JP4239764B2 - Brazing composite material and brazing method using the same - Google Patents

Brazing composite material and brazing method using the same Download PDF

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JP4239764B2
JP4239764B2 JP2003316739A JP2003316739A JP4239764B2 JP 4239764 B2 JP4239764 B2 JP 4239764B2 JP 2003316739 A JP2003316739 A JP 2003316739A JP 2003316739 A JP2003316739 A JP 2003316739A JP 4239764 B2 JP4239764 B2 JP 4239764B2
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brazing
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一真 黒木
洋光 黒田
英之 佐川
枢覚 白井
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Hitachi Cable Ltd
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Description

本発明は、熱交換器及び燃料電池用部材のろう付けに用いられる複合材及びそれを用いたろう付け方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a composite material used for brazing a heat exchanger and a fuel cell member, and a brazing method using the same.

自動車用オイルクーラの接合材としてステンレス基クラッド材が使用されている。これは、基材であるステンレス鋼板の片面又は両面に、ろう材としての機能を有するCu材がクラッドされたものである。   Stainless steel-based clad materials are used as joining materials for automobile oil coolers. In this case, a Cu material having a function as a brazing material is clad on one side or both sides of a stainless steel plate as a base material.

ステンレス鋼や、Ni基又はCo基合金などからなる部材のろう付け材として、接合部の耐酸化性や耐食性に優れる各種Niろう材が、JIS規格により規定されている。また、熱交換器の接合に用いられるNiろう材として、粉末状のNiろう材に、Ni、Cr、又はNi−Cr合金の中から選択される金属粉末を4〜22wt%添加してなる粉末Niろう材が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。さらに、基材であるステンレス鋼の表面にNi及びTiからなるろう付け層を有する、即ちNi/Ti/ステンレス鋼というろう付け層構造を有する自己ろう付け性複合材がある(例えば、特許文献2参照)。   As a brazing material for members made of stainless steel, Ni-base or Co-base alloy, various Ni brazing materials excellent in oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of joints are defined by JIS standards. Moreover, as Ni brazing filler metal used for joining of heat exchangers, powder obtained by adding 4 to 22 wt% of metal powder selected from Ni, Cr, or Ni—Cr alloy to powder Ni brazing filler metal Ni brazing filler metal has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Furthermore, there is a self-brazing composite material having a brazing layer made of Ni and Ti on the surface of stainless steel as a base material, that is, a brazing layer structure of Ni / Ti / stainless steel (for example, Patent Document 2). reference).

また、基材表面に、Ti又はTi合金、Ni又はNi合金、或いはCu又はCu合金の内の少なくとも2種の金属の層で構成される複層構造のろう付け層を有するろう付け用複合材がある(例えば、特許文献3参照)。   Also, a brazing composite material having a brazing layer having a multilayer structure composed of at least two kinds of layers of Ti or Ti alloy, Ni or Ni alloy, or Cu or Cu alloy on the surface of the base material (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).

特開2000−107883号公報JP 2000-107883 A 特開平7−299592号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-299592 特開2003−117678号公報JP 2003-117678 A

ところで、特許文献2,3記載の複合材のように、少なくとも2種の金属の層で構成される複層構造のろう付け層を被ろう付け部材にろう付けしてなるろう付け製品を、500℃以上の高温酸化環境下で使用する場合、ろう付け製品のろう付け部が酸化される。   By the way, a brazing product obtained by brazing a brazing layer having a multilayer structure composed of at least two kinds of metal layers onto a member to be brazed, like a composite material described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, When used in a high-temperature oxidation environment at or above C, the brazed part of the brazed product is oxidized.

具体的には、高温酸化環境での使用によって、ろう付け部の表面に酸化膜が形成されるが、この酸化膜の膜厚は、高温酸化環境での経時使用に伴って指数関数的に厚くなり、最終的にろう付け部全体が酸化された状態となる。その結果、ろう付け部の接合強度が著しく低くなり、また、ろう付け部自体も著しく脆くなるため、接合材として機能しなくなってしまう。   Specifically, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the brazed portion by use in a high-temperature oxidation environment. The thickness of this oxide film increases exponentially with use over time in a high-temperature oxidation environment. As a result, the entire brazed portion is finally oxidized. As a result, the bonding strength of the brazed portion is remarkably lowered, and the brazed portion itself becomes remarkably brittle, so that it does not function as a bonding material.

以上の事情を考慮して創案された本発明の目的は、ろう付け部の耐高温酸化性が良好なろう付け用複合材及びそれを用いたろう付け方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention created in view of the above circumstances is to provide a brazing composite material having good high-temperature oxidation resistance of a brazed portion and a brazing method using the same.

