JP3971689B2 - Inter-vehicle distance control device - Google Patents

Inter-vehicle distance control device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3971689B2
JP3971689B2 JP2002297603A JP2002297603A JP3971689B2 JP 3971689 B2 JP3971689 B2 JP 3971689B2 JP 2002297603 A JP2002297603 A JP 2002297603A JP 2002297603 A JP2002297603 A JP 2002297603A JP 3971689 B2 JP3971689 B2 JP 3971689B2
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Prior art keywords
inter
vehicle
detection
vehicle distance
distance
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JP2004132832A (en
Inventor
基一郎 澤本
宏行 安藤
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Controls For Constant Speed Travelling (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ドライバーが設定した目標車間距離を維持しながら先行車に追従走行するための車間距離制御装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
先行車との間に所定の車間距離を保って追従走行を行うための車間距離制御装置にはレーダー装置が用いられるが、そのレーダー装置のケーシングが泥や埃で汚れると検知可能距離が低下する場合がある。そこで、レーダー装置が送信した電磁波の路面からの反射波の受信強度を所定の閾値と比較することにより、汚れによるレーダー装置の物体検知性能の低下を判定するものが、下記特許文献により公知である。
【0003】
【特許文献】
特開平11−109030号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図5は、車間距離制御装置に用いられる車載用レーダー装置の検知距離(横軸)と検知レベル(縦軸)との関係を示すグラフの一例である。ラインCはレーダー装置が物体からの反射波を受信する検知レベルラインであり、自車からの距離が増加するに伴って検知レベルラインCは次第に低下する。ラインBはレーダー装置のノイズレベルラインであり、ノイズレベルは自車からの距離に関わらずに一定である。
【0005】
レーダー装置の前面に汚れが付着すると検知可能距離が減少するため、的確な車間距離制御が困難になる場合がある。レーダー装置が汚れておらず、正常な機能を発揮しているとき、その検知レベルラインはCであるとする。この場合、車間距離制御を行う全ての距離領域において、検知レベルラインCがノイズレベルラインBを上回っているため、ノイズによってレーダー装置の検知性能が損なわれる虞はない。
【0006】
レーダー装置の前面に汚れが付着し、検知レベルラインが本来のCからAまで低下したとする。このとき、検知距離D1で新たな検知レベルラインAとノイズレベルラインBとが交差するため、検知距離D1よりも手前位置(例えば、検知距離D2の位置)ではノイズレベルが検知レベルを下回るために物体を検知可能であるが、検知距離D1よりも遠方位置(例えば、検知距離D3の位置)ではノイズレベルが検知レベルを上回るために物体を検知不能になる。
【0007】
以上のように、仮に、必要な最大検知距離がD1に固定されているとすると、検知レベルラインAを判定のための閾値とし、検知距離がD1以下の領域で検知レベルが検知レベルラインAを上回っていればレーダー装置が正常であると判定し、検知レベルラインAを下回っていればレーダー装置が異常であると判定することができる。しかしながら、実際には、車間距離制御装置では目標車間距離がドライバーの設定により変化し、目標車間距離の増減に応じて必要検知距離も変化するため、判定のための閾値を検知レベルラインAに固定すると、次のような不具合が発生してしまう。
【0008】
即ち、図6(A)に示すように、目標車間距離が短くなったために必要検知距離がD1からD2に減少すると、異常検知を行う閾値は検知レベルラインA1からA2に移動するが、それを検知レベルラインA1のままに固定しておくと、検知レベルがY1−Y2−Z2−Z1の領域では物体を検知可能であるにも関わらず、閾値である検知レベルラインA1を下回っているために異常判定が行われてしまう問題がある。
【0009】
一方、図6(B)に示すように、目標車間距離が長くなったために必要検知距離がD1からD3に増加すると、異常検知を行う閾値は検知レベルラインA1からA3に移動するが、それを検知レベルラインA1のままに固定しておくと、検知レベルがY3−Y1−Z1−Z3の領域では物体を検知不能であるにも関わらず、閾値である検知レベルラインA1を上回っているために正常判定が行われてしまう問題がある。
【0010】
本発明は前述の事情に鑑みてなされたもので、車間距離制御を行うための必要検知距離が変化しても、送受信手段の性能低下を確実に判定できるようにすることを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載された発明によれば、電磁波を送信して該電磁波の物体からの反射波を受信する送受信手段と、送受信手段の受信信号に基づいて物体との距離および物体との相対速度の少なくとも何れかを算出する物体検知手段と、物体検知手段の検知結果に基づいて自車が追従すべき先行車を判定する先行車判定手段と、自車および先行車間の目標車間距離を設定する目標車間距離設定手段と、実際の車間距離が目標車間距離設定手段により設定された目標車間距離に一致するように自車を加速あるいは減速する車間距離制御手段とを備えた車間距離制御装置において、送受信手段の機能が 正常であるときの物体の距離に応じた信号レベルを予め基準信号レベルとして記憶する基準信号レベル記憶手段と、送受信手段の性能低下を判定する送受信性能低下判定手段とを備え、送受信性能低下判定手段は、基準信号レベル記憶手段に記憶されている基準信号レベルと、送受信手段の受信信号中に含まれるノイズレベルと、車間距離制御手段が車間距離制御を行うために必要な物体検知手段の必要検知距離とに基づいて、検知距離を横軸として検知レベルを縦軸としたグラフ上にノイズレベルラインと必要検知距離のラインとの交点を通る位置まで基準信号レベルラインを下方に平行移動した感度低下検知レベルラインを設定し、送受信手段により検知された先行車からの反射波の受信レベルが前記感度低下検知レベルラインを下回る場合に、送受信手段の性能が必要検知距離における物体検知には不充分であると判定することを特徴とする車間距離制御装置が提案される。
