JP3818778B2 - Waste supply device and waste supply method in gasification incineration facility - Google Patents

Waste supply device and waste supply method in gasification incineration facility Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3818778B2
JP3818778B2 JP18797698A JP18797698A JP3818778B2 JP 3818778 B2 JP3818778 B2 JP 3818778B2 JP 18797698 A JP18797698 A JP 18797698A JP 18797698 A JP18797698 A JP 18797698A JP 3818778 B2 JP3818778 B2 JP 3818778B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
waste
gasification
crushing
furnace
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP18797698A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2000018530A (en
Inventor
真一郎 安藤
誠一 中井
善利 関口
健治 西山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Corp
Original Assignee
Hitachi Zosen Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Zosen Corp filed Critical Hitachi Zosen Corp
Priority to JP18797698A priority Critical patent/JP3818778B2/en
Publication of JP2000018530A publication Critical patent/JP2000018530A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3818778B2 publication Critical patent/JP3818778B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Landscapes

  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉とこの熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備したガス化焼却設備において、ガス化炉に廃棄物を安定供給する廃棄物供給装置および廃棄物供給方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来のガス化焼却設備は、廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉と、この熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備し、ガス化炉に供給される廃棄物の水分を調整するために、破砕装置と定量供給装置との間に廃棄物の乾燥装置を設けたものがある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者等は特願平9−355942号公報で、溶融炉出口の排ガスの一部を乾燥装置に導入し、乾燥後の排ガスを燃焼溶融炉の二次燃焼部に戻すものを提案した。ところで、乾燥装置で特に水分の高い廃棄物を乾燥した場合、水分蒸発と乾燥装置における熱ロスなどにより、乾燥排ガスが大幅に冷却されることがあり、この乾燥排ガスを燃焼溶融炉の二次燃焼部に戻すことで、燃焼溶融炉の二次燃焼部の燃焼温度が著しく低下し、悪臭成分の分解やダイオキシンの熱分解に必要な850℃以上の温度が保持できなくなるという問題があった。
【0004】
本発明は、上記問題点を解決して、炉の焼却温度を低下させることなく、安定した水分量の廃棄物を安定供給できるガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置および廃棄物供給方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明の請求項1記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置は、廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉と、このガス化炉で熱分解された熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備したガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置であって、ごみホッパーから供給される廃棄物を破砕する破砕機と、当該破砕機から排出されたごみを機械的に脱水するとともに脱水後の廃棄物をガス化炉に定量ずつ送り出す脱水定量供給装置とを具備し、前記脱水定量供給装置は、入口側に形成された直状の掻き込み部と出口側に形成された先窄まり円錐状の脱水部とを有するケーシング内に、螺旋状スクリュー羽根を回転自在に配設するとともに、前記ケーシングの出口に、内圧を調整して脱水を促進させるとともに圧縮脱水された廃棄物を解砕する圧力調整兼用の解砕装置を設け、前記掻き込み部のケーシングおよびスクリュー羽根の少なくとも一方に、加熱流体を供給する加熱流体通路を形成し、前記脱水部のケーシングに、圧縮された廃棄物から脱水および脱気する複数の脱水穴を形成し、前記解砕装置を、ケーシングと同一軸心上に配置されて回転駆動される回転軸と、当該回転軸の先端部に設けられて解砕刃を有する解砕シールヘッドと、当該解砕シールヘッドをケーシングの出口側に押し付ける圧密調整用ばねとで構成したものである。
【0006】
上記構成によれば、廃棄物を加熱しつつ圧縮して脱水するので、水分を効率よく脱水することができ、さらに解砕してガス化炉に連続して定量供給するので、含水率が低くほぼ均等な水分を含む廃棄物をガス化炉に供給することができ、これによりガス化炉で廃棄物を効率よく燃焼させることができる。したがって、乾燥装置を必要としないので、従来のように乾燥排ガスを燃焼溶融炉に戻すことがなく、燃焼溶融炉の燃焼に悪影響を及ぼすことがない。また、定量供給と脱水と内圧調整の機能を1つの装置で行うことができ、設備をコンパクトに構成できるとともに、設備コストの削減に寄与できる。
【0007】
請求項2記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置は、請求項1または2記載の構成において、燃焼溶融炉から排出された燃焼排ガスから熱回収する熱回収器を設け、前記熱回収器で加熱されて発電設備に送られる蒸気の一部を、加熱流体通路に供給する分岐蒸気管を設けたものである。
【0008】
請求項3記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法は、廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉と、この熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備したガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法であって、ガス化炉に廃棄物を供給するに際し、請求項1または2記載の廃棄物供給装置を使用して、破砕後の廃棄物を加熱しつつ機械的に圧縮して廃棄物から水分を脱水および脱気した後、廃棄物を解砕してガス化炉に投入するものである。
【0009】
上記構成によれば、廃棄物を加熱しつつ圧縮して脱水し、解砕してガス化炉に連続して定量供給するので、水分を効率よく脱水することができ、含水率が低くほぼ均等な水分を含む廃棄物をガス化炉に供給することができ、効率よく燃焼させることができる。したがって、乾燥装置を必要としないので、従来のように乾燥排ガスを燃焼溶融炉に戻すことがなく、燃焼溶融炉の燃焼に悪影響を及ぼすことがない。
【0010】
請求項4記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法は、廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉と、この熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備したガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法であって、廃棄物を破砕した後、廃棄物を乾燥廃棄物と湿潤廃棄物とに選別し、この湿潤廃棄物のみを、請求項1または2記載の廃棄物供給装置を使用して、破砕後の廃棄物を加熱しつつ機械的に圧縮して廃棄物から水分を脱水および脱気した後、廃棄物を解砕し、解砕後の前記湿潤廃棄物に前記乾燥廃棄物を混合してガス化炉に供給するものである。
【0011】
上記構成によれば、請求項3の発明の効果に加えて、湿潤廃棄物のみを加熱、圧縮脱水するので、廃棄物からより効率よく水分を除去することができる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
ここで、本発明に係るガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置の実施の形態を図1〜図4に基づいて説明する。
【0013】
図1に示すように、ガス化焼却設備は、廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉1と、この熱分解ガスを溶融部2aで燃焼させ、同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融スラグとして捕捉回収し、さらに排ガスを完全燃焼させる二次燃焼部2bとで構成される燃焼溶融炉2とを具備している。廃棄物である生ごみをガス化炉1に供給する廃棄物供給装置3は、ごみホッパー4と、生ごみを粗破砕する破砕手段である破砕機5と、生ごみを攪拌しつつ加熱し圧縮して脱水する脱水手段および定量ずつ送り出す定量供給手段を具備した脱水定量供給装置6とが設けられている。また燃焼溶融炉2の二次燃焼部2bの下流側には熱回収器8が配置され、熱回収後の排ガスは、排ガス処理装置9で無害化されて煙突10から排出される。熱回収器8で加熱された蒸気は、蒸気供給管11により発電設備13の蒸気タービン14に導入され発電機15が駆動されて発電され、一部が分岐蒸気管12を介して生ごみを加熱するために脱水定量供給装置6に送られる。
【0014】
