JP4298529B2 - Fixed type constant velocity universal joint - Google Patents

Fixed type constant velocity universal joint Download PDF

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JP4298529B2
JP4298529B2 JP2004021799A JP2004021799A JP4298529B2 JP 4298529 B2 JP4298529 B2 JP 4298529B2 JP 2004021799 A JP2004021799 A JP 2004021799A JP 2004021799 A JP2004021799 A JP 2004021799A JP 4298529 B2 JP4298529 B2 JP 4298529B2
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constant velocity
universal joint
velocity universal
pressing
fixed type
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JP2005214298A (en
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健太 山崎
実 石島
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NTN Corp
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Description

本発明は固定型等速自在継手に関し、詳しくは、自動車のステアリング装置に組み込まれる固定型等速自在継手に関する。   The present invention relates to a fixed type constant velocity universal joint, and more particularly to a fixed type constant velocity universal joint incorporated in a steering device of an automobile.

等速自在継手は、入出力軸間の角度変位のみを許容する固定型と、角度変位および軸方向変位を許容する摺動型に大別され、それぞれ用途・使用条件等に応じて機種選定される。固定型等速自在継手としては、ツェッパ型(以下、「BJ」と称す)やアンダーカットフリー型(以下、「UJ」と称す)が広く知られている。   Constant velocity universal joints are broadly classified into fixed types that allow only angular displacement between the input and output shafts, and sliding types that allow angular displacement and axial displacement. Each model is selected according to the application and usage conditions. The As a fixed type constant velocity universal joint, a Rzeppa type (hereinafter referred to as “BJ”) and an undercut free type (hereinafter referred to as “UJ”) are widely known.

BJおよびUJのいずれも、内周に複数の曲線状のトラック溝を有する外輪と、外周に複数の曲線状のトラック溝を有する内輪と、外輪のトラック溝と内輪のトラック溝との間に組み込まれたボールと、そのボールを保持する保持器とで構成される。外輪のトラック溝中心は外輪内球面中心に対して外輪開口側、また、内輪のトラック溝中心は内輪外球面中心に対して外輪奥側に位置し、軸方向で互いに逆方向に等距離だけオフセットしている。これにより、外輪のトラック溝と内輪のトラック溝とで構成されるボールトラックは、外輪の開口側に向けて拡開する楔形となっている。BJでは各トラック溝の全域が曲線状になっているが、UJでは各トラック溝の一方の端部が軸線と平行なストレート状になっている。   Both BJ and UJ are incorporated between an outer ring having a plurality of curved track grooves on the inner periphery, an inner ring having a plurality of curved track grooves on the outer periphery, and a track groove of the outer ring and a track groove of the inner ring. And a cage for holding the ball. The outer ring track groove center is located on the outer ring opening side with respect to the outer ring inner spherical center, and the inner ring track groove center is located on the outer ring rear side with respect to the inner ring outer spherical center, and is offset by an equal distance in the opposite direction in the axial direction. is doing. Thereby, the ball track constituted by the track groove of the outer ring and the track groove of the inner ring has a wedge shape that expands toward the opening side of the outer ring. In BJ, the entire area of each track groove is curved, whereas in UJ, one end of each track groove is in a straight shape parallel to the axis.

一般的に自動車のステアリング装置に組み込まれる軸継手にはカルダンジョイントを2個以上使用している。このジョイントは、単体では不等速なことから、等速性を確保するために互いの変動成分を打ち消し合うよう配置し使用している。このため車両の設計自由度が損なわれるという問題がある。任意の角度で等速性が確保できる等速自在継手をステアリング用軸継手として用いることで、車両の設計自由度が増すことは可能であるが、等速自在継手は回転方向ガタが大きいため、車両直進付近のステアリング操作感の悪化や、異音の原因となることが懸念される。これを解決するため、等速自在継手内部に予圧手段を設けてトラック溝すきまを詰めることを提案している(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Generally, two or more cardan joints are used for a shaft joint incorporated in an automobile steering device. Since this joint is not uniform at a single unit, it is arranged and used so as to cancel each other's fluctuation components in order to ensure constant velocity. For this reason, there exists a problem that the design freedom of a vehicle is impaired. By using a constant velocity universal joint that can ensure constant velocity at an arbitrary angle as a steering shaft joint, it is possible to increase the design freedom of the vehicle, but the constant velocity universal joint has a large amount of play in the rotation direction, There is a concern that the steering operation feeling near the vehicle will be deteriorated and abnormal noise may be caused. In order to solve this, it has been proposed to provide a preload means inside the constant velocity universal joint to close the track groove clearance (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

