JP3329281B2 - Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet joining method - Google Patents
Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet joining methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3329281B2 JP3329281B2 JP26215098A JP26215098A JP3329281B2 JP 3329281 B2 JP3329281 B2 JP 3329281B2 JP 26215098 A JP26215098 A JP 26215098A JP 26215098 A JP26215098 A JP 26215098A JP 3329281 B2 JP3329281 B2 JP 3329281B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- joining
- thickness
- aluminum alloy
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/128—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding making use of additional material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、一対のアルミニウ
ム又はアルミニウム合金(以下、単にアルミニウム合金と
いう)板材で、特に圧延成形された板材をそれぞれの端
面に沿って、突合わせ状態に接合する接合方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joining method for joining a pair of aluminum or aluminum alloy (hereinafter simply referred to as "aluminum alloy") plate materials, particularly, roll-formed plate materials along their respective end faces in an abutting state. About.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、アーク溶接等に比べて簡単に金属
材同士を接合できる摩擦攪拌接合が注目されている。こ
の摩擦攪拌接合は図８(Ａ)及び(Ｂ)に示すように、互い
に端面を突合わせ且つ拘束した一対のアルミニウム合金
製の板材２０，２１間の突合わせ面に沿って、回転する
工具２２を押圧しつつ移動することにより施される。こ
の工具２２は、被接合材より硬度及び軟化温度が高い材
料からなり、回転する円筒形のボビン２４と、その凹ん
だ底面である表面抑え部２６と、その中心から同軸に垂
下する摩擦ピン２８からなる。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, attention has been paid to friction stir welding, which enables metal materials to be easily joined to each other as compared with arc welding or the like. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the friction stir welding is performed by rotating a tool 22 along a butting surface between a pair of aluminum alloy plates 20 and 21 whose end faces are butted and constrained to each other. Is performed by pressing and moving. The tool 22 is made of a material having a higher hardness and softening temperature than the material to be joined. The tool 22 has a rotating cylindrical bobbin 24, a surface holding portion 26 which is a concave bottom surface thereof, and a friction pin 28 which coaxially hangs from the center thereof. Consists of
【０００３】そして、図８(Ｂ)に示すように、工具２２
は上記突合わせ面に沿ってやや傾けた状態で水平(左)方
向に移動され、且つ垂直方向の押し込み力が付加され
る。上記摩擦ピン２８の周面には、図示しない水平方向
に沿ったネジ状の摩擦攪拌翼が形成され、摩擦熱の発生
及びこれにより軟化した材料の攪拌を容易にしている。
尚、通常摩擦ピン２８の摩擦部の長さは３〜１０ｍｍ、
その直径は３〜１０ｍｍ、表面抑え部２６の直径は６〜
２５ｍｍである。また、この場合工具２２の回転速度は
５００〜１５０００ｒｐｍ、送り速度は０.０５〜２ｍ／
分で、工具２２に加える軸方向の押し込み力は１ｋＮ〜
２０ｋＮの範囲内で、接合する板材の板厚や材質に応じ
て選定される。[0003] Then, as shown in FIG.
Is moved in the horizontal (left) direction while being slightly inclined along the butting surface, and a vertical pushing force is applied. On the peripheral surface of the friction pin 28, screw-shaped friction stir blades (not shown) are formed along the horizontal direction, thereby facilitating generation of frictional heat and stirring of the softened material.
Incidentally, the length of the friction portion of the normal friction pin 28 is 3 to 10 mm,
The diameter is 3 to 10 mm, and the diameter of the surface suppressing portion 26 is 6 to
25 mm. In this case, the rotation speed of the tool 22 is 500 to 15000 rpm, and the feed speed is 0.05 to 2 m /.
Per minute, the axial pushing force applied to the tool 22 is 1 kN ~
It is selected within the range of 20 kN according to the thickness and material of the plate material to be joined.
【０００４】上記摩擦ピン２８の回転と移動に伴って、
各板材２０，２１の突合わせ面付近のアルミニウム合金
は、摩擦熱により加熱して可塑化されると共に、突合わ
せ面を挟んで各板材２０，２１間に渉って水平及び垂直
方向に流動化し攪拌される。また、表面抑え部２６は、
流動化したアルミニウム合金の垂直方向の動きを抑制
し、摩擦熱を発生させると共に、表面抑え部２６と摩擦
ピン２８とにより流動化されたアルミニウム合金を攪拌
する。これにより、図８(Ｃ)に示すように、上記アルミ
ニウム合金は固化し、一定の幅と深さを有する接合線Ｗ
となる。従って、アーク溶接等のように盛り上がった溶
接ビートがなく、後加工が容易になる。With the rotation and movement of the friction pin 28,
The aluminum alloy in the vicinity of the abutting surfaces of the plate members 20 and 21 is plasticized by being heated by frictional heat, and is also fluidized in the horizontal and vertical directions across the plate members 20 and 21 across the abutting surface. Stirred. In addition, the surface suppressing portion 26
This suppresses vertical movement of the fluidized aluminum alloy, generates frictional heat, and agitates the fluidized aluminum alloy by the surface suppressing portion 26 and the friction pins 28. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8C, the aluminum alloy is solidified, and the joining line W having a certain width and depth is formed.
Becomes Accordingly, there is no raised welding beat as in arc welding or the like, and post-processing is facilitated.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決すべき課題】しかしながら、上記流動化さ
れたアルミニウム合金の攪拌及び表面抑え部２６の押圧
により、板材２０，２１の接合部付近の板厚が減り、図
８(Ｃ)に示すように、接合線Ｗの表面に凹溝Ｗａを形成
される。この凹溝Ｗａの深さｄ分だけ、少なくとも一対
の板材２０，２１間の接合強度が低下するという問題を
有する。この凹溝Ｗａの問題は、アルミニウム合金板材
の板厚が薄くなるほど顕著である。即ち、厚肉の板材同
士を接合する場合、接合線Ｗを深く形成しても形成され
る凹溝Ｗａの深さはあまり変わらないため、所要の接合
強度が保てるためである。また、凹溝Ｗａ表面の両端に
形成される一対の突起Ｗｅは、摩擦攪拌の結果各板材２
０，２１の表面ＳＦよりも突出するバリで、これが形成
されない場合もある。However, due to the stirring of the fluidized aluminum alloy and the pressing of the surface suppressing portion 26, the plate thickness near the joint between the plate members 20, 21 is reduced, as shown in FIG. 8 (C). Then, a concave groove Wa is formed on the surface of the joining line W. There is a problem that the joining strength between at least the pair of plate members 20 and 21 is reduced by the depth d of the concave groove Wa. The problem of the concave groove Wa becomes more remarkable as the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate material becomes thinner. That is, when joining thick plate materials, the depth of the concave groove Wa formed does not change much even if the joining line W is formed deep, so that the required joining strength can be maintained. Further, a pair of projections We formed at both ends of the surface of the concave groove Wa is formed by each plate material 2 as a result of friction stirring.
The burrs protrude from the surface SF of 0, 21 and may not be formed.
