JP3655150B2 - Automotive floor assembly equipment - Google Patents

Automotive floor assembly equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3655150B2
JP3655150B2 JP32826799A JP32826799A JP3655150B2 JP 3655150 B2 JP3655150 B2 JP 3655150B2 JP 32826799 A JP32826799 A JP 32826799A JP 32826799 A JP32826799 A JP 32826799A JP 3655150 B2 JP3655150 B2 JP 3655150B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
floor
welding
work
robot
station
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JP32826799A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001138969A (en
Inventor
千稔 加藤
中村  剛
昭次 土井
正 飛田
哲朗 山野邉
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to JP32826799A priority Critical patent/JP3655150B2/en
Priority to US09/686,138 priority patent/US6339204B1/en
Priority to CA002323114A priority patent/CA2323114C/en
Priority to GB0027781A priority patent/GB2356380B/en
Publication of JP2001138969A publication Critical patent/JP2001138969A/en
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  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、エンジンルームを構成するフロントコンポーネントや車室部床面を構成するフロントフロアやトランクルーム床面を構成するリヤフロア等から成る複数のワークを結合して自動車のフロアを組立てるフロア組立装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種のフロア組立装置として、複数のワークを位置決めして支持するセット治具を配置したフロア組立ステーションを備え、フロア組立ステーションの両側部に、動作端に溶接ガンを搭載した複数の溶接ロボットを配置し、これら溶接ロボットによりセット治具上の複数のワークを溶接結合してフロアを組立てるものは知られている(特開平4−193433号公報参照)。
【0003】
そして、このものでは、フロア組立ステーションで組立てられたフロアを前方の次工程ステーションにトランスファバー等の搬送装置で搬送するようにしている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来例の如く搬送装置を設けると、設備費が高くなる。
【0005】
ところで、従来、溶接ロボットにワーク保持具を連結可能なジョイント部を設け、ワークの溶接作業終了後、ジョイント部にワーク保持具を連結し、ワーク保持具に設けた複数のクランプ部材でワークを把持して、ワークを溶接ロボットにより次のステーションに搬送するようにしたものが知られている(特公昭64−6072号公報参照)。
【0006】
かかる技術をフロア組立装置に適用し、フロア組立ステーションの両側部に配置する複数の溶接ロボットのうち1台の溶接ロボットにフロア用の保持具を連結可能なジョイント部を設け、フロアの組立作業終了後、ジョイント部に保持具を連結し、保持具によりフロアを保持して、フロアを1台の溶接ロボットによりフロア組立ステーションから次工程ステーションに搬送することも考えられる。
【0007】
然し、フロアは大形で重いため、1台のロボットでフロアを安定して搬送することは困難であり、また、フロア組立後、保持具をジョイント部に連結してからフロアの搬送を行うため、保持具の連結に要する時間がロスタイムとなって、サイクルタイムが長引くといった不具合を生ずる。尚、保持具を溶接ロボットに連結したままでは、フロアの組立作業に際し保持具がフロアに干渉してしまうため、組立作業中は保持具を溶接ロボットから取外さざるを得ない。
【0008】
本発明は、以上の点に鑑み、溶接ロボットを用いてフロアを安定して迅速に搬送し得るようにし、搬送装置を省略して設備費の削減を図れるようにしたフロア組立装置を提供することを課題としている。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決すべく、本発明は、自動車のフロアを構成する複数のワークを位置決めして支持するセット治具を配置したフロア組立ステーションを備え、フロア組立ステーションの両側部に、動作端に溶接ガンを搭載した複数の溶接ロボットを配置し、これら溶接ロボットによりセット治具上の複数のワークを溶接結合してフロアを組立てるフロア組立装置において、フロア組立ステーションの両側部に配置する溶接ロボットのうち少なくとも各側2台の計4台の溶接ロボットを、動作端に溶接ガンと一定の位置関係でワーク受けを取付けた搬送兼用の溶接ロボットに構成し、これら搬送兼用の溶接ロボットの協調動作によりフロアをワーク受けを介して少なくとも前後左右の4箇所において支持した状態でフロア組立ステーションからその前方の次工程ステーションに搬送自在としている。
【0010】
本発明によれば、少なくとも各側2台計4台の溶接ロボットを搬送兼用ロボットに構成し、これら搬送兼用ロボットによりフロアを前後左右の少なくとも4箇所で支持するため、フロアが大形大重量であってもこれを安定して搬送することができる。また、ワーク受けは、フロアの一部分のみを支持すれば良いため、小さく形成できる。従って、ワーク受けをロボット動作端に取付けたままでもフロアとの干渉を生ずることなくフロアの組立作業を行い得られ、フロア組立後、直ちにワーク受けでフロアを支持し、フロアを迅速に搬送できる。
