JP3095862B2 - Manufacturing method of materials for water environment improvement and materials for water environment improvement - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of materials for water environment improvement and materials for water environment improvement

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Publication number
JP3095862B2
JP3095862B2 JP04051887A JP5188792A JP3095862B2 JP 3095862 B2 JP3095862 B2 JP 3095862B2 JP 04051887 A JP04051887 A JP 04051887A JP 5188792 A JP5188792 A JP 5188792A JP 3095862 B2 JP3095862 B2 JP 3095862B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
paint
improving
phototrophic
water
water environment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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JP04051887A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH05252845A (en
Inventor
達治 小林
Original Assignee
岡部株式会社
達治 小林
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Application filed by 岡部株式会社, 達治 小林 filed Critical 岡部株式会社
Priority to JP04051887A priority Critical patent/JP3095862B2/en
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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、護岸用コンクリートブ
ロック等の資材に塗布することによって水質を改善する
ことを目的とする水域環境改善用塗料を用いた水域環境
改善用資材の製造方法、及び当該資材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a material for improving water environment using a paint for improving water environment, which is intended to improve water quality by applying the material to a material such as a concrete block for revetment. Regarding the material.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】現在、地球規模で種々の原因により環境
破壊が進行し、水系においてもこの例外ではない。例え
ば海域においては沿岸部、特に港湾部の汚濁により魚貝
類が激減し、河川や湖沼においても富栄養化が進行して
いる。かかる問題を解決するため、海域においては人工
魚礁の投入が現在行なわれているが、当該人工魚礁は概
ねコンクリート製であるため、これを海水中に放置して
おくと、表層に水酸化カルシウム (Ca(OH)2 ) 等のコン
クリート中のアルカリ成分が溶出して付近のpHが上昇
し、藻類が当該人工魚礁に付着し難くなり、藻類を食料
とする魚貝類の繁殖も困難となり、かえって当該人工魚
礁周辺が死の海と化する危険性をもはらんでいる。2. Description of the Related Art At present, environmental destruction is progressing due to various causes on a global scale, and this is no exception in water systems. For example, in sea areas, fish and shellfish are drastically reduced due to pollution in coastal areas, particularly in harbor areas, and eutrophication is progressing in rivers and lakes. In order to solve this problem, artificial reefs are currently being introduced in the sea area, but since these artificial reefs are generally made of concrete, if they are left in seawater, calcium hydroxide ( Alkaline components in concrete such as Ca (OH) 2 ) elute and the nearby pH rises, making it difficult for algae to adhere to the artificial reef, making it difficult for fish and shellfish that feed on algae to breed. There is a danger that the area around the artificial reef will turn into a sea of death.

【０００３】また、河川や湖沼において、コンクリート
製の護岸や河床が設けられている場所では、上記海域の
場合と同様コンクリート中のアルカリ成分が水中に溶出
して、藻類その他の水生植物が、当該護岸や河床に付着
し難く、かかる藻類による重金属の吸収等の浄化作用が
妨げられ、その結果として河川、湖床等の水質の汚濁が
進行する大きな要因となっている。[0003] Further, in a place where a concrete revetment or a riverbed is provided in a river or a lake, as in the case of the above sea area, alkaline components in the concrete are eluted into water, and algae and other aquatic plants are produced. It is difficult to adhere to the revetment and riverbed, and the purification action of such algae, such as absorption of heavy metals, is hindered. As a result, the pollution of rivers, lakebeds, and other water quality is a major factor.

【０００４】上記の人工魚礁や護岸等のコンクリート中
のアルカリ成分の溶出による環境破壊を防ぐ目的で、コ
ンクリート表面をエポキシ樹脂でコーティングする方法
や水酸化第一鉄をさらに含めてコーティングする方法が
採用されている。しかし、当該方法においては、コンク
リートの表面が生物学的に活性化されているわけではな
いので、藻類の繁殖が遅いという欠点がある。また、生
物学的活性化を図るため、天然物である貝殻粉、カキ殻
粉等を樹脂等に混入してコーティングする方法も試みら
れているが、十分な成果をあげるには至っていない。[0004] In order to prevent environmental destruction due to elution of alkali components in concrete such as artificial reefs and seawalls, a method of coating the concrete surface with an epoxy resin or a method further including ferrous hydroxide is adopted. Have been. However, this method has the disadvantage that the growth of algae is slow because the concrete surface is not biologically activated. In addition, a method of coating natural resin such as shell powder and oyster powder in a resin or the like for the purpose of biological activation has been attempted, but no satisfactory results have been obtained.