固定型等速自在継手には機能及び加工面から、外輪のトラック溝と内輪のトラック溝間にはボールを介してすきまがあり、また、外輪の内球面と保持器の外球面、内輪の外球面と保持器の内球面にもすきまが存在する。これらすきまは、継手の中立状態で内輪または外輪のどちらか一方を固定して他方をラジアル方向またはアキシャル方向に移動させたときの移動量をいい、移動させる方向によって、ラジアルすきま、アキシャルすきまのように呼ばれる。これらすきまは、内・外輪間の円周方向のガタツキ(回転バックラッシュ)に大きく影響を与え、特にトラック溝すきまが大きい程回転バックラッシュも大きくなる。このため、一定以上の回転バックラッシュは避けられないことから、この種の固定型等速自在継手は、例えば自動車のステアリング装置のように回転バックラッシュを嫌う用途には一般採用されるには至っていない。
特開2003−130082号公報
The fixed type constant velocity universal joint has a gap between the outer ring track groove and the inner ring track groove due to the function and machining surface, and the inner ring outer sphere, cage outer sphere, outer ring outer ring There is also a gap between the spherical surface and the inner spherical surface of the cage. These clearances refer to the amount of movement when either the inner ring or outer ring is fixed and the other is moved in the radial or axial direction in the neutral state of the joint. Depending on the direction of movement, radial clearance, axial clearance, etc. Called. These clearances greatly affect the circumferential play (rotational backlash) between the inner and outer rings, and the larger the track groove clearance, the greater the rotational backlash. For this reason, it is unavoidable that the rotation backlash exceeds a certain level. Therefore, this type of fixed type constant velocity universal joint is generally adopted for applications that do not like the rotation backlash, such as an automobile steering device. Not in.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-130082

ところで、前述の特許文献1に記載された発明は、回転バックラッシュを詰めることを目的にした固定型等速自在継手であり、等速自在継手内部に予圧手段を設けてトラック溝すきまを詰めるようにしている。この特許文献1には、弾性的な押圧力を軸方向に作用させる押圧部を内方部材側に設けると共に、その押圧部からの押圧力を受ける受け部を保持器側に設けた予圧手段が開示されている。なお、以下で付する符号は、特許文献1中で記載されているものである。   By the way, the invention described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is a fixed type constant velocity universal joint for the purpose of filling rotary backlash, and a preload means is provided inside the constant velocity universal joint so as to close the track groove clearance. I have to. In this Patent Document 1, there is provided a preloading means in which a pressing portion for applying an elastic pressing force in the axial direction is provided on the inner member side, and a receiving portion for receiving the pressing force from the pressing portion is provided on the cage side. It is disclosed. In addition, the code | symbol attached | subjected below is described in patent document 1. FIG.

その予圧手段の一形態として、内方部材を構成する内輪2の内周に結合されたシャフト5の軸端に円筒状の収容部材17が埋め込まれており、この収容部材17の内部に押圧部材10および弾性部材12が収容されている。押圧部材10の頭部の端面は凸球面状に形成され、この凸球面部分が弾性的な押圧力を軸方向に作用させる押圧部11として機能する。一方、保持器4の端部には、シャフト5と対向する凹球面状の球面部14aを有する受け部材14が取り付けられ、この受け部材14の凹球面部分が押圧部11からの押圧力を受ける受け部15として機能する(特許文献1の段落番号[0033]および図5参照)。   As one form of the preloading means, a cylindrical housing member 17 is embedded at the shaft end of the shaft 5 coupled to the inner periphery of the inner ring 2 constituting the inner member, and a pressing member is provided inside the housing member 17. 10 and the elastic member 12 are accommodated. The end face of the head portion of the pressing member 10 is formed in a convex spherical shape, and this convex spherical portion functions as the pressing portion 11 that applies an elastic pressing force in the axial direction. On the other hand, a receiving member 14 having a concave spherical surface portion 14 a facing the shaft 5 is attached to the end portion of the cage 4, and the concave spherical portion of the receiving member 14 receives the pressing force from the pressing portion 11. It functions as a receiving portion 15 (see paragraph number [0033] of FIG. 5 and Patent Document 1).

前述の特許文献1では、円筒状の収容部材17を、シャフト5の軸端に形成された凹陥部に挿入することにより埋め込む構造を具備し、押圧部材10の頭部を受け部材14の球面部14aに当接させることにより、回転バックラッシュを防止するようにしている。しかしながら、シャフト5の軸端に凹陥部を形成する場合、凹陥部の加工公差によりその深さにバラツキが生じることから、その凹陥部に収容部材17を埋め込むと、シャフト5の軸端面から押圧部材10の頭部の突出長にバラツキが発生する。このようなバラツキがあると、押圧部材10の頭部と受け部材14の球面部14aの当接状態が定まらず、弾性部材12による弾性力が作用しない場合が生じて回転バックラッシュを確実に防止することが困難になることが考えられる。   In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the cylindrical housing member 17 is embedded in a recessed portion formed at the shaft end of the shaft 5, and the head portion of the pressing member 10 is a spherical portion of the receiving member 14. 14a is prevented from rotating backlash. However, when the recess is formed at the shaft end of the shaft 5, the depth varies due to the processing tolerance of the recess. Therefore, when the housing member 17 is embedded in the recess, the pressing member is pressed from the shaft end surface of the shaft 5. Variation occurs in the protruding length of the head of the ten. If there is such a variation, the contact state between the head portion of the pressing member 10 and the spherical surface portion 14a of the receiving member 14 is not fixed, and there is a case where the elastic force by the elastic member 12 does not act, thereby reliably preventing rotational backlash. It can be difficult to do.

そこで、本発明は前述の問題点に鑑みて提案されたもので、その目的とするところは、特許文献1に開示された押圧部および受け部からなる予圧手段の構造を改善し、押圧部の取り付け状態を安定化させて適正な予圧を確実に付与し得るようにした固定型等速自在継手を提供することにある。   Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to improve the structure of the preload means including the pressing portion and the receiving portion disclosed in Patent Document 1, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a fixed type constant velocity universal joint that can stabilize an attachment state and reliably apply an appropriate preload.