【０００６】一方、図８(Ｄ)に示すように、一対のアル
ミニウム合金の押出形材３０，３１を接合する場合、各
形材３０，３１の端面に沿って上記凹溝Ｗａの深さｄに
相当する分を厚肉にした凸条部３２，３２を予め一体に
形成することができる。従って、各形材３０，３１の端
面同士を摩擦攪拌接合による深い接合線Ｗを形成する
と、図８(Ｅ)に示すように、各凸条部３２の高さによ
り、接合線Ｗ表面の凹溝Ｗａの深さｄ相当分の板厚減少
を吸収することができる。しかしながら、接合すべき部
材が圧延成形材の場合等、上記押出形材３０等で凸条部
３２を一体に成形しておくことが困難な場合、図８
(Ｄ)，(Ｅ)で示した接合方法は適用できない。本発明
は、以上に説明した従来の技術における問題点を解決
し、接合部における板厚減少を生じさせず、比較的薄肉
のアルミニウム合金板材同士を所要の強度を保ちつつ、
確実且つ容易に摩擦攪拌接合できるアルミニウム合金板
材の接合方法を提供することを課題とする。On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8 (D), when joining a pair of extruded profiles 30, 31 of aluminum alloy, the depth d of the groove Wa along the end surfaces of the profiles 30, 31 is increased. The ridges 32, 32 having a thickness corresponding to the thickness can be integrally formed in advance. Accordingly, when a deep joining line W is formed by friction stir welding between the end faces of the respective shaped members 30 and 31, the concave of the surface of the joining line W is formed by the height of each ridge 32 as shown in FIG. It is possible to absorb a decrease in the plate thickness corresponding to the depth d of the groove Wa. However, when it is difficult to integrally form the ridge 32 with the extruded profile 30 or the like, for example, when the member to be joined is a rolled material, FIG.
The joining methods shown in (D) and (E) cannot be applied. The present invention solves the problems in the conventional technology described above, does not cause a decrease in the thickness of the joint portion, while maintaining the required strength between relatively thin aluminum alloy plate materials,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for joining aluminum alloy plates that can be friction stir welded reliably and easily.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するため、一対のアルミニウム合金板材の端面同士間
に断面略Ｔ形等の接合材の垂直片を挟持し、且つこの接
合材の水平片を各板材の表面に接触させて、一対の板材
と接合材の三者を同時に摩擦攪拌接合することにより、
各板材の板厚を補償することに着想して成されたもので
ある。即ち、本発明のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合
金板材の接合方法(請求項１)は、一対のアルミニウム又
はアルミニウム合金板材同士の端面間に、断面略Ｔ形又
は略エ字形の接合材の垂直片を挟持し、且つこの接合材
の水平片を上記一対の板材の各表面又は表面及び裏面上
に接触させる工程と、上記一対のアルミニウム又はアル
ミニウム合金板材同士の表面及び／又は裏面側から、回
転するボビン底面の表面抑え部で上記接合材の水平片を
押圧し、この表面抑え部の中心から垂下し表面抑え部と
同時に回転する摩擦ピンを接合材の水平片に貫通し、且
つその垂直片に沿って上記板材同士の端面間に所定の深
さ進入させると共に、このボビン及び摩擦ピンを回転し
つつ上記板材同士の端面間の長手方向に沿って移動させ
て摩擦攪拌接合を施す工程と、を含み、上記接合材の水
平片の厚さ(ｇ)が、前記一対のアルミニウム又はアルミ
ニウム合金板材の板厚(ｔ)の０．２〜１．０倍の範囲内
にある、ことを特徴とする。According to the present invention, a vertical piece of a joining material having a substantially T-shaped cross section is sandwiched between end faces of a pair of aluminum alloy plates, and the joining material is provided. By bringing the horizontal piece into contact with the surface of each plate material and simultaneously friction stir welding the pair of plate material and the joining material,
This is made with the idea of compensating the plate thickness of each plate material. That is, in the method for bonding aluminum or aluminum alloy plate material of the present invention (claim 1) , a vertical piece of a bonding material having a substantially T-shaped or substantially E-shaped cross section is sandwiched between end faces of a pair of aluminum or aluminum alloy plate materials. And a step of bringing the horizontal piece of the joining material into contact with each surface or the front surface and the back surface of the pair of plate materials, and a step of rotating the bobbin bottom surface from the front surface and / or the back surface side of the pair of aluminum or aluminum alloy plate materials. The surface holding portion presses the horizontal piece of the joining material, penetrates the friction piece hanging down from the center of the surface holding portion and rotating simultaneously with the surface holding portion through the horizontal piece of the joining material, and along the vertical piece. A process of making a predetermined depth between the end surfaces of the plate members and moving the bobbin and the friction pin along the longitudinal direction between the end surfaces of the plate members while rotating, thereby performing friction stir welding. And, only free and water of the bonding material
The thickness (g) of the flat piece is the pair of aluminum or aluminum.
Within the range of 0.2 to 1.0 times the thickness (t) of the aluminum alloy sheet material
, Characterized in that.
【０００８】これによれば、各板材と共に可塑化され流
動化する接合材の水平片により、各板材間に跨る接合部
の板厚減少を補償することができ、摩擦攪拌接合による
薄肉の板材同士の突合わせ接合を所要の強度を有して確
実に施すことができる。しかも、接合材の固定は、その
垂直片を一対の板材間に挟持するのみで良く、通常の板
材の拘束方法により容易に行うことが可能である。しか
も、接合材の水平片の厚さ(ｇ)を前記範囲としたため、
薄肉の板材の端面同士を摩擦攪拌接合しても板厚の減少
を防ぎ、所要の接合強度を得ることが容易となる。 尚、
前記水平片の厚さ(ｇ)が板材の板厚(ｔ)の０．２倍未満
では板厚の増加による板厚の補償が不十分になり得、一
方、厚さ(ｇ)が板厚(ｔ)の１．０倍を超えると、接合後
に突出部が残るため、目的とする接合に対し余分なサイ
ズの接合材を用いることになり、且つ接合に要する時間
も多くなる。従って、これらを除いた前記範囲を水平片
の厚さ(ｇ)としたものである。 [0008] According to this, the horizontal pieces of the joining material plasticized and fluidized together with the respective plate materials can compensate for the decrease in the thickness of the joining portion straddling between the respective plate materials, and can reduce the thickness of the thin plate materials by friction stir welding. Can be reliably performed with required strength. In addition, the fixing of the joining material is sufficient only by sandwiching the vertical piece between the pair of plate members, and can be easily performed by a normal plate member restraining method. Only
Also, because the thickness (g) of the horizontal piece of the joining material was in the above range,
Even if friction stir welding is applied to the end faces of thin plate materials, the plate thickness decreases
And it is easy to obtain the required bonding strength. still,
The thickness (g) of the horizontal piece is less than 0.2 times the thickness (t) of the plate material
In this case, the compensation of the plate thickness due to the increase of the plate thickness may be insufficient.
If the thickness (g) exceeds 1.0 times the plate thickness (t),
The projections remain on the
The time required to use the joining material of
Also increase. Therefore, the above range excluding these is
(G).
【０００９】また、前記接合材の垂直片の高さ(ｆ)が、
前記一対のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板材の板
厚(ｔ)と略同一であると共に、上記接合材の水平片の幅
(Ｘ)が、前記ボビン底面の外径(Ｐ)の０．８〜１．０倍
の範囲内にある、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板
材の接合方法(請求項２)も含まれる。 これによれば、接
合材の垂直片の高さ(ｆ)を前記範囲としたため、板材間
には接合材の垂直片が殆ど占有した状態で摩擦攪拌接合
を施せるので、接合部の断面全体に健全な攪拌部を有す
る接合線を形成できる。しかも、接合材の水平片の幅
(Ｘ)を前記範囲としたため、ボビン底面の表面抑え部に
より接合材の水平片を押えられ、且つ摩擦ピンにより係
る水平片を確実に可塑・流動化でき、健全な接合線を形
成する摩擦攪拌接合が可能となる。 尚、前記水平片の幅
(Ｘ)がボビンの外径(Ｐ)の０．８倍未満では当該水平片
の断面積が不十分になり、一方、幅(Ｘ)が外径(Ｐ)の
１．０倍を超えると水平片の両側端部が可塑・流動化さ
れずバリとして残り、接合後で単に除去する不要部分と
して不経済となるため、これらを除いた前記範囲を望ま
しい範囲とした。 Further, the height (f) of the vertical piece of the joining material is
The pair of aluminum or aluminum alloy plates
It is almost the same as the thickness (t) and the width of the horizontal piece of the joining material
(X) is 0.8 to 1.0 times the outer diameter (P) of the bottom surface of the bobbin.
Aluminum or aluminum alloy plate within the range
A method for joining materials (claim 2) is also included. According to this,
Since the height (f) of the vertical piece of the composite material is in the above range, the height
Stir welding with almost all vertical pieces of joining material occupied
Has a sound stirrer throughout the cross section of the joint
Bonding line can be formed. Moreover, the width of the horizontal piece of joining material
Since (X) is within the above range, the surface holding portion on the bottom surface of the bobbin is
The horizontal piece of joining material is held down and the friction pin
Plastic pieces can be reliably plasticized and fluidized to form a sound joining line.
The resulting friction stir welding can be performed. The width of the horizontal piece
If (X) is less than 0.8 times the outer diameter (P) of the bobbin, the horizontal piece
Becomes insufficient, while the width (X) is smaller than the outer diameter (P).
If it exceeds 1.0 times, both ends of the horizontal piece will be plasticized and fluidized.
It remains as a burr and does not need to be removed after joining.
Therefore, the above range excluding these is desirable.
New range.
【００１０】更に、本発明には、前記摩擦ピンの直径
(ｐ)が、前記前記接合材の垂直片の厚さ(ｘ)の１．２倍
以上である、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板材の
接合方法(請求項３)も含まれる。 これによれば、一対の
板材の端面付近が摩擦攪拌接合による可塑・流動化によ
り確実に攪拌部となり健全な接合線を確実に得ることが
可能となる。上記ピンの直径(ｐ)が垂直片の厚さ(ｘ)の
１．２倍未満では各板材の端面間における摩擦ピンの先
端部付近における流動化が不十分になり得る為、係る範
囲を除外した。一方 、 直径(ｐ)の上限は厚さ(ｘ)の約
２．０倍程が経験的に好ましい。 Further, according to the present invention, the friction pin has a diameter.
(p) is 1.2 times the thickness (x) of the vertical piece of the bonding material.
The above, of aluminum or aluminum alloy plate material
The bonding method (claim 3) is also included. According to this, a pair of
Near the end face of the plate is plasticized and fluidized by friction stir welding
It becomes a stirrer part more reliably and a sound joining line can be reliably obtained.
It becomes possible. The diameter (p) of the pin is equal to the thickness (x) of the vertical piece.
Less than 1.2 times, the tip of the friction pin between the end faces of each plate
Fluidization near the edge may be insufficient.
Box was excluded. On the other hand , the upper limit of the diameter (p) is about the thickness (x).
About 2.0 times is empirically preferable.
【００１１】更に、本発明には、前記摩擦ピンの長さ
(Ｓ)が、板材の板厚(ｔ)と接合材の水平片の厚さ(ｇ)と
の合計よりも０．０５〜０．４ｍｍ短い、アルミニウム
又はアルミニウム合金板材の接合方法(請求項４)も含ま
れる。 係る範囲を外すと接合線の深さが不足したり、或
いは逆に接合線が裏面側まで達し、各板材の裏面に変形
が生じて強度低下を招き得るためである。 Further, according to the present invention, the length of the friction pin
(S) is the thickness (t) of the plate material and the thickness (g) of the horizontal piece of the joining material.
Aluminum that is 0.05 to 0.4 mm shorter than the sum of
Also includes the method of joining aluminum alloy sheet material (Claim 4)
It is. Outside of this range, the depth of the joint line may be insufficient, or
Or conversely, the joining line reaches the back side and deforms to the back side of each plate material
This may cause a decrease in strength.
【００１２】加えて、本発明には、前記接合材が、前記
アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板材と同じ組成又は
異なる組成のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金製の押
出形材、或いはこれらの材質からなる板材の折り曲げ材
である、アルミニウム合金板材の接合方法(請求項５)も
含まれる。 これによれば、摩擦攪拌接合を一層確実に施
すことができる。特に、押出形材の接合材を用いると、
その製造は押出成形にて簡単でき、断面形状の設計も容
易であると共に、板材同士の位置決めも容易に行える。
尚、板材を折り曲げ加工した折り曲げ材の場合、その垂
直片は断面略Ｕ形状で厚肉になるが、その水平片が垂直
片の約半分の厚さとなることに留意する必要がある。 [0012] In addition, according to the present invention, the bonding material is
Same composition as aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet material or
Presses made of aluminum or aluminum alloy of different composition
Forming material or bent material of plate material made of these materials
The method of joining aluminum alloy sheet materials (Claim 5)
included. According to this, friction stir welding is more reliably performed.
I can do it. In particular, when using an extruded joining material,
Its production can be simple by extrusion molding, and the cross-sectional shape can be designed.
It is easy and the positioning of the plate members can be easily performed.