【0011】
ところで、フロアには、前後左右4箇所に自動車のジャッキアップに際してジャッキを当てるジャッキアップポイント部が設けられている。この部分は剛性が高く、各搬送兼用ロボットのワーク受けでフロアの各ジャッキアップポイント部を支持すれば、フロアの支持の安定性が向上する。この場合、少なくとも1台の搬送兼用ロボットのワーク受けを、対応するジャッキアップポイント部を前後左右に位置決めして支持するように構成し、フロアの搬送中の位置ずれを防止することが望ましい。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1及び図2は自動車のフロア組立装置を示している。この組立装置は、フロントコンポーネントW1とフロントフロアW2とリヤフロアW3とを溶接結合してフロアWを組立てるフロア組立ステーションST1と、その前方の増打ラインとを備えている。増打ラインは、投入ステーションST2と複数の増打ステーションST31〜ST3nと払出しステーションST4とを前後方向に直列に配置して構成されている。増打ラインには、投入ステーションST2から払出しステーションST4に向けてシャトルバー1によりガイドレール2に沿って間歇送りされる台車3が設けられている。そして、フロア組立ステーションST1で組立てられたフロアWを投入ステーションST2において台車3上にセットし、各増打ステーションST31〜ST3nにおいてその両側部に配置した複数の溶接ロボット4によりフロアWに増打ち溶接を施し、払出しステーションST4において図外の移載機により台車3からフロアWを取上げ、空になった台車3を床面下のリターン路5を介して投入ステーションST1に戻している。
【0013】
フロア組立ステーションST1には、フロントコンポーネントW1とフロントフロアW2とリヤフロアW3とを位置決めして支持するセット治具6が配置されている。また、フロア組立ステーションST1の左右両側部に、夫々、前後3台の溶接ロボット71,72,73を配置すると共に、フロア組立ステーションST1の後方にリヤパネルW3a用の移載ロボット8を配置し、更に、移載ロボット8の配置部の斜め後方に、ターンテーブル9aにより後側の投入位置と前側の取出位置とに交互に反転されるリヤパネルW3a用の1対の置台9,9を配置している。そして、投入位置に存する置台9にリヤパネルW3aを手作業で載置し、置台9を取出位置に反転させて、リヤパネルW3aを移載ロボット8で取上げるようにしている。
【0014】
フロントコンポーネントW1とフロントフロアW2とリヤフロアW3はフロア組立ステーションST1にその上方から投入されてセット治具6上にセットされるようになっている。これを詳述するに、図1,図3及び図4に示す如く、フロア組立ステーションST1の一側部上方のワーク供給場所10に搬送手段11によってフロントコンポーネントW1とフロントフロアW2とリヤフロアW3とを搬入すると共に、フロア組立ステーションST1の他側部上方に天井枠12を架設して、この天井枠12上にフロントコンポーネントW1用とフロントフロアW2用とリヤフロアW3用の計3台の移載ロボット131,132,133を前後に間隔を存して配置し、ワーク供給場所10に搬入されたフロントコンポーネントW1とフロントフロアW2とリヤフロアW3とをこれら移載ロボット131,132,133により取上げてフロア組立ステーションST1に上方から投入するようにしている。
【0015】
搬送手段11は、ワーク搬入場所10を通る天井コンベアレール11aと、該レール11aに沿って移動するフロントコンポーネントW1用とフロントフロアW2用とリヤフロアW3用の搬送台車11b1,11b2,11b3とで構成されている。コンベアレール11aは、図示しないが、ワーク搬入場所10の下流部においてフロントコンポーネントW1用とフロントフロアW2用とリヤフロアW3用の各ワーク組立ラインを通る3本のレールに分岐しており、各搬送台車11b1,11b2,11b3を対応するワーク組立ラインに移動させて、各搬送台車11b1,11b2,11b3に各ワークを載置し、その後これら搬送台車11b1,11b2,11b3を合流させてワーク搬入場所10に送り込むようにしている。
【0016】
前記各移載ロボット131,132,133は、鉛直軸線回りに旋回自在な旋回台130と、旋回台130に第1関節部131を介して揺動自在に連結した第1アーム132と、第1アーム132の先端に第2関節部133を介して揺動自在に連結した第2アーム134と、第2アーム134の先端の3軸構造の手首135とを有する6軸の汎用ロボットで構成されており、手首135に、フロントコンポーネントW1やフロントフロアW2やリヤフロアW3から成る各ワークを保持するワーク保持具136を取付けている。
【0017】
これらワークW1,W2,W3のフロア組立ステーションST1への投入に際しては、先ず図4(A)に示す如く各移載ロボット131,132,133のアーム132,134をワーク搬入場所10に向けて伸ばし、ワーク保持具136により対応する各ワークW1,W2,W3を保持して各搬送台車11b1,11b2,11b3から持上げ、次に、搬送台車11b1,11b2,11b3をワーク搬入場所10から送り出すと共に、各ワークW1,W2,W3をワーク搬入場所10と天井枠12との間の空隙上に臨む位置にシフトし、その後各ワークW1,W2,W3を空隙を通して下降させる。
【0018】