【０００５】さらに、間伐材や、シイタケ等の担子菌類
の栽培に原木として用いられた木材等は放置されがちで
あるが、かかる間伐材等の積極的利用方法も検討される
べきである。Further, thinned wood and wood used as a raw wood for cultivation of basidiomycetes such as shiitake mushrooms tend to be left as they are. However, a method of actively using such thinned wood should be considered.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の課題は、水域
におけるコンクリート及びその他の資材によりなる人工
構築物の表面を改質して、藻類又は水生植物を短期間に
人工構築物に付着させ、かかる藻類等の働きにより魚貝
類の繁殖及び水質の浄化を可能にする塗料を用いた水域
環境改善用資材の製造方法、及び当該資材に関する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to modify the surface of an artificial structure made of concrete and other materials in a water area so that algae or aquatic plants adhere to the artificial structure in a short period of time. The present invention relates to a method for producing a material for improving water environment using a paint capable of breeding fish and shellfish and purifying water quality by the action of the above, and the material.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記課題に
ついて鋭意検討した結果、光栄養細菌を水質浄化成分と
して含む水域環境改善用塗料を水域環境改善用資材の有
効成分として用いることで上記課題を解決し得ることを
見出した。すなわち、本願は以下の (１) 及び(２) に
示される発明を提供するものである。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies on the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that the use of a water environment improving paint containing phototrophic bacteria as a water purification component as an effective ingredient of a water environment improving material is effective. We found that we could solve the problem. That is, the present application provides the inventions described in the following (1) and (2).

【０００８】(１) 光栄養細菌、担体、及び当該光栄養
細菌の栄養成分を含有することを特徴とする水域環境改
善用塗料を水圏と接触する人工構築物の表面に塗布し又
は吹き付けることを特徴とする水域環境改善用資材の製
造方法。 (２) 光栄養細菌、担体、及び当該光栄養細菌の栄養成
分を含有することを特徴とする水域環境改善用塗料で表
面を被覆したことを特徴とする水域環境改善用資材。(1) A method for applying or spraying a phototrophic bacterium, a carrier and a paint for improving the environment of an aquatic environment, which is characterized by containing a nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium, to the surface of an artificial structure that comes into contact with the aquatic sphere. Production method of water environment improvement material. (2) A material for improving an aquatic environment, the surface of which is coated with a paint for improving an aquatic environment characterized by containing a phototrophic bacterium, a carrier, and a nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium.

【０００９】以下、 (１) 及び (２) の発明について詳
細に説明する。先ず本発明において、水質浄化成分とし
て用いられる光栄養細菌とは、一般に光合成細菌 (Phot
osynthetic bacteria)と呼ばれている細菌のことをい
い、本願では「Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bac
teriology 8th edition (1974)」で確立された分類に従
い、光栄養細菌 (Phototrophic bacteria)として開示す
る。Hereinafter, the inventions (1) and (2) will be described in detail. First, in the present invention, a phototrophic bacterium used as a water purification component is generally a photosynthetic bacterium (Phot
osynthetic bacteria), referred to in this application as "Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bac
According to the classification established in "Teriology 8th edition (1974)", it is disclosed as phototrophic bacteria.

【００１０】かかる光栄養細菌の内、本発明において用
いられる種類は、特に限定されない。すなわち、ロドス
ピリラム属、ロドシュードモナス属、及びロドミクロビ
ウム属を含むロドスピリ・ラーシエ科；クロマチウム属
等を含むクロマティ・アーシエ科；クロロビウム属等を
含むクロロビ・アーシエ科のうち、いずれのものを用い
ることができる。また用いる光栄養細菌は、一種を用い
るのみならず、多種類の光栄養細菌の混合物を用いるこ
とができる。[0010] Among such phototrophic bacteria, the type used in the present invention is not particularly limited. That is, any of Rhodospirilliaceae including Rhodospirillum, Rhodopseudomonas, and Rhodomicrobium; Chromatiaceae including chromatium; Chlorobiaceae including Chlorbium can be used. As the phototrophic bacteria used, not only one kind but also a mixture of various kinds of phototrophic bacteria can be used.