前記脱水定量供給装置6は、図2〜図4に示すように、基本形状が筒状ケーシング21内に回転自在な螺旋状のスクリュー羽根22を内蔵したスクリューフィーダにより構成されている。すなわち、このケーシング21は、入口側でごみ投入ダクト20が接続された円筒直状の掻き込み部21aと、出口側で先窄まりの円錐状の脱水部21bとで構成されている。また、軸受23を介してケーシング21の基端側から軸心部に沿って配置され片持ち状に支持された駆動軸24には、掻き込み部21aに対応して同一外径の等径部22aと、脱水部21bに対応して先端側の径が絞られた縮径部22bからなるスクリュー羽根22が設けられ、図示しない圧縮兼用の送りモータにより回転駆動される。この駆動軸24は中空状で加熱流体通路である加熱用蒸気通路24aが形成され、基端部に分岐蒸気管12が接続されるとともにドレン管25が配設され、駆動軸24およびスクリュー羽根22を介して生ごみを加熱するように構成されている。
【0015】
またケーシング21の掻き込み部21aの周囲には、加熱流体通路である加熱蒸気通路26を形成する加熱通路カバー27が取付けられている。そして、この加熱通路カバー27の供給ポート27aに分岐蒸気管12が接続されて、ケーシング21を介して生ごみを加熱し効果的に圧縮脱水が行われるように構成される。また加熱通路26の排出ポート27bにはドレン管28が接続される。
【0016】
ケーシング21の脱水部21bには複数の脱水穴29が形成され、脱水部21bとの間に排水脱気通路31を形成する排出用カバー32が取り付けられている。そして、この排出用カバー32の下部に形成された排水ポート32aに汚水排出管33が接続され、排水ポート32aから排水することができ、また上部に形成された脱気ポート32bに脱気管34が接続されて排気される。
【0017】
ケーシング21の出口21cには、ケーシング21のごみをシールして内圧を調整し脱水を促進させるとともに圧縮された生ごみを解砕する圧力調整兼用の解砕装置41が設けられている。この解砕装置41は、ケーシング21の出口21cに取付けられて下部に排出口42aが形成されたボックス42と、出口21cに対向する対向側壁42bに貫設されてケーシング21と同一軸心上に突出され解砕用モータ(図示せず)に回転駆動される回転軸43と、この回転軸43の先端部に取付けられた解砕シールヘッド44と、この解砕シールヘッド44と対向壁42bとの間の回転軸43に介装され解砕シールヘッド44をケーシング21の出口21a側に押し付ける押圧力を調整可能な付勢手段である圧密調整用ばね45とで構成されている。また解砕シールヘッド44は、図4に示すように、円形の面板44aの表面に、たとえば中心から外径方向に90度ごとに配置されて中心側が突出する解砕刃44bが取り付けられ、出口21cから圧縮されて押出されてくる生ごみの抵抗となってケーシング21の内圧を保持して圧縮、かつガス化炉1から逆流するガスからシールし、さらに出口21cから押出される生ごみの圧縮塊を小さな切片に切除解砕しつつ排出することができる。なお、解砕刃44bはこれに限るものではなく、1〜3本、またはそれ以上の解砕刃を設けてもよい。
【0018】
したがって、この解砕装置41により、ケーシング21内を適度な圧力に保持して生ごみを圧密化し良好に圧搾脱水するとともに、ガス化炉1側からのガスの逆流を防止し、さらに出口21cから押出される時に生ごみが解砕シールヘッド44により細かく解砕されて定量ずつ安定して排出され、圧縮脱水されてほぼ均等な水分を含む生ごみがガス化炉1に安定して定量供給される。
【0019】
上記構成において、ごみホッパー4から供給された生ごみは、破砕機5により粗破砕され、次いで脱水定量供給装置6からガス化炉1に定量供給される。この時、脱水定量供給装置6では、攪拌されるとともに分岐蒸気管12から供給された加熱用蒸気が駆動軸24の加熱蒸気通路24aおよび加熱通路カバー27内の加熱蒸気通路26に供給されて生ごみが加熱され、さらに縮径される脱水部21bおよび排出抵抗となる解砕シールヘッド44により圧縮されて脱水され、脱水穴29から汚水排出管33に排水される。ついで出口21cでは解砕装置41の解砕シールヘッド44が回転駆動されて解砕刃44bにより生ごみの圧縮塊が解砕されて定量ずつガス化炉1に供給される。
【0020】
ガス化炉1では、空気不足の状態で加熱されて熱分解(乾溜)され、この未燃分やチャーを含む熱分解ガスが燃焼溶融炉2の溶融部2aに送られて高温で燃焼され、同伴された溶融状態の灰(溶融スラグ)などが捕捉される。この燃焼排ガスは熱回収用の熱回収器8に送られ、排ガス処理装置9により集塵、無害化された後、煙突10から排出される。熱回収器8で加熱された蒸気は、発電設備13の蒸気タービン14に送られて発電に利用される。また蒸気の一部は分岐蒸気管12により脱水定量供給装置6に送られて生ごみの加熱脱水用に使用される。
【0021】
上記実施の形態によれば、排ガスの一部を利用して乾燥し、燃焼溶融炉2の二次燃焼部に戻していた従来例に比べて、破砕された生ごみを圧搾脱水して生ごみの含水率の均等化を図るので、燃焼溶融炉2の溶融部2aの燃焼状態や燃焼温度を安定させることができ、スラグの安定排出に寄与することができる。また燃焼溶融炉2の二次燃焼部2bの温度を高くすることができ、悪臭成分の分解やダイオキシンの熱分解に必要な850℃も容易に確保することができる。さらに排ガス中の水分量も低減することができるので、排ガス量も軽減でき、排ガス処理装置の負担を軽減できる。さらにまた生ごみの水分量が安定し、ガス化炉における燃焼損失が低減され、ごみ燃焼カロリーを安定させることができる。したがって、ガス化溶融運転や発電運転の安定化や発電効率の向上に寄与できる。
【0022】
また、スクリューフィーダを基本構成として生ごみを加熱し、圧縮脱水する脱水定量供給装置6を設けたので、従来の乾燥装置が不要となり、設備のコンパクト化、設備コストの低減をはかることができ、ガス化炉1からのガスの逆流を防止するシール性および安定した定量供給性能に優れ、解砕装置41により生ごみの燃焼状態を改善できる。
【0023】
図5は廃棄物供給装置の他の実施の形態を示す構成図で、先の実施の形態と同一部材には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
先の実施の形態では、破砕した全てのごみを圧縮脱水したが、この実施の形態では、破砕装置5により破砕された生ごみを重量選別手段である風力選別機51に導入して、乾燥ごみと湿潤ごみとに分離し、湿潤ごみを金属選別機52により金属類を除去した後、脱水定量供給装置6に導入するように構成されている。また脱水定量供給装置6から排出された脱水ごみは、ミキサー53に導入されて乾燥ごみと混合攪拌され、低水分ごみとされてガス化炉1に供給される。
【0024】
この実施の形態によれば、湿潤ごみのみを圧縮脱水するように構成したので、さらに効率よく生ごみの脱水を行うことができ、生ごみ全体の水分量を低減できて、運転の安定化をはかることができる。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上に述べたごとく本発明の請求項1記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置によれば、廃棄物を加熱しつつ圧縮して脱水し、解砕してガス化炉に連続して定量供給するので、水分を効率よく脱水することができ、含水率が低くほぼ均等な水分を含む廃棄物をガス化炉に供給することができ、効率よく燃焼させることができる。したがって、乾燥装置を必要としないので、従来のように乾燥排ガスを燃焼溶融炉に戻すことがなく、燃焼溶融炉の燃焼に悪影響を及ぼすことがない。また、定量供給と脱水と内圧調整の機能を1つの装置で行うことができ、設備をコンパクトに構成できるとともに、設備コストの削減に寄与できる。
【0026】
請求項3記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法によれば、廃棄物を加熱しつつ圧縮して脱水し、解砕してガス化炉に連続して定量供給するので、水分を効率よく脱水することができ、含水率が低くほぼ均等な水分を含む廃棄物をガス化炉に供給することができ、効率よく燃焼させることができる。したがって、乾燥装置を必要としないので、従来のように乾燥排ガスを燃焼溶融炉に戻すことがなく、燃焼溶融炉の燃焼に悪影響を及ぼすことがない。
【0027】
請求項4記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法によれば、請求項3記載の発明の効果に加えて、湿潤廃棄物のみを加熱、圧縮脱水するので、廃棄物からより効率よく水 分を除去することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係るガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
【図2】 同廃棄物供給装置の脱水定量供給装置を示す縦断面図である。
【図3】 図2に示すA−A断面図である。
【図4】 同脱水定量供給装置の解砕シールヘッドを示す斜視図である。
【図5】 本発明に係る他の廃棄物供給装置の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ガス化炉
2 燃焼溶融炉
2a 溶融部
2b 二次燃焼部
3 廃棄物供給装置
4 ごみホッパ
5 破砕機
6 脱水定量供給装置
熱回収器
12 分岐蒸気管
21 ケーシング
21a 掻き込み部
21b 脱水部
22 スクリュー羽根
24 駆動軸
24a 加熱蒸気通路
26 加熱蒸気通路
29 脱水孔
41 解砕装置
44 解砕シールヘッド
45 圧密調整用ばね
51 風力分別装置
53 ミキサー
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gasification incinerator equipped with a gasification furnace for pyrolyzing waste and a combustion melting furnace for melting the ash and char entrained by burning the pyrolysis gas, and discarding the gasification furnace. The present invention relates to a waste supply apparatus and a waste supply method for stably supplying a waste .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional gasification and incineration facilities are equipped with a gasification furnace that thermally decomposes waste and a combustion melting furnace that melts ash and char entrained by burning this pyrolysis gas and supplies it to the gasification furnace In some cases, a waste drying device is provided between the crushing device and the quantitative supply device in order to adjust the water content of the waste.