前述の目的を達成するための技術的手段として、本発明は、複数のトラック溝が形成された球状内面を備えた外方部材と、複数のトラック溝が形成された球状外面を備えた内方部材と、外方部材のトラック溝と内方部材のトラック溝の協働で形成された楔形のボールトラックに配置したボールと、外方部材の球状内面と内方部材の球状外面との間に配置され、ボールを保持する保持器とを備え、弾性的な押圧力を軸方向に作用させる押圧部を前記内方部材側に、かつ、押圧部からの押圧力を受ける受け部を保持器側に設けた予圧手段を有する固定型等速自在継手において、前記押圧部が先端に形成されたプランジャユニットを、内方部材側に形成された凹陥部に組み付け、前記プランジャユニットのフランジを内方部材側の端面に係合させることにより、内方部材側の端面を基準として位置決め固定したことを特徴とする。 As technical means for achieving the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an outer member having a spherical inner surface in which a plurality of track grooves are formed, and an inner member having a spherical outer surface in which a plurality of track grooves are formed. A member, a ball disposed on a wedge-shaped ball track formed by cooperation of a track groove of the outer member and a track groove of the inner member, and a spherical inner surface of the outer member and a spherical outer surface of the inner member. And a retainer for holding the ball, the pressing portion for applying an elastic pressing force in the axial direction on the inner member side, and the receiving portion for receiving the pressing force from the pressing portion on the cage side In the fixed type constant velocity universal joint having preload means provided on the plunger unit, the plunger unit having the pressing portion formed at the tip thereof is assembled to the recessed portion formed on the inner member side, and the flange of the plunger unit is connected to the inner member. Engage with the end face And by, characterized by being positioned and fixed relative to the end face of the inner member side.

本発明の固定型等速自在継手では、押圧部が先端に形成されたプランジャユニットを、内方部材側に形成された凹陥部に圧入または接着などにより組み付けるに際して、プランジャユニットを内方部材側の端面を基準として位置決め固定する。これにより、前述した凹陥部の加工公差によりその深さにバラツキがあっても、押圧部の取り付け状態を安定化させてその押圧部と受け部の当接状態を常に一定にすることができるので、押圧部からの弾性部材による弾性力を受け部に確実に作用させることができる。   In the fixed type constant velocity universal joint according to the present invention, when the plunger unit having the pressing portion formed at the tip thereof is assembled into the recessed portion formed on the inner member side by press-fitting or bonding, the plunger unit is disposed on the inner member side. Position and fix with reference to the end face. As a result, even if there is variation in the depth due to the processing tolerance of the concave portion described above, the mounting state of the pressing portion can be stabilized and the contact state between the pressing portion and the receiving portion can be made constant at all times. The elastic force by the elastic member from the pressing part can be reliably applied to the part.

前述の構成におけるプランジャユニットは、押圧部を先端に有する押圧部材と、その押圧部材を前記受け部側に弾性的に付勢する弾性部材と、前記押圧部材および弾性部材を収容する有底筒状の収容部材とからなり、前記収容部材の開口端に、押圧部材の外径より小さい内径を有する係止部を設けたアッセンブリ体とすることが望ましい。このように収容部材の開口端に押圧部材の係止部を設ければ、その押圧部材が収容部材から抜脱することを防止でき、また、押圧部材、弾性部材および収容部材からなるアッセンブリ体としてユニット化することができる。   The plunger unit in the configuration described above has a pressing member having a pressing portion at the tip, an elastic member that elastically biases the pressing member toward the receiving portion, and a bottomed cylindrical shape that houses the pressing member and the elastic member. It is desirable that the assembly body be an assembly body in which a locking portion having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the pressing member is provided at the opening end of the housing member. Thus, if the latching | locking part of a press member is provided in the opening end of a storage member, it can prevent that the press member pulls out from a storage member, Moreover, as an assembly body which consists of a press member, an elastic member, and a storage member Can be unitized.

なお、前述の係止部は、収容部材の開口端の円周方向に沿う全部または一部を加締めることや、収容部材とは別の部材をその収容部材の開口端に接合することにより形成することが可能である。このようにすれば、押圧部材の抜脱防止構造を簡易な構成で実現することができる。   The aforementioned locking portion is formed by caulking all or part of the opening end of the housing member along the circumferential direction, or by joining a member different from the housing member to the opening end of the housing member. Is possible. In this way, the structure for preventing the pressing member from being pulled out can be realized with a simple configuration.

以上で説明した固定型等速自在継手は、自動車のステアリング装置に組み込めば、等速自在継手内のトラック溝すきまを詰めて回転バックラッシュを防止する上で、より一層顕著な効果を発揮する。自動車のステアリング装置は、モータによる操舵補助力を付与するようにした電動パワーステアリング装置であってもよいし、油圧式のパワーステアリング装置であってもよい。   If the fixed type constant velocity universal joint described above is incorporated in a steering apparatus of an automobile, it will exhibit a more remarkable effect in preventing the rotation backlash by closing the track groove clearance in the constant velocity universal joint. The automobile steering apparatus may be an electric power steering apparatus that applies a steering assist force by a motor, or may be a hydraulic power steering apparatus.

