JP3859771B2 - Vacuum multi-layer glass and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Vacuum multi-layer glass and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3859771B2
JP3859771B2 JP15580696A JP15580696A JP3859771B2 JP 3859771 B2 JP3859771 B2 JP 3859771B2 JP 15580696 A JP15580696 A JP 15580696A JP 15580696 A JP15580696 A JP 15580696A JP 3859771 B2 JP3859771 B2 JP 3859771B2
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Prior art keywords
glass
vacuum
tube
glass tube
plate
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JPH102161A (en
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修 浅野
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Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
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Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
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Application filed by Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
Priority to JP15580696A priority Critical patent/JP3859771B2/en
Priority to TW086106753A priority patent/TW341615B/en
Priority to KR1019980700692A priority patent/KR19990036027A/en
Priority to PCT/JP1997/001841 priority patent/WO1997048650A1/en
Priority to CN97190721A priority patent/CN1195334A/en
Priority to IDP972051A priority patent/ID17172A/en
Publication of JPH102161A publication Critical patent/JPH102161A/en
Priority to JP2000207114A priority patent/JP3828341B2/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
    • E06B3/6775—Evacuating or filling the gap during assembly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
    • E06B3/66314—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit of tubular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • E06B3/67326—Assembling spacer elements with the panes
    • E06B3/67334—Assembling spacer elements with the panes by soldering; Preparing the panes therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • E06B3/67339—Working the edges of already assembled units
    • E06B3/6736—Heat treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は真空複層ガラス及びその製造方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図６（ａ）、（ｂ）は従来の真空複層ガラスの製造方法の説明図である。
（ａ）において、２枚のガラス板１００，１０１の周辺をシール材１０２でシールする。次に、ガラス板１００の差込み穴１０３に低融点のガラス管１０４を差込み、このガラス管１０４とガラス板１００とをはんだガラス１０５で固定する。
【０００３】
次いで、ガラス管１０４の他端を真空ポンプ１０６に連結し、この真空ポンプ１０６で真空引きしてガラス板１００とガラス板１０１との間を真空状態に保つ。この状態で、ガラス管１０４の高さｈ1の部位を加熱手段（バーナ、電気ヒータ等）で加熱して溶融する。
【０００４】
（ｂ）において、高さｈ1の部位でガラス管１０４を封じて、突出端１０４ａを形成する。これにより、真空複層ガラスの製造が完了する。
【０００５】
一方、特表平５−５０１８９６号公報「断熱ガラスパネル及びその構築方法」に従来の真空複層ガラスの製造方法が開示されている。この製造方法を次に示す。
【０００６】
図７（ａ）、（ｂ）は別の従来の真空複層ガラスの製造方法の説明図である。
（ａ）において、２枚のガラス板１１０，１１１の周辺をシール材１１２でシールする。次に、上方のガラス板１１０に備えた座ぐり面１１３にガラス短管１１４をはんだガラス１１５で固定する。