上記目的を達成すべく本発明に係るろう付け用複合材は、基材の表面に設けたろう付け層を、被ろう付け部材にろう付けするろう付け用複合材において、Al成分を含む鋼材で構成される上記基材の表面に、Tiを含む少なくとも2種の金属の層で構成される複層構造の上記ろう付け層を設けたものである。   To achieve the above object, a brazing composite material according to the present invention is composed of a steel material containing an Al component in a brazing composite material in which a brazing layer provided on the surface of a base material is brazed to a member to be brazed. The brazing layer having a multilayer structure composed of at least two kinds of metal layers containing Ti is provided on the surface of the base material.

ここで、鋼材は、2〜8wt%のAl成分を含むことが好ましい。また、ろう付け層が順にCu層とTi層とCu層の厚さの比率が1:2:1となるように積層されたCu-Ti系合金又は基材側から順にCu層とTi層とNi層の厚さの比率が1:2:1となるように積層されたTi-Cu-Ni系合金で構成されることが好ましい。
Here, the steel material preferably contains 2 to 8 wt% of an Al component. In addition, the Cu layer and the Ti layer are sequentially formed from the Cu—Ti-based alloy or the base material side in which the brazing layer is sequentially laminated so that the thickness ratio of the Cu layer, the Ti layer, and the Cu layer is 1: 2: 1. It is preferable that the Ni layer is composed of Ti—Cu—Ni alloys laminated so that the thickness ratio of the Ni layer is 1: 2: 1 .

以上によれば、このろう付け用複合材を用いてろう付けを行う際に、溶融したろう付け層中に基材のAl成分を一部溶出させることができる。   According to the above, when brazing using this brazing composite material, a part of the Al component of the base material can be eluted in the molten brazing layer.

一方、本発明に係るろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法は、上述したろう付け用複合材のろう付け層を被ろう付け部材に重ねた後、ろう付け層を溶融させてろう付け溶融部を形成すると共に、基材に含まれるAl成分をろう付け溶融部中に拡散させ、ろう付け合金部を形成し、その後、ろう付け合金部に酸化雰囲気下で280〜350℃で20分以上の熱処理を施し、ろう付け合金部の表面にTiの酸化物層及びTiとAlの化合物層を形成するものである。 On the other hand, in the brazing method using the brazing composite material according to the present invention, the brazing layer of the above-mentioned brazing composite material is overlaid on the brazed member, and then the brazing layer is melted to braze and melt the part. And the Al component contained in the base material is diffused into the brazing melt portion to form a brazing alloy portion. Thereafter, the brazing alloy portion is 280 to 350 ° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere for 20 minutes or more. Heat treatment is performed to form a Ti oxide layer and a Ti and Al compound layer on the surface of the brazed alloy part.

以上によれば、ろう付け合金部の表面に、Tiの酸化物層及びTiとAlの化合物層が形成されるが、このTiとAlの化合物層は高温酸化に対して安定であることから、ろう付け部の耐高温酸化性を著しく向上させることができる。   According to the above, a Ti oxide layer and a Ti and Al compound layer are formed on the surface of the brazing alloy part, but this Ti and Al compound layer is stable against high-temperature oxidation. The high temperature oxidation resistance of the brazed part can be remarkably improved.

本発明によれば、ろう付け用複合材の基材をAl成分を含む鋼材で構成したことで、このろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け部の耐高温酸化性が良好となるという優れた効果を発揮する。   According to the present invention, since the base material of the brazing composite material is composed of a steel material containing an Al component, an excellent effect that the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the brazed portion using the brazing composite material becomes good. To demonstrate.

以下、本発明の好適一実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1に示すように、本発明の好適一実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材10は、基材11の表面(図1中では上面のみ)に、2種の金属の層で構成される三層構造のろう付け層12を設けたものである。ろう付け層12は、Tiを含む金属層と、Cuを含む金属層及び/又はNiを含む金属層とで構成され、好ましくはCu(又はCu合金)層、Ti(又はTi合金)層、Cu(又はCu合金)層を順に積層してなるもの、Cu(又はCu合金)層、Ti(又はTi合金)層、Ni(又はNi合金)層を順に積層してなるものである。ここで言う基材11の表面は、外部に露出する全ての面を示している。   As shown in FIG. 1, a brazing composite material 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is composed of two metal layers on the surface of a base material 11 (only the upper surface in FIG. 1). A brazing layer 12 having a three-layer structure is provided. The brazing layer 12 is composed of a metal layer containing Ti, a metal layer containing Cu and / or a metal layer containing Ni, preferably a Cu (or Cu alloy) layer, a Ti (or Ti alloy) layer, Cu A (or Cu alloy) layer is sequentially stacked, a Cu (or Cu alloy) layer, a Ti (or Ti alloy) layer, and a Ni (or Ni alloy) layer are sequentially stacked. The surface of the base material 11 here refers to all surfaces exposed to the outside.

基材11の構成材は、Al成分を含む鋼材が好ましく、特に好ましくは2〜8wt%のAl成分を含む耐熱鋼材であり、例えば、SUH21(JIS規格)が挙げられる。ここで、Alの含有量を2〜8wt%としたのは、2wt%未満だと、ろう付け処理の後に引き続いて行うろう付け後処理(後述)を行った際に、ろう付け部表面に十分な厚さのTiとAlの化合物層を形成することができないためである。また、8wt%を超えると、基材11の耐食性を維持することが困難となるためである。   The constituent material of the base material 11 is preferably a steel material containing an Al component, particularly preferably a heat-resistant steel material containing an Al component of 2 to 8 wt%, and examples thereof include SUH21 (JIS standard). Here, when the content of Al is set to 2 to 8 wt%, if it is less than 2 wt%, the brazing portion surface is sufficient when post brazing treatment (described later) is performed after brazing treatment. This is because it is not possible to form a compound layer of Ti and Al with a sufficient thickness. Moreover, it is because it will become difficult to maintain the corrosion resistance of the base material 11 when it exceeds 8 wt%.

ろう付け層12は、具体的には、Ti(又はTi合金)層14をCu(又はCu合金)層13a,13bで挟み込んで重ね合わせたクラッド材で構成される。ここで、後述するろう付け部の耐高温酸化性を重視する場合は、Ti層14をCu層13a,13bで挟み込んで重ね合わせたクラッド材が好ましい。また、ろう付け性を重視する場合は、Ti層14をCu(又はCu合金)層及びNi(又はNi合金)層で挟み込んで重ね合わせたクラッド材が好ましく、Cu側が基材と接触される。クラッド材の形成方法は特に限定するものではなく、クラッド材形成のための慣用の方法が全て適用可能であり、例えば、板材の積層・圧延を繰り返して形成する方法、又は全板材を積層した後にまとめて圧延する方法等が挙げられる。   Specifically, the brazing layer 12 is formed of a clad material in which a Ti (or Ti alloy) layer 14 is sandwiched between Cu (or Cu alloy) layers 13a and 13b and overlapped. Here, when importance is attached to the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the brazed portion described later, a clad material in which the Ti layer 14 is sandwiched between the Cu layers 13a and 13b and overlapped is preferable. Moreover, when importance is attached to brazing, a clad material in which the Ti layer 14 is sandwiched between a Cu (or Cu alloy) layer and a Ni (or Ni alloy) layer is preferable, and the Cu side is in contact with the substrate. The formation method of the clad material is not particularly limited, and all conventional methods for forming the clad material can be applied. For example, a method of repeatedly forming and rolling the plate material, or after laminating all the plate materials The method of rolling collectively is mentioned.

尚、本実施の形態に係るろう付用複合材10は、基材11の片面(図1中では上面)のみにろう付け層12を形成した場合について説明を行ったが、基材11の両面(図1中では上・下面)にろう付け層12,12を形成してもよい。また、本実施の形態に係るろう付用複合材10は、板状の基材11の表面にろう付け層12を形成した場合について説明を行ったが、棒状又はワイヤ状の基材の表面にろう付け層12を形成するようにしてもよい。この場合のろう付け層12の形成は、メッキ法、押出法、造管法などによって行う。さらに、本実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材10においては、ろう付け層12の層構造が3層の場合について説明を行ったが、2層構造又は4層以上の構造であってもよい。   In the brazing composite material 10 according to the present embodiment, the case where the brazing layer 12 is formed only on one surface (the upper surface in FIG. 1) of the base material 11 has been described. Brazing layers 12 and 12 may be formed on the upper and lower surfaces in FIG. Moreover, although the brazing composite material 10 according to the present embodiment has been described with respect to the case where the brazing layer 12 is formed on the surface of the plate-like substrate 11, the brazing composite material 10 is formed on the surface of the rod-like or wire-like substrate. The brazing layer 12 may be formed. In this case, the brazing layer 12 is formed by a plating method, an extrusion method, a pipe making method, or the like. Furthermore, in the brazing composite material 10 according to the present embodiment, the case where the layer structure of the brazing layer 12 is three layers has been described, but a two-layer structure or a structure of four or more layers may be used. .

