JP2799145B2 - Waste sorting equipment - Google Patents
Waste sorting equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2799145B2 JP2799145B2 JP22459694A JP22459694A JP2799145B2 JP 2799145 B2 JP2799145 B2 JP 2799145B2 JP 22459694 A JP22459694 A JP 22459694A JP 22459694 A JP22459694 A JP 22459694A JP 2799145 B2 JP2799145 B2 JP 2799145B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sieve
- waste
- compartment
- air
- wind
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、一般系廃棄物及び建
設廃棄物処理施設などに使用する廃棄物の選別装置、特
に比重の異なる複合廃棄物の選別処理に好適な選別装置
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for sorting general waste and waste used in construction waste disposal facilities, and more particularly to an apparatus suitable for sorting complex wastes having different specific gravities. .
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、この種の選別装置として、例えば
この発明の出願人が先に提案した廃棄物の回転選別装置
が知られている(特開平4-358578号公報)。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a sorter of this type, for example, a rotary sorter for wastes previously proposed by the applicant of the present invention is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-358578).
【0003】この選別装置は、回転ローラ上に、両端が
開口し、かつ内部に多数の逆送り用の掻き上げ板を有す
る円筒状スクリーンをほぼ水平に載置し、このスクリー
ン内に、両端が開口し、かつ内部に送りスクリューを有
する輸送管を該スクリーンの前端開口から中ほどまで延
設させて適宜の間隔をもって同心状に配設し、この間隔
を環状通路とするとともに、スクリーンの前端開口側に
複数個の空気供給管を環状通路と輸送管に向けて配設し
たものである。[0003] In this sorting apparatus, a cylindrical screen having both ends opened and a large number of scraping plates for reverse feeding is placed substantially horizontally on a rotating roller, and both ends are placed inside the screen. A transport pipe having an opening and having a feed screw therein extends from the front end opening of the screen to the middle and is disposed concentrically at an appropriate interval, and this interval is used as an annular passage, and the front end opening of the screen is provided. A plurality of air supply pipes are arranged on the side toward the annular passage and the transport pipe.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記従
来の回転選別装置は次のような問題がある。 イ)輸送管から円筒状スクリーンに落下する廃棄物のう
ち、比較的重い針金や木片(特に細長いもの)が該スク
リーンの回転作用でスクリーン内を擦って篩孔に引っ掛
かり易く、一旦引っ掛かると次第に成長し、ついには篩
孔を閉塞する問題がある。 ロ)軽量のプラスチック(シートや袋状のもの、スポン
ジ、断熱材)や紙などの廃棄物は円筒状スクリーン内へ
の送風により吹き飛ばす必要があるが、このときの風量
は、スクリーンの実際に篩効果を示す部分が全体の30%
程度であることを考えると必要風量の約3倍必要とな
り、風量が大きく、この風の発生源として不必要に大き
なものを使用しなくてはならなかった。 ハ)スクリーンの篩面が必要以上に大きくなるため、装
置が大型化し、重量があり、しかも駆動動力が大きくな
って経済的ではなかった。However, the conventional rotary sorting apparatus has the following problems. B) Of the waste falling from the transport pipe onto the cylindrical screen, relatively heavy wires and wood chips (especially elongated ones) are liable to rub the inside of the screen by the rotating action of the screen and get caught in the sieve holes, and grow once they are caught. Finally, there is a problem of closing the sieve holes. B) Waste such as lightweight plastics (sheets and bags, sponges, heat insulating materials) and paper must be blown off by blowing air into the cylindrical screen. 30% of the total shows the effect
Considering that the air volume is about three times as large as the required air volume, the air volume is large, and an unnecessarily large air flow source must be used. C) Since the screen surface of the screen becomes unnecessarily large, the apparatus becomes large and heavy, and the driving power increases, which is not economical.
