JP3633819B2 - Method for sealing flip-chip type semiconductor device with underfill material - Google Patents

Method for sealing flip-chip type semiconductor device with underfill material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3633819B2
JP3633819B2 JP6430499A JP6430499A JP3633819B2 JP 3633819 B2 JP3633819 B2 JP 3633819B2 JP 6430499 A JP6430499 A JP 6430499A JP 6430499 A JP6430499 A JP 6430499A JP 3633819 B2 JP3633819 B2 JP 3633819B2
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underfill material
epoxy resin
weight
parts
chip
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JP2000260820A (en
Inventor
治由 桑原
利夫 塩原
和昌 隅田
幸 若尾
公孝 熊谷
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Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/15Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/16Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • H01L2224/161Disposition
    • H01L2224/16151Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/16221Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/16225Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/26Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/31Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/32Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
    • H01L2224/321Disposition
    • H01L2224/32151Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/32221Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/32225Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/73Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
    • H01L2224/732Location after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/73201Location after the connecting process on the same surface
    • H01L2224/73203Bump and layer connectors
    • H01L2224/73204Bump and layer connectors the bump connector being embedded into the layer connector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/83Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
    • H01L2224/83909Post-treatment of the layer connector or bonding area
    • H01L2224/83951Forming additional members, e.g. for reinforcing, fillet sealant

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  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Wire Bonding (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、フリップチップ型半導体装置用のアンダーフィル材による封止方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
電気機器の小型、軽量化、高機能化に伴い、半導体の実装方法もピン挿入タイプから表面実装が主流になっている。そして、ベアチップ実装の一つにフリップチップ(FC)実装がある。FC実装とは、LSIチップの配線パターン面に高さ10〜100μm程度のバンプといわれる電極を数個から数千個形成し、基板の電極を導電ペースト或いは半田等で接合する方式である。このため、FCの保護に用いる封止材料は、基板とLSIチップのバンプ等による数10μm程度の隙間に浸透させる必要がある。従来のフリップチップ用アンダーフィル材として使用される液状エポキシ樹脂組成物は、エポキシ樹脂と硬化剤及び無機質充填剤を配合し、信頼性を高めるために半導体のチップや基板、バンプと線膨張係数を一致させるために、多量の無機質充填剤を配合する処方が主流となってきている。
【0003】
しかしながら、このようなフリップチップ用アンダーフィル材においては、応力特性において充填剤の高充填化だけでは緩和されず、デバイスの信頼性テストでチップとの剥離やチップのクラックといった問題点が提示されており、この改善が望まれる。
【0004】