【０００７】
次に、ガラス短管１１４に真空引きチャンバ１１６を被せ、真空引きチャンバ１１６に吸込み管１１７を取付ける。そして、吸込み管１１７を介して真空ポンプで真空引きチャンバ１１６内を真空引きして、ガラス短管１１４を通じて２枚のガラス板１１０，１１１の間の空気を抜く。
次に、真空引きチャンバ１１６内に設けた局所加熱手段（局所ヒータ又は赤外線ランプ等）を用いて、ガラス短管１１４の上部を加熱して溶融する。
【０００８】
（ｂ）において、ガラス短管１１４の突出端１１４ａの出口を密封する。これにより、ガラス短管１１４の出口が閉じて、真空複層ガラスの製造が完了する。
また、（ａ）において、座ぐり面１１３はガラス板１００の厚さ中心からａ1だけ深く形成されている。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図６では、加熱手段でガラス管１０４を溶融するとき溶融位置をガラス板１００に近づけると、はんだガラス１０５が加熱溶融して真空リークの原因となる。このため、高さｈ1を十分に大きくする必要がある。この結果、ガラス管１０４の突起が高くなる。ガラス管１０４の突起が高くなると、住宅用窓ガラスとして使用する際、窓の開閉時にサッシ枠にガラス管１０４が当るという問題がある。
【００１０】
図７では、ガラス短管１１４の上方から局所加熱手段でガラス短管１１４を加熱溶融して、ガラス短管１１４の出口を密閉する。このため、局所加熱手段による加熱時に、はんだガラス１１５やその周辺のガラス板１１０が加熱溶融しないように熱量を抑える必要があり、外径の小さいガラス短管１１４を使用せざるを得ない。外径の小さいガラス短管１１４を使用すると、ハンドリング中にガラス短管１１４が破損しやすくなるという問題がある。
また、ガラス短管１１４の内径が小さいと、その部分の排気抵抗が大きくなり、所定の真空度に到達するまでの時間がかかってしまう。
【００１１】
さらに、２枚のガラス板１１０，１１１の間が真空状態になると、ガラス板１１０，１１１は大気圧で中央が凹んだ状態に反るので、ガラス板１１０の厚みの１／２を越えた部位では引張応力が発生し、厚みの１／２を越えない部位では圧縮応力が発生する。ガラス板１１０の座ぐり面１１３は、ガラス厚みの１／２からａ1下方に位置しているので座ぐりの段部には引張応力が発生する。
ガラス板は一般に圧縮に強く、引張に弱いので、図７（ａ）のように引張応力が発生する部位に座ぐり面を備えることはガラス板の耐久性上好ましくない。
さらに、図７（ａ）では穿孔の他に座ぐり加工が必要になるので生産効率に問題がある。
【００１２】
そこで、本発明の目的は、ガラス管の突出端を低くし、ハンドリング中にガラス短管の破損がなく、耐久性に優れた真空複層ガラスを提供する技術を提供することにある。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明の請求項１は、２枚のガラス板をスペーサを介して周辺でシールし、中間を真空引きしてなる真空複層ガラスにおいて、この真空複層ガラスは、一方のガラス板の主表面に前記中間から排気するときに使用するガラス管を備え、このガラス管の出口を排気後に溶融法で閉じたものであり、前記ガラス板の主表面からガラス管の突出端までの距離が３ｍｍを越えないように構成した真空複層ガラスであって、前記一方のガラス板の主表面に前記ガラス管の基部を取付けるに際し、その差込み深さを前記ガラス板の厚みの１／２を越えないようにしたことを特徴とする。
【００１４】
ガラス管の出口を溶融して閉じたとき、ガラス板の主表面からガラス管の突出端までの距離が３ｍｍを越えないよう構成した。従って、この真空複層ガラスを住宅用窓ガラスとして使用する際、窓の開閉時にサッシ枠にガラス管の突起が当たらない。
さらに、ガラス管の差込み深さをガラス板の厚みの１／２を越えないようにしたので、ガラス管の差込み穴を段付き穴とすると、段付き穴の段部はガラス板の厚みの１／２を越えない位置にある。２枚のガラス板の中間を真空状態にすることにより、２枚のガラス板は大気圧で中央が凹んだ状態に反り、段付き穴の段部に圧縮応力が作用する。ガラス板は一般に圧縮に強いのでガラス板の耐久性の低下を阻止することができる。
【００１５】
請求項２は、２枚のガラス板をスペーサを介して周辺でシールし、中間を一方のガラス板の主表面に取付けたガラス管を介して真空排気し、次に、前記ガラス管の出口を溶融・密閉する真空複層ガラスの製造方法において、前記溶融の前に、溶融の際に発生する熱がガラス板に到るのを防止する遮熱部材を前記ガラス管の途中に取付けることを特徴とする。
【００１６】
溶融の前に遮熱部材をガラス管の途中に取付けた。従って、溶融時の輻射熱がはんだガラスや周囲のガラス板に到達しないように遮熱部材で遮ることができるので、ガラス管の溶融位置をガラス板に近づけることができる。従って、ガラス管の出口を溶融して閉じたとき、ガラス板の主表面からガラス管の突出端までの距離が３ｍｍを越えないよう短くすることができる。これにより、この真空複層ガラスを住宅用窓ガラスとして使用する際、窓の開閉時にサッシ枠にガラス管の突起が当たらない。
また、溶融時の熱量を増加させても、はんだガラスや周囲のガラス板が溶融しないので、ガラス管の外径を大きくすることができる。従って、ハンドリング中にガラス管が破損することを防止できるので生産性が向上する。
【００１７】
請求項３は、前記遮熱部材の材質は、金属、貴金属若しくは耐火物であることを特徴とする。
遮熱部材の材質に金属（ステンレス、モリブデン、タンタル、ニオブ）、貴金属（白金、ロジウム）若しくは耐火物（雲母積層板、アルミナ）等を使用することにより、遮熱部材の耐酸化性が向上して寿命が延びる。
【００１８】
請求項４は、前記溶融工程を真空中で行うことを特徴とする。
溶融工程を真空中で行うようにしたので、遮熱部材を高温に加熱しても空気中と比較すると酸化腐食しないので、遮熱部材の寿命が著しく延びる。
また、真空中では、遮熱部材をはんだガラスに対して非接触とすることにより、遮熱部材の熱は直接はんだガラスに伝わらないので、はんだガラスが溶融し難い。