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present inventors have proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-355942 that a part of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the melting furnace is introduced into a drying device and the exhaust gas after drying is returned to the secondary combustion section of the combustion melting furnace. By the way, when waste with particularly high water content is dried with a drying device, the dried exhaust gas may be significantly cooled due to moisture evaporation and heat loss in the drying device. By returning to the part, the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion part of the combustion melting furnace is remarkably lowered, and there is a problem that the temperature of 850 ° C. or higher necessary for decomposition of malodorous components and thermal decomposition of dioxin cannot be maintained.
[0004]
The present invention solves the above problems and provides a waste supply apparatus and a waste supply method in a gasification incineration facility that can stably supply a stable amount of waste without lowering the incineration temperature of the furnace. For the purpose.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a waste supply apparatus in a gasification incineration facility according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a gasification furnace for thermally decomposing waste, and a pyrolysis gas pyrolyzed in the gasification furnace. A waste supply device in a gasification incineration facility having a combustion melting furnace for melting ash, char, etc. entrained by combustion, a crusher for crushing waste supplied from a waste hopper, and the crushing And a dehydration quantitative supply device for mechanically dewatering the waste discharged from the machine and sending the dehydrated waste to the gasification furnace in a fixed amount, and the dehydration quantitative supply device is a straight line formed on the inlet side A spiral screw blade is rotatably disposed in a casing having a scraped portion and a conical dewatering portion formed on the outlet side, and an internal pressure is adjusted at the outlet of the casing. Promotes dehydration In addition, a pressure adjusting and pulverizing device for pulverizing the compressed and dehydrated waste is provided, and a heating fluid passage for supplying a heating fluid is formed in at least one of the casing and the screw blade of the scraping portion, and the dehydration A plurality of dewatering holes for dewatering and deaerating the compressed waste from the compressed waste, and the crushing device disposed on the same axis as the casing and driven to rotate, and the rotation The crushing seal head is provided at the tip of the shaft and has a crushing blade, and a compaction adjustment spring that presses the crushing seal head against the outlet side of the casing.
[0006]
According to the above configuration, since the waste is compressed and dehydrated while being heated, the water can be efficiently dehydrated, and further crushed and continuously supplied to the gasification furnace, so the moisture content is low. Waste containing substantially uniform moisture can be supplied to the gasification furnace, whereby the waste can be efficiently burned in the gasification furnace. Therefore, since no drying device is required, the dry exhaust gas is not returned to the combustion melting furnace as in the prior art, and the combustion of the combustion melting furnace is not adversely affected. In addition, the functions of quantitative supply, dehydration, and internal pressure adjustment can be performed by a single device, so that the equipment can be configured compactly and the equipment cost can be reduced.
[0007]
The waste supply apparatus in the gasification and incineration facility according to claim 2 is the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a heat recovery device for recovering heat from the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion melting furnace is provided, A branch steam pipe that supplies a part of the steam that is heated and sent to the power generation facility to the heating fluid passage is provided.
[0008]
The method for supplying waste in a gasification incineration facility according to claim 3 comprises: a gasification furnace for thermally decomposing waste; and a combustion melting furnace for melting ash and char entrained by burning the pyrolysis gas. A waste supply method in a gasification and incineration facility provided, wherein when the waste is supplied to a gasification furnace, the waste after crushing is heated using the waste supply device according to claim 1 or 2. However, the water is dehydrated and degassed from the waste by mechanical compression, and then the waste is crushed and put into a gasifier.
[0009]
