きな昇降モータが必要になる。そこで昇降棚4,6,64の上部に固定棚66を設け、端数などのため出庫されずに残った物品や、取扱数量が少ない物品などの保管に用いる。
【0019】
図7,図8の自動倉庫62を動作させる場合、例えば昇降棚4,4分の物品を入庫用のサブコンベヤ16から入庫し、スタッカークレーン10を用いて、例えば昇降棚6,6などに仕分けして、例えば出荷先毎に1つの昇降枠を割り当て、物品を昇降棚4から昇降棚6へと移し替える。昇降棚4に仕分けされずに残った物品などは、例えば昇降棚4の最も上部の昇降枠に移し替える、あるいは固定棚66などに移し替えるようにして、次の物品を昇降棚4へ入庫自在にする。そして昇降棚4に次の物品を入庫し、これらの物品を中間の昇降棚64などに仕分けして移し替える。再度物品を昇降棚4へ入庫し、この時昇降棚4の下部の昇降枠には物品を入庫しないようにしておく。そして昇降棚4の上部の昇降枠から下部の昇降枠へと物品を仕分けしながら移し替え、昇降棚4内の物品も出庫用に仕分けする。これらの過程で、昇降棚4内に仕分けされずに残った物品は固定棚66などに移し替える。固定棚66の物品は、次回の仕分けなどに利用できる。
【0020】
このようにして3種類の昇降棚6,64,4に出庫用の物品の仕分けが行われると、順次物品を出庫する。この場合、昇降棚64や昇降棚4の物品は、そのコンベヤへ物品を移し替え、昇降棚6,64,4のコンベヤを接続して、物品を出庫する。このようにすると、例えば夜間ないし昼間に大量の物品を仕分けし、夕刻などにまとめて出荷する場合に便利である。ここでの要点は、複数の昇降棚をそれらのコンベヤで接続し、複数の昇降棚に仕分けして載置した物品を、スタッカークレーン10を介さずに出庫できるようにする点にある。そしてこのようにすると、入庫側の昇降棚も出庫側の昇降棚も、仕分け済みの物品の保管に用いることができる。
【0021】
図9に参考例の自動倉庫82を示す。この自動倉庫82では、入庫側の昇降棚4と出庫側の昇降棚6とを例えば対面させて配置し、これらをサブコンベヤ16,18を介して共通の長距離コンベヤ84に接続する。そして固定棚8を、入出庫用のサブコンベヤ16,18と反対側に配置、もしくは昇降棚4,6の上側に配置する。このようにすると、昇降棚4から昇降棚6へ物品を移し替える際に、スタッカークレーン10の走行距離が短くなるので、仕分け速度が向上する。またスタッカークレーン10のような走行型の移載手段以外のものも使用可能になり、例えば図9の固定棚8の右端と昇降棚4,6の左端の間を水平動できると共に、棚4,6,8の高さ分を上下動できる移載手段であればよい。
【0022】
なお図9の自動倉庫82で、サブコンベヤ16の搬送方向を逆転自在にすると、昇降棚4に入庫した物品を昇降棚6へ仕分けし、次いで再度昇降棚4に物品を入庫し、これを昇降棚4の内部で仕分けして、出庫されずに残る物品は固定棚8などに保管することができる。このようにすると、昇降棚4,6を共に出庫用のバッファに用いることができる。
【0023】
図10に、実施例の基礎となる自動倉庫2の運用アルゴリズムを示す。以下の説明では、図1〜図6での符号を用いて部材を特定する。入庫時には入庫側の昇降棚4のコンベヤへ物品を搬入し、その昇降枠へ物品を移し替え、この作業を入庫を完了するまで繰り返す。スタッカークレーンの動作は、入庫側の昇降棚から出庫側の昇降棚へと物品を移載することである。この場合、入庫側の昇降棚から物品をピックアップする位置、並びに出庫側の昇降棚に物品を荷下ろしする位置は、制御部などから物品毎に指定されるものとする。なお各昇降枠は原則として1つの出庫先に対応し、出庫予定の物品の仕分けを完了すると、出庫準備が完了する。
【0024】
出庫側の昇降棚では昇降枠を下降させ、コンベヤへ物品を移し替え、コンベヤから出庫用のサブコンベヤ18へと物品を搬出する。入庫側の昇降棚に物品が残っている場合、その枠より上の昇降枠は、コンベヤの下側へと下降させることができない。そこで残った物品があれば、固定棚8などへ物品を移載する。固定棚8がない場合、入庫側の昇降棚4の最上段、あるいは出庫側の昇降棚6の最上段などを物品の一時保管に用い、この部分に物品を移し替える。
【0025】
図10での、入庫側の昇降棚4の動作、スタッカークレーン10の動作、出庫側の昇降棚6の動作、並びに残物品の処理は、各々平行して行い得る処理である。また実施例では仕分け済みの物品を保管する能力は昇降棚6の能力で定まる。しかしながら昇降棚6から長距離コンベヤ14などへ物品を出庫し、適宜にパレタイズして自動倉庫や平置き倉庫などに保管し、トラックの到着を待つようにすれば、仕分け済み物品の一時保管の能力を増すことができる。この場合、昇降棚4に次々と物品を入庫し、昇降棚6から仕分け済みの物品を次々と出庫すると、スタッカークレーン10の仕分け能力の上限まで物品を仕分けすることができる。
【0026】
図11に、実施例の基礎となる自動倉庫2を用いた大規模な自動倉庫システム90を示す。91はパレット自動倉庫で、仕分け前の物品をパレット単位で保管すると共に、仕分け済みの物品をパレタイザー95でパレタイズして、出荷時まで再保管する。92は電動台車システムで、パレット自動倉庫91とデパレタイザー93,パレタイザー95,出荷コンベヤ96,97を接続する。デパレタイザー93と複数の自動倉庫2、並びにパレタイザー95を、長距離コンベヤ94により接続する。この長距離コンベヤ94は、図1での長距離コンベヤ12,14を合体し、これらを互いに接続したものである。
【0027】
図11の自動倉庫システム90では、物品はパレット単位で入庫し、パレット自動倉庫91に保管される。保管されたパレットをデパレタイザー93でデパレタイズし、自動倉庫2に物品を搬入して仕分けを行い、パレタイザー95で再度パレタイズする。パレタイズ済みの物品をパレット自動倉庫91などに再保管し、これ以外にトラックヤードの付近の平置き倉庫などにも保管し、出荷する。
【0028】
実施例の能力について検討する。例えば主な扱い品目が20品目で、これ以外に補助的な品目が30品目あるとする。入庫側の昇降棚4,4に各々10枠ずつの昇降枠を設けると、20品目に対して各1つの昇降枠を割り当てることができる。扱い数量の少ない30品目は、例えば固定棚8に保管する。
【0029】
出庫側の昇降棚6,6にも同様に合計で20枠の昇降枠があるとすると、各昇降枠を1つの出荷先に割り当てて、最大20の出荷先に対して同時に仕分け作業を行うことができる。仕分け作業の完了した昇降枠を下降させ、仕分け済みの物品を出庫する。同様に入庫側の昇降棚4で空になった昇降枠を下降させ、次の物品を入庫する。端数の生じた物品などは、固定棚8などに移し替えるとよい。
【0030】
スタッカークレーン10の作業は、入庫側の昇降棚から出庫側の昇降棚に物品を移し替えること、並びに入庫側の昇降棚に残った物品を移し替えることのみである。なお残物品は昇降棚6を介して出庫し、別途に保管するようにしてもよい。昇降棚4,6は各々複数個の物品を連続的に受け入れ、あるいは出庫することができるので、その入出庫能力は高い。昇降棚4,6のコンベヤと昇降枠間の移し替えの速度も充分に速い。このため、スタッカークレーン10の仕分け能力の上限まで、物品を仕分けることができる。例えばスタッカークレーン10は1分間に3ケースの仕分けができ、1日24時間中の16時間仕分けを実行できるとすると、1日当たり約3000ケースの仕分けができる。
【0031】
自動倉庫2,62,82は、1個の自動倉庫でも単独で仕分けを行うことができる。これを図11のように複数並列に配置すると、仕分け能力が更に高くなる。このため取り扱う品種の数よりも、取り扱う数量に応じて、自動倉庫2などを配置すればよい。このため取扱数量に応じて、自動倉庫システムの構成を柔軟に変更できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 実施例の基礎となる自動倉庫の平面図
【図2】 実施例で用いた昇降棚の部分切欠部付き平面図
【図3】 実施例の基礎となる自動倉庫の正面図
【図4】 実施例で用いたスタッカークレーンの昇降台の要部平面図
【図5】 図4の昇降台からスライドフォークを前進させた際の姿を示す平面図
【図6】 実施例でのスライドフォークの動作を示す図で、(1)はスライドフォークを前進させた際の姿を、(2)は(1)の状態からスライドフォークを微下降させた際の姿を、(3)は(2)の状態からスライドフォーク先端のすくい上げ部材を中心側に幅寄せした姿を示す
【図7】 実施例の自動倉庫のレイアウトを示す要部斜視図
【図8】 図7の自動倉庫のレイアウトを示す要部平面図で、上部の固定棚部分を除いて示す
【図9】 参考例の自動倉庫のレイアウトを示す要部平面図
【図10】 実施例の基礎となる自動倉庫での運用アルゴリズムを示すフローチャート
【図11】 実施例の基礎となる自動倉庫を用いた自動倉庫システムのレイアウトを示す平面図
【符号の説明】
2 自動倉庫
4,6 昇降棚
8 固定棚
10 スタッカークレーン
12,14 長距離コンベヤ
16,18 サブコンベヤ
20 ソータ
22 バーコードリーダ
24 制御部
25 フレーム
26 昇降枠
27 チェーン
28 コンベヤ
30 昇降モータ
32 昇降台
34 スライドフォーク
36 すくい上げ部材
38,40 台車
42 横移動部材
44 第1フォーク
45 第2フォーク
46 第3フォーク
50 物品
62,82 自動倉庫
64 昇降棚
66 固定棚
84 長距離コンベヤ
90 自動倉庫システム
91 パレット自動倉庫
92 電動台車システム
93 デパレタイザー
94 長距離コンベヤ
95 パレタイザー
96,97 出荷コンベヤ
[0001]
[Field of the Invention]
The present invention relates to an automatic warehouse having a sorting function and a sorting method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1]
JP, 2003-54716, A Patent documents 1 are indicating the sorting system using an elevator shelf. A number of elevating frames are provided on the elevating shelf so that the elevating frame can be moved up and down through the conveying surface of the roller conveyor having a fixed height. As the lift frame rises through the conveyor transport surface, it scoops up the articles on the conveyor and unloads the articles onto the conveyor as it passes down the conveyor transport surface. In the sorting system disclosed in Patent Document 1, articles are temporarily stocked from a long-distance conveyor for warehousing to a lifting frame of a lifting shelf, and the necessary quantity is unloaded onto the conveyor in the lifting shelf, to a long-distance conveyor for delivery. Take it out.
[0003]
The sorting system of Patent Document 1 requires a large number of lifting shelves. For example, if 10 items are handled, it is efficient to allocate a dedicated lifting shelf for each item, and if two items are allocated to one lifting shelf, these two items cannot be issued simultaneously. Next, since the period used for the unloading operation and the period used for the warehousing operation alternately occur in the lifting shelf, it is preferable to allocate two lifting shelf to one item. Then, 20 shelves are required for 10 items, and when the number of items is large, the required number of lift shelves is larger. In particular, even an article with a small amount of handling requires a lifting shelf for it, and there is a problem in sorting a wide variety of products one by one.
[0004]
[Problems of the Invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic warehouse and a sorting method in which not only the lifting shelf on the delivery side but also the lifting shelf on the receipt side can be used for sorting for delivery.
[0005]
[Structure of the invention]
In the automatic warehouse according to the present invention , at least a lifting shelf comprising a conveyor and a plurality of lifting frames that move up and down so as to pass up and down the transport surface of the conveyor and transfer articles to and from the conveyor is received. It is provided on the side and the exit side, and the elevator shelf conveyor on the entry side and the elevator shelf conveyor on the exit side are connected,
By installing a stacker crane that travels along the warehousing shelf and the unloading shelf, it is transferred to another lifting frame of the warehousing shelf and the warehousing shelf, thereby moving the warehousing shelf Assorted goods,
The goods on the lifting shelf on the shipping side are carried out by the conveyor on the lifting shelf on the shipping side,
The goods on the warehousing side lifting shelf are carried out by the warehousing side lifting shelf conveyor and the unloading side lifting shelf conveyor.
[0006]
Further, according to the sorting method in the automatic warehouse of the present invention, a lifting and lowering comprising a conveyor and a plurality of lifting frames that move up and down so as to pass up and down the transport surface of the conveyor and transfer articles to and from the conveyor. While providing shelves at least on the warehousing side and the warehousing side, and connecting the conveyor of the lifting shelf on the warehousing side and the conveyor of the lifting shelf on the warehousing side,
Provide a stacker crane that travels along the elevator shelf on the entry side and the elevator shelf on the exit side,
Sorting the articles on the warehousing side lifting shelf by transferring to the other lifting frame of the warehousing side lifting shelf by the stacker crane; and
A step of unloading the goods on the lifting side shelf by the conveyor of the lifting side shelf;
A step of unloading the articles on the warehousing / elevating shelf by the warehousing / elevating shelf conveyor and the unloading / elevating shelf conveyor is executed.
[0007]
Particularly preferably , a fixed shelf is provided in addition to the warehousing / elevating shelf and the warehousing / elevating shelf, and articles remaining on the warehousing / elevating shelf are carried into the stationary shelf by a stacker crane and stored. If an article remains in the lifting frame of the lifting shelf on the warehousing side, the lifting frame above it cannot be lowered and the article cannot be transferred from the conveyor. Therefore, it is convenient if the articles remaining on the lifting shelf on the warehousing side can be moved to the fixed shelf. Also, articles with a low delivery frequency may be stored on a fixed shelf, and the number of items that can be sorted can be further increased.
[0008]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
In the present invention, it carries the plurality of articles to lift shelf receipts side continuously, the articles from the lifting shelf goods receipt side by the stacker crane, removed sorting (sorting) of a command thus selectively elevating the unloading side Place it on the shelf and the appropriate position of the lifting shelf on the warehousing side. As a result, the goods received can be sorted and prepared for delivery. At the time of unloading, the goods on the lifting shelf on the unloading side are carried out by the conveyor, and the articles on the lifting shelf on the warehousing side are unloaded by the conveyor on the lifting shelf on the warehousing side and the conveyor on the lifting shelf on the unloading side. For this reason, the lifting shelf on the warehousing side can also be used as an article sorting destination.
[0009]
In this invention, the lifting shelf on the warehousing side and the lifting shelf on the unloading side are constituted by the conveyor and the lifting frame that passes up and down the transport surface of the conveyor, so the holding ability of the articles on the lifting shelf is that of the lifting frame. It is determined by the number of steps × the number of articles held per frame. Therefore, a large amount of articles can be held, and a large number of various kinds of articles can be handled in an automatic warehouse with a small floor area.
[0010]
In addition, as shown in FIG.7 , FIG.8 , you may provide an intermediate | middle raising / lowering shelf between the raising / lowering shelf on the warehousing side, and the raising / lowering shelf on the leaving side, and may connect these three-part conveyors mutually.
[0011]
【Example】
1 to 6, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 show the automatic warehouse 2 that is the basis of the embodiment, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show the automatic warehouse 62 of the embodiment, and FIG. 9 shows the automatic warehouse 82 of the reference example. Show. In these drawings, 2 is an automatic warehouse, 4 is a lifting shelf on the entry side, 6 is a lifting shelf on the delivery side, and a normal fixed shelf 8 is provided between the lifting shelves 4 and 6. The arrangement of the lifting shelves 4, 6 and the fixed shelf 8 can be variously changed as shown in FIGS. Reference numeral 10 denotes a stacker crane, which is an example of transfer means. The transfer means may be any means as long as it can transfer articles from an arbitrary position on the lifting shelf 4 to an arbitrary position on the lifting shelf 6.
[0012]
12 is a long-distance conveyor for entry, 14 is a long-distance conveyor for exit, 16 is a sub-conveyor for entry, and 18 is a sub-conveyor for exit. A sorter 20 or the like is provided between the long distance conveyor 12 for warehousing and the sub conveyor 16 for warehousing so that predetermined articles can be transferred from the long distance conveyor 12 to the sub conveyor 16. A bar code reader 22 identifies an item by reading an ID such as a bar code of the item on the long-distance conveyor 12. A control unit 24 is connected to a host controller (not shown) or the like, and operates the sorter 20 in accordance with a signal from the barcode reader 22 and a command from the host controller, and puts a predetermined article into the lift shelf 4. . Further, the stacker crane 10 is operated in accordance with a command from the host controller to transfer articles from the storage side lift shelf 4 to the output side lift shelf 6, and from the output side lift shelf 6 via the sub-conveyor 18. The article is delivered to the long distance conveyor 14.
[0013]
FIGS. 2 and 3 show the configuration of the warehousing side elevating shelf 4, and the shed side elevating shelf 6 has the same configuration. Reference numeral 25 denotes a frame of the elevating shelf 4, and a plurality of elevating frames 26 are suspended by a hoisting material such as a chain 27 so as to be movable up and down. The elevating frame 26 is formed of, for example, a rectangular frame, and is installed at the lower part of the elevating shelf 4 so that the conveyor 28 such as a roller conveyor can be accommodated in the frame of the elevating frame 26, and the elevating frame 26 moves the conveying surface of the conveyor 28 up and down. It can be raised and lowered freely. As shown on the left side of FIG. 3, when the elevating frame 26 is lowered, the elevating frame 26 is stacked below the conveying surface of the conveyor 28. The chain 27 is driven by a lifting motor 30 and a counterweight (not shown) is attached to the other end of the chain 27. And the figure which raised all the raising / lowering frames 26 is shown on the right side of FIG. In addition, it is preferable to provide a guide roller or the like (not shown) on the elevating frame 26 so that the elevating frame 26 does not move in the left-right direction in FIG. The storage capacity of the elevating shelves 4 and 6 is arbitrary. For example, assuming that articles are handled in units of cases, articles of about 5 to 15 cases can be placed on the conveyor 28 or the elevating frame 26, and the elevating frame 26 is one shelf. It is preferable to provide about 5 to 10 shelves.
[0014]
In the embodiment, the elevating shelves 4 and 6 are used as examples of the warehousing side buffer and the warehousing side buffer. However, for example, a conveyor on which about 10 articles can be placed is arranged on the left and right of the travel path of the stacker crane 10 in five upper and lower stages. When arranged, it becomes a warehousing side buffer capable of placing a total of 100 articles. If the delivery side buffer is configured in the same manner, the entry side buffer and the delivery side buffer can be configured without using the elevating shelves 4 and 6.
[0015]
In FIG. 3, 32 is a lifting platform, 34 is a slide fork, 36 is a scooping member, and scoops up articles from the bottom, for example. Reference numerals 38 and 40 denote upper and lower carts of the stacker crane 10. The operation of the scooping member 36 will be described with reference to FIGS. The slide fork 34 is a normal three-stage slide fork, and includes a fixed first fork 44, a second fork 45, and a third fork 46. The scooping member 36 can move laterally with respect to the third fork 46 by the lateral movement member 42. Here, the lateral direction is the longitudinal direction of the elevating shelves 4, 6 and is the lateral direction with respect to the forward / backward direction of the slide fork 34.
[0016]
When picking up an article 50 such as a case from the elevating frame 26, the fixed shelf 8, or the like, the third fork 46 is advanced onto the elevating frame 26 as shown in (1) of FIG. Next, as shown in (2), the third fork 46 is slightly lowered in the elevating frame 26, and as shown in (3), the scooping member 36 is moved laterally to the lower part of the bottom surface of the article 50 by the lateral movement member 42. Let Next, when the third fork 46 is raised and the slide fork is retracted to the lifting platform of the stacker crane, the article can be transferred.
[0017]
The difference between the fly fork 34 of the embodiment and the ordinary slide fork is that the slide fork side of the elevating frame 26 is blocked by the frame member, so that the scooping member 36 is attached and the lateral movement member 42 is moved laterally. This is the point. The scooping member 36 has three degrees of freedom of movement: forward and backward movement, up and down movement, and lateral movement. A scalar arm or the like may be used instead of the slide fork. Further, when a concave portion allowing the slide fork to enter is formed on the slide fork side of the lifting frame 26, the article 50 can be transferred by passing the upper portion of the concave portion using a normal slide fork. Further, when the elevating frame 26 is formed in a cantilevered comb shape in which the comb teeth project on the slide fork side, and each comb tooth passes between the rollers of the conveyor, The article 50 can be transferred with a toothed slide fork.
[0018]
7 and 8 show a modified automatic warehouse 62, another lift shelf 64 is disposed between the lift racks 4 and 6. FIG. The lifting racks 64 are arranged on both sides of the stacker crane traveling path, and the conveyor of the lifting rack 4 and the conveyor of the lifting rack 64 and the conveyor of the lifting rack 6 are connected to each other. It can be delivered to a delivery sub conveyor (not shown) via the lifting shelf 64 and the lifting shelf 6. For this reason, the elevating shelf 64 can be used not only for articles that have not been sorted immediately for entry but also for articles that have been sorted for delivery. Similarly, the warehousing side lifting shelf 4 can be used not only for storing articles before sorting but also for storing articles after sorting. If the height of the lifting racks 4, 6, 64 is too large, a large lifting motor is required. Therefore, a fixed shelf 66 is provided above the lifting shelves 4, 6 and 64, and is used for storing articles remaining without being delivered due to fractions, etc., and articles with a small handling quantity.