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みなされたもので、高い信頼性をもって上記隙間をアンダーフィル材で封止することができる、フリップチップ型半導体装置のアンダーフィル材による封止方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段及び発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、有機基板の配線パターン面に複数個のバンプを介して半導体チップが搭載され、上記基板と半導体チップとの間の隙間にアンダーフィル材を充填し、封止するに際し、上記アンダーフィル材として、(A)室温で液状のエポキシ樹脂、(B)無機質充填剤としてフリップチップギャップ幅(基板とチップとの間隙)に対して平均粒径が約1/10以下、最大粒径が1/2以下の充填剤をエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤との合計量100重量部に対して100〜400重量部、(C)硬化剤として酸無水物をエポキシ樹脂中のエポキシ基1モルに対して酸無水物化合物中の酸無水物基が0.3〜0.7モル、及び硬化促進剤としてイミダゾール誘導体及び3級アミン化合物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上をエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤の合計量100重量部に対して0.01〜10重量部を必須成分とする液状エポキシ樹脂組成物を使用し、このアンダーフィル材を上記隙間に60〜120℃で侵入させて封止し、次いで半導体装置を5℃/分〜7℃/分で上記アンダーフィル材の硬化温度まで昇温させ、更に140〜170℃で1〜5時間硬化させることを特徴とするフリップチップ型半導体装置のアンダーフィル材による封止方法を提供する。
【0006】
即ち、本発明者は、上記(A),(B),(C)成分を含む液状エポキシ樹脂組成物をアンダーフィル材に用い、上記特定の封止温度及び硬化条件を用いることにより、信頼性テスト後のデバイスチップの剥離とクラックの抑制が図られることを見出した。特に、硬化剤として酸無水物やカルボン酸ヒドラジドは、その低粘性よりアンダーフィル材に使用されているが、一方その揮発性により製造過程で含有量が減少し、硬化性に影響を及ぼすことが判明してきた。その際、封止時の温度及び硬化時の条件を制御することにより、酸無水物等の揮発量を抑制し、チップ面にかかる応力を均一化することにより、チップの剥離及びクラックを防止することができること、よって、本発明のフリップチップ型半導体装置は非常に信頼性の高いものであることを見出し、本発明をなすに至ったものである。
【0007】
以下、本発明について更に詳しく説明する。
本発明に係るフリップチップ型半導体装置は、図1に示したように、有機基板1の配線パターン面に複数個のバンプ2を介して半導体チップ3が搭載されているものであり、上記有機基板1と半導体チップ3との間の隙間(バンプ2間の隙間)にアンダーフィル材4が充填され、その側部がフィレット材5で封止されたものであるが、本発明は上記アンダーフィル材を特定条件で封止することを特徴とする。
【0008】
ここで、本発明においては、上記アンダーフィル材として、
(A)液状エポキシ樹脂、
(B)無機質充填剤、
(C)硬化剤
を必須成分とする液状エポキシ樹脂組成物を使用する。
【0009】
本発明に用いられる(A)成分の液状エポキシ樹脂は、一分子中に2個以上のエポキシ基があればいかなるものでも使用可能であるが、特に、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂等のビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂等のノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂、ビフェニル型エポキシ樹脂、シクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂などが例示される。この中でも室温で液状のエポキシ樹脂を使用する。これらのエポキシ樹脂には、下記構造で示されるエポキシ樹脂を浸入性に影響を及ぼさない範囲で添加しても何ら問題はない。
【0010】
【化1】

Figure 0003633819
【0011】
上記液状エポキシ樹脂中の全塩素含有量は、1500ppm以下、望ましくは1000ppm以下であることが好ましい。また、100℃で50%エポキシ樹脂濃度における20時間での抽出水塩素が10ppm以下であることが好ましい。全塩素含有量が1500ppmを超え、抽出水塩素が10ppmを超えると、半導体素子の信頼性、特に耐湿性に悪影響を与えるおそれがある。
【0012】
本発明の組成物には、(B)成分として、膨張係数を小さくする目的から従来より知られている各種の無機質充填剤を添加する。無機質充填剤としては、溶融シリカ、結晶シリカ、アルミナ、ボロンナイトライド、窒化アルミ、窒化珪素、マグネシア、マグネシウムシリケートなどが使用される。好ましくは、侵入性の向上と低線膨張化の両立を図るためフリップチップギャップ幅(基板とチップとの間隙)に対して平均粒径が約1/10以下、最大粒径が1/2以下の充填剤をエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤との合計量100重量部に対して100〜400重量部、望ましくは、エポキシ樹脂と硬化剤との合計量100重量部に対して150〜250重量部の範囲で配合することが好ましい。100重量部未満では、膨張係数が大きく、冷熱試験においてクラックの発生を誘発させるおそれがある。400重量部を超えると、粘度が高くなり、薄膜侵入性の低下をもたらすおそれがある。なお、平均粒径は例えば、レーザー光回折法等による重量平均値(又はメジアン径)等として求めることができる。
【0013】
本発明で用いるエポキシ樹脂組成物(アンダーフィル材)の(C)成分の硬化剤としては、酸無水物系硬化剤が好適であり、酸無水物系硬化剤として、例えばテトラヒドロフタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、無水メチルハイミックス酸、ピロメリット酸二無水物、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、3,3’,4,4’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物、ビス(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)エーテル二無水物、ビス(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)メタン二無水物、2,2−ビス(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)プロパン二無水物などの、好ましくは分子中に脂肪族環又は芳香族環を1個又は2個有すると共に、酸無水物基を1個又は2個有する、炭素原子数4〜25個、好ましくは8〜20個程度の酸無水物化合物を挙げることができる。硬化剤としてこのような酸無水物を用いる場合は、エポキシ樹脂中のエポキシ基1モルに対して酸無水物化合物中の酸無水物基が0.3〜0.7モル、特に0.4〜0.6モルの範囲で配合することが望ましく、配合量が0.3モル未満では硬化性が不十分となる場合があり、0.7モルを超えると未反応の酸無水物が残存し、ガラス転移温度の低下となる場合がある。
【0014】
また、硬化剤としては、上記の他にジシアンジアミド、アジピン酸ヒドラジド、イソフタル酸ヒドラジド等のカルボン酸ヒドラジドも使用することができる。これら硬化剤の配合量は、硬化有効量とすることができる。
【0015】
更に、酸無水物を硬化剤として使用する場合の硬化促進剤として、イミダゾール誘導体及び3級アミン化合物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を配合することができる。ここで、イミダゾール誘導体としては、2−メチルイミダゾール、2−エチルイミダゾール、4−メチルイミダゾール、4−エチルイミダゾール、2−フェニルイミダゾール、2−フェニル−4−メチルイミダゾール、2−フェニル−4−ヒドロキシメチルイミダゾール、2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチル−2−メチルイミダゾール、2−フェニル−4,5−ジヒドロキシメチルイミダゾール等が挙げられる。また、3級アミン化合物としては、トリエチルアミン、ベンジルトリメチルアミン、α−メチルベンジルジメチルアミン等の窒素原子に結合する置換基としてアルキル基やアラルキル基を有するアミン化合物、1,8−ジアザヒシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデセン−7及びそのフェノール塩、オクチル酸塩、オレイン酸塩などのシクロアミジン化合物やその有機酸との塩、或いは下記式の化合物などのシクロアミジン化合物と4級ホウ素化合物との塩又は錯塩などが挙げられる。
【0016】
【化2】
Figure 0003633819
【0017】
なお、これらイミダゾール誘導体及び3級アミン化合物は、酸無水物系硬化剤の硬化促進剤としてもエポキシ樹脂の硬化剤としても使用できるものであるが、硬化促進剤として使用する場合は、エポキシ樹脂と硬化剤の合計量100重量部に対して0.01〜10重量部、特に0.5〜5重量部の範囲で添加することが好適である。添加量が0.01重量部に満たないと硬化性が低下する場合があり、10重量部を超えると硬化性に優れるが保存性が低下する傾向となる場合がある。
【0018】
本発明の組成物には、応力を低下させる目的でシリコーンゴム、シリコーンオイルや液状のポリブタジエンゴム、メタクリル酸メチル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体といった熱可塑性樹脂などを配合してもよい。好ましくは、アルケニル基含有エポキシ樹脂又はフェノール樹脂のアルケニル基と、下記式(1)で示される一分子中の珪素原子の数が20〜400であり、SiH基の数が1〜5であるオルガノポリシロキサンのSiH基との付加反応により得られる共重合体[(D)成分]を配合することがよい。
SiO(4−a−b)/2 (1)
(式中、Rは置換又は非置換の一価炭化水素基、aは0.01〜0.1、bは1.8〜2.2、1.81≦a+b≦2.3を満足する正数を示す。)
【0019】
なお、Rの一価炭化水素基としては、炭素数1〜10、特に1〜8のものが好ましく、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、tert−ブチル基、ヘキシル基、シクロヘキシル基、オクチル基、デシル基等のアルキル基、ビニル基、アリル基、プロペニル基、ブテニル基、ヘキセニル基等のアルケニル基、フェニル基、キシリル基、トリル基等のアリール基、ベンジル基、フェニルエチル基、フェニルプロピル基等のアラルキル基などや、これらの炭化水素基の水素原子の一部又は全部を塩素、フッ素、臭素等のハロゲン原子で置換したクロロメチル基、ブロモエチル基、トリフルオロプロピル基等のハロゲン置換一価炭化水素基を挙げることができる。
上記共重合体としては、中でも下記構造のものが望ましい。
【0020】
【化3】
Figure 0003633819
【0021】
【化4】
Figure 0003633819
(上記式中、Rは上記と同じ、Rは水素原子又は炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、Rは−CHCHCH−、−OCH−CH(OH)−CH−O−CHCHCH−又は−O−CHCHCH−である。nは4〜199、好ましくは19〜99の整数、pは1〜10の整数、qは1〜10の整数である。)
【0022】
上記共重合体は、ジオルガノポリシロキサン単位が液状エポキシ樹脂と硬化剤の合計量100重量部に対し0〜20重量部、特には2〜15重量部含まれるように配合することで、応力をより一層低下させることができる。
【0023】
本発明の封止材(液状エポキシ樹脂組成物)には、更に必要に応じ、接着向上用炭素官能性シラン、カーボンブラックなどの顔料、染料、酸化防止剤、表面処理剤(γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランなど)、その他の添加剤を配合することができる。
【0024】
なお、このエポキシ樹脂組成物の粘度は25℃において10,000ポイズ以下であることが好ましい。
【0025】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、例えば、エポキシ樹脂、硬化剤、硬化促進剤、無機質充填剤を同時に又は別々に必要により加熱処理を加えながら撹拌、溶解、混合、分散させることにより製造することができる。これらの混合物の撹拌、溶解、混合、分散等の装置は特に限定されないが、撹拌、加熱装置を備えたライカイ機、3本ロール、ボールミル、プラネタリーミキサー等を用いることができる。これら装置を適宜組み合わせて使用してもよい。
【0026】
而して、本発明においては、フリップチップ型半導体装置の基板と半導体チップとの間の隙間に上記アンダーフィル材(液状エポキシ樹脂組成物)を侵入、充填する。この場合、半導体装置の温度条件(アンダーフィル材の充填温度)は、60〜120℃であり、好ましくは70〜100℃である。60℃未満であると、組成物の粘度が高いため、基板とチップの隙間を侵入させることができず、また、120℃を超えると反応が生起し、やはり侵入を妨げる原因となる。
【0027】
次に、硬化条件としては、上記のように封止した後、このデバイスを硬化工程に移行し、硬化到達温度までの昇温速度が℃/分〜℃/分であり、硬化温度及び時間が140〜170℃、1〜5時間の条件が採用される。好ましくは、硬化温度及び時間が150〜160℃、2〜3時間である。℃/分未満であると、酸無水物が揮発し未硬化となり、また、℃/分を超えると内部温度が急激に上昇することによるボイドの発生を招くので好ましくない。更に、硬化温度は、140℃未満であると未反応物が残存し、170℃を超えると基板の反りの原因になる。硬化時間は、硬化温度にもよるが、1時間未満であると未反応物が残存し、5時間を超えると工程が長くなり、好ましくない。
【0028】
なお、本発明において、フィレット材による封止は、公知のフィレット材を用いて公知の条件で封止することができる。
【0029】
【実施例】
以下、実施例と比較例を示し、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は下記の実施例に制限されるものではない。
【0030】
[実施例、比較例]
表1に示すように、液状エポキシ樹脂としてビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(RE310:日本化薬社製)、硬化剤としてメチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸(リカシッドMH700:新日本理化社製)、溶融シリカ(PLV7−1−1(平均粒径3μm、最大粒径20μm):龍森社製)、シランカップリング剤としてγ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(KBM403:信越化学工業社製)、下記に示す硬化促進剤(UCAT5002:旭化成社製)を配合し、均一に混練することによりエポキシ樹脂組成物を得た。
【化5】
Figure 0003633819
【0031】
得られたエポキシ樹脂組成物を10mm角のチップに対し100μmの隙間をもつような基板に積載されたデバイスに、表1に示すような条件下で侵入させ、表1に示すような条件下で硬化させた。硬化物については、剥離、反り、クラック、ボイドを評価した。剥離とボイドは市販の超音波探傷機にてチェックし、反りはチップ面上の高低差を測定し、クラックは外観にてチェックした。
【0032】
【表1】
Figure 0003633819
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、アンダーフィル封止材の剥離、クラック、ボイドがなく、反りの小さいフリップチップ型半導体装置が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】フリップチップ型半導体装置の一例を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 有機基板
2 バンプ
3 半導体チップ
4 アンダーフィル材
5 フィレット材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sealing method using an underfill material for a flip chip type semiconductor device.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
As electrical devices become smaller, lighter, and more functional, semiconductor mounting methods have become mainstream from pin insertion type to surface mounting. One type of bare chip mounting is flip chip (FC) mounting. The FC mounting is a method in which several to several thousand electrodes called bumps having a height of about 10 to 100 μm are formed on the wiring pattern surface of an LSI chip, and the electrodes on the substrate are joined with a conductive paste or solder. For this reason, the sealing material used for protecting the FC needs to penetrate into a gap of about several tens of μm between the substrate and the bumps of the LSI chip. Liquid epoxy resin composition used as a conventional flip-chip underfill material contains an epoxy resin, a curing agent and an inorganic filler. In order to increase reliability, semiconductor chips, substrates, bumps and linear expansion coefficients are used. In order to make it coincide, prescriptions containing a large amount of inorganic filler have become mainstream.
[0003]
However, in such an underfill material for flip chip, the stress characteristic is not alleviated only by increasing the filler, and problems such as peeling from the chip and cracking of the chip are presented in the device reliability test. This improvement is desired.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a sealing method using an underfill material of a flip chip type semiconductor device, which can seal the gap with an underfill material with high reliability. And
[0005]
Means for Solving the Problem and Embodiment of the Invention
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a semiconductor chip is mounted on a wiring pattern surface of an organic substrate through a plurality of bumps, an underfill material is filled in a gap between the substrate and the semiconductor chip, and sealed. At the time of stopping, as the underfill material, (A) epoxy resin that is liquid at room temperature, and (B) as an inorganic filler , the average particle size is about 1/10 with respect to the flip chip gap width (gap between the substrate and the chip). Hereinafter, 100 to 400 parts by weight of the filler having a maximum particle size of 1/2 or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the epoxy resin and the curing agent, and (C) an epoxy in the epoxy resin as the curing agent. group 1 0.3 to 0.7 mole of acid anhydride groups of the acid anhydride compound moles, and one or epoxy of two or more selected from imidazole derivatives, and tertiary amine compound as a curing accelerator Using the liquid epoxy resin composition as an essential component from 0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of fat and the curing agent, the underfill material by penetration at 60 to 120 ° C. in the gap Flip chip type wherein sealing is performed, and then the semiconductor device is heated to 5 ° C./min to 7 ° C./min to the curing temperature of the underfill material and further cured at 140 to 170 ° C. for 1 to 5 hours. A sealing method of an underfill material for a semiconductor device is provided.
[0006]
That is, the present inventor uses the liquid epoxy resin composition containing the components (A), (B), and (C) as an underfill material, and uses the specific sealing temperature and curing conditions described above to improve reliability. It has been found that device chips can be peeled off and cracks can be suppressed after the test. In particular, acid anhydrides and carboxylic acid hydrazides as curing agents are used in underfill materials because of their low viscosity, but their volatility reduces their content during the manufacturing process and may affect curability. It turns out. At that time, by controlling the temperature at the time of sealing and the conditions at the time of curing, the amount of volatilization of acid anhydride, etc. is suppressed, and the stress applied to the chip surface is made uniform, thereby preventing chip peeling and cracking. Therefore, the flip-chip type semiconductor device of the present invention has been found to be very reliable, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0007]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
As shown in FIG. 1, the flip-chip type semiconductor device according to the present invention has a semiconductor chip 3 mounted on a wiring pattern surface of an organic substrate 1 via a plurality of bumps 2. The underfill material 4 is filled in the gap between the semiconductor chip 3 and the semiconductor chip 3 (the gap between the bumps 2), and the side portion thereof is sealed with the fillet material 5. Is sealed under specific conditions.
[0008]
Here, in the present invention, as the underfill material,
(A) Liquid epoxy resin,
(B) inorganic filler,
(C) A liquid epoxy resin composition containing a curing agent as an essential component is used.