この場合、各ワークW1,W2,W3を取上げた後、各移載ロボット131,132,133のアーム132,134の動きで各ワークW1,W2,W3を横方向に平行移動して空隙上に臨む位置にシフトすることも考えられるが、これでは、移載ロボット131,132,133としてアーム長の短い小形のロボットを用いると、ワーク保持具136やワークが移載ロボット131,132,133の第1関節部131に干渉してしまう。そこで、本実施形態では、各ワークW1,W2,W3を取上げた後、図4(B)に示す如く各移載ロボット131,132,133の旋回台130の動きで各ワークW1,W2,W3を空隙上に臨む位置に旋回移動させている。これによれば、アーム132,134を伸ばしてワーク保持具136やワークを第1関節部131から離間させたまま各ワークW1,W2,W3を空隙上に臨む位置にシフトすることができる。図5を参照して、A1,A2,A3は各ワークW1,W2,W3の持上げ位置、B1,B2,B3は空隙上に臨む各ワークW1,W2,W3の旋回位置を示している。そして、上記の如く各ワークW1,W2,W3を旋回させた後、旋回位置から各ワークW1,W2,W3を空隙を通して下降させてC1,C2,C3で示す待機位置に搬送し、フロア投入ステーションST1からフロアWが払い出されたとき、待機位置から各ワークW1,W2,W3をD1,D2,D3で示すセット治具6の直上部の整列位置に搬送して、各ワークW1,W2,W3を互に所要の位置関係に整列させ、次いで各ワークW1,W2,W3を真直に下降させて、E1,E2,E3で示すセット治具6上のセット位置に載置するようにしている。
【0019】
尚、最後位の第3移載ロボット133で移載するリヤフロアW3は旋回位置において前後方向に沿う正規の姿勢に保持されるが、中間の第2移載ロボット132で移載するフロントフロアW2や最前位の第1移載ロボット131で移載するフロントコンポーネントW1は、第3移載ロボット133や第2移載ロボット132に干渉しないよう、旋回位置において斜め横方向を向く姿勢に変更され、旋回位置から待機位置に搬送する際に前後方向に沿う正規の姿勢に戻される。
【0020】
上記の如くセット治具6上にフロントコンポーネントW1とフロントフロアW2とリヤフロアW3とをセットすると、各移載ロボット131,132,133の動作で各ワーク保持具136を上昇させて、ワーク供給場所10に搬入する次のワークW1,W2,W3の投入作業に備えると共に、フロア組立ステーションST1の左右各側の最前位の第1溶接ロボット71と中間の第2溶接ロボット72とにより夫々フロントコンポーネントW1とフロントフロアW2との接合部とフロントフロアW2とリヤフロアW3の接合部とを溶接し、更に、移載ロボット8によりリヤパネルW3aをリヤフロアW3の後端に接合し、左右各側の最後位の第3溶接ロボット73によりリヤパネルW3aとリヤフロアW3との接合部を溶接して、フロアWの組立てを行う。
【0021】
尚、各溶接ロボット71,72,73は、移載ロボット131,132,133と同様に、鉛直軸線回りに旋回自在な旋回台70と、旋回台70に第1関節部71を介して揺動自在に連結した第1アーム72と、第1アーム72の先端に第2関節部73を介して揺動自在に連結した第2アーム74と、第2アーム74の先端の3軸構造の手首75とを有する6軸の汎用ロボットで構成されており、手首75に溶接ガン76を取付けている。
【0022】
フロアWの組立作業が完了すると、フロアWをフロア組立ステーションST1から次工程ステーションたる増打ラインの投入ステーションST2に搬送する。この場合、専用の搬送装置を用いてフロアWの搬送を行うことも可能であるが、本実施形態では、フロア組立ステーションST1の左右両側の第1と第2の計4台の溶接ロボット71,71,72,72をフロアWの搬送を行う搬送兼用の溶接ロボットに構成し、専用の搬送装置を省略して設備費を削減し得るようにしている。
【0023】
これを詳述するに、第1と第2の溶接ロボット71,72の旋回台70を、フロア組立ステーションST1の側部から投入ステーションST2の側部に亘って敷設した軌道77aに沿って自走する各走行台77に載置して、各溶接ロボット71,72をフロア組立ステーションST1と投入ステーションST2とに往復動自在とし、更に、第1と第2の各溶接ロボット71,72の手首75に、後記詳述する如く、支持フレーム78を介して溶接ガン76を取付けると共に、支持フレーム76にフロアWの一部分を支持するワーク受け79を取付けている。そして、フロアWの組立作業完了後、左右両側の第1と第2の計4台の溶接ロボット71,71,72,72の協調動作により、図6(A)(B)に示す如く、フロアWをこれら各溶接ロボット71,72のワーク受け79を介して前後左右の4箇所で支持し、この状態でこれら各溶接ロボット71,72を各走行台77の動きで投入ステーションST2側に往動させて、フロアWをフロア組立ステーションST1から投入ステーションST2に搬送し、投入ステーションSTに存する台車3上にフロアWを載置するようにしている。
【0024】
ここで、各溶接ロボット71,72の手首75は、第2アーム74の先端に第2アーム74の長手方向のu軸回りに回動自在に連結した第1手首部材75aと、第1手首部材75aにu軸に直交するv軸回りに回動自在に連結した第2手首部材75bと、第2手首部材75bにv軸に直交するw軸回りに回動自在に連結した第3手首部材75cとで構成されている。支持フレーム78は、図7,図8に示す如く、手首先端の手首部材たる第3手首部材75cに連結される、第3手首部材75cの回転軸線たるw軸と直交する方向に長手の一側の側枠78aと、この側枠78aに平行な他側の側枠78bと、両側枠78a,78bを結合する両端のクロスメンバ78c,78dとで方形に枠組みされている。溶接ガン76は、ガン本体76aに1対のガンアーム76b,76bをアームホルダ76c,76cを介して軸支して、加圧シリンダ76dにより両ガンアーム76b,76bを開閉するようにしたトランス76e付きのX形ガンで構成されている。そして、ガン本体76aを支持フレーム78の両側枠78a,78b間に位置させて、ガン本体76aの両端を支持フレーム78の両端のクロスメンバ78c,78dにボルト止めしている。かくて、溶接ガン76は、両側枠78a,78b間にガンアーム76bが両側枠78a,78bの長手方向一方に突出するように取付けられる。尚、溶接ガン76はC形ガンであっても良い。
【0025】
前記ワーク受け79は、支持フレーム78の他側の側枠78bの外側面にブラケット79aを介して固設されている。かくて、ガンアーム76b,76bの突出方向とは異なる方向にワーク受け79が設けられることになり、ガンアーム76bをフロアW側に向けてフロアWの組立作業を行う際のフロアWに対するワーク受け79の干渉が防止されると共に、ワーク受け79をフロアW側に向けてフロアWを支持する際のフロアWに対するガンアーム76bの干渉が防止される。また、ワーク受け79の固設位置は、他側の側枠78bの前記w軸に合致する長手方向位置に設定されている。これによれば、ワーク受け79でフロアWを支持したときにワーク受け79に作用する荷重の作用線がw軸を含む鉛直面に合致する。そして、ワーク受け79をフロアW側に向けてフロアWを支持するとき、手首75はほぼ真直に伸びてu軸を含む鉛直面とw軸を含む鉛直面とが合致するため、第1手首部材75aと第3手首部材75cとにはフロアWの荷重による回転モーメントが作用しなくなり、フロアWの支持の安定性が向上する。