【0012】
上記構成によれば、送受信性能低下判定手段が、基準信号レベルと、受信信号中に含まれるノイズレベルと、車間距離制御を行うために必要な必要検知距離とに基づいて送受信手段の感度低下検知レベルラインを設定するので、必要検知距離が変化した場合でも、そのときの必要検知距離に応じた適切な感度低下検知レベルラインを設定して送受信手段の性能低下を確実に判定することができる。
【0013】
特に、検知距離を横軸として検知レベルを縦軸としたグラフ上にノイズレベルラインと必要検知距離のラインとの交点を通る位置まで基準信号レベルラインを下方に平行移動した感度低下検知レベルラインを設定し、送受信手段により検知された先行車からの反射波の受信レベルが前記感度低下検知レベルラインを下回る場合に、送受信手段の性能が必要検知距離における物体検知には不充分であると判定するので、必要検知距離に対して感度低下検知レベルラインが高すぎるために、正常なのに異常判定がなされる事態や、必要検知距離に対して感度低下検知レベルラインが低すぎるために、異常なのに正常判定がなされる事態を確実に回避することができる。
【0014】
また請求項2に記載された発明によれば、請求項1の構成に加えて、送受信性能低下判定手段の出力に基づいて先行車に対する車間距離制御を中止するか否かを判定する車間距離制御中止判定手段を備えたことを特徴とする車間距離制御装置が提案される。
【0015】
上記構成によれば、車間距離制御中止判定手段が、送受信性能低下判定手段の出力に基づいて先行車に対する車間距離制御を中止するか否かを判定するので、送受信手段の送受信性能が低下して先行車を確実に検知できなくなったときに車間距離制御を中止することができる。
【0016】
また請求項3に記載された発明によれば、請求項1または請求項2の構成に加えて、車間距離制御手段が車間距離制御を行うために必要な物体検知手段の必要検知距離を設定する必要検知距離設定手段を備え、必要検知距離設定手段は、車間距離制御手段が車間距離制御を行う際の目標車間距離に基づいて必要検知距離を設定することを特徴とする車間距離制御装置が提案される。
【0017】
上記構成によれば、必要検知距離設定手段が、車間距離制御を行う際の目標車間距離に基づいて必要検知距離を設定するので、目標車間距離の増減に応じて必要検知距離を増減させることができ、目標車間距離の大小に関わらずに送受信手段の性能低下を確実に判定することができ、更に送受信手段の性能を最大限に活用することができる。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、添付図面に示した本発明の実施例に基づいて説明する。
【0019】
図1〜図4は本発明の一実施例を示すもので、図1は車間距離制御装置の制御系のブロック図、図2は車間距離制御装置の作用を説明するフローチャート、図3は必要検知距離が大きい場合の感度低下検知レベルラインを説明する図、図4は必要検知距離が小さい場合の感度低下検知レベルラインを説明する図である。
【0020】
図1に示すように、自車と先行車との車間距離を目標車間距離に維持する車間距離制御を行うための車間距離制御装置の電子制御ユニットUは、物体検知手段M1と、先行車判定手段M2と、目標車間距離設定手段M3と、車間距離制御手段M4と、基準信号レベル記憶手段M5と、送受信性能低下判定手段M6と、車間距離制御中止判定手段M7と、必要検知距離設定手段M8とを備えており、物体検知手段M1にはレーザーレーダー装置やミリ波レーダー装置の送受信手段11が接続され、目標車間距離設定手段M3には車頭時間を設定する車頭時間設定手段13と、自車の車速を検出する車速検出手段13とが接続され、車間距離制御手段M4には車輪ブレーキの作動を制御するブレーキアクチュエータ14と、エンジンのスロットルバルブの開度を制御するスロットルアクチュエータ15とが接続される。
【0021】
物体検知手段M1は、送受信手段11から送信した電磁波が物体に反射された反射波を受信することで、自車の前方に存在する物体の距離、方向および相対速度を判定する。先行車判定手段M2は、自車のヨーレート、操舵角、車速等から推定した自車の予想軌跡上に存在する移動体を先行車として判定するとともに、その先行車からの反射波の受信レベルを算出する。目標車間距離設定手段M3は、車速検出手段12で検出した自車の車速と、車頭時間設定手段13で設定した車頭時間とを乗算することで、自車と先行車との目標車間距離を設定する。車頭時間とは、自車が現在の車速で走行を続けたときに現在の先行車の位置に達するまでの時間であり、例えば「L」(長)、「M」(中)、「S」(短)の3種類のうちの何れかを選択可能である。
【0022】
車間距離制御手段M4は、実際の車間距離が目標車間距離よりも短ければブレーキアクチュエータ14を介して車輪ブレーキを作動させ、あるいはスロットルアクチュエータ15を介してスロットルバルブを閉弁制御することで自車を減速し、実際の車間距離を目標車間距離に一致させる。また実際の車間距離が目標車間距離よりも長ければ、スロットルアクチュエータ15を介してスロットルバルブを開弁制御することで自車を増速し、実際の車間距離を目標車間距離に一致させる。
【0023】
基準信号レベル記憶手段M5は、送受信手段11の機能が正常であるときの反射波の受信レベルを基準信号レベルとして予め記憶する。この基準信号レベルは自車からの距離が増加するに伴ってリニアに減少する。
【0024】
送受信性能低下判定手段M6は、基準信号レベル記憶手段M5に記憶された基準信号レベルと、物体検知手段M1により得られた反射波の受信レベルデータと、必要検知距離設定手段M8において設定された、車間距離制御手段M4が車間距離制御を行う際に必要とする必要検知距離とに基づいて、送受信手段11が性能低下状態にあるか否かを判定する。