本実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材10の製造方法は、先ず、Ti(又はTi合金)板を2枚のCu(又はCu合金)板で挟み込んで重ね合わせた後、それらの重ね合わせた板材に圧延加工(例えば熱間圧延加工)を施して第1クラッド材を作製する。この第1クラッド材に、圧延加工(例えば冷間圧延加工)を施して、所望の板厚に形成する。次に、所望の板厚に形成した第1クラッド材を、鋼板の表面に重ねた後、それらの重ね合わせた板材に圧延加工(例えば熱間圧延加工)を施して第2クラッド材を作製する。この第2クラッド材に、圧延加工(例えば冷間圧延加工)を施して、所望の板厚に形成する。これによって、図1に示すように、基材11の表面に、層13a,14,13bで構成されるろう付け層12を有する複合材10が得られる。   In the manufacturing method of the brazing composite material 10 according to the present embodiment, first, a Ti (or Ti alloy) plate is sandwiched between two Cu (or Cu alloy) plates and then overlapped. The plate material is subjected to rolling (for example, hot rolling) to produce a first clad material. The first cladding material is subjected to a rolling process (for example, a cold rolling process) to form a desired plate thickness. Next, after the first clad material formed to have a desired plate thickness is overlaid on the surface of the steel plate, the overlaid plate material is subjected to rolling (for example, hot rolling) to produce a second clad material. . The second cladding material is subjected to a rolling process (for example, a cold rolling process) to form a desired plate thickness. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the composite material 10 having the brazing layer 12 composed of the layers 13a, 14 and 13b on the surface of the base material 11 is obtained.

次に、本発明の好適一実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法を、添付図面に基づいて説明する。   Next, a brazing method using a brazing composite material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1に示したろう付け用複合材10のろう付け層12を被ろう付け部材(図示せず)に重ね合わせ、少なくともその重ね合わせ部近傍を加熱、急冷してろう付け熱処理を行う。このろう付け熱処理時の加熱によって、図2に示すように、ろう付け層12が溶融してろう付け溶融部22が形成されると共に、基材11に含まれるAl成分(又はAl成分,Cr成分)がろう付け溶融部22中に一部溶出し、拡散される。その後の急冷によって、ろう付け溶融部22が凝固し、図3に示すように、均一組成の合金からなるろう付け合金部32が形成される。   The brazing layer 12 of the brazing composite material 10 shown in FIG. 1 is superposed on a member to be brazed (not shown), and at least the vicinity of the superposed portion is heated and quenched to perform brazing heat treatment. As shown in FIG. 2, the brazing layer 12 is melted by the heating at the time of the brazing heat treatment to form the brazing / melting portion 22, and the Al component (or Al component, Cr component) included in the base material 11. ) Partially dissolves in the brazing and melting part 22 and diffuses. The brazing and melting portion 22 is solidified by the subsequent rapid cooling, and a brazing alloy portion 32 made of an alloy having a uniform composition is formed as shown in FIG.

その後、ろう付け合金部32に酸化雰囲気下(大気雰囲気下)でろう付け後処理(熱処理)を施す。このろう付け後処理によって、図4に示すように、ろう付け合金部32の表面に、緻密かつ安定なTiの酸化物層と高温酸化に対して安定なTiとAlの化合物層との二層(又はTiの酸化物層と、TiとAlの化合物層と、TiとCrの化合物層との三層)からなる耐酸化層43が形成され、ろう付け部40が得られる。その結果、複合材10と被ろう付け部材とが、ろう付け部40を介して接合されたろう付け製品が得られる。   Thereafter, the brazing alloy part 32 is subjected to post-brazing treatment (heat treatment) in an oxidizing atmosphere (in an air atmosphere). By this post-brazing treatment, as shown in FIG. 4, two layers of a dense and stable Ti oxide layer and a Ti and Al compound layer stable against high-temperature oxidation are formed on the surface of the brazing alloy portion 32. An oxidation-resistant layer 43 made of (or three layers of a Ti oxide layer, a Ti and Al compound layer, and a Ti and Cr compound layer) is formed, and the brazed portion 40 is obtained. As a result, a brazed product in which the composite material 10 and the member to be brazed are joined via the brazed portion 40 is obtained.

ろう付け後処理は、280〜350℃、好ましくは290〜330℃の処理温度、20min以上の処理時間とされる。ここで、処理温度を280〜350℃としたのは、280℃未満だと、ろう付け後処理を行った際に、ろう付け部22の表面に十分な厚さのTiとAlの化合物層を形成することができないためである。また、350℃を超えると、耐酸化層43の形成中に、耐酸化層43の内側の合金部32において酸化が過度に促進されてしまうためである。また、処理時間を20min以上としたのは、20min未満だと、ろう付け後処理を行った際に、ろう付け部22の表面に十分な厚さのTiとAlの化合物層を形成することができないためである。この時、処理時間があまり長いと、生産性が悪くなると共に、処理コストの上昇を招くので、20〜70minが好ましい。   The post-brazing treatment is performed at a treatment temperature of 280 to 350 ° C., preferably 290 to 330 ° C., and a treatment time of 20 minutes or more. Here, when the treatment temperature is set to 280 to 350 ° C. and less than 280 ° C., a sufficiently thick Ti and Al compound layer is formed on the surface of the brazed portion 22 when the post-brazing treatment is performed. This is because it cannot be formed. Further, when the temperature exceeds 350 ° C., oxidation is excessively promoted in the alloy part 32 inside the oxidation resistant layer 43 during the formation of the oxidation resistant layer 43. In addition, if the treatment time is set to 20 minutes or longer and less than 20 minutes, a sufficiently thick Ti and Al compound layer may be formed on the surface of the brazed portion 22 when the post-brazing treatment is performed. This is because it cannot be done. At this time, if the processing time is too long, the productivity is deteriorated and the processing cost is increased, so 20 to 70 min is preferable.