【0026】
ワーク受け79には、図9に示す如く、フロアWの下面4箇所の各ジャッキアップポイント部Waを受け入れる凹溝79bが形成されており、フロアWをワーク受け79によりジャッキアップポイント部Waにおいて左右に位置決めして支持し得るようにしている。また、左右両側の搬送兼用の4台の溶接ロボット71,71,72,72のうち少なくとも1台の溶接ロボットのワーク受け79は、図10に示す如く、凹溝79bの長手方向両側に立設した1対のストッパ79c,79cを備え、対応するジャッキアップポイント部Waを前後左右に位置決めして支持し得るように構成されている。かくて、搬送兼用の4台の溶接ロボット71,71,72,72によりフロアWを剛性の高い4箇所のジャッキアップポイント部Waにおいて安定に支持できると共に、搬送中のフロアWの位置ずれも防止できる。また、フロアWの搬送に際しては、ジャッキアップポイント部Waを前後左右に位置決めして支持する図10に示すワーク受け79を取付けた溶接ロボットを基準にし、この溶接ロボットの投入ステーションST2側への往動に協調させて他の溶接ロボットを投入ステーションST2側に往動させる。
【0027】
尚、溶接ガン76のガン本体76aの側面にワーク受け79を取付けることも考えらえるが、これではフロアWの荷重がガン本体76aに作用し、溶接ガン76に悪影響が及ぶ。そのため、上記の如く支持フレーム78にワーク受け79を取付けて、フロアWの荷重がガン本体76aに作用しないようにしている。
【0028】
ところで、フロア組立ステーションST1の他側部上方に架設する前記天井枠12は、該ステーションST1の他側の搬送兼用溶接ロボット71,72の軌道77aの配置部よりも外方に立設した複数の支柱12aと、他側の第2と第3の両溶接ロボット72,73の配置部間に立設した支柱12bとで支えられている。更に、これだけでは天井枠12の前方部分の支持剛性が不足するため、天井枠12の前端部に一側方にのびるブリッジ部12cを連結し、このブリッジ部12cの端部を一側の搬送兼用溶接ロボット71,72の軌道77aの配置部よりも外方に立設した支柱12dで支えている。そして、この天井枠12上にフロントコンポーネントW1用とフロントフロアW2用とリヤフロアW3用の移載ロボット131,132,133を配置することにより、天井枠12の下方を空きスペースとし、この空きスペースにおいて搬送兼用溶接ロボット71,72をフロア組立ステーションST1と投入ステーションST2とに往復動させて、フロアWの搬送を行うことができる。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、フロア組立ステーションでフロアを組立てた後、複数の溶接ロボットの協調動作でフロアを安定して迅速に次工程ステーションに搬送でき、専用の搬送装置が不要となって、設備費の削減を図れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係るフロア組立装置の一例の側面図
【図2】 図1のII-II線から見たフロア組立装置の平面図
【図3】 図1のIII-III線から見たフロア組立ステーションの正面図
【図4】 (A)ワーク取上げ時の移載ロボットの状態を示す平面図、(B)ワーク旋回時の移載ロボットの状態を示す平面図
【図5】 ワーク投入時のワークの移動軌跡を示す図
【図6】 (A)フロア搬送時の溶接ロボットの状態を示す図1の矢印VI方向から見た正面図、(B)フロア搬送時の溶接ロボットの状態を示す平面図
【図7】 搬送兼用溶接ロボットの先端を示す平面図
【図8】 図7の矢印VIII方向から見た正面図
【図9】 図7の矢印IX方向から見たワーク受けの側面図
【図10】 2方向の位置決め機能を持つワーク受けを示す斜視図
【符号の説明】
W フロア Wa ジャッキアップポイント部
ST1 フロア組立ステーション 6 セット治具
1,72 搬送兼用溶接ロボット 76 溶接ガン
79 ワーク受け
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a floor assembling apparatus for assembling a vehicle floor by combining a plurality of workpieces including a front component constituting an engine room, a front floor constituting a vehicle compartment floor, a rear floor constituting a trunk room floor, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this kind of floor assembly equipment, a floor assembly station has been installed which has set jigs that position and support multiple workpieces, and a plurality of welds with welding guns mounted on the operating ends on both sides of the floor assembly station It is known that a robot is arranged and a floor is assembled by welding a plurality of workpieces on a set jig by these welding robots (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-193433).
