JP2945784B2 - Hydroponic cultivation equipment - Google Patents
Hydroponic cultivation equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2945784B2 JP2945784B2 JP3143448A JP14344891A JP2945784B2 JP 2945784 B2 JP2945784 B2 JP 2945784B2 JP 3143448 A JP3143448 A JP 3143448A JP 14344891 A JP14344891 A JP 14344891A JP 2945784 B2 JP2945784 B2 JP 2945784B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid storage
- nutrient solution
- water
- supply
- storage part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、養液栽培装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】植物の養液栽培では、培養液の供給量お
よび供給頻度を、植物の生育状況に合わせて変更するこ
とにより植物の生育を制御することが好ましい。従来用
いられている養液栽培装置としては、例えば、実開昭６
１−５４３４８号公報、実開昭６０−１４９９６２号公
報に開示されている。すなわち、実開昭６１−５４３４
８号公報に開示されている養液栽培装置は、培養液の貯
液部と、栽培植物を該貯溜液部に接触させないように支
持する支持部と、該支持部上に載置され、栽培植物の根
の貫通を阻止しうる透水性部材と前記貯液部に貯溜され
た培養液を吸上げる吸上げ部材とからなるものである。
この養液栽培装置では、植物の根を底面に敷いた吸水部
材の上で湿気中に生育させている。このような底面に敷
いた吸水部材から水を供給する方式、すなわち底面給水
方式の養液栽培装置では、植物の樹勢を抑えることがで
きる。2. Description of the Related Art In hydroponic cultivation of plants, it is preferable to control the growth of plants by changing the supply amount and supply frequency of the culture solution in accordance with the growth conditions of the plants. Conventional hydroponic cultivation devices include, for example,
Nos. 1-54348 and 60-149962. In other words, the actual opening 61-5434
No. 8 discloses a nutrient solution cultivation apparatus, which includes a reservoir for a culture solution, a support for supporting a cultivated plant so as not to come into contact with the reservoir, and a cultivation device mounted on the support. It comprises a water-permeable member capable of preventing penetration of plant roots and a suction member for sucking up the culture solution stored in the storage portion.
In this hydroponic cultivation apparatus, the plant is grown in moisture on a water-absorbing member with the roots laid on the bottom surface. In a system for supplying water from a water-absorbing member laid on the bottom surface, that is, a bottom-water supply system, the vigor of a plant can suppress the tree vigor.
【０００３】また、実開昭６０−１４９９６２号公報に
開示される養液栽培装置は、培養液をベッド基部材上に
供給し得るように形成した長尺な養液栽培用ベッドにお
いて、ベッドの長手方向に対してほぼ直角の方向に傾斜
面を有し、かつ傾斜方向に沿って複数の凹状溝を上面に
形成したベッド基部材と、該ベッド基部材の高縁付近の
上方に配設した供給手段と、該ベッド基部材の低端縁下
方に配設した集液手段と、該ベッド基部材の上面に敷設
され、根の貫通を許さない透水性部材と、該透水性部材
の上に載置される保水性培地とからなることを特徴とす
るものである。この養液栽培装置では、養液を堪えず植
物の根周辺に供給して植物を生育させている。このよう
な養液を堪えず供給する方式、すなわち堪液循環方式の
養液栽培装置では、植物の樹勢をより旺盛にすることが
できる。[0003] Further, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 60-149962 is a long hydroponic cultivation bed formed so that a culture solution can be supplied onto a bed base member. A bed base member having an inclined surface in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and having a plurality of concave grooves formed on the upper surface along the inclined direction, and a bed base member disposed above the vicinity of a high edge of the bed base member; A supply unit, a liquid collecting unit disposed below a lower end edge of the bed base member, a water-permeable member laid on the upper surface of the bed base member and not allowing root to penetrate; And a water-retentive medium to be placed. In this hydroponic cultivation apparatus, the nutrient solution is not supplied and is supplied around the root of the plant to grow the plant. In a nutrient solution cultivation apparatus of such a type that nutrient solution is unbearably supplied, that is, a nutrient solution circulating system, the vigor of a plant can be enhanced.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】植物の生育は、葉、
茎、根といった栄養器官の成長が主として行われる栄養
生長と、開花、結実といった生殖器官の生長が主として
行われる生殖生長に分類できる。植物は、この栄養成長
および生殖生長が混在しながら生育して行き、そのバラ
ンスは生育の時期によって異なる。すなわち、生育初期
では、栄養生長が主体であり、生育中期では、栄養生長
と生殖生長が略同じ割合で進行し、生育後期では生殖生
長が主体である。養液栽培では、栄養生長には大量の養
液が必要であり、生殖生長にはあまり養液を必要としな
いことが知られている。このため、植物栽培では、養液
の供給量および供給頻度等の栽培条件を、生育段階に応
じて適宜変更することが望ましい。The growth of a plant is based on leaves,
It can be classified into vegetative growth in which the growth of vegetative organs such as stems and roots is mainly performed, and reproductive growth in which the growth of reproductive organs such as flowering and fruiting is mainly performed. Plants grow with this vegetative growth and reproductive growth mixed, and the balance varies depending on the growing season. That is, in the early growth stage, vegetative growth is mainly performed, in the middle growth stage, vegetative growth and reproductive growth progress at approximately the same ratio, and in the late growth stage, reproductive growth is mainly performed. It is known that in nutrient cultivation, a large amount of nutrient solution is required for vegetative growth, and so little nutrient solution is required for reproductive growth. For this reason, in plant cultivation, it is desirable to appropriately change cultivation conditions such as the supply amount and supply frequency of the nutrient solution according to the growth stage.