In the case of a bent material obtained by bending a plate material,
The straight piece is thick with a substantially U-shaped cross section, but the horizontal piece is vertical
Note that it is about half the thickness of the strip.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下において本発明の実施に好適
な形態を図面と共に説明する。図１(Ａ)は接合すべき一
対のアルミニウム合金板材１ａ，１ｂと、その間に介在
させる接合材２の断面を示す。上記板材１ａ，１ｂのア
ルミニウム合金には、純Ａｌ系(例えばJIS:Ａ１０８０,
Ａ１１００)、Ａｌ−Ｍｎ系(例えばJIS:Ａ３００３)、
Ａｌ−Ｍｇ系(例えばJIS:Ａ５０５２,Ａ５４５７)、Ａ
ｌ−Ｍｇ−Ｓｉ系(例えばJIS:Ａ６０６１)等が用いられ
る。また、接合材２は、水平片４とその中央から直角に
延びる垂直片６とを一体に有する断面略Ｔ形を呈し、ア
ルミニウム合金製の押出形材からなる。係る形材２のア
ルミニウム合金には、例えばＡｌ−Ｍｇ−Ｓｉ系のJIS:
Ａ６０６１−Ｔ５,Ａ６０６３−Ｔ５又はＴ６,６Ｎ０１
−Ｔ５等が用いられる。尚、板材１ａ,１ｂの材質や接
合材２の合金組成は、何れのものでも利用できるが、接
合後の強度を勘案して適切なものを選択すれば良い。ま
た、板材１ａ，１ｂの板厚は、約３〜１２ｍｍ程度であ
る。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A shows a cross section of a pair of aluminum alloy plates 1a and 1b to be joined and a joining material 2 interposed therebetween. The aluminum alloys of the plate members 1a and 1b include pure Al (for example, JIS: A1080,
A1100), Al-Mn system (for example, JIS: A3003),
Al-Mg type (for example, JIS: A5052, A5457), A
An l-Mg-Si type (for example, JIS: A6061) or the like is used. The joining material 2 has a substantially T-shaped cross section integrally including a horizontal piece 4 and a vertical piece 6 extending at a right angle from the center thereof, and is made of an extruded material made of an aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy of the shape member 2 includes, for example, Al-Mg-Si-based JIS:
A6061-T5, A6063-T5 or T6,6N01
-T5 or the like is used. In addition, any material can be used for the material of the plate materials 1a and 1b and the alloy composition of the bonding material 2, but an appropriate material may be selected in consideration of the strength after bonding. The plate thickness of the plate members 1a and 1b is about 3 to 12 mm.
【００１４】先ず、図１(Ａ)及び(Ｂ)に示すように、一
対の板材１ａ，１ｂの端面間に接合材２の垂直片６を挿
入し、且つ水平片４の左右半分ずつを板材１ａ，１ｂの
各表面に接触するようにした状態で、板材１ａ，１ｂを
図示しない治具により拘束する。これにより、接合材２
はその垂直片６が板材１ａ，１ｂの端面間に挟持されつ
つ固定される。尚、接合材２における垂直片６の長さ
は、板材１ａ，１ｂの板厚と同じである。次に、図１
(Ｂ)に示すように、拘束した上記板材１ａ，１ｂの外側
で且つ接合材２の水平片４の中央付近に摩擦攪拌接合用
の工具１０を近付ける。工具１０は円筒形のボビン１２
と、その底面を形成する緩くカーブして凹む表面抑え部
１４と、その中心からボビン１２と同軸にして垂下する
摩擦ピン１６とを有する。該ピン１６の表面には図示し
ないネジ形状の水平な摩擦攪拌翼が形成されている。First, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a vertical piece 6 of the joining material 2 is inserted between the end faces of a pair of plate materials 1a and 1b, and each of the left and right halves of the horizontal piece 4 is attached to the plate material. The plate members 1a and 1b are restrained by a jig (not shown) in a state where they come into contact with the respective surfaces of the plates 1a and 1b. Thereby, the joining material 2
Is fixed while its vertical piece 6 is sandwiched between the end faces of the plate members 1a and 1b. In addition, the length of the vertical piece 6 in the joining material 2 is the same as the thickness of the plate materials 1a and 1b. Next, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2B, the friction stir welding tool 10 is moved outside the restrained plate members 1a and 1b and near the center of the horizontal piece 4 of the bonding material 2. The tool 10 is a cylindrical bobbin 12
And a surface suppressing portion 14 which forms a bottom surface and is curved and concaved, and a friction pin 16 which is coaxial with the bobbin 12 and hangs down from the center thereof. A screw-shaped horizontal friction stirrer blade (not shown) is formed on the surface of the pin 16.
【００１５】尚、摩擦ピン１６の長さは３〜１０ｍｍ、
その直径は２〜１０ｍｍ、表面抑え部１４の直径は６〜
２５ｍｍである。また、この工具１０の回転速度は５０
０〜１５０００ｒｐｍ、送り速度は０.０５〜２ｍ／分
で、工具１０の軸方向に加える押し込み力は１ｋＮ〜２
０ｋＮ程度で、板厚や材質及び接合材の寸法や材質に応
じて適正値を選択する。そして、図１(Ｃ)に示すよう
に、回転する工具１０の摩擦ピン１６を、接合材２の水
平片４に貫通させ且つその垂直片６の下部付近まで進入
させる。同時に工具１０の表面抑え部１４は、接合材２
の水平片４を上から押え込む。この状態で、工具１０を
図示で手前方向に移動(送り)させることにより、摩擦攪
拌接合の施工が可能となる。The length of the friction pin 16 is 3 to 10 mm.
The diameter is 2 to 10 mm, and the diameter of the surface suppressing portion 14 is 6 to
25 mm. The rotational speed of the tool 10 is 50
0 to 15000 rpm, feed rate is 0.05 to 2 m / min, and the pushing force applied in the axial direction of the tool 10 is 1 kN to 2 kN.
At about 0 kN, an appropriate value is selected according to the thickness and material of the sheet and the dimensions and material of the joining material. Then, as shown in FIG. 1C, the friction pin 16 of the rotating tool 10 is made to penetrate the horizontal piece 4 of the joining material 2 and to enter near the lower part of the vertical piece 6. At the same time, the surface holding portion 14 of the tool 10
The horizontal piece 4 from above. In this state, the friction stir welding can be performed by moving (feeding) the tool 10 in the front direction in the drawing.
【００１６】ここで、板材１ａ，１ｂと接合材２との関
係を図２(Ａ)により説明する。接合材２の垂直片６の高
さｆは、板材１ａ，１ｂの板厚ｔと同じが僅かに相違す
る程度が望ましい。これにより、板材１ａ，１ｂの端面
間が垂直片６にて占有され、後述する工具１０による健
全な接合線Ｗを断面全体に形成し得る。本発明におい
て、接合材２の水平片４の厚さｇは、板材１ａ，１ｂの
板厚ｔの０．２〜１．０倍とすることが必要である。こ
れにより、比較的薄肉の板材の１ａ，１ｂの端面付近の
板厚を増加でき、摩擦攪拌接合しても強度の低下を防
ぎ、所要の接合強度を得ることが容易になる。尚、０．
２倍未満では板厚が増えず、接合後に板材１ａ，１ｂの
板厚ｔよりも薄肉の部分が接合部に生じるため、接合強
度が不十分になり得る。一方、１．０倍を超えると接合
材２のサイズが大きくなり、その加工に要する時間も多
くなると共に、摩擦ピン１６が板材１ａ,１ｂの端面間に
進入しにくくなる。Here, the relationship between the plate materials 1a and 1b and the joining material 2 will be described with reference to FIG. The height f of the vertical piece 6 of the joining material 2 is desirably the same as, but slightly different from, the plate thickness t of the plate members 1a and 1b. Thereby, the space between the end faces of the plate members 1a and 1b is occupied by the vertical pieces 6, and a sound joining line W by the tool 10 described later can be formed over the entire cross section. In the present invention
Thus, the thickness g of the horizontal piece 4 of the joining material 2 needs to be 0.2 to 1.0 times the thickness t of the plate materials 1a and 1b. This makes it possible to increase the thickness of the relatively thin plate 1a, 1b in the vicinity of the end faces thereof, prevent a decrease in strength even by friction stir welding, and facilitate obtaining a required joining strength. In addition, 0.
