JP4231398B2 - Separator manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for polymer electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents

Separator manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for polymer electrolyte fuel cell Download PDF

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JP4231398B2
JP4231398B2 JP2003420357A JP2003420357A JP4231398B2 JP 4231398 B2 JP4231398 B2 JP 4231398B2 JP 2003420357 A JP2003420357 A JP 2003420357A JP 2003420357 A JP2003420357 A JP 2003420357A JP 4231398 B2 JP4231398 B2 JP 4231398B2
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separator
roll
fuel cell
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polymer electrolyte
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裕一 吉田
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Description

本発明は、電力を駆動源とする自動車、小規模の発電システムなどに用いられる固体高分子型燃料電池に用いられるセパレータの製造方法及び製造装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a separator used in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell used in an automobile using electric power as a drive source, a small-scale power generation system, and the like.

環境保全に対する意識の高まりにより、化石燃料を利用した現行の内燃機関から水素を利用した固体高分子型燃料電池による電気駆動型の自動車や、分散型コジェネシステムへの移行が世界的に検討されている。これらの新技術を広く一般に利用できるようにするためには、低コスト化と高信頼化に関わる技術開発を燃料供給システムも含めて推進する必要がある。   Due to the growing awareness of environmental conservation, the transition from current internal combustion engines using fossil fuels to electrically driven vehicles using solid polymer fuel cells using hydrogen and distributed cogeneration systems is being studied worldwide. Yes. In order to make these new technologies widely available to the general public, it is necessary to promote technological development related to cost reduction and high reliability, including fuel supply systems.

近年、固体高分子材料の開発成功を契機に電気自動車用燃料電池の開発が急速に進展し始めている。
固体高分子型燃料電池とは、従来のアルカリ型燃料電池、燐酸型燃料電池、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池、固体電解質型燃料電池などと異なり、水素イオン選択透過型の有機物膜を電解質として用いることを特徴とする燃料電池であり、燃料には純水素のほか、アルコール類の改質によって得た水素ガスなどを用い、空気中の酸素との反応を電気化学的に制御することによって電力を取り出すシステムである。固体高分子膜は薄くても十分に機能し、電解質が膜中に固定されていることから、電池内の露点を制御すれば電解質として機能するため、水溶液系電解質や溶融塩系電解質など流動性のある媒体を使う必要がなく、電池自体をコンパクトに単純化して設計できることも特徴である。
In recent years, the development of fuel cells for electric vehicles has begun to progress rapidly with the successful development of solid polymer materials.
Unlike conventional alkaline fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, solid electrolyte fuel cells, etc., solid polymer fuel cells use a hydrogen ion permselective organic membrane as the electrolyte. In addition to pure hydrogen, the fuel cell uses hydrogen gas, etc. obtained by reforming alcohol, and takes out electric power by electrochemically controlling the reaction with oxygen in the air. System. Solid polymer membranes function well even when they are thin, and the electrolyte is fixed in the membrane, so it functions as an electrolyte if the dew point in the battery is controlled, so fluidity such as aqueous electrolytes and molten salt electrolytes Another characteristic is that the battery itself can be designed in a compact and simplified manner.

固体高分子型燃料電池は、水素の流路を持つセパレータ、燃料極、固体高分子膜、空気(酸素)極、空気(酸素)の流路を持つセパレータよりなるサンドイッチ構造を単セルとして、実際にはこの単セルを積層したスタックが用いられる。したがって、セパレータの両面は独立した流路を持ち、片面が水素、もう一方の片面が空気および生成した水の流路となる。
冷却用水溶液の沸点以下の領域で稼働する固体高分子型燃料電池の構成材料としては、温度がさほど高くないこと、その環境下で耐食性・耐久性を十分に発揮させることが可能であること、さらに、任意の流路形状を形成するため炭素系の材料を切削加工などにより加工して使用されてきているが、より低コスト化や小型化、すなわちセパレータの薄肉化を目指してステンレス鋼やチタンの適用に関する技術開発が進んでいる。
The polymer electrolyte fuel cell is actually a single cell with a sandwich structure consisting of a separator having a hydrogen flow path, a fuel electrode, a solid polymer membrane, an air (oxygen) electrode, and a separator having an air (oxygen) flow path. A stack in which the single cells are stacked is used. Therefore, both surfaces of the separator have independent flow paths, one side being hydrogen and the other side being a flow path for air and generated water.
As a constituent material of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell that operates in the region below the boiling point of the cooling aqueous solution, the temperature is not so high, and it is possible to sufficiently exhibit corrosion resistance and durability in that environment, Furthermore, carbon-based materials have been used by cutting to form an arbitrary flow path shape, but stainless steel and titanium have been used with the aim of reducing costs and downsizing, that is, reducing the thickness of separators. Technological development related to the application of