[0003]
In this case, the floor assembled at the floor assembly station is transported to the next process station ahead by a transport device such as a transfer bar.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If a transport device is provided as in the above-described conventional example, the equipment cost increases.
[0005]
By the way, conventionally, a welding robot is provided with a joint part that can connect the work holder, and after the work is welded, the work holder is connected to the joint part and the work is held by a plurality of clamp members provided on the work holder. A work is known in which a workpiece is conveyed to the next station by a welding robot (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-6072).
[0006]
Applying this technology to the floor assembly equipment, providing a joint that can connect the floor holder to one of the welding robots arranged on both sides of the floor assembly station, and completing the floor assembly work Thereafter, it is also conceivable to connect a holding tool to the joint part, hold the floor with the holding tool, and transport the floor from the floor assembly station to the next process station by one welding robot.
[0007]
However, since the floor is large and heavy, it is difficult to stably transport the floor with a single robot. Also, after the floor is assembled, the holder is connected to the joint and then the floor is transported. The time required for connecting the holders becomes a loss time, resulting in a problem that the cycle time is prolonged. If the holder is connected to the welding robot, the holder will interfere with the floor during the floor assembly operation, and the holder must be removed from the welding robot during the assembly operation.
[0008]
In view of the above, the present invention provides a floor assembling apparatus that can stably and quickly convey a floor using a welding robot, and that can reduce a facility cost by omitting a conveying apparatus. Is an issue.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention includes a floor assembly station in which a set jig for positioning and supporting a plurality of workpieces constituting an automobile floor is arranged, and welded to both ends of the floor assembly station and to the operation end. Among the welding robots that are arranged on both sides of the floor assembly station in a floor assembly apparatus in which a plurality of welding robots equipped with guns are arranged and a plurality of workpieces on a set jig are welded and assembled by these welding robots to assemble a floor At least four welding robots on each side, totaling four welding robots, are configured as a transfer-and-use welding robot with a work receiver attached to the welding gun at a fixed positional relationship at the operating end. Is supported from the floor assembly station in a state where it is supported at least at four locations on the front, rear, left and right sides via the workpiece receiver. It is freely transported in front of the next process station.
[0010]
According to the present invention, at least two welding robots on each side in total are configured as a transfer robot, and the floor is supported by at least four places on the front, rear, left and right by these transfer robots. Even if it exists, this can be conveyed stably. Further, since the work receiver needs to support only a part of the floor, it can be formed small. Accordingly, the floor can be assembled without causing interference with the floor even when the workpiece receiver is attached to the robot operation end, and the floor can be quickly supported by the workpiece receiver immediately after the floor is assembled.
[0011]
By the way, the floor is provided with jack-up points at four places in the front, rear, left, and right for jacking up the automobile. This portion has high rigidity, and if each jack-up point portion of the floor is supported by a work receiver of each transfer robot, the stability of the floor support is improved. In this case, it is desirable that the work receivers of at least one transfer-and-use robot be configured to support the corresponding jack-up point portions by positioning them in the front-rear and left-right directions to prevent positional displacement during transfer of the floor.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 and 2 show an automobile floor assembly apparatus. This assembling apparatus includes a floor assembling station ST1 for assembling the floor W by welding the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3, and a front beating line. Increasing punch line is constructed by arranging in series a dosing station ST2 and a plurality of intensifying striking station ST3 1 ~ST3 n and payout station ST4 in the longitudinal direction. The additional hitting line is provided with a carriage 3 that is intermittently fed along the guide rail 2 by the shuttle bar 1 from the loading station ST2 to the dispensing station ST4. Then, set on the carriage 3 in the input station ST2 floor W assembled in the floor assembly station ST1, increasing the floor W by a plurality of welding robots 4 arranged on both sides thereof at each increasing punch station ST3 1 ~ST3 n At the payout station ST4, the floor W is picked up from the carriage 3 by a transfer machine (not shown), and the empty carriage 3 is returned to the input station ST1 via the return path 5 below the floor.
[0013]
In the floor assembly station ST1, a setting jig 6 for positioning and supporting the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 is disposed. Further, three welding robots 7 1 , 7 2 , and 7 3 are arranged on the left and right sides of the floor assembly station ST1, respectively, and a transfer robot 8 for the rear panel W3a is arranged behind the floor assembly station ST1. Furthermore, a pair of mounting bases 9 and 9 for the rear panel W3a, which are alternately reversed between the rear loading position and the front unloading position by the turntable 9a, are disposed obliquely behind the mounting portion of the transfer robot 8. is doing. Then, the rear panel W3a is manually placed on the table 9 at the loading position, the table 9 is reversed to the take-out position, and the rear panel W3a is picked up by the transfer robot 8.
[0014]
The front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 are put into the floor assembly station ST1 from above and set on the setting jig 6. In detail, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 are moved by the conveying means 11 to the work supply place 10 above one side of the floor assembly station ST1. In addition to carrying in, a ceiling frame 12 is installed above the other side of the floor assembly station ST1, and a total of three transfer robots 13 for the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 are mounted on the ceiling frame 12. 1 , 13 2 , 13 3 are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction, and the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 carried into the work supply place 10 are transferred to these transfer robots 13 1 , 13 2 , 13 3. Thus, it is introduced into the floor assembly station ST1 from above.
[0015]
Conveying means 11, and the ceiling conveyor rails 11a through the work loading location 10, the transport vehicle 11b 1, 11b 2, 11b 3 for the front component W1 for the front floor for W2 rear floor W3 which moves along the rail 11a It consists of Although not shown, the conveyor rail 11a is branched into three rails that pass through the work assembly lines for the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 in the downstream portion of the work carry-in place 10, and each transfer carriage. 11b 1, 11b 2, 11b 3 and is moved to the corresponding work assembly line, each workpiece is placed on the conveyance carriage 11b 1, 11b 2, 11b 3, then these conveyance carriage 11b 1, 11b 2, 11b 3 Are combined and sent to the work loading place 10.
[0016]
Each of the transfer robots 13 1 , 13 2 , and 13 3 includes a turntable 130 that can turn around a vertical axis, and a first arm 132 that is swingably connected to the turntable 130 via a first joint portion 131. A six-axis general-purpose robot having a second arm 134 pivotably connected to the tip of the first arm 132 via a second joint 133 and a wrist 135 having a three-axis structure at the tip of the second arm 134. The work holder 136 for holding the work composed of the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 is attached to the wrist 135.
[0017]
When the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 are loaded into the floor assembly station ST1, first , the arms 132 and 134 of the transfer robots 13 1, 13 2, and 13 3 are moved to the workpiece loading place 10 as shown in FIG. stretched toward the lifting from the corresponding workpieces W1, W2, W3 each conveyance carriage 11b 1 holds, 11b 2, 11b 3 by the workpiece retainer 136, then the conveyance carriage 11b 1, 11b 2, 11b 3 The workpieces W1, W2, and W3 are shifted to positions facing the gaps between the workpiece loading place 10 and the ceiling frame 12, and then the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 are lowered through the gaps. .
[0018]
In this case, after picking up the workpieces W1, W2, and W3, the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 are translated in the lateral direction by the movement of the arms 132 and 134 of the transfer robots 13 1 , 13 2 , and 13 3. Although it is conceivable to shift to a position facing the gap, in this case, when a small robot having a short arm length is used as the transfer robot 13 1 , 13 2 , 13 3 , the work holder 136 or the work is transferred to the transfer robot. The first joint portion 131 of 13 1 , 13 2 , 13 3 interferes. Therefore, in this embodiment, after picking up the workpieces W1, W2, and W3, as shown in FIG. 4B, the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 are moved by the movement of the turntable 130 of the transfer robots 13 1 , 13 2 , and 13 3 . W2 and W3 are swung to positions facing the gap. According to this, each of the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 can be shifted to a position facing the gap while the arms 132 and 134 are extended and the workpiece holder 136 and the workpiece are separated from the first joint portion 131. Referring to FIG. 5, A1, A2 and A3 indicate the lifting positions of the workpieces W1, W2 and W3, and B1, B2 and B3 indicate the turning positions of the workpieces W1, W2 and W3 facing the gap. Then, after each of the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 is turned as described above, each of the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 is lowered from the turning position through the gap and is transported to a standby position indicated by C1, C2, and C3. When the floor W is paid out from ST1, the workpieces W1, W2, W3 are transported from the standby position to the alignment position immediately above the set jig 6 indicated by D1, D2, D3, and the workpieces W1, W2, W3 is aligned in a required positional relationship with each other, and then the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 are lowered straight and placed at the set position on the set jig 6 indicated by E1, E2, and E3. .
[0019]
Although rear floor W3 of transferring the third transfer robot 13 3 of the last position is held in normal position along the longitudinal direction at a pivot position, a front floor for transferring the second transfer intermediate robot 13 2 The front component W1 to be transferred by W2 or the foremost first transfer robot 13 1 is oriented obliquely laterally at the turning position so as not to interfere with the third transfer robot 13 3 or the second transfer robot 13 2. And is returned to a normal posture along the front-rear direction when transported from the turning position to the standby position.
[0020]
When the front component W1, the front floor W2, and the rear floor W3 are set on the setting jig 6 as described above, the workpiece holders 136 are raised by the operations of the transfer robots 13 1 , 13 2 , and 13 3 , together provided the closing operations of the next workpiece W1, W2, W3 of carrying the feed location 10, the first welding robot 7 1 and the second welding robot 7 2 intermediate the right and left on each side of the foremost position of the floor assembly station ST1 The joint between the front component W1 and the front floor W2 and the joint between the front floor W2 and the rear floor W3 are welded to each other, and the rear panel W3a is joined to the rear end of the rear floor W3 by the transfer robot 8, and by welding the joint portion between the rear panel W3a and rear floor W3 by the third welding robot 7 3 of the last position, the floor W set Your hands do.
[0021]
The welding robots 7 1 , 7 2 , and 7 3 are similar to the transfer robots 13 1 , 13 2 , and 13 3 , respectively. A first arm 72 that is swingably connected via 71, a second arm 74 that is swingably connected to the tip of the first arm 72 via a second joint 73, and a tip of the second arm 74. It is composed of a six-axis general-purpose robot having a wrist 75 having a three-axis structure, and a welding gun 76 is attached to the wrist 75.
