JP4107206B2 - Brazing method using a brazing composite material - Google Patents

Brazing method using a brazing composite material Download PDF

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JP4107206B2
JP4107206B2 JP2003324664A JP2003324664A JP4107206B2 JP 4107206 B2 JP4107206 B2 JP 4107206B2 JP 2003324664 A JP2003324664 A JP 2003324664A JP 2003324664 A JP2003324664 A JP 2003324664A JP 4107206 B2 JP4107206 B2 JP 4107206B2
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一真 黒木
洋光 黒田
英之 佐川
枢覚 白井
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Hitachi Cable Ltd
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Description

本発明は、熱交換器及び燃料電池用部材のろう付けに用いられる複合材を用いたろう付け方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a brazing method using a composite material used for brazing a heat exchanger and a fuel cell member.

自動車用オイルクーラの接合材としてステンレス基クラッド材が使用されている。これは、基材であるステンレス鋼板の片面又は両面に、ろう材としての機能を有するCu材がクラッドされたものである。   Stainless steel-based clad materials are used as joining materials for automobile oil coolers. In this case, a Cu material having a function as a brazing material is clad on one side or both sides of a stainless steel plate as a base material.

ステンレス鋼や、Ni基又はCo基合金などからなる部材のろう付け材として、接合部の耐酸化性や耐食性に優れる各種Niろう材が、JIS規格により規定されている。また、熱交換器の接合に用いられるNiろう材として、粉末状のNiろう材に、Ni、Cr、又はNi−Cr合金の中から選択される金属粉末を4〜22wt%添加してなる粉末Niろう材が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。さらに、基材であるステンレス鋼の表面にNi及びTiからなるろう付け層を有する、即ちNi/Ti/ステンレス鋼というろう付け層構造を有する自己ろう付け性複合材がある(例えば、特許文献2参照)。   As a brazing material for members made of stainless steel, Ni-base or Co-base alloy, various Ni brazing materials excellent in oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of joints are defined by JIS standards. Moreover, as Ni brazing filler metal used for joining of heat exchangers, powder obtained by adding 4 to 22 wt% of metal powder selected from Ni, Cr, or Ni—Cr alloy to powder Ni brazing filler metal Ni brazing filler metal has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Furthermore, there is a self-brazing composite material having a brazing layer made of Ni and Ti on the surface of stainless steel as a base material, that is, a brazing layer structure of Ni / Ti / stainless steel (for example, Patent Document 2). reference).

特開2000−107883号公報JP 2000-107883 A 特開平7−299592号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-299592

ところで、特許文献2記載の複合材のように、少なくとも2種の金属の層で構成される複層構造のろう付け層を被ろう付け部材にろう付けしてなるろう付け製品を、500℃以上の高温酸化環境下で使用する場合、ろう付け製品のろう付け部が酸化される。   By the way, a brazing product obtained by brazing a brazing layer having a multilayer structure composed of at least two kinds of metal layers to a brazed member, such as a composite material described in Patent Document 2, is 500 ° C. or higher. When used in a high temperature oxidation environment, the brazed part of the brazed product is oxidized.

具体的には、高温酸化環境での使用によって、ろう付け部の表面に酸化膜が形成されるが、この酸化膜の膜厚は、高温酸化環境での経時使用に伴って指数関数的に厚くなり、最終的にろう付け部全体が酸化された状態となる。その結果、ろう付け部の接合強度が著しく低くなり、また、ろう付け部自体も著しく脆くなるため、接合材として機能しなくなってしまう。   Specifically, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the brazed portion by use in a high-temperature oxidation environment. The thickness of this oxide film increases exponentially with use over time in a high-temperature oxidation environment. As a result, the entire brazed portion is finally oxidized. As a result, the bonding strength of the brazed portion is remarkably lowered, and the brazed portion itself becomes remarkably brittle, so that it does not function as a bonding material.

以上の事情を考慮して創案された本発明の目的は、ろう付け部の耐高温酸化性が良好なろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention created in view of the above circumstances is to provide a brazing method using a brazing composite material having good high-temperature oxidation resistance of a brazed portion.