次に、本実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材10及びそれを用いたろう付け製品の作用を説明する。   Next, the operation of the brazing composite material 10 according to the present embodiment and the brazing product using the same will be described.

ろう付け用複合材10と被ろう付け部材(図示せず)とをろう付け接合する図3に示したろう付け合金部32に、所定温度、所定時間のろう付け後処理を施すことによって、表面に耐酸化層43を有するろう付け部40が得られる。このろう付け部40は、耐酸化層43中に高温酸化に対して安定なTiとAlの化合物層が形成されていることから、使用環境が約600℃にも達する高温酸化雰囲気であったとしても、ろう付け部40の全体が酸化するのを(ろう付け部40の内部にまで酸化が進行するのを)抑制することが可能である。その結果、耐高温酸化性が極めて良好なろう付け部40となる。   The brazing alloy portion 32 shown in FIG. 3 for brazing and joining the brazing composite material 10 and the member to be brazed (not shown) is subjected to post-brazing treatment at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time to thereby apply a surface to the surface. The brazed portion 40 having the oxidation resistant layer 43 is obtained. Since this brazing portion 40 has a Ti and Al compound layer that is stable against high-temperature oxidation in the oxidation-resistant layer 43, it is assumed that the use environment is a high-temperature oxidation atmosphere that reaches about 600 ° C. However, it is possible to suppress the entire brazing part 40 from being oxidized (progressing the oxidation to the inside of the brazing part 40). As a result, the brazed portion 40 having very good high-temperature oxidation resistance is obtained.

また、複合材10は、基材11の表面にろう付け層12を一体に設けているため、ろう付けの際、従来の各種Niろう材のように、各接合部に粉末Niろう材をそれぞれ塗布するという作業を必要とせず、ろう付け作業に多大な労力を要することはない(ろう付け作業性が良好となる)。その結果、ろう付け製品の歩留まり・生産性が良好となり、延いては製造コストの低減を図ることができる。   In addition, since the composite material 10 is integrally provided with the brazing layer 12 on the surface of the base material 11, at the time of brazing, powder Ni brazing material is added to each joint portion like various conventional Ni brazing materials. The work of applying is not required, and a great amount of labor is not required for the brazing work (the brazing workability is improved). As a result, the yield and productivity of the brazed product are improved, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

以上、本発明の実施の形態は、上述した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、他にも種々のものが想定されることは言うまでもない。   As mentioned above, it cannot be overemphasized that embodiment of this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, and various things are assumed in addition.

次に、本発明の実施の形態について、実施例に基づいて説明するが、本発明の実施の形態はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these examples.

(実施例1)
板厚2.0mmの純Ti薄板を、板厚1.0mmの2枚のCu薄板で挟み込んで3層構造とし、この積層体に熱間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.4mmのクラッド板を作製した。引き続いて、そのクラッド板に冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.0mmに形成した。
Example 1
A pure Ti thin plate with a thickness of 2.0 mm is sandwiched between two Cu thin plates with a thickness of 1.0 mm to form a three-layer structure, and this laminate is hot-rolled to form a clad plate with a thickness of 1.4 mm. Produced. Subsequently, the clad plate was cold rolled to form a plate thickness of 1.0 mm.

次に、このクラッド板を、Alを4wt%含むステンレス鋼からなり、厚さ2.5mmの鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。   Next, this clad plate is made of stainless steel containing 4 wt% of Al, and after being laminated on the surface of a steel plate (base material) having a thickness of 2.5 mm, this laminate is clad by a rolling method and subsequently cooled. A hot rolling process was performed to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