[0022]
When the assembly work of the floor W is completed, the floor W is transported from the floor assembly station ST1 to the input station ST2 of the additional hitting line as the next process station. In this case, the floor W can be transported using a dedicated transport device, but in the present embodiment, a total of four welding robots 7 1 on both the left and right sides of the floor assembly station ST1. , 7 1 , 7 2 , and 7 2 are configured as a welding robot that also conveys the floor W, so that a dedicated conveying device can be omitted to reduce the equipment cost.
[0023]
In detail, the swivel base 70 of the first and second welding robots 7 1 and 7 2 is along a track 77a laid from the side of the floor assembly station ST1 to the side of the loading station ST2. The welding robots 7 1 and 7 2 are placed on the respective traveling platforms 77 that are self-propelled so that the welding robots 7 1 and 7 2 can reciprocate between the floor assembly station ST1 and the loading station ST2, and further, the first and second welding robots 7 1. , 7 2 of the wrist 75, as will be described later in detail, along with mounting the welding gun 76 through a support frame 78, it is attached a workpiece receiving 79 for supporting a portion of the floor W to the support frame 76. Then, after the assembly work of the floor W is completed, the cooperative operation of the first and second welding robots 7 1 , 7 1 , 7 2 , 7 2 on both the left and right sides is performed as shown in FIGS. as shown, the floor W each of these welding robots 7 1, 7 is supported at four points of left and right front and rear through second workpiece receiving 79, movement of each driving board 77 of respective welding robots 7 1, 7 2 in this state Is moved to the loading station ST2 side, the floor W is transported from the floor assembly station ST1 to the loading station ST2, and the floor W is placed on the carriage 3 existing in the loading station ST.
[0024]
Here, the wrist 75 of each welding robot 7 1 , 7 2 is connected to the tip of the second arm 74 so as to be rotatable about the u-axis in the longitudinal direction of the second arm 74, and the first wrist member 75a. A second wrist member 75b connected to the wrist member 75a so as to be rotatable about a v-axis orthogonal to the u-axis, and a third wrist connected to the second wrist member 75b so as to be rotatable about a w-axis orthogonal to the v-axis. It is comprised with the member 75c. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the support frame 78 is connected to a third wrist member 75 c that is a wrist member at the tip of the wrist, and is one side long in a direction perpendicular to the w axis that is the rotation axis of the third wrist member 75 c. The side frame 78a, the other side frame 78b parallel to the side frame 78a, and the cross members 78c and 78d at both ends connecting the both side frames 78a and 78b are squarely framed. The welding gun 76 is provided with a transformer 76e in which a pair of gun arms 76b and 76b are pivotally supported on a gun body 76a via arm holders 76c and 76c, and both gun arms 76b and 76b are opened and closed by a pressure cylinder 76d. It consists of an X-shaped gun. The gun body 76 a is positioned between the side frames 78 a and 78 b of the support frame 78, and both ends of the gun body 76 a are bolted to the cross members 78 c and 78 d at both ends of the support frame 78. Thus, the welding gun 76 is attached between the side frames 78a and 78b so that the gun arm 76b protrudes in one longitudinal direction of the side frames 78a and 78b. The welding gun 76 may be a C-shaped gun.
[0025]
The work receiver 79 is fixed to the outer surface of the side frame 78b on the other side of the support frame 78 via a bracket 79a. Thus, the workpiece receiver 79 is provided in a direction different from the protruding direction of the gun arms 76b, 76b, and the workpiece receiver 79 with respect to the floor W when the assembly work of the floor W is performed with the gun arm 76b facing the floor W side. Interference is prevented, and interference of the gun arm 76b with the floor W when supporting the floor W with the work receiver 79 facing the floor W is prevented. Further, the fixed position of the workpiece receiver 79 is set to a longitudinal position that matches the w-axis of the other side frame 78b. According to this, when the floor W is supported by the workpiece receiver 79, the line of action of the load acting on the workpiece receiver 79 coincides with the vertical plane including the w axis. When supporting the floor W with the work receiver 79 facing the floor W side, the wrist 75 extends substantially straight and the vertical plane including the u axis and the vertical plane including the w axis match, so the first wrist member The rotational moment due to the load on the floor W does not act on the 75a and the third wrist member 75c, and the support stability of the floor W is improved.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 9, the work receiver 79 is formed with concave grooves 79 b for receiving the jack-up point portions Wa at the four positions on the lower surface of the floor W, and the floor W is left and right at the jack-up point portion Wa by the work receiver 79. It can be positioned and supported. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the workpiece receiver 79 of at least one of the four welding robots 7 1 , 7 1 , 7 2 , and 7 2 that is also used for conveyance on the left and right sides is a longitudinal direction of the concave groove 79b. A pair of stoppers 79c, 79c provided upright on both sides are provided, and the corresponding jack-up point portions Wa can be positioned and supported in the front-rear and left-right directions. Thus, the four welding robots 7 1 , 7 1 , 7 2 , and 7 2 that are also used for conveyance can stably support the floor W at the four rigid jack-up points Wa, and the floor W that is being conveyed Misalignment can also be prevented. Further, when the floor W is transported, the welding robot with the work receiver 79 shown in FIG. 10 that supports the jack-up point portion Wa positioned in the front, rear, left, and right directions is used as a reference, and the welding robot travels to the input station ST2 side. The other welding robot is moved forward to the loading station ST2 side in coordination with the movement.
[0027]
Although it is conceivable to attach the workpiece receiver 79 to the side surface of the gun main body 76a of the welding gun 76, the load of the floor W acts on the gun main body 76a, and the welding gun 76 is adversely affected. Therefore, the work receiver 79 is attached to the support frame 78 as described above so that the load on the floor W does not act on the gun body 76a.
