JP3207213U - Integrated aquaculture system - Google Patents
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- JP3207213U JP3207213U JP2016600108U JP2016600108U JP3207213U JP 3207213 U JP3207213 U JP 3207213U JP 2016600108 U JP2016600108 U JP 2016600108U JP 2016600108 U JP2016600108 U JP 2016600108U JP 3207213 U JP3207213 U JP 3207213U
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- 238000009348 integrated aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】統合水産養殖システムを提供する。【解決手段】培養池、培養池補助物、および、少なくとも一群の生物ろ過槽を備える。培養池は、防水段を敷いた、池、または、掘削されたくぼみに置かれた容器であり、生物ろ過槽のそれぞれは、池またはくぼみの土手上に置かれ、培養池からの水は、生物ろ過槽の底部の取水口を介して槽本体へ入れられ、処理後、上部の流出口を介して培養池へ戻るように流れる。水ポンプにより培養池の内部及び外部の水位ならびに圧力差を変更され、培養池は自動的に上昇または下降する。それにより、人々は水に進入することなく魚を収穫することができる。 本考案による統合水産養殖システムは、投資費が低く、漁獲量が高く、基盤および作業場の資本構成を必要とせず、固定資産の投資費用を大きく低減し、地域の池およびくぼみの環境資源を十分に活用し、地域の状況に基準を調節し、設備ベースの高密度水産養殖を実現することができる。【選択図】図２An integrated aquaculture system is provided. A culture pond, a culture pond supplement, and at least a group of biological filtration tanks are provided. A culture pond is a container placed in a pond or an excavated depression with a waterproof step, and each of the biological filtration tanks is placed on the bank of the pond or depression, and the water from the culture pond is It flows into the tank body through the water intake at the bottom of the biological filtration tank and flows back to the culture pond through the upper outlet after the treatment. The water level inside and outside the culture pond and the pressure difference are changed by the water pump, and the culture pond is automatically raised or lowered. This allows people to harvest fish without entering the water. The integrated aquaculture system according to the present invention has a low investment cost, a high catch, does not require the capital structure of the base and the workplace, greatly reduces the investment cost of fixed assets, and provides sufficient environmental resources for local ponds and depressions. It can be used to adjust the standard to local conditions and realize equipment-based high-density aquaculture. [Selection] Figure 2
Description
本考案は、水産養殖または栽植および繁殖統合化の分野に関し、とりわけ、統合水産養殖システムに関する。 The present invention relates to the field of aquaculture or planting and breeding integration, and more particularly to an integrated aquaculture system.
水産養殖には、以下の典型的な形態：従来の池中養殖、産業用高密度養殖、および、地上の水嚢培養池での水産養殖がある。 Aquaculture includes the following typical forms: conventional pond culture, industrial high-density culture, and aquaculture in aboveground water sacs culture ponds.
従来の池中養殖は、培養密度が低く、より広い水域およびより多くの人員、ならびに非汚染水源を必要とし、汚水を放出し、漁獲量値および効率が低く、経済の原理、および高効率に見合うものではない。このため、従来の水産養殖は、大都市近くの区域からだんだんと姿を消している。 Traditional pond aquaculture has a low culture density, requires wider water bodies and more personnel, and non-polluted water sources, releases sewage, has low catch value and efficiency, is economically efficient, and is highly efficient It's not worth it. For this reason, traditional aquaculture is gradually disappearing from areas near large cities.
産業用高密度水産養殖は、漁獲量値が高く、高効率のものである。培養密度は、全水重量の４０％に達する場合があるが、基盤、作業場、および、設備に多額の投資を必要とし、普通の農業従事者には手が届かない。さらに、産業用高密度水産養殖は、一般的に、水を浄化するための水産養殖用水の容積の２倍以上のエアレーションおよび生物ろ過器の設置を必要とする。この浄水ユニットの価値は高く、その維持費用も多額である。 Industrial high-density aquaculture has high catch value and high efficiency. The culture density can reach 40% of the total water weight, but requires significant investment in the foundation, workplace and equipment and is out of reach for ordinary farmers. Furthermore, industrial high-density aquaculture generally requires more than twice the volume of aquaculture water volume to purify water and install a biological filter. The value of this water purification unit is high, and its maintenance costs are large.
地上の軟質水嚢培養池が採用される時、１ｍ未満の水深では、一般的に、水圧によって深海養殖の要件を満たすことはできない。 When ground soft water sac culture ponds are employed, the depth of less than 1 m generally cannot meet the requirements of deep sea culture due to water pressure.