[0009]
The liquid epoxy resin of the component (A) used in the present invention can be any as long as it has two or more epoxy groups in one molecule, and in particular, bisphenol A type epoxy resin and bisphenol F type epoxy resin. And bisphenol type epoxy resins, phenol novolak type epoxy resins, cresol novolak type epoxy resins and other novolak type epoxy resins, naphthalene type epoxy resins, biphenyl type epoxy resins, cyclopentadiene type epoxy resins and the like. Among these, a liquid epoxy resin is used at room temperature. To these epoxy resins, there is no problem even if an epoxy resin represented by the following structure is added within a range that does not affect the penetration property.
[0010]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0003633819
[0011]
The total chlorine content in the liquid epoxy resin is preferably 1500 ppm or less, more preferably 1000 ppm or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the extraction water chlorine in 20 hours in the 50% epoxy resin density | concentration at 100 degreeC is 10 ppm or less. If the total chlorine content exceeds 1500 ppm and the extracted water chlorine exceeds 10 ppm, the reliability of the semiconductor element, particularly moisture resistance, may be adversely affected.
[0012]
As the component (B), various inorganic fillers conventionally known for the purpose of reducing the expansion coefficient are added to the composition of the present invention. As the inorganic filler, fused silica, crystalline silica, alumina, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, magnesia, magnesium silicate, or the like is used. Preferably, the average particle size is about 1/10 or less and the maximum particle size is 1/2 or less with respect to the flip chip gap width (gap between the substrate and the chip) in order to achieve both improved penetration and low linear expansion. The filler is 100 to 400 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the epoxy resin and the curing agent, and preferably 150 to 250 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the epoxy resin and the curing agent. It is preferable to mix with. If it is less than 100 parts by weight, the expansion coefficient is large, and there is a risk of inducing cracks in the cold test. If it exceeds 400 parts by weight, the viscosity will increase and the thin film penetration may be reduced. In addition, an average particle diameter can be calculated | required as a weight average value (or median diameter) etc. by the laser beam diffraction method etc., for example.
[0013]
As the curing agent of the component (C) of the epoxy resin composition (underfill material) used in the present invention, an acid anhydride curing agent is suitable. Examples of the acid anhydride curing agent include tetrahydrophthalic acid and methyltetrahydro Phthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhymic anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride, benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic Acid dianhydride, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ether dianhydride, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) methane dianhydride, 2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) propane A dianhydride or the like, preferably having one or two aliphatic or aromatic rings and one or two acid anhydride groups in the molecule , 4 to 25 carbon atoms, preferable examples thereof include 8 to 20 or so anhydride compound. When such an acid anhydride is used as the curing agent, the acid anhydride group in the acid anhydride compound is 0.3 to 0.7 mol, particularly 0.4 to 0.4 mol per 1 mol of the epoxy group in the epoxy resin. It is desirable to mix in the range of 0.6 mol, if the amount is less than 0.3 mol, the curability may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.7 mol, unreacted acid anhydride remains, The glass transition temperature may be lowered.
[0014]
In addition to the above, carboxylic acid hydrazides such as dicyandiamide, adipic hydrazide, and isophthalic hydrazide can also be used as the curing agent. The blending amount of these curing agents can be a curing effective amount.
[0015]
Furthermore, 1 type, or 2 or more types chosen from an imidazole derivative and a tertiary amine compound can be mix | blended as a hardening accelerator when using an acid anhydride as a hardening | curing agent. Here, as imidazole derivatives, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole, 4-ethylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4-hydroxymethyl Examples include imidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-methylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydroxymethylimidazole and the like. As the tertiary amine compound, an amine compound having an alkyl group or an aralkyl group as a substituent bonded to a nitrogen atom, such as triethylamine, benzyltrimethylamine, or α-methylbenzyldimethylamine, 1,8-diazahicyclo [5.4. 0] Undecene-7 and its phenol salts, cycloamidine compounds such as octylates and oleates and salts thereof with organic acids, or salts or complex salts of cycloamidine compounds such as compounds of the following formula and quaternary boron compounds Etc.