【０００５】しかしながら、上記説明した従来の養液栽
培装置では、養液の供給方法が一つに限られている。こ
のため、堪液循環方式の養液栽培装置は、生育初期の樹
勢を旺盛にするような時期には適しているが、生殖生長
が主体となる生育中期から生育後期ではあまり好ましく
ない。これに対して、底面吸水方式の養液栽培装置は、
生育後期には適しているが、生育初期には樹勢を抑制し
てしまう欠点がある。[0005] However, in the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus described above, the method of supplying the nutrient solution is limited to one. For this reason, the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus of the solid-liquid circulation type is suitable for a period when the vigor of the tree in the early stage of growth is vigorous, but is not so preferable in the middle stage to the late stage of growth in which reproductive growth is mainly performed. On the other hand, the hydroponic cultivation device of the bottom water absorption type,
It is suitable for late growth, but has the disadvantage of suppressing tree vigor in early growth.
【０００６】また、栽培する植物の種類によっても、最
適な養液の供給条件が異なる。特に、底面給水方式の養
液栽培装置は、１株あたりの養液吸収量が多い、キュウ
リやメロンなどの栽培では栄養生長に必要な養液を十分
に供給できないため、これらの作物の栽培には適用し得
なかった。[0006] The optimum conditions for supplying the nutrient solution also differ depending on the type of plant to be cultivated. In particular, the nutrient solution cultivation device of the bottom water supply method has a large amount of nutrient solution absorption per plant, and cultivation of cucumber and melon cannot supply sufficient nutrient solution necessary for nutrient growth. Could not be applied.
【０００７】本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたもの
であり、植物の生長時期および植物の種類に応じて養液
の供給条件を容易に変更することができる養液栽培装置
を提供するものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a nutrient solution cultivation apparatus capable of easily changing a nutrient solution supply condition according to a plant growth period and a plant type. It is.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、養液を貯溜す
る第１貯液部と、該第１貯液部の一端部に設けられた、
保水培地を前記第１貯液部よりも高い位置に載置するた
めの保水培地載置台と、該保水培地載置台の前記第１貯
液部とは反対側に設けられた第２貯液部と、前記第１貯
液部に前記養液を供給するための養液供給手段と、前記
第２貯液部の前記保水培地載置台とは反対側に設けられ
た第３貯液部と、該第３貯液部に貯溜された前記養液の
水位を調節する水位調節手段と、前記保水培地載置台お
よび前記第２貯液部にわたって敷設されかつその端部が
前記第３貯液部中に差し込まれている吸水シートとを具
備することを特徴とする養液栽培装置を提供する。According to the present invention, there is provided a first liquid storage section for storing a nutrient solution, and one end of the first liquid storage section,
A water retention medium mounting table for mounting the water retention medium at a position higher than the first liquid storage part, and a second liquid storage part provided on the opposite side of the water storage medium mounting table from the first liquid storage part A nutrient solution supply unit for supplying the nutrient solution to the first liquid storage unit, and a third liquid storage unit provided on a side of the second liquid storage unit opposite to the holding medium mounting table; A water level adjusting means for adjusting a water level of the nutrient solution stored in the third liquid storage part; and a water level adjusting means laid over the water-retaining medium mounting table and the second liquid storage part, and an end of which is provided in the third liquid storage part. And a water-absorbing sheet inserted into the hydroponic cultivation apparatus.
【０００９】ここで、吸水シート上面に、第１貯液部、
保水培地載置台、第２貯液部及び第３貯液部にわたっ
て、透水防根シートを敷置しても良い。また、第３貯液
部内部に貯溜された養液の水位を感知するセンサーと、
該センサーからの出力信号に応じて養液供給手段からの
前記養液の供給を制御する養液供給制御手段を設けるこ
ともできる。Here, a first liquid storage section is provided on the upper surface of the water absorbing sheet.