従って、従来の池中養殖方法と産業用高密度水産養殖とを組み合わせることで、最適な生態学的かつ経済的利益を達成するために、地域の状況に従って、適切な統合水産養殖システムを開発することが必要である。 Therefore, in order to achieve optimal ecological and economic benefits by combining traditional pond culture methods and industrial high-density aquaculture, an appropriate integrated aquaculture system will be developed according to local conditions It is necessary.
本考案の目的は、区域の環境資源を十分に活用し、固定資産の投資費用を大幅に低減し、低い投資費、高漁獲量、ならびに、基盤および作業場の資本構成がいらないことを特徴とする、高密度統合水産養殖システムを提供することである。 The purpose of the present invention is to fully utilize the environmental resources of the area, greatly reduce the investment cost of fixed assets, and is characterized by low investment cost, high catch, and no capital structure of base and workplace It is to provide a high density integrated aquaculture system.
本考案は、以下の技術方式を提供する。 The present invention provides the following technical methods.
統合水産養殖システムは、少なくとも培養池、培養池補助物、および、少なくとも一群の生物ろ過槽を備え、培養池は、防水段を敷いた、池、または、掘削されたくぼみに置かれた容器であり、生物ろ過槽のそれぞれは、池またはくぼみの土手上に置かれ、培養池からの水は、生物ろ過槽の底部の取水口を介して槽本体へ入れられ、処理後、上部の流出口を介して培養池へ戻るように流れる。 The integrated aquaculture system comprises at least a culture pond, a culture pond supplement, and at least a group of biological filtration tanks, which are containers placed in ponds or excavated depressions with waterproof steps. Yes, each of the biological filtration tanks is placed on the bank of a pond or indentation, and the water from the culture pond is put into the tank body through the water intake at the bottom of the biological filtration tank, and after the treatment, the upper outlet To flow back to the culture pond.
好ましい方式として、培養池は池に置かれる容器であり、培養池補助物は組み合わせタイプのポンツーンであり、容器はポンツーンの浮遊式ラック上に直立し、池に配設される。 In a preferred manner, the culture pond is a container placed in the pond, the culture pond supplement is a combination type pontoon, and the container stands upright on the floating pontoon rack and is placed in the pond.
好ましい方式として、排水孔は、培養池の壁上に、池の水位より高く配設され、水流ポンプおよび／または水中ポンプは、培養池内部に配設される。 As a preferred method, the drain hole is disposed on the wall of the culture pond higher than the water level of the pond, and the water flow pump and / or the submersible pump are disposed inside the culture pond.
好ましい方式として、水流ポンプおよび／または水中ポンプが水を培養池へ注入する時、培養池内部の水圧は培養池外部の水圧より大きいことで、培養池は下降し、水流ポンプおよび／または水中ポンプが培養地から水をくみ上げる時、培養池内部の水圧は培養池外部の水圧より小さくなることで、培養池は上昇する。 As a preferred method, when the water pump and / or submersible pump injects water into the culture pond, the water pressure inside the culture pond is larger than the water pressure outside the culture pond, so that the culture pond descends, and the water pump and / or submersible pump When water is pumped from the culture place, the culture pond rises because the water pressure inside the culture pond becomes smaller than the water pressure outside the culture pond.
好ましい方式として、培養池は、防水段を敷いた掘削されたくぼみであり、培養池補助物は、平らであり、該くぼみの補強内壁である。 In a preferred manner, the culture pond is an excavated well with a waterproof step, and the culture basin supplement is flat and the reinforced inner wall of the well.
好ましい方式として、複数の培養池は、小規模から大規模へ、浅部から深部へ配置され、相互に連通可能であり、水門によって相互に分離される一群の培養池から成り、大規模な培養池の深くなった部分の容積は、該部分に隣接する小規模な培養池の全容積に等しいまたはそれより大きく、水門を開放後、小規模な培養池の水および水産物は、大規模な培養池へ完全に放出されてよい。 As a preferred method, a plurality of culture ponds are arranged from a small scale to a large scale, from a shallow part to a deep part, can communicate with each other, and consist of a group of culture ponds separated from each other by a sluice. The volume of the deepened portion of the pond is equal to or greater than the total volume of the small culture pond adjacent to the portion, and after opening the sluice, the water and seafood in the small culture pond It may be completely discharged into the pond.
好ましい方式として、このシステムは、散在するように、池またはくぼみの土手上に配置されて、水産養殖システム全体の周辺補助物またはフェンスを形成する複数の生物ろ過槽をさらに備え、水産養殖システムの温室として複数の生物ろ過槽の頂部に、鋼線が引かれる、または、補助物が設置される。 As a preferred method, the system further comprises a plurality of biological filtration tanks arranged on the bank of ponds or indentations so as to be interspersed to form peripheral aids or fences for the entire aquaculture system. As a greenhouse, steel wires are drawn on the tops of a plurality of biological filtration tanks, or auxiliary materials are installed.
