JP3090056B2 - Waste dechlorination method - Google Patents
Waste dechlorination methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3090056B2 JP3090056B2 JP08207507A JP20750796A JP3090056B2 JP 3090056 B2 JP3090056 B2 JP 3090056B2 JP 08207507 A JP08207507 A JP 08207507A JP 20750796 A JP20750796 A JP 20750796A JP 3090056 B2 JP3090056 B2 JP 3090056B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- additive
- chlorine component
- dechlorination
- chlorine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1C(C=CS2)=C2CCN1 CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SKZKKFZAGNVIMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Salicilamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O SKZKKFZAGNVIMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- GKQTUHKAQKWLIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);dihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] GKQTUHKAQKWLIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGVMNQYBHPSIJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium;2,2,6,6-tetraoxido-1,3,5,7-tetraoxa-2,4,6-trisilaspiro[3.3]heptane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]21O[Si]([O-])([O-])O2 DGVMNQYBHPSIJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLYFRFHWUBBLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium;sodium;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O VLYFRFHWUBBLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NGHMEZWZOZEZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.O[Si](O)(O)O NGHMEZWZOZEZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は一般家庭あるいはオ
フィスなどから排出される可燃性の廃棄物を加熱する方
法に関し、特に、廃棄物に含有する塩素成分を効果的に
除去する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for heating combustible waste discharged from a general home or office, and more particularly to a method for effectively removing chlorine components contained in waste.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】都市ゴミ等の廃棄物は年々その量が増加
し、その処理が問題となっている。都市ゴミは一般に、
一般家庭とか、オフィス等から廃棄物として排出され、
可燃性のものが主となっている。この可燃性の廃棄物の
中には、近年多種多様な化学物質、例えば塩化ビニル樹
脂を多く含んだプラスチックや、オフィスで使用される
紙の塩素成分系漂白剤のように多量の塩素成分を含んだ
物質が混入している。これらの廃棄物を加熱処理して有
効な利用を図ろうとする技術は各産業分野で進められて
いる。しかし、化学物質を焼却すると塩素成分を含んだ
有害なガスが発生し、環境汚染や塩素成分による焼却施
設の劣化等の問題が発生し、高効率でクリーンなエネル
ギーを得ることは困難であり、これらに対応した技術の
開発が重要な課題となっている。2. Description of the Related Art The amount of waste such as municipal waste is increasing year by year, and its disposal is a problem. Urban garbage is generally
It is discharged as waste from ordinary households and offices,
Mainly flammable. In recent years, this combustible waste contains a wide variety of chemical substances, for example, plastics containing a large amount of vinyl chloride resin, and large amounts of chlorine components such as chlorine-based bleach for paper used in offices. Material. Techniques for effectively treating these wastes by heat treatment are being promoted in various industrial fields. However, incineration of chemical substances generates harmful gases containing chlorine components, causing problems such as environmental pollution and deterioration of incineration facilities due to chlorine components, making it difficult to obtain highly efficient and clean energy. The development of technologies corresponding to these has become an important issue.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】都市ゴミ等の廃棄物を
加熱処理してエネルギー源として再利用を図る場合、問
題となるのは、廃棄物中に含まれる塩素成分をいかに取
り除くかにある。When a waste such as municipal waste is heated and reused as an energy source, a problem is how to remove a chlorine component contained in the waste.
【０００４】廃棄物を加熱処理すると、加熱過程で塩素
成分を含んだガスが発生し、このガス化した塩素成分
と、ガス化しなかった残渣（処理灰）に含まれる塩素成
分を除去しなければ、クリーンなエネルギー資源として
利用できない。When the waste is heated, a gas containing a chlorine component is generated in the heating process, and the gasified chlorine component and the chlorine component contained in the ungasified residue (processed ash) must be removed. , Cannot be used as a clean energy resource.
【０００５】しかし、ガス化した塩素成分は、フィルタ
等で吸着処理されるが、完全に除去することは難しく、
ダイオキシンの発生を生じているためこのガスから塩素
成分を完全に除去する技術の創設が強く望まれている。[0005] However, the gasified chlorine component is adsorbed by a filter or the like, but it is difficult to completely remove it.
Because of the generation of dioxin, there is a strong demand for the creation of a technique for completely removing the chlorine component from this gas.
【０００６】一方、加熱過程でガス化しなかった塩素成
分は処理灰と結合してしまい、高濃度の塩素成分を含有
した処理灰となるが、処理灰が塩素成分を含有している
と、処理灰を資源として再利用することは困難でありも
っぱら地中に埋設することで処理されている。On the other hand, the chlorine component that has not been gasified in the heating process is combined with the treated ash, resulting in a treated ash containing a high concentration of the chlorine component. It is difficult to reuse ash as a resource, and it is treated by burying it exclusively in the ground.
【０００７】そのために、処理灰を再利用する場合に
は、事前に廃棄物を分別して塩素成分発生の少ない廃棄
物のみに選別して加熱処理し、その処理灰を燃料、ブロ
ック等に固形化して再利用することが行われている。[0007] Therefore, when the treated ash is to be reused, the waste is separated in advance, sorted into only the waste having a small amount of chlorine component and heated, and the treated ash is solidified into a fuel, a block or the like. It is being reused.
【０００８】しかし、廃棄物の分別を行うことは効率が
悪く、しかも資源回収率も低いことから、塩素成分を効
果的に除去する技術の確立が望まれている。However, since the separation of waste is inefficient and the resource recovery rate is low, it is desired to establish a technique for effectively removing chlorine components.
【０００９】以上の課題に鑑み、本発明は加熱処理時に
処理灰に塩素成分を固定化し、塩素成分を含まないクリ
ーンなガスを得て有効活用を図るとともに、処理灰から
も塩素成分を除去して有効活用を図ることを目的とする
ものである。In view of the above problems, the present invention fixes chlorine components in treated ash at the time of heat treatment, obtains a clean gas containing no chlorine component, and effectively utilizes chlorine gas, and also removes chlorine components from treated ash. The purpose is to achieve effective utilization.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本願の発明者らは、数々
の実験調査の結果、廃棄物に含まれる塩素及び塩素成分
は、これと反応しやすい異なった温度領域を持つ２種類
の物質を混合して添加することにより、塩素成分は処理
灰に完全に固定化されることを見い出し、この知見に基
づいて本発明は加熱処理時に塩素成分を効果的に処理す
ることで、後工程での処理手段が簡便となるようにした
ものである。As a result of a number of experimental investigations, the inventors of the present invention have found that chlorine and chlorine components contained in waste can be converted into two types of substances having different temperature ranges that are liable to react with chlorine and chlorine components. By mixing and adding, it has been found that the chlorine component is completely fixed to the treated ash, and based on this finding, the present invention provides an effective treatment of the chlorine component during the heat treatment, so that the chlorine component can be used in the subsequent steps. The processing means is simplified.
【００１１】この２種類の物質を混合した添加物を所定
量廃棄物に添加し、所定の温度で乾留処理（蒸し焼き）
して処理灰（残渣）に塩素成分を固定し、ガス化する塩
素成分を皆無とし、排出するガスをクリーンなものとす
るものである。[0011] A predetermined amount of an additive obtained by mixing these two substances is added to waste, and a dry distillation treatment (steaming) is performed at a predetermined temperature.
Then, the chlorine component is fixed to the treated ash (residue), the chlorine component to be gasified is eliminated, and the discharged gas is made clean.
【００１２】異なる温度領域で塩素成分と反応しやすい
２種類の物質としては、高温領域で反応しやすい物質と
してアルカリ系の物質、低温領域で反応しやすい物質と
しては珪酸塩系物質を使用する。As the two kinds of substances which easily react with the chlorine component in different temperature ranges, an alkaline substance is used as a substance which easily reacts in a high temperature area, and a silicate type substance is used as a substance which easily reacts in a low temperature area.
【００１３】これらの高温領域および低温領域で塩素成
分と反応しやすいアルカリ系物質およにび珪酸塩の単体
又は混合物から選択し、これを粉末状にして適量混合
し、ゴミ量の５〜５０重量％を添加する。[0013] A simple substance or a mixture of alkaline substances and silicates which are liable to react with the chlorine component in the high and low temperature regions is selected, powdered and mixed in an appropriate amount. Add% by weight.
【００１４】２種類の添加物の混合比は、低温領域で反
応しやすい物質をＡとし、高温領域で反応しやすい物質
をＢとしたとき、Ａ≧Ｂとし、そのＡ：Ｂの比率は、
（１．５〜４．０）：１とするを好適とする。The mixing ratio of the two types of additives is as follows: when a substance which reacts easily in a low temperature region is A and a substance which reacts easily in a high temperature region is B, A ≧ B, and the ratio of A: B is as follows:
(1.5-4.0): 1 is preferred.
【００１５】このようにすることで、塩素成分は完全に
処理灰に固定化され、ガス化することがないので、加熱
過程で発生するガスは、そのまま大気中に放出しても大
気汚染の問題はない。またそのまま燃焼炉のガスととも
に、発電設備のエネルギー源として利用することもでき
るようになる。[0015] By doing so, the chlorine component is completely fixed to the treated ash and does not gasify, so that the gas generated in the heating process can be released into the atmosphere as it is, thus causing a problem of air pollution. There is no. Further, it can be used as it is as an energy source of the power generation equipment together with the gas of the combustion furnace.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
によって説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】図１は本発明を説明するための概念図を示
し、同図において１は密閉タンクで、例えば鉄系材料
（有磁性材料が好ましい）から成り、開閉可能な蓋およ
び／又は底を有し、廃棄物と添加物を混入して密閉し、
処理灰は取り出せる構成となっている。２，２′は加熱
コイルで所定周波数の交流電力を供給して密閉タンクお
よび内部の処理物を加熱する。この密閉タンク１と加熱
コイルとで電気炉を形成する。３はバルブで、ガス排出
管４に設けられている。なお、加熱コイル２′はタンク
の大きさ等により必要に応じて設置する。FIG. 1 is a conceptual view for explaining the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a closed tank, which is made of, for example, an iron-based material (preferably a magnetic material) and has an openable / closable lid and / or bottom. Have, mixed with waste and additives and sealed,
The processing ash can be taken out. The heating coils 2 and 2 'supply AC power of a predetermined frequency to heat the sealed tank and the inside of the tank. An electric furnace is formed by the closed tank 1 and the heating coil. Reference numeral 3 denotes a valve provided on the gas discharge pipe 4. The heating coil 2 'is installed as needed according to the size of the tank.
【００１８】まず、図１に示すように密閉タンク１の外
周に加熱コイル２を設けた電気炉を作り、この密閉タン
ク１の内部に廃棄物（ゴミ）と添加物を混入して密閉
し、加熱コイル２に交流電力を供給してタンクおよび内
部を加熱し、バルブ付き排気管４からの排出ガスの塩素
成分を測定できる装置を準備する。First, as shown in FIG. 1, an electric furnace having a heating coil 2 provided on the outer periphery of a closed tank 1 is made, and waste (garbage) and additives are mixed in the closed tank 1 and sealed. An apparatus that can supply an alternating-current power to the heating coil 2 to heat the tank and the inside and measure the chlorine component of the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 4 with a valve is prepared.
【００１９】次に、標準的な都市ゴミを模擬した次のよ
うな模擬ゴミを作成する。Next, the following simulated garbage that simulates standard city garbage is created.
【００２０】２０重量％・プラスチック（ＰＥ，ＰＰ，
ＰＳ，ＰＶＤＣ） ５０重量％・紙（ティッシュ、新聞、包装紙、箱、飲料
パック） ２０重量％・布（ウエスなど） １０重量％・厨芥 この模擬ゴミを破砕し、破砕した模擬ゴミ８ｇに、粉末
状の珪酸カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムの２種類の添
加物を１〜２ｇ混合して密閉タンクに入れ、電気炉で加
熱して、塩化水素ガス（ＨＣＬ）濃度（ｐｐｍ）を測定
した。20% by weight of plastic (PE, PP,
PS, PVDC) 50% by weight ・ Paper (tissue, newspaper, wrapping paper, box, beverage pack) 20% by weight ・ 10% by weight of cloth (waste, etc.) ・ Kitchen The simulated garbage is crushed and crushed into 8g of simulated garbage. 1-2 g of two kinds of powdery calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide were mixed, put in a closed tank, heated in an electric furnace, and the concentration of hydrogen chloride gas (HCL) (ppm) was measured.
【００２１】加熱温度は、２００℃，２５０℃，３００
℃，３５０℃，４００℃，５００℃，６００℃の７段階
に分け、各温度にて５分間保持し、全体で１時間加熱し
て塩化水素濃度（ガス濃度）を測定した。The heating temperature is 200 ° C., 250 ° C., 300 ° C.
C., 350.degree. C., 400.degree. C., 500.degree. C., and 600.degree. C., the temperature was maintained at each temperature for 5 minutes, and the whole was heated for 1 hour to measure the hydrogen chloride concentration (gas concentration).
【００２２】ガス濃度の測定は、ＪＩＳ−Ｋ０８０４に
規定されている検知管によって測定した。The gas concentration was measured using a detector tube specified in JIS-K0804.
【００２３】表１にこの測定結果を示す。表１に示す測
定値は実験１０回における測定値の平均値である。Table 1 shows the measurement results. The measured values shown in Table 1 are average values of the measured values in 10 experiments.
【００２４】[0024]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２５】なお、表中、「※」は１０回の実験におい
て、いずれも塩素成分が検出されなかったことを表して
いる。In the table, "*" indicates that no chlorine component was detected in any of the ten experiments.
【００２６】上記の結果から、低温域では珪酸カルシウ
ムが、高温域では水酸化カルシウムが塩素成分と反応し
て塩素成分の固定化が確実に行われていることが判明し
た。From the above results, it has been found that calcium silicate reacts with the chlorine component in the low temperature range and calcium chloride in the high temperature range, and the chlorine component is reliably immobilized.
【００２７】このことから、塩素成分を含有する廃棄物
を乾留処理にて脱塩素処理する場合、塩素成分と反応す
る温度領域の異なる少なくとも２種類の添加物を混合す
れば、効果的に塩素成分を固定化でき、加熱処理時に発
生するガスには塩素成分が含まれない可燃性ガス（Ｃｎ
Ｈｍなど）であることがわかった。From this, when waste containing chlorine components is subjected to dechlorination by dry distillation, it is possible to effectively mix chlorine components by mixing at least two types of additives that react with the chlorine components in different temperature ranges. Can be immobilized, and the gas generated during the heat treatment contains a flammable gas (Cn
Hm).
【００２８】よって、このガスを大気中に放出しても、
また、燃焼させても無害となり、有効活用が可能とな
る。Therefore, even if this gas is released into the atmosphere,
Moreover, even if it burns, it is harmless and can be used effectively.
【００２９】水素化カルシウムが高温領域で塩素成分と
反応して固定化する理由は、廃棄物が熱分解時に発生す
る塩化水素（ＨＣＬ）と気固反応して、塩化アルカリ
｛Ｃａ（ＣＬＯ）2・４Ｈ2Ｏ，ＣａＣＬ2４Ｈ2Ｏ）｝等
を生成し、処理灰に塩素成分を固定化するからであり、
同様に作用するものであれば、同じ作用効果が期待でき
る。The reason why the calcium hydride reacts with the chlorine component in the high-temperature region and is fixed is that the waste gas-solid reacts with hydrogen chloride (HCL) generated at the time of thermal decomposition, and alkali chloride @ Ca (CLO) 2・ 4H 2 O, CaCL 2 4H 2 O)｝ etc. are generated, and the chlorine component is immobilized on the treated ash.