本発明によれば、押圧部が先端に形成されたプランジャユニットを、内方部材側の端面を基準として位置決め固定したことにより、押圧部の取り付け状態を安定化させてその押圧部と受け部の当接状態を常に一定にすることができるので、押圧部からの弾性部材による弾性力を受け部に確実に作用させて予圧を確実に付与することができる。従って、等速自在継手内のトラック溝すきまを詰めて回転バックラッシュを確実に防止できるので、信頼性の高い固定型等速自在継手を提供できる。   According to the present invention, the plunger unit having the pressing portion formed at the tip thereof is positioned and fixed with reference to the end surface on the inner member side, so that the mounting state of the pressing portion is stabilized and the pressing portion and the receiving portion are Since the contact state can be made constant at all times, the preload can be reliably applied by reliably acting on the receiving portion of the elastic force from the pressing portion by the elastic member. Therefore, since the track groove clearance in the constant velocity universal joint can be filled and the rotation backlash can be reliably prevented, a highly reliable fixed type constant velocity universal joint can be provided.

本発明に係る固定型等速自在継手の実施形態を詳述する。以下の実施形態では、ステアリング用固定型等速自在継手の一種であるツェッパ型(BJ)に適用した場合を例示するが、本発明はこれに限定されることなく、アンダーカットフリー型(UJ)にも適用可能である。また、本発明の固定型等速自在継手は、ステアリング用に限らず、ドライブシャフト用あるいはプロペラシャフト用としても使用することが可能である。   An embodiment of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint according to the present invention will be described in detail. In the following embodiments, a case where the present invention is applied to a Rzeppa type (BJ) which is a kind of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint for steering is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an undercut free type (UJ) It is also applicable to. Further, the fixed type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention is not limited to steering, but can be used for a drive shaft or a propeller shaft.

まず、固定型等速自在継手が組み込まれるステアリング装置を簡単に説明する。ステアリング装置は、図13(a)〜(c)に示すようにステアリングホイール6の回転運動を、一または複数のステアリングシャフト2からなるステアリングコラムを介してステアリングギヤ8に伝達することにより、タイロッド9の往復運動に変換するようにしたものである。車載スペース等との兼ね合いでステアリングシャフト2を一直線に配置できない場合は、ステアリングシャフト2間に一または複数の軸継手1を配置し、ステアリングシャフト2を屈曲させた状態でもステアリングギヤ8に正確な回転運動を伝達できるようにしている。この軸継手1に固定型等速自在継手を使用する。図13(b)における符号αは継手の折り曲げ角度を表しており、折り曲げ角度αが30°を越える大角度も設定可能である。   First, a steering device incorporating a fixed type constant velocity universal joint will be briefly described. As shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C, the steering device transmits the rotational motion of the steering wheel 6 to the steering gear 8 through the steering column composed of one or a plurality of steering shafts 2, whereby the tie rod 9. It is made to convert into the reciprocating motion. If the steering shaft 2 cannot be arranged in a straight line in consideration of the vehicle-mounted space, etc., one or more shaft couplings 1 are arranged between the steering shafts 2 and the steering gear 8 can be rotated accurately even when the steering shaft 2 is bent. It is possible to transmit exercise. A fixed type constant velocity universal joint is used for the shaft joint 1. A symbol α in FIG. 13B represents a bending angle of the joint, and a large angle at which the bending angle α exceeds 30 ° can be set.

次に固定型等速自在継手について説明する。この実施形態の固定型等速自在継手1はツェッパ型ジョイント(BJ)で、図1に示すように外方部材としての外輪10と、内方部材を構成する内輪20およびシャフト2と、トルクを伝達するボール30と、ボール30を支持する保持器40を主要な構成要素として成り立っている。外輪10は入力軸または出力軸と接続し、内輪20は出力軸または入力軸と接続する。この実施形態では、内輪20の内周にセレーションやスプライン等のトルク伝達手段を介してシャフト2を結合することにより、内方部材を構成している。   Next, the fixed type constant velocity universal joint will be described. The fixed type constant velocity universal joint 1 of this embodiment is a Rzeppa type joint (BJ). As shown in FIG. 1, an outer ring 10 as an outer member, an inner ring 20 and a shaft 2 constituting the inner member, and torque are supplied. The transmitting ball 30 and the retainer 40 that supports the ball 30 are constituted as main components. The outer ring 10 is connected to the input shaft or the output shaft, and the inner ring 20 is connected to the output shaft or the input shaft. In this embodiment, the inner member is configured by coupling the shaft 2 to the inner circumference of the inner ring 20 via torque transmission means such as serrations and splines.

前述の外輪10は一端にて開口したカップ状で、球状内面12の円周方向等配位置に、軸方向に延びるトラック溝14が形成されている。また、内輪20は、球状外面22の円周方向等配位置に、軸方向に延びるトラック溝24が形成されている。外輪10のトラック溝14と内輪20のトラック溝24とは対をなして軸方向の一方から他方へ楔状に広がるボールトラックを形成し、各ボールトラックに一個のボール30がそれぞれ組み込んである。保持器40は外輪10の球状内面12と内輪20の球状外面22との間に摺動自在に介在し、各ボール30は保持器40のポケット46に収容されて円周方向で等間隔に保持されている。   The outer ring 10 has a cup shape opened at one end, and a track groove 14 extending in the axial direction is formed at a circumferentially equidistant position of the spherical inner surface 12. Further, the inner ring 20 is formed with a track groove 24 extending in the axial direction at equal circumferential positions on the spherical outer surface 22. The track groove 14 of the outer ring 10 and the track groove 24 of the inner ring 20 form a pair of ball tracks extending in a wedge shape from one to the other in the axial direction, and one ball 30 is incorporated in each ball track. The cage 40 is slidably interposed between the spherical inner surface 12 of the outer ring 10 and the spherical outer surface 22 of the inner ring 20, and each ball 30 is accommodated in a pocket 46 of the cage 40 and is held at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Has been.