【0025】
車間距離制御中止判定手段M7は、送受信性能低下判定手段M6で判定した送受信手段11の性能低下状態に基づいて、車間距離制御手段M4による車間距離制御を中止するか否かを判定する。
【0026】
必要検知距離設定手段M8は、車間距離制御手段M4が車間距離制御を行う際の目標車間距離に基づいて、その目標車間距離を充分にカバーできる距離を必要検知距離として設定する。つまり、必要検知距離は、車間距離制御中に実際の車間距離が目標車間距離を超えた場合でも、先行車を確実に検知できるように余裕をもって設定される。
【0027】
次に、本実施例の作用を図2のフローチャートに基づいて説明する。
【0028】
先ずステップS1で、先行車判定手段M2により先行車からの反射波の受信レベルの過去T1時間分のデータを確保する。続くステップS2で、車間距離制御手段M4が必要検知距離Dを算出する。車間距離制御手段M4は、目標車間距離設定手段M3で設定した目標車間距離に基づいて車間距離制御を行うもので、その目標車間距離に所定のマージンを加えた距離が必要検知距離Dとなる。図3の例では必要検知距離Dが比較的に長いDaであり、図4の例では必要検知距離Dが比較的に短いDbである。
【0029】
続くステップS3で、送受信性能低下判定手段M6が必要検知距離Dに基づいて感度低下検知レベルラインAを設定する。感度低下検知レベルラインAは、ノイズレベルラインBと必要検知距離Dのラインとの交点を通る位置まで、基準信号レベルラインCを下方に平行移動させたラインである。図3の例では必要検知距離Dが比較的に長いDaであるため、基準信号レベルラインCを基準とした感度低下検知レベルラインAaのレベル減少量Laは比較的に小さくなり、図4の例では必要検知距離Dが比較的に短いDbであるため、基準信号レベルラインCを基準とした感度低下検知レベルラインAbのレベル減少量Lbは比較的に大きくなる。
【0030】
続くステップS4で、受信レベルの過去T1時間分のデータのうち、受信レベルのデータが感度低下検知レベルラインAを下回るトータルの時間T2を算出する。そしてステップS5で、所定値Rを0<R<1としたときに、T2/T1>Rが成立すれば、つまり受信レベルのデータが感度低下検知レベルラインAを下回るトータルの時間T2が長ければ、送受信性能低下判定手段M6が送受信手段11の性能が低下したと判定し、ステップS6で、車間距離制御中止判定手段M7が車間距離制御装置M4の作動を中止する。
【0031】
以上のように、車間距離制御中に目標車間距離が変化しても、目標車間距離に応じて(つまり必要検知距離Dに応じて)基準信号レベルラインCを下方に平行移動させることで感度低下検知レベルラインAを設定するので、目標車間距離に対して感度低下検知レベルラインAが高すぎるために、正常なのに異常判定がなされる事態(図6(A)参照)や、目標車間距離に対して感度低下検知レベルラインAが低すぎるために、異常なのに正常判定がなされる事態(図6(B)参照)を確実に回避し、送受信手段11の劣化を確実に判定することができる。
【0032】
しかも、送受信手段11の劣化が判定されると車間距離制御が中止されるので、先行車を確実に検知できない状態で車間距離制御が続行されるのを防止することができる。
【0033】
以上、本発明の実施例を説明したが、本発明はその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の設計変更を行うことが可能である。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
以上のように請求項1に記載された発明によれば、送受信性能低下判定手段が、基準信号レベルと、受信信号中に含まれるノイズレベルと、車間距離制御を行うために必要な必要検知距離とに基づいて送受信手段の感度低下検知レベルラインを設定するので、必要検知距離が変化した場合でも、そのときの必要検知距離に応じた適切な感度低下検知レベルラインを設定して送受信手段の性能低下を確実に判定することができる。
【0035】
特に、検知距離を横軸として検知レベルを縦軸としたグラフ上にノイズレベルラインと必要検知距離のラインとの交点を通る位置まで基準信号レベルラインを下方に平行移動した感度低下検知レベルラインを設定し、送受信手段により検知された先行車からの反射波 の受信レベルが前記感度低下検知レベルラインを下回る場合に、送受信手段の性能が必要検知距離における物体検知には不充分であると判定するので、必要検知距離に対して感度低下検知レベルラインが高すぎるために、正常なのに異常判定がなされる事態や、必要検知距離に対して感度低下検知レベルラインが低すぎるために、異常なのに正常判定がなされる事態を確実に回避することができる。
【0036】
また請求項2に記載された発明によれば、車間距離制御中止判定手段が、送受信性能低下判定手段の出力に基づいて先行車に対する車間距離制御を中止するか否かを判定するので、送受信手段の送受信性能が低下して先行車を確実に検知できなくなったときに車間距離制御を中止することができる。
【0037】
また請求項3に記載された発明によれば、必要検知距離設定手段が、車間距離制御を行う際の目標車間距離に基づいて必要検知距離を設定するので、目標車間距離の増減に応じて必要検知距離を増減させることができ、目標車間距離の大小に関わらずに送受信手段の性能低下を確実に判定することができ、更に送受信手段の性能を最大限に活用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 車間距離制御装置の制御系のブロック図
【図2】 車間距離制御装置の作用を説明するフローチャート
【図3】 必要検知距離が大きい場合の感度低下検知レベルラインを説明する図
【図4】 必要検知距離が小さい場合の感度低下検知レベルラインを説明する図
【図5】 従来の送受信手段の性能低下の判定基準を説明する図
【図6】 異常検知を行う検知レベルラインを固定した場合の問題点を説明する図
【符号の説明】
M1 物体検知手段
M2 先行車判定手段
M3 目標車間距離設定手段
M4 車間距離制御手段
M5 基準信号レベル記憶手段
M6 送受信性能低下判定手段
M7 車間距離制御中止判定手段
M8 必要検知距離設定手段
11 送受信手段
12 車速検出手段