好ましい方式として、このシステムは、培養池パイプラインと連通し、培養池の水温を調整するために使用される給水塔および／または加熱装置をさらに備える。 As a preferred mode, the system further comprises a water tower and / or a heating device in communication with the culture pond pipeline and used to adjust the temperature of the culture pond water.
好ましい方式では、気流を調整することができるエアレーション装置は、生物ろ過槽それぞれの下部に配設され、排水口は底部に配設される。 In a preferred method, the aeration apparatus capable of adjusting the airflow is disposed at the lower part of each biological filtration tank, and the drain is disposed at the bottom.
好ましい方式として、沈殿層およびろ過層は、生物ろ過槽それぞれの内部に配設され、ろ過層は少なくとも１つのろ材を含み、沈降およびろ過後、生物ろ過槽の下部から進入する水は、生物ろ過槽の上部において流出口を介して流出する。 As a preferred method, the sedimentation layer and the filtration layer are disposed inside each biological filtration tank, the filtration layer includes at least one filter medium, and after settling and filtration, water entering from the bottom of the biological filtration tank It flows out through the outlet at the top of the tank.
好ましい方式として、水消毒装置は、生物ろ過槽それぞれの流出口に配設される。 As a preferred method, the water disinfection device is disposed at the outlet of each biological filtration tank.
好ましい方式として、このシステムは、コンベヤトラフを通して培養池へ接続される稚魚貯蔵池をさらに備える。 As a preferred mode, the system further comprises a fry storage pond connected to the culture pond through a conveyor trough.
好ましい方式として、コンベヤトラフ内部に、取り外し可能な稚魚ふるい分け用ふるいが配設される。 As a preferred method, a removable sieving sieve is disposed within the conveyor trough.
好ましい方式として、水生植物、または、無土壌栽培植物は、池またはくぼみに植えられる。 As a preferred mode, aquatic plants or soilless cultivated plants are planted in ponds or depressions.
好ましい方式として、水産養殖システムにおける成魚の培養密度は、培養池における水の全重量の１％〜４０％である。 As a preferred method, the culture density of the adult fish in the aquaculture system is 1% to 40% of the total weight of water in the culture pond.
本考案によって提供される技術方式の実装は以下の効果を有する。この水産養殖システムは、投資費が低く、漁獲量が高く、基盤および作業場の資本構成を必要とせず、固定資産の投資費用を大きく低減し、地域の池およびくぼみの環境資源を十分に活用し、地域の状況に基準を調節し、設備ベースの高密度水産養殖を実現することができる。成魚に基づいて計算される培養密度は、培養池の全水重量の４０％に達する場合がある（すなわち、培養池の１００トンの水によって１〜４０トンの成魚を繁殖させることができる）。 The implementation of the technical scheme provided by the present invention has the following effects. This aquaculture system is low in investment costs, high in catch, does not require a base and workplace capital structure, significantly reduces fixed asset investment costs, and fully utilizes the environmental resources of local ponds and wells. Can adjust the standard to the local situation and realize equipment-based high density aquaculture. The culture density calculated on adult fish may reach 40% of the total water weight of the culture pond (ie, 1 to 40 tons of adult fish can be propagated by 100 tons of water in the culture pond).
以下に、添付の図面および実施形態に言及することによって、本考案についてさらに説明する。 The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
本考案によって提供される水産養殖場は、好ましくは、淡水源が豊富であり、かつ、人口密度が低い郊外または地方にあり、既存の池を活用することによって、または、くぼみを手作業で掘削することによって設けられてよい。 The aquaculture farm provided by the present invention is preferably in a suburb or region with abundant freshwater sources and low population density, by utilizing existing ponds, or by manually drilling indents May be provided.
図１に示されるように、本考案によって提供される水産養殖場における培養池は、正方形（１ａ）、長方形（１ｂ）、円筒形（１ｃ）、または、半円弧形（１ｄ）といったさまざまな形状であってよい。通常、培養池の送水管近くに１つまたは複数の排水孔１３が開けられる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the culture ponds in the aquaculture farm provided by the present invention may have various shapes such as a square (1a), a rectangle (1b), a cylinder (1c), or a semicircular arc (1d). It may be a shape. Usually, one or a plurality of drain holes 13 are opened near the water supply pipe of the culture pond.
図２および図４はそれぞれ、本考案によって提供される２種類の浮遊タイプの水産養殖場を示す。図２は、１つの培養池のみを有する、小規模な水産養殖場を示す。この水産養殖場は、地域の池１の水４を活用して、組み合わせタイプのポンツーン３を浮遊させ、軟質培養池５を支える。この軟質培養池５は、補助物としての亜鉛めっき管、および、池本体としての軟質材料を使用することによって作られる。軟質材料は、軟質プラスチック、防水布、ゴム材料、または、他の新しいタイプの軟質材料であってよい。水が培養地からくみ上げられる時、培養池の水位はわずかに降下し、培養池の内部と外部との間に圧力差が生じる。それゆえに、培養池の外部の水は軟質培養池の本体を内方に押し出すことになる。池の周辺部は亜鉛めっき管によって支えられ、ほとんど収縮できないため、培養地の底部は上方に浮遊することになる。それとは逆に、水が軟質培養池へ注入される場合、池本体は拡張することになり、それに従って、培養地の底部は下降することになる。具体的には、もっぱら魚糞を吸引するための大流量水中ポンプ１０、および、水流ポンプ１４は、池の底部に配設される。水は池に注入されて、池における陽圧Ｐ＋ΔＰ７を維持する。その結果、培養池の底部は、最低位置まで下降し、軟質培養池の形状を維持することになる。培養池の内部および外部の水位は、水ポンプ（水中ポンプおよび／または水流ポンプ）によって調整されてよい。培養池の内部および外部の水位ならびに圧力差を変更することによって、培養地は自動的に上昇または下降することになる。つまり、培養池内部の水圧が培養池外部の水圧より高くなる時、培養池の底部は下降することになり（水ポンプが培養池内へ水を注入する時、ΔＰ７は陽である）、培養池内部の水圧が培養池外部の水圧より低い時、培養池の底部は上昇することになる（水ポンプが培養地から水をくみ上げる時、ΔＰ７は陰である）。培養池が上昇する時、池の捕獲具を上昇させるようにするため、人々は、水に進入することなく魚を収穫することができる。 2 and 4 each show two floating type aquaculture farms provided by the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a small aquaculture farm with only one culture pond. This aquaculture farm uses the water 4 of the local pond 1 to float the combination type pontoon 3 and supports the soft culture pond 5. This soft culture pond 5 is made by using a galvanized tube as an auxiliary and a soft material as a pond body. The soft material may be a soft plastic, a waterproof cloth, a rubber material, or other new type of soft material. When water is pumped up from the culture place, the water level in the culture pond drops slightly, creating a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the culture pond. Therefore, the water outside the culture pond pushes the body of the soft pond inward. Since the periphery of the pond is supported by a galvanized tube and hardly contracts, the bottom of the culture area floats upward. Conversely, when water is injected into the soft culture pond, the pond body will expand and the bottom of the culture will descend accordingly. Specifically, the large-flow submersible pump 10 for sucking fish excrement and the water flow pump 14 are arranged at the bottom of the pond. Water is injected into the pond to maintain a positive pressure P + ΔP7 in the pond. As a result, the bottom of the culture pond descends to the lowest position and maintains the shape of the soft culture pond. The water level inside and outside the culture pond may be adjusted by a water pump (submersible pump and / or water flow pump). By changing the water level and pressure difference inside and outside the culture pond, the culture place will automatically rise or fall. In other words, when the water pressure inside the culture pond becomes higher than the water pressure outside the culture pond, the bottom of the culture pond will drop (when the water pump injects water into the culture pond, ΔP7 is positive), and the culture pond When the internal water pressure is lower than the water pressure outside the culture pond, the bottom of the culture pond will rise (when the water pump draws water from the culture site, ΔP7 is negative). When the culture pond rises, people can harvest the fish without entering the water so that the catcher in the pond is raised.
組み合わせタイプの生物ろ過槽モジュール１１は、浄水ユニットとして池の土手上に置かれ、その一方で、温室の補助物およびフェンスとして使用される場合があり、ワイヤーロープは、該モジュール１１につながれ、日除け網またはプラスチック膜を該モジュール１１上に敷いて温室の天井１２を形成することができる。池の水位２は調節可能である。培養密度は、培養池における水６の全重量に基づいて計算される。成魚の漁獲量は、培養池の水の約１％〜４０％である。図４の水産養殖場は複数の培養池を備え、池１の水４には、組み合わせタイプのポンツーン３を浮遊させ、いくつかの軟質培養池／網籠５が支えられ、残りは図２に示されるのと同様である。 The combined type biofiltration tank module 11 is placed on the bank of the pond as a water purification unit, while it may be used as a greenhouse supplement and fence, and the wire rope is connected to the module 11 and is awned. A net or plastic membrane can be laid over the module 11 to form the ceiling 12 of the greenhouse. The water level 2 of the pond is adjustable. The culture density is calculated based on the total weight of water 6 in the culture pond. The catch of adult fish is about 1% to 40% of the pond water. The aquaculture farm of FIG. 4 has a plurality of culture ponds, and a combination type pontoon 3 is suspended in the water 4 of the pond 1 to support several soft culture ponds / nets 5 and the rest are shown in FIG. Same as shown.