A permeable root-prevention sheet may be laid over the water-retaining medium mounting table, the second liquid storage part, and the third liquid storage part. A sensor for detecting a water level of the nutrient solution stored in the third liquid storage unit;
A nutrient solution supply control means for controlling the supply of the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means according to the output signal from the sensor may be provided.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】本発明の養液栽培装置によれば、養液供給手段
から第１貯液部に養液が供給されると、保水培地載置台
を越えて第２貯液部に供給され、さらに過剰量の養液は
第３貯液部に流入する。一方、養液供給手段からの養液
の供給が全くないか、少ないときには、第３貯液部に端
部が差し込まれた吸水シートを介して養液が第２貯液部
に供給される。この際、第３貯液部に貯溜された養液の
水位は、水位調節装置によって制御される。第３貯液部
から第２貯液部に供給される養液の量は、第３貯液部に
貯溜された養液の水位に比例するので、第３貯液部内の
養液の水位を調節することにより、第３貯液部から第２
貯液部へ供給される養液量が調節される。さらに、第１
貯液部に養液を常時貯溜させ、一方、第２貯液部には養
液を貯溜させずに第３貯液部から吸水シートを介して養
液を徐々に供給するようにして、養液を異なる供給方法
により同時に植物に供給することができる。これによ
り、植物への養液の供給条件を微調節することができ
る。According to the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus of the present invention, when the nutrient solution is supplied from the nutrient solution supply means to the first liquid storage portion, the nutrient solution is supplied to the second liquid storage portion over the water-retaining medium mounting table, and An excessive amount of nutrient solution flows into the third reservoir. On the other hand, when there is no or little supply of the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means, the nutrient solution is supplied to the second liquid storage unit via the water absorbing sheet whose end is inserted into the third liquid storage unit. At this time, the water level of the nutrient solution stored in the third liquid storage unit is controlled by the water level adjustment device. Since the amount of the nutrient solution supplied from the third liquid storage unit to the second liquid storage unit is proportional to the water level of the nutrient solution stored in the third liquid storage unit, the water level of the nutrient solution in the third liquid storage unit is adjusted. By adjusting, the second liquid from the third reservoir
The amount of nutrient solution supplied to the reservoir is adjusted. Furthermore, the first
The nutrient solution is constantly stored in the liquid storage portion, while the nutrient solution is gradually supplied from the third liquid storage portion via the water absorbing sheet without storing the nutrient solution in the second liquid storage portion. The liquor can be simultaneously supplied to the plant by different supply methods. Thereby, the supply conditions of the nutrient solution to the plant can be finely adjusted.
【００１１】また、第３貯液部内部に貯溜された養液の
水位をセンサーにより感知し、センサーの出力信号に応
じて、養液供給制御手段を作動・停止させて、養液供給
手段からの養液供給を開始・停止させることにより、第
２貯液部に貯溜される養液の量を自動的に制御すること
ができる。Further, the level of the nutrient solution stored in the third storage portion is sensed by a sensor, and the nutrient solution supply control means is operated / stopped according to the output signal of the sensor, and the nutrient solution is supplied from the nutrient solution supply means. By starting and stopping the supply of the nutrient solution, the amount of the nutrient solution stored in the second liquid storage unit can be automatically controlled.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について、図面を参照
して詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明の養液栽培装置の
一例を示す説明図であり、図２は、同実施例の養液栽培
装置の要部を示す平面図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a main part of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the embodiment.
【００１３】図中１１は、第１貯液部１２と、第１貯液
部１２の一端部に設けられた、保水培地１５を第１貯液
部１２よりも高い位置に載置するための保水培地載置台
１３と、保水培地載置台１３の第１貯液部１２と反対側
に設けられた第２貯液部１４とを有するベッドである。
第１貯液部１２の保水培地載置台１３の反対側には、養
液供給用溝１６が形成されている。保水培地載置台１３
の保水培地１５が載置される平面部の第１貯液部１２か
らの高さは、保水培地１５の底面が第１貯液部１２及び
第２貯液部１４に貯溜された養液に直接接触せず、かつ
後述する吸水シート１７により養液を吸い上げることが
できる程度に設定される。一方、第２貯液部１４の保水
培地載置台１３とは反対側端部には、第２貯液部１４よ
りも深い深さを有する第３貯液部１８が連設されてい
る。養液供給用溝１６よりの外側のベッド１１の外側縁
部には、シート固定用溝１９が設けられている。In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a first liquid storage unit 12 and a water storage medium 15 provided at one end of the first liquid storage unit 12 for mounting the liquid storage medium 15 at a position higher than the first liquid storage unit 12. The bed has a water retention medium mounting table 13 and a second liquid storage unit 14 provided on the opposite side of the first liquid storage unit 12 of the water retention medium mounting table 13.
A nutrient solution supply groove 16 is formed in the first liquid storage unit 12 on the opposite side of the water retention medium mounting table 13. Retaining medium mounting table 13
The height of the flat part on which the water-retaining medium 15 is placed from the first liquid storage part 12 is set so that the bottom surface of the water-retention medium 15 is equal to the nutrient solution stored in the first liquid storage part 12 and the second liquid storage part 14. It is set to such an extent that the nutrient solution can be sucked up by the water-absorbing sheet 17 described below without direct contact. On the other hand, a third liquid storage part 18 having a deeper depth than the second liquid storage part 14 is provided continuously at an end of the second liquid storage part 14 opposite to the water-retaining medium mounting table 13. A sheet fixing groove 19 is provided on the outer edge of the bed 11 outside the nutrient solution supply groove 16.
【００１４】さらに、第２貯液部１８を中心として対称
的に、第２貯液部２１、保水培地載置台２２、第１貯液
部２３及び養液供給用溝２４を順次有するベッド２０が
配置されている。養液供給用溝２４よりも外側のベッド
２０の外側縁部には、シート固定用溝２５が形成されて
いる。Further, symmetrically with respect to the second liquid storage section 18, a bed 20 having a second liquid storage section 21, a water-retaining medium mounting table 22, a first liquid storage section 23, and a nutrient solution supply groove 24 in order is provided. Are located. A sheet fixing groove 25 is formed on the outer edge of the bed 20 outside the nutrient solution supply groove 24.
【００１５】養液供給用溝１６，２４、第１貯液部１
２，２３、保水培地載置台１３，２２および第２貯液部
１４，２１の表面を覆うようにして防水シート２６が敷
かれている。防水シート２６は、例えば、ポリエチレ
ン、ビニール等からなる。Nutrient solution supply grooves 16, 24, first liquid storage unit 1
A waterproof sheet 26 is laid so as to cover the surfaces of the water storage medium mounting tables 13 and 22 and the second liquid storage sections 14 and 21. The waterproof sheet 26 is made of, for example, polyethylene, vinyl, or the like.
【００１６】防水シート２６が敷かれた養液供給用溝１
６，２４内には、周囲に多数の小孔が開けられた養液供
給用チューブ２８，２９が夫々配置されている。養液供
給用チューブ２８，２９は、供給用ポンプ４２を介して
養液タンク４１に接続されている。A nutrient solution supply groove 1 on which a waterproof sheet 26 is laid.
Nutrient supply tubes 28 and 29 having a number of small holes formed therein are arranged in the tubes 6 and 24, respectively. The nutrient solution supply tubes 28 and 29 are connected to a nutrient solution tank 41 via a supply pump 42.
【００１７】保水培地載置台１３，２２及び第２貯液部
１４，２１の表面領域の防水シート２６上には、吸水シ
ート１７が敷かれている。吸水シート１７の第３貯液部
１８側の端部は、第３貯液部１８の内部に、貯溜された
養液２７に浸漬されるように差し込まれている。吸水シ
ート１７は、例えば毛細管作用により養液を吸い上げる
ことができるものであり、例えば、不織布、ロックウー
ルシート、フエルト、ウレタンである。A water-absorbing sheet 17 is placed on the waterproof sheet 26 in the surface area of the water-retaining medium mounting tables 13 and 22 and the second liquid storage sections 14 and 21. The end of the water absorbing sheet 17 on the third liquid storage portion 18 side is inserted into the third liquid storage portion 18 so as to be immersed in the stored nutrient solution 27. The water absorbing sheet 17 is capable of sucking up a nutrient solution by, for example, a capillary action, and is, for example, a nonwoven fabric, a rock wool sheet, felt, or urethane.
【００１８】さらに、一方のシート固定用溝１９、第１
貯液部１２，保水培地載置台１３、第２貯液部１４、第
３貯液部１８、反対側の第２貯液部２１、保水培地載置
台２２、第１貯液部２３及びシート固定用溝２５を覆う
ようにして、透水防根シート３０が敷かれている。透水
防根シート３０は、少なくとも第１貯液部１２，２３、
保水培地載置台１３，２２および第２貯液部１４，２１
の上では吸水シート１７或いは防水シート２６と密着す
るように敷かれている。透水防根シート３０は、植物の
根３１が吸水シート１７に達するのを防止でき、かつ吸
水性を有するものであり、例えば、ルートン（商品名：
誠和化学社製）、防根透水シート（商品名：東洋紡績社
製）等である。Further, one of the sheet fixing grooves 19, the first
Liquid storage unit 12, water storage medium mounting table 13, second liquid storage unit 14, third liquid storage unit 18, opposite second liquid storage unit 21, water storage medium mounting table 22, first liquid storage unit 23, and sheet fixing The water-permeable root-prevention sheet 30 is laid so as to cover the groove 25. The permeable root prevention sheet 30 includes at least the first liquid storage sections 12 and 23,
Retaining medium mounting tables 13, 22 and second liquid storage units 14, 21
Is placed so as to be in close contact with the water-absorbing sheet 17 or the waterproof sheet 26. The water-permeable root-prevention sheet 30 can prevent the plant roots 31 from reaching the water-absorbent sheet 17 and has water absorbency. For example, Luton (trade name:
Seiwa Chemical Co., Ltd.) and Root-proof water-permeable sheet (trade name: Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
【００１９】このようなベッド１１，２０の上方を覆う
ようにして、保水培地支持板３２が設けられている。保
水培地支持板３２には、図２に示す如く、保水培地載置
台１３，２２の上に載置された保水培地１５を保持する
ための保持孔５１…が、保水培地載置台１３，２２に対
応した箇所に、互いに所定の間隔をおいて設けられてい
る。また、保水培地支持板３２の両側端部には、凸部３
３，３４が設けられている。凸部３３，３４は、防水シ
ート２６のシート固定用溝１９，２５側の端部および透
水防根シート３０の両端部を挟み込むようにして、シー
ト固定用溝１９，２５に嵌合されている。A water retention medium support plate 32 is provided so as to cover the upper portions of the beds 11 and 20. As shown in FIG. 2, holding holes 51 for holding the water holding medium 15 placed on the water holding medium mounting tables 13 and 22 are formed in the water holding medium supporting plate 32 on the water holding medium mounting tables 13 and 22. At corresponding locations, they are provided at a predetermined interval from each other. In addition, convex portions 3 are provided at both end portions of the water retention medium support plate 32.
3, 34 are provided. The protrusions 33 and 34 are fitted into the sheet fixing grooves 19 and 25 so as to sandwich the ends of the waterproof sheet 26 on the sheet fixing grooves 19 and 25 side and both ends of the water-permeable root protection sheet 30. .
【００２０】一方、第３貯液部１８は、底部に接続され
たパイプ３５を介して水位調節槽３６に連通している。
水位調節槽３６の内部は、高さの異なる複数個の排液孔
３７…を有する仕切板３８により、パイプ３５が接続さ
れた第３貯液部側と、排水パイプ３９を介して養液タン
ク４１に連通する排液側とに仕切られている。仕切板３
８の排液孔３７…には、水位調節槽３６の第２貯液部側
に貯溜させる養液４０の水位に応じて栓４３…が嵌めら
れている。また、水位調節槽３６の第３貯液部側には、
養液４０の水位を検知するためのセンサー４４が挿設さ
れている。センサー４４の最下端は、最下段の排水孔３
７の下縁の高さより、所定の距離（例えば、１〜１０m
m）下げた位置に定められている。センサー４４は、養
液供給制御手段４５の入力側に電気的に接続されてい
る。養液供給制御手段４５の出力側には、供給用ポンプ
４２が電気的に接続されている。On the other hand, the third liquid storage section 18 communicates with a water level adjusting tank 36 via a pipe 35 connected to the bottom.
The inside of the water level adjusting tank 36 is connected to a third liquid storage part side connected to a pipe 35 by a partition plate 38 having a plurality of drain holes 37 having different heights, and a nutrient solution tank through a drain pipe 39. The liquid is connected to a drainage side communicating with the drain 41. Partition plate 3
8 are fitted with plugs 43 in accordance with the water level of the nutrient solution 40 to be stored in the second storage portion side of the water level adjusting tank 36. Further, on the third liquid storage part side of the water level adjusting tank 36,
A sensor 44 for detecting the water level of the nutrient solution 40 is inserted. The lowermost end of the sensor 44 is located at the lowermost drain hole 3.
7, a predetermined distance (for example, 1 to 10 m) from the height of the lower edge
m) Set in the lowered position. The sensor 44 is electrically connected to the input side of the nutrient solution supply control unit 45. The supply pump 42 is electrically connected to the output side of the nutrient solution supply control means 45.
【００２１】以上のような構成からなる養液栽培装置１
０によれば、供給用ポンプ４２により養液タンク４１か
ら養液供給用チューブ２８、２９を介して養液供給用溝
１６，２４に養液を供給すると、供給された養液は、第
１貯液部１２，２３に貯溜され、保水培地載置台１３，
２２を越えて第２貯液部１４，２１に流入し貯溜され
る。過剰量の養液は第３貯液部１８に流入する。流入し
た養液は、パイプ３５を経て水位調節槽３６内部に貯溜
され、第３貯液部１８にも養液２７が貯溜される。この
とき、仕切板３８は、所定の高さの排液孔３７まで栓４
３が嵌め込まれている。このため、栓４３が嵌め込まれ
ていない一番低い排液孔３７まで養液４０の水位が上が
ると、その排液孔３７から養液４０が排液側に排出され
るので、水位調節槽３６内部の養液４０の水位は、栓４
３が嵌め込まれていない排液孔３７の下縁の高さに維持
される。第３貯液部１８と水位調節槽３６の底部は相互
に連通しているので、第３貯液部１８に貯溜された養液
２７の水位と、水位調節槽３６内部の養液４０の水位は
同じになる。Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 having the above configuration
According to No. 0, when the nutrient solution is supplied from the nutrient solution tank 41 to the nutrient solution supply grooves 16 and 24 via the nutrient solution supply tubes 28 and 29 by the supply pump 42, the supplied nutrient solution becomes the first nutrient solution. It is stored in the liquid storage units 12 and 23, and
The liquid flows into the second liquid storage sections 14 and 21 over the area 22 and is stored. The excess nutrient solution flows into the third liquid storage 18. The infused nutrient solution is stored inside the water level adjusting tank 36 via the pipe 35, and the nutrient solution 27 is also stored in the third liquid storage unit 18. At this time, the partition plate 38 is inserted into the stopper 4 until the drain hole 37 of a predetermined height is reached.
3 is fitted. For this reason, when the water level of the nutrient solution 40 rises to the lowest drain hole 37 into which the stopper 43 is not fitted, the nutrient solution 40 is discharged from the drain hole 37 to the drain side, so that the water level adjusting tank 36 The level of the nutrient solution 40 inside the stopper 4
3 is maintained at the height of the lower edge of the drainage hole 37 into which is not fitted. Since the third liquid storage part 18 and the bottom of the water level control tank 36 communicate with each other, the water level of the nutrient solution 27 stored in the third liquid storage part 18 and the water level of the nutrient solution 40 inside the water level control tank 36 Will be the same.
【００２２】また、養液が植物に吸収されたり、自然に
蒸発するなどして、第３貯液部１８の養液２７の水位が
下がると、水位調節槽３６の養液４０の水位も下がる。
このとき、養液４０の水位がセンサー４４よりも下がっ
たときには、センサ−４４からの出力信号に応じて養液
供給制御手段４５が制御信号を出力し、供給用ポンプ４
２を作動させて養液の供給を行うことができる。また、
供給用ポンプ４２に２４時間タイマーを接続して、所定
時間だけ養液の供給を行なわせることもできる。When the level of the nutrient solution 27 in the third reservoir 18 decreases due to the absorption of the nutrient solution by the plants or the natural evaporation thereof, the level of the nutrient solution 40 in the water level adjusting tank 36 also decreases. .
At this time, when the water level of the nutrient solution 40 falls below the sensor 44, the nutrient solution supply control means 45 outputs a control signal in response to the output signal from the sensor 44, and the supply pump 4
2 can be operated to supply the nutrient solution. Also,
A 24-hour timer may be connected to the supply pump 42 to supply the nutrient solution for a predetermined time.
【００２３】また、供給ポンプ４２からの養液の供給を
停止または減少させると、第２貯液部１４，２１に養液
がほとんど貯溜されなくなる。この場合、吸水シート１
７が、第３貯液部１８に貯溜された養液２７を吸い上げ
て、第２貯液部１４，２１に養液を供給する。When the supply of the nutrient solution from the supply pump 42 is stopped or reduced, the nutrient solution is hardly stored in the second liquid storage portions 14 and 21. In this case, the water absorbing sheet 1
7 sucks up the nutrient solution 27 stored in the third storage portion 18 and supplies the nutrient solution to the second storage portions 14 and 21.
【００２４】また、第１貯液部１２，２３には、養液を
常時貯溜させ、第２貯液部１４，２１には養液が長時間
貯溜されないように、第１貯液部１２，２３と第２貯液
部１４，２１とで異なった養液供給条件に設定すること
ができる。The first liquid storage units 12 and 23 store the nutrient solution at all times, and the second liquid storage units 14 and 21 prevent the nutrient solution from being stored for a long time. Different nutrient solution supply conditions can be set for 23 and the second liquid storage units 14 and 21.
【００２５】防水シート２６によれば、養液がベッド１
１，２０に浸透するのを防止でき、透水防根シート３０
によって、植物の根が吸水シート１７に侵入するのを防
ぐことができる。According to the waterproof sheet 26, the nutrient solution is supplied to the bed 1
1, 20 can be prevented from penetrating,
Thereby, it is possible to prevent the roots of the plant from entering the water absorbing sheet 17.
【００２６】上記説明したような養液栽培装置１０によ
れば、次のように必要に応じて、養液の供給方法を変更
することができる。すなわち、大量の養液を必要とする
植物の生育初期には、供給用ポンプ４２により養液を絶
えず供給して、第１貯液部１２，２３、第２貯液部１
４，２１及び第３貯液部１８に養液を循環させるか、供
給用ポンプ４２を２４時間タイマーなどにより断続的に
作動させて、第１貯液部１２，２３及び第２貯液部１
４，２１に大量の養液を貯溜させて、所謂、堪液循環方
式による養液供給を行うことができる。これにより、生
長初期における植物の栄養生長が促進されて植物の樹勢
が旺盛になる。According to the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus 10 described above, the method of supplying the nutrient solution can be changed as necessary as follows. That is, in the initial stage of the growth of a plant requiring a large amount of nutrient solution, the nutrient solution is constantly supplied by the supply pump 42, and the first liquid storage units 12, 23 and the second liquid storage unit 1 are supplied.
4, 21 and the third liquid storage unit 18, or the supply pump 42 is operated intermittently by a 24-hour timer or the like, so that the first liquid storage units 12, 23 and the second liquid storage unit 1 are operated.
A large amount of nutrient solution can be stored in 4, 21 to supply a nutrient solution by a so-called solid solution circulation system. As a result, the vegetative growth of the plant in the early growth stage is promoted, and the vigor of the plant is increased.
【００２７】植物の生育中期には、供給用ポンプ４２に
よる養液の供給を中止する。すると、第３貯液部１８に
貯溜された養液２７が、吸水シート１７により吸い上げ
られ、第２貯液部１４，２１に供給される。吸い上げら
れる養液の量は、第３貯液部１８に貯溜される養液２７
の水位に比例する。すなわち、吸い上げられる養液の量
は、養液２７中に浸漬された吸水シート１７の端部の長
さによって決定される。従って、水位調節槽３６によ
り、上述のように第３貯液部１８の養液２７の水位を調
節することにより、吸い上げられる養液の量を調節する
ことができる。In the middle stage of plant growth, the supply of nutrient solution by the supply pump 42 is stopped. Then, the nutrient solution 27 stored in the third liquid storage section 18 is sucked up by the water absorbing sheet 17 and supplied to the second liquid storage sections 14 and 21. The amount of the nutrient solution to be sucked is determined by the nutrient solution 27 stored in the third liquid storage unit 18.
Is proportional to the water level. That is, the amount of the nutrient solution to be sucked up is determined by the length of the end of the water-absorbing sheet 17 immersed in the nutrient solution 27. Therefore, by adjusting the water level of the nutrient solution 27 in the third liquid storage unit 18 by the water level adjustment tank 36 as described above, the amount of the nutrient solution that is sucked up can be adjusted.
【００２８】一方、養液供給制御手段４５により供給用
ポンプ４２を作動・停止することにより、または、供給
用ポンプ４２を２４時間タイマーにより断続的に作動さ
せることにより、第１貯液部１２，２３に養液を常時若
しくは間欠的に貯溜させることができる。On the other hand, by operating / stopping the supply pump 42 by the nutrient solution supply control means 45, or by operating the supply pump 42 intermittently by a 24-hour timer, the first liquid storage unit 12, The nutrient solution can be constantly or intermittently stored in 23.
【００２９】このようにして、第３貯液部１８内の養液
２７の水位を徐々に下げることにより、第２貯液部１
４，２１内の養液量を少なくして、第２貯液部１４，２
１の植物の根３１を湿潤雰囲気中に露出させて、所謂、
底面吸水式の養液供給に容易に切り替えることができ
る。また、第１貯液部１２，２３だけに養液を常時若し
くは間欠的に貯溜させ、第２貯液部１４，２１内の養液
量を少なくなるように設定することができる。これによ
り、根３１の一方（第１貯液部１２，２３中）を常時養
液中に入れておき、根３１の他方（第２貯液部１４，２
１）を湿気中にさらすようにすることができる。このよ
うに、第１貯液部１２，２３及び第２貯液部１４，２１
における養液の供給条件を同時に異なる条件に設定でき
るので、生育中期における栄養生長及び生殖生長が混在
する生長時期に合わせて、養液の供給条件を容易に微調
節することができる。As described above, by gradually lowering the water level of the nutrient solution 27 in the third liquid storage section 18, the second liquid storage section 1
4 and 21, the amount of nutrient solution in the second liquid storage section 14, 2 is reduced.
Exposing the root 31 of the plant 1 in a humid atmosphere,
It can be easily switched to bottom-water absorption type nutrient solution supply. Further, the nutrient solution can be set so as to always or intermittently store the nutrient solution only in the first liquid storage portions 12 and 23 and to reduce the amount of the nutrient solution in the second liquid storage portions 14 and 21. Thereby, one of the roots 31 (in the first liquid storage sections 12 and 23) is always kept in the nutrient solution, and the other of the roots 31 (in the second liquid storage sections 14 and 2).
1) can be exposed to moisture. Thus, the first liquid storage units 12 and 23 and the second liquid storage units 14 and 21
Can be simultaneously set to different conditions, so that the nutrient solution supply conditions can be easily fine-tuned according to the growth period in which vegetative growth and reproductive growth coexist in the middle stage of growth.
【００３０】さらに、生殖生長を主体とする生育後期に
は養液をあまり必要としないので、第３貯液部１８内の
養液２７の水位をさらに低くすると共に、供給用ポンプ
４２による養液の供給を停止して、第１貯液部１２，２
３及び第２貯液部１４，２１に長時間養液が溜まらない
ようにして植物を栽培することができる。また、この際
に、供給用ポンプ４２を暫時作動させて、養液を間欠供
給することもできる。以上説明した如く、養液栽培装置
１０によれば、養液の供給方法を容易に変更することが
できると共に、養液の供給量を容易に調節することがで
きる。また、第１貯液部１２，２３と、第２貯液部１
４，２１において同時に異なる供給方法により養液を供
給することができるので、養液の供給条件を容易に微調
節することができる。この結果、植物の生育時期に応じ
て最も適した養液の供給条件に容易に設定できる。ま
た、植物の種類に応じて最も適した養液の供給条件を設
定することができるので、養液栽培し得る植物の適用範
囲を拡大することができる。Further, since the nutrient solution is not much needed in the late growth stage mainly for reproductive growth, the water level of the nutrient solution 27 in the third reservoir 18 is further lowered, and the nutrient solution is supplied by the supply pump 42. Is stopped, and the first liquid storage units 12 and 2 are stopped.
The plant can be cultivated so that the nutrient solution does not accumulate in the third and second reservoirs 14 and 21 for a long time. At this time, the supply pump 42 may be operated for a while to supply the nutrient solution intermittently. As described above, according to the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus 10, the supply method of the nutrient solution can be easily changed, and the supply amount of the nutrient solution can be easily adjusted. Also, the first liquid storage units 12 and 23 and the second liquid storage unit 1
Since the nutrient solution can be simultaneously supplied by different supply methods in the steps 4 and 21, the supply conditions of the nutrient solution can be easily finely adjusted. As a result, it is possible to easily set the most suitable nutrient solution supply conditions according to the growing season of the plant. Further, since the most suitable nutrient solution supply conditions can be set according to the type of plant, the applicable range of plants that can be nutrient cultivated can be expanded.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】以上説明した如くに、本発明の養液栽培
装置によれば、養液の供給方法を容易に変更することが
できる。また、植物に異なる供給方法により同時に養液
を供給することができる。この結果、植物の生長時期お
よび植物の種類に応じて養液の供給条件を容易に変更で
きると共に、養液の供給量を容易に調節することができ
る等顕著な効果を有するものである。As described above, according to the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the method of supplying nutrient solution can be easily changed. Further, the nutrient solution can be simultaneously supplied to the plants by different supply methods. As a result, the supply conditions of the nutrient solution can be easily changed in accordance with the growth period of the plant and the type of the plant, and the remarkable effect is obtained such that the supply amount of the nutrient solution can be easily adjusted.
【図１】本発明の養液栽培装置の一例を示す説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention.