従来、燃料電池用ステンレス鋼としては、例えば特許文献1に開示されているように、高い耐食性が要求される溶融炭酸塩環境で稼働する燃料電池用ステンレス鋼がある。
また、特許文献2などに開示されているように、数百度の高温で稼働する固体電解質型燃料電池材料の発明がなされてきた。
さらに、特許文献3には、単位電池の電極との接触抵抗の小さい燃料電池用セパレータを得ることを目的に、ステンレス鋼(SUS304)を張出し成形(プレス成形ともいう)することにより、内周部に多数個の凹凸からなる膨出成形部を形成し、膨出成形部の膨出先端側端面に0.01〜0.02μmの厚さの金メッキ層を形成したことを特徴とする燃料電池用セパレータが開示され、その使用法として燃料電池を形成する際に燃料電池用セパレータを積層された単位電池の間に介在させ、単位電池の電極と膨出成形部の膨出先端側端面に形成された金メッキ層とが当接するように配設し、燃料電池用セパレータと電極との間に反応ガス通路を画成する技術が開示されている。
Conventionally, as stainless steel for fuel cells, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is stainless steel for fuel cells that operates in a molten carbonate environment where high corrosion resistance is required.
Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 and the like, an invention of a solid oxide fuel cell material that operates at a high temperature of several hundred degrees has been made.
Further, in Patent Document 3, for the purpose of obtaining a separator for a fuel cell having a low contact resistance with an electrode of a unit cell, stainless steel (SUS304) is stretched (also referred to as press molding) to obtain an inner peripheral portion. And a bulge-molded portion comprising a large number of irregularities is formed, and a gold plating layer having a thickness of 0.01 to 0.02 μm is formed on the bulge tip side end surface of the bulge-molded portion. A separator is disclosed, and when a fuel cell is formed, a separator for a fuel cell is interposed between stacked unit cells, and is formed on an end surface of a bulging tip of a unit cell electrode and a bulging molded portion. In addition, a technique is disclosed in which a reaction gas passage is defined between a fuel cell separator and an electrode so as to be in contact with the gold plating layer.

また、特許文献4では、安価に加工するため、プレス加工した波形状の穴明きバイポーラ板が開示されている。
ロールを用いた成形に関しては、特許文献5に、平板を金型に挟み込み、圧延ロールで金型を圧縮する製造方法が開示されている。これらの技術をもとに実際に固体高分子型燃料電池を試作すると、凹凸からなる膨出成形部において延性割れを生じたり、微細な凹凸の繰り返し形状を成形するためプレス荷重が増大し、精度よく成形することが困難であった。
Moreover, in patent document 4, in order to process cheaply, the corrugated perforated bipolar plate which was press-processed is disclosed.
Regarding molding using a roll, Patent Document 5 discloses a manufacturing method in which a flat plate is sandwiched between molds and the mold is compressed with a rolling roll. Based on these technologies, when a prototype of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is actually produced, ductile cracks occur in the bulging formed part consisting of irregularities, and the press load increases due to the formation of repeated shapes with fine irregularities. It was difficult to mold well.