上記の目的を達成すべく本発明に係るろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法は、基材の表面にろう付け層を有するろう付け用複合材を用い、被ろう付け部材にろう付けする方法において、上記基材の表面に、Tiを含む少なくとも2種の金属の層で構成される複層構造のろう付け層を有するろう付け用複合材を、被ろう付け部材に重ねた後、ろう付け層を溶融させてろう付け溶融部を形成すると共に、そのろう付け溶融部を凝固させて、少なくともその一部が大気に露出したろう付け合金部を形成し、その後、ろう付け合金部に酸化雰囲気下で280〜350℃で20〜100分の熱処理を施すことにより、大気に露出したろう付け合金部の表面を、ろう付け合金部の層厚の0.10〜5.0%の層厚のTi酸化物層に形成するものである。 In order to achieve the above object, a brazing method using a brazing composite material according to the present invention is a method of brazing a brazed member using a brazing composite material having a brazing layer on the surface of a substrate. In this case, a brazing composite material having a multi-layered brazing layer composed of at least two kinds of metal layers containing Ti is placed on the surface of the base material, and then brazed. The layer is melted to form a brazing melt part, and the brazing melt part is solidified to form a brazing alloy part at least a part of which is exposed to the atmosphere. the facilities Succoth heat treatment of 20 to 100 minutes at 280 to 350 ° C. under a surface of the brazing alloy portion exposed to the atmosphere, from 0.10 to 5.0% of the thickness of the layer thickness of the braze alloy portion Formed on the Ti oxide layer

ここで、Ti酸化物層の層厚が0.3〜3.0μmであることが好ましい。これによって、ろう付け合金部の高温酸化を抑制することができる。   Here, the thickness of the Ti oxide layer is preferably 0.3 to 3.0 μm. Thereby, high temperature oxidation of the brazing alloy part can be suppressed.

また、熱処理の処理温度は280〜350℃、処理時間は20〜100minであることが好ましい。これによって、Ti酸化物層を良好に形成することができ、また、その層厚を調整することができる。   Moreover, it is preferable that the processing temperature of heat processing is 280-350 degreeC, and processing time is 20-100 min. As a result, the Ti oxide layer can be satisfactorily formed, and the layer thickness can be adjusted.

以上によれば、ろう付け用複合材を用いてろう付けを行った後、そのろう付け合金部に、所定の条件でろう付け後処理(熱処理)を施すことで、ろう付け合金部の表面に、所定の層厚のTiの酸化物層を形成することができる。   According to the above, after brazing using the brazing composite material, the brazing alloy part is subjected to post-brazing treatment (heat treatment) under a predetermined condition, so that the surface of the brazing alloy part is obtained. A Ti oxide layer having a predetermined layer thickness can be formed.

本発明によれば、大気に露出したろう付け合金部の表面に、所定の層厚のTiの酸化物層を形成することで、ろう付け部の耐高温酸化性を著しく向上させることができるという優れた効果を発揮する。 According to the present invention, the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the brazed portion can be remarkably improved by forming a Ti oxide layer having a predetermined thickness on the surface of the brazed alloy portion exposed to the atmosphere. Exhibits excellent effects.

以下、本発明の好適一実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

本発明の好適一実施の形態に係るろう付け方法に用いるろう付け用複合材は、図1に示すように、基材11の表面(図1中では上面のみ)に、2種の金属の層で構成される三層構造のろう付け層12を設けたものである。ろう付け層12は、Tiを含む金属層と、Cuを含む金属層及び/又はNiを含む金属層とで構成され、好ましくはCu(又はCu合金)層、Ti(又はTi合金)層、Cu(又はCu合金)層を順に積層してなるもの、Cu(又はCu合金)層、Ti(又はTi合金)層、Ni(又はNi合金)層を順に積層してなるものである。ここで言う基材11の表面は、外部に露出する全ての面を示している。   As shown in FIG. 1, the brazing composite material used in the brazing method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises two metal layers on the surface of the base material 11 (only the upper surface in FIG. 1). A brazing layer 12 having a three-layer structure is provided. The brazing layer 12 is composed of a metal layer containing Ti, a metal layer containing Cu and / or a metal layer containing Ni, preferably a Cu (or Cu alloy) layer, a Ti (or Ti alloy) layer, Cu A (or Cu alloy) layer is sequentially stacked, a Cu (or Cu alloy) layer, a Ti (or Ti alloy) layer, and a Ni (or Ni alloy) layer are sequentially stacked. The surface of the base material 11 here refers to all surfaces exposed to the outside.

基材11の構成材は、鋼材が好ましく、特に好ましくはステンレス鋼材であり、例えば、SUS304(JIS規格)が挙げられる。   The constituent material of the substrate 11 is preferably a steel material, particularly preferably a stainless steel material, and examples thereof include SUS304 (JIS standard).