図２または図４に示されるような水産養殖場の建設中、まず、池を清浄し、排水し、空気中で乾燥させ、約３ｍの深さになるまで掘削し、池の基礎が固められ、浅水が注入され、池底部は、石灰粉またはさらし粉で消毒する。次いで、（繁殖される魚のタイプによって）ろ過済み淡水または塩水が池に注入される。軟質培養池のサイズに基づいてポンツーンが構築される。ポンツーン３は、軟質培養池を支える浮遊式ラックとして使用される。ポンツーンは、（図４に示されるように）複数のモジュールで構成されてよい。好ましい実施形態では、軟質培養池は、一般的に、（図１（ａ）または（ｃ）に示されるように）約６×６ｍの正方形状、または、直径約６ｍの円形状で、深さが約２．８ｍであり、培養池の水は深さが約２．５ｍであり、補助物としてさび止めを施した鋼管は長さが６ｍであり、作業負荷を大幅に低減することができる。いくつかの排出孔１３が、（図４に示されるように）培養池内部の水位を制御するために培養池の縁の上端から約３０ｃｍ下に配設される。大流量水中ポンプ１０は、池の土手上の生物ろ過槽１１内へ、汚水、魚糞、および、飼料残留物を吸引するために、培養池の底部に設置される。図５ａおよび図５ｂに示されるように、ろ過槽モジュールは逆ろ過を採用し、ろ過槽の下部における槽高さの５分の１のところにある取水口２５および２５ａから水が浸入し、ろ過槽の底部にわたって均一に広がり、次いで、ろ過槽の上部における流出口２６および２６ａから溢れ出る。生物学的綿毛状物２１は、ろ過槽の底部から５分の１の高さに設置される。活性炭２２および／または生物球体２３は、生物学的綿毛状物上に置かれる。調節可能なエアレーション装置は、ろ過槽の水の好気性環境または嫌気性環境を制御するために、ろ過槽の下部に配設される。通常、ろ過槽の最低下部は、沈殿区域であり、その後にろ過材料補助物がある。エアレータ管およびエアレーションストーンは補助物につながれて、ろ過槽のろ過区域における酸素含有量を制御する。生物学的綿毛状物２１はろ過材料補助物上に置かれる。ろ過材料補助物および生物学的綿毛状物２１は、取水口から約５〜１０ｃｍ上に配設される。活性炭２２はろ過綿毛状物２１上に置かれる。生物球体２３は活性炭上に置かれる。排水口２７およびボール弁開閉器２８は、ろ過槽の底部に配設されて、槽から沈殿物を放出する。生物学的綿毛状物、活性炭および生物球体、さらには薬石、ゼオライト、サンゴ石を含むさまざまな種類のろ過材料は、ろ過槽に置かれてよい。ろ過槽モジュールを直列にまたは並列に接続して、生物学的ろ過システムを形成することができる。生物ろ過槽モジュールを、（図２、図３および図４に示されるように）池の柵、および温室の補助物として重ね合わせることができる。また、ワイヤーロープをろ過槽につなげることができ、日除け網またはプラスチック膜１２を敷いて、温室を形成することができる。温室は、給水塔によって冷却され、ガス化装置によって加熱される。冷却を必要とする時、給水塔から水が噴霧され、加熱を必要とする時、ガス化装置が点火され、生成された熱は、熱交換器を通して空気または水を加熱することになる。送風機によってろ過槽で構成されている温室に温風を送って、温室内の温度を維持する。自動温度制御システムによって、送風機の制御を通して、気温の制御が実現されるか、加熱された水がろ過槽システムに入ってきて、熱を供給する（水による加熱は極端に寒い気候においてのみ採用される）。図３は、くぼみタイプの水産養殖場を示す。この水産養殖場は、既存のもしくは掘削されるくぼみ、または、土壌穴９を使用し、水圧を支える材料として砕石砂利８または土壌を採用することによって、くぼみまたは土壌穴全体が培養池５を形成する。建設中、まず、くぼみまたは土壌穴９は清掃され、スリット８を該穴に設ける。次いで、プラスチック膜が敷かれ、水が注入される、または、砂利が該穴に入れられかつぎっしり詰められる。その後、（繁殖される魚のタイプによって）淡水または塩水が培養池に注入されて、培養地の圧力および培養池の形状を維持する。水流ポンプ１４または水交換ポンプなどの水流機器は、水流または水の交換をもたらすために、培養池に配設される。水流は右回りまたは左回りであってよい。かかる水産養殖場のろ過槽モジュールの周囲環境は、図２または図４に示される浮遊タイプの水産養殖場に全面的に合わせられる。 During construction of the aquaculture farm as shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 4, the pond is first cleaned, drained, dried in the air, drilled to a depth of about 3m, and the foundation of the pond is solidified Shallow water is injected and the pond bottom is disinfected with lime powder or bleaching powder. Filtered fresh water or salt water is then injected into the pond (depending on the type of fish being bred). A pontoon is constructed based on the size of the soft pond. The pontoon 3 is used as a floating rack that supports a soft culture pond. The pontoon may be composed of multiple modules (as shown in FIG. 4). In a preferred embodiment, the soft culture pond is generally approximately 6 × 6 m square (as shown in FIG. 1 (a) or (c)) or circular with a diameter of approximately 6 m and has a depth. Is about 2.8m, the depth of the water in the culture pond is about 2.5m, and the steel pipe with rust prevention as an auxiliary is 6m in length, which can greatly reduce the work load. . A number of drain holes 13 are arranged about 30 cm below the top edge of the pond edge (as shown in FIG. 4) to control the water level inside the pond. A large flow submersible pump 10 is installed at the bottom of the culture pond to draw sewage, fish excrement and feed residue into the biological filtration tank 11 on the bank of the pond. As shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, the filtration tank module employs reverse filtration and water enters through the intakes 25 and 25a at one-fifth of the tank height in the lower part of the filtration tank and is filtered. Spread evenly across the bottom of the tank and then overflow from the outlets 26 and 26a at the top of the filtration tank. The biological fluff 21 is installed at a height of 1/5 from the bottom of the filtration tank. Activated carbon 22 and / or biosphere 23 are placed on biological fluff. An adjustable aeration device is disposed at the bottom of the filtration tank to control the aerobic or anaerobic environment of the water in the filtration tank. Usually, the lowest part of the filter tank is the precipitation area, followed by the filter material supplement. The aerator tube and aeration stone are connected to the supplement to control the oxygen content in the filtration zone of the filter tank. Biological fluff 21 is placed on the filter material aid. Filter material aids and biological fluff 21 are disposed about 5-10 cm above the water intake. Activated carbon 22 is placed on filtered fluff 21. The biosphere 23 is placed on activated carbon. The drain port 27 and the ball valve switch 28 are disposed at the bottom of the filtration tank, and discharge sediment from the tank. Various types of filtration materials, including biological fluff, activated carbon and biospheres, as well as medicinal stones, zeolites, coral stones, may be placed in the filtration tank. Filtration tank modules can be connected in series or in parallel to form a biological filtration system. Biofilter modules can be stacked as pond fences and greenhouse supplements (as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4). Moreover, a wire rope can be connected to a filtration tank, and a greenhouse can be formed by laying a shade net or a plastic film 12. The greenhouse is cooled by a water tower and heated by a gasifier. When cooling is required, water is sprayed from the water tower, when heating is required, the gasifier is ignited and the generated heat will heat the air or water through the heat exchanger. Warm air is sent to a greenhouse composed of filtration tanks by a blower to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse. Automatic temperature control system allows air temperature control through blower control or heated water enters the filtration tank system and supplies heat (water heating is only used in extremely cold climates ) FIG. 3 shows a hollow type aquaculture farm. This aquaculture farm uses existing or excavated depressions or soil holes 9 and adopts crushed gravel 8 or soil as a material to support water pressure, so that the entire depression or soil hole forms a culture pond 5. To do. During construction, first the recess or soil hole 9 is cleaned and a slit 8 is provided in the hole. A plastic membrane is then laid and water is poured or gravel is placed in or stuffed into the holes. Thereafter, fresh water or salt water is injected into the culture pond (depending on the type of fish being bred) to maintain the pressure of the culture and the shape of the culture pond. A water flow device, such as a water flow pump 14 or a water exchange pump, is disposed in the culture pond to effect water flow or water exchange. The water stream may be clockwise or counterclockwise. The surrounding environment of the filtration tank module of the aquaculture farm is entirely matched with the floating type aquaculture farm shown in FIG.