そこで、本発明者らは、特許文献6において、セパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工を表面に施した上下一対の圧下ロールを有することを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ製造装置を開示した。本加工法を用いることにより、低コスト・高耐久型の固体高分子型燃料電池に適用できる、割れ、破断が生じない安定した成形加工が可能であると共に、プレス荷重を軽減し、凹凸部を均一に成形し、周囲平坦部の変形,波打ちの比較的少ないセパレータを製造することができる。しかしながら、本成形法は、板コイル巻き癖起因の長手方向の湾曲や、成形加工起因による長手方向の湾曲、加工不均一によるうねりが発生する問題がある。燃料電池に用いられるセパレータは数百枚積み重ねて使用するため、他の用途では問題にならないような微小な湾曲やうねりが弊害となり、それらをほぼ皆無にすることが要求される。   In view of this, the present inventors disclosed in Patent Document 6 a solid polymer fuel cell characterized by having a pair of upper and lower reduction rolls having an uneven surface similar to the shape of the convex and concave portions of the separator. Disclosed is a separator manufacturing apparatus. By using this processing method, it can be applied to low-cost, high-endurance polymer electrolyte fuel cells, and can be stably molded without cracking or breaking. It is possible to produce a separator that is uniformly formed and has relatively little deformation and undulation of the surrounding flat portion. However, the present forming method has a problem in that the bending in the longitudinal direction due to the plate coil curl, the bending in the longitudinal direction due to the forming process, and the undulation due to the processing non-uniformity occur. Since hundreds of separators used in fuel cells are stacked and used, minute curves and undulations that do not cause problems in other applications are harmful, and it is required to eliminate them almost completely.

特許文献7では、ロール成形品の形状を向上することと、ロール成形ロール数を低減することを目的としてロール成形工程前段に反り修正用ロールを具備し、板原板の幅方向に板反りを発生させ、反った原板をロール成形する方法が開示されている。本発明で対象とする前記のセパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工を表面に施した上下一対の金型圧下ロールで成形する方法は、板に圧縮応力を付与しながら張り出し成形を行う強加工であり、前段で多少の幅方向の板反りを付与しても、後段の金型圧下ロールによる強加工でその板反りは除去され、ほとんど形状矯正効果は期待できない。   In Patent Document 7, a roll for correcting warpage is provided at the front stage of the roll forming process for the purpose of improving the shape of the roll-formed product and reducing the number of roll-forming rolls, and plate warpage occurs in the width direction of the original plate. A method of roll forming a warped original sheet is disclosed. The method of forming with a pair of upper and lower mold pressing rolls having a surface with a concavo-convex shape similar to the shape of the convex and concave portions of the separator targeted in the present invention is a stretch forming while applying a compressive stress to the plate. Even if a certain amount of sheet warpage in the width direction is applied at the former stage, the sheet warpage is removed by the strong process by the mold pressing roll at the latter stage, and almost no shape correction effect can be expected.

また、特許文献8では、圧延工程の後段に、上下に金属板の曲げと押え用のロールを有し、上下ロールで金属板を締め付ける装置を具備する反り修正装置で板の長手方向のみの板反り矯正する装置が開示されている。板面にセパレータを成形した後に、前記の反り修正装置により成形パターンを破壊せずに矯正するのは不可能であり、また、成形工程の前段に具備したとしても本発明で対象とする前記のセパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工を表面に施した上下一対の金型圧下ロールで成形する方法は、板に圧縮応力を付与しながら張り出し成形を行う強加工であり、前段で多少の長手方向の板反りを付与しても、後段の金型圧下ロールによる強加工でその板反りは除去され、ほとんど形状矯正効果は期待できない。
特開平4−247852号公報 特開平6−264193号公報 特開平10−228914号公報 特開平5−29009号公報 特開2000−202532号公報 特願2001−112937号公報 特開昭53−58465公報 特開昭63−76717公報
Moreover, in patent document 8, it is a board | substrate only in the longitudinal direction of a board with the curvature correction apparatus which has the roll for bending and pressing a metal plate up and down in the latter stage of a rolling process, and equipped with the apparatus which clamps a metal plate with an up-and-down roll. An apparatus for correcting warpage is disclosed. After the separator is molded on the plate surface, it is impossible to correct without destroying the molding pattern by the warp correction device, and even if it is provided in the previous stage of the molding process, The method of forming with a pair of upper and lower mold pressing rolls that have surface irregularities similar to the shape of the protrusions and recesses of the separator is a strong process in which stretch forming is performed while applying compressive stress to the plate. However, even if some longitudinal warpage is applied, the plate warpage is removed by the strong processing by the die-rolling roll in the subsequent stage, and almost no shape correction effect can be expected.
JP-A-4-247852 JP-A-6-264193 JP-A-10-228914 JP-A-5-29909 JP 2000-202532 A Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-112937 JP 53-58465 A JP-A-63-76717