ろう付け層12は、具体的には、Ti(又はTi合金)層14をCu(又はCu合金)層13a,13bで挟み込んで重ね合わせたクラッド材で構成される。ここで、ろう付け性を重視する場合は、Ti層14をCu層13a,13bで挟み込んで重ね合わせたクラッド材が好ましい。また、後述するろう付け部の耐高温酸化性を重視する場合は、Ti層14をCu(又はCu合金)層及びNi(又はNi合金)層で挟み込んで重ね合わせたクラッド材が好ましく、Cu側が基材と接触される。クラッド材の形成方法は特に限定するものではなく、クラッド材形成のための慣用の方法が全て適用可能であり、例えば、板材の積層・圧延を繰り返して形成する方法、又は全板材を積層した後にまとめて圧延する方法等が挙げられる。   Specifically, the brazing layer 12 is formed of a clad material in which a Ti (or Ti alloy) layer 14 is sandwiched between Cu (or Cu alloy) layers 13a and 13b and overlapped. Here, when importance is attached to brazing, a clad material in which the Ti layer 14 is sandwiched between the Cu layers 13a and 13b and overlapped is preferable. In the case where high-temperature oxidation resistance of a brazed portion described later is emphasized, a clad material in which the Ti layer 14 is sandwiched between a Cu (or Cu alloy) layer and a Ni (or Ni alloy) layer is preferable. Contacted with the substrate. The formation method of the clad material is not particularly limited, and all conventional methods for forming the clad material can be applied. For example, a method of repeatedly forming and rolling the plate material, or after laminating all the plate materials The method of rolling collectively is mentioned.

尚、本実施の形態に係るろう付け方法に用いるろう付け用複合材10として、基材11の片面(図1中では上面)のみにろう付け層12を形成したものについて説明を行ったが、基材11の両面(図1中では上・下面)にろう付け層12,12を形成してもよい。また、ろう付用複合材10として、板状の基材11の表面にろう付け層12を形成したものについて説明を行ったが、棒状又はワイヤ状の基材の表面にろう付け層12を形成するようにしてもよい。この場合のろう付け層12の形成は、メッキ法、押出法、造管法などによって行う。さらに、ろう付け用複合材10として、ろう付け層12の層構造が3層のものについて説明を行ったが、2層構造又は4層以上の構造であってもよい。   The brazing composite material 10 used in the brazing method according to the present embodiment has been described for the case where the brazing layer 12 is formed only on one surface (the upper surface in FIG. 1) of the base material 11. The brazing layers 12 and 12 may be formed on both surfaces (upper and lower surfaces in FIG. 1) of the substrate 11. Further, the brazing composite material 10 has been described in which the brazing layer 12 is formed on the surface of the plate-like base material 11, but the brazing layer 12 is formed on the surface of the rod-like or wire-like base material. You may make it do. In this case, the brazing layer 12 is formed by a plating method, an extrusion method, a pipe making method, or the like. Further, the brazing composite material 10 has been described with the brazing layer 12 having a three-layer structure, but it may be a two-layer structure or a structure having four or more layers.

ろう付け用複合材10の製造方法は、先ず、Ti(又はTi合金)板を2枚のCu(又はCu合金)板で挟み込んで重ね合わせた後、それらの重ね合わせた板材に圧延加工(例えば熱間圧延加工)を施して第1クラッド材を作製する。この第1クラッド材に、圧延加工(例えば冷間圧延加工)を施して、所望の板厚に形成する。次に、所望の板厚に形成した第1クラッド材を、鋼板の表面に重ねた後、それらの重ね合わせた板材に圧延加工(例えば熱間圧延加工)を施して第2クラッド材を作製する。この第2クラッド材に、圧延加工(例えば冷間圧延加工)を施して、所望の板厚に形成する。これによって、図1に示すように、基材11の表面に、層13a,14,13bで構成されるろう付け層12を有する複合材10が得られる。   A method of manufacturing the brazing composite 10 is as follows. First, a Ti (or Ti alloy) plate is sandwiched between two Cu (or Cu alloy) plates, and then rolled (for example, A first clad material is produced by performing hot rolling. The first cladding material is subjected to a rolling process (for example, a cold rolling process) to form a desired plate thickness. Next, after the first clad material formed to have a desired plate thickness is overlaid on the surface of the steel plate, the overlaid plate material is subjected to rolling (for example, hot rolling) to produce a second clad material. . The second cladding material is subjected to a rolling process (for example, a cold rolling process) to form a desired plate thickness. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the composite material 10 having the brazing layer 12 composed of the layers 13a, 14 and 13b on the surface of the base material 11 is obtained.

次に、本発明の好適一実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法を、添付図面に基づいて説明する。   Next, a brazing method using a brazing composite material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1に示したろう付け用複合材10のろう付け層12を被ろう付け部材(図示せず)に重ね合わせ、少なくともその重ね合わせ部近傍を加熱、急冷してろう付け熱処理を行う。このろう付け熱処理時の加熱によって、図2に示すように、ろう付け層12が溶融してろう付け溶融部22が形成される。その後の急冷によって、ろう付け溶融部22が凝固し、図3に示すように、均一組成の合金からなるろう付け合金部32が形成される。   The brazing layer 12 of the brazing composite material 10 shown in FIG. 1 is superposed on a member to be brazed (not shown), and at least the vicinity of the superposed portion is heated and quenched to perform brazing heat treatment. By the heating during the brazing heat treatment, the brazing layer 12 is melted to form a brazing melt portion 22 as shown in FIG. The brazing and melting portion 22 is solidified by the subsequent rapid cooling, and a brazing alloy portion 32 made of an alloy having a uniform composition is formed as shown in FIG.

