JP3079995B2 - Diffusion bonding method of metal material - Google Patents
Diffusion bonding method of metal materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP3079995B2 JP3079995B2 JP08075590A JP7559096A JP3079995B2 JP 3079995 B2 JP3079995 B2 JP 3079995B2 JP 08075590 A JP08075590 A JP 08075590A JP 7559096 A JP7559096 A JP 7559096A JP 3079995 B2 JP3079995 B2 JP 3079995B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bonding
- joining
- joint
- joined
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、金属材料からなる
構造部材、配管、とくにコイルドチュービングを含む油
井管の拡散接合方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for diffusing and joining a structural member made of a metal material, a pipe, and particularly an oil country tubular good including coiled tubing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】拡散接合方法は、接合部の材質劣化が起
こりにくいことおよび被接合材の材料に大きく依存する
ことなく簡便に接合ができるので、近年注目を集めてい
る接合方法であり、多くの発明の開示がなされている
（特開平６−７９６７号公報、特開平５−１６９２８０
号公報、特開平５−１６１９８４号公報、特開平５−７
７０６３号公報、特開平５−２２０５８５号公報、特開
平２−７５４７８号公報など）。2. Description of the Related Art Diffusion bonding is a bonding method that has attracted attention in recent years, because it is difficult to deteriorate the material of a bonding portion and can be easily bonded without largely depending on the material of a material to be bonded. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-7967 and 5-169280)
JP, JP-A-5-161984, JP-A-5-7
No. 7063, JP-A-5-220585, JP-A-2-75478, etc.).
【０００３】これらのうち、従来のガス圧接方法に替わ
る、接合温度が比較的低く、かつ接合部の塑性変形を考
慮した拡散接合方法として、特開平２−７５４７８号公
報に開示された方法がある。この方法は、拡散接合する
際、接合部に発生する塑性変形を抑制することにより、
接合部の過度の膨らみに伴う疲れ強さの低下またはコン
クリートを充填した場合のコンクリートのひび割れの誘
発を防止する。[0003] Of these, as a diffusion bonding method which replaces the conventional gas pressure welding method and has a relatively low bonding temperature and takes into account the plastic deformation of the bonded portion, there is a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-75478. . This method suppresses plastic deformation occurring at the joint when diffusion bonding is performed,
Prevents the reduction of fatigue strength due to excessive bulging of the joint or the induction of cracks in concrete when filled with concrete.
【０００４】この場合、従来のガス圧接法に比べれば効
果はあるものの、継手性能は十分とはいいがたく、接合
部の膨らみ形状をさらに改善し継手性能を向上させるこ
とが要望されている。[0004] In this case, although there is an effect as compared with the conventional gas pressure welding method, the joint performance is not sufficient, and there is a demand for further improving the bulging shape of the joint to improve the joint performance.
【０００５】また、拡散接合部の疲れ強さ向上を目的と
し、拡散接合とアーク溶接とを組み合わせた方法が、特
開平５−２２０５８５号公報に開示されている。しか
し、この方法においては、拡散接合だけではすまず、拡
散接合の後でアーク溶接をする必要があり、経済性に劣
るため、より簡便な方法による接合部の改善方法が要望
されている。A method combining diffusion welding and arc welding for the purpose of improving the fatigue strength of the diffusion joint is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-220585. However, in this method, it is necessary to perform the arc welding after the diffusion bonding without using only the diffusion bonding, which is inferior in economical efficiency. Therefore, there is a demand for a simpler method of improving the bonding portion.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、疲れ
強さ、継手強度および曲げ性が、母材と同等以上である
接合部を得ることができる簡便な金属材料の拡散接合方
法の提供にある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple method of bonding a metal material by diffusion so that a joint having fatigue strength, joint strength and bendability equal to or higher than that of a base material can be obtained. It is in.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】図１は、拡散接合により
接合された接合部付近の断面を示す図面である。本説明
において、接合部３とは、加熱の影響の及ぶ部分をい
い、加熱長さ２とは、このうち８００℃以上に加熱され
る部分をさす。接合部３および加熱長さ２は、ともに、
後記する接合層１に関してほぼ対称な形状を有する。拡
散層４とは、拡散接合の結果、後記する低融点接合材料
中の合金元素が被接合材の端面に侵入拡散した層をい
う。接合層１とは、接合により変質した低融点接合材料
をはさんだ両側の被接合材の端面の拡散層を含んだ部
分、すなわち拡散層／変質した低融点接合材料／拡散層
からなり、実質的に接合を分担している部分をさす。ま
た、以後、低融点接合材料のことを“接合材”という。
接合材は、その融点が被接合材の融点よりも低いものを
対象とする。FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a cross section near a joint joined by diffusion joining. In the present description, the bonding portion 3 refers to a portion affected by heating, and the heating length 2 refers to a portion heated to 800 ° C. or higher. The joint 3 and the heating length 2 are both
It has a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a bonding layer 1 described later. The diffusion layer 4 refers to a layer in which an alloy element in a low-melting-point bonding material, which will be described later, penetrates and diffuses into the end face of the material to be bonded as a result of the diffusion bonding. The bonding layer 1 includes portions including the diffusion layer on the end faces of the materials to be bonded on both sides of the low melting point bonding material that has been deteriorated by bonding, that is, substantially includes a diffusion layer / modified low melting point bonding material / diffusion layer. Refers to the part sharing the joint. Hereinafter, the low melting point bonding material is referred to as a “bonding material”.