本発明は、前記の問題点に鑑み、低コスト・高耐久型の固体高分子型燃料電池に適用できる、割れ、破断が生じない安定した成形加工が可能であると共に、成形加工後のセパレータに湾曲やうねりが存在しない燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法及び製造装置を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above problems, the present invention can be applied to a low-cost, high-endurance polymer electrolyte fuel cell, can be stably molded without cracking or breaking, and can be used as a separator after molding. It aims at providing the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the separator for fuel cells in which a curve and a wave | undulation do not exist.

上述の課題を解決するため、金型ロールによる成形加工原理、種々の金型ロールの試作を通じて詳細に検討した結果、本発明を完成させたもので、その要旨とするところは以下の通りである。
(1)周辺に平坦部を有し、周辺を除く部分はガス流路となる凸部及び凹部を有する固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータを製造する方法において、前記セパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工を表面に施した上下一対のロールが同一接点上で被成形材に接触し、且つ、上ロールの中心点と下ロールの中心点を結んだ直線が水平軸に対して斜めとなるように、上下一対のロールを配置させて、上ロールまたは下ロールに被成形材を巻き付けて曲げ加工を施しながら、前記セパレータを成形加工することを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ製造方法。
(2)周辺に平坦部を有し、周辺を除く部分はガス流路となる凸部及び凹部を有する固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータを製造する装置において、上下一対のロールが同一接点上で被成形材に接触し、且つ、上ロールの中心点と下ロールの中心点を結んだ直線が水平軸に対して斜めとなるように上下一対のロールが配置され、前記上下一対のロールは前記セパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工が表面に施されていることを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ製造装置。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been completed as a result of detailed examination through the principle of molding using a mold roll and trial production of various mold rolls. The gist of the present invention is as follows. .
(1) In the method for producing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator having a flat portion around the periphery and having a convex portion and a concave portion that are gas passages except for the periphery, the shape of the convex and concave portions of the separator A pair of upper and lower rolls, which have similar surface irregularities on the surface, contact the material to be molded on the same contact, and the straight line connecting the center point of the upper roll and the center point of the lower roll is relative to the horizontal axis. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell characterized in that a pair of upper and lower rolls are disposed so as to be inclined, and the separator is molded while being bent by winding a molding material around the upper roll or the lower roll. Separator manufacturing method.
(2) In an apparatus for manufacturing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator that has a flat portion around the periphery and has a convex portion and a concave portion that serve as gas flow paths in the portion other than the periphery, the pair of upper and lower rolls on the same contact and contact with the molding material, and, as connecting the center point of the center point and the lower roll of the upper roll straight becomes oblique to the horizontal axis, a pair of upper and lower rolls are disposed, the pair of upper and lower rolls An apparatus for producing a separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, wherein the surface is provided with uneven processing similar to the shape of the convex and concave portions of the separator.

本発明により、固体高分子型燃料電池用ステンレスセパレータの高精度な成形加工を容易に且つ確実に行うことができるものであり、低コスト固体高分子型燃料電池を実現する技術として極めて有効なものである。   According to the present invention, a high-precision molding process of a stainless separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be easily and reliably performed, and is extremely effective as a technique for realizing a low-cost polymer electrolyte fuel cell. It is.

以下に、本発明の詳細について説明する。
前記のごとく、凹凸部の繰り返し断面形状を有するセパレータの成形過程において、板コイルの巻き癖起因による長手方向の湾曲や、成形加工起因による板の長手方向の湾曲、加工不均一によるうねりが若干発生する問題がある。
本発明者らは、セパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工を表面に施した上下一対のロールにより成形加工する製造方法において、上ロールまたは、下ロールに板を巻き付けて曲げ加工を施しながら、前記セパレータを成形加工することを着想し、種々の形状について金型ロールを試作し、成形加工試験を行った結果、成形材の長手方向の湾曲、うねりを回避できる仕組みを見出した。
Details of the present invention will be described below.
As described above, in the process of forming a separator having a repetitive cross-sectional shape of an uneven portion, a slight amount of undulation due to longitudinal bending due to winding of a plate coil, longitudinal bending of a plate due to forming processing, or uneven processing occurs. There is a problem to do.
In the manufacturing method in which a forming process is performed by a pair of upper and lower rolls whose surface has been subjected to uneven processing similar to the shape of the convex and concave portions of the separator, the present inventors bent the plate by winding a plate around the upper roll or the lower roll As a result of making mold rolls for various shapes and carrying out a molding process test, we found a mechanism that can avoid bending and undulation in the longitudinal direction of the molding material. .