If the thickness is less than twice, the plate thickness does not increase, and a portion thinner than the plate thickness t of the plate materials 1a and 1b is formed at the bonding portion after the bonding, so that the bonding strength may be insufficient. On the other hand, when it exceeds 1.0 times, the size of the joining material 2 becomes large, the time required for the processing increases, and the friction pin 16 becomes difficult to enter between the end faces of the plate materials 1a and 1b.
【００１７】更に、接合材２と工具１０との関係を図２
(Ａ)及び(Ｂ)により説明する。接合材２の水平片４の幅
Ｘは、工具１０におけるボビン底面１２(即ち表面抑え
部１４の直径)の外径Ｐの０．８〜１．０倍とするのが
望ましい。これにより、ボビン１２底面の表面抑え部１
４により水平片４の略全体を下向きに押圧でき、且つ可
塑・流動化したアルミニウム合金が外部に飛散するのを
防ぎ得る。また、工具１０における摩擦ピン１６の直径
ｐは、接合材２の垂直片６の厚さｘの１．２倍以上とす
ることが望ましい。これにより、摩擦ピン１６が垂直片
６とその両側の板材１ａ，２ａの端面付近にも進入し、
これら三者間の各アルミニウム合金の可塑・流動化によ
る健全な攪拌部を有する接合線Ｗを形成することができ
る。尚、上記直径ｐの上限は厚さｘの約２.０倍程度が
好ましい。更に、前記摩擦ピン１６の長さＳは、板材１
ａ(１ｂ)の板厚ｔと接合材２の水平片４の厚さｇとの合
計よりも０．０５〜０．４ｍｍ短くすることが望まし
い。これにより、健全な攪拌部を有する接合線Ｗを接合
部の断面全体に形成できる。FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the joining material 2 and the tool 10.
This will be described with reference to (A) and (B). It is desirable that the width X of the horizontal piece 4 of the joining material 2 be 0.8 to 1.0 times the outer diameter P of the bobbin bottom surface 12 (that is, the diameter of the surface suppressing portion 14) of the tool 10. As a result, the surface holding portion 1 on the bottom surface of the bobbin 12
4, the substantially entire horizontal piece 4 can be pressed downward, and the plasticized and fluidized aluminum alloy can be prevented from scattering to the outside. Further, it is desirable that the diameter p of the friction pin 16 in the tool 10 be 1.2 times or more the thickness x of the vertical piece 6 of the joining material 2. As a result, the friction pins 16 also enter the vicinity of the end faces of the vertical piece 6 and the plate members 1a and 2a on both sides thereof,
It is possible to form a joining line W having a sound stirring portion by plasticization and fluidization of each of the three aluminum alloys. The upper limit of the diameter p is preferably about 2.0 times the thickness x. Furthermore, the length S of the friction pin 16 is
It is desirable that the thickness be shorter by 0.05 to 0.4 mm than the sum of the plate thickness t of a (1b) and the thickness g of the horizontal piece 4 of the bonding material 2. Thereby, the joining line W having a sound stirring portion can be formed over the entire cross section of the joining portion.
【００１８】図３は摩擦攪拌接合の工程に関し、図３
(Ａ)は各端面間に接合材２を固定した板材１ａ，１ｂに
対し、５００〜１５０００ｒｐｍで回転する工具１０を
僅かに接合部の長手方向に傾けて進入させる状態を示
す。工具１０は、図３(Ｂ)に示すように、摩擦ピン１６
の先端を接合材２の垂直片６の下部付近まで進入させ、
且つ表面抑え部１４を水平片４全体に押圧する。この際
の工具１０の軸方向に加える押し込み力は１ｋＮ〜２０
ｋＮ程度である。この状態で、工具１０は図示で左側に
送られる。その送り速度は０.０５〜２ｍ／分である。
これにより、図３(Ｃ)にも示すように、上記摩擦ピン１
６の回転と移動に伴って、各板材１ａ,１ｂの端面付近
と接合材２の水平・垂直片４,６の各アルミニウム合金
は、摩擦熱により加熱して可塑化されると共に、垂直片
６を挟んで各板材１ａ，１ｂ間に渉って水平及び垂直方
向に流動化される。また、表面抑え部１４は、流動化し
たアルミニウム合金の垂直方向の動きを抑制すると共
に、摩擦ピン１６により流動化されたアルミニウム合金
を攪拌する。FIG. 3 relates to the friction stir welding process.
(A) shows a state in which the tool 10 rotating at 500 to 15000 rpm is slightly inclined in the longitudinal direction of the joining portion and enters the plate materials 1a and 1b in which the joining material 2 is fixed between the end surfaces. The tool 10 includes a friction pin 16 as shown in FIG.
Into the vicinity of the lower part of the vertical piece 6 of the joining material 2,
In addition, the surface holding portion 14 is pressed on the entire horizontal piece 4. The pushing force applied in the axial direction of the tool 10 at this time is 1 kN to 20 kN.
It is about kN. In this state, the tool 10 is sent to the left side in the figure. The feed speed is 0.05 to 2 m / min.
As a result, as shown in FIG.
With the rotation and movement of 6, the aluminum alloys near the end faces of the respective plate members 1a, 1b and the horizontal and vertical pieces 4, 6 of the joining material 2 are plasticized by heating by frictional heat, and the vertical pieces 6 are heated. Is fluidized in the horizontal and vertical directions across the respective plate members 1a and 1b. In addition, the surface suppressing unit 14 suppresses the vertical movement of the fluidized aluminum alloy and agitates the fluidized aluminum alloy by the friction pins 16.
【００１９】その結果、工具１０が通過した跡には、図
３(Ｄ)に示すように、上記アルミニウム合金は固相状態
で固化し、一定の幅と深さの攪拌部を有する接合線Ｗが
形成される。この接合線Ｗの表面には、中央に極く浅い
凹溝Ｗａと、その両側に低い一対の凸部Ｗｂが形成され
る。この凹溝Ｗａ及び凸部Ｗｂは、何れも各板材１ａ，
１ｂの各表面よりも外方に位置しているため、接合線Ｗ
によって板材１ａ，１ｂの板厚よりも薄肉の部分が形成
されない。また、接合線Ｗの底部Ｗｃは各板材１ａ，１
ｂの反対側の裏面に達している。係る接合線Ｗを形成す
ることにより、板材１ａ，１ｂ間の接合強度を低下させ
ず、健全な接合を行うことがてきる。尚、各凸部Ｗｂを
凹溝Ｗａの位置まで切除すると外観上も好ましくなる。
また、接合部の強度低下を防ぐため、外観上支障なけれ
ば板材１ａ，１ｂの板厚よりも、接合部の最少厚さが大
きくなるように、接合材２の寸法を設定しても良い。As a result, as shown in FIG. 3 (D), the aluminum alloy is solidified in a solid state in the trace where the tool 10 has passed, and the joining line W having a stirrer with a constant width and depth is formed. Is formed. On the surface of the joining line W, an extremely shallow concave groove Wa is formed at the center, and a pair of low convex portions Wb are formed on both sides thereof. Each of the concave groove Wa and the convex portion Wb is a plate material 1a,
1b, the bonding line W
Accordingly, a portion thinner than the plate thickness of the plate members 1a and 1b is not formed. Also, the bottom Wc of the joining line W is
b has reached the reverse side. By forming such a joining line W, sound joining can be performed without decreasing the joining strength between the plate materials 1a and 1b. It should be noted that it is preferable in appearance to cut off each convex portion Wb to the position of the concave groove Wa.
Further, in order to prevent a decrease in the strength of the joining portion, the dimensions of the joining material 2 may be set so that the minimum thickness of the joining portion is larger than the plate thickness of the plate materials 1a and 1b if there is no problem in appearance.
【００２０】図４(Ａ)は、板材１ａ，１ｂ間に固定した
接合材２の水平片４の幅Ｘが、工具１０におけるボビン
１２の外径Ｐの１．０倍の条件で、摩擦攪拌接合を施す
ことによって得られた接合線Ｗの断面を示す。この場
合、ボビン１２底面の表面抑え部１４の直径ｐと水平片
４の幅Ｘが同じであるため、図示のように、接合線Ｗの
表面の両側にはバリ状に斜めに突出した凸部Ｗｂが一対
ほぼ対称に形成される。従って、各凸部Ｗｂを凹溝Ｗａ
の位置まで切除することが必要となる。また、図４(Ｂ)
は、板材１ａ,１ｂの板厚ｔを最小の３ｍｍとし、両者間
に水平片４の厚さｇをその０.４倍で且つ水平片４の幅
Ｘをボビン１２の外径Ｐの０.８倍として接合材２を固
定して、摩擦攪拌接合を施すことによって得られた接合
線Ｗの断面を示す。この場合、接合線Ｗは比較的偏平な
断面形状となるが、その表面の凹溝Ｗａ及び凸部Ｗｂ
は、何れも各板材１ａ，１ｂの各表面よりも外方に位置
していた。FIG. 4A shows the friction stirring under the condition that the width X of the horizontal piece 4 of the joining material 2 fixed between the plate materials 1a and 1b is 1.0 times the outer diameter P of the bobbin 12 in the tool 10. 3 shows a cross section of a bonding line W obtained by performing bonding. In this case, since the diameter p of the surface suppressing portion 14 on the bottom surface of the bobbin 12 and the width X of the horizontal piece 4 are the same, as shown in FIG. Wb is formed substantially symmetrically. Therefore, each convex portion Wb is formed into a concave groove Wa.
It is necessary to remove to the position of. FIG. 4 (B)
Is to set the thickness t of the plate members 1a and 1b to a minimum of 3 mm, set the thickness g of the horizontal piece 4 between them to 0.4 times that of the horizontal piece 4 and set the width X of the horizontal piece 4 to 0.3 mm of the outer diameter P of the bobbin 12. The cross section of the joining line W obtained by performing the friction stir welding with the joining material 2 fixed at 8 times is shown. In this case, the joining line W has a relatively flat cross-sectional shape, but the concave groove Wa and the convex portion Wb on the surface thereof.
Were located outside the respective surfaces of the respective plate members 1a and 1b.
【００２１】図４(Ｃ)は異なる形態の接合材２′を示
す。この接合材２′は、長尺で矩形のアルミニウム合金
の板材をその長手方向に沿う中央で断面Ｕ形に折り曲げ
て垂直片６とし、且つその左右両端部を９０度互いに反
対側にそれぞれ折り曲げて水平片４を形成したものであ
る。この場合、水平片４の厚さは垂直片６の約半分にな
るので、これを留意して前記板材１ａ，１ｂ及び工具１
０の各部との条件を考慮することが必要である。尚、断
面Ｕ形の垂直片６の中に隙間が多少残っていても、板材
１ａ，１ｂの端面間に挟持する際に強く押圧して解消で
き、また、水平片４が多少上向きに傾斜していても、工
具１０のボビン１２による軸方向の押圧力によって、摩
擦攪拌接合に供することが可能である。FIG. 4C shows a bonding material 2 'having a different form. This joining material 2 'is formed by bending a long rectangular aluminum alloy plate material into a vertical piece 6 at the center along the longitudinal direction into a U-shaped cross section, and bending both right and left ends 90 ° opposite to each other. The horizontal piece 4 is formed. In this case, the thickness of the horizontal piece 4 is about half the thickness of the vertical piece 6, so that the plate members 1a and 1b and the tool 1
It is necessary to consider the condition of each part of 0. It should be noted that even if some gaps remain in the vertical piece 6 having a U-shaped cross section, it can be eliminated by being strongly pressed when sandwiched between the end faces of the plate materials 1a and 1b, and the horizontal piece 4 tilts slightly upward. Even so, it is possible to provide friction stir welding by the axial pressing force of the bobbin 12 of the tool 10.
【００２２】図５は応用形態の接合方法に関し、図５
(Ａ)は前記形態よりも厚肉の約１４〜２５ｍｍの板厚ｔ
を有する板材１ａ，１ｂと、これらの間に固定する一対
の接合材２，２を示す。図５(Ａ)に示すように、各接合
材２はその垂直片６を板材１ａ，１ｂの端面の両側から
互いに接近するように挿入して、挟持・固定される。こ
の場合、二つの垂直片６の高さｆの合計は、板材１ａ，
１ｂの各板厚ｔと略同じか、僅かに長めとする。次に、
前記工具１０を用いて板材１ａ，１ｂの一方の表面から
その表面に位置する接合材２と共に、摩擦攪拌接合を施
して前記同様の接合線Ｗを形成する。更に、板材１ａ，
１ｂの他方の表(裏)面からその裏面に位置する接合材２
と共に、摩擦攪拌接合を施して同様の接合線Ｗを形成す
る。FIG. 5 relates to a joining method according to an applied embodiment.
(A) is a plate thickness t of about 14 to 25 mm thicker than the above-mentioned form.
Are shown, and a pair of joining materials 2 and 2 fixed between them are shown. As shown in FIG. 5 (A), each joining material 2 is sandwiched and fixed by inserting its vertical pieces 6 from both sides of the end surfaces of the plate materials 1a and 1b so as to approach each other. In this case, the sum of the heights f of the two vertical pieces 6 is the plate material 1a,
The thickness is substantially the same as or slightly longer than each plate thickness t of 1b. next,
Using the tool 10, friction stir welding is performed from one surface of the plate materials 1a, 1b together with the bonding material 2 located on the surface to form a bonding line W similar to the above. Further, the plate members 1a,
Bonding material 2 located on the back surface from the other front (back) surface of 1b
At the same time, a similar welding line W is formed by performing friction stir welding.