According to the above configuration, the waste is compressed and dehydrated while heated, pulverized, and continuously supplied to the gasification furnace, so that moisture can be efficiently dehydrated and the moisture content is low and almost uniform. A waste containing a sufficient amount of water can be supplied to the gasification furnace, and can be burned efficiently. Therefore, since no drying device is required, the dry exhaust gas is not returned to the combustion melting furnace as in the prior art, and the combustion of the combustion melting furnace is not adversely affected.
[0010]
A method for supplying waste in a gasification incineration facility according to claim 4 comprises: a gasification furnace for thermally decomposing waste; and a combustion melting furnace for melting the ash and char entrained by burning the pyrolysis gas. A waste supply method in a gasification and incineration facility provided, wherein after the waste is crushed, the waste is sorted into dry waste and wet waste, and only this wet waste is defined in claim 1 or 2. Using the waste supply device, the crushed waste is mechanically compressed while being heated to dehydrate and deaerate moisture from the waste, and then the waste is crushed and the wet after crushed The dry waste is mixed with the waste and supplied to the gasification furnace.
[0011]
According to the above configuration, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 3, since only wet waste is heated and compressed and dehydrated, moisture can be more efficiently removed from the waste.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Here, an embodiment of a waste supply apparatus in a gasification incineration facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, the gasification incineration facility includes a gasification furnace 1 that thermally decomposes waste, and combusts the pyrolysis gas in a melting part 2a, and captures and collects accompanying ash, char, etc. as molten slag. And a combustion melting furnace 2 composed of a secondary combustion section 2b that completely burns exhaust gas. A waste supply device 3 for supplying raw garbage to the gasification furnace 1 includes a waste hopper 4, a crusher 5 which is a crushing means for roughly crushing the raw garbage, and heating and compressing the raw garbage while stirring. The dehydrating unit 6 is provided with a dehydrating unit for dehydrating and a fixed amount supplying unit for sending out a fixed amount. Further, a heat recovery unit 8 is disposed on the downstream side of the secondary combustion section 2b of the combustion melting furnace 2, and the exhaust gas after heat recovery is rendered harmless by the exhaust gas treatment device 9 and discharged from the chimney 10. The steam heated by the heat recovery unit 8 is introduced into the steam turbine 14 of the power generation facility 13 through the steam supply pipe 11 and the generator 15 is driven to generate power, and part of the food is heated through the branch steam pipe 12. In order to do so, it is sent to the dehydration quantitative supply device 6.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the dehydration fixed amount supply device 6 is configured by a screw feeder having a spiral screw blade 22 having a basic shape that is rotatable in a cylindrical casing 21. That is, the casing 21 includes a cylindrical straight scraping portion 21a to which the dust input duct 20 is connected on the inlet side, and a conical dewatering portion 21b tapered on the outlet side. Further, the drive shaft 24 arranged along the shaft center portion from the base end side of the casing 21 via the bearing 23 and supported in a cantilever manner has an equal diameter portion having the same outer diameter corresponding to the scraping portion 21a. A screw blade 22 comprising a diameter-reduced portion 22b having a reduced diameter on the tip side corresponding to the dewatering portion 21b is provided and is rotationally driven by a compression / feed motor (not shown). The drive shaft 24 is hollow and has a heating steam passage 24a that is a heating fluid passage. The branch steam pipe 12 is connected to the base end portion, and a drain pipe 25 is disposed. The drive shaft 24 and the screw blade 22 It is configured to heat the garbage through.
[0015]
A heating passage cover 27 that forms a heating steam passage 26 that is a heating fluid passage is attached around the scraping portion 21 a of the casing 21. The branch steam pipe 12 is connected to the supply port 27a of the heating passage cover 27, and the garbage is heated through the casing 21 so that the compression dehydration is effectively performed. A drain pipe 28 is connected to the discharge port 27 b of the heating passage 26.
[0016]
A plurality of dewatering holes 29 are formed in the dewatering portion 21b of the casing 21, and a discharge cover 32 that forms a drainage deaeration passage 31 is attached to the dewatering portion 21b. The sewage discharge pipe 33 is connected to the drain port 32a formed at the lower part of the discharge cover 32, and can be drained from the drain port 32a. The deaeration pipe 34 is connected to the deaeration port 32b formed at the upper part. Connected and exhausted.