[0028]
By the way, the ceiling frame 12 installed above the other side portion of the floor assembly station ST1 is erected outward from the arrangement portion of the track 77a of the conveyance and welding robots 7 1 and 7 2 on the other side of the station ST1. It is supported by a plurality of struts 12a and a strut 12b erected between the arrangement portions of the second and third welding robots 7 2 and 7 3 on the other side. Furthermore, since the supporting rigidity of the front portion of the ceiling frame 12 is insufficient with this alone, a bridge portion 12c extending to one side is connected to the front end portion of the ceiling frame 12, and the end portion of the bridge portion 12c is also used as a conveyance on one side. The welding robots 7 1 and 7 2 are supported by a support column 12d erected outward from the arrangement portion of the track 77a. Then, by placing transfer robots 13 1 , 13 2 , 13 3 for the front component W1, front floor W2, and rear floor W3 on the ceiling frame 12, the space below the ceiling frame 12 is made empty. It is possible to transport the floor W by reciprocating the welding and welding robots 7 1 and 7 2 to the floor assembly station ST1 and the loading station ST2 in an empty space.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, after the floor is assembled at the floor assembly station, the floor can be stably and quickly transferred to the next process station by the cooperative operation of the welding robots. Equipment is no longer required and equipment costs can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an example of a floor assembling apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the floor assembling apparatus as viewed from the line II-II in FIG. Front view of the floor assembly station [Fig. 4] (A) Plan view showing the state of the transfer robot when picking up the workpiece, (B) Plan view showing the state of the transfer robot when turning the workpiece [Fig. FIG. 6A is a front view showing the state of the welding robot when transporting the floor, as viewed from the direction of arrow VI in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the state of the welding robot when transporting the floor. Plan view [Fig. 7] Plan view showing the tip of the transfer welding robot [Fig. 8] Front view seen from the direction of arrow VIII in Fig. 7 [Fig. 9] Side view of the work receiver seen from the direction of arrow IX in Fig. 7 [ FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a work receiver having a positioning function in two directions.
W Floor Wa Jack-up point section ST1 Floor assembly station 6 Set jigs 7 1 and 7 2 Conveying welding robot 76 Welding gun 79 Workpiece holder

Claims (2)

自動車のフロアを構成する複数のワークを位置決めして支持するセット治具を配置したフロア組立ステーションを備え、フロア組立ステーションの両側部に、動作端に溶接ガンを搭載した複数の溶接ロボットを配置し、これら溶接ロボットによりセット治具上の複数のワークを溶接結合してフロアを組立てるフロア組立装置において、
フロア組立ステーションの両側部に配置する溶接ロボットのうち少なくとも各側2台の計4台の溶接ロボットを、動作端に溶接ガンと一定の位置関係でワーク受けを取付けた搬送兼用の溶接ロボットに構成し、
これら搬送兼用の溶接ロボットの協調動作によりフロアをワーク受けを介して少なくとも前後左右の4箇所において支持した状態でフロア組立ステーションからその前方の次工程ステーションに搬送自在とする、
ことを特徴とする自動車のフロア組立装置。
Equipped with a floor assembly station that has set jigs to position and support multiple workpieces that make up the floor of an automobile, and on both sides of the floor assembly station, multiple welding robots equipped with welding guns at the operating end are placed. In a floor assembly apparatus that assembles a floor by welding and joining a plurality of workpieces on a set jig by these welding robots,
A total of four welding robots, at least two on each side among the welding robots placed on both sides of the floor assembly station, are configured as a welding robot that is also used as a transfer robot with a work receiver attached to the welding gun at a fixed positional relationship at the operating end. And
By the cooperative operation of these welding robots that are also used for conveyance, the floor can be conveyed from the floor assembly station to the next process station in front of the floor in a state where the floor is supported at least at four positions on the front, rear, left, and right.
An automobile floor assembling apparatus.
各搬送兼用ロボットのワーク受けでフロアの各ジャッキアップポイント部を支持するようにし、少なくとも1台の搬送兼用ロボットのワーク受けを、対応するジャッキアップポイント部を前後左右に位置決めして支持するように構成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の自動車のフロア組立装置。Support each work-up robot's work receiving point with each jack-up point on the floor, and support at least one work-and-use robot work support with the corresponding jack-up points positioned front, back, left and right The automobile floor assembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the automobile floor assembling apparatus is configured.
JP32826799A 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 Automotive floor assembly equipment Expired - Lifetime JP3655150B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32826799A JP3655150B2 (en) 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 Automotive floor assembly equipment
US09/686,138 US6339204B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2000-10-11 Apparatus for assembling floor of vehicle
CA002323114A CA2323114C (en) 1999-11-18 2000-10-11 Apparatus for assembling floor of vehicle
GB0027781A GB2356380B (en) 1999-11-18 2000-11-14 An apparatrus for assembling a floor of a vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32826799A JP3655150B2 (en) 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 Automotive floor assembly equipment

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JP3655150B2 true JP3655150B2 (en) 2005-06-02

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JP3614821B2 (en) * 2002-02-14 2005-01-26 川崎重工業株式会社 Robot group
JP4092324B2 (en) 2004-10-28 2008-05-28 本田技研工業株式会社 Car body transfer method and transfer device

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