13 車頭時間設定手段
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an inter-vehicle distance control device for traveling following a preceding vehicle while maintaining a target inter-vehicle distance set by a driver.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A radar device is used as an inter-vehicle distance control device for following the vehicle while maintaining a predetermined inter-vehicle distance from the preceding vehicle. However, if the casing of the radar device is contaminated with mud or dust, the detectable distance decreases. There is a case. Therefore, it is known from the following patent document that the deterioration of the object detection performance of the radar device due to dirt is determined by comparing the reception intensity of the reflected wave from the road surface of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the radar device with a predetermined threshold. .
[0003]
[Patent Literature]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-109030
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
FIG. 5 is an example of a graph showing the relationship between the detection distance (horizontal axis) and the detection level (vertical axis) of the in-vehicle radar device used in the inter-vehicle distance control device. Line C is a detection level line in which the radar device receives a reflected wave from an object, and the detection level line C gradually decreases as the distance from the host vehicle increases. Line B is a noise level line of the radar device, and the noise level is constant regardless of the distance from the vehicle.
[0005]
If dirt is attached to the front surface of the radar device, the detectable distance is reduced, so that accurate inter-vehicle distance control may be difficult. It is assumed that the detection level line is C when the radar device is not dirty and is functioning normally. In this case, since the detection level line C exceeds the noise level line B in all distance regions where the inter-vehicle distance control is performed, there is no possibility that the detection performance of the radar apparatus is impaired by noise.
[0006]
It is assumed that dirt is attached to the front surface of the radar device and the detection level line is lowered from the original C to A. At this time, since the new detection level line A and the noise level line B intersect at the detection distance D1, the noise level is lower than the detection level at a position before the detection distance D1 (for example, the position of the detection distance D2). Although the object can be detected, the object cannot be detected because the noise level exceeds the detection level at a position farther than the detection distance D1 (for example, the position at the detection distance D3).