保持器40の外周面42は外輪10の球状内面12と球面接触し、保持器40の内周面44は内輪20の球状外面22と球面嵌合している。そして、外輪10の球状内面12の中心と、内輪20の球状外面22の中心は継手中心Oと一致している。これに対して、外輪10のトラック溝14の中心O1と、内輪20のトラック溝24の中心O2は、軸方向で、互いに逆方向に等距離だけオフセットしている。このため、一対のトラック溝14,24により形成されるボールトラックは、外輪10の奥部側から開口側に向かって拡がる楔状を呈している。 The outer circumferential surface 42 of the cage 40 is in spherical contact with the spherical inner surface 12 of the outer ring 10, and the inner circumferential surface 44 of the cage 40 is spherically fitted to the spherical outer surface 22 of the inner ring 20. The center of the spherical inner surface 12 of the outer ring 10 and the center of the spherical outer surface 22 of the inner ring 20 coincide with the joint center O. In contrast, the center O 1 of the track groove 14 of the outer ring 10 and the center O 2 of the track groove 24 of the inner ring 20 are offset by an equal distance in the opposite directions in the axial direction. For this reason, the ball track formed by the pair of track grooves 14 and 24 has a wedge shape that expands from the back side of the outer ring 10 toward the opening side.

この固定型等速自在継手において、図2に示すように外輪10と内輪20とがどのような折り曲げ角、つまり作動角θをとっても、保持器40に案内されたボール30は常に作動角θの二等分線に垂直な平面内に維持され、継手の等速性が確保される。   In this fixed type constant velocity universal joint, as shown in FIG. 2, the ball 30 guided by the cage 40 always has an operating angle θ regardless of the bending angle, that is, the operating angle θ between the outer ring 10 and the inner ring 20. It is maintained in a plane perpendicular to the bisector, ensuring constant velocity of the joint.

この固定型等速自在継手では、図1に示すようにシャフト2の軸端にプランジャユニット50を取り付けている。このプランジャユニット50は、図3に示すように先端に押圧部52を有する押圧部材としてのボール53、弾性部材としての圧縮コイルばね54、ボール53と圧縮コイルばね54を収容する収容部材としてのケース55からなるアッセンブリ体である。この圧縮コイルばね54は、ボール53を外輪10の奥部側(ボール突出方向)へ押圧する弾性力の発生源としている。   In this fixed type constant velocity universal joint, a plunger unit 50 is attached to the shaft end of the shaft 2 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the plunger unit 50 includes a ball 53 as a pressing member having a pressing portion 52 at the tip, a compression coil spring 54 as an elastic member, and a case as a housing member that houses the ball 53 and the compression coil spring 54. 55 is an assembly body. The compression coil spring 54 serves as a generation source of an elastic force that presses the ball 53 toward the back side of the outer ring 10 (the ball protruding direction).

前述のプランジャユニット50をシャフト2に取り付ける構造は次のとおりである。図5はプランジャユニット50をシャフト2に取り付ける前の状態、図6はプランジャユニット50をシャフト2に取り付けた後の状態をそれぞれ示す。   The structure for attaching the plunger unit 50 to the shaft 2 is as follows. FIG. 5 shows a state before the plunger unit 50 is attached to the shaft 2, and FIG. 6 shows a state after the plunger unit 50 is attached to the shaft 2.

同図に示すようにプランジャユニット50は、そのケース55をシャフト2の軸端に形成された凹陥部2aに圧入または接着することにより固定される。このケース55の固定が完了すると、ケース55のフランジ55bがシャフト2の軸端面2bに係合することにより、この軸端面2bを基準としてプランジャユニット50が位置決めされる。つまり、シャフト5の凹陥部2aの加工公差によりその深さにバラツキがあっても、その凹陥部2aの深さをプランジャユニット50のケース55の軸方向長さよりも大きくしてフランジ55bがシャフト2の軸端面2bに係合しているため、プランジャユニット50の位置決めが可能となる。   As shown in the figure, the plunger unit 50 is fixed by press-fitting or adhering the case 55 to a recess 2 a formed at the shaft end of the shaft 2. When the fixing of the case 55 is completed, the flange 55b of the case 55 is engaged with the shaft end surface 2b of the shaft 2, whereby the plunger unit 50 is positioned with reference to the shaft end surface 2b. That is, even if the depth varies due to processing tolerances of the recessed portion 2 a of the shaft 5, the depth of the recessed portion 2 a is made larger than the axial length of the case 55 of the plunger unit 50, and the flange 55 b is connected to the shaft 2. The plunger unit 50 can be positioned because it is engaged with the shaft end surface 2b.