本発明に係る製造装置により製造したセパレータの断面図の例を図1に示す。また、図2は、本発明により製造したセパレータを用いて固体高分子型燃料電池スタックを構築する一例を示した模式図である。図3には、表面に凹凸の加工を施してある一対の成形用金型ロールである上ロール10、下ロール11で、被整形材を圧下して表面の凹凸部の模様を板材料に転写させながら回転することにより、セパレータ1を連続的に成形する上下一対のロールの例を示す。上ロール10及び下ロール11は、同期駆動されており、上ロール10及び下ロール11の直前には、板材料の蛇行を防ぐために、縦ロールの中央部に板厚程度の溝が切られたサイドガイド12が設けられている。 The example of sectional drawing of the separator manufactured with the manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this invention is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of constructing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack using a separator manufactured according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, the pattern of the uneven portion on the surface is transferred to the plate material by pressing the material to be shaped with the upper roll 10 and the lower roll 11, which are a pair of mold rolls whose surfaces are processed to be uneven. An example of a pair of upper and lower rolls that continuously form the separator 1 by rotating while rotating is shown. The upper roll 10 and the lower roll 11 are driven synchronously, and immediately before the upper roll 10 and the lower roll 11, a groove having a thickness of about a plate thickness is cut in the center of the vertical roll in order to prevent meandering of the plate material. A side guide 12 is provided.

図4は、造装置の参考例である。金型上ロール10および金型下ロールからなる成形加工部の上流側と下流側に各々、入側ディフレクターロール21および出側ディフレクターロール22を配設し、ディフレクターロール21、22には、昇降装置23、24が具備されている。入側ディフレクターロール21を上下に昇降させることにより、入射角βを調節することができ、同様に出側ディフレクターロール22を上下に昇降させることにより反射角γを調節することができると共に金型下ロール11に被加工材料41が巻きつく巻き付け角度αを調節することができる。平坦度が良好なセパレータ形状を得るため、巻き付け角度αは、板コイル巻き癖起因の長手方向の湾曲や、成形加工起因による長手方向の湾曲、加工不均一によるうねりの大きさに従って、適正な値を設定する必要がある。例えば、成形加工後、図5に示すように上方に湾曲する形状が生じ、図6に示す湾曲量ωが存在する時は、図4に示す如く、金型下ロール11に巻き付け角度αで巻き付けて、湾曲方向と反対側に湾曲量ωを相殺しうる曲げ加工を施しながら成形する。その巻き付け角度の設定値は、成形加工後発生する湾曲量、成形加工時に生ずる被成形材41の歪み量、金型上ロール10、金型下ロール11と被成形材41間の摩擦係数、被成形材41に付与する板張力、成形加工部での潤滑状態等のさまざまな因子に影響され、通常、試行錯誤により種々のケースに対して最適値を探索する必要がある。 Figure 4 is a reference example of manufacturing apparatus. An inlet deflector roll 21 and an outlet deflector roll 22 are disposed on the upstream side and the downstream side of the molding portion comprising the mold upper roll 10 and the mold lower roll, respectively. 23 and 24 are provided. Incident angle β can be adjusted by raising and lowering entry side deflector roll 21 up and down, and reflection angle γ can be adjusted by raising and lowering output side deflector roll 22 up and down as well as below the mold. The winding angle α at which the work material 41 is wound around the roll 11 can be adjusted. In order to obtain a separator shape with good flatness, the winding angle α is an appropriate value according to the longitudinal curvature caused by the plate coil curl, the longitudinal curvature caused by the forming process, and the undulation caused by the processing non-uniformity. Need to be set. For example, after forming, when a shape that curves upward as shown in FIG. 5 occurs and the amount of curvature ω shown in FIG. 6 exists, the mold is wound around the lower roll 11 at a winding angle α as shown in FIG. Thus, the molding is performed while bending the bending amount ω on the opposite side to the bending direction. The set value of the winding angle includes the amount of bending that occurs after the molding process, the amount of distortion of the molding material 41 that occurs during the molding process, the friction coefficient between the mold upper roll 10, the mold lower roll 11 and the molding material 41, Depending on various factors such as the plate tension applied to the molding material 41 and the lubrication state at the molding portion, it is usually necessary to search for optimum values for various cases by trial and error.