【００１１】上記光栄養細菌は、市販品を用いることも
可能であるし、通常公知の方法〔小林達治，土壌微生物
実験法（土壌微生物研究会編）、pp.207〜212(1977),
M.kobayashi and S.kurata, Process Biochemistry, vo
l.13, pp27-30(1978)、Carr,N.G., Methods in microbi
ology, vol.3B, pp.53(1969)、Pfennig, N.Annu.Rev.Mi
crobiol, vol.21, pp.285(1967) 、Van Niel, C.B., Me
thods in Enyymology,vol.23, pp.3(1971)、Whittenbur
y, R., Isolation of Anaerobes, No.5, 241(1971) 〕
により自然界から分離したものを用いることも可能であ
る。特に光栄養細菌は、糞尿の処理廃水等の廃液中に豊
富に存在するため、かかる廃液から分離するのが、経済
面からも、環境保全の観点からも好ましい。As the above-mentioned phototrophic bacterium, a commercially available product may be used, or a generally known method [Tatsuharu Kobayashi, Experimental Method for Soil Microorganisms (Soil Microorganisms Research Society), pp. 207-212 (1977),
M.kobayashi and S.kurata, Process Biochemistry, vo
l.13, pp27-30 (1978), Carr, NG, Methods in microbi
ology, vol.3B, pp.53 (1969), Pfennig, N.Annu.Rev.Mi
crobiol, vol.21, pp.285 (1967), Van Niel, CB, Me
thods in Enyymology, vol. 23, pp. 3 (1971), Whittenbur
y, R., Isolation of Anaerobes, No. 5, 241 (1971))
It is also possible to use one separated from the natural world. In particular, since phototrophic bacteria are abundant in wastewater such as wastewater for treating manure, it is preferable to separate from such wastewater from the viewpoint of economy and environmental conservation.

【００１２】なお、種々の寄託機関に寄託された光栄養
細菌を入手可能な限りにおいて用いることもできる。具
体的には、微工研菌寄第878 号（FERM P-878）として工
業技術院微生物工業研究所に寄託されているRhodospirl
lum rubrum、同じくRhodopseudomonas capsulatus (FER
M P-879)、同じくChromatium vinosum (FERM P-890）等
を用いることができる。[0012] Phototrophic bacteria deposited at various depository institutions can be used as long as they are available. Specifically, Rhodospirl deposited at the Institute of Microbial Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology as Microbiological Laboratory No. 878 (FERM P-878)
lum rubrum, also Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus (FER
MP-879), Chromatium vinosum (FERM P-890) and the like can also be used.

【００１３】当該光栄養細菌は、後述の担体に対し、容
量比で100 〜1000に対し１程度の割合で添加するのが好
ましい。担体は、光栄養細菌を固定するために、本発明
水域環境改善用塗料に添加することが必要である。担体
としては、光栄養細菌の固定化率が高いという点より、
多孔質粒子が好ましく、より具体的には、パーライト、
バーミキュライト、珪藻土、活性炭、多孔質セラミック
ス等が好ましく、上記多孔質粒子の他、内部に固定化光
栄養細菌を含む担体を充填したポリビニル製のチューブ
や、アルギン酸ナトリウム及び／又はアルギン酸カルシ
ウム等の含水ゲル状担体をも好ましい担体として用いる
ことができる。The phototrophic bacterium is preferably added to a carrier described later at a ratio of about 1 to 100 to 1000 in volume ratio. In order to fix phototrophic bacteria, a carrier needs to be added to the coating composition of the present invention for improving aquatic environment. As a carrier, the immobilization rate of phototrophic bacteria is high,
Porous particles are preferred, more specifically perlite,
Vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, porous ceramics and the like are preferable. In addition to the above porous particles, a polyvinyl tube filled with a carrier containing immobilized phototrophic bacteria, or a hydrogel such as sodium alginate and / or calcium alginate Carriers can also be used as preferred carriers.

【００１４】かかる担体は、後述するバインダー１00重
量部に対して１〜1000重量部、好ましくは10〜300重量
部程度添加するのが好ましい。担体の添加量がこれより
も少ない場合は光栄養細菌の生育密度が低く、逆に多す
ぎる場合は、本発明塗料による塗膜の強度が低下する。
なお、上記担体と光栄養細菌を塗料に含ませるのみで
は、光栄養細菌の活動自体がほとんど見られず、光栄養
細菌を水質浄化成分として添加することによる所期の効
果が現われ難い。よって、本発明水域環境改善用塗料中
に当該光栄養細菌の栄養成分を包含させる必要がある。
かかる栄養成分としては、光栄養細菌を培養する際に通
常培養培地に添加する公知の成分、例えば、低級脂肪酸
等を挙げることができるが、火山灰性土壌地帯に豊富に
存在するくろぼくを当該栄養成分ならびに光栄養細菌の
増殖環境域として用いることが可能であり、かつ好まし
い。栄養成分の本発明水域環境改善用塗料中への添加量
は、用いる栄養成分の種類に応じて適宜決定される。例
えば、くろぼくを用いる場合は、後述のバインダー100
重量部に対して１〜1000重量部である。Such a carrier is preferably added in an amount of 1 to 1000 parts by weight, preferably about 10 to 300 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a binder described later. If the amount of the carrier is smaller than this, the growth density of the phototrophic bacteria is low, and if it is too large, the strength of the coating film of the present invention decreases.
It should be noted that the activity of the phototrophic bacterium itself is scarcely observed only by including the carrier and the phototrophic bacterium in the paint, and the desired effect by adding the phototrophic bacterium as a water purification component is unlikely to appear. Therefore, it is necessary to include the nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium in the paint for improving aquatic environment.
Examples of such nutrients include known components that are usually added to the culture medium when culturing phototrophic bacteria, such as lower fatty acids. It is possible and preferred to use it as a growth environment for components and phototrophic bacteria. The amount of the nutrient added to the paint for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention is appropriately determined according to the type of the nutrient used. For example, when using Kuroboku, the binder 100 described later
It is 1 to 1000 parts by weight based on parts by weight.

【００１５】上記の光栄養細菌、担体、及び当該光栄養
細菌の栄養成分を塗料化するためのバインダーを本発明
水域環境改善用塗料に含有させる必要がある。かかるバ
インダーとしては、例えばアクリルエマルジョン、ウレ
タンエマルジョン、又は通常バインダーとして用いられ
るエポキシ樹脂のように乾燥若しくは化合的架橋硬化に
よって耐水性の塗膜を形成可能なものであれば特に限定
されずに用いることができる。ただし、作業性、性能、
及び価格等を鑑みればアクリルエマルジョンを好ましい
ものとして採用することができる。It is necessary that the phototrophic bacterium, the carrier, and the binder for converting the nutritional components of the phototrophic bacterium into a paint are contained in the paint for improving the environment of the water area of the present invention. Such a binder is not particularly limited as long as it can form a water-resistant coating film by drying or chemical crosslinking and curing, such as an acrylic emulsion, a urethane emulsion, or an epoxy resin usually used as a binder. Can be. However, workability, performance,
In view of the cost and the cost, an acrylic emulsion can be preferably used.

【００１６】さらに、バインダー中に光合成細菌、担
体、及び当該光合成細菌の栄養成分に加えて、本発明塗
料を塗布した人工構築物への藻類又は水生植物の自然着
生を待たずに、当該人工構築物に早期に着生させるため
に、予め、藻類又は水生植物の胞子及び／又は静止細胞
体を添加することができる。ここで用いられる藻類又は
水生植物の種類は、人工構築物を用いる環境、例えば海
水であるか淡水であるか等に応じて選択され、その限り
において特に限定されるものではない。より具体的に
は、アオノリ属に代表されるアオサ科、クロレラ属に代
表されるオオキスチス科等を含む緑藻類；マツモに代表
されるナガマツモ科モヅクに代表されるモヅク科、ハバ
ノリに代表されるカヤモノリ科、マコンブ、トロロコン
ブ、アラメ、カジメ等に代表されるコンブ科、ワカメ属
と代表されるアイスワカメ科、ヒジキ、アカモク等に代
表されるホングワラ科等を含む褐藻類；アサクサノリ、
スサビノリ等に代表されるフシケノリ科、マフノリ等に
代表されるフノリ科、トサカノリ等に代表されるミリン
科、マクリ等に代表されるフジマツモ科、オゴノリ等に
代表されるオゴノリ科等を含む紅藻類等広く用いること
ができる。さらに、これらの胞子又は遊走子の添加量
は、当該胞子等の種類や企図する生育量に応じて、それ
らの性質上可能な限りにおいて自由に選択可能である。Further, in addition to the photosynthetic bacterium, the carrier, and the nutrients of the photosynthetic bacterium in the binder, the artificial construct without the algae or aquatic plant on the artificial construct coated with the paint of the present invention can be used. Spores and / or quiescent cell bodies of algae or aquatic plants can be added in advance in order to make the seeds grow earlier. The type of algae or aquatic plants used here is selected according to the environment in which the artificial construct is used, for example, whether it is seawater or freshwater, and is not particularly limited as long as it is used. More specifically, a green algae including a family Mothaceae represented by the genus Aonori and a family Ochcystaceae represented by the genus Chlorella; a moth family represented by a moth family, a moth family represented by a moth; Brown algae, such as kelp, kelp, alame, swordfish, etc .;
Red algae such as sarcophaga family represented by Susabinori etc., fungi family represented by mafnori etc., myrin family represented by Tosakanori etc., Fujimatsumo family represented by macris etc., and Ogonori family represented by ogonori etc. Can be widely used. Furthermore, the amount of these spores or zoospores to be added can be freely selected as far as possible in view of their properties, depending on the type of the spores and the like and the intended growth amount.

【００１７】本発明水域環境改善用塗料への適用にあた
っては、上記藻類又は水生植物の胞子及び／又は静止細
胞体をバインダー中に含ませ拡散させることが必要であ
る。かかる胞子及び／又は静止細胞体は、自然界のもの
を採取して用いることもできるし市販品を用いることも
できる。本発明水域環境改善用塗料は、上記の光栄養細
菌、担体、及び栄養成分、そして必要に応じて胞子等を
バインダーに配合することで調製することができる。In applying the present invention to the paint for improving the environment of aquatic environment, it is necessary that the spores and / or quiescent cell bodies of the algae or aquatic plants are contained in a binder and diffused. Such spores and / or quiescent cell bodies may be collected and used in the natural world, or commercially available products. The paint for improving the water environment of the present invention can be prepared by blending the phototrophic bacteria, carriers, nutrients, and, if necessary, spores and the like into a binder.

【００１８】調製後、直ちに本発明塗料を使用する場合
には、上記成分を混合して、これを塗装に適する粘度の
液として用いることができる。例えば、光栄養細菌を含
む水と担体、胞子等、及び栄養成分を含む水溶液若しく
は粉体を混合した後、液体アクリルエマルジョンを少量
ずつ攪拌下に加え均一化したものを本発明塗料としてそ
のまま用いることができる。なお、かかる場合、具体的
塗装の方法に応じて増粘が必要な場合には、通常公知の
増粘剤、例えばポリビニルアルコールやカルボキシメチ
ルセルロース等を添加することもできる。When the paint of the present invention is used immediately after preparation, the above components can be mixed and used as a liquid having a viscosity suitable for coating. For example, after mixing water containing a phototrophic bacterium with a carrier, spores, etc., and an aqueous solution or powder containing a nutrient component, a liquid acrylic emulsion is added little by little while stirring, and the mixture is used as it is as the paint of the present invention. Can be. In this case, if thickening is required depending on the specific coating method, a generally known thickening agent such as polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose can also be added.

【００１９】一方、調製後相当期間貯蔵する必要のある
場合には、光栄養細菌とその栄養成分を水の存在下に共
存させると、当該栄養成分が光栄養細菌によって消費さ
れてしまう故、光栄養細菌と、他の成分とは、予め分離
しておく必要があり、塗装の際に両者を混合するのが好
ましい。また、胞子等もその生存に適した状態で保存す
る必要があるので、たとえばアクリルエマルジョン中に
24時間以上共存させることは、好ましくなく、上記光栄
養細菌と同様に塗装の際に混合するのが好ましい。On the other hand, when it is necessary to store the phototrophic bacterium and its nutrient components in the presence of water for a considerable period of time after the preparation, the nutrient components are consumed by the phototrophic bacteria. It is necessary to separate the vegetative bacteria and other components in advance, and it is preferable to mix them at the time of painting. Also, spores must be stored in a state suitable for their survival.
It is not preferable to coexist for 24 hours or more, and it is preferable to mix them at the time of coating similarly to the phototrophic bacteria.

【００２０】なお、担体及び栄養成分は、例えばアクリ
ルエマルジョン中に予め配合しても長期間保存すること
が可能である。さらに、本発明水域環境改善用塗料に
は、上記成分の他に、例えばのこぎり屑、パーク屑等の
多孔質有機物や分散剤を添加することもできる。叙上の
ごとくして得た本発明水域環境改善用塗料を水圈に接触
する対象物の表面に塗布し又は吹き付けることによって
水域環境改善用資材を製造することが可能である。The carrier and the nutritional component can be stored for a long period of time even if they are previously blended in, for example, an acrylic emulsion. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned components, a porous organic substance such as sawdust, park waste and the like, and a dispersant can be added to the paint for improving an environment of aquatic environment according to the present invention. It is possible to produce a material for improving the water environment by applying or spraying the water environment improving paint of the present invention obtained as described above to the surface of the object in contact with the water circle.

【００２１】ここで、水圈とは、地球の表面上、水でお
おわれている部分をいい、海、河川、湖沼等を含むもの
とする。水圏に接触する対象物とは、例えば護岸用や消
波用として用いられるテトラポット等の資材や人工魚礁
に用いられる資材等の人工構築物、並びに自然界に存在
する岩石、砂礫や、シイタケ等の担子菌類の栽培に原木
として用いられたクヌギ、コナラ、ブナ等の木材若しく
は間伐材等に広く用いることができる。Here, the hydrosphere means a portion covered with water on the surface of the earth, and includes the sea, rivers, lakes and marshes. Objects that come into contact with the hydrosphere include, for example, materials such as tetrapods used for seawalls and wave breaking, artificial structures such as materials used for artificial fish reefs, and rocks, gravel, and shiitake mushrooms that exist in nature. It can be widely used for wood such as oak, oak and beech used as raw wood for cultivation of fungi or thinned wood.

【００２２】本発明水域環境改善用塗料の上記の資材上
に塗布又は吹き付けの方法としては、対象となる資材の
種類、形状、数量によってはけ塗り法、ローラー法、ス
プレー法等を用いることができる。なお、資材への塗布
回数は、１回でも可能であるが、２ないし３回行うの
が、乾燥時間を早め、かつ塗膜強度を上げ得るという点
で好ましい。すなわち、一度に厚塗りをすると乾燥し難
く、かつ生成膜も脆くなる傾向にある。逆に薄すぎると
うコンクリートのアルカリ浸出防止効果や表面の生物学
的活性化が劣る傾向にある。後の塗膜の厚みとしては30
〜500 μm 程度、好ましくは、50〜150 μm 程度が好ま
しい。また、塗装前に資材の表面を洗浄・乾燥するの
が、剥離等塗装不良を防ぐという意味で好ましい。な
お、かかる洗浄・乾燥は通常公知の方法で行なうことが
できる。As a method of applying or spraying the coating material for improving the water environment of the present invention onto the above-mentioned materials, a brushing method, a roller method, a spraying method or the like may be used depending on the kind, shape and quantity of the target material. it can. The number of times of application to the material can be one, but it is preferable to perform the application two or three times in terms of shortening the drying time and increasing the strength of the coating film. In other words, if a thick coating is applied at one time, it tends to be difficult to dry and the resulting film tends to be brittle. Conversely, if the thickness is too thin, the effect of preventing alkali leaching of concrete and the biological activation of the surface tend to be poor. The thickness of the later coating is 30
About 500 μm, preferably about 50-150 μm. Further, it is preferable to wash and dry the surface of the material before coating in order to prevent coating defects such as peeling. Incidentally, such washing and drying can be performed by a generally known method.

【００２３】このようにして製造された水域環境改善用
資材を、水域の環境の改善を企図する水域において所望
の形態に構築する。なお、水中での構築作業実施時期
は、本発明水域環境改善用資材上での生育を企図する藻
類又は水生植物の種類によって異なる。例えば、特定の
海藻の生育を企図して本発明水域環境改善用資材を海中
に施工・設置する場合には、当該海藻の遊走子の放出時
期を考慮して冬季に施工・設置するのが好ましい。The water environment improving material thus produced is constructed in a desired form in a water area intended to improve the environment of the water area. Note that the timing of underwater construction work differs depending on the type of algae or aquatic plant that is intended to grow on the material for improving aquatic environment of the present invention. For example, when constructing and installing the material for improving the water environment of the present invention in the sea in an attempt to grow a specific seaweed, it is preferable to construct and install in winter in consideration of the release time of the zoospores of the seaweed. .

【００２４】ところで、光栄養細菌を水質浄化成分とし
て含ませることで、藻類又は水生植物の資材上での生育
が促進されるのは、光栄養細菌自身が分泌するビタミン
Ｂ12、アミノ酸、核酸類等がかかる藻類等の生長に極め
て好影響を与えるためであると考えられる。さらに、一
般に光栄養細菌の有するpH低下作用により、コンクリー
ト資材より浸出するアルカリ成分を中和する作用を有す
るためとも考えられる。By including phototrophic bacteria as a water purification component, the growth of algae or aquatic plants on materials is promoted by the fact that the phototrophic bacteria themselves secrete vitamin B 12 , amino acids and nucleic acids. This is considered to be due to such a fact that the growth of such algae and the like is extremely positively affected. In addition, it is also considered that the phototrophic bacterium generally has a pH lowering action, thereby neutralizing an alkaline component leached from concrete material.

【００２５】[0025]