【００１９】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を添付図に基づいて以下に説明する。なお、図面は符号の向きに見るものとする。
図１は本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの斜視図である。
真空複層ガラス１は、一定の隙間をおいて配置した第１のガラス板２及び第２のガラス板３と、第１、第２のガラス板２，３の周辺をシールするシール材４と、第１、第２のガラス板２，３間から排気するために第１のガラス板２の主表面に取付けた排気部５とからなる。
【００２０】
図２は図１の２−２線断面図である。
排気部５は、第１のガラス板２の厚さｔの１／２を越えない位置（すなわち、中心線ｃの上方位置）に段部６ａを配置した段付き穴６と、段付き穴６に差込み突出端７ａを溶融して閉じたガラス短管７と、ガラス短管７と第１のガラス板２とを固定するはんだガラス８とからなる。
ガラス短管７の突出端７ａは、高さｈが３ｍｍを越えないものである。
【００２１】
段付き穴６は大径部６ｂと小径部６ｃとからなる。寸法の具体例は後述するが、大径部６ｂの穴径は、ガラス短管７の外径より僅かに大径とする。小径部６ｃの穴径は、ガラス短管７が小径部６ｃから抜け落ちないようにガラス短管７の外径より小さく、かつ真空引きに要する時間がかかりすぎない大きさとする。
はんだガラス８は、粉体をプレス、焼成などで製造したリング形状のものや、ペースト状に混練したものを使用する。
【００２２】
次に、本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの製造方法を説明する。
図３（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの第１製造工程図である。
（ａ）において、第１のガラス板２に段付き穴６を形成する。段付き穴６は段付きドリルを使用して１回の穿孔工程で大径部６ｂと小径部６ｃとを同時に加工できるので、従来の座ぐり（図７（ａ）参照）の加工処理が不要になり生産効率が向上する。
次に、第１のガラス板２と第２のガラス板３とを一定間隔をおいて配置し、これらのガラス板２，３の周辺をシール材４（図１参照）でシールする。
【００２３】
（ｂ）において、ガラス短管７を第１のガラス板２の段付き穴６に差込み、ガラス管の周囲にリング状のはんだガラス８を配置する。
はんだガラス８は、ペースト状に混練した状態のものを塗布してもよい。
（ｃ）において、焼成炉ではんだガラス８を焼成して、ガラス短管７と第１のガラス板２とを固定する。
【００２４】
図４（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの第２製造工程図である。
（ａ）において、ガラス短管７に穴開き板状の遮熱板（遮熱部材）１０を差込む。
遮蔽板１０は中央に穴の開いた板状のものであれば、円板、矩形板、多角形板のいずれでもよい。但し、遮熱板１０の外径は（ｂ）に示す赤外線輻射ヒータ１１のスポット径ｄより十分に大きくする。
また、遮熱板１０の穴径は、ガラス短管７の溶融時に溶融したガラス短管７が遮蔽板１０に付着しないようにガラス短管７に対して余裕をもった大きさとし、かつ赤外線が遮熱板１０の穴を通り抜けて下部のはんだガラス８を溶融することのない大きさとする。
【００２５】
遮熱板１０は、金属（ステンレス、モリブデン、タンタル、ニオブ等）、貴金属（白金、ロジウム等）や耐火物（雲母積層板、アルミナ等）の材質が好適である。ステンレス、白金、雲母積層板は耐酸化性に優れているからである。
なお、金属や貴金属製の遮熱板１０を使用する場合、遮熱板１０をはんだガラス８と接触させないようにする必要がある。両者が接触すると遮熱板１０の熱がはんだガラス８に直接伝導して、はんだガラス８が溶融することがあるからである。
【００２６】
（ｂ）において、排気部５の周辺の第１のガラス板２にＯリング１２を介して真空引きチャンバ１３を密着し、真空引きチャンバ１３で排気部５を覆う。真空引きチャンバ１３は上窓に赤外線透過ガラス（石英ガラス等）１４を備える。
そして、排気路１５を介して真空引きチャンバ１３内を真空排気して、第１、第２のガラス板２，３間の空気を矢印▲１▼に示すように排気する。これにより、第１、第２のガラス板２，３間が真空状態になる。
次に、赤外線透過ガラス１４の上方に配置した赤外線輻射ヒータ１１から赤外線１１ａを放射する。
【００２７】
（ｃ）において、赤外線１１ａでガラス短管７の突出端７ａを溶融してガラス短管７の上端を閉じる。この際に、ガラス短管７の周囲に直進した赤外線１１ａを遮熱板１０で反射する。従って、ガラス短管７の周囲に直進した赤外線１１ａは、はんだガラス８まで到達しない。
次に、（ｂ）に示す真空引きチャンバ１３を第１のガラス板２から取り除き、且つガラス短管７から遮熱板１０を取り除いて図１に示す真空複層ガラス１の製造を完了する。
【００２８】
図５（ａ），（ｂ）は本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの弾性変形を示す説明図である。
（ａ）において、ガラス短管７の差込み深さを第１のガラス板２の厚みの１／２を越えないようにしたので、段付き穴６の段部６ａは第１のガラス板２の中心線ｃよりａだけ上方に位置する。
【００２９】
（ｂ）において、第１、第２のガラス板２，３の間を真空状態にすることにより、第１、第２のガラス板２，３は大気圧で中央が凹んだ状態に反る。従って、第１のガラス板２の中心線ｃの下方では引張応力σ1が発生し、中心線ｃの上方では圧縮応力σ2が発生する。第１のガラス板２の段部６ａには圧縮応力σ1が発生する。
ガラス板は一般に圧縮に強いので、第１のガラス板２の耐久性の低下を防止することができる。
【００３０】
前記実施の形態では赤外線輻射ヒータ１１を使用してガラス短管７の突出端７ａを溶融する場合について説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば熱風発生装置や赤外線レーザ等を使用することもできる。
【００３１】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明に係る発明の実施例を表１を参照の上説明する。