The bonding material has a melting point lower than the melting point of the material to be bonded.
【０００８】本発明者らは、これまで行った実験結果の
中に、接合部の径が増加しなくても、母材破断するも
の、換言すれば十分な接合強度を有するものがあること
に着目し、その原因を解明する試験をおこない、つぎの
事項を確認した。[0008] The inventors of the present invention have found that among the results of the experiments conducted so far, there are cases in which the base material is broken even if the diameter of the joint does not increase, in other words, those having a sufficient joint strength. Attention was paid and a test for elucidating the cause was performed, and the following items were confirmed.
【０００９】：条材の接合部の径の増加率が１．０〜
１．１の範囲であっても、８００℃以上に加熱される部
分の長さ、すなわち加熱長さを２０ｍｍ以下とした場合
には、接合部での軟化の影響は小さく、接合部を含む引
張試験では母材破断となる。[0009] The rate of increase of the diameter of the joint of the strip is 1.0 to
Even in the range of 1.1, when the length of the portion heated to 800 ° C. or more, that is, the heating length is set to 20 mm or less, the influence of softening at the joint is small, and the tensile strength including the joint is small. In the test, the base material breaks.
【００１０】：管の場合には、塑性変形はもっぱら管
の外側への肉厚の増加によって行われる。この場合で
も、管の肉厚の増加率を１．０〜１．１と制限しても、
８００℃以上に加熱される管軸方向の長さ（この場合も
加熱長さという）を２０ｍｍ以下とすることにより接合
強度は十分高いものとなる。[0010] In the case of tubes, the plastic deformation is effected exclusively by an increase in the thickness of the tube outside. Even in this case, even if the increase rate of the wall thickness of the pipe is limited to 1.0 to 1.1,
By setting the length in the axial direction of the tube heated to 800 ° C. or more (also referred to as the heated length) to 20 mm or less, the bonding strength becomes sufficiently high.
【００１１】以後、条材の径の増加、または管の肉厚の
増加のことを、“横膨出”といい、それぞれの増加率を
“横膨出率”という。すなわち、条材の場合には、（接
合後の接合部の最大径−接合前の径）／（接合前の径）
をさし、管の場合には、（接合後の接合部の最大肉厚−
接合前の肉厚）／（接合前の肉厚）をさすものとする。
以後、被接合材の径および肉厚を区別せず、単に肉厚と
いう。すなわち、図１の符号を用いれば、（Ｔmax-ｔ）
／ｔが横膨出率である。また、肉厚の増加は、管などの
場合は、肉厚中心に関して対称に起きるとは限らない。Hereinafter, the increase in the diameter of the strip or the increase in the wall thickness of the pipe is referred to as "lateral swelling", and the rate of each increase is referred to as "lateral swelling rate". That is, in the case of a strip material, (maximum diameter of the joined portion after joining-diameter before joining) / (diameter before joining)
In the case of a pipe, (maximum thickness of the joint after joining-
Thickness before joining) / (thickness before joining).
Hereinafter, the diameter and the thickness of the material to be joined are not distinguished, but simply referred to as the thickness. That is, if the code in FIG. 1 is used, (Tmax-t)
/ T is the lateral swelling ratio. Further, in the case of a pipe or the like, the increase in the wall thickness does not always occur symmetrically with respect to the center of the wall thickness.
【００１２】：横膨出率が１．０〜１．１の範囲にあ
れば、接合部に発生する応力集中は大きくならず、接合
部の疲れ強さおよび曲げ性は母材と同等となる。When the lateral swelling ratio is in the range of 1.0 to 1.1, the concentration of stress generated in the joint does not increase, and the fatigue strength and bendability of the joint become equal to those of the base metal. .
【００１３】：管の場合、横膨出率が１．０〜１．１
の範囲にあれば、腐食性の強い流体が管内を流れても接
合部で大きく滞留することもなく、防食という観点から
も許容される。In the case of a tube, the lateral swelling ratio is 1.0 to 1.1.
Within this range, even if a highly corrosive fluid flows in the pipe, it does not stay large at the joint, and is acceptable from the viewpoint of corrosion protection.