【００２３】その結果、図５(Ｂ)に示すように、一対の
接合線Ｗが対称に位置し、且つそれぞれの底部Ｗｃは互
いに重複し合う。しかも、各接合線Ｗの表面における浅
い凹溝Ｗａと凸部Ｗｂは、何れも板材１ａ，１ｂの各表
裏面より外方に位置し、強度を保った接合を得ることが
できる。尚、図５(Ａ)に示す状態で一対の接合材２，２
を用いず、図６(Ａ)に示すように、これらを一つの垂直
片６で一体に接合した断面略エ字形の押出形材２″を用
いることもできる。係る断面略エ字形の押出形材２″の
垂直片６の高さｆは、接合すべき板材１ａ，１ｂの板厚
よりも僅かに大きくしておけば良い。この断面略エ字形
の押出形材２″は、隣接する板材１ａ，１ｂの各端面間
に、その長手方向に沿って挿入する。これにより、約２
０ｍｍ程度の厚肉のアルミニウム合金板材同士を少ない
接合材で、位置決めを容易にしつつ確実に摩擦攪拌接合
を施すことが可能となる。As a result, as shown in FIG. 5B, the pair of joining lines W are located symmetrically, and their bottoms Wc overlap each other. In addition, both the shallow concave grooves Wa and the convex portions Wb on the surface of each joint line W are located outside of each of the front and back surfaces of the plate materials 1a and 1b, so that a joint with high strength can be obtained. In addition, in the state shown in FIG.
6A, it is also possible to use an extruded section 2 ″ having a substantially E-shaped cross section in which these are integrally joined by one vertical piece 6, as shown in FIG. The height f of the vertical piece 6 of the material 2 ″ may be slightly larger than the thickness of the plate materials 1a and 1b to be joined. The extruded member 2 ″ having a substantially E-shaped cross section is inserted along the longitudinal direction between the end surfaces of the adjacent plate members 1a and 1b.
It becomes possible to reliably perform friction stir welding while facilitating the positioning of aluminum alloy plates having a thickness of about 0 mm with a small number of joining materials.
【００２４】本発明は以上に説明した各形態に限定され
るものではない。例えば、図６(Ｂ)に示すように、一対
のアルミニウム合金板材１ａ,１ｂの端面間に沿って、断
面チャンネル形の一対の接合材２ａ,２ａを挟持し固定
して用いることもできる。この形態では、一対の接合材
２ａ,２ａで本発明の接合材となる。また、図７(Ａ)に
示すように、接合すべき一対のアルミニウム合金板材１
ａ，１ｂの板厚が相違している場合、図７(Ｂ)に示すよ
うに、傾斜した水平片４ｂを有する断面略Ｔ形の接合材
２ｂを板材１ａ，１ｂ間に固定し、工具１０を同様に傾
斜させて摩擦攪拌接合を施すこともできる。その結果、
図７(Ｃ)に示すように、水平片４ｂ及び工具１０に倣っ
て傾いた接合線Ｗを板材１ａ，１ｂ間に形成して接合す
ることができる。更に、断面略Ｔ形又は略エ字形の接合
材の水平片における外側のコーナ部に面取りを形成した
り、或いは水平片の表面を緩くカーブした湾曲面とした
断面の押出形材を用いることも可能である。The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), a pair of joining members 2a, 2a having a channel-shaped cross section may be sandwiched and fixed between end surfaces of a pair of aluminum alloy plate members 1a, 1b. In this embodiment, a pair of bonding materials 2a, 2a becomes the bonding material of the present invention. Further, as shown in FIG. 7A, a pair of aluminum alloy
In the case where the plate thicknesses of a and 1b are different from each other, as shown in FIG. 7 (B), a joining material 2b having a substantially T-shaped cross section having an inclined horizontal piece 4b is fixed between the plate materials 1a and 1b. May be similarly inclined to perform friction stir welding. as a result,
As shown in FIG. 7C, a joining line W inclined along the horizontal piece 4b and the tool 10 can be formed between the plate materials 1a and 1b and joined. Furthermore, it is also possible to form a chamfer at the outer corner portion of the horizontal piece of the joining material having a substantially T-shaped or substantially E-shaped cross section, or to use an extruded profile having a curved surface with a gentle curved surface on the horizontal piece. It is possible.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上において説明した本発明の接合方法
によれば、一対のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板
材と共に可塑化され流動化する接合材の水平片により、
各板材間の板厚減少を補うことができ、摩擦攪拌接合に
よる薄肉の板材同士の突合わせ接合を所要の強度を有し
て確実に施すことができる。また、接合材の固定は、そ
の垂直片を一対の板材間に挟持するのみで良く、通常の
板材の拘束方法により容易に行うことが可能である。し
かも、接合材の厚さ(ｇ)を前記範囲内に規制したため、
薄肉の板材の端面同士を摩擦攪拌接合しても板厚の減少
を防ぎ、所要の接合強度を得ることが容易となる。 According to the joining method of the present invention described above, the horizontal piece of the joining material that is plasticized and fluidized together with the pair of aluminum or aluminum alloy sheets can be used.
It is possible to compensate for a decrease in the thickness of each sheet material, and it is possible to reliably perform butt joining of thin sheet materials by friction stir welding with required strength. In addition , the fixing of the joining material may be performed only by sandwiching the vertical piece between the pair of plate members, and can be easily performed by a normal plate member restraining method. I
Because the thickness of the bonding material (g) was regulated within the above range,
Even if friction stir welding is applied to the end faces of thin plate materials, the plate thickness decreases
And it is easy to obtain the required bonding strength.
【図１】(Ａ)〜(Ｃ)は本発明の接合方法の各工程を示す
部分概略図。1 (A) to 1 (C) are partial schematic views showing each step of a bonding method according to the present invention.
【図２】(Ａ)は板材と接合材の関係を説明する概略図、
(Ｂ)は接合材と工具の関係を説明する概略図。FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a plate material and a bonding material,
(B) is a schematic diagram for explaining the relationship between the joining material and the tool.
【図３】(Ａ)〜(Ｄ)は本発明の接合方法の各工程を示す
部分概略図。FIGS. 3A to 3D are partial schematic views showing each step of the bonding method of the present invention.
【図４】(Ａ)及び(Ｂ)は得られた各接合部を示す部分概
略図、(Ｃ)は異なる形態の接合材を用いる工程の部分概
略図。4 (A) and 4 (B) are partial schematic views showing the obtained joints, and FIG. 4 (C) is a partial schematic view of a process using a bonding material having a different form.
【図５】(Ａ)及び(Ｂ)本発明の応用形態の接合方法の各
工程を示す部分概略図。FIGS. 5A and 5B are partial schematic views showing each step of a bonding method according to an application of the present invention.
【図６】(Ａ)及び(Ｂ)本発明の異なる形態の接合方法を
示す部分概略図。6 (A) and 6 (B) are partial schematic views showing a bonding method according to a different embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】(Ａ)〜(Ｃ)は本発明の更に異なる形態の接合方
法の各工程を示す部分概略図。FIGS. 7A to 7C are partial schematic views showing respective steps of a bonding method according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】(Ａ)〜(Ｃ)は従来の摩擦攪拌接合の各工程を示
す概略図、(Ｄ)と(Ｅ)は押出形材同士の摩擦攪拌接合の
各工程を示す部分概略図。8 (A) to 8 (C) are schematic views showing each step of conventional friction stir welding, and FIGS. 8 (D) and 8 (E) are partial schematic views showing each step of friction stir welding between extruded shapes.