図7(a)(b)に示すようにプランジャ50のケース55は有底筒状をなし、その開口端縁部に内径側へ突出する係止部55aを設けることにより、その係止部55aの内径φdがボール53の外径φDよりも小さくなってボール53の抜脱を防止できる。これにより、ボール53、圧縮コイルばね54およびケース55をユニット化したアッセンブリ体となっている。ここで、ボール53の抜脱を防止するための係止部を設ける手段としては、図7(a)(b)に示すようにケース55の開口端縁部をその全周に亘って内径側へ加締めることにより係止部55aを形成する他に、以下のような種々の構造が適用可能である。   As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the case 55 of the plunger 50 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a locking portion 55a that protrudes toward the inner diameter side is provided at the opening edge of the plunger 50, whereby the locking portion 55a. The inner diameter φd of the ball 53 becomes smaller than the outer diameter φD of the ball 53, so that the removal of the ball 53 can be prevented. Thus, an assembly body in which the ball 53, the compression coil spring 54, and the case 55 are unitized is formed. Here, as a means for providing a locking portion for preventing the ball 53 from being pulled out, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the opening edge of the case 55 is arranged on the inner diameter side over the entire circumference. In addition to forming the locking portion 55a by crimping, the following various structures are applicable.

まず、図8(a)(b)に示すようにケース55のフランジ55bの一部(円周方向180°対向二箇所)を切り起して外径側へ向く舌片を形成し、その舌片を内径側へ折曲することにより係止部55cを形成している。なお、この切り起し箇所は、二箇所以上であってもよい。図9(a)(b)に示す構造は、フランジ55bの一部(円周方向等配の三箇所)を径方向外側へ延在させ、その延在部分を内径側へ折り返してその先端を加締めることにより係止部55dを形成する。   First, as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), a part of the flange 55b of the case 55 (two places facing each other in the circumferential direction 180 °) is cut out to form a tongue piece facing the outer diameter side. The locking portion 55c is formed by bending the piece to the inner diameter side. Note that the number of the raised portions may be two or more. In the structure shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a part of the flange 55b (three circumferentially equidistant portions) extends radially outward, the extended part is folded back to the inner diameter side, and the tip is The locking portion 55d is formed by crimping.

また、図10(a)(b)に示す構造は、フランジ55bの一部(円周方向等配の三箇所)を切り起して内径側へ向く舌片を形成し、その舌片の切り起し面を径方向に対してβ°だけ傾斜させ、かつ、切り起し端面を軸方向に対してβ°だけ傾斜させることにより係止部55eを形成する。この係止部55eは、前述のように舌片をβ°傾斜させることによりその舌片が楔として機能する。なお、フランジ55bの円周方向複数箇所には、スリット55fが形成されている。このスリット55fは、ボール53をケース55に挿入する際にフランジ55bを若干撓ませるためのものである。   Further, the structure shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B is formed by cutting a part of the flange 55b (three places equally spaced in the circumferential direction) to form a tongue that faces the inner diameter side. The locking portion 55e is formed by inclining the raising surface by β ° with respect to the radial direction and by inclining and raising the end surface by β ° with respect to the axial direction. The locking portion 55e functions as a wedge by inclining the tongue piece by β ° as described above. Note that slits 55f are formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the flange 55b. The slit 55f is for slightly bending the flange 55b when the ball 53 is inserted into the case 55.

さらに、図11(a)(b)に示す構造は、ケース55とは別体の環状部材61をフランジ55bに重合し、そのフランジ55bの一部(円周方向180°対向二箇所)を切り起して外径側へ向く舌片55hを形成し、その舌片55hを環状部材61の対応部位に形成された孔(図示せず)に挿入してその先端を加締めることにより、環状部材61をフランジ55bに固定する。この環状部材61の内径側は、軸方向外側へ向けて湾曲形成されており、湾曲端部の内径φdをボール53の外径φDよりも小さくすることによりその湾曲端部が係止部55gとなる。図12(a)(b)に示す構造は、図11(a)(b)に示す構造で説明した略同一の環状部材61を用いたもので、フランジ55bとの固定手段が前述の場合と異なり、同図(a)の点線mで示すように円周方向に沿って複数箇所でスポット溶接することにより環状部材61をフランジ55bに固定することにより、その環状部材61の内径に位置する湾曲端部が係止部55gとなる。   Further, in the structure shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b), an annular member 61 separate from the case 55 is superposed on the flange 55b, and a part of the flange 55b (two places facing each other in the circumferential direction 180 °) is cut. An annular member is formed by forming a tongue piece 55h that rises and faces toward the outer diameter side, inserts the tongue piece 55h into a hole (not shown) formed in a corresponding portion of the annular member 61, and crimps the tip thereof. 61 is fixed to the flange 55b. The inner diameter side of the annular member 61 is curved toward the outer side in the axial direction, and by making the inner diameter φd of the curved end portion smaller than the outer diameter φD of the ball 53, the curved end portion becomes the locking portion 55g. Become. The structure shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) uses substantially the same annular member 61 described in the structure shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b), and the fixing means for the flange 55b is the case described above. In contrast, as shown by the dotted line m in FIG. 5A, the annular member 61 is fixed to the flange 55b by spot welding at a plurality of locations along the circumferential direction, so that the curve positioned at the inner diameter of the annular member 61 is obtained. The end portion becomes the locking portion 55g.