【実施例】以下、実施例を挙げ、本発明についてさらに
具体的に説明する。 〔参考例〕 水域環境改善用塗料の調製 （１）内容積１m3の攪拌槽付混合槽に水道水250kg を入
れ、これに分散剤としてポイズ530(花王(株))を３kg加
え、担体として未焼成の珪藻土粉末100kg を少量ずつ加
えて分散させた。次に光栄養細菌 Rhodopseudomonas ca
psulatus（本菌株は、工業技術院微生物工業研究所に微
工研菌寄第879号(FEPM P-879)として寄託されてい
る。）を含む水50l、くろぼく10kgを加え分散させた
後、アクリルエマルジョンXA-3634A( 東亜ペイント(株)
製、固型分50％,pH=5)を少量ずつ、計200kg 加えて均一
化させた。さらにこれに、10％アンモニア水300gと増粘
剤としてカセローズCMC(四国化成工業（株)製)1.5kgを
加え、更に30分間攪拌・混合した。そして、これを80メ
ッシュの金網でろ過し、本発明水域環境改善用塗料610k
gを得た。The present invention will be described more specifically below with reference to examples. [Reference Example] Preparation of paint for improving environment of water area (1) 250 kg of tap water is put into a mixing tank having an internal volume of 1 m 3 with a stirring tank, and 3 kg of Poise 530 (Kao Corporation) as a dispersant is added as a carrier. 100 kg of unfired diatomaceous earth powder was added little by little and dispersed. Next, the phototrophic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas ca
psulatus (this strain has been deposited with the Research Institute of Microorganisms, National Institute of Industrial Science as Microbiological Laboratory No. 879 (FEPM P-879)). Acrylic emulsion XA-3634A (Toa Paint Co., Ltd.)
(Solid content 50%, pH = 5) was added little by little to a total of 200 kg and homogenized. Further, 300 g of 10% ammonia water and 1.5 kg of Kaserose CMC (manufactured by Shikoku Chemicals Co., Ltd.) as a thickener were added thereto, followed by stirring and mixing for further 30 minutes. Then, this was filtered through an 80 mesh wire mesh, and the paint for improving the water environment of the present invention was 610k.
g was obtained.

【００２６】かかる塗料の分析値は、固型分:35％ 粘
度:1050cps(25℃)pH;7.5 であった。 （２）前記参考例（１）において、アクリルエマルジョ
ンXA-3634Aと共に、人工培養により得られた緑藻である
Chlorella vulgarisの胞子を担体に対して0.01重量％加
えて、本発明水域環境改善用塗料を調製した。 （３）前記参考例（１）において、アクリルエマルジョ
ンXA-3634Aと共に人工培養により得られたアサクサノリ
の遊走子を担体に対して0.01重量％加えて、本発明水域
環境改善用塗料を調製した。The analytical value of the paint was as follows: solid content: 35%, viscosity: 1050 cps (25 ° C.), pH: 7.5. (2) The green algae obtained by artificial culture together with the acrylic emulsion XA-3634A in the above reference example (1).
Chlorella vulgaris spores were added to the carrier in an amount of 0.01% by weight to prepare a paint for improving the water environment of the present invention. (3) In Reference Example (1), 0.01% by weight of Asasanori zoospores obtained by artificial cultivation together with the acrylic emulsion XA-3634A were added to the carrier to prepare a paint for improving aquatic environment of the present invention.

【００２７】[0027]

【実施例１】 水域環境改善用資材の構築 （１）参考例（１）で得られた本発明水域環境改善用塗
料を予め希塩酸で洗浄し乾燥したコンクリート製の人工
魚礁にスプレーを用いてその表面に塗布し、この操作を
３回繰返し魚礁の表面積１m2当り300gの塗料を使用した
（厚さ約90μｍ）。そして対照として用いた当該塗料を
塗布しない人工魚礁と、自然界に多種類存在する緑藻類
の付着生長の結果を比較した。Example 1 Construction of a material for improving the water environment (1) The paint for improving the water environment of the present invention obtained in Reference Example (1) was sprayed onto a concrete artificial fish reef which had been washed with dilute hydrochloric acid in advance and dried. It was applied to the surface and this operation was repeated three times to use 300 g of paint per 1 m 2 of surface area of the reef (about 90 μm in thickness). Then, the results of the attachment growth of the green algae, which are used as a control and are not coated with the paint and are not applied with the paint, and those of various types existing in nature were compared.

【００２８】その結果、処理区のものは拡大鏡で観察し
たところ、５週間後には１cm2 当り107 〜108 細胞の緑
藻が認められたが、対照区では未だその付着・増殖は認
められなかった。さらに１ヶ月経過後処理区のものは表
層域が緑藻で覆いつくされたが、対照区の表層には、何
も着生していなかった。 （２）参考例（２）で得られた本発明水域環境改善用塗
料を予め希塩酸で洗浄し、乾燥したコンクリート製の人
工魚礁にスプレーを用いてその表面に塗布し、この操作
を３回繰返し魚礁の表面積1m2 当り300gの塗料を使用し
た（厚さ約90μｍ) 。そして対照として用いた当該塗料
を塗布しない人工魚礁と、藻類の不着生長の結果を比較
した。As a result, the treated group was observed with a magnifying glass, and after 5 weeks, 10 7 to 10 8 cells of green algae were observed per cm 2 , but in the control group, adhesion and growth were still observed. Did not. After one month, the surface area of the treated section was covered with green algae, but nothing had settled on the surface layer of the control section. (2) The paint for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention obtained in Reference Example (2) was previously washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, applied to the surface of a dried concrete artificial fish reef using a spray, and this operation was repeated three times. using paint surface area 1 m 2 per 300g of fish reef (thickness of about 90 [mu] m). Then, the results of non-adherent growth of algae were compared with those of an artificial reef to which the paint was not applied, which was used as a control.