[0017]
The outlet 21c of the casing 21 is provided with a crushing device 41 that also serves as a pressure regulator for crushing the compressed raw garbage while sealing the garbage of the casing 21 to adjust the internal pressure to promote dehydration. The crushing device 41 is attached to the outlet 21c of the casing 21 and has a box 42 in which a discharge port 42a is formed in the lower portion, and is provided in the opposite side wall 42b facing the outlet 21c so as to be on the same axis as the casing 21. A rotating shaft 43 that is projected and rotated by a crushing motor (not shown), a crushing seal head 44 attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 43, the crushing seal head 44, and an opposing wall 42b. And a compaction adjusting spring 45 that is an urging means capable of adjusting the pressing force that presses the crushing seal head 44 against the outlet 21 a side of the casing 21. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4 , the crushing seal head 44 is provided with a crushing blade 44b that is arranged on the surface of a circular face plate 44a every 90 degrees in the outer diameter direction from the center and protrudes from the center side. Compression of the garbage that is compressed from the gas 21c, is compressed from the gas 21 that is compressed from the gasification furnace 1 while holding the internal pressure of the casing 21 and sealed from the gas flowing backward. The mass can be discharged while being excised and broken into small sections. In addition, the crushing blade 44b is not restricted to this, You may provide 1-3 crushing blades or more.
[0018]
Therefore, by this crushing device 41, the inside of the casing 21 is maintained at an appropriate pressure so that the garbage is compacted and squeezed and dewatered well, and the backflow of gas from the gasification furnace 1 side is prevented, and further, from the outlet 21c. At the time of extrusion, the garbage is finely crushed by the crushing seal head 44 and discharged in a fixed amount, and is compressed and dehydrated, and the food waste containing almost uniform moisture is stably supplied to the gasifier 1 in a fixed quantity. The
[0019]
In the above configuration, the raw garbage supplied from the waste hopper 4 is roughly crushed by the crusher 5 and then quantitatively supplied from the dehydration quantitative supply device 6 to the gasifier 1. At this time, in the dehydration fixed amount supply device 6, the heating steam that is stirred and supplied from the branch steam pipe 12 is supplied to the heating steam passage 24 a of the drive shaft 24 and the heating steam passage 26 in the heating passage cover 27, and is The waste is heated and further compressed by the dewatering portion 21b that is reduced in diameter and the crushing seal head 44 that becomes the discharge resistance, and dehydrated, and is discharged from the dewatering hole 29 to the sewage discharge pipe 33. Next, at the outlet 21c, the crushing seal head 44 of the crushing device 41 is driven to rotate, and the compressed lump of garbage is crushed by the crushing blade 44b and supplied to the gasifier 1 in a fixed amount.
[0020]
In the gasification furnace 1, it is heated and thermally decomposed (dry distillation) in a state of air shortage, and the pyrolysis gas containing unburned matter and char is sent to the melting part 2a of the combustion melting furnace 2 and burned at a high temperature. Accompanied molten ash (molten slag) is captured. The combustion exhaust gas is sent to a heat recovery unit 8 for heat recovery, collected and detoxified by an exhaust gas processing device 9, and then discharged from a chimney 10. The steam heated by the heat recovery unit 8 is sent to the steam turbine 14 of the power generation facility 13 and used for power generation. A part of the steam is sent to the dehydration fixed amount supply device 6 through the branch steam pipe 12 and used for heating and dehydrating the garbage.
[0021]
According to the said embodiment, compared with the prior art example which dried using some exhaust gas and was returned to the secondary combustion part of the combustion melting furnace 2, the crushed garbage is squeezed and dehydrated and garbage is collected. Therefore, the combustion state and the combustion temperature of the melting part 2a of the combustion melting furnace 2 can be stabilized, thereby contributing to the stable discharge of slag. Moreover, the temperature of the secondary combustion part 2b of the combustion melting furnace 2 can be made high, and 850 degreeC required for decomposition | disassembly of a malodorous component and thermal decomposition of dioxin can also be ensured easily. Furthermore, since the amount of water in the exhaust gas can be reduced, the amount of exhaust gas can also be reduced, and the burden on the exhaust gas treatment device can be reduced. Furthermore, the moisture content of the garbage is stabilized, the combustion loss in the gasification furnace is reduced, and the waste combustion calories can be stabilized. Therefore, it can contribute to stabilization of gasification melting operation and power generation operation and improvement of power generation efficiency.