その後、ろう付け合金部32に酸化雰囲気下(大気雰囲気下)でろう付け後処理(熱処理)を施す。このろう付け後処理によって、大気に露出したろう付け合金部32の表面を、図4に示すように、緻密かつ安定なTi酸化物層43に形成し、ろう付け部40が得られる。Ti酸化物層43の内層部が新たなろう付け合金部42となる。その結果、複合材10と被ろう付け部材とが、ろう付け部40を介して接合されたろう付け製品が得られる。ろう付け製品としては、EGR用クーラ等の高温・高腐食性のガス又は液体に晒される熱交換器、燃料電池の改質器用クーラ、燃料電池部材、オイルクーラ、ラジエータ、二次電池部材などが挙げられる。
Thereafter, the brazing alloy part 32 is subjected to post-brazing treatment (heat treatment) in an oxidizing atmosphere (in an air atmosphere). By this post-brazing treatment, the surface of the brazing alloy part 32 exposed to the atmosphere is formed into a dense and stable Ti oxide layer 43 as shown in FIG. 4, and the brazing part 40 is obtained. The inner layer portion of the Ti oxide layer 43 becomes a new brazing alloy portion 42. As a result, a brazed product in which the composite material 10 and the member to be brazed are joined via the brazed portion 40 is obtained. Brazing products include heat exchangers exposed to high temperature and highly corrosive gases or liquids such as EGR coolers, fuel cell reformer coolers, fuel cell members, oil coolers, radiators, secondary battery members, etc. Can be mentioned.

Ti酸化物層43の層厚は、ろう付け合金部42とTi酸化物層43の合計層厚の0.10〜5.0%、好ましくは0.10〜3.0%とされる。   The layer thickness of the Ti oxide layer 43 is set to 0.10 to 5.0%, preferably 0.10 to 3.0% of the total layer thickness of the brazing alloy portion 42 and the Ti oxide layer 43.

ここで、Ti酸化物層43の層厚を、合計層厚の0.10〜5.0%としたのは、0.10%未満だと、高温大気中においてTi酸化物層43の内層部(ろう付け合金部42)の酸化を抑制することができないためである。また、5.0%を超えると、高い内部応力によってTi酸化物層43自体の安定保持が困難となり、耐高温酸化性の低下につながるためである。例えば、合計層厚が100〜300μmの場合におけるTi酸化物層43の層厚は0.3〜3.0μmとされる。   Here, when the layer thickness of the Ti oxide layer 43 is set to 0.10 to 5.0% of the total layer thickness, if it is less than 0.10%, the inner layer portion of the Ti oxide layer 43 in the high-temperature atmosphere This is because the oxidation of the (brazing alloy part 42) cannot be suppressed. Further, if it exceeds 5.0%, it is difficult to stably maintain the Ti oxide layer 43 itself due to high internal stress, which leads to a decrease in high-temperature oxidation resistance. For example, when the total layer thickness is 100 to 300 μm, the thickness of the Ti oxide layer 43 is set to 0.3 to 3.0 μm.

ろう付け後処理は、280〜350℃、好ましくは290〜330℃の処理温度、20〜100minの処理時間とされる。   The post-brazing treatment is performed at a treatment temperature of 280 to 350 ° C., preferably 290 to 330 ° C., and a treatment time of 20 to 100 minutes.

ここで、処理温度を280〜350℃としたのは、280℃未満だと、ろう付け後処理によって、ろう付け部40の表面に、十分な厚さのTi酸化物層43を形成することができないためである。また、350℃を超えると、ろう付け後処理時に、ろう付け合金部32を構成するTi以外の金属部分も酸化されてしまい、高温酸化の抑制に効果的なTi酸化物を多く含んだ層を良好に形成することができないためである。   Here, if the treatment temperature is set to 280 to 350 ° C. and less than 280 ° C., a sufficiently thick Ti oxide layer 43 may be formed on the surface of the brazed portion 40 by post-brazing treatment. This is because it cannot be done. Further, when the temperature exceeds 350 ° C., a metal portion other than Ti constituting the brazing alloy portion 32 is oxidized during the post-brazing treatment, and a layer containing a large amount of Ti oxide effective for suppressing high-temperature oxidation is formed. This is because it cannot be formed satisfactorily.