【００３２】
【表１】

Figure 0003859771
【００３３】
真空複層ガラス１を構成する第１、第２のガラス板２，３の厚さは３．０ｍｍである。第１のガラス板２に形成した段付き穴６は、大径部６ｂの穴径が２．２ｍｍ、その深さが１．５ｍｍであり、小径部６ｃの穴径が１．５ｍｍである。段付き穴６に差込むガラス短管７は外径が２．０ｍｍ、内径１．５ｍｍであり、長さが４．０ｍｍである。ガラス短管７に取付ける遮熱板１０は穴径が２．５ｍｍである。
以上の条件でガラス短管７の上端を溶融したところ、ガラス短管７の突出端７ａの高さは２．８ｍｍとなった。この値は目標値３ｍｍより十分小さい。
【００３４】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記構成により次の効果を発揮する。
請求項１は、ガラス管の出口を溶融して閉じたとき、ガラス板の主表面からガラス管の突出端までの距離が３ｍｍを越えないよう構成した。従って、この真空複層ガラスを住宅用窓ガラスとして使用する際、窓の開閉時にサッシ枠にガラス管の突起が当たらない。
【００３５】
さらに、ガラス管の差込み深さをガラス板の厚みの１／２を越えないようにしたので、ガラス管の差込み穴を段付き穴とすると、段付き穴の段部はガラス板の厚みの１／２を越えない位置にある。２枚のガラス板の中間を真空状態にすることにより、２枚のガラス板は大気圧で中央が凹んだ状態に反り、段付き穴の段部に圧縮応力が作用する。ガラス板は一般に圧縮に強いのでガラス板の耐久性の低下を阻止することができる。
【００３６】
請求項２は、溶融の前に遮熱部材をガラス管の途中に取付けた。従って、溶融時の輻射熱がはんだガラスや周囲のガラス板に到達しないように遮熱部材で遮ることができるので、ガラス管の溶融位置をガラス板に近づけることができる。
従って、ガラス管の出口を溶融して閉じたとき、ガラス板からガラス管の突出端までの距離が３ｍｍを越えないよう短くすることができる。これにより、この真空複層ガラスを住宅用窓ガラスとして使用する際、窓の開閉時にサッシ枠にガラス管の突起が当たらない。
また、溶融時の熱量を増加させても、はんだガラスや周囲のガラス板が溶融しないので、ガラス管の外径を大きくすることができる。従って、ハンドリング中にガラス管が破損することを防止できるので生産性が向上する。
【００３７】
請求項３は、遮熱部材の材質に金属（ステンレス、モリブデン、タンタル、ニオブ）、貴金属（白金、ロジウム）若しくは耐火物（雲母積層板、アルミナ）等を使用することにより、遮熱部材の耐酸化性が向上して寿命が延びる。
【００３８】
請求項４は、溶融工程を真空中で行うようにしたので、遮熱部材を高温に加熱しても空気中と比較すると酸化腐食しないので、遮熱部材の寿命が著しく延びる。
また、真空中では、遮熱部材をはんだガラスに対して非接触とすることにより、遮熱部材の熱は直接はんだガラスに伝わらないので、はんだガラスが溶融し難い。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの斜視図
【図２】図１の２−２線断面図
【図３】本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの第１製造工程図
【図４】本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの第２製造工程図
【図５】本発明に係る真空複層ガラスの弾性変形を示す説明図
【図６】従来の真空複層ガラスの製造方法の説明図
【図７】別の従来の真空複層ガラスの製造方法の説明図
【符号の説明】
１…真空複層ガラス、２…第１のガラス板、３…第２のガラス板、４…シール材、７…ガラス短管（ガラス管）、７ａ…突出端、１０…遮熱板（遮熱部材）、１３…真空引きチャンバ、ｔ…厚さ、ｃ…中心線。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vacuum double-glazed glass and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
6 (a) and 6 (b) are explanatory diagrams of a conventional method for producing a vacuum double-layer glass.
In (a), the periphery of the two glass plates 100 and 101 is sealed with a sealing material 102. Next, a glass tube 104 having a low melting point is inserted into the insertion hole 103 of the glass plate 100, and the glass tube 104 and the glass plate 100 are fixed with solder glass 105.
[0003]
Next, the other end of the glass tube 104 is connected to a vacuum pump 106, and the vacuum pump 106 is evacuated to maintain a vacuum state between the glass plate 100 and the glass plate 101. In this state, the portion of the glass tube 104 having a height h 1 is heated and melted by a heating means (burner, electric heater, etc.).
[0004]
In (b), the glass tube 104 is sealed at the height h 1 to form the protruding end 104a. Thereby, manufacture of a vacuum double layer glass is completed.