[0022]
In addition, since the dehydration fixed amount supply device 6 for heating and compressing and dewatering the garbage is provided as a basic structure of the screw feeder, the conventional drying device becomes unnecessary, and the equipment can be made compact and the equipment cost can be reduced. The sealing property for preventing the backflow of gas from the gasification furnace 1 and the stable quantitative supply performance are excellent, and the cracking device 41 can improve the combustion state of the garbage.
[0023]
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the waste supply apparatus. The same members as those of the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
In the previous embodiment, all the crushed garbage was compressed and dehydrated, but in this embodiment, the garbage crushed by the crushing device 5 is introduced into the wind power sorter 51 which is a weight sorting means, and dried garbage. The wet waste is separated into wet waste, and after the metal is removed by the metal sorter 52, the wet waste is introduced into the dehydrated quantitative supply device 6. Further, the dewatered waste discharged from the dehydrated fixed amount supply device 6 is introduced into the mixer 53, mixed and stirred with the dry waste, converted into low moisture waste, and supplied to the gasifier 1.
[0024]
According to this embodiment, since the configuration is such that only wet garbage is compressed and dehydrated, it is possible to dehydrate the garbage more efficiently, reduce the moisture content of the whole garbage, and stabilize the operation. Can measure .
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above , according to the waste supply apparatus in the gasification and incineration facility according to the first aspect of the present invention , the waste is compressed while being heated, dehydrated, crushed, and continuously quantified in the gasification furnace. Since the water is supplied, the water can be efficiently dehydrated, and the waste having a low water content and containing almost the same water can be supplied to the gasifier and can be burned efficiently. Therefore, since no drying device is required, the dry exhaust gas is not returned to the combustion melting furnace as in the prior art, and the combustion of the combustion melting furnace is not adversely affected. In addition, the functions of quantitative supply, dehydration, and internal pressure adjustment can be performed by a single device, so that the equipment can be configured compactly and the equipment cost can be reduced.
[0026]
According to the waste supply method in the gasification incineration facility according to claim 3, since the waste is compressed while being heated, dehydrated, crushed and continuously supplied to the gasification furnace, moisture is efficiently supplied. Waste that can be dehydrated, has a low moisture content, and contains almost uniform moisture can be supplied to the gasification furnace, and can be burned efficiently. Therefore, since no drying device is required, the dry exhaust gas is not returned to the combustion melting furnace as in the prior art, and the combustion of the combustion melting furnace is not adversely affected.
[0027]
According to the waste feed method in the gasification incinerator according to claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 3, heating the wet waste only, since the compression dehydration efficiently moisture from the waste Can be removed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a waste supply apparatus in a gasification incineration facility according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a dehydration quantitative supply device of the waste supply device.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a crushing seal head of the dehydration quantitative supply device.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of another waste supply apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification furnace 2 Combustion melting furnace 2a Melting part 2b Secondary combustion part 3 Waste supply apparatus 4 Garbage hopper 5 Crusher 6 Dehydration fixed quantity supply apparatus 8 Heat recovery device 12 Branch steam pipe 21 Casing 21a Scratching part 21b Dehydration part 22 Screw blade 24 Drive shaft 24a Heating steam passage 26 Heating steam passage 29 Dewatering hole 41 Crushing device 44 Crushing seal head 45 Condensation adjustment spring 51 Air force separation device 53 Mixer