また、処理時間を20〜100minとしたのは、20min未満だと、ろう付け後処理によって、ろう付け部40の表面に、十分な厚さのTi酸化物層43を形成することができないためである。また、100minを超えると、Ti酸化物層43の層厚が厚くなり過ぎるとともに、生産性が悪くなって処理コストの上昇を招くためである。   The reason why the treatment time is set to 20 to 100 minutes is that if the treatment time is less than 20 minutes, the Ti oxide layer 43 having a sufficient thickness cannot be formed on the surface of the brazed portion 40 by the treatment after brazing. is there. Further, if it exceeds 100 min, the thickness of the Ti oxide layer 43 becomes too thick, and the productivity is deteriorated, resulting in an increase in processing cost.

以上、本発明の実施の形態は、上述した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、他にも種々のものが想定されることは言うまでもない。   As mentioned above, it cannot be overemphasized that embodiment of this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, and various things are assumed in addition.

次に、本発明の実施の形態について、実施例に基づいて説明するが、本発明の実施の形態はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these examples.

図1に示した構造の複合材10を、980℃のろう付け温度で10min保持してろう付け溶融部22(図2参照)を形成した後、この溶融部22を冷却してろう付け合金部32(図3参照)を形成する。一部の複合材10については、その後、300℃×30minのろう付け後処理を施す。これにより、ろう付け後処理あり、ろう付け後処理なしの2種類のサンプルを作製する。   The composite material 10 having the structure shown in FIG. 1 is held at a brazing temperature of 980 ° C. for 10 minutes to form a brazed molten part 22 (see FIG. 2), and then the molten part 22 is cooled to braze alloy part. 32 (see FIG. 3) is formed. Some composite materials 10 are then subjected to post-brazing treatment at 300 ° C. for 30 minutes. This produces two types of samples with post-brazing treatment and without post-brazing treatment.

各サンプルに対して、大気雰囲気下で、600℃×20〜240hrの加熱処理を施した。各サンプルの、加熱時間と重量変化率(%:[加熱処理前後の重量変化/加熱前のサンプル重量]×100)との関係を図5に示す。図5に示すように、ろう付け後処理ありのサンプルの、240時間経過後の重量変化率が0.005%強であるのに対し、ろう付け後処理なしのサンプルの、240時間経過後の重量変化率は約0.017%と3倍以上になっている。つまり、ろう付け後処理ありのサンプルは、ろう付け後処理なしのサンプルと比較して、重量変化率が著しく少なくなっている。基材11を構成するステンレス鋼材は殆ど酸化されることはないことから、ろう付け後処理によってろう付け部の高温酸化が抑制されることがわかる。   Each sample was subjected to heat treatment at 600 ° C. for 20 to 240 hours in an air atmosphere. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the heating time and the weight change rate (%: [weight change before and after heat treatment / sample weight before heating] × 100) for each sample. As shown in FIG. 5, the weight change rate after 240 hours of the sample with post-brazing treatment is just over 0.005%, whereas the sample with no post-brazing treatment is after 240 hours. The weight change rate is about 0.017%, which is more than three times. That is, the sample with post-brazing treatment has a significantly lower weight change rate than the sample without post-brazing treatment. Since the stainless steel material which comprises the base material 11 is hardly oxidized, it turns out that the high temperature oxidation of a brazing part is suppressed by the process after brazing.

以上より、ろう付け用複合材10と被ろう付け部材(図示せず)とをろう付け接合する図3に示したろう付け合金部32に、所定温度、所定時間のろう付け後処理を施すことによって、表面に緻密、かつ、安定なTi酸化物層43を有するろう付け部40が得られる。このTi酸化物層43により、使用環境が500℃を超える高温酸化雰囲気であったとしても、ろう付け部40の全体が酸化するのを(ろう付け合金部42の酸化を)抑制することが可能である。その結果、耐高温酸化性が極めて良好なろう付け部40となる。   From the above, the brazing alloy part 32 shown in FIG. 3 for brazing and joining the brazing composite material 10 and the member to be brazed (not shown) is subjected to post-brazing treatment at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time. Thus, the brazed portion 40 having a dense and stable Ti oxide layer 43 on the surface is obtained. The Ti oxide layer 43 can suppress the entire brazed part 40 from being oxidized (oxidation of the brazed alloy part 42) even if the usage environment is a high temperature oxidizing atmosphere exceeding 500 ° C. It is. As a result, the brazed portion 40 having very good high-temperature oxidation resistance is obtained.