[0007]
As described above, if the required maximum detection distance is fixed to D1, the detection level line A is set as a threshold for determination, and the detection level is set to the detection level line A in an area where the detection distance is equal to or less than D1. If it is above, it can be determined that the radar device is normal, and if it is below the detection level line A, it can be determined that the radar device is abnormal. However, in actuality, in the inter-vehicle distance control device, the target inter-vehicle distance changes according to the driver's setting, and the necessary detection distance also changes according to the increase / decrease in the target inter-vehicle distance, so the threshold for determination is fixed to the detection level line A Then, the following problems occur.
[0008]
That is, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), when the required detection distance decreases from D1 to D2 because the target inter-vehicle distance has become shorter, the threshold for performing abnormality detection moves from the detection level line A1 to A2, If the detection level line A1 is fixed, the detection level is lower than the detection level line A1, which is the threshold, even though the object can be detected in the region of Y1-Y2-Z2-Z1. There is a problem that abnormality determination is performed.
[0009]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the required detection distance increases from D1 to D3 because the target inter-vehicle distance has increased, the threshold for detecting abnormality moves from the detection level line A1 to A3. If the detection level line A1 is fixed as it is, the detection level exceeds the detection level line A1 that is the threshold value even though the object cannot be detected in the area of Y3-Y1-Z1-Z3. There is a problem that normal judgment is performed.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to reliably determine a decrease in performance of a transmission / reception unit even if a necessary detection distance for performing inter-vehicle distance control changes.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a transmission / reception unit that transmits an electromagnetic wave and receives a reflected wave from the object of the electromagnetic wave, and an object based on a reception signal of the transmission / reception unit Object detection means for calculating at least one of the distance and the relative speed with respect to the object, preceding vehicle determination means for determining the preceding vehicle that the own vehicle should follow based on the detection result of the object detection means, the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle Target inter-vehicle distance setting means for setting a target inter-vehicle distance, and inter-vehicle distance control means for accelerating or decelerating the own vehicle so that the actual inter-vehicle distance matches the target inter-vehicle distance set by the target inter-vehicle distance setting means. the inter-vehicle distance control device including a reference signal level storing unit that functions of the transmitting and receiving means is stored in advance as a reference signal level the signal level corresponding to the distance of the object when it is normal, transmission and reception A transmission / reception performance deterioration determining means for determining the performance deterioration of the means, wherein the transmission / reception performance deterioration determination means includes a reference signal level stored in the reference signal level storage means, and a noise level included in the reception signal of the transmission / reception means. Based on the required detection distance of the object detection means required for the inter-vehicle distance control means to perform the inter-vehicle distance control , the noise level line and the required detection distance on the graph with the detection distance as the horizontal axis and the detection level as the vertical axis A sensitivity reduction detection level line is set in which the reference signal level line is translated downward to a position passing through the intersection with the other line, and the reception level of the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle detected by the transmission / reception means is the sensitivity reduction detection level line. If below, the inter-vehicle distance control, characterized in that determined to be insufficient to object detection in need detection distance performance of the transmitting and receiving means Location is proposed.
[0012]
According to the above configuration, the transmission / reception performance deterioration determining means detects the sensitivity reduction of the transmission / reception means based on the reference signal level, the noise level included in the received signal, and the necessary detection distance required for performing the inter-vehicle distance control. Since the level line is set, even when the required detection distance changes, it is possible to set the appropriate sensitivity reduction detection level line according to the required detection distance at that time and reliably determine the performance deterioration of the transmission / reception means.
[0013]
In particular, on the graph with the detection distance as the horizontal axis and the detection level as the vertical axis, the desensitization detection level line that is translated downward from the reference signal level line to a position that passes through the intersection of the noise level line and the required detection distance line. When the reception level of the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle detected by the transmission / reception means is below the sensitivity lowering detection level line, it is determined that the performance of the transmission / reception means is insufficient for object detection at the necessary detection distance. So, because the sensitivity level detection level line is too high for the required detection distance, it is normal to make an abnormality determination, or because the sensitivity reduction detection level line is too low for the required detection distance, it is normal even though it is abnormal It is possible to reliably avoid the situation where
[0014]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the inter-vehicle distance control for determining whether to stop the inter-vehicle distance control for the preceding vehicle based on the output of the transmission / reception performance degradation determining means. There is proposed an inter-vehicle distance control device characterized in that it includes stop determination means.
[0015]
According to the above configuration, since the inter-vehicle distance control stop determining unit determines whether to stop the inter-vehicle distance control for the preceding vehicle based on the output of the transmission / reception performance decrease determining unit, the transmission / reception performance of the transmitting / receiving unit decreases. The inter-vehicle distance control can be stopped when the preceding vehicle cannot be reliably detected.