[0019]
When the automatic warehouse 62 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is operated, for example, articles for 4 and 4 elevating shelves are received from the sub-conveyor 16 for warehousing and sorted into elevating shelves 6 and 6 using the stacker crane 10, for example. For example, one lifting frame is assigned to each shipping destination, and the article is transferred from the lifting shelf 4 to the lifting shelf 6. Articles remaining without being sorted in the lifting shelf 4 can be transferred to the lifting shelf 4, for example, by moving to the uppermost lifting frame of the lifting shelf 4 or to the fixed shelf 66. To. Then, the next article is stored in the lifting shelf 4, and these articles are sorted and transferred to an intermediate lifting shelf 64 or the like. The article is again stored in the lifting shelf 4, and at this time, the article is not stored in the lifting frame below the lifting shelf 4. Then, the articles are transferred while sorting the articles from the upper and lower lifting frames of the lifting rack 4 to the lower lifting frames, and the articles in the lifting rack 4 are also sorted for delivery. In these processes, the articles remaining in the elevating shelf 4 without being sorted are transferred to the fixed shelf 66 or the like. The articles on the fixed shelf 66 can be used for the next sorting.
[0020]
When the goods for delivery are sorted into the three types of lifting shelves 6, 64, 4 in this way, the goods are sequentially delivered. In this case, the articles on the lifting rack 64 and the lifting rack 4 are transferred to the conveyor, connected to the conveyors of the lifting racks 6, 64, 4 and delivered. This is convenient when, for example, a large number of articles are sorted at night or during the day and shipped together in the evening. The main point here is that a plurality of elevator shelves are connected by their conveyors, and articles placed on the plurality of elevator shelves can be delivered without going through the stacker crane 10. In this way, both the warehousing shelf and the unloading shelf can be used for storing sorted articles.
[0021]
FIG. 9 shows an automatic warehouse 82 as a reference example . In this automatic warehouse 82, the storage side lift shelf 4 and the output side lift shelf 6 are arranged to face each other, for example, and these are connected to a common long-distance conveyor 84 via the sub conveyors 16 and 18. And the fixed shelf 8 is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the sub conveyors 16 and 18 for loading / unloading, or is arrange | positioned above the raising / lowering shelves 4 and 6. FIG. If it does in this way, when moving goods from the raising / lowering shelf 4 to the raising / lowering shelf 6, since the travel distance of the stacker crane 10 becomes short, a sorting speed will improve. Further, other than the traveling type transfer means such as the stacker crane 10 can be used. For example, it can move horizontally between the right end of the fixed shelf 8 and the left end of the elevating shelves 4 and 6 in FIG. Any transfer means that can move up and down by the height of 6,8 is acceptable.
[0022]
In the automatic warehouse 82 of FIG. 9, when the conveyance direction of the sub-conveyor 16 can be reversed, the articles stored in the lifting shelf 4 are sorted into the lifting shelf 6, and then the articles are stored in the lifting shelf 4 again. Articles that are sorted inside the shelf 4 and remain without being delivered can be stored in the fixed shelf 8 or the like. If it does in this way, both the raising / lowering shelves 4 and 6 can be used for the buffer for delivery.
[0023]
FIG. 10 shows an operation algorithm of the automatic warehouse 2 as a basis of the embodiment. In the following description, a member is specified using the reference numerals in FIGS. At the time of warehousing, the article is carried into the conveyor of the lifting shelf 4 on the warehousing side, the article is transferred to the lifting frame, and this operation is repeated until the warehousing is completed. The operation of the stacker crane is to transfer articles from the warehousing / elevating shelf to the unloading / elevating shelf. In this case, the position where the article is picked up from the warehousing side elevating shelf and the position where the article is unloaded onto the shed side elevating shelf are specified for each article from the control unit or the like. Note that each lifting frame basically corresponds to one shipping destination, and when the sorting of the items to be shipped is completed, the preparation for shipping is completed.
[0024]
In the lifting shelf on the unloading side, the lifting frame is lowered, the article is transferred to the conveyor, and the article is carried out from the conveyor to the unloading sub-conveyor 18. When articles remain on the warehousing side lifting shelf, the lifting frame above the frame cannot be lowered to the lower side of the conveyor. If there are any remaining articles, the articles are transferred to the fixed shelf 8 or the like. When there is no fixed shelf 8, the uppermost stage of the lifting shelf 4 on the warehousing side or the uppermost stage of the lifting shelf 6 on the outgoing side is used for temporary storage of the article, and the article is transferred to this part.
[0025]
In FIG. 10, the operation of the elevator shelf 4 on the warehousing side, the operation of the stacker crane 10, the operation of the elevator shelf 6 on the exit side, and the processing of the remaining articles are processes that can be performed in parallel. In the embodiment, the ability to store the sorted articles is determined by the ability of the lifting shelf 6. However, if goods are delivered from the lifting shelf 6 to the long-distance conveyor 14, etc., palletized as appropriate, stored in an automatic warehouse or a flat warehouse, and waiting for the arrival of the truck, the ability to temporarily store the sorted goods Can be increased. In this case, when articles are sequentially stored in the lift shelf 4 and sorted articles are discharged from the lift shelf 6 one after another, the articles can be sorted to the upper limit of the sorting capacity of the stacker crane 10.
[0026]
FIG. 11 shows a large-scale automatic warehouse system 90 using the automatic warehouse 2 as the basis of the embodiment. Reference numeral 91 denotes an automatic pallet warehouse that stores unsorted articles on a pallet basis, palletizes sorted articles by a palletizer 95, and stores them again until shipment. An electric cart system 92 connects the pallet automatic warehouse 91 to the depalletizer 93, the palletizer 95, and the shipping conveyors 96, 97. The depalletizer 93, the plurality of automatic warehouses 2, and the palletizer 95 are connected by a long distance conveyor 94. The long-distance conveyor 94 is a combination of the long-distance conveyors 12 and 14 in FIG. 1 and connected to each other.
[0027]
In the automatic warehouse system 90 of FIG. 11, goods are received in units of pallets and stored in the pallet automatic warehouse 91. The stored pallet is depalletized by the depalletizer 93, the articles are carried into the automatic warehouse 2 and sorted, and palletized by the palletizer 95 again. The palletized goods are stored again in the automatic pallet warehouse 91 or the like, and also stored in a flat warehouse near the truck yard and shipped.
[0028]
Consider the capabilities of the examples. For example, it is assumed that there are 20 main handling items and 30 auxiliary items. If ten lifting frames are provided on the lifting racks 4 and 4 on the warehousing side, one lifting frame can be assigned to each of 20 items. For example, 30 items with a small handling quantity are stored in the fixed shelf 8.
[0029]
Similarly, if there are 20 lifting frames in total on the shipping side lifting shelves 6 and 6, each lifting frame is assigned to one shipping destination, and sorting work is simultaneously performed for a maximum of 20 shipping destinations. Can do. The elevating frame that has been sorted is lowered and the sorted articles are delivered. Similarly, the elevating frame that has been emptied by the elevating shelf 4 on the warehousing side is lowered to receive the next article. It is preferable to transfer the fractional article to the fixed shelf 8 or the like.
[0030]
The work of the stacker crane 10 is only to transfer articles from the warehousing / elevating shelf to the unloading / elevating shelf and to transfer articles remaining on the warehousing / elevating shelf. The remaining articles may be delivered via the lifting shelf 6 and stored separately. Since each of the elevating shelves 4 and 6 can continuously receive or take out a plurality of articles, its loading / unloading capacity is high. The transfer speed between the conveyors of the lifting racks 4 and 6 and the lifting frame is also sufficiently high. For this reason, articles can be sorted up to the upper limit of the sorting ability of the stacker crane 10. For example, if the stacker crane 10 can sort 3 cases per minute and can perform sorting for 16 hours in 24 hours a day, it can sort about 3000 cases per day.