この複合材を20mm×25mmに切り出した後、切断片に対して、真空下(1Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。その後、切断片を、300℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に30min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。   After cutting this composite material into 20 mm × 25 mm, the brazing layer was melted and alloyed by subjecting the cut piece to brazing heat treatment in which it was rapidly cooled after being held at 980 ° C. for 40 min under vacuum (1 Pa or less). . Thereafter, the brazing piece was subjected to a brazing post-treatment in which the cut piece was kept in an air furnace heated to 300 ° C. for 30 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(実施例2)
板厚1.0mmのCu薄板、板厚2.0mmの純Ti薄板、板厚1.0mmのNi薄板を重ねて3層構造とし、この積層体に熱間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.4mmのクラッド板を作製した。引き続いて、そのクラッド板に冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.0mmに形成した。
(Example 2)
A Cu thin plate having a plate thickness of 1.0 mm, a pure Ti thin plate having a plate thickness of 2.0 mm, and a Ni thin plate having a plate thickness of 1.0 mm are stacked to form a three-layer structure. A 4 mm clad plate was produced. Subsequently, the clad plate was cold rolled to form a plate thickness of 1.0 mm.

次に、このクラッド板のCu側を、Alを5wt%含むステンレス鋼からなり、厚さ2.5mmの鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。   Next, the Cu side of this clad plate is made of stainless steel containing 5 wt% Al, and after being laminated on the surface of a steel plate (base material) having a thickness of 2.5 mm, this laminate is clad by a rolling method, Subsequently, cold rolling was applied to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

この複合材を、実施例1の切断片と同じサイズに切り出した後、切断片に対して、真空下(1Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。その後、切断片を、320℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に60min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。   After this composite material was cut out to the same size as the cut piece of Example 1, the cut piece was brazed and heat-treated by holding it at 980 ° C. for 40 minutes under vacuum (1 Pa or less) and then rapidly cooling it. The layer was melted and alloyed. Thereafter, the brazing piece was subjected to a brazing post-treatment in which the cut piece was kept in an air furnace heated to 320 ° C. for 60 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(比較例1)
実施例1と同じクラッド板を、Alを1wt%含むステンレス鋼からなり、厚さ2.5mmの鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。
(Comparative Example 1)
The same clad plate as in Example 1 is made of stainless steel containing 1 wt% of Al, and after being laminated on the surface of a steel plate (base material) having a thickness of 2.5 mm, this laminate is clad by a rolling method. Cold rolling was performed to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

その後は、実施例1と同様にして、ろう付け熱処理、ろう付け後処理を施した。   Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, brazing heat treatment and post-brazing treatment were performed.

(比較例2)
実施例2と同じクラッド板を、Alを4wt%含むステンレス鋼からなり、厚さ2.5mmの鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。
(Comparative Example 2)
The same clad plate as in Example 2 is made of stainless steel containing 4 wt% of Al, and after being laminated on the surface of a steel plate (base material) having a thickness of 2.5 mm, this laminate is clad by a rolling method. Cold rolling was performed to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

その後、この複合材の切断片に対して、真空下(1Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。その後、切断片を、400℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に60min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。   Thereafter, a brazing heat treatment was performed on the cut piece of the composite material by holding it at 980 ° C. for 40 minutes under vacuum (1 Pa or less) and then rapidly cooling it, and the brazing layer was melted and alloyed. Thereafter, the brazing piece was subjected to a brazing post-treatment in which the cut piece was held in an air furnace heated to 400 ° C. for 60 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(比較例3)
実施例2と同じクラッド板を、Alを6wt%含むステンレス鋼からなり、厚さ2.5mmの鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。
(Comparative Example 3)
The same clad plate as in Example 2 was made of stainless steel containing 6 wt% Al, and after being laminated on the surface of a steel plate (base material) having a thickness of 2.5 mm, this laminate was clad by a rolling method, and subsequently Cold rolling was performed to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

その後、この複合材の切断片に対して、真空下(1Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。その後、切断片を、200℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。   Thereafter, a brazing heat treatment was performed on the cut piece of the composite material by holding it at 980 ° C. for 40 minutes under vacuum (1 Pa or less) and then rapidly cooling it, and the brazing layer was melted and alloyed. Thereafter, the brazing piece was subjected to a brazing post-treatment in which the cut piece was held in an air furnace heated to 200 ° C. for 40 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(従来例1)
実施例1と同じクラッド板を、SUS304(JIS規格)からなり、厚さ2.5mmのステンレス鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。
(Conventional example 1)
The same clad plate as that of Example 1 was made of SUS304 (JIS standard) and was laminated on the surface of a stainless steel plate (base material) having a thickness of 2.5 mm. A hot rolling process was performed to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

この複合材を切り出し、実施例1の切断片と同じサイズの切断片を作製した。   This composite material was cut out to produce a cut piece having the same size as the cut piece of Example 1.