また、複合材10は、基材11の表面にろう付け層12を一体に設けているため、ろう付けの際、従来の各種Niろう材のように、各接合部に粉末Niろう材をそれぞれ塗布するという作業を必要とせず、ろう付け作業に多大な労力を要することはない(ろう付け作業性が良好となる)。その結果、ろう付け製品の歩留まり・生産性が良好となり、延いては製造コストの低減を図ることができる。   In addition, since the composite material 10 is integrally provided with the brazing layer 12 on the surface of the base material 11, at the time of brazing, powder Ni brazing material is added to each joint portion like various conventional Ni brazing materials. The work of applying is not required, and a great amount of labor is not required for the brazing work (the brazing workability is improved). As a result, the yield and productivity of the brazed product are improved, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(実施例1)
板厚2.0mmの純Ti薄板を、板厚1.0mmの2枚のCu薄板で挟み込んで3層構造とし、この積層体に熱間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.4mmのクラッド板を作製した。引き続いて、そのクラッド板に冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.0mmに形成した。
(Example 1)
A pure Ti thin plate with a thickness of 2.0 mm is sandwiched between two Cu thin plates with a thickness of 1.0 mm to form a three-layer structure, and this laminate is subjected to hot rolling to form a clad plate with a thickness of 1.4 mm. Produced. Subsequently, the clad plate was cold rolled to form a plate thickness of 1.0 mm.

次に、このクラッド板を、SUS304(JIS規格)からなり、厚さ2.5mmのステンレス鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。   Next, this clad plate is made of SUS304 (JIS standard) and is laminated on the surface of a stainless steel plate (base material) having a thickness of 2.5 mm, and then this laminate is clad by a rolling method, followed by cold working. Rolling was performed to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

この複合材を20mm×25mmに切り出した後、切断片に対して、真空下(10-2Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。その後、切断片を、300℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に30min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。 After cutting this composite material into 20 mm × 25 mm, the cut piece is subjected to brazing heat treatment in which it is rapidly cooled after being held at 980 ° C. × 40 min under vacuum (10 −2 Pa or less), and the brazing layer is melted. Alloyed. Thereafter, the brazing piece was subjected to a brazing post-treatment in which the cut piece was kept in an air furnace heated to 300 ° C. for 30 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(実施例2)
板厚1.0mmのCu薄板、板厚2.0mmの純Ti薄板、板厚1.0mmのNi薄板を重ねて3層構造とし、この積層体に熱間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.4mmのクラッド板を作製した。引き続いて、そのクラッド板に冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚1.0mmに形成した。
(Example 2)
A Cu thin plate with a plate thickness of 1.0 mm, a pure Ti thin plate with a plate thickness of 2.0 mm, and a Ni thin plate with a plate thickness of 1.0 mm are stacked to form a three-layer structure. A 4 mm clad plate was produced. Subsequently, the clad plate was cold rolled to form a plate thickness of 1.0 mm.

次に、このクラッド板のCu側を、SUS304(JIS規格)からなり、厚さ2.5mmのステンレス鋼板(基材)の表面に重ねた後、この積層体に圧延法によるクラッドを行い、引き続いて冷間圧延加工を施し、板厚0.5mmのろう付け用複合材を作製した。   Next, the Cu side of this clad plate is made of SUS304 (JIS standard) and laminated on the surface of a 2.5 mm-thick stainless steel plate (base material), and then this laminate is clad by a rolling method. Then, a cold rolling process was performed to produce a brazing composite material having a thickness of 0.5 mm.

この複合材を、実施例1の切断片と同じサイズに切り出した後、切断片に対して、真空下(10-2Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。その後、切断片を、320℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に60min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。 After cutting this composite material into the same size as the cut piece of Example 1, the cut piece was subjected to brazing heat treatment in which it was rapidly cooled after being held at 980 ° C. for 40 minutes under vacuum (10 −2 Pa or less). The brazing layer was melted and alloyed. Thereafter, the brazing piece was subjected to a brazing post-treatment in which the cut piece was kept in an air furnace heated to 320 ° C. for 60 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(比較例1)
ろう付け熱処理までは実施例1と同様にし、その後、切断片を、300℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に5min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。
(Comparative Example 1)
The brazing heat treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and then a post-brazing treatment was performed in which the cut piece was held in an air atmosphere heating furnace heated to 300 ° C. for 5 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(比較例2)
ろう付け熱処理までは実施例2と同様にし、その後、切断片を、400℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に60min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。
(Comparative Example 2)
The brazing heat treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, and then a post-brazing treatment was performed in which the cut piece was held in an air furnace heated to 400 ° C. for 60 minutes and then rapidly cooled.

(比較例3)
ろう付け熱処理までは実施例2と同様にし、その後、切断片を、200℃に加熱した大気雰囲気の加熱炉内に40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け後処理を施した。
(Comparative Example 3)
The brazing heat treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, and then a post-brazing treatment was performed in which the cut piece was held in an air furnace heated to 200 ° C. for 40 min and then rapidly cooled.

(従来例1)
実施例1と同様の切断片に対して、真空下(10-2Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。従来例1では、ろう付け後処理はなしとした。
(Conventional example 1)
The same cut piece as in Example 1 was subjected to a brazing heat treatment of holding at 980 ° C. × 40 min under vacuum (10 −2 Pa or less) and then rapidly cooling to melt and alloy the brazing layer. In Conventional Example 1, no post-brazing process was performed.

(従来例2)
実施例2と同様の切断片に対して、真空下(10-2Pa以下)で980℃×40min保持した後に急冷するというろう付け熱処理を施し、ろう付け層を溶融、合金化した。従来例2では、ろう付け後処理はなしとした。
(Conventional example 2)
The same cut piece as in Example 2 was subjected to a brazing heat treatment of holding at 980 ° C. for 40 min under vacuum (10 −2 Pa or less) and then rapidly cooling, and the brazing layer was melted and alloyed. In Conventional Example 2, no post-brazing process was performed.

実施例1,2、比較例1〜3、及び従来例1,2の各複合材におけるろう付け層の構造、ろう付け後処理条件、及び各複合材の切断片における高温酸化試験前後の重量変化(g)を表1に示す。ここで、試験前重量としては、従来例1,2の各複合材の切断片については、ろう付け熱処理後の重量を測定し、実施例1,2及び比較例1〜3の各複合材の切断片については、ろう付け後処理後の重量を測定した。また、試験後重量としては、重量測定後の各切断片を、600℃に保持した大気雰囲気の加熱炉の中に240hr放置した後、加熱炉外に取り出して急冷するという高温酸化試験後の重量を測定した。   Structure of brazing layer in each composite material of Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and Conventional Examples 1 and 2, processing conditions after brazing, and weight change before and after high temperature oxidation test on cut pieces of each composite material Table 1 shows (g). Here, as the weight before the test, for the cut pieces of the composite materials of the conventional examples 1 and 2, the weight after the brazing heat treatment was measured, and the composite materials of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were measured. For the cut pieces, the weight after the brazing treatment was measured. The weight after the test is the weight after the high-temperature oxidation test in which each piece after the weight measurement is left in a heating furnace maintained at 600 ° C. for 240 hours, and then taken out of the heating furnace and rapidly cooled. Was measured.

Figure 0004107206
Figure 0004107206

表1に示すように、実施例1,2の各複合材における切断片は、高温酸化試験前後の重量変化がそれぞれ0.011g、0.010gであり、従来例1,2の各複合材における切断片の重量変化(0.023g、0.025g)と比較して約1/2となっていた。このことから、実施例1,2の各複合材のろう付け部は、高温の酸化雰囲気下に晒されても酸化しにくいことがわかり、ろう付け部の耐高温酸化性が良好であることが確認できた。   As shown in Table 1, the cut pieces in each composite material of Examples 1 and 2 have a weight change of 0.011 g and 0.010 g before and after the high-temperature oxidation test, respectively. Compared to the change in weight of the cut piece (0.023 g, 0.025 g), it was about ½. From this, it can be seen that the brazed portions of the composite materials of Examples 1 and 2 are not easily oxidized even when exposed to a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the brazed portions is good. It could be confirmed.

これに対して、比較例1の複合材における切断片は、ろう付け後処理の処理時間が5minと規定範囲(20〜100min)未満であることから、ろう付け後処理によって、ろう付け部表面に十分な厚さのTi酸化物層を形成することができなかった。このため、酸化を抑制することが困難となり、切断片の重量変化は0.020gと大きくなった。   On the other hand, the cut piece in the composite material of Comparative Example 1 has a treatment time of 5 minutes after brazing and less than the specified range (20 to 100 min). A Ti oxide layer having a sufficient thickness could not be formed. For this reason, it became difficult to suppress oxidation, and the weight change of the cut piece was as large as 0.020 g.

また、比較例2の複合材における切断片は、ろう付け後処理の処理温度が400℃と規定範囲(280〜350℃)を超えていることから、ろう付け後処理によって、Ti酸化物を多く含んだ層を良好に形成することができなかった。このため、切断片の重量変化は0.022gと大きくなった。   Moreover, since the processing temperature of the brazing post-treatment of the cut piece in the composite material of Comparative Example 2 exceeds 400 ° C. and the specified range (280 to 350 ° C.), a large amount of Ti oxide is obtained by the post-brazing treatment. The contained layer could not be formed satisfactorily. For this reason, the weight change of the cut piece was as large as 0.022 g.

また、比較例3の複合材における切断片は、ろう付け後処理の処理温度が200℃と規定範囲(280〜350℃)未満であることから、ろう付け後処理によって、ろう付け部の表面に十分な厚さのTi酸化物層を形成することができなかった。このため、酸化を抑制することが困難となり、切断片の重量変化は0.022gと大きくなった。   Moreover, since the processing temperature of the brazing post-treatment of the composite material of Comparative Example 3 is 200 ° C. and less than the specified range (280 to 350 ° C.), the brazing post-treatment is performed on the surface of the brazed part. A Ti oxide layer having a sufficient thickness could not be formed. For this reason, it became difficult to suppress oxidation, and the weight change of the cut piece was as large as 0.022 g.

本実施の形態に係るろう付け用複合材は、EGR用クーラなどの高温・高腐食性のガス又は液体に晒される熱交換器に用いることができる。また、その他にも、例えば、燃料電池の改質器用クーラや、燃料電池部材などの各種用途にも適用可能である。特に、ワイヤ状に形成した複合材は、EGR用クーラや、燃料電池の改質器用クーラ等の熱交換器、燃料電池部材などの他にも、オイルクーラ、ラジエータ、二次電池部材などにも適用可能である。   The brazing composite material according to the present embodiment can be used in a heat exchanger that is exposed to a high-temperature, highly corrosive gas or liquid, such as an EGR cooler. In addition, for example, the present invention can be applied to various uses such as a fuel cell reformer cooler and a fuel cell member. In particular, the composite material formed in a wire shape is used not only for heat exchangers such as EGR coolers, fuel cell reformer coolers, and fuel cell members, but also for oil coolers, radiators, secondary battery members, and the like. Applicable.

本発明の好適一実施の形態に係るろう付け方法に用いるろう付用複合材の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the composite material for brazing used for the brazing method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 図1のろう付用複合材をろう付けする際の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view at the time of brazing the composite material for brazing of FIG. 図1のろう付用複合材をろう付けした後の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view after brazing the composite material for brazing of FIG. 図3のろう付け合金部に、ろう付け後処理を施した後の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view after performing the brazing post-treatment on the brazing alloy part of FIG. ろう付け後処理あり及びろう付け後処理なしの各サンプルの、加熱時間と重量変化率との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between a heating time and a weight change rate of each sample with a post-brazing process and without a post-brazing process.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 ろう付け用複合材
11 基材
12 ろう付け層
13a,13b Cu層(Cu又はCu合金層)
14 Ti層(Ti又はTi合金層)
22 ろう付け溶融部
32 ろう付け合金部
43 Ti酸化物層
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Composite material for brazing 11 Base material 12 Brazing layer 13a, 13b Cu layer (Cu or Cu alloy layer)
14 Ti layer (Ti or Ti alloy layer)
22 Brazing and melting zone 32 Brazing alloy zone 43 Ti oxide layer

Claims (4)

基材の表面にろう付け層を有するろう付け用複合材を用い、被ろう付け部材にろう付けする方法において、上記基材の表面に、Tiを含む少なくとも2種の金属の層で構成される複層構造のろう付け層を有するろう付け用複合材を、被ろう付け部材に重ねた後、ろう付け層を溶融させてろう付け溶融部を形成すると共に、そのろう付け溶融部を凝固させて、少なくともその一部が大気に露出したろう付け合金部を形成し、その後、ろう付け合金部に酸化雰囲気下で280〜350℃で20〜100分の熱処理を施すことにより、大気に露出したろう付け合金部の表面を、ろう付け合金部の層厚の0.10〜5.0%の層厚のTi酸化物層に形成することを特徴とするろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法。 In the method of brazing to a member to be brazed using a brazing composite material having a brazing layer on the surface of the base material, the surface of the base material is composed of at least two kinds of metal layers containing Ti. After a brazing composite material having a multi-layered brazing layer is stacked on a member to be brazed, the brazing layer is melted to form a brazing melt portion, and the brazing melt portion is solidified. at least partially forms a braze alloy portion exposed to the atmosphere, thereafter, the facilities Succoth heat treatment of 20 to 100 minutes at 280 to 350 ° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere to brazing alloy portion, exposed to the atmosphere A brazing method using a brazing composite material, characterized in that the surface of a brazing alloy part is formed into a Ti oxide layer having a layer thickness of 0.10 to 5.0% of the layer thickness of the brazing alloy part . 上記Ti酸化物層の層厚さが0.3〜3.0μmである請求項1記載のろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法。   The brazing method using the brazing composite material according to claim 1, wherein the Ti oxide layer has a thickness of 0.3 to 3.0 μm. 上記基材がステンレス鋼である請求項1又は2記載のろう付け用複合材を用いたろう付け方法。 The brazing method using the brazing composite material according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the base material is stainless steel. 請求項1からいずれかに記載のろう付け方法を用い、ろう付け用複合材と被ろう付け部材とを接合してなることを特徴とするろう付け製品。 Brazing products using the brazing method, characterized by comprising bonding the brazing composite material and the object to be brazed member according to claim 1, 3 or.
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