[0005]
On the other hand, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 5-501896 “Heat-insulating glass panel and construction method thereof” discloses a conventional method for producing a vacuum double-glazed glass. This manufacturing method is as follows.
[0006]
7 (a) and 7 (b) are explanatory views of another conventional method for manufacturing a vacuum double-layer glass.
In (a), the periphery of the two glass plates 110 and 111 is sealed with a sealing material 112. Next, the short glass tube 114 is fixed to the counterbore surface 113 provided on the upper glass plate 110 with the solder glass 115.
[0007]
Next, the short vacuum tube 114 is covered with a vacuum chamber 116, and the suction tube 117 is attached to the vacuum chamber 116. Then, the vacuum chamber 116 is evacuated by a vacuum pump through the suction pipe 117, and the air between the two glass plates 110 and 111 is evacuated through the short glass pipe 114.
Next, the upper part of the glass short tube 114 is heated and melted by using a local heating means (local heater, infrared lamp or the like) provided in the vacuum chamber 116.
[0008]
In (b), the outlet of the protruding end 114a of the short glass tube 114 is sealed. Thereby, the outlet of the short glass tube 114 is closed, and the production of the vacuum double-glazed glass is completed.
Further, in (a), the spot facing surface 113 is formed deeper by a 1 from the thickness center of the glass plate 100.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In FIG. 6, when the glass tube 104 is melted by the heating means, if the melting position is brought close to the glass plate 100, the solder glass 105 is heated and melted, causing a vacuum leak. For this reason, it is necessary to make the height h 1 sufficiently large. As a result, the protrusion of the glass tube 104 becomes high. When the projection of the glass tube 104 becomes high, there is a problem that when the glass tube 104 is used as a window glass for a house, the glass tube 104 hits the sash frame when the window is opened and closed.
[0010]
In FIG. 7, the short glass tube 114 is heated and melted from above the short glass tube 114 by local heating means, and the outlet of the short glass tube 114 is sealed. For this reason, it is necessary to suppress the amount of heat so that the solder glass 115 and the surrounding glass plate 110 are not heated and melted when heated by the local heating means, and a short glass tube 114 having a small outer diameter must be used. When the short glass tube 114 having a small outer diameter is used, there is a problem that the short glass tube 114 is easily broken during handling.
Further, if the inner diameter of the short glass tube 114 is small, the exhaust resistance at that portion increases, and it takes time to reach a predetermined degree of vacuum.
[0011]
Furthermore, when the space between the two glass plates 110 and 111 is in a vacuum state, the glass plates 110 and 111 are warped in a state where the center is recessed at atmospheric pressure, and therefore, a portion exceeding 1/2 of the thickness of the glass plate 110. Then, a tensile stress is generated, and a compressive stress is generated at a portion not exceeding 1/2 of the thickness. The counterbore surface 113 of the glass plate 110 is positioned a 1/2 below the glass thickness by a 1, so that tensile stress is generated at the stepped portion of the counterbore.
Since a glass plate is generally strong in compression and weak in tension, it is not preferable in terms of durability of the glass plate to provide a counterbore surface at a site where tensile stress is generated as shown in FIG.
Further, in FIG. 7 (a), there is a problem in production efficiency because counterbore processing is required in addition to drilling.
[0012]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for providing a vacuum double-glazed glass having a low protruding end of a glass tube, which is free from breakage of the short glass tube during handling, and excellent in durability.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, claim 1 of the present invention is a vacuum double-layer glass in which two glass plates are sealed at the periphery via a spacer and the middle is evacuated. A glass tube used when evacuating from the middle is provided on the main surface of one glass plate, and the exit of the glass tube is closed by a melting method after evacuation, and the glass tube protrudes from the main surface of the glass plate A vacuum double-layer glass constructed so that the distance to the end does not exceed 3 mm, and when the base of the glass tube is attached to the main surface of the one glass plate, the insertion depth is the thickness of the glass plate It is characterized by not exceeding 1/2.
[0014]
When the exit of the glass tube was melted and closed, the distance from the main surface of the glass plate to the protruding end of the glass tube did not exceed 3 mm. Therefore, when this vacuum double-glazed glass is used as a window glass for a house, the projection of the glass tube does not hit the sash frame when the window is opened and closed.
In addition, since the insertion depth of the glass tube is made not to exceed 1/2 of the thickness of the glass plate, if the insertion hole of the glass tube is a stepped hole, the stepped portion of the stepped hole is 1 of the thickness of the glass plate. The position does not exceed / 2. By making the middle of the two glass plates into a vacuum state, the two glass plates warp in a state where the center is recessed at atmospheric pressure, and compressive stress acts on the step portion of the stepped hole. Since the glass plate is generally resistant to compression, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the durability of the glass plate.