【００２９】その結果、処理区のものは拡大鏡で観察し
たところ、３週間後には、１cm2 当り108 細胞の緑藻が
認められたが、対照区には、未だその付着は認められな
かった。さらに１ヶ月経過後の処理区には、表層域がす
べて緑藻で覆いつくされ、表層が緑藻で盛り上がってい
ることか観察されたものの、対照区の表層には、何も着
生していなかった。なお、着生した緑藻の大部分は、Ch
lorella vulgarisであった。 （３）参考例（３）で得られた本発明水域環境改善用塗
料を予め希塩酸で洗浄し、乾燥したコンクリート製の人
工魚礁にスプレーを用いてその表面に塗布し、この操作
を３回繰返し魚礁の表面積1m2 当り300gの塗料を使用し
た（厚さ約90μｍ) 。そして対照として用いた当該塗料
を塗布しない人工魚礁と、藻類の付着生長の結果を比較
した。[0029] As a result, the treated group was observed with a magnifying glass, and after 3 weeks, 10 8 cells of green algae per cm 2 were observed, but no adhesion was observed in the control group yet. . After one month, the treated area was covered with green algae in the treated area, and it was observed that the surface layer was swelled with green algae. . In addition, most of the green algae that settled were Ch
lorella vulgaris. (3) The paint for improving the water environment of the present invention obtained in Reference Example (3) was previously washed with diluted hydrochloric acid, applied to the surface of a dried concrete artificial fish reef using a spray, and this operation was repeated three times. using paint surface area 1 m 2 per 300g of fish reef (thickness of about 90 [mu] m). Then, the results of the attached growth of algae were compared with those of an artificial reef to which the paint was not applied, which was used as a control.

【００３０】本実施例は遊走子の放出時期である冬期に
開始されたが、対照の無処理区のものはアサクサノリの
増殖が全く認められなかったのに対し、処理区のものは
人工魚礁の表層全体にわたって15cm位まで生長していた
のが認められた。The present example was started in winter, which is the time of release of zoospores. In the control untreated plot, no growth of Asakusanori was observed. It was observed that it had grown to about 15 cm over the entire surface layer.

【００３１】[0031]

【発明の効果】本発明により、水圏に接触する対象物の
表面を改質して、藻類又は水生植物を短期間に当該対象
物に付着させ、かかる藻類等の働きにより魚貝類の繁殖
及び水質の浄化を可能にする水域環境改善用資材及びそ
の製造方法の提供が可能となった。According to the present invention, the surface of an object in contact with the hydrosphere is modified to allow algae or aquatic plants to adhere to the object in a short period of time. It has become possible to provide a material for improving water environment and a method for producing the same, which enable purification of water.

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】 光栄養細菌、担体、及び当該光栄養細菌
の栄養成分を含有することを特徴とする水域環境改善用
塗料を水圏と接触する対象物の表面に塗布し又は吹き付
けることを特徴とする水域環境改善用資材の製造方法。1. A method for applying or spraying a coating composition for improving aquatic environment characterized by containing a phototrophic bacterium, a carrier, and a nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium to the surface of an object that comes into contact with the aquatic sphere. Production method for water environment improvement. 【請求項２】 光栄養細菌、担体、及び当該光栄養細菌
の栄養成分を含有することを特徴とする水域環境改善用
塗料で表面を被覆したことを特徴とする水域環境改善用
資材。2. An aquatic environment improving material, the surface of which is coated with an aquatic environment improving paint containing a phototrophic bacterium, a carrier, and a nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium.
JP04051887A 1992-03-10 1992-03-10 Manufacturing method of materials for water environment improvement and materials for water environment improvement Expired - Lifetime JP3095862B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04051887A JP3095862B2 (en) 1992-03-10 1992-03-10 Manufacturing method of materials for water environment improvement and materials for water environment improvement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04051887A JP3095862B2 (en) 1992-03-10 1992-03-10 Manufacturing method of materials for water environment improvement and materials for water environment improvement

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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05252845A JPH05252845A (en) 1993-10-05
JP3095862B2 true JP3095862B2 (en) 2000-10-10

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2917140B1 (en) * 1998-02-23 1999-07-12 株式会社広瀬 Method for producing floor soil or filter material
KR20010003825A (en) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-15 윤창진 Media coated with microscopic organism and method for coating them
JP4998869B2 (en) * 2005-03-03 2012-08-15 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 Processed water for reducing concentration of nutrients in salt water and method for producing the same
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