Claims (4)

廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉と、このガス化炉で熱分解された熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備したガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置であって、Disposal in a gasification incineration facility equipped with a gasification furnace that thermally decomposes waste and a combustion melting furnace that melts ash and char entrained by burning the pyrolysis gas pyrolyzed in this gasification furnace A product supply device,
ごみホッパーから供給される廃棄物を破砕する破砕機と、当該破砕機から排出されたごみを機械的に脱水するとともに脱水後の廃棄物をガス化炉に定量ずつ送り出す脱水定量供給装置とを具備し、A crusher that crushes the waste supplied from the waste hopper, and a dehydration quantitative supply device that mechanically dehydrates the waste discharged from the crusher and sends the dehydrated waste to the gasification furnace in a fixed amount. And
前記脱水定量供給装置は、入口側に形成された直状の掻き込み部と出口側に形成された先窄まり円錐状の脱水部とを有する筒状のケーシング内に、螺旋状スクリュー羽根を回転自在に配設するとともに、前記ケーシングの出口に、内圧を調整して脱水を促進させるとともに圧縮脱水された廃棄物を解砕する圧力調整兼用の解砕装置を設け、The dehydration quantitative supply device rotates a spiral screw blade in a cylindrical casing having a straight scraping portion formed on the inlet side and a tapered conical dewatering portion formed on the outlet side. While freely disposing, at the outlet of the casing is provided with a pressure adjusting and pulverizing device that adjusts the internal pressure to promote dehydration and pulverize the compressed and dehydrated waste,
前記掻き込み部のケーシングおよびスクリュー羽根の少なくとも一方に、加熱流体を供給する加熱流体通路を形成し、A heating fluid passage for supplying a heating fluid is formed in at least one of the casing and the screw blade of the scraping portion,
前記脱水部のケーシングに、圧縮された廃棄物から脱水および脱気する複数の脱水穴を形成し、A plurality of dewatering holes for dewatering and degassing from the compressed waste are formed in the casing of the dewatering unit,
前記解砕装置を、ケーシングと同一軸心上に配置されて回転駆動される回転軸と、当該回転軸の先端部に設けられて解砕刃を有する解砕シールヘッドと、当該解砕シールヘッドをケーシングの出口側に押し付ける圧密調整用ばねとで構成したThe crushing device includes a rotary shaft that is disposed on the same axis as the casing and is driven to rotate, a crushing seal head that is provided at the tip of the rotary shaft and has a crushing blade, and the crushing seal head And a compaction adjustment spring that presses against the outlet side of the casing
ことを特徴とするガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置。The waste supply apparatus in the gasification incineration facility characterized by this.
燃焼溶融炉から排出された燃焼排ガスから熱回収する熱回収器を設け、A heat recovery unit is provided to recover heat from the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion melting furnace.
前記熱回収器で加熱されて発電設備に送られる蒸気の一部を、加熱流体通路に供給する分岐蒸気管を設けたA branch steam pipe for supplying a part of the steam heated by the heat recovery device and sent to the power generation facility to the heating fluid passage is provided.
請求項1記載のガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給装置。The waste supply apparatus in the gasification incineration facility according to claim 1.
廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉と、この熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備したガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法であって、ガス化炉に廃棄物を供給するに際し、A waste supply method in a gasification incineration facility comprising a gasification furnace for pyrolyzing waste and a combustion melting furnace for melting the ash and char entrained by burning the pyrolysis gas, When supplying waste to the furnace,
請求項1または2記載の廃棄物供給装置を使用して、破砕後の廃棄物を加熱しつつ機械的に圧縮して廃棄物から水分を脱水および脱気した後、廃棄物を解砕してガス化炉に投入する  Using the waste supply device according to claim 1, the crushed waste is mechanically compressed while being heated to dehydrate and deaerate moisture from the waste, and then the waste is crushed. Put into gasifier
ことを特徴とするガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法。A method for supplying waste in a gasification incineration facility.
廃棄物を熱分解するガス化炉と、この熱分解ガスを燃焼して同伴された灰やチャーなどを溶融する燃焼溶融炉とを具備したガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法であって、A waste supply method in a gasification incineration facility comprising a gasification furnace for pyrolyzing waste and a combustion melting furnace for melting the ash or char entrained by burning the pyrolysis gas,
廃棄物を破砕した後、廃棄物を乾燥廃棄物と湿潤廃棄物とに選別し、After crushing waste, sort waste into dry waste and wet waste,
この湿潤廃棄物のみを、請求項1または2記載の廃棄物供給装置を使用して、破砕後の廃棄物を加熱しつつ機械的に圧縮して廃棄物から水分を脱水および脱気した後、廃棄物を解砕し、Using only the wet waste, the waste supply device according to claim 1 or 2 is used to mechanically compress the waste after crushing to dehydrate and degas water from the waste, Crushing the waste,
解砕後の前記湿潤廃棄物に前記乾燥廃棄物を混合してガス化炉に供給するThe dry waste is mixed with the wet waste after pulverization and supplied to the gasifier.
ことを特徴とするガス化焼却設備における廃棄物供給方法。A method for supplying waste in a gasification incineration facility.
JP18797698A 1998-07-03 1998-07-03 Waste supply device and waste supply method in gasification incineration facility Expired - Fee Related JP3818778B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18797698A JP3818778B2 (en) 1998-07-03 1998-07-03 Waste supply device and waste supply method in gasification incineration facility