いくつかの実施形態では、くぼみタイプまたはポンツーンタイプの水産養殖場の培養池のそれぞれは、並列に接続される２つ以上の生物ろ過槽を備えることができる。生物ろ過槽それぞれの流出口２６の水噴霧方向は、培養池の水流方向と一致させるものとする。（図６に示されるように）培養池それぞれの角度は円弧２９を成すものである。 In some embodiments, each of the culture ponds of a well-type or pontoon-type aquaculture farm can comprise two or more biofilters connected in parallel. The water spray direction of the outlet 26 of each biological filtration tank is made to coincide with the water flow direction of the culture pond. Each angle of the culture pond forms an arc 29 (as shown in FIG. 6).
いくつかの他の実施形態では、水中ポンプ１０などの汚水吸引装置、および、水流ポンプ１４などの水流装置は、（図６に示されるように）培養池それぞれの底部の中央位置近くに配設される。 In some other embodiments, a sewage suction device, such as the submersible pump 10, and a water flow device, such as the water pump 14, are disposed near the center of the bottom of each culture pond (as shown in FIG. 6). Is done.
図７は、稚魚貯蔵区域を有する水産養殖場の配置図である。この水産養殖場は水産養殖区域および稚魚貯蔵区域を有する。稚魚貯蔵区域は複数の稚魚貯蔵池１６を有し、これら稚魚貯蔵池１６は、稚魚コンベヤトラフ１７によって、水産養殖区域の培養池１５に接続される。 FIG. 7 is a layout diagram of an aquaculture farm having a fry storage area. This aquaculture farm has an aquaculture area and a fry storage area. The fry storage area has a plurality of fry storage ponds 16, which are connected to the culture pond 15 of the aquaculture area by fry conveyor troughs 17.
好ましい方式として、（図８に示されるように）種々の間隔のグリルまたはフラッシュボード３３が、稚魚コンベヤトラフ１７においてかつ沿って配設される。このように、稚魚コンベヤトラフ１７は、同時に、稚魚ふるい分けコンベヤトラフになり、グリルまたはフラッシュボードの開口角度を調整することによって、特定のサイズの稚魚が通過できるようにし、それによって、サイズによって稚魚を分類することができる。さらに、収穫中、魚群をコンベヤトラフにもたらすことができる。コンベヤトラフが分解された後、全体を積載地点まで搬送して、捕獲した鮮魚の損傷を軽減するように積み替えられる。 As a preferred scheme, variously spaced grilles or flashboards 33 (as shown in FIG. 8) are disposed in and along the fry conveyor trough 17. In this way, the fry conveyor trough 17 simultaneously becomes a fry sieving conveyor trough, allowing a specific size of fry to pass by adjusting the opening angle of the grill or flash board, thereby allowing the fry to pass by size. Can be classified. In addition, the school of fish can be brought to the conveyor trough during harvesting. After the conveyor trough is disassembled, it is transported entirely to the loading point and transshipped to reduce damage to the captured fresh fish.
Ａｕｓｔｒａｌｉａｎ Ｓｃｏｒｔｕｍ ｂａｃｏｏは、本考案によって提供される水産養殖システムにおいて繁殖された。稚魚放流、培養密度、および、年間漁獲量のデータが、以下の表１に示される。 Australian Scortum bacoo was bred in the aquaculture system provided by the present invention. The fry release, culture density, and annual catch data are shown in Table 1 below.
好ましい実施形態では、ポンツーンタイプの水産養殖場およびくぼみタイプの水産養殖場は両方とも、池またはくぼみにおいて水生植物を成長させて、魚の成長にとってより良い環境をもたらすことができる。その植物種は、魚のタイプに基づいて判断されてよい。他の好ましい実施形態では、図９に示されるように、紫外線殺菌器３０およびオンライン磁化器３１（例えば、水管外部に磁石が設置される）は、培養池の取水口に配設される（すなわち、この図における生物ろ過槽の流出口であるが、培養池の外部水供給の取水口であってもよい）。水は、水管を流れる時、磁力線を切って磁化の効果を達成し、代替的には、水磁化器は、培養池に進入する水を消毒しかつ磁化するために、水管に接続されてよい。紫外線殺菌器３０はモジュラー設計を採用し、直列にまたは並列に接続されてよい。紫外線チューブが水管の中央に配設されて、水を消毒し、魚を健康に成長させるための水環境をもたらす。 In a preferred embodiment, both pontoon-type aquaculture farms and well-type aquaculture farms can grow aquatic plants in a pond or well to provide a better environment for fish growth. The plant species may be determined based on the type of fish. In another preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, an ultraviolet sterilizer 30 and an on-line magnetizer 31 (eg, a magnet is installed outside the water tube) are disposed at the intake of the culture pond (ie, This is the outlet of the biological filtration tank in this figure, but it may also be a water intake for the external water supply of the culture pond). As water flows through the water tube, it cuts the magnetic field lines to achieve the effect of magnetization, and alternatively, the water magnetizer may be connected to the water tube to disinfect and magnetize the water entering the culture pond. . The UV sterilizer 30 employs a modular design and may be connected in series or in parallel. A UV tube is placed in the center of the water tube to disinfect the water and provide a water environment for healthy growth of fish.