図7には、成形加工後、下方に湾曲した形状が生じた場合に対応するため、入側ディフレクターロール21、出側ディフレクターロール22を上昇させ、被成形材41の通板パターンを変更して、金型上ロール10に被成形材41を巻き付けた状態を表している。また、入射角βと反射角γの値を異なる値で設定し、巻き付け角αを設定することもある。例えば、金型下ロール11がパンチ型(凸型)の金型で、被成形材41を金型上ロール10及び金型下ロール11でかみこむ際、パンチ型に被成形材41が馴染むように、反射角を大きくとる場合もある。   In FIG. 7, in order to cope with a case where a downward curved shape is generated after molding, the entry side deflector roll 21 and the exit side deflector roll 22 are raised, and the sheet passing pattern of the molding material 41 is changed. The state which wound the to-be-molded material 41 around the metal mold | die roll 10 is represented. Also, the wrapping angle α may be set by setting the incident angle β and the reflection angle γ to different values. For example, when the mold lower roll 11 is a punch mold (convex mold) and the molding material 41 is bitten by the mold upper roll 10 and the mold lower roll 11, the molding material 41 fits into the punch mold. In addition, the reflection angle may be increased.

図9には、本発明に係る上方および下方両方向に湾曲した波打ち状の形状が生じた場合の被成形材の矯正に対応する上下一対のロール配置を示す。上下一対のロール10、11の回転中心点を結んだ直線が、水平軸に対して斜めとなるように上下一対のロール10、11の回転中心軸を移動させ、尚且つ、被成形材41が所定の形状に成形できる上下一対のロール10、11のクリアランスを保持しつつ、上ロール10、下ロール11、被成形材41が同一接点で接触している。当該ロール配置において、板材料を成形すれば、曲げ、曲げ戻し変形を受けて残留応力が低減され、平坦なセパレータを得られる。上ロール10は被成形材41の入側に配置させて、斜めに配置してもよい。また、図10に示すように、前述の入側ディフレクターロール21、出側ディフレクターロールと組み合わせ、上下ロール10、11の回転中心軸を移動させて、巻付け角α1、β1を設定することも出来る。 FIG. 9 shows a pair of upper and lower roll arrangements corresponding to the correction of the material to be molded when the corrugated shape curved in both the upward and downward directions according to the present invention occurs. The rotation center axis of the pair of upper and lower rolls 10 and 11 is moved so that the straight line connecting the rotation center points of the pair of upper and lower rolls 10 and 11 is inclined with respect to the horizontal axis. The upper roll 10, the lower roll 11, and the molding material 41 are in contact at the same contact point while maintaining the clearance between the pair of upper and lower rolls 10 and 11 that can be molded into a predetermined shape. In the roll arrangement, if the plate material is molded, the residual stress is reduced due to bending and unbending deformation, and a flat separator can be obtained. The upper roll 10 may be disposed obliquely by being disposed on the entry side of the molding material 41. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the winding angles α1 and β1 can be set by moving the rotation center axes of the upper and lower rolls 10 and 11 in combination with the aforementioned entrance deflector roll 21 and exit deflector roll. .