[0016]
[Chemical 2]
Figure 0003633819
[0017]
These imidazole derivatives and tertiary amine compounds can be used as curing accelerators for acid anhydride curing agents as well as curing agents for epoxy resins, but when used as curing accelerators, It is preferable to add in the range of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, particularly 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the curing agent. If the addition amount is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the curability may be lowered, and if it exceeds 10 parts by weight, the curability may be improved but the storage stability may be lowered.
[0018]
The composition of the present invention may contain a thermoplastic resin such as silicone rubber, silicone oil, liquid polybutadiene rubber, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer for the purpose of reducing stress. Preferably, an alkenyl group of an alkenyl group-containing epoxy resin or phenol resin and an organo group having 20 to 400 silicon atoms and 1 to 5 SiH groups in one molecule represented by the following formula (1) A copolymer [(D) component] obtained by addition reaction with SiH groups of polysiloxane is preferably blended.
H a R b SiO (4-ab) / 2 (1)
Wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, a is 0.01 to 0.1, b is 1.8 to 2.2, and 1.81 ≦ a + b ≦ 2.3. Indicates the number.)
[0019]
As the monovalent hydrocarbon group for R, those having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 8 carbon atoms are preferable, and a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, Hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, octyl group, decyl group and other alkyl groups, vinyl group, allyl group, propenyl group, butenyl group, hexenyl group and other alkenyl groups, phenyl group, xylyl group, tolyl group and other aryl groups, benzyl group , Aralkyl groups such as phenylethyl group, phenylpropyl group, etc., and chloromethyl group, bromoethyl group, trifluoro, etc. in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbon groups are substituted with halogen atoms such as chlorine, fluorine, bromine, etc. Mention may be made of halogen-substituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups such as propyl groups.
Among the above copolymers, those having the following structures are desirable.
[0020]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0003633819
[0021]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0003633819
(In the above formula, R is the same as above, R 1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 is —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCH 2 —CH (OH) —CH 2 — O—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 — or —O—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, n is 4 to 199, preferably 19 to 99, p is an integer of 1 to 10, and q is 1 to 10 Is an integer.)
[0022]
The above-mentioned copolymer is blended so that the diorganopolysiloxane unit is contained in an amount of 0 to 20 parts by weight, particularly 2 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the liquid epoxy resin and the curing agent. It can be further reduced.
[0023]
In the sealing material (liquid epoxy resin composition) of the present invention, if necessary, pigments such as carbon-functional silane for improving adhesion, carbon black and other pigments, dyes, antioxidants, surface treatment agents (γ-glycidoxy) Propyltrimethoxysilane and the like) and other additives can be blended.
[0024]
In addition, it is preferable that the viscosity of this epoxy resin composition is 10,000 poise or less at 25 degreeC.
[0025]
The epoxy resin composition of the present invention can be produced, for example, by stirring, dissolving, mixing, and dispersing an epoxy resin, a curing agent, a curing accelerator, and an inorganic filler simultaneously or separately while heating as necessary. it can. The apparatus for stirring, dissolving, mixing, dispersing and the like of these mixtures is not particularly limited, and a lykai machine, a three roll, a ball mill, a planetary mixer and the like equipped with a stirring and heating device can be used. You may use combining these apparatuses suitably.
[0026]
Thus, in the present invention, the underfill material (liquid epoxy resin composition) enters and fills the gap between the substrate of the flip chip type semiconductor device and the semiconductor chip. In this case, the temperature condition of the semiconductor device (filling temperature of the underfill material) is 60 to 120 ° C., preferably 70 to 100 ° C. If the temperature is lower than 60 ° C., the composition has a high viscosity, so that the gap between the substrate and the chip cannot be penetrated. If the temperature exceeds 120 ° C., a reaction occurs, which also prevents the penetration.
[0027]
Next, as the curing conditions, after sealing as described above, the device is transferred to a curing process, and the rate of temperature rise to the curing attainment temperature is 5 ° C./min to 7 ° C./min. The conditions are 140 to 170 ° C. and 1 to 5 hours. Preferably, hardening temperature and time 150 to 160 ° C., is 2-3 hours. If it is less than 5 ° C./min, the acid anhydride is volatilized and becomes uncured, and if it exceeds 7 ° C./min, the internal temperature rapidly rises and voids are caused. Further, when the curing temperature is less than 140 ° C., unreacted substances remain, and when the curing temperature exceeds 170 ° C., the substrate is warped. Although the curing time depends on the curing temperature, if it is less than 1 hour, unreacted substances remain, and if it exceeds 5 hours, the process becomes longer, which is not preferable.