[0031]
The automatic warehouses 2, 62, and 82 can be sorted by a single automatic warehouse. If these are arranged in parallel as shown in FIG. 11, the sorting ability is further increased. For this reason, the automatic warehouse 2 or the like may be arranged according to the quantity handled rather than the number of varieties handled. Therefore, the configuration of the automatic warehouse system can be flexibly changed according to the handling quantity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Plan view of the automatic warehouse that is the basis of the embodiment [Fig. 2] Plan view of the lifting shelf used in the embodiment with a partial cutout [Fig. 3] Front view of the automatic warehouse that is the basis of the embodiment [Fig. 4] Plan view of the main part of the lifting platform of the stacker crane used in the embodiment [Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the appearance when the sliding fork is advanced from the lifting platform of Fig. 4 [Fig. 6] The slide fork in the embodiment (1) is the figure when the slide fork is advanced, (2) is the figure when the slide fork is slightly lowered from the state of (1), and (3) is (2). It shows the layout of the automated warehouse of the slide main part perspective view showing a layout of an automatic warehouse Figure 7 embodiment shown the width asked the figure fork scooping member tip on the center side [8] Figure 7 from the state of) in fragmentary plan view, showing the exception of the fixed shelf portion of the upper 9 Leia automatic warehouse of reference example Fragmentary plan view showing the door Figure 10 is a plan view showing a layout of an automatic warehouse system using automatic warehouse underlying flowchart 11 example that illustrates the operation algorithm of an automatic warehouse underlying the Example [Explanation of symbols]
2 Automatic warehouse 4, 6 Lift shelf 8 Fixed shelf 10 Stacker crane 12, 14 Long distance conveyor 16, 18 Sub conveyor 20 Sorter 22 Bar code reader 24 Control unit 25 Frame 26 Lift frame 27 Chain 28 Conveyor 30 Lift motor 32 Lift platform 34 Slide fork 36 Scooping member 38, 40 Dolly 42 Horizontally moving member 44 First fork 45 Second fork 46 Third fork 50 Article 62, 82 Automatic warehouse 64 Lift shelf 66 Fixed shelf 84 Long distance conveyor 90 Automatic warehouse system 91 Pallet automatic warehouse 92 Electric cart system 93 Depalletizer 94 Long-distance conveyor 95 Palletizer 96, 97 Shipping conveyor

Claims (2)

コンベヤと、該コンベヤの搬送面を上下に通過するように昇降して、該コンベヤとの間で物品を移し替える複数の昇降枠、とからなる昇降棚を、少なくとも入庫側と出庫側とに設けて、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとを接続すると共に、
入庫側の昇降棚及び出庫側の昇降棚に沿って走行するスタッカークレーンを設けて、出庫側の昇降棚及び入庫側の昇降棚の他の昇降枠に移載することにより、入庫側の昇降棚の物品を仕分け、
出庫側の昇降棚の物品を出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤにより搬出すると共に、
入庫側の昇降棚の物品を、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとにより搬出するように構成した、自動倉庫。
Elevating shelves comprising a conveyor and a plurality of elevating frames that move up and down so as to pass up and down the transport surface of the conveyor and transfer articles to and from the conveyor are provided at least on the warehousing side and the unloading side And connecting the conveyor of the lifting shelf on the warehousing side and the conveyor of the lifting shelf on the unloading side,
By installing a stacker crane that travels along the warehousing shelf and the unloading shelf, it is transferred to another lifting frame of the warehousing shelf and the warehousing shelf, thereby moving the warehousing shelf Assorted goods,
The goods on the lifting shelf on the shipping side are carried out by the conveyor on the lifting shelf on the shipping side,
An automatic warehouse configured to carry out the goods on the warehousing side lifting shelf by means of the warehousing side lifting shelf conveyor and the unloading side lifting shelf conveyor .
コンベヤと、該コンベヤの搬送面を上下に通過するように昇降して、該コンベヤとの間で物品を移し替える複数の昇降枠、とからなる昇降棚を、少なくとも入庫側と出庫側とに設けて、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとを接続すると共に、Elevating shelves comprising a conveyor and a plurality of elevating frames that move up and down so as to pass up and down the transport surface of the conveyor and transfer articles to and from the conveyor are provided at least on the warehousing side and the unloading side And connecting the conveyor of the lifting shelf on the warehousing side and the conveyor of the lifting shelf on the unloading side,
入庫側の昇降棚及び出庫側の昇降棚に沿って走行するスタッカークレーンを設け、  Provide a stacker crane that travels along the elevator shelf on the entry side and the elevator shelf on the exit side,
前記スタッカークレーンにより、出庫側の昇降棚及び入庫側の昇降棚の他の昇降枠に移載することにより、入庫側の昇降棚の物品を仕分けるステップと、  Sorting the articles on the warehousing side lifting shelf by transferring to the other lifting frame of the warehousing side lifting shelf by the stacker crane; and
出庫側の昇降棚の物品を出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤにより搬出するステップと、  A step of unloading the goods on the lifting side shelf by the conveyor of the lifting side shelf;
入庫側の昇降棚の物品を、入庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤと出庫側の昇降棚のコンベヤとにより搬出するステップとを実行する、自動倉庫での仕分け方法。  The sorting method in an automatic warehouse which performs the step which carries out the step which carries out the goods of the elevator shelf on the warehousing side by the conveyor of the elevator shelf on the warehousing side, and the conveyor of the elevator shelf on the warehousing side.
JP2003161839A 2003-06-06 2003-06-06 Automatic warehouse and sorting method in automatic warehouse Expired - Fee Related JP4314512B2 (en)

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