[参考例]
参考例として直径250mm、長さ400mmの上下一対のロール表面に、図8に示すような凹凸パターンを機械加工により形成した。断面形状は図1に示すもので、凹凸部は幅200mm、長さ(弧長)150mmである。一方、上ロール及び下ロールの凸部は、曲率半径0.5mmの凸形状であり、底部は幅0.5mmの平滑面で、溝深さは0.5mmである。参考例として、下ロールに対する巻き付け角度αについては、ロール巻き付けを行わない場合における長手方向の湾曲形状の大きさを考慮し、巻き付け角度αを60度とし、入射角βを30度、反射角γを30度に設定した。上下一対のロールの材質はSKD11とし、被成形材は、板幅250mm、板厚0.1mmのオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼SUS316のコイルを用い、連続的にステンレス鋼板をセパレータ製造装置に供給した。上下一対のロールの位相及び軸方向を位置合わせした後、運転中に上下一対のロールの相対変位が発生しないように、サーボモータによる上下ロール回転同期手段を設けると共に、ロールの軸受けに精度等級の高い玉軸受けを採用した。参考例を用いることにより、湾曲のない平坦度の良好なセパレータを成形加工することができた。その後、適当な表面処理等を施した後、燃料電池スタックを構成し性能試験を行ったところ、ガス漏れや水漏れも発生せず、参考例の製造方法によるセパレータを用いて燃料電池として良好に機能することが確認された。
[Reference example]
As a reference example, an uneven pattern as shown in FIG. 8 was formed by machining on a pair of upper and lower roll surfaces having a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 400 mm. The cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIG. 1, and the uneven portion has a width of 200 mm and a length (arc length) of 150 mm. On the other hand, the convex portions of the upper roll and the lower roll are convex shapes having a curvature radius of 0.5 mm, the bottom portion is a smooth surface having a width of 0.5 mm, and the groove depth is 0.5 mm. As a reference example, regarding the winding angle α for the lower roll, considering the size of the curved shape in the longitudinal direction when the roll is not wound, the winding angle α is 60 degrees, the incident angle β is 30 degrees, and the reflection angle γ Was set to 30 degrees. The material of the pair of upper and lower rolls was SKD11, and the material to be molded was austenitic stainless steel SUS316 coil with a plate width of 250 mm and a plate thickness of 0.1 mm, and the stainless steel plate was continuously supplied to the separator manufacturing apparatus. After the phase and axial pair of upper and lower rolls aligned, so that the relative displacement of the pair of upper and lower rolls does not occur during operation, provided with a vertical roll rotation synchronizing means by the servo motor, the accuracy class to the role of bearing A high ball bearing was adopted. By using the reference example , it was possible to mold a separator having a good flatness without bending. Then, after performing appropriate surface treatment, etc., the fuel cell stack was configured and performance tests were conducted. Gas leaks and water leaks did not occur, and a fuel cell using a separator according to the production method of the reference example was favorable. Confirmed to work.

直径250mm、長さ400mmの上下一対のロール表面に、図8に示すような凹凸パターンを機械加工により形成した。断面形状は図1に示すもので、凹凸部は幅200mm、長さ(弧長)150mmである。また、上ロール及び下ロールの凸部は、曲率半径0.5mmの凸形状であり、底部は幅0.5mmの平滑面で、溝深さを0.4mmとした。本実施例では、図10に示すロール配置とし、ロール巻き付けを行わない場合における長手方向の湾曲形状の大きさを考慮し、下ロール11の巻き付け角度α1を60度とし、上ロール10の巻き付け角度β1を30度に設定した。上下一対のロールの材質はS45Cとし、被成形材は、板幅250mm、板厚0.12mmのオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼SUS304のコイルを用い、連続的にステンレス鋼板をセパレータ製造装置に供給した。その結果、発明を用いることにより、湾曲のない平坦度の良好なセパレータを成形加工することができた。 An uneven pattern as shown in FIG. 8 was formed by machining on a pair of upper and lower roll surfaces having a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 400 mm. The cross-sectional shape is as shown in FIG. 1, and the uneven portion has a width of 200 mm and a length (arc length) of 150 mm. Moreover, the convex part of the upper roll and the lower roll was a convex shape with a curvature radius of 0.5 mm, the bottom part was a smooth surface with a width of 0.5 mm, and the groove depth was 0.4 mm. In the present embodiment, the roll arrangement shown in FIG. 10 is considered, and the winding angle α1 of the lower roll 11 is set to 60 degrees in consideration of the size of the curved shape in the longitudinal direction when roll winding is not performed, and the winding angle of the upper roll 10 is set. β1 was set to 30 degrees. The material of the pair of upper and lower rolls was S45C, and the material to be formed was a coil of austenitic stainless steel SUS304 having a plate width of 250 mm and a plate thickness of 0.12 mm, and a stainless steel plate was continuously supplied to the separator manufacturing apparatus. As a result, by using the present invention, it was possible to mold a separator having no flatness and good flatness.