【図２】同実施例の養液栽培装置の要部を示す平面図。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a main part of the hydroponic device of the embodiment.
１０…養液栽培装置、１１，２０…ベッド、１２，２３
…第１貯液部、１３，２２…保水培地載置台、１４，２
１…第２貯液部、１５…保水培地、１６，２４…養液供
給用溝、１７…吸水シート、１８…第３貯液部、２６…
防水シート、２８，２９…養液供給用チューブ、３０…
透水防根シート、３２…保水培地支持板、３５…パイ
プ、３６…水位調節槽、４１…養液タンク、４２…供給
用ポンプ、４４…センサー、４５…養液供給制御手段。10 ... hydroponic cultivation device, 11, 20 ... bed, 12, 23
... First liquid storage unit, 13,22 ... Retaining medium mounting table, 14,2
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 2nd liquid storage part, 15 ... Retention medium, 16, 24 ... Nutrient supply groove, 17 ... Water absorption sheet, 18 ... 3rd liquid storage part, 26 ...
Waterproof sheet, 28, 29 ... nutrient solution supply tube, 30 ...
Permeable root-prevention sheet, 32: water retention medium support plate, 35: pipe, 36: water level adjusting tank, 41: nutrient solution tank, 42: supply pump, 44: sensor, 45: nutrient solution supply control means.
Claims (3)
液部の一端部に設けられた、保水培地を前記第１貯液部
よりも高い位置に載置するための保水培地載置台と、該
保水培地載置台の前記第１貯液部とは反対側に設けられ
た第２貯液部と、前記第１貯液部に前記養液を供給する
ための養液供給手段と、前記第２貯液部の前記保水培地
載置台とは反対側に設けられた第３貯液部と、該第３貯
液部に貯溜された前記養液の水位を調節する水位調節手
段と、前記保水培地載置台および前記第２貯液部にわた
って敷設されかつその端部が前記第３貯液部中に差し込
まれている吸水シートとを具備することを特徴とする養
液栽培装置。1. A first liquid storage unit for storing a nutrient solution, and a water storage medium provided at one end of the first liquid storage unit for mounting the water retaining medium at a position higher than the first liquid storage unit. A water-retaining medium mounting table, a second liquid storage part provided on the opposite side of the water-retention medium mounting table from the first liquid storage part, and a nutrient solution for supplying the nutrient liquid to the first liquid storage part Supply means, a third liquid storage part provided on the second liquid storage part on a side opposite to the water-retaining medium mounting table, and a water level for adjusting a water level of the nutrient solution stored in the third liquid storage part Nutrient cultivation comprising adjusting means, and a water-absorbing sheet laid over the water-holding medium mounting table and the second liquid storage part and having an end inserted into the third liquid storage part. apparatus.
地載置台、第２貯液部及び第３貯液部にわたって敷置さ
れている透水防根シートを具備することを特徴とする請
求項１記載の養液栽培装置。2. A water-absorbing sheet is provided on the upper surface of a water-absorbent sheet, with a water-permeable root-prevention sheet laid over the first liquid storage section, the water-retaining medium mounting table, the second liquid storage section, and the third liquid storage section. The nutrient solution cultivation apparatus according to claim 1.
を感知するセンサーと、該センサーからの出力信号に応
じて養液供給手段からの前記養液の供給を制御する養液
供給制御手段を有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の
養液栽培装置。3. A sensor for sensing a water level of a nutrient solution stored in a third liquid storage part, and a nutrient solution for controlling supply of the nutrient solution from a nutrient solution supply unit in accordance with an output signal from the sensor. The hydroponic cultivation device according to claim 1, further comprising a supply control unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3143448A JP2945784B2 (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1991-06-14 | Hydroponic cultivation equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3143448A JP2945784B2 (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1991-06-14 | Hydroponic cultivation equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04370045A JPH04370045A (en) | 1992-12-22 |
| JP2945784B2 true JP2945784B2 (en) | 1999-09-06 |
Family
ID=15338940
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3143448A Expired - Lifetime JP2945784B2 (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1991-06-14 | Hydroponic cultivation equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2945784B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5569776B2 (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2014-08-13 | 株式会社安藤・間 | Hydroponic cultivation equipment |
| JP5456605B2 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2014-04-02 | 日本山村硝子株式会社 | Plant cultivation machine with simplified hygiene management and cleaning method thereof |
| JP2012170350A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-09-10 | Ran Techno:Kk | Water-saving irrigation control system, and irrigation control method |
| JP6206802B2 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2017-10-04 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Hydroponics equipment |
| US20150342127A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-03 | Roto-gro Inc. | Growing Tray and Cap for Rotating Hydroponic Gardening |
| US20180325053A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2018-11-15 | Roto-gro Inc. | Growing Tray and Cap for Rotating Hydroponic Gardening |
| DE102016121126B3 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-01-18 | Farmers Cut GmbH | Climatically sealed climate cell for the cultivation of plants indoors |
| CN107926676A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 无锡微云农业科技有限公司 | The breeding apparatus and breeding method of a kind of water culture |
-
1991
- 1991-06-14 JP JP3143448A patent/JP2945784B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04370045A (en) | 1992-12-22 |
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