図1に示すように保持器40の外輪10の奥側端部には受け部材56を取り付けている。この受け部材56は、保持器40の端部開口を覆う蓋状をなし、図3に示すように部分球面状の球面部56aとその外周に環状に形成された取付け部56bとで構成される。球面部56aの内面(シャフト2と対向する面)は凹球面で、この凹球面は押圧部52からの押圧力を受ける受け部58として機能する。取付け部56bは、保持器40の端部に圧入、溶接等の適宜の手段で固定されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, a receiving member 56 is attached to the inner end of the outer ring 10 of the cage 40. The receiving member 56 has a lid shape covering the end opening of the cage 40, and includes a spherical portion 56a having a partially spherical shape and an attachment portion 56b formed in an annular shape on the outer periphery thereof as shown in FIG. . The inner surface (the surface facing the shaft 2) of the spherical portion 56 a is a concave spherical surface, and this concave spherical surface functions as a receiving portion 58 that receives the pressing force from the pressing portion 52. The attachment portion 56b is fixed to the end portion of the cage 40 by appropriate means such as press fitting or welding.

この等速自在継手のシャフト2が作動角をとった際に、プランジャユニット50の押圧部52と受け部材56の受け部58間をスムーズに摺動させるため、図4に示すように凹球面状の受け部58の内径寸法Roは、押圧部52を有するボール53の外径寸法r(図3参照)よりも大きくする(Ro>r)。また、作動角θ(図2参照)をとった際の受け部材56と内輪20との干渉を防止するため、受け部58の内径寸法Roは、内輪20の球状外面22の外径寸法Riよりも大きくする(Ro>Ri)。   When the shaft 2 of this constant velocity universal joint takes an operating angle, a concave spherical surface is formed as shown in FIG. 4 in order to smoothly slide between the pressing portion 52 of the plunger unit 50 and the receiving portion 58 of the receiving member 56. The inner diameter dimension Ro of the receiving part 58 is larger than the outer diameter dimension r (see FIG. 3) of the ball 53 having the pressing part 52 (Ro> r). Further, in order to prevent interference between the receiving member 56 and the inner ring 20 when the operating angle θ (see FIG. 2) is taken, the inner diameter dimension Ro of the receiving part 58 is larger than the outer diameter dimension Ri of the spherical outer surface 22 of the inner ring 20. (Ro> Ri).

以上の構成において、シャフト2のセレーション軸部と内輪20をセレーション結合し、止め輪4を装着して両者が完全に結合されると(図1、図3および図4参照)、プランジャユニット50の押圧部52と受け部材56の受け部58とが互いに当接し、ボール53が退入して圧縮コイルばね54が圧縮される。ここで、前述したようにプランジャユニット50はシャフト2の軸端面2bを基準として位置決めされているので、押圧部52の取り付け状態を安定化させてその押圧部52と受け部58の当接状態を常に一定にすることができ、押圧部52からの押圧力を受け部58に確実に作用させることができる。   In the above configuration, when the serration shaft portion of the shaft 2 and the inner ring 20 are serration-coupled and the retaining ring 4 is attached and the two are completely coupled (see FIGS. 1, 3 and 4), the plunger unit 50 The pressing portion 52 and the receiving portion 58 of the receiving member 56 come into contact with each other, the ball 53 is retracted, and the compression coil spring 54 is compressed. Here, as described above, since the plunger unit 50 is positioned with reference to the shaft end surface 2b of the shaft 2, the mounting state of the pressing portion 52 is stabilized and the contact state between the pressing portion 52 and the receiving portion 58 is changed. The pressure can be always constant, and the pressing force from the pressing portion 52 can be reliably applied to the portion 58.

この押圧部52からの押圧力により、シャフト2と一体化された内輪20が、弾性力により外輪10の開口側に軸方向変位し、この変位によりトラック溝14,24に配置されたボール30とトラック溝14,24のすきまが縮小されるため、トラック溝14,24のアキシャルすきまが詰められ、回転バックラッシュが確実に防止される。   Due to the pressing force from the pressing portion 52, the inner ring 20 integrated with the shaft 2 is axially displaced toward the opening side of the outer ring 10 by an elastic force, and the ball 30 disposed in the track grooves 14 and 24 due to this displacement. Since the clearances of the track grooves 14 and 24 are reduced, the axial clearances of the track grooves 14 and 24 are filled and rotation backlash is reliably prevented.

本発明に係る固定型等速自在継手の実施形態で、ステアリング用等速自在継手の全体構成を示す断面図である。1 is a cross-sectional view showing an overall configuration of a constant velocity universal joint for steering in an embodiment of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint according to the present invention. 図1の等速自在継手で二軸が作動角をとった状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where two axes take an operating angle in the constant velocity universal joint of FIG. 1. 図1の要部拡大図である。It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. 図1の要部拡大図である。It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. プランジャユニットをシャフトに取り付ける前の状態を示す拡大図である。It is an enlarged view which shows the state before attaching a plunger unit to a shaft. プランジャユニットをシャフトに取り付けた後の状態を示す拡大図である。It is an enlarged view which shows the state after attaching a plunger unit to a shaft. プランジャユニットにおけるボール抜脱防止手段を説明するためのもので、(a)は正面図、(b)は(a)のA−A線に沿う断面図である。It is for demonstrating the ball | bowl pull-out prevention means in a plunger unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of (a). プランジャユニットにおける他のボール抜脱防止手段を説明するためのもので、(a)は正面図、(b)は(a)のB−O−B線に沿う断面図である。It is for demonstrating the other ball pull-out prevention means in a plunger unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is sectional drawing which follows the BOB line of (a). プランジャユニットにおける他のボール抜脱防止手段を説明するためのもので、(a)は正面図、(b)は(a)のC−O−C線に沿う断面図である。It is for demonstrating the other ball pull-out prevention means in a plunger unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is sectional drawing which follows the C-O-C line of (a). プランジャユニットにおける他のボール抜脱防止手段を説明するためのもので、(a)は正面図、(b)は(a)のD−O−D線に沿う断面図である。It is for demonstrating the other ball | bowl extraction prevention means in a plunger unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is sectional drawing which follows the D-O-D line of (a). プランジャユニットにおける他のボール抜脱防止手段を説明するためのもので、(a)は正面図、(b)は(a)のE−E線に沿う断面図である。It is for demonstrating the other ball pull-out prevention means in a plunger unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is sectional drawing which follows the EE line of (a). プランジャユニットにおける他のボール抜脱防止手段を説明するためのもので、(a)は正面図、(b)は(a)のF−F線に沿う断面図である。It is for demonstrating the other ball pull-out prevention means in a plunger unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is sectional drawing which follows the FF line of (a). (A)はステアリング装置の平面図、(B)はステアリング装置の側面図、(C)はステアリング装置の斜視図である。(A) is a plan view of the steering device, (B) is a side view of the steering device, and (C) is a perspective view of the steering device.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