[0016]
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the configuration of claim 1 or claim 2, the necessary detection distance of the object detection means required for the inter-vehicle distance control means to perform the inter-vehicle distance control is set. A required inter-vehicle distance control device is provided, which includes a necessary detection distance setting unit, and the necessary detection distance setting unit sets the necessary detection distance based on a target inter-vehicle distance when the inter-vehicle distance control unit performs inter-vehicle distance control. Is done.
[0017]
According to the above configuration, since the necessary detection distance setting means sets the necessary detection distance based on the target inter-vehicle distance when performing the inter-vehicle distance control, the necessary detection distance can be increased or decreased according to the increase or decrease of the target inter-vehicle distance. In addition, it is possible to reliably determine the performance degradation of the transmission / reception means regardless of the target inter-vehicle distance, and to further maximize the performance of the transmission / reception means.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.
[0019]
1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an inter-vehicle distance control device, FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the inter-vehicle distance control device, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a sensitivity reduction detection level line when the required detection distance is small. FIG.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic control unit U of the inter-vehicle distance control device for performing inter-vehicle distance control for maintaining the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle at the target inter-vehicle distance includes an object detection unit M1 and a preceding vehicle determination. Means M2, target inter-vehicle distance setting means M3, inter-vehicle distance control means M4, reference signal level storage means M5, transmission / reception performance degradation determination means M6, inter-vehicle distance control stop determination means M7, and necessary detection distance setting means M8 The object detection means M1 is connected to a transmission / reception means 11 of a laser radar device or a millimeter wave radar device, the target inter-vehicle distance setting means M3 is a vehicle head time setting means 13 for setting the vehicle head time, and the own vehicle The vehicle speed detecting means 13 for detecting the vehicle speed of the vehicle is connected. The inter-vehicle distance control means M4 includes a brake actuator 14 for controlling the operation of the wheel brake, and an engine throttle. A throttle actuator 15 for controlling lube opening is connected.
[0021]
The object detection means M1 determines the distance, direction, and relative speed of the object existing in front of the host vehicle by receiving the reflected wave in which the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the transmission / reception means 11 is reflected by the object. The preceding vehicle determination means M2 determines a moving body existing on the predicted trajectory of the own vehicle estimated from the yaw rate, steering angle, vehicle speed, etc. of the own vehicle as the preceding vehicle, and determines the reception level of the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle. calculate. The target inter-vehicle distance setting unit M3 sets the target inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle by multiplying the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed detection unit 12 and the vehicle head time set by the vehicle head time setting unit 13. To do. The vehicle head time is the time required for the vehicle to reach the current position of the preceding vehicle when the vehicle continues traveling at the current vehicle speed. For example, “L” (long), “M” (medium), “S” Any one of the three types (short) can be selected.
[0022]
The inter-vehicle distance control means M4 operates the wheel brake via the brake actuator 14 if the actual inter-vehicle distance is shorter than the target inter-vehicle distance, or closes the throttle valve via the throttle actuator 15 to control the own vehicle. Decelerate to make the actual inter-vehicle distance match the target inter-vehicle distance. If the actual inter-vehicle distance is longer than the target inter-vehicle distance, the own vehicle is accelerated by opening the throttle valve via the throttle actuator 15, and the actual inter-vehicle distance is matched with the target inter-vehicle distance.
[0023]
The reference signal level storage means M5 stores in advance the reception level of the reflected wave when the function of the transmission / reception means 11 is normal as the reference signal level. This reference signal level decreases linearly as the distance from the vehicle increases.
[0024]
The transmission / reception performance degradation determination means M6 is set in the reference signal level stored in the reference signal level storage means M5, the reception level data of the reflected wave obtained by the object detection means M1, and the necessary detection distance setting means M8. It is determined whether or not the transmission / reception means 11 is in a degraded state based on the necessary detection distance required when the inter-vehicle distance control means M4 performs the inter-vehicle distance control.
[0025]
The inter-vehicle distance control stop determining means M7 determines whether to stop the inter-vehicle distance control by the inter-vehicle distance control means M4 based on the performance deterioration state of the transmitting / receiving means 11 determined by the transmission / reception performance decrease determining means M6.
[0026]
The necessary detection distance setting means M8 sets a distance that can sufficiently cover the target inter-vehicle distance as the necessary detection distance based on the target inter-vehicle distance when the inter-vehicle distance control means M4 performs the inter-vehicle distance control. That is, the necessary detection distance is set with a margin so that the preceding vehicle can be reliably detected even when the actual inter-vehicle distance exceeds the target inter-vehicle distance during inter-vehicle distance control.
[0027]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
[0028]
First, in step S1, data for the past T1 hours of the reception level of the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle is secured by the preceding vehicle determination means M2. In subsequent step S2, the inter-vehicle distance control means M4 calculates the necessary detection distance D. The inter-vehicle distance control means M4 performs inter-vehicle distance control based on the target inter-vehicle distance set by the target inter-vehicle distance setting means M3. The distance obtained by adding a predetermined margin to the target inter-vehicle distance becomes the necessary detection distance D. In the example of FIG. 3, the necessary detection distance D is Da that is relatively long, and in the example of FIG. 4, the necessary detection distance D is Db that is relatively short.
[0029]
In subsequent step S3, the transmission / reception performance degradation determination means M6 sets the sensitivity degradation detection level line A based on the necessary detection distance D. The sensitivity reduction detection level line A is a line obtained by translating the reference signal level line C downward to a position passing through the intersection of the noise level line B and the line of the necessary detection distance D. In the example of FIG. 3, since the necessary detection distance D is relatively long Da, the level decrease amount La of the sensitivity decrease detection level line Aa with reference to the reference signal level line C is relatively small, and the example of FIG. Then, since the necessary detection distance D is relatively short Db, the level decrease amount Lb of the sensitivity decrease detection level line Ab with respect to the reference signal level line C is relatively large.
[0030]
In subsequent step S4, the total time T2 during which the data of the reception level falls below the sensitivity reduction detection level line A among the data for the past T1 hours of the reception level is calculated. In step S5, if T2 / T1> R is satisfied when the predetermined value R is 0 <R <1, that is, if the total time T2 when the data of the reception level falls below the sensitivity decrease detection level line A is long. Then, the transmission / reception performance decrease determination means M6 determines that the performance of the transmission / reception means 11 has deteriorated, and in step S6, the inter-vehicle distance control stop determination means M7 stops the operation of the inter-vehicle distance control device M4.
[0031]
As described above, even if the target inter-vehicle distance changes during the inter-vehicle distance control, the sensitivity is lowered by translating the reference signal level line C downward according to the target inter-vehicle distance (that is, according to the necessary detection distance D). Since the detection level line A is set, the sensitivity reduction detection level line A is too high with respect to the target inter-vehicle distance, so that an abnormality determination is made even though it is normal (see FIG. 6A), and the target inter-vehicle distance Since the sensitivity drop detection level line A is too low, it is possible to reliably avoid the situation where the normal determination is made even though it is abnormal (see FIG. 6B), and to determine the deterioration of the transmission / reception means 11 reliably.
[0032]
In addition, since the inter-vehicle distance control is stopped when the deterioration of the transmission / reception means 11 is determined, it is possible to prevent the inter-vehicle distance control from being continued in a state where the preceding vehicle cannot be reliably detected.
[0033]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the transmission / reception performance degradation determining unit is required to perform the reference signal level, the noise level included in the received signal, and the inter-vehicle distance control. since setting the sensitivity drop detection level line transceiver means on the basis of the bets, the required even when the detection distance changes, transmitting and receiving means set the appropriate sensitivity drop detection level line corresponding to the required detection distance at that time performance A decrease can be reliably determined.
[0035]
In particular, on the graph with the detection distance as the horizontal axis and the detection level as the vertical axis, the desensitization detection level line that is translated downward from the reference signal level line to a position that passes through the intersection of the noise level line and the required detection distance line. When the reception level of the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle detected by the transmission / reception means is below the sensitivity lowering detection level line, it is determined that the performance of the transmission / reception means is insufficient for object detection at the necessary detection distance. So, because the sensitivity level detection level line is too high for the required detection distance, it is normal to make an abnormality determination, or because the sensitivity reduction detection level line is too low for the required detection distance, it is normal even though it is abnormal It is possible to reliably avoid the situation where
[0036]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the inter-vehicle distance control stop determination means determines whether to stop the inter-vehicle distance control for the preceding vehicle based on the output of the transmission / reception performance deterioration determination means. When the transmission / reception performance of the vehicle decreases and the preceding vehicle cannot be detected reliably, the inter-vehicle distance control can be stopped.
[0037]
According to the third aspect of the invention, the necessary detection distance setting means sets the necessary detection distance based on the target inter-vehicle distance when performing the inter-vehicle distance control. It is possible to increase or decrease the detection distance, to reliably determine the performance degradation of the transmission / reception means regardless of the target inter-vehicle distance, and to maximize the performance of the transmission / reception means.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an inter-vehicle distance control device. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the inter-vehicle distance control device. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a sensitivity reduction detection level line when a necessary detection distance is large. 4] A diagram for explaining a detection level line for lowering the sensitivity when the required detection distance is small. [FIG. 5] A diagram for explaining a judgment criterion for a performance drop of a conventional transmitting / receiving means. [FIG. 6] A detection level line for detecting an abnormality is fixed. Figure explaining the problem in case [Explanation of symbols]
M1 Object detection means M2 Predecessor vehicle determination means M3 Target inter-vehicle distance setting means M4 Inter-vehicle distance control means M5 Reference signal level storage means M6 Transmission / reception performance degradation determination means M7 Inter-vehicle distance control stop determination means M8 Necessary detection distance setting means 11 Transmission / reception means 12 Vehicle speed Detection means 13 Vehicle head time setting means

Claims (3)

電磁波を送信して該電磁波の物体からの反射波を受信する送受信手段(11)と、
送受信手段(11)の受信信号に基づいて物体との距離および物体との相対速度の少なくとも何れかを算出する物体検知手段(M1)と、
物体検知手段(M1)の検知結果に基づいて自車が追従すべき先行車を判定する先行車判定手段(M2)と、
自車および先行車間の目標車間距離を設定する目標車間距離設定手段(M3)と、
実際の車間距離が目標車間距離設定手段(M3)により設定された目標車間距離に一致するように自車を加速あるいは減速する車間距離制御手段(M4)と、を備えた車間距離制御装置において、
送受信手段(11)の機能が正常であるときの物体の距離に応じた信号レベルを予め基準信号レベルとして記憶する基準信号レベル記憶手段(M5)と、送受信手段(11)の性能低下を判定する送受信性能低下判定手段(M6)とを備え、
送受信性能低下判定手段(M6)は、基準信号レベル記憶手段(M5)に記憶されている基準信号レベルと、送受信手段(11)の受信信号中に含まれるノイズレベルと、車間距離制御手段(M4)が車間距離制御を行うために必要な物体検知手段(M1)の必要検知距離とに基づいて、検知距離を横軸として検知レベルを縦軸としたグラフ上にノイズレベルラインと必要検知距離のラインとの交点を通る位置まで基準信号レベルラインを下方に平行移動した感度低下検知レベルラインを設定し、送受信手段(11)により検知された先行車からの反射波の受信レベルが前記感度低下検知レベルラインを下回る場合に、送受信手段(11)の性能が必要検知距離における物体検知には不充分であると判定することを特徴とする車間距離制御装置。
Transmitting / receiving means (11) for transmitting electromagnetic waves and receiving reflected waves from the object of the electromagnetic waves;
Object detection means (M1) for calculating at least one of the distance to the object and the relative speed with the object based on the received signal of the transmission / reception means (11);
A preceding vehicle determining means (M2) for determining a preceding vehicle that the host vehicle should follow based on the detection result of the object detecting means (M1);
Target inter-vehicle distance setting means (M3) for setting the target inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle;
In an inter-vehicle distance control device comprising an inter-vehicle distance control means (M4) for accelerating or decelerating the host vehicle so that the actual inter-vehicle distance matches the target inter-vehicle distance set by the target inter-vehicle distance setting means (M3).
A reference signal level storage unit (M5) that stores a signal level corresponding to the distance of the object when the function of the transmission / reception unit (11) is normal as a reference signal level in advance, and a performance degradation of the transmission / reception unit (11) is determined. A transmission / reception performance degradation determining means (M6),
The transmission / reception performance degradation determining means (M6) includes a reference signal level stored in the reference signal level storage means (M5), a noise level included in the received signal of the transmission / reception means (11), and an inter-vehicle distance control means (M4). ) On the graph with the detection distance as the horizontal axis and the detection level as the vertical axis based on the required detection distance of the object detection means (M1) required for the inter-vehicle distance control . A sensitivity reduction detection level line is set in which the reference signal level line is translated downward to a position passing through the intersection with the line, and the reception level of the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle detected by the transmission / reception means (11) is detected as the sensitivity reduction detection. when below the level line, distance control instrumentation, characterized in that determined to be insufficient to object detection in need detection distance performance of the transmitting and receiving means (11) .
送受信性能低下判定手段(M6)の出力に基づいて先行車に対する車間距離制御を中止するか否かを判定する車間距離制御中止判定手段(M7)を備えたことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の車間距離制御装置。  The inter-vehicle distance control stop determining means (M7) for determining whether to stop the inter-vehicle distance control for the preceding vehicle based on the output of the transmission / reception performance deterioration determining means (M6) is provided. The inter-vehicle distance control device described. 車間距離制御手段(M4)が車間距離制御を行うために必要な物体検知手段(11)の必要検知距離を設定する必要検知距離設定手段(M8)を備え、必要検知距離設定手段(M8)は、車間距離制御手段(M4)が車間距離制御を行う際の目標車間距離に基づいて必要検知距離を設定することを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の車間距離制御装置。  The inter-vehicle distance control means (M4) includes necessary detection distance setting means (M8) for setting the necessary detection distance of the object detection means (11) necessary for performing the inter-vehicle distance control, and the necessary detection distance setting means (M8) The inter-vehicle distance control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inter-vehicle distance control means (M4) sets a necessary detection distance based on a target inter-vehicle distance when performing inter-vehicle distance control.
JP2002297603A 2002-10-10 2002-10-10 Inter-vehicle distance control device Expired - Fee Related JP3971689B2 (en)

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