１ａ，１ｂ…………………アルミニウム合金板材 ２,２′,２″,２ａ,２ｂ…接合材 ４，４ｂ……………………水平片 ６……………………………垂直片 １２…………………………ボビン １４…………………………表面抑え部 １６…………………………摩擦ピン ｆ……………………………垂直片の高さ ｘ……………………………垂直片の厚さ Ｘ……………………………水平片の幅 ｇ……………………………水平片の厚さ ｔ……………………………板材の板厚 Ｐ……………………………ボビンの外径 ｐ……………………………摩擦ピンの直径 Ｓ……………………………摩擦ピンの長さ 1a, 1b ... aluminum alloy plate material 2, 2 ', 2 ", 2a, 2b ... joining material 4, 4b ... ... horizontal piece 6 ... ... ... ... …… Vertical piece 12 ……………… Bobbin 14 …………………… Surface holder 16 ……………… Friction pin f …………… ……… Vertical piece height x ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Horizontal piece width g …………… ………… Horizontal piece thickness t …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ... Diameter of friction pin S: Length of friction pin
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 牧田 慎也 静岡県庵原郡蒲原町蒲原一丁目34番１号 日本軽金属株式会社グループ技術セン ター内 審査官 加藤 昌人 (56)参考文献 特開 平11−10368（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B23K 20/12 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued from the front page (72) Inventor Shinya Makita 1-34-1 Kambara, Kambara-cho, Anbara-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture Examiner, Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. Group Technology Center Masato Kato (56) -10368 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B23K 20/12
Claims (5)
板材同士の端面間に、断面略Ｔ形又は略エ字形の接合材
の垂直片を挟持し、且つこの接合材の水平片を上記一対
の板材の各表面又は表面及び裏面上に接触させる工程
と、 上記一対のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板材同士
の表面及び／又は裏面側から、回転するボビン底面の表
面抑え部で上記接合材の水平片を押圧し、この表面抑え
部の中心から垂下し表面抑え部と同時に回転する摩擦ピ
ンを接合材の水平片に貫通し、且つその垂直片に沿って
上記板材同士の端面間に所定の深さ進入させると共に、
このボビン及び摩擦ピンを回転しつつ上記板材同士の端
面間の長手方向に沿って移動させて摩擦攪拌接合を施す
工程と、を含み、 上記接合材の水平片の厚さ(ｇ)が、前記一対のアルミニ
ウム又はアルミニウム合金板材の板厚(ｔ)の０．２〜
１．０倍の範囲内にある、 ことを特徴とするアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板
材の接合方法。1. A vertical piece of a joining material having a substantially T-shaped or substantially E-shaped cross section is sandwiched between end faces of a pair of aluminum or aluminum alloy plates, and a horizontal piece of the joining material is attached to each of the pair of plates. A step of contacting the front surface or the front and back surfaces, and pressing the horizontal piece of the bonding material from the front and / or back surfaces of the pair of aluminum or aluminum alloy plates with a surface restraining portion on the bottom surface of the rotating bobbin. A friction pin that hangs down from the center of the surface pressing portion and rotates simultaneously with the surface pressing portion penetrates the horizontal piece of the joining material, and along the vertical piece, enters a predetermined depth between the end faces of the plate materials,
A step of performing friction stir welding is moved along the longitudinal direction between the end surface of the plate member to each other while rotating the bobbin and friction pins, only including the thickness of the horizontal piece of the bonding material (g) is The pair of aluminum
Of the thickness of the aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet (t)
A method for joining aluminum or aluminum alloy sheets, wherein the method is within 1.0 times .
対のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板材の板厚(ｔ)
と略同一であると共に、 上記接合材の水平片の幅(Ｘ)が、前記ボビン底面の外径
(Ｐ)の０．８〜１．０倍の範囲内にある、 ことを特徴と
する請求項１に記載のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合
金板材の接合方法。2. The height (f) of the vertical piece of the joining material is equal to the one
Sheet thickness of paired aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet (t)
And the width (X) of the horizontal piece of the bonding material is the outer diameter of the bobbin bottom surface.
2. The method for joining aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the thickness is in the range of 0.8 to 1.0 times (P) .
材の垂直片の厚さ(ｘ)の１．２倍以上である、ことを特
徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のアルミニウム又はアル
ミニウム合金板材の接合方法。3. A method according to claim 3, wherein the diameter (p) of the friction pin is equal to the diameter of the joint.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness is at least 1.2 times the thickness (x) of the vertical piece of the material .
厚(ｔ)及び接合材の水平片の厚さ(ｇ)との合計よりも
０．０５〜０．４ｍｍ短い、 ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れか一項に記載の
アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金板材の接合方法。 4. The length (S) of the friction pin is equal to the plate length of the plate material.
Than the sum of the thickness (t) and the thickness (g) of the horizontal piece of joining material
The method for joining aluminum or aluminum alloy sheets according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method is shorter by 0.05 to 0.4 mm .
ミニウム合金板材と同じ組成又は異なる組成のアルミニ
ウム又はアルミニウム合金製の押出形材、或い はこれら
の材質からなる板材の折り曲げ材である、ことを特徴と
する請求項１乃至４の何れか一項に記載のアルミニウム
又はアルミニウム合金板材の接合方法。 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bonding material is aluminum or aluminum.
Aluminum of the same or different composition as the minium alloy sheet
Um or aluminum alloy extruded shape, walk these
The method for joining aluminum or aluminum alloy plate materials according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is a bent material of a plate material made of the following materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26215098A JP3329281B2 (en) | 1998-09-16 | 1998-09-16 | Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet joining method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26215098A JP3329281B2 (en) | 1998-09-16 | 1998-09-16 | Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet joining method |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002093628A Division JP3948323B2 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2002-03-29 | Method of joining aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000094159A JP2000094159A (en) | 2000-04-04 |
| JP3329281B2 true JP3329281B2 (en) | 2002-09-30 |
Family
ID=17371761
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26215098A Expired - Lifetime JP3329281B2 (en) | 1998-09-16 | 1998-09-16 | Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet joining method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3329281B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN103962715A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-08-06 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Vertically compensated stirring friction welding technique |
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| DE60333029D1 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2010-07-29 | Nippon Light Metal Co | COMPOUND PROCESS FOR ALUMINUM POWDER ALLOY |
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| US20220161354A1 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2022-05-26 | Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. | Joining method |
| JP7127614B2 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Joining method |
| JP7127602B2 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2022-08-30 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Joining method |
| CN111889874A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-11-06 | 上海畅桥真空***制造有限公司 | Stirring welding method for aluminum alloy and stainless steel |
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-
1998
- 1998-09-16 JP JP26215098A patent/JP3329281B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103962715A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-08-06 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Vertically compensated stirring friction welding technique |
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|---|---|
| JP2000094159A (en) | 2000-04-04 |
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