[0015]
In the second aspect , two glass plates are sealed at the periphery through spacers, and the middle is evacuated through a glass tube attached to the main surface of one glass plate. In the method for producing a vacuum double-layer glass to be melted and sealed, before the melting, a heat-shielding member for preventing heat generated during melting from reaching the glass plate is attached in the middle of the glass tube. And
[0016]
Prior to melting, a heat shield was attached in the middle of the glass tube. Therefore, since the heat shielding member can block the radiant heat at the time of melting so as not to reach the solder glass or the surrounding glass plate, the melting position of the glass tube can be brought close to the glass plate. Therefore, when the outlet of the glass tube is melted and closed, the distance from the main surface of the glass plate to the protruding end of the glass tube can be shortened so as not to exceed 3 mm. Thereby, when using this vacuum double-glazed glass as a window glass for houses, the projection of the glass tube does not hit the sash frame when the window is opened and closed.
Even if the amount of heat at the time of melting is increased, the outer diameter of the glass tube can be increased because the solder glass and the surrounding glass plate are not melted. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the glass tube from being broken during handling, so that productivity is improved.
[0017]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the material of the heat shield member is a metal, a noble metal, or a refractory.
By using metal (stainless steel, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium), noble metals (platinum, rhodium) or refractory (mica laminate, alumina) as the material of the heat shield, the oxidation resistance of the heat shield is improved. Life is extended.
[0018]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the melting step is performed in a vacuum.
Since the melting step is performed in a vacuum, even if the heat shield member is heated to a high temperature, it does not oxidize and corrode as compared with the air, so that the life of the heat shield member is significantly extended.
Further, in a vacuum, by making the heat shield member non-contact with the solder glass, the heat of the heat shield member is not directly transmitted to the solder glass, so that the solder glass is difficult to melt.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vacuum multilayer glass according to the present invention.
The vacuum double-glazed glass 1 includes a first glass plate 2 and a second glass plate 3 arranged with a certain gap, and a sealing material 4 for sealing the periphery of the first and second glass plates 2 and 3. The exhaust part 5 is attached to the main surface of the first glass plate 2 in order to exhaust air between the first and second glass plates 2 and 3.
[0020]
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.
The exhaust portion 5 includes a stepped hole 6 in which a stepped portion 6a is disposed at a position not exceeding ½ of the thickness t of the first glass plate 2 (that is, a position above the center line c), and a stepped hole 6. The glass short tube 7 is formed by melting and closing the protruding end 7 a and the solder glass 8 for fixing the glass short tube 7 and the first glass plate 2.
The protruding end 7a of the short glass tube 7 has a height h that does not exceed 3 mm.
[0021]
The stepped hole 6 includes a large diameter portion 6b and a small diameter portion 6c. Although the specific example of a dimension is mentioned later, the hole diameter of the large diameter part 6b shall be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the glass short tube 7. FIG. The hole diameter of the small diameter portion 6c is set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the short glass tube 7 so that the short glass tube 7 does not fall out of the small diameter portion 6c and does not take too much time for evacuation.
As the solder glass 8, a ring-shaped powder manufactured by pressing, baking, or the like, or a paste kneaded is used.
[0022]
Next, the manufacturing method of the vacuum multilayer glass concerning this invention is demonstrated.
3A to 3C are first manufacturing process diagrams of the vacuum double-layer glass according to the present invention.
In (a), a stepped hole 6 is formed in the first glass plate 2. Since the stepped hole 6 can be processed simultaneously with the large diameter portion 6b and the small diameter portion 6c in a single drilling process using a stepped drill, the conventional counterbore processing (see FIG. 7A) is unnecessary. And production efficiency improves.
Next, the 1st glass plate 2 and the 2nd glass plate 3 are arrange | positioned at fixed intervals, and the periphery of these glass plates 2 and 3 is sealed with the sealing material 4 (refer FIG. 1).
[0023]
In (b), the glass short tube 7 is inserted into the stepped hole 6 of the first glass plate 2, and a ring-shaped solder glass 8 is disposed around the glass tube.
The solder glass 8 may be applied in a paste kneaded state.
In (c), the solder glass 8 is fired in a firing furnace to fix the short glass tube 7 and the first glass plate 2.
[0024]
4 (a) to 4 (c) are second manufacturing process diagrams of the vacuum multilayer glass according to the present invention.
In (a), a perforated plate-like heat shield plate (heat shield member) 10 is inserted into the short glass tube 7.
As long as the shielding plate 10 has a plate shape with a hole in the center, it may be any one of a circular plate, a rectangular plate, and a polygonal plate. However, the outer diameter of the heat shield plate 10 is made sufficiently larger than the spot diameter d of the infrared radiation heater 11 shown in FIG.
Further, the hole diameter of the heat shield plate 10 is set to a size having a margin with respect to the glass short tube 7 so that the molten glass short tube 7 does not adhere to the shield plate 10 when the glass short tube 7 is melted, and infrared rays are transmitted. The size is such that the lower solder glass 8 does not melt through the hole of the heat shield plate 10.