(従来例2)
実施例2と同じクラッド板のCu側を、SUS304(JIS規格)からなり、厚さ2.5mmのステンレス鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。
(Conventional example 2)
The Cu side of the same clad plate as in Example 2 is made of SUS304 (JIS standard), and after being laminated on the surface of a 2.5 mm thick stainless steel plate (base material), this laminate is clad by a rolling method, Subsequently, cold rolling was applied to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

この複合材を切り出し、実施例1の切断片と同じサイズの切断片を作製した。   This composite material was cut out to produce a cut piece having the same size as the cut piece of Example 1.

実施例1,2、比較例1〜3、及び従来例1,2の各複合材における基材のAl成分(wt%)、ろう付け層の構造、ろう付け後処理条件、及び各複合材の切断片における高温酸化試験前後の重量変化(mg)を表1に示す。ここで、試験前重量としては、従来例1,2の各複合材の切断片については、ろう付け熱処理後の重量を測定し、実施例1,2及び比較例1〜3の各複合材の切断片については、ろう付け後処理後の重量を測定した。また、試験後重量としては、重量測定後の各切断片を、600℃に保持した大気雰囲気の加熱炉の中に30min放置した後、加熱炉外に取り出して急冷するという高温酸化試験後の重量を測定した。   Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and Conventional Examples 1 and 2, the Al component (wt%) of the base material, the structure of the brazing layer, the post-brazing treatment conditions, and the respective composite materials Table 1 shows the weight change (mg) before and after the high-temperature oxidation test on the cut pieces. Here, as the weight before the test, for the cut pieces of the composite materials of the conventional examples 1 and 2, the weight after the brazing heat treatment was measured, and the composite materials of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were measured. For the cut pieces, the weight after the brazing treatment was measured. The weight after the test is the weight after the high-temperature oxidation test in which each cut piece after the weight measurement is left in a heating furnace in an air atmosphere maintained at 600 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then taken out of the heating furnace and rapidly cooled. Was measured.

Figure 0004239764
Figure 0004239764

表1に示すように、実施例1,2の各複合材における切断片は、高温酸化試験前後の重量変化がそれぞれ1.3mg、1.6mgであり、従来例1,2の各複合材における切断片の重量変化(12.5mg、16.5mg)と比較して約1/10となっていた。このことから、実施例1,2の各複合材のろう付け部は、高温の酸化雰囲気下に晒されても酸化しにくいことがわかり、ろう付け部の耐高温酸化性が良好であることが確認できた。   As shown in Table 1, the cut pieces in each composite material of Examples 1 and 2 have a weight change of 1.3 mg and 1.6 mg before and after the high-temperature oxidation test, respectively. It was about 1/10 compared with the weight change (12.5 mg, 16.5 mg) of the cut piece. From this, it can be seen that the brazed portions of the composite materials of Examples 1 and 2 are not easily oxidized even when exposed to a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the brazed portions is good. It could be confirmed.

これに対して、比較例1の複合材における切断片は、基材のAl成分が1wt%と規定範囲(2〜8wt%)未満であることから、ろう付け後処理後に、ろう付け部表面に十分な厚さのTiとAlの化合物層を形成することができなかった。このため、酸化を抑制することが困難となり、切断片の重量変化は5.5mgと大きくなった。   On the other hand, the cut piece in the composite material of Comparative Example 1 has an Al component of the base material of 1 wt% and less than the specified range (2 to 8 wt%). A compound layer of Ti and Al having a sufficient thickness could not be formed. For this reason, it became difficult to suppress oxidation, and the weight change of the cut piece was as large as 5.5 mg.

また、比較例2の複合材における切断片は、ろう付け後処理の処理温度が400℃と規定範囲(280〜350℃)を超えていることから、ろう付け後処理時における耐酸化層の形成中に、耐酸化層の内側の合金部において酸化が過度に促進されてしまった。このため、切断片の重量変化は4.3mgと大きくなった。   In addition, the cutting piece in the composite material of Comparative Example 2 has a treatment temperature of post-brazing treatment exceeding 400 ° C. and the specified range (280 to 350 ° C.), so that an oxidation resistant layer is formed during post-brazing treatment. In the inside, oxidation was excessively promoted in the alloy part inside the oxidation resistant layer. For this reason, the weight change of the cut piece was as large as 4.3 mg.

また、比較例3の複合材における切断片は、ろう付け後処理の処理温度が200℃と規定範囲(280〜350℃)未満であることから、ろう付け後処理時にろう付け部の表面に十分な厚さのTiとAlの化合物層を形成することができなかった。このため、酸化を抑制することが困難となり、切断片の重量変化は10.3mgと大きくなった。   Moreover, since the processing temperature of the brazing post-treatment is 200 ° C. and less than the specified range (280 to 350 ° C.), the cut piece in the composite material of Comparative Example 3 is sufficient for the surface of the brazed portion during the post-brazing treatment. It was not possible to form a compound layer of Ti and Al with a sufficient thickness. For this reason, it became difficult to suppress oxidation, and the weight change of the cut piece was as large as 10.3 mg.