[0028]
In the present invention, the fillet material can be sealed using a known fillet material under known conditions.
[0029]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are shown and this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not restrict | limited to the following Example.
[0030]
[Examples and Comparative Examples]
As shown in Table 1, bisphenol A type epoxy resin (RE310: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) as a liquid epoxy resin, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (Ricacid MH700: manufactured by Shin Nippon Rika Co., Ltd.), fused silica (PLV7- 1-1 (average particle size 3 μm, maximum particle size 20 μm): manufactured by Tatsumori Co., Ltd.), γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KBM403: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a silane coupling agent, curing acceleration shown below An epoxy resin composition was obtained by blending an agent (UCAT5002: manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) and uniformly kneading.
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0003633819
[0031]
The obtained epoxy resin composition was allowed to enter a device mounted on a substrate having a gap of 100 μm with respect to a 10 mm square chip under the conditions shown in Table 1, and under the conditions shown in Table 1. Cured. About a hardened | cured material, peeling, curvature, a crack, and a void were evaluated. Peeling and voids were checked with a commercially available ultrasonic flaw detector, warpage was measured by height difference on the chip surface, and cracks were checked by appearance.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003633819
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a flip-chip type semiconductor device that is free from peeling, cracks, and voids of the underfill sealing material and has small warpage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a flip-chip type semiconductor device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Organic substrate 2 Bump 3 Semiconductor chip 4 Underfill material 5 Fillet material

Claims (1)

有機基板の配線パターン面に複数個のバンプを介して半導体チップが搭載され、上記基板と半導体チップとの間の隙間にアンダーフィル材を充填し、封止するに際し、上記アンダーフィル材として、(A)室温で液状のエポキシ樹脂、(B)無機質充填剤としてフリップチップギャップ幅(基板とチップとの間隙)に対して平均粒径が約1/10以下、最大粒径が1/2以下の充填剤をエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤との合計量100重量部に対して100〜400重量部、(C)硬化剤として酸無水物をエポキシ樹脂中のエポキシ基1モルに対して酸無水物化合物中の酸無水物基が0.3〜0.7モル、及び硬化促進剤としてイミダゾール誘導体及び3級アミン化合物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上をエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤の合計量100重量部に対して0.01〜10重量部を必須成分とする液状エポキシ樹脂組成物を使用し、このアンダーフィル材を上記隙間に60〜120℃で侵入させて封止し、次いで半導体装置を5℃/分〜7℃/分で上記アンダーフィル材の硬化温度まで昇温させ、更に140〜170℃で1〜5時間硬化させることを特徴とするフリップチップ型半導体装置のアンダーフィル材による封止方法。 A semiconductor chip is mounted on the wiring pattern surface of the organic substrate via a plurality of bumps, and when filling and sealing an underfill material in a gap between the substrate and the semiconductor chip, as the underfill material, A) Epoxy resin that is liquid at room temperature, (B) As an inorganic filler , the average particle size is about 1/10 or less and the maximum particle size is 1/2 or less with respect to the flip chip gap width (gap between the substrate and the chip). The filler is 100 to 400 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the epoxy resin and the curing agent, and (C) the acid anhydride is used as the curing agent in the acid anhydride compound with respect to 1 mol of the epoxy group in the epoxy resin. acid anhydride group 0.3 to 0.7 mol, and the total amount of 100 parts by weight of one or more epoxy resins and a curing agent selected from imidazole derivatives, and tertiary amine compound as a curing accelerator And using the liquid epoxy resin composition as an essential component from 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, the underfill material sealed by penetration at 60 to 120 ° C. in the gap, then the semiconductor device 5 ° C. / A method of encapsulating a flip chip type semiconductor device with an underfill material, wherein the temperature is raised to a curing temperature of the above underfill material at -7 ° C / min and further cured at 140-170 ° C for 1-5 hours.
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