The same function and effect can be expected as long as they work similarly.
【００３０】従って、水酸化カルシウム以外のアルカリ
系物質であれば同様の結果が得られることは明白であ
る。Therefore, it is clear that similar results can be obtained with alkaline substances other than calcium hydroxide.
【００３１】アルカリ系物質としては、次のものが使用
できる。The following can be used as the alkaline substance.
【００３２】（ａ）アルカリ土類金属：Ｃａ，Ｓｒ，Ｂ
ａ，Ｒａ （ｂ）アルカリ土類金属化合物：水酸化カルシウム、酸
化カルシウム、炭酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウ
ム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化バリ
ウム水和物、酸化バリウム、炭酸バリウム、水酸化スト
ロンチウム、炭酸ストロンチウム、ドロマイド（ＣａＣ
Ｏ3・ＭｇＣＯ3） （ｃ）アルカリ金属化合物：水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化
カリウム、水酸化リチウム水和物、炭酸ナトリウム、炭
酸カリウム、炭酸カリウムナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム
水和物、炭酸リチウム また、珪酸カルシウムが低温領域で塩素成分と反応して
固定化する理由は、珪酸カルシウム水和物は、多孔体で
あり、比表面積が大きく含水しており、廃棄物が熱分解
時に発生する塩化水素ガスを接触、吸着することにより
処理灰に塩素成分を固定化することができるからであ
り、同様に作用するものであれば、同様の作用効果が期
待できる。(A) Alkaline earth metal: Ca, Sr, B
a, Ra (b) alkaline earth metal compound: calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, barium hydroxide hydrate, barium oxide, barium carbonate, strontium hydroxide, Strontium carbonate, dolomide (CaC
O 3 .MgCO 3 ) (c) Alkali metal compounds: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide hydrate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium sodium carbonate, sodium carbonate hydrate, lithium carbonate and calcium silicate The reason is that calcium silicate hydrate is porous, has a large specific surface area and contains water, and the waste comes in contact with hydrogen chloride gas generated during thermal decomposition. This is because the chlorine component can be immobilized on the treated ash by being adsorbed, and a similar function and effect can be expected as long as the chlorine component acts similarly.
【００３３】従って、珪酸カルシウム以外の珪酸塩であ
っても、同様な結果が得られることは明白である。Therefore, it is clear that similar results can be obtained with silicates other than calcium silicate.
【００３４】珪酸塩としては、次のものが使用できる。The following can be used as the silicate.
【００３５】（ａ）珪酸水和物：珪酸カルシウム水和
物、珪酸マグネシウム水和物、ドバモナイド（５ＣａＯ
・６ＳｉＯ2・５Ｈ2Ｏ） （ｂ）珪酸塩化合物：珪酸アルミニウム、珪酸ナトリウ
ム 以上の実験調査の結果、添加物量は、処理される廃棄物
の５〜３０重量％添加するのが好ましく、２種類の添加
物の混合比率は、低温領域で反応するもの（Ａ）と高温
領域で反応するもの（Ｂ）とした時、Ａ≧Ｂとするのが
好ましいことが判った。特に、Ａ：Ｂ比率をＡ：Ｂ＝
（１．５〜４．０）：１が好ましい。(A) Silicic acid hydrate: calcium silicate hydrate, magnesium silicate hydrate, dobamonide (5CaO
· 6SiO 2 · 5H 2 O) (b) silicate compound: aluminum silicate, as a result of the sodium silicate above experimental investigation, the addition amount is preferably added 5-30 wt% of the waste to be treated, two It has been found that the mixing ratio of the additives is preferably A ≧ B when the mixture reacts in a low temperature region (A) and the mixture reacts in a high temperature region (B). In particular, when the A: B ratio is A: B =
(1.5-4.0): 1 is preferred.
【００３６】また、乾留処理工程の温度は、２００〜６
００℃内であれば確実に塩素成分が固定化されることが
わかった。The temperature of the carbonization step is 200 to 6
It was found that the chlorine component was reliably immobilized within the temperature of 00 ° C.
【００３７】そして、珪酸カルシウムと水酸化カルシウ
ムの添加物を混合処理した、処理灰の温度濃度を測定し
た結果、約１，０００ｐｐｍであり、塩素成分の固定化
が確認された。Then, the temperature concentration of the treated ash obtained by mixing and adding the additives of calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide was measured to be about 1,000 ppm, confirming that the chlorine component had been fixed.
【００３８】次に、加熱炉から取り出した処理灰の処理
及び利用について説明する。図２は処理灰から塩素成分
を除去する工程を説明するための概念図で、まず、処理
灰（残渣）を水槽に入れて所定時間（約３０分間）撹拌
して塩素成分を水に溶解する。次に、これを脱水分離
し、処理灰から塩素成分を除去し、これを乾燥・固形化
する。分離した排水の方は、別途排水処理手段により脱
塩素処理する。Next, the treatment and use of the treated ash taken out of the heating furnace will be described. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a process of removing a chlorine component from a treated ash. First, a treated ash (residue) is put into a water tank and stirred for a predetermined time (about 30 minutes) to dissolve the chlorine component in water. . Next, this is dewatered and separated, and the chlorine component is removed from the treated ash, which is dried and solidified. Separated wastewater is dechlorinated separately by wastewater treatment means.
【００３９】固形化した処理灰の残留塩素成分をイオン
クロマトグラフィで測定した結果、５ｐｐｍ以下でほと
んど皆無に等しかった。The residual chlorine component of the solidified treated ash was measured by ion chromatography. As a result, it was almost equal to 5 ppm or less.
【００４０】また、残渣の物性により、残渣を分離手段
により各物質に分離し、分離後の物質を乾燥し固形化す
る。Further, depending on the physical properties of the residue, the residue is separated into each substance by a separation means, and the separated substance is dried and solidified.
【００４１】[0041]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、廃棄物に塩素成
分と反応する温度領域の異なる少なくとも２種類の物質
の添加物を混合して加熱処理することで、処理灰に塩素
成分は完全に固定され、ガス化する塩素成分は皆無とな
る。従って、加熱処理中に発生するガスは皆無となり、
ガスエンジンの燃料の一部として利用でき、また、温水
器の熱源、熱ガスとして暖房に利用できる。As described above, according to the present invention, the chlorine component is completely contained in the treated ash by mixing and heating the waste with additives of at least two kinds of substances having different temperature ranges that react with the chlorine component. And there is no gaseous chlorine component. Therefore, there is no gas generated during the heat treatment,
It can be used as a part of fuel for gas engines, and can be used for heating as a heat source and hot gas for water heaters.
【００４２】また、ダイオキシンが発生しないため、そ
のまま大気中に放出できる等の効果を奏する。Further, since no dioxin is generated, there is an effect that the dioxin can be released into the atmosphere as it is.
【００４３】そして、処理灰中に固定化された塩素成分
は、水洗浄することで、従来１．０００ｐｐｍあったも
のを、皆無（５ｐｐｍ以下）に等しく処理できるので、
この処理灰も有効活用が可能となる。The chlorine component immobilized in the treated ash can be treated with water at a rate of not more than 1.000 ppm in the past, which can be treated to be completely eliminated (5 ppm or less).
This treated ash can also be used effectively.
【図１】本発明を説明するための実験装置の概念図。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an experimental apparatus for explaining the present invention.
【図２】本発明の処理灰の処理概念図。FIG. 2 is a conceptual drawing of processing ash of the present invention.
１…密閉タンク ２…加熱コイル ３…バルブ ４…ガス排気管 1. Sealed tank 2. Heating coil 3. Valve 4. Gas exhaust pipe
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B09B 3/00 302 C10B 53/00 B09D 53/34 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B09B 3/00 302 C10B 53/00 B09D 53/34
Claims (10)
て脱塩素処理する方法であって、前記廃棄物に、塩素成
分と反応する温度領域の異なる少なくとも２種類の添加
物を混合して加熱処理することを特徴とする廃棄物の脱
塩素処理方法。1. A method for subjecting waste containing a chlorine component to dry distillation and dechlorination treatment, wherein said waste is mixed with at least two types of additives having different temperature ranges to react with the chlorine component. A method for dechlorination of waste, which comprises heating.
応しやすいアルカリ系物質の単体又は混合物から選択
し、他方の添加物は、低温領域で反応のしやすい珪酸塩
から選択することを特徴とする請求項１記載の廃棄物の
脱塩素処理方法。2. One of the two kinds of additives is selected from a single substance or a mixture of alkali-based substances which react easily in a high temperature range, and the other additive is selected from silicates which react easily in a low temperature range. The method for dechlorination of waste according to claim 1, characterized in that:
５〜３０重量％とすることを特徴とする請求項１又は２
記載の廃棄物の脱塩素処理方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the additive is 5 to 30% by weight of the waste to be treated.
The method for dechlorination of waste described in the above.
類金属、アルカリ土類金属化合物、アルカリ金属および
アルカリ金属化合物の何れか単体又はこれらの混合物か
らなることを特徴とする請求項２記載の廃棄物の脱塩素
処理方法。4. The additive according to claim 2, wherein the additive-based alkaline substance is any one of an alkaline earth metal, an alkaline earth metal compound, an alkali metal and an alkali metal compound, or a mixture thereof. How to dechlorinate waste.
シウムであることを特徴とする請求項２記載の廃棄物の
脱塩素処理方法。5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the alkaline substance as the additive is calcium hydroxide.
ことを特徴とする請求項２記載の廃棄物の脱塩素処理方
法。6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the additive silicate is a silicate hydrate.
ことを特徴とする請求項６記載の廃棄物の脱塩素処理方
法。7. The method for dechlorination of waste according to claim 6, wherein the silicate hydrate is calcium silicate.
で反応するものをＡとし、高温領域で反応するものをＢ
としたとき、Ａ≧Ｂとしたことを特徴とする請求項１な
いし７のいずれか１項に記載の廃棄物の脱塩素処理方
法。8. The mixing ratio of the two kinds of additives is as follows: A that reacts in a low temperature region; and B that reacts in a high temperature region.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein A≥B.
（１，５〜４，０）：１としたことを特徴とする廃棄物
の脱塩素処理方法。9. The ratio of A to B of claim 8 is defined as A: B =
(1,5,4,0): 1, a method for dechlorination of waste.
００℃としたことを特徴とする請求項１ないし９のいず
れか１項に記載の廃棄物の脱塩素処理方法。10. The temperature of the carbonization step is 200 ° C. to 6 ° C.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the temperature is set to 00 ° C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08207507A JP3090056B2 (en) | 1996-08-07 | 1996-08-07 | Waste dechlorination method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08207507A JP3090056B2 (en) | 1996-08-07 | 1996-08-07 | Waste dechlorination method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1043713A JPH1043713A (en) | 1998-02-17 |
| JP3090056B2 true JP3090056B2 (en) | 2000-09-18 |
Family
ID=16540874
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08207507A Expired - Fee Related JP3090056B2 (en) | 1996-08-07 | 1996-08-07 | Waste dechlorination method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3090056B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0736043U (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-07-04 | 株式会社西日本試験機 | Specimen edge polishing device |
-
1996
- 1996-08-07 JP JP08207507A patent/JP3090056B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0736043U (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-07-04 | 株式会社西日本試験機 | Specimen edge polishing device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1043713A (en) | 1998-02-17 |
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