他の好ましい実施形態では、図１０および図１１に示されるように、それぞれの培養池群は、２つ以上の培養池３５、３６、３７、３８から成る。培養地は、小規模から大規模へ、浅部から深部へ接続され、水門３９によって分離されるが、互いに連通することができる。培養池の土手は、セメントまたはレンガ壁によって取り囲まれかつ固められてよい。次に大きい培養池の深くなった部分の容積は、それより小さい培養池の全容積に等しいかそれより大きいものとしなければならない。２つの隣接する培養池を接続する水門が開放される時、より小さい培養池における水および水産物を、次に大きい培養池へ円滑に排出することができる。 In another preferred embodiment, each culture pond group consists of two or more culture ponds 35, 36, 37, 38, as shown in FIGS. The culture sites are connected from small to large, from shallow to deep, and separated by a sluice 39, but can communicate with each other. The bank of the culture pond may be surrounded and solidified by cement or brick walls. The volume of the deepened portion of the next larger culture pond must be equal to or greater than the total volume of the smaller culture pond. When the sluice connecting two adjacent culture ponds is opened, water and seafood in the smaller culture pond can be drained smoothly to the next larger culture pond.
前述の内容は、好ましい実施形態に言及することによって、本考案をさらに詳細に説明するものであり、本考案の実施形態がこの説明に限定されると見なすべきではない。当業者は、本考案の趣旨から逸脱することなく、さまざまな簡易な演繹または置き換えを行うことができる。これら全ては、本考案の保護範囲内にあるものとする。 The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention by reference to preferred embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to this description. Those skilled in the art can make various simple deductions or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All of these are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
前記培養池は、防水段を敷いた、池、または、掘削されたくぼみに置かれた容器であり、前記生物ろ過槽のそれぞれは、前記池または前記くぼみの土手上に置かれ、前記培養池からの水は、前記生物ろ過槽の底部の取水口を介して前記槽本体へ入れられ、処理後、上部の流出口を介して前記培養池へ戻るように流れる、統合水産養殖システム。 An integrated aquaculture system comprising at least a culture pond, a culture pond supplement, and at least a group of biological filtration tanks,
The culture pond is a container placed in a pond or an excavated depression with a waterproof step, and each of the biological filtration tanks is placed on the pond or the bank of the depression, and the culture pond The integrated aquaculture system in which water from the water is introduced into the tank body through the water intake at the bottom of the biological filtration tank and flows back to the culture pond through the upper outlet after the treatment.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410275580.5A CN104585112A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Integrated aquaculture system |
| CN201410275580.5 | 2014-06-19 | ||
| PCT/CN2014/095943 WO2015192640A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-12-31 | Integrated aquaculture system |
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| JP3207213U true JP3207213U (en) | 2016-11-04 |
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| JP (1) | JP3207213U (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20160002227U (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104585112A (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1206197A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015192640A1 (en) |
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| CN107667960A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-09 | 四川通服智能科技有限公司 | A kind of high-density ecological intelligence fish pond system |
| CN113080126A (en) * | 2021-04-03 | 2021-07-09 | 王玮 | A catch device for breed |
| CN114342864A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽麒麟正大饲料有限公司 | Isolation device for culture pond |
| CN115486393A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Engineering circulating water system structure and method for culturing crab seedling live baits |
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- 2014-12-31 JP JP2016600108U patent/JP3207213U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-12-31 WO PCT/CN2014/095943 patent/WO2015192640A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-12-31 KR KR2020167000027U patent/KR20160002227U/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107667960A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-09 | 四川通服智能科技有限公司 | A kind of high-density ecological intelligence fish pond system |
| CN113080126A (en) * | 2021-04-03 | 2021-07-09 | 王玮 | A catch device for breed |
| CN114342864A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽麒麟正大饲料有限公司 | Isolation device for culture pond |
| CN115486393A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Engineering circulating water system structure and method for culturing crab seedling live baits |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1206197A1 (en) | 2016-01-08 |
| WO2015192640A1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN104585112A (en) | 2015-05-06 |
| KR20160002227U (en) | 2016-06-28 |
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