本実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材は、EGR用クーラなどの高温・高腐食性のガス又は液体に晒される熱交換器に用いることができる。また、その他にも、例えば、燃料電池の改質器用クーラや、燃料電池部材などの各種用途にも適用可能である。特に、ワイヤ状に形成した複合材は、EGR用クーラや、燃料電池の改質器用クーラ等の熱交換器、燃料電池部材などの他にも、オイルクーラ、ラジエータ、二次電池部材などにも適用可能である。   The brazing composite material according to the present embodiment can be used in a heat exchanger that is exposed to a high-temperature, highly corrosive gas or liquid, such as an EGR cooler. In addition, for example, the present invention can be applied to various uses such as a fuel cell reformer cooler and a fuel cell member. In particular, the composite material formed in a wire shape is used not only for heat exchangers such as EGR coolers, fuel cell reformer coolers, and fuel cell members, but also for oil coolers, radiators, secondary battery members, and the like. Applicable.

本発明の好適一実施の形態に係るろう付用複合材の横断面図である。1 is a cross-sectional view of a brazing composite material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 図1のろう付用複合材をろう付けする際の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view at the time of brazing the composite material for brazing of FIG. 図1のろう付用複合材をろう付けした後の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view after brazing the composite material for brazing of FIG. 図3のろう付け合金部に、ろう付け後処理を施した後の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view after performing the brazing post-treatment on the brazing alloy part of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 ろう付け用複合材
11 基材
12 ろう付け層
13a,13b Cu層(Cu又はCu合金層)
14 Ti層(Ti又はTi合金層)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Composite material for brazing 11 Base material 12 Brazing layer 13a, 13b Cu layer (Cu or Cu alloy layer)
14 Ti layer (Ti or Ti alloy layer)

Claims (4)

基材の表面に金属の積層体からなるろう付け層を設けてなるろう付け用複合材において、
上記基材はAl成分を2〜8wt%含むステンレス鋼材からなり、上記ろう付け層が、順にCu層とTi層とCu層の厚さの比率が1:2:1となるように積層されたCu-Ti系合金であることを特徴とするろう付け用複合材。
In a brazing composite material in which a brazing layer made of a metal laminate is provided on the surface of a base material,
The base material is made of a stainless steel material containing 2 to 8 wt% of an Al component, and the brazing layer is laminated so that the thickness ratio of the Cu layer, the Ti layer, and the Cu layer is 1: 2: 1 in this order. A composite material for brazing, which is a Cu-Ti alloy .
基材の表面に金属の積層体からなるろう付け層を設けてなるろう付け用複合材において、
上記基材はAl成分を2〜8wt%含むステンレス鋼材からなり、上記ろう付け層が、基材側から順にCu層とTi層とNi層の厚さの比率が1:2:1となるように積層されたTi-Cu-Ni系合金であることを特徴とするろう付け用複合材。
In a brazing composite material in which a brazing layer made of a metal laminate is provided on the surface of a base material,
The base material is made of a stainless steel material containing 2 to 8 wt% of an Al component, and the brazing layer has a thickness ratio of Cu layer, Ti layer, and Ni layer of 1: 2: 1 in order from the base material side. A composite material for brazing, which is a Ti—Cu—Ni alloy laminated on the substrate.
請求項1または2に記載のろう付け用複合材のろう付け層を被ろう付け部材に重ねた後、ろう付け層を溶融させてろう付け溶融部を形成すると共に、基材に含まれるAl成分をろう付け溶融部中に拡散させてろう付け合金部を形成し、その後、ろう付け合金部に酸化雰囲気下で280〜350℃で20分以上の熱処理を施し、ろう付け合金部の表面にTiの酸化物層及びTiとAlの化合物層を形成することを特徴とするろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法。 After the brazing layer of the composite material for brazing according to claim 1 or 2 is superposed on the member to be brazed, the brazing layer is melted to form a brazing melt portion, and the Al component contained in the base material Is diffused into the brazing melt part to form a brazing alloy part, and then the brazing alloy part is subjected to heat treatment at 280 to 350 ° C. for 20 minutes or more in an oxidizing atmosphere, and Ti is applied to the surface of the brazing alloy part. A brazing method using a brazing composite material, characterized in that an oxide layer of Ti and a compound layer of Ti and Al are formed. 請求項記載のろう付け方法を用い、ろう付け用複合材と被ろう付け部材とを接合してなることを特徴とするろう付け製品。 A brazing product obtained by joining a brazing composite material and a brazed member using the brazing method according to claim 3 .
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JP2009195981A (en) * 2008-01-23 2009-09-03 Hitachi Cable Ltd Clad material for brazing and brazed product

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