[0025]
The heat shield plate 10 is preferably made of metal (stainless steel, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, etc.), noble metal (platinum, rhodium, etc.) or refractory (mica laminate, alumina, etc.). This is because stainless steel, platinum, and mica laminate are excellent in oxidation resistance.
In addition, when using the heat shield plate 10 made of metal or noble metal, it is necessary to prevent the heat shield plate 10 from coming into contact with the solder glass 8. This is because when the two come into contact, the heat of the heat shield plate 10 is directly conducted to the solder glass 8 and the solder glass 8 may be melted.
[0026]
In (b), the vacuum chamber 13 is brought into close contact with the first glass plate 2 around the exhaust unit 5 via the O-ring 12, and the exhaust unit 5 is covered with the vacuum chamber 13. The evacuation chamber 13 includes an infrared transmitting glass (quartz glass or the like) 14 on the upper window.
Then, the evacuation chamber 13 is evacuated through the exhaust passage 15, and the air between the first and second glass plates 2 and 3 is exhausted as shown by the arrow (1). Thereby, between the 1st, 2nd glass plates 2 and 3 will be in a vacuum state.
Next, infrared rays 11 a are emitted from an infrared radiation heater 11 disposed above the infrared transmission glass 14.
[0027]
In (c), the protruding end 7a of the short glass tube 7 is melted with the infrared ray 11a, and the upper end of the short glass tube 7 is closed. At this time, the infrared rays 11 a that have traveled straight around the short glass tube 7 are reflected by the heat shield plate 10. Therefore, the infrared rays 11 a that have traveled straight around the short glass tube 7 do not reach the solder glass 8.
Next, the vacuum chamber 13 shown in (b) is removed from the first glass plate 2 and the heat shield plate 10 is removed from the short glass tube 7 to complete the production of the vacuum double-glazed glass 1 shown in FIG.
[0028]
5A and 5B are explanatory views showing elastic deformation of the vacuum double-glazed glass according to the present invention.
In (a), since the insertion depth of the short glass tube 7 is set not to exceed 1/2 of the thickness of the first glass plate 2, the step portion 6 a of the stepped hole 6 is formed of the first glass plate 2. It is located above the center line c by a.
[0029]
In (b), when the space between the first and second glass plates 2 and 3 is set to a vacuum state, the first and second glass plates 2 and 3 warp in a state where the center is recessed at atmospheric pressure. Accordingly, a tensile stress σ 1 is generated below the center line c of the first glass plate 2 and a compressive stress σ 2 is generated above the center line c. A compressive stress σ 1 is generated at the step 6 a of the first glass plate 2.
Since the glass plate is generally resistant to compression, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the durability of the first glass plate 2.
[0030]
In the above embodiment, the case where the infrared radiation heater 11 is used to melt the protruding end 7a of the glass short tube 7 is not limited to this. For example, a hot air generator or an infrared laser is used. You can also.
[0031]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to Table 1.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003859771
[0033]
The thickness of the 1st, 2nd glass plates 2 and 3 which comprise the vacuum multilayer glass 1 is 3.0 mm. The stepped hole 6 formed in the first glass plate 2 has a large diameter portion 6b having a hole diameter of 2.2 mm, a depth of 1.5 mm, and a small diameter portion 6c having a hole diameter of 1.5 mm. The short glass tube 7 to be inserted into the stepped hole 6 has an outer diameter of 2.0 mm, an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, and a length of 4.0 mm. The heat shield plate 10 attached to the short glass tube 7 has a hole diameter of 2.5 mm.
When the upper end of the short glass tube 7 was melted under the above conditions, the height of the protruding end 7a of the short glass tube 7 was 2.8 mm. This value is sufficiently smaller than the target value of 3 mm.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following effects by the above configuration.
According to the first aspect, when the outlet of the glass tube is melted and closed, the distance from the main surface of the glass plate to the protruding end of the glass tube does not exceed 3 mm. Therefore, when this vacuum double-glazed glass is used as a window glass for a house, the projection of the glass tube does not hit the sash frame when the window is opened and closed.
[0035]
In addition , since the insertion depth of the glass tube is made not to exceed 1/2 of the thickness of the glass plate, if the insertion hole of the glass tube is a stepped hole, the stepped portion of the stepped hole is 1 of the thickness of the glass plate. The position does not exceed / 2. By making the middle of the two glass plates into a vacuum state, the two glass plates warp in a state where the center is recessed at atmospheric pressure, and compressive stress acts on the step portion of the stepped hole. Since the glass plate is generally resistant to compression, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the durability of the glass plate.
[0036]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat shielding member is attached in the middle of the glass tube before melting. Therefore, since the heat shielding member can block the radiant heat at the time of melting so as not to reach the solder glass or the surrounding glass plate, the melting position of the glass tube can be brought close to the glass plate.
Therefore, when the outlet of the glass tube is melted and closed, the distance from the glass plate to the protruding end of the glass tube can be shortened so as not to exceed 3 mm. Thereby, when using this vacuum double-glazed glass as a window glass for houses, the projection of the glass tube does not hit the sash frame when the window is opened and closed.