【００１４】本発明者らは、後記する自製した拡散接合
装置を用いて、上記の事項を組み合わせた方法を鋼管に
適用し、その効果を確認することによって本発明方法を
完成した。The present inventors applied a method combining the above items to a steel pipe using a self-produced diffusion bonding apparatus described later, and confirmed the effects thereof, thereby completing the method of the present invention.
【００１５】本発明方法は疲れ強さおよび継手強度に優
れた接合部を形成する下記の金属材料の拡散接合方法を
要旨とする（図１参照）。The method of the present invention has a gist of the following diffusion bonding method of a metal material which forms a joint having excellent fatigue strength and joint strength (see FIG. 1).
【００１６】（１）突き合わせた被接合材の間に接合材
を介在させて、接合部３を加熱し、８００℃以上となる
加熱長さ２を３〜２０ｍｍの範囲とし、被接合材の長手
方向５に圧縮応力を加えることにより接合部３を横膨出
率１．０〜１．１の範囲に塑性変形させることを特徴と
する疲れ強さおよび継手強度に優れた接合部を形成する
金属材料の拡散接合方法。(1) The joining material 3 is heated by interposing the joining material between the butted materials to be joined, and the heating length 2 at 800 ° C. or more is set in the range of 3 to 20 mm, and the longitudinal length of the joining material is A metal forming a joint having excellent fatigue strength and joint strength, characterized in that the joint 3 is plastically deformed in the range of 1.0 to 1.1 by applying compressive stress in the direction 5. Material diffusion bonding method.
【００１７】本発明において、接合材には、アモルファ
ス（非晶質）と結晶体とを問わず合金薄帯などのいわゆ
るインサート材が最もよく用いられる。しかし、インサ
ート材のように被接合材とは別個独立した物に限定され
ず、例えば、めっき膜や溶射膜などのように予め被接合
材の端面に取り付けられているものであってもよい。ま
た、インサート材をスポット溶接や鍛接などにより被接
合材端面に取り付けてもよい。In the present invention, a so-called insert material such as an alloy ribbon is most often used as a bonding material regardless of whether it is amorphous or crystalline. However, the material to be joined is not limited to a material independent of the material to be joined, such as an insert material. For example, a material such as a plating film or a sprayed film which is attached to an end surface of the material to be joined in advance may be used. Further, the insert material may be attached to the end face of the material to be joined by spot welding or forging.
【００１８】“接合材を介在させる”とは、インサート
材の場合には被接合材の間にはさむことをいい、まため
っき膜や溶射膜の場合には、接合の際、空間的な位置関
係としてこれら接合材が被接合材の間に存在する状態を
さす。The phrase "intervening a bonding material" means that an insert material is sandwiched between materials to be bonded, and a plating film or a sprayed film has a spatial positional relationship at the time of bonding. The state in which these joining materials are present between the materials to be joined.
【００１９】本発明に係る拡散接合は、接合材を溶融さ
せて行う液相拡散接合および接合材を溶融させない温度
域で行う固相拡散接合の両方の場合を含む。The diffusion bonding according to the present invention includes both liquid phase diffusion bonding performed by melting the bonding material and solid phase diffusion bonding performed in a temperature range where the bonding material is not melted.
【００２０】被接合材は金属材料全般を対象とするが、
とくに鋼材の場合に本発明方法の利用頻度が大きく、実
用価値も高くなる。被接合材の形状は、管、条材、棒材
および板材などが対象となり特定の形状に限定されな
い。管には、直管のみならずコイル状に卷かれたコイル
ドチュービングが含まれる。コイルドチュービングの場
合には、接合材にはもっぱらインサート材が使用され
る。The material to be joined covers all metallic materials.
Particularly in the case of steel materials, the method of the present invention is frequently used, and the practical value is also increased. The shapes of the materials to be joined include pipes, strips, bars, and plates, and are not limited to specific shapes. The tube includes not only a straight tube but also coiled tubing wound in a coil shape. In the case of coiled tubing, an insert material is used exclusively for the joining material.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】つぎに本発明方法の条件の限定理
由について説明する。Next, the reasons for limiting the conditions of the method of the present invention will be described.
【００２２】１）横膨出率：本発明に係わる接合方法
は、突き合わせた被接合材である金属材料の端面の間に
接合材を介在させ加熱して拡散接合する際、被接合材１
２の長手方向５に応力を加えることにより接合部３に塑
性変形をおこし、接合部における横膨出率を１．０〜
１．１の範囲とする。1) Lateral swelling ratio: In the joining method according to the present invention, when the joining material is interposed between the end surfaces of the butted metal materials to be joined and heated to perform diffusion joining, the joining material 1
By applying a stress in the longitudinal direction 5 of 2, the joint 3 is plastically deformed, and the lateral swelling ratio at the joint is 1.0 to 1.0.
1.1 range.
【００２３】接合部３を、横膨出率１．０〜１．１の範
囲に塑性変形させるのは、つぎの目的のためである。The joint 3 is plastically deformed to a lateral expansion ratio of 1.0 to 1.1 for the following purpose.
【００２４】：液相拡散接合の場合には、不必要な溶
融状態のインサート材の接合端面からの排出の促進と同
時に、その結果起きる接合部の表面での溝または切り欠
き発生の防止。In the case of liquid phase diffusion bonding, the unnecessary discharge of the insert material in the molten state from the bonding end face is promoted, and at the same time, the occurrence of grooves or notches on the surface of the bonding portion is prevented.
【００２５】：突き合わせた被接合材端面同士の密着
性向上。これは、とくに固相拡散接合の場合に、接合層
１における欠陥を防止して、接合面積を増大させるので
重要である。Improvement of adhesion between the end faces of the materials to be joined. This is important, particularly in the case of solid-phase diffusion bonding, because it prevents defects in the bonding layer 1 and increases the bonding area.
【００２６】：とに起因する接合材の合金元素の
被接合材端面への侵入および拡散の促進。(2) The penetration of the alloying element of the joining material into the end face of the joining material and the promotion of the diffusion caused by the above.
【００２７】ここで、横膨出率を１．１以下としたのは
接合後の過度な膨らみを抑制し、接合部での形状不連続
に起因した応力集中をさけるためである。また１．０以
上としたのは、１．０未満では、接合層１における接合
面積が金属材料の断面積より小さくなり、例えば表面に
溝または切り欠きを生じた状態となり強度確保が困難と
なるからである。Here, the reason why the lateral swelling ratio is set to 1.1 or less is to suppress excessive swelling after joining and to avoid stress concentration due to shape discontinuity at the joining portion. The reason why the ratio is set to 1.0 or more is that if it is less than 1.0, the bonding area in the bonding layer 1 becomes smaller than the cross-sectional area of the metal material, for example, a state where grooves or notches are formed on the surface, and it is difficult to secure the strength. Because.
【００２８】一般に、通常の溶接法による溶接部の疲れ
強さは、溶接ビードに垂直な断面での被接合材表面付近
の溶接ビードの形状、すなわち止端部形状に支配され、
その部位の応力集中度で決定される。拡散接合方法の場
合も、応力集中度によって支配されるという点で同様で
あって、接合部３に形状不連続部が存在すれば、その部
位での応力集中度によって疲れ強さが支配される。横膨
出率を１．０〜１．１とすることにより応力集中度は許
容される範囲となる。十分な継手強度と疲れ強さを同時
に余裕をもって満足するためには、横膨出率は１．０２
〜１．０８の範囲にさらに限定することが望ましい。In general, the fatigue strength of the welded portion by the ordinary welding method is governed by the shape of the weld bead near the surface of the material to be joined in a cross section perpendicular to the weld bead, that is, the shape of the toe.
It is determined by the stress concentration at that part. The case of the diffusion bonding method is similar in that it is governed by the degree of stress concentration, and if there is a shape discontinuity in the joint part 3, the fatigue strength is governed by the degree of stress concentration in that part. . By setting the lateral swelling ratio to 1.0 to 1.1, the degree of stress concentration is in an allowable range. In order to satisfy sufficient joint strength and fatigue strength at the same time with a margin, the lateral swelling ratio should be 1.02.
It is desirable to further limit the range to 1.08.
【００２９】２）加熱長さ：本発明方法において、疲れ
強さに加えて十分な継手強度を確保するには、８００℃
以上に加熱される領域、すなわち加熱長さ２を３〜２０
ｍｍとする必要がある。これは、接合時の加熱による軟
化は８００℃以上で生じるので、その領域を２０ｍｍ以
下とすることにより接合後の継手強度低下を最小限に抑
えることができるからである。加熱長さが短ければ軟化
部分が短いので、接合部が引張荷重を受けた場合に周囲
の領域で軟化領域の変形が拘束され所望の継手強度が得
られる。しかし、加熱長さが３ｍｍ未満では、局所的に
温度勾配が大きくなり安定した接合が不可能となるの
で、加熱長さは３〜２０ｍｍとする。2) Heating length: In the method of the present invention, in order to secure sufficient joint strength in addition to fatigue strength, 800 ° C.
The region heated above, that is, the heating length 2 is 3 to 20
mm. This is because softening due to heating at the time of joining occurs at 800 ° C. or higher, and by setting the area to 20 mm or less, a decrease in joint strength after joining can be minimized. If the heating length is short, the softened portion is short, so when the joint is subjected to a tensile load, deformation of the softened region is restrained in the surrounding region, and desired joint strength is obtained. However, if the heating length is less than 3 mm, the temperature gradient becomes locally large and stable joining becomes impossible, so the heating length is 3 to 20 mm.
【００３０】３）加熱および応力付加方法：図２は、本
発明を適用するのに用いた装置の概要を示す図面であ
る。同図に示すように銅製の１ターンの加熱コイル兼ガ
スシールド治具１１、その両側の被接合材１２の冷却ジ
ャケット１３、加圧用クランプ１４からなる接合用ヘッ
ドと高周波電源１５および制御盤１６により構成され
る。3) Heating and stress applying method: FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an outline of an apparatus used for applying the present invention. As shown in the drawing, a one-turn heating coil / gas shield jig 11 made of copper, a cooling jacket 13 of a material 12 to be joined on both sides thereof, a joining head comprising a pressurizing clamp 14, a high-frequency power source 15 and a control panel 16 are used. Be composed.
【００３１】拡散接合方法においては、接合材の融点は
母材より低いものを対象とする。加熱温度を接合材の融
点以上に加熱すれば、液相拡散接合となる。固相拡散接
合方法に比べて液相拡散接合法は、被接合材とのなじみ
が良いため健全な接合層１が得られやすい。In the diffusion bonding method, the bonding material whose melting point is lower than that of the base material is used. If the heating temperature is heated to the melting point of the bonding material or higher, liquid phase diffusion bonding is achieved. Compared with the solid-phase diffusion bonding method, the liquid-phase diffusion bonding method has good compatibility with a material to be bonded, and thus a sound bonding layer 1 is easily obtained.
【００３２】接合材の融点以下に加熱する固相拡散接合
方法も本発明の対象となる。固相拡散接合方法であって
も、上記したように塑性変形を加えることにより、接合
材の合金元素の被接合材端面への侵入拡散が促進される
ので、液相拡散接合方法に比べてそれほど多くの接合時
間を必要としない。A solid phase diffusion bonding method in which the bonding material is heated to a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point is also an object of the present invention. Even in the solid-phase diffusion bonding method, the plastic deformation as described above promotes the penetration and diffusion of the alloy element of the bonding material to the end face of the material to be bonded. Does not require much joining time.
【００３３】拡散接合方法においては、接合に際しての
加熱温度は被接合材である金属材料の融点未満である。In the diffusion bonding method, the heating temperature at the time of bonding is lower than the melting point of the metal material to be bonded.
【００３４】本接合方法の適用をする場合、大気中で加
熱すると、被接合材の端面が酸化される懸念がある。接
合端面が酸化すると、接合層１に欠陥が発生し、継手強
度が劣化する場合があるので、加熱に際しては、図２に
おけるガスシールド治具１１に不活性ガスを通すことに
より不活性ガス雰囲気で行うことが望ましい。また、窒
素ガスシールドを行っても、不活性ガスを使用する場合
と同等の効果が得られる。When the present bonding method is applied, there is a concern that the end face of the material to be bonded is oxidized when heated in the air. If the bonding end face is oxidized, a defect may be generated in the bonding layer 1 and the joint strength may be degraded. Therefore, when heating, an inert gas is passed through the gas shield jig 11 in FIG. It is desirable to do. Further, even if the nitrogen gas shield is performed, the same effect as that obtained when an inert gas is used can be obtained.
【００３５】加熱方法としては、温度コントロールが容
易で、加熱長さ２の制御も容易で、かつ雰囲気制御もし
易いことから、高周波誘導加熱が望ましい。さらに、被
接合材の種類によっては、接合後の冷却速度が被接合材
の変態により硬化して接合性能に影響することがあるた
め、接合部の冷却速度を制御するようにしてもよい。As a heating method, high-frequency induction heating is desirable because the temperature can be easily controlled, the heating length 2 can be easily controlled, and the atmosphere can be easily controlled. Further, depending on the type of the material to be joined, the cooling rate after joining may be hardened due to the transformation of the material to be joined and affect the joining performance. Therefore, the cooling rate of the joint may be controlled.
【００３６】加熱長さ２は、加熱コイル１１の長さを調
節することによって制御することができる。また、冷却
ジャケット１３の掴み位置または冷却能（流水量）を調
節することによっても制御できる。The heating length 2 can be controlled by adjusting the length of the heating coil 11. Further, it can also be controlled by adjusting the gripping position of the cooling jacket 13 or the cooling capacity (the amount of flowing water).
【００３７】被接合材の接合部３に塑性変形を加え、表
面における溝や切り欠きの発生を防止し、または横膨出
を適正量生じさせるためには、長手方向５への圧縮応力
の付加、すなわち加圧は必須である。加圧は、図２に示
す装置により、被接合材１２をクランプ１４によりク
ランプし、熱膨張反力を利用して加圧する方法（クラン
プにスプリングを入れて熱膨張反力の一部を逃がして加
圧力を調整する）、または、油圧により外部から加圧
力を調節する方法、などを用いることができる。加圧
は、加熱中の所定時間おこない、横膨出率を所期の量に
した後は加圧力を小さくするか、または加圧を行わな
い。In order to apply plastic deformation to the joint 3 of the material to be joined, to prevent the generation of grooves and notches on the surface, or to generate an appropriate amount of lateral swelling, a compressive stress must be applied in the longitudinal direction 5. That is, pressurization is essential. The pressurization is performed by a method shown in FIG. 2 in which the workpiece 12 is clamped by the clamp 14 and pressurized by utilizing a thermal expansion reaction force (a spring is inserted into the clamp to release a part of the thermal expansion reaction force). The pressure may be adjusted), or a method of externally adjusting the pressure by hydraulic pressure may be used. The pressurization is performed for a predetermined time during heating, and after the lateral swelling ratio is set to an intended amount, the pressing force is reduced or no pressurization is performed.
【００３８】所定の横膨出率になったか否かは大気中で
行う場合は肉眼やゲイジなどにより容易に判断できる。
コイルの中で横膨出が生じている場合には、予め、所定
の横膨出により膨らむ位置に電極などを固定し、横膨出
により被接合材が接触することにより電気抵抗が小さく
なることを利用したセンサーを組み込むことによって検
出できる。また、経験的に接合条件と横膨出率との関係
が把握できている場合には、経験に基づいて予め接合条
件を設定するによって横膨出率を制御してもよい。Whether or not the predetermined lateral swelling ratio has been reached can be easily determined by the naked eye, gage, or the like when performed in the atmosphere.
If lateral swelling occurs in the coil, fix the electrodes etc. in advance at the position where the swelling occurs due to the predetermined lateral swelling, and the electrical resistance will be reduced by the material to be joined coming into contact by the lateral swelling It can be detected by incorporating a sensor using When the relationship between the joining condition and the lateral swelling ratio can be grasped empirically, the lateral swelling ratio may be controlled by setting the joining condition in advance based on experience.
【００３９】４）接合材：本接合方法に用いる接合材
は、その融点が被接合材のそれより低い限り特に限定さ
れるものでなく、被接合材の材質等に応じて適宜選定で
きる。前記したように接合材をインサート材として、ア
モルファス（非晶質）または結晶化した合金薄帯が適用
できる。これら合金薄帯は自製することもできるし、市
販されている合金薄帯を使用することもできる。4) Joining material: The joining material used in the present joining method is not particularly limited as long as its melting point is lower than that of the material to be joined, and can be appropriately selected according to the material and the like of the material to be joined. As described above, amorphous (amorphous) or crystallized alloy ribbons can be applied using the joining material as an insert material. These alloy ribbons can be manufactured by themselves, or commercially available alloy ribbons can be used.
【００４０】これらインサート材の被接合材間に介在さ
せる方法はとくに限定しないが、接合現場で手作業によ
りはさんでもよいし予め被接合材端面にスポット溶接、
鍛接または接着等により取り付けておいてもよい。被接
合材端面にこれらインサート材を取り付ける場合および
前記しためっき膜や溶射膜の場合であって、管を連続的
に数百本も接合して全長数千メートルに及ぶ場合には、
一本の管の両端にこれら接合材を施したものを用いても
よいし、または片方の端面に施したものを用いてもよ
い。The method of interposing the insert material between the materials to be joined is not particularly limited, but may be manually interposed at the joining site or may be spot-welded in advance to the end surface of the material to be joined.
It may be attached by forging or bonding. In the case of attaching these insert materials to the end face of the material to be joined and in the case of the plating film or the sprayed film, in the case where several hundred tubes are continuously joined and the total length is several thousand meters,
A pipe provided with these joining materials on both ends may be used, or a pipe provided on one end face may be used.
【００４１】５）被接合材：本発明では、被接合材はと
くに限定されることはなく、例えば、鉄筋コンクリート
用棒鋼等の条材、各材質の管やその他の金属材料が適用
可能である。管の場合には、直管のみならずコイルドチ
ュービングも含まれることは前記したとおりである。ま
た、被接合材は必ずしも同一ないしは同種のものに限定
されず異種のものも適用可能である。5) Material to be Joined: In the present invention, the material to be joined is not particularly limited, and for example, a strip material such as a steel bar for reinforced concrete, a tube of each material, and other metal materials can be applied. As described above, in the case of a tube, not only a straight tube but also a coiled tubing is included. The materials to be joined are not necessarily limited to the same or the same kind, and different kinds of materials can be applied.
【００４２】[0042]
【実施例】つぎに実施例により本発明の効果を説明す
る。EXAMPLES Next, the effects of the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
【００４３】被接合材として、０．２４％Ｃ−０．２５
％Ｓｉ−１．１３％Ｍｎ−０．４８％Ｃｒ−０．０２６
％Ｔｉ−残部実質的にＦｅの組成を有する外径１３０ｍ
ｍ、肉厚１５ｍｍの焼き入れ（９５０℃）−焼き戻し
（６２０℃）処理された継目無鋼管を用いた。この鋼管
の母材の引張強さは８６０ＭＰａであった。As a material to be joined, 0.24% C-0.25
% Si-1.13% Mn-0.48% Cr-0.026
% Ti-balance: substantially 130 m in outer diameter having a composition of Fe
m, a seamless steel pipe having a thickness of 15 mm and quenched (950 ° C.)-tempered (620 ° C.) was used. The tensile strength of the base material of this steel pipe was 860 MPa.
【００４４】接合材はインサート材とし、１．４％Ｂ−
７．３％Ｓｉ−５．３％Ｃｒ−残部Ｎｉの組成からなる
融点が１１４０℃の厚さ３０μｍの合金薄帯を使用し
た。The joining material is an insert material, 1.4% B-
A 30 μm thick alloy ribbon having a composition of 7.3% Si-5.3% Cr-balance Ni and a melting point of 1140 ° C. was used.
【００４５】接合は、窒素ガスシールドのもと、接合層
１における温度１２５０℃、加熱保持時間３００秒間の
条件により、種々の横膨出率になるように接合した。加
熱は、高周波誘導加熱方式とし、加熱コイル幅を１０〜
５０ｍｍと変え、また同時に加熱コイルの外側に冷却ジ
ャケットを設けて冷却能を変えることにより、加熱長さ
を変化させた。Bonding was performed under a nitrogen gas shield under conditions of a temperature of 1250 ° C. and a heating and holding time of 300 seconds in the bonding layer 1 so as to obtain various lateral swelling rates. Heating is performed by a high frequency induction heating method, and the heating coil width is set to 10 to 10.
The heating length was changed by changing the cooling capacity by changing the cooling capacity to 50 mm and at the same time, providing a cooling jacket outside the heating coil.
【００４６】接合部の横膨出率は接合中の加圧力を変え
ることにより変化させた。加圧力の調整は、前記の説明
のうち、の油圧による方法により行った。横膨出率の
検出には前記の電気抵抗の変化に基づくセンサーを使用
した。The lateral swelling ratio of the joint was changed by changing the pressing force during the joining. The adjustment of the pressing force was performed by the hydraulic method described in the above description. For the detection of the lateral swelling ratio, a sensor based on the change in the electric resistance was used.
【００４７】接合後、接合層１を中央に含む引張試験
片、曲げ試験片および疲労試験片を採取して、これら試
験を行った。引張試験片および曲げ試験片の形状は、JI
S Z 2201およびJIS Z 2204に準じ、試験方法は、JIS Z
2241およびJIS Z 2248によった。After joining, a tensile test piece, a bending test piece and a fatigue test piece including the bonding layer 1 at the center were collected and subjected to these tests. The shape of the tensile test piece and the bending test piece is JI
According to SZ 2201 and JIS Z 2204, the test method is JIS Z
2241 and JIS Z 2248.
【００４８】疲労試験は４点曲げにより行い、片振りの
曲げ応力を２００ＭＰａとして亀裂発生までの回数（寿
命）を調査した。The fatigue test was performed by four-point bending, and the number of times (life) until crack generation was examined with the oscillating bending stress set at 200 MPa.
【００４９】表１は、接合後の横膨出率と加熱長さおよ
び上記試験の結果を示す一覧表である。Table 1 is a table showing the lateral swelling ratio after heating, the heating length, and the results of the above test.
【００５０】同表において、番号およびは本発明例
であり、継手強度および疲れ強さともに優れており曲げ
性も良好である。In the same table, the numbers and are the examples of the present invention, which are excellent in both joint strength and fatigue strength, and have good bendability.
【００５１】[0051]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００５２】番号は接合部が過度に変形して、横膨出
率が本発明範囲を超えた場合である。継手強度は良好で
あるが、疲れ寿命が本発明例と比べて１オーダー低下し
ており、応力集中の影響が明確に現れている。The numbers indicate cases where the joints were excessively deformed and the lateral swelling ratio exceeded the range of the present invention. Although the joint strength is good, the fatigue life is reduced by one order as compared with the example of the present invention, and the influence of stress concentration clearly appears.
【００５３】また、は加熱長さが本発明の範囲を超え
て大きい場合である。疲れ寿命も本発明例と比較して低
下しているが、継手強度が著しく低下していることがわ
かる。The other case is when the heating length is longer than the range of the present invention. It can be seen that the fatigue life is also reduced as compared with the example of the present invention, but the joint strength is significantly reduced.
【００５４】[0054]
【発明の効果】本発明方法を適用し、拡散接合において
横膨出率および加熱長さを適正な範囲にするという簡便
な方法により、疲れ強さおよび継手強度が優れた接合部
を得ることができ、金属材料の接合を必要とする産業界
に波及効果の大きい基本的な技術を提供することができ
る。According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a joint having excellent fatigue strength and joint strength by a simple method of setting the lateral swelling ratio and the heating length in the appropriate range in diffusion bonding. It is possible to provide a basic technology having a large ripple effect to the industry requiring the joining of metal materials.
【図１】本発明方法に係る拡散接合方法で接合された接
合部の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a joined portion joined by a diffusion joining method according to the method of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施に用いた装置の概要を示す図面で
ある。FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an outline of an apparatus used for carrying out the present invention.
【符号の簡単な説明】 １…接合層 ２…加熱長さ ３…接合部 ４…拡散層 ５…被接合材の長手方向 Ｔmax…接合部の最大肉厚 ｔ…被接合材の肉厚 １１…加熱コイル兼ガスシールド治具 １２…被接合材（鋼管あるいは鉄筋など） １３…冷却ジャケット １４…クランプ １５…高周波電源 １６…制御盤BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SYMBOLS 1 ... joining layer 2 ... heating length 3 ... joining portion 4 ... diffusion layer 5 ... longitudinal direction of the material to be joined Tmax ... maximum thickness of the joining portion t ... thickness of the joining material 11 ... Heating coil / gas shield jig 12 ... Material to be joined (steel pipe or rebar) 13 ... Cooling jacket 14 ... Clamp 15 ... High frequency power supply 16 ... Control panel
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平８−300166（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−262685（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B23K 20/00 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── (5) References JP-A-8-300166 (JP, A) JP-A-9-262685 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B23K 20/00
Claims (1)
料を介在させて、接合部（３）を加熱し、８００℃以上
となる加熱長さ（２）を３〜２０ｍｍの範囲とし、被接
合材の長手方向（５）に圧縮応力を加えることにより接
合部（３）を横膨出率１．０〜１．１の範囲に塑性変形
させることを特徴とする疲れ強さおよび継手強度に優れ
た接合部を形成する金属材料の拡散接合方法。1. A bonding part (3) is heated by interposing a low melting point bonding material between the butted materials to be bonded, and a heating length (2) of 800 ° C. or more is set in a range of 3 to 20 mm. Fatigue strength and joint strength characterized by applying a compressive stress in the longitudinal direction (5) of the material to be joined to plastically deform the joint (3) to a lateral expansion ratio of 1.0 to 1.1. Diffusion bonding method of metal material to form excellent bonding part.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08075590A JP3079995B2 (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1996-03-29 | Diffusion bonding method of metal material |
| EP97908537A EP0847826A4 (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1997-03-27 | Method of diffusion-welding metal materials |
| PCT/JP1997/001069 WO1997036711A1 (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1997-03-27 | Method of diffusion-welding metal materials |
| CA002222288A CA2222288A1 (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1997-03-27 | Method for joining metallic materials by diffusion bonding and joined structure thereby |
| US08/999,602 US6059175A (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1997-11-28 | Method for joining metallic materials by diffusion bonding and joined structure thereby |
| NO975502A NO975502L (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1997-11-28 | Method of jointing metal materials by diffusion bonding, as well as structures jointed therewith |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08075590A JP3079995B2 (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1996-03-29 | Diffusion bonding method of metal material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09262684A JPH09262684A (en) | 1997-10-07 |
| JP3079995B2 true JP3079995B2 (en) | 2000-08-21 |
Family
ID=13580575
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08075590A Expired - Fee Related JP3079995B2 (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1996-03-29 | Diffusion bonding method of metal material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3079995B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002129661A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-05-09 | Kajima Corp | Structure for connecting reinforced concrete pillar and steel frame beam |
| JP4540392B2 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2010-09-08 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Liquid phase diffusion bonding method for metal machine parts |
| JP2011148164A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-08-04 | Sanehiro Yamaguchi | Clad material and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP5857772B2 (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2016-02-10 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Method of manufacturing liquid phase diffusion joint for steel bar |
| JP6209174B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-10-04 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Joining apparatus and joining method |
| JP2021053674A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 株式会社デンソー | Manufacturing method and manufacturing device of joined body |
| CN112326722B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-08-11 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Device and method for performing diffusion welding expansion measurement based on quenching dilatometer |
-
1996
- 1996-03-29 JP JP08075590A patent/JP3079995B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09262684A (en) | 1997-10-07 |
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