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18797698A JP3818778B2 (en) 1998-07-03 1998-07-03 Waste supply device and waste supply method in gasification incineration facility

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000018530A JP2000018530A (en) 2000-01-18
JP3818778B2 true JP3818778B2 (en) 2006-09-06

Family

ID=16215442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP18797698A Expired - Fee Related JP3818778B2 (en) 1998-07-03 1998-07-03 Waste supply device and waste supply method in gasification incineration facility

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3818778B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002048319A (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-15 Hiroisa Koizumi Water vapor/combustion gas combustion furnace system
KR100502826B1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2005-07-25 주식회사 지앤씨 Apparatus for buring waste articles
KR20050119968A (en) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-22 조병완 Burning method and apparatus under the heated pulverization status of solid fuel
KR20060029737A (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-07 주식회사 피.케이.지 The incineration method and apparatus for medical waste matter
JP2013204971A (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-07 Hitachi Zosen Corp Method for pre-treatment of waste
CN108006658B (en) * 2018-01-20 2023-12-12 北京中力信达环境技术有限公司 Compact double-combustion-chamber double-flue garbage incinerator
CN109160756B (en) * 2018-11-13 2023-12-19 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 Method and system for producing cement by separating waste
KR101968187B1 (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-04-11 (주)넥스트가스이노베이션 Separator of incineration apparatus for dead livestock
CN110319445A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-10-11 杭州桥遇文化传播有限公司 A kind of Chinese medicine preparation method
CN111578286B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-10-21 西安聚源信息科技有限公司 Garbage incineration device
CN111578285B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-04-19 宁夏中科国通新能源有限公司 Waste incineration treatment device
CN111578287B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-07-12 广州环投永兴集团股份有限公司 Waste incineration equipment
CN114699992B (en) * 2022-02-17 2023-01-06 四川马边龙泰磷电有限责任公司 Calcium nitrate pyrolysis device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000018530A (en) 2000-01-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3818778B2 (en) Waste supply device and waste supply method in gasification incineration facility
US4929254A (en) Down-draft fixed bed gasifier system
KR100315592B1 (en) Method and equipment for disposing wastes
AU754518B2 (en) Gasification reactor apparatus
US5028241A (en) Down-draft fixed bed gasifier system
CA2605774A1 (en) Integrated process for waste treatment by pyrolysis and related plant
JP4476156B2 (en) Dryer
CN110217961A (en) A kind of innoxious sludge at low temperature charing process technique
CN111019675B (en) Household garbage treatment system and method
JP5385396B2 (en) Method for producing hydrogen-containing gas
KR100527041B1 (en) Method and device for producing fuel from food wastes
KR100375819B1 (en) Dryer for adjusting the amount of contained water in sludge
WO2022091492A1 (en) Carbon-based fuel production method and carbon-based fuel production apparatus
JP2001241622A (en) Waste supply method and facility in gasification melting facility
JP2001179204A (en) Waste dehydrating device
KR20040001107A (en) System for treating waste materials
CN209613779U (en) The system for handling house refuse
CN215570468U (en) Internal heating type rural garbage gasification cracking device
JP2994625B1 (en) Carbonization equipment
JP2001289413A (en) Waste treatment facility
CA2946729C (en) Inclined rotary gasifier waste to energy system
CN212132447U (en) Urban garbage classification recycling system
JP7391928B2 (en) Condenser with scraper
JP2002235913A (en) Method and apparatus for mixing wastes with sludge
JPS588597A (en) Dry-distillation gasifier for sludge

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20051226

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20060117

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060320

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20060516

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20060613

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees