JP2951170B2 - Hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage - Google Patents
Hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storageInfo
- Publication number
- JP2951170B2 JP2951170B2 JP22887893A JP22887893A JP2951170B2 JP 2951170 B2 JP2951170 B2 JP 2951170B2 JP 22887893 A JP22887893 A JP 22887893A JP 22887893 A JP22887893 A JP 22887893A JP 2951170 B2 JP2951170 B2 JP 2951170B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- hydrogen storage
- tank
- storage alloy
- ejection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、水素注入ノズルが配設
された水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンクに関し、より詳し
くは水素注入ノズルの改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydrogen storage alloy tank for storing hydrogen provided with a hydrogen injection nozzle, and more particularly to an improvement in a hydrogen injection nozzle.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、地球環境保全への関心の高まりと
ともに、クリーンエネルギーに対する要請が一段と高ま
っている。このような背景にあって、クリーンエネルギ
ーとしての水素の重要性が従来に増して高まっている。
ところで、水素は、通常気体であり且つ極めて活性な物
質であるため、このような性質の水素を如何に適切に個
別貯蔵するかが、水素エネルギーの高度利用を図る際の
重要課題になる。例えば宇宙開発用ロケットや電気自動
車の電源として、エネルギー変換効率が高くかつ環境汚
染に対する影響の少ない水素燃料電池を活用しようとす
る方向にあるが、この場合、先ず電池燃料である水素を
如何に供給するかが問題となる。また、いわば無尽蔵の
資源である太陽エネルギーの利用を図るため、砂漠等で
太陽電池発電を行いその電力を水の電気分解を通じて一
旦水素に変換し、水素の形態でエネルギー貯蔵し、これ
を消費地に運搬等して利用しようと考える場合、上記と
同様に先ず水素の蓄積貯蔵方法が問題となる。つまり、
如何に適切簡便に水素を貯蔵できるかが水素エネルギー
の高度利用を図るための鍵となる。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, demand for clean energy has been further increased with increasing interest in global environmental protection. Against this background, the importance of hydrogen as clean energy is increasing more than ever.
By the way, since hydrogen is usually a gas and an extremely active substance, how to properly store hydrogen having such properties is an important issue when attempting to use hydrogen energy to a high degree. For example, as a power source for space development rockets and electric vehicles, there is a trend to use a hydrogen fuel cell with high energy conversion efficiency and little impact on environmental pollution. In this case, first, how to supply hydrogen as the cell fuel Is a problem. In addition, in order to utilize solar energy, which is an inexhaustible resource, it is possible to generate solar cells in deserts, convert the power to hydrogen once through electrolysis of water, store the energy in the form of hydrogen, and store it in the consuming area. When it is intended to transport and use the hydrogen, the method of storing and storing hydrogen first becomes a problem as in the above case. That is,
How to store hydrogen appropriately and conveniently is the key to the advanced utilization of hydrogen energy.
【０００３】しかして、最近、水素を可逆的に吸蔵放出
し得る水素吸蔵合金が注目され、この水素吸蔵合金に水
素を吸蔵させて水素貯蔵を行う方式が、水素貯蔵法とし
て利用されるようになって来ている。この方式によれ
ば、水素の個別貯蔵（任意の単位での貯蔵をいう）が容
易となるとともに、その取り出しも容易となるので、高
圧液化方式の従来型貯蔵法に比べて、水素及び水素利用
装置の活用範囲を大幅に拡大できることになる。[0003] Recently, attention has been paid to a hydrogen storage alloy capable of reversibly storing and releasing hydrogen, and a method of storing hydrogen by storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy has been used as a hydrogen storage method. It is becoming. According to this method, individual storage of hydrogen (meaning storage in an arbitrary unit) is facilitated, and the removal thereof is also facilitated. Therefore, compared with the conventional high-pressure liquefaction storage method, hydrogen and hydrogen are used. The utilization range of the device can be greatly expanded.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の発明者らは、
上記の如き状況を踏まえ、水素吸蔵合金に水素を吸蔵さ
せて水素貯蔵を行う従来型水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タン
クについて見直しを行ったところ、次のような問題点を
見い出した。即ち、従来型水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タン
クに使用されている水素注入ノズルは、水素の噴き出し
方向がノズル軸方向に対し平行であるので、水素の注入
に際し、噴出された水素がそのままタンク内の水素吸蔵
合金に吹き当たる。よって、図３に示したように、水素
吸蔵合金粒子がタンク奥の方に押しやられることになる
が、この場合、細粒子ほど奥に押しやられることになる
ため、タンク内の水素吸蔵合金分布が場所的、粒度的に
偏在化する。ここで、水素吸蔵合金は水素を吸蔵すると
発熱膨張するが、水素吸蔵合金が偏在化し高密度になっ
た部分（タンク奥）では、この発熱膨張の影響により温
度が異常に上昇するとともに、合金の膨張によって内圧
が異常に高まりタンク壁を強く押圧することとなる。こ
のように集中的局部的に加えられる発熱膨張作用は、タ
ンク壁面の疲労（例えば金属疲労）を招来する。つま
り、水素の貯蔵放出の繰り返しによって、タンク壁は次
第に疲労劣化し、タンクの歪みや変形、更には破裂等の
不測の事態を招くことになる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The inventors of the present invention
Based on the above situation, the conventional hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage, which stores hydrogen by storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy, was reviewed. As a result, the following problems were found. That is, the hydrogen injection nozzle used in the conventional hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage has a hydrogen injection direction parallel to the nozzle axis direction. It hits the hydrogen storage alloy. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 , the hydrogen storage alloy particles are pushed to the back of the tank. In this case, the finer particles are pushed to the back, the distribution of the hydrogen storage alloy in the tank is reduced. It is unevenly distributed in terms of location and granularity. Here, the hydrogen-absorbing alloy expands exothermically when it absorbs hydrogen, but in the part where the hydrogen-absorbing alloy is unevenly distributed and has a high density (at the back of the tank), the temperature rises abnormally due to the influence of this exothermic expansion, The internal pressure is abnormally increased by the expansion, and the tank wall is strongly pressed. Such a concentrated and locally applied heat-expanding action causes fatigue of the tank wall surface (for example, metal fatigue). In other words, the tank wall gradually fatigue-deteriorates due to the repeated storage and release of hydrogen, which leads to unexpected situations such as distortion and deformation of the tank and further rupture.
【０００５】本発明は、このような認識のもとで、水素
注入に際し、タンク内で水素吸蔵合金の偏在化が起こり
にくい水素注入ノズルを備えた水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金
タンクを提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage provided with a hydrogen injection nozzle in which the hydrogen storage alloy is less likely to be unevenly distributed in the tank during hydrogen injection. Aim.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明は、水素ガス噴き出し用の噴出孔を少なくと
も一つ有した水素注入ノズルが、タンクの長手方向の一
端に備えられた水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンクにおい
て、水素注入ノズルが、水素注入管と該注入管から噴き
出された水素の風向を調節する案内板とで構成され、前
記水素注入ノズルから噴き出される水素の噴き出し方向
ベクトルの少なくとも一つが、前記タンクの長手方向に
直交する方向成分を有していることを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydrogen injection nozzle having at least one ejection hole for ejecting hydrogen gas, comprising a hydrogen injection nozzle provided at one longitudinal end of a tank. In the storage hydrogen storage alloy tank, a hydrogen injection nozzle blows hydrogen from a hydrogen injection pipe and the injection pipe.
A guide plate for adjusting the wind direction of the discharged hydrogen, wherein at least one of the ejection direction vectors of the hydrogen ejected from the hydrogen injection nozzle has a direction component orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the tank. It is characterized by.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記の構成によれば、タンクの長手方向の一端
に設けられた水素噴出ノズルより噴き出される水素は、
長手方向以外の噴出方向成分を有しているので、水素吸
蔵合金粉末に当たる風圧が緩和される。したがって、水
素噴出圧によって水素吸蔵合金粉末がタンク内で飛散
し、偏在化する現象を緩和できる。よって、タンクへの
水素注入を効率的に行えるようになる。According to the above construction, hydrogen ejected from the hydrogen ejection nozzle provided at one end in the longitudinal direction of the tank is
Since it has an ejection direction component other than the longitudinal direction, the wind pressure applied to the hydrogen storage alloy powder is reduced. Therefore, the phenomenon that the hydrogen storage alloy powder scatters in the tank due to the hydrogen ejection pressure and is unevenly distributed can be mitigated. Therefore, hydrogen can be efficiently injected into the tank.
【０００８】[0008]
まず、本発明の参考例を図１に基づいて説明する。図１
は、円筒状の水素噴出部材の長手方向に沿って、水素ガ
ス噴出孔を８個配列してなる水素注入ノズルを備えた水
素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンクの断面模式図である。図１
中、１は水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンク本体、２は中空
棒状の水素噴出部材、３は水素ガス噴出孔、４はフィル
ター、５は水素ガス供給管であり、矢印の方向は水素ガ
スの噴き出し方向を示している。ここで、水素貯蔵用水
素吸蔵合金タンク本体１は、長手方向の一端に水素注入
ノズルの取付け口を有し、他端が閉じられた、長さ１５
９ｍｍ、直径３８ｍｍ、壁厚２ｍｍの大きさの円筒形状
をしたタンクである。また、水素注入ノズルは、後端側
に水素ガスから塵等を除去するためのフィルターが取り
付けられており、先端側には直径６．３５ｍｍ、長さ約
１５０ｍｍの中空棒状の水素噴出部２ａが取り付けられ
ている。そして、この水素噴出部２ａには、長手方向に
沿ってほぼ均等に８個の孔が配設され、各孔の内側には
水素ガスから塵等を除去するとともに、水素吸蔵合金の
流入を防止するために、それぞれ直径２．５ｍｍのフィ
ルター（２μｍ）が取り付けられている。なお、このよ
うな形状のタンク本体及び水素注入ノズルの材質は、ア
ルミニウム合金（Ａ５０５２）である。First, a reference example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage provided with a hydrogen injection nozzle having eight hydrogen gas ejection holes arranged along the longitudinal direction of a cylindrical hydrogen ejection member. FIG.
Among them, 1 is a hydrogen storage alloy tank main body for hydrogen storage, 2 is a hollow rod-shaped hydrogen ejection member, 3 is a hydrogen gas ejection hole, 4 is a filter, 5 is a hydrogen gas supply pipe, and the direction of the arrow is the ejection of hydrogen gas. Indicates the direction. Here, the hydrogen storage alloy tank body 1 for hydrogen storage has a mounting port for a hydrogen injection nozzle at one end in the longitudinal direction, and has a length of 15 with its other end closed.
This is a cylindrical tank having a size of 9 mm, a diameter of 38 mm, and a wall thickness of 2 mm. The hydrogen injection nozzle is provided with a filter for removing dust and the like from the hydrogen gas on the rear end side, and a hollow rod-shaped hydrogen ejection section 2a having a diameter of 6.35 mm and a length of about 150 mm is provided on the front end side. Is attached. Eight holes are arranged in the hydrogen jetting portion 2a substantially evenly along the longitudinal direction. Inside each hole, dust and the like are removed from the hydrogen gas, and the flow of the hydrogen storage alloy is prevented. In order to prevent this, a filter (2 μm) with a diameter of 2.5 mm each is attached. The material of the tank body and the hydrogen injection nozzle having such shapes is an aluminum alloy (A5052).
【０００９】〔実施例〕 次に、 本発明の実施例を図２（イ）〜（ハ）に基づいて
説明する。本実施例は、水素ガス注入管の前方に案内板
を設け、この案内板により注入管より噴き出された水素
ガスの進行方向を変更して、タンク長手方向と直交する
方向成分を形成させる方式の例である。[0009] EXAMPLES The following will describe a preferred embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 2 (a) to (c). In this embodiment , a guide plate is provided in front of the hydrogen gas injection pipe, and the guide plate changes the traveling direction of the hydrogen gas ejected from the injection pipe to form a direction component orthogonal to the tank longitudinal direction. This is an example.
【００１０】図２中、（イ）は、水素注入管の前方に円
板状の邪魔板（案内板）１２を配設し、注入管より噴き
出した水素ガスがこの邪魔板に当たって、長手方向と直
交する方向に曲がるよう構成した水素噴出部材である。
また、（ロ）は、円錐体の頂点を注入管側に配置し、円
錐側面を案内板１２として作用させて、注入管より噴き
出す素ガスを所定の方向に導くよう構成した水素噴出部
材である。更に（ハ）は、円錐体の側面を曲線状（ラッ
パ状）に形成して（ロ）の場合より長手方向と直交する
方向への曲げを大きくするよう構成した水素噴出部材で
ある。In FIG. 2A, a disk-shaped baffle plate (guide plate) 12 is disposed in front of the hydrogen injection pipe, and the hydrogen gas ejected from the injection pipe hits the baffle plate, and the baffle plate extends in the longitudinal direction. It is a hydrogen ejection member configured to bend in a direction orthogonal to the direction.
(B) is a hydrogen ejecting member configured such that the apex of the cone is arranged on the injection pipe side and the side surface of the cone acts as the guide plate 12 to guide the raw gas ejected from the injection pipe in a predetermined direction. . Further, (c) is a hydrogen ejecting member configured such that the side surface of the cone is formed in a curved shape (flapper shape) so that bending in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is larger than in (b).
【００１１】なお、上記実施例における案内板は、その
形状が特に限定されるものではな<く、所望する噴き出
し方向に適合する形状を適当に設定すればよい。更に、
上記実施例を示す図において、水素噴出部材がむき出し
の状態のままに描いてあるが、これらの水素噴出部材は
水素の噴き出しを妨害しない限りにおいて、カバーで覆
うことも可能である。The shape of the guide plate in the above embodiment is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set to a shape suitable for a desired jetting direction. Furthermore,
In the drawings showing the above-described embodiment, the hydrogen ejecting members are drawn in a bare state, but these hydrogen ejecting members can be covered with a cover as long as they do not hinder the ejection of hydrogen.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、水素吸蔵合金タンクへ
水素を注入する際、注入水素の風圧によりタンク内の合
金粉末がタンク奥に押しやられ、また飛散するため合金
分布が偏在化するという現象が抑制できる。このため、
本発明水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンクは、従来型水素貯
蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンクの場合のように、単位時間当た
りの水素注入量を注意深く制御しなくとも、前記合金粉
末の偏在化が生じ難い。よって、水素注入作業の短縮と
ともに、水素吸蔵合金の水素吸蔵膨張がタンクに金属疲
労等を生じさせる現象を防止できる。According to the present invention, when hydrogen is injected into a hydrogen storage alloy tank, the alloy powder in the tank is pushed to the back of the tank by the wind pressure of the injected hydrogen and is scattered, so that the alloy distribution is unevenly distributed. The phenomenon can be suppressed. For this reason,
In the hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage according to the present invention, unlike the conventional hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage, uneven distribution of the alloy powder hardly occurs without carefully controlling the hydrogen injection amount per unit time. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the hydrogen injection work and prevent the hydrogen storage expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy from causing a metal fatigue or the like in the tank.
【図１】本発明の参考例にかかる水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合
金タンクを示す断面模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage according to a reference example of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施例にかかる水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合
金タンクを示す断面模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】従来例にかかる水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンク
を示す断面模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage according to a conventional example .
１ 水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンク本体 ２ 水素噴出部材 ３ 噴出孔 1 hydrogen storage alloy tank body for hydrogen storage 2 hydrogen ejection member 3 ejection hole
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 堤 勝 守口市京阪本通２丁目18番地 三洋電機 株式会社内 (56)参考文献 実開 昭58−83426（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 平３−119559（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) F17C 11/00 Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Masaru Tsutsumi 2--18 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (56) References Japanese Utility Model 1983-83426 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 3-119559 (JP, U.S.A.) U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) F17C 11/00
Claims (1)
も一つ有した水素注入ノズルが、タンクの長手方向の一
端に備えられた水素貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンクにおい
て、前記水素注入ノズルが、水素注入管と該注入管から噴き
出された水素の風向を調節する案内板とで構成され、 前記水素注入ノズルから噴き出される水素の噴き出し方
向ベクトルの少なくとも一つが、前記タンクの長手方向
に直交する方向成分を有していることを特徴とする水素
貯蔵用水素吸蔵合金タンク。1. A hydrogen storage alloy tank for storing hydrogen, wherein a hydrogen injection nozzle having at least one ejection hole for ejecting hydrogen gas is provided at one longitudinal end of the tank. Spout from the tube and the injection tube
A guide plate for adjusting the wind direction of the discharged hydrogen, wherein at least one of the ejection direction vectors of the hydrogen ejected from the hydrogen injection nozzle has a direction component orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the tank. A hydrogen storage alloy tank for storing hydrogen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22887893A JP2951170B2 (en) | 1993-09-14 | 1993-09-14 | Hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22887893A JP2951170B2 (en) | 1993-09-14 | 1993-09-14 | Hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0783396A JPH0783396A (en) | 1995-03-28 |
| JP2951170B2 true JP2951170B2 (en) | 1999-09-20 |
Family
ID=16883282
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22887893A Expired - Lifetime JP2951170B2 (en) | 1993-09-14 | 1993-09-14 | Hydrogen storage alloy tank for hydrogen storage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2951170B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4729674B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2011-07-20 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Hydrogen storage tank and mobile body equipped with the same |
| DE102020213774A1 (en) | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-05 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Lance for a hydrogen tank container for a vehicle and hydrogen tank container for a vehicle |
| CN113203040B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-07-26 | 重庆大学 | Solid hydrogen storage tank for magnesium-based hydrogen storage |
-
1993
- 1993-09-14 JP JP22887893A patent/JP2951170B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0783396A (en) | 1995-03-28 |
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