Even if the amount of heat at the time of melting is increased, the outer diameter of the glass tube can be increased because the solder glass and the surrounding glass plate are not melted. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the glass tube from being broken during handling, so that productivity is improved.
[0037]
The third aspect of the present invention is to use a metal (stainless steel, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium), a noble metal (platinum, rhodium), a refractory (a mica laminate, alumina), or the like as the material of the heat shield member, so Improves chemical properties and extends life.
[0038]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the melting step is performed in a vacuum, even if the heat shield member is heated to a high temperature, it does not oxidize and corrode as compared with the air.
Further, in a vacuum, by making the heat shield member non-contact with the solder glass, the heat of the heat shield member is not directly transmitted to the solder glass, so that the solder glass is difficult to melt.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vacuum multilayer glass according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a first manufacturing process diagram of a vacuum multilayer glass according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the elastic deformation of the vacuum double-glazed glass according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a conventional method for manufacturing the vacuum double-glazed glass. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of another conventional method for producing a vacuum double-glazed glass.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vacuum multilayer glass, 2 ... 1st glass plate, 3 ... 2nd glass plate, 4 ... Sealing material , 7 ... Glass short tube (glass tube), 7a ... Projection end, 10 ... Heat shield plate (shield) (Thermal member), 13 ... evacuation chamber, t ... thickness, c ... center line.

Claims (4)

２枚のガラス板をスペーサを介して周辺でシールし、中間を真空引きしてなる真空複層ガラスにおいて、
この真空複層ガラスは、一方のガラス板の主表面に前記中間から排気するときに使用するガラス管を備え、このガラス管の出口を排気後に溶融法で閉じたものであり、前記ガラス板の主表面からガラス管の突出端までの距離が３ｍｍを越えないように構成した真空複層ガラスであって、
前記一方のガラス板の主表面に前記ガラス管の基部を取付けるに際し、その差込み深さを前記ガラス板の厚みの１／２を越えないようにしたことを特徴とする真空複層ガラス。In vacuum double-glazed glass formed by sealing two glass plates around via spacers and evacuating the middle,
This vacuum double-glazed glass is provided with a glass tube used when exhausting from the middle on the main surface of one glass plate, and the exit of this glass tube is closed by a melting method after exhausting, A vacuum double-glazed glass constructed such that the distance from the main surface to the protruding end of the glass tube does not exceed 3 mm,
A vacuum double-glazed glass characterized in that when the base portion of the glass tube is attached to the main surface of the one glass plate, the insertion depth does not exceed 1/2 of the thickness of the glass plate. ２枚のガラス板をスペーサを介して周辺でシールし、中間を一方のガラス板の主表面に取付けたガラス管を介して真空排気し、次に、前記ガラス管の出口を溶融・密閉する真空複層ガラスの製造方法において、前記溶融の前に、溶融の際に発生する熱がガラス板に到るのを防止する遮熱部材を前記ガラス管の途中に取付けたことを特徴とする真空複層ガラスの製造方法。  Two glass plates are sealed at the periphery through spacers, the middle is evacuated through a glass tube attached to the main surface of one glass plate, and then the vacuum that melts and seals the outlet of the glass tube In the method for producing a double-glazed glass, a vacuum compounding device is provided, wherein a heat shielding member for preventing heat generated during melting from reaching the glass plate is attached in the middle of the glass tube before the melting. A method for producing layer glass. 前記遮熱部材の材質は、金属、貴金属若しくは耐火物であることを特徴とする請求項２記載の真空複層ガラスの製造方法。The method for producing a vacuum double-glazed glass according to claim 2 , wherein the material of the heat shield member is a metal, a noble metal or a refractory. 前記溶融工程を真空中で行うことを特徴とする請求項２記載の真空複層ガラスの製造方法。The method for producing a vacuum multilayer glass according to claim 2, wherein the melting step is performed in a vacuum.
JP15580696A 1996-06-17 1996-06-17 Vacuum multi-layer glass and method for producing the same Expired - Lifetime JP3859771B2 (en)

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JP15580696A JP3859771B2 (en) 1996-06-17 1996-06-17 Vacuum multi-layer glass and method for producing the same
TW086106753A TW341615B (en) 1996-06-17 1997-05-20 Vacuum double layer glass and its manufacturing method
PCT/JP1997/001841 WO1997048650A1 (en) 1996-06-17 1997-05-28 Vacuum double glazing unit and method of manufacturing same
CN97190721A CN1195334A (en) 1996-06-17 1997-05-28 Vacuum double glazing unit and method of manufacturing same
KR1019980700692A KR19990036027A (en) 1996-06-17 1997-05-28 Vacuum Laminated Glass and Manufacturing Method Thereof
IDP972051A ID17172A (en) 1996-06-17 1997-06-16 DOUBLE VACUUM GLASS COATING AND METHOD OF MAKING SUCH GLASS LAYER.
JP2000207114A JP3828341B2 (en) 1996-06-17 2000-07-07 Vacuum double-glazed glass

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