2 内方部材(シャフト)
10 外方部材(外輪)
12 球状内面
14 トラック溝
20 内方部材(内輪)
22 球状外面
24 トラック溝
30 ボール
40 保持器
50 プランジャユニット
52 押圧部
53 押圧部材(ボール)
54 弾性部材(圧縮コイルばね)
55 収容部材(ケース)
55a 係止部
55b フランジ
56 受け部材
58 受け部
2 Inner member (shaft)
10 Outer member (outer ring)
12 spherical inner surface 14 track groove 20 inner member (inner ring)
22 spherical outer surface 24 track groove 30 ball 40 cage 50 plunger unit 52 pressing portion 53 pressing member (ball)
54 Elastic member (compression coil spring)
55 Housing member (case)
55a Locking portion 55b Flange 56 Receiving member 58 Receiving portion

Claims (6)

複数のトラック溝が形成された球状内面を備えた外方部材と、複数のトラック溝が形成された球状外面を備えた内方部材と、外方部材のトラック溝と内方部材のトラック溝の協働で形成された楔形のボールトラックに配置したボールと、外方部材の球状内面と内方部材の球状外面との間に配置され、ボールを保持する保持器とを備え、弾性的な押圧力を軸方向に作用させる押圧部を前記内方部材側に、かつ、押圧部からの押圧力を受ける受け部を保持器側に設けた予圧手段を有する固定型等速自在継手において、前記押圧部が先端に形成されたプランジャユニットを、内方部材側に形成された凹陥部に組み付け、前記プランジャユニットのフランジを内方部材側の端面に係合させることにより、内方部材側の端面を基準として位置決め固定したことを特徴とする固定型等速自在継手。 An outer member having a spherical inner surface in which a plurality of track grooves are formed, an inner member having a spherical outer surface in which a plurality of track grooves are formed, a track groove in the outer member, and a track groove in the inner member. An elastic pusher includes a ball arranged on a wedge-shaped ball track formed in cooperation, a cage arranged between the spherical inner surface of the outer member and the spherical outer surface of the inner member, and holding the ball. In the fixed type constant velocity universal joint having a preload means in which a pressing portion for applying pressure in the axial direction is provided on the inner member side and a receiving portion for receiving the pressing force from the pressing portion is provided on the cage side. By assembling the plunger unit formed at the tip to the recessed portion formed on the inner member side and engaging the flange of the plunger unit with the end surface on the inner member side, the end surface on the inner member side is Positioning and fixing as a reference Fixed type constant velocity universal joint, characterized in that. 前記プランジャユニットは、押圧部を先端に有する押圧部材と、その押圧部材を前記受け部側に弾性的に付勢する弾性部材と、前記押圧部材および弾性部材を収容する有底筒状の収容部材とからなり、前記収容部材の開口端に、押圧部材の外径より小さい内径を有する係止部を設けたアッセンブリ体とした請求項1に記載の固定型等速自在継手。   The plunger unit includes a pressing member having a pressing portion at a tip thereof, an elastic member that elastically biases the pressing member toward the receiving portion, and a bottomed cylindrical housing member that houses the pressing member and the elastic member. The fixed type constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, wherein the assembly body is provided with an engaging portion having an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the pressing member at an opening end of the housing member. 前記係止部は、収容部材の開口端を加締めることにより形成されている請求項2に記載の固定型等速自在継手。   The fixed type constant velocity universal joint according to claim 2, wherein the locking portion is formed by caulking the opening end of the housing member. 前記係止部は、収容部材の開口端の円周方向に沿う一部を加締めることにより形成されている請求項3に記載の固定型等速自在継手。   The fixed type constant velocity universal joint according to claim 3, wherein the locking portion is formed by caulking a part of the opening end of the housing member along the circumferential direction. 前記係止部は、収容部材とは別の部材をその収容部材の開口端に接合することにより形成されている請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載の固定型等速自在継手。   The fixed type constant velocity universal joint according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the locking portion is formed by joining a member different from the housing member to the opening end of the housing member. 自動車のステアリング装置に組み込まれた請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の等速自在継手。   The constant velocity universal joint as described in any one of Claims 1-5 incorporated in the steering device of the motor vehicle.
JP2004021799A 2004-01-29 2004-01-29 Fixed type constant velocity universal joint Expired - Fee Related JP4298529B2 (en)

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