本発明により製造したセパレータの断面図の例である。It is an example of sectional drawing of the separator manufactured by this invention. 本発明により製造したセパレータを用いて固体高分子型燃料電池スタックを構築する一例を示した模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which showed an example which builds a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack using the separator manufactured by this invention. 上下ロールによるセパレータ製造装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the separator manufacturing apparatus by an up-and-down roll. 金型下ロールに板を巻き付けて成形加工する場合の製造装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in the case of carrying out a shaping | molding process by winding a board around a die lower roll. 成形加工後のセパレータの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the separator after a forming process. 成形加工後のセパレータの湾曲量を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the curvature amount of the separator after a shaping | molding process. 金型下ロールに板を巻き付けて成形加工する場合の製造装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in the case of carrying out a shaping | molding process by winding a board around a die lower roll. 金型ロール表面形状の例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of a metal mold | die roll surface shape. 金型上下ロールに板を巻き付けて成形加工する場合の製造装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in the case of carrying out a shaping | molding process by winding a board around a metal mold | die up-and-down roll. 金型上下ロールに板を巻き付けて成形加工する場合の他の製造装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the other manufacturing apparatus at the time of shape | molding by winding a board to a metal mold | die up-and-down roll.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1:セパレータ
2:シール板
3:電極(炭素繊維集電体)
4:固体高分子膜
10:金型上ロール(上ロール)
11:金型下ロール(下ロール)
12:サイドガイド
20:セパレータ成形加工面
21:入側ディフレクターロール
22:出側ディフレクターロール
23:入側昇降装置
24:出側昇降装置
41:被成形材
1: Separator 2: Seal plate 3: Electrode (carbon fiber current collector)
4: Solid polymer film 10: Mold upper roll (upper roll)
11: Mold lower roll (lower roll)
12: Side guide 20: Separator molding processing surface 21: Entrance side deflector roll 22: Exit side deflector roll 23: Entrance side lifting device 24: Exit side lifting device 41: Material to be molded

Claims (2)

周辺に平坦部を有し、周辺を除く部分はガス流路となる凸部及び凹部を有する固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータを製造する方法において、前記セパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工を表面に施した上下一対のロールが同一接点上で被成形材に接触し、且つ、上ロールの中心点と下ロールの中心点を結んだ直線が水平軸に対して斜めとなるように、上下一対のロールを配置させて、上ロールまたは下ロールに被成形材を巻き付けて曲げ加工を施しながら、前記セパレータを成形加工することを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ製造方法。 In a method for producing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator having a flat portion at the periphery and a portion other than the periphery having a convex portion and a concave portion that serve as a gas flow path, the shape is similar to the shape of the convex portion and the concave portion of the separator. A pair of upper and lower rolls with the uneven surface of the surface contact the material to be molded on the same contact, and a straight line connecting the center point of the upper roll and the center point of the lower roll is oblique to the horizontal axis A separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, characterized in that a pair of upper and lower rolls are arranged and the separator is molded while being bent by winding a molding material around the upper roll or the lower roll. Method. 周辺に平坦部を有し、周辺を除く部分はガス流路となる凸部及び凹部を有する固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータを製造する装置において、上下一対のロールが同一接点上で被成形材に接触し、且つ、上ロールの中心点と下ロールの中心点を結んだ直線が水平軸に対して斜めとなるように上下一対のロールが配置され、前記上下一対のロールは前記セパレータの凸部及び凹部の形状と相似形の凹凸加工が表面に施されていることを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ製造装置。 In an apparatus for manufacturing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator having a flat portion at the periphery and having a convex portion and a concave portion as gas flow paths in the portion other than the periphery, a pair of upper and lower rolls are formed on the same contact contacts the, and, as connecting the center point of the center point and the lower roll of the upper roll straight becomes oblique to the horizontal axis, a pair of upper and lower rolls are disposed, the pair of upper and lower rolls of the separator An apparatus for producing a separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, wherein the surface is subjected to uneven processing similar to the shape of the convex and concave portions.
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