【0005】そこでこの発明は、前記の問題を解決する
ためになしたものであり、目詰りを大巾に低減すること
ができ、しかも風量発生源を極力小さくできて、装置的
にも大型化しない廃棄物の選別装置を提供することを目
的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is possible to greatly reduce clogging, and furthermore, it is possible to reduce an air flow source as much as possible and to increase the size of the apparatus. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste sorting apparatus that does not use waste.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
に、請求項1の発明は、一端側上部に廃棄物供給口、他
端側下部に同排出口を有する箱型中空本体を振動手段に
より振動可能に設けている。本体内の高さ方向中間位置
に供給口から供給される廃棄物をふるい落としながら排
出口側へ搬送する多孔部材をほぼ水平に設けている。こ
の多孔部材は供給口側略半部が多数の篩孔を有する篩部
に形成され、かつ同排出口側の略半部が多数の風選孔を
有する風選部に形成されている。篩部の篩孔は廃棄物の
搬送方向に所定の間隔をおいて複数個、該搬送方向に傾
斜して重合配設された傾斜板間に設けられている。風選
部の風選孔は平板の表面に多数形成した凹部の廃棄物搬
送方向とほぼ平行となる相対向する側壁に設けられてい
る。多孔部材の篩部と風選部の境界下部に仕切壁を設
け、この仕切壁で仕切った篩部の下方を篩部用区画室に
形成するとともに、風選部の下方を風選部用区画室に形
成している。この篩部用区画室に篩下物排出口を設けて
いる。また風選部用区画室に空気供給口を設け、風選部
の上方に吸引フードを設けている。In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a box-shaped hollow main body having a waste supply port at one upper end and a discharge port at the other lower end is provided. It is provided so that it can vibrate. A porous member that sifts waste supplied from the supply port and conveys the waste to the discharge port side at an intermediate position in the height direction in the main body is provided substantially horizontally. In the porous member, a substantially half portion on the supply port side is formed in a sieve portion having a large number of sieve holes, and a substantially half portion on the discharge port side is formed in a wind screening portion having a large number of wind selection holes. A plurality of sieve holes of the sieve portion are provided at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the waste is transported, and are provided between inclined plates which are inclined and superposed in the transport direction. The wind selection holes of the wind selection section are provided on opposing side walls that are substantially parallel to the direction in which the waste is conveyed, which are formed in a large number of concave portions on the surface of the flat plate. A partition wall is provided below the boundary between the sieve portion and the air selection portion of the porous member, the lower portion of the sieve portion divided by the partition wall is formed in the sieve portion compartment, and the lower portion of the air selection portion is the compartment for the wind selection portion. The chamber is formed. This sieve section compartment is provided with an undersize discharge port. Further, an air supply port is provided in the compartment for the wind selection unit, and a suction hood is provided above the wind selection unit.
【0007】請求項2の発明は、請求項1において、篩
部を階段状にしている。請求項3の発明は、請求項1又
は2において、風選部用区画室を仕切壁で前部区画室と
後部区画室とに区画するとともに、これら両区画室にそ
れぞれ空気供給口を設けている。また両区画室と対応す
る風選部の上方にそれぞれ吸引フードを設けている。請
求項4の発明は、請求項1,2又は3において、風選部
の排出口側端に制量堰を設けている。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the sieve portion has a stepped shape. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the compartment for the wind selection unit is divided into a front compartment and a rear compartment by a partition wall, and air supply ports are provided in both compartments. I have. Further, suction hoods are provided above the wind selection sections corresponding to both compartments. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first, second, and third aspects, a flow control weir is provided at an end of the wind selection unit on a discharge port side.
【0008】[0008]
【作用】請求項1の発明において、供給口から本体内に
投入された廃棄物、すなわち、破砕機により破砕された
廃棄物は、多孔部材上を振動手段の振動作用を受けて排
出口側へ搬送される。この搬送中において、廃棄物中の
細かく砕かれた不燃物が篩部の篩孔を通過して篩部用区
画室に落下し、篩下物排出口から排出される。篩孔を通
過しない比較的大きいもの、すなわち、軽量プラスチッ
ク類、紙類、木片、ゴム片、針金類は篩部の篩孔を通過
せず、風選部に搬送される。そしてこの風選部で、風選
部用区画室から風選孔を経て平板の表面にほぼ直角に噴
出する空気により浮上作用を効果的に受けて選別され、
軽量プラスチック類、紙類は空気によって浮き上がり吸
引フードから回収され、比較的重い木片類は風選部上を
移動して排出口から排出される。この選別に際して、篩
部の篩孔は複数個、重合して配設された傾斜板間に設け
られているため、廃棄物中の特に細長いもの、例えば木
片や針金の引っ掛かりが大幅に軽減されて風選部に送る
ことができ、また風選部においては風選孔があるもの
の、この風選孔は凹部の廃棄物搬送方向とほぼ平行とな
る相対向する側壁に設けられているためこれに木片類な
どが引っ掛かることはほとんどない。このため篩孔及び
風選孔の目詰りが大巾に低減する。請求項2の発明にお
いては、篩部を階段状とすることにより、上段の篩部上
に載っているふるい分けできない不燃物を段差により先
行落下させて下段の篩部上に載せ、該下段の篩部で確実
にふるい分けができる。請求項3の発明においては、そ
れぞれの空気供給口からの空気供給量を変えることによ
り、廃棄物はそれぞれの吸引フードから種類別に選別回
収される。請求項4の発明においては、さらに重いもの
と軽いものとのふるい分けが一層確実にできる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the waste put into the main body from the supply port, that is, the waste crushed by the crusher is subjected to the vibration action of the vibration means on the porous member to the discharge port side. Conveyed. During this transportation, the finely crushed incombustibles in the waste material pass through the sieve holes of the sieve portion, fall into the sieve compartment, and are discharged from the sieving material discharge port. Relatively large materials that do not pass through the sieve holes, that is, lightweight plastics, papers, wood chips, rubber chips, and wires, do not pass through the sieve holes of the sieve portion, and are conveyed to the air filtering portion. And in this wind selection unit, the air is ejected from the compartment for the wind selection unit through the air selection hole to the surface of the flat plate at a substantially right angle to be effectively subjected to the levitation action to be sorted,
Light plastics and papers are lifted up by the air and collected from the suction hood, and relatively heavy pieces of wood move on the wind selection unit and are discharged from the discharge port. At the time of this sorting, a plurality of sieve holes of the sieve portion are provided between the inclined plates arranged in a superposed manner, so that particularly long and thin ones in the waste, for example, the catch of a piece of wood or a wire are greatly reduced. It can be sent to the wind selection unit, and although there is a wind selection hole in the wind selection unit, since this wind selection hole is provided on the opposite side wall that is almost parallel to the waste conveyance direction of the concave part, Wood chips are hardly caught. For this reason, clogging of the sieve holes and the air selection holes is greatly reduced. In the invention of claim 2, by making the sieve portion step-like, the incombustible material that cannot be sieved, which is placed on the upper sieve portion, is dropped beforehand by a step and placed on the lower sieve portion, and the lower sieve portion is placed. The sieving can be performed reliably in the department. According to the third aspect of the present invention, wastes are sorted and collected from the respective suction hoods by changing the air supply amounts from the respective air supply ports. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to more reliably screen the heavy and light objects.
【0009】[0009]
【実施例】図1はこの発明の一実施例の選別装置を示す
概略正面図、図2は同概略側面図である。両図におい
て、1は風力併用形の箱型振動篩としての選別装置を示
し、この選別装置1は一端側上部に廃棄物供給口2、他
端側下部に同排出口3を有するほぼ水平で横長な箱型中
空本体4と、該本体内の高さ方向中間位置にほぼ水平に
設けられ供給口2から供給される廃棄物をふるい落とし
ながら排出口3側へ搬送する多孔部材5と、本体4を図
1に矢印Aで示す斜め方向に振動させる振動手段6とを
具えている。本体4は下端ブラケット4aを介して斜設
された揺動レバー10及び該レバー10と直角方向に配設さ
れたスプリング11で支持されて機台9上に設置され、機
台9はベース7上にばね8を介して設置されている。振
動手段6は本体4と機台9の支持台12の間に設けた振動
部13と、支持台12上に設けたモータ14とからなってい
る。この本体4の設置機構及び振動手段6はあくまでも
一例であって、他の同様な機構に置き換えてもよいこと
は言うまでもない。FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view thereof. In both figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a sorting device as a box-type vibrating sieve combined with wind power. The sorting device 1 is substantially horizontal and has a waste supply port 2 at one upper end and a discharge port 3 at the lower other end. A horizontally elongated box-shaped hollow main body 4, a porous member 5 provided substantially horizontally at an intermediate position in the height direction inside the main body, and sifting waste supplied from the supply port 2 to convey the waste to the discharge port 3 side; Is vibrated in a diagonal direction indicated by an arrow A in FIG. The main body 4 is supported on a swinging lever 10 obliquely provided via a lower end bracket 4a and a spring 11 disposed in a direction perpendicular to the lever 10, and is installed on the machine base 9; Is installed via a spring 8. The vibrating means 6 includes a vibrating part 13 provided between the main body 4 and the support base 12 of the machine base 9, and a motor 14 provided on the support base 12. The installation mechanism of the main body 4 and the vibration means 6 are merely examples, and it goes without saying that other similar mechanisms may be used.
【0010】多孔部材5は該部材の供給口2側略半部が
多数の篩孔5bを有する篩部5aに形成され、かつ同排
出口3側略半部が多数の風選孔5fを有する風選部5c
に形成されている。篩部5aは図3(A),(B)に示すよ
うに両側板51cを介して廃棄物の搬送方向に所定の間隔
をおいて複数個、該搬送方向に傾斜して重合配設された
略くの字状断面の折曲板(傾斜板)51aで形成され、該
折曲板51a間が篩孔5bに形成されている。この例では
折曲板51aの上部側が櫛歯部51bに形成され、該櫛歯部
51bにも篩孔5bと連通する篩補助孔51b′が廃棄物の
搬送方向と直角方向に複数個形成されている。篩補助孔
51b′は隣接する折曲板51a間においては互い違いに形
成されている。51eは最下流側の折曲板51aと隣接して
その下流側に設けられ、折曲板51aとともに篩部5aを
構成する平板である。また風選部5cは図4,5にその
一部を示すように、全体が水平の平板5dで形成され、
該平板の表面に平板の板厚よりも大きく凹んだ凹部5e
が複数個、所定間隔をおいて同向きの直列状に、かつ千
鳥状に複数列にわたり一体に形成され、該凹部の長手側
となる相対向する側壁(図4に示す凹部5eの廃棄物搬
送方向Bとほぼ平行となる側壁)に風選孔5fが設けら
れている。凹部5eの短手側となる相対向する側壁は底
壁に向けて傾斜壁5gに形成されている。このように傾
斜壁5gにしたのは比重の軽い廃棄物が凹部5eに引っ
掛るのを防止するためである。5hは風選部5cの排出
口3側端に設けた制量堰である。The porous member 5 has a sieve part 5a having a large number of sieve holes 5b at the supply port 2 side and a large number of air selection holes 5f at the discharge port 3 side. Wind selection section 5c
Is formed. As shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B), a plurality of sieve portions 5a are arranged at a predetermined interval in the conveyance direction of the waste through both side plates 51c, and are arranged in an inclined manner in the conveyance direction. A bent plate (inclined plate) 51a having a substantially U-shaped cross section is formed, and a space between the bent plates 51a is formed in the sieve hole 5b. In this example, the upper side of the bent plate 51a is formed in the comb teeth 51b,
A plurality of sieve auxiliary holes 51b 'communicating with the sieve holes 5b are formed in the 51b in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the waste is conveyed. Sieve auxiliary hole
51b 'are formed alternately between adjacent bent plates 51a. Reference numeral 51e is a flat plate provided adjacent to and downstream of the most downstream bent plate 51a and constituting the sieve portion 5a together with the bent plate 51a. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a part of the wind selection unit 5c is formed entirely of a horizontal flat plate 5d.
A concave portion 5e which is recessed in the surface of the flat plate more than the thickness of the flat plate.
Are integrally formed in a plurality of rows in series in the same direction at predetermined intervals and in a staggered manner, and opposing side walls (long sides of the recess 5e shown in FIG. A wind selection hole 5f is provided on the side wall substantially parallel to the direction B). Opposite side walls on the short side of the concave portion 5e are formed on the inclined wall 5g toward the bottom wall. The reason why the inclined wall 5g is used in this way is to prevent waste having a low specific gravity from being caught in the recess 5e. Reference numeral 5h denotes a control weir provided at the end of the wind selection unit 5c on the discharge port 3 side.
【0011】15は篩部5aと風選部5cの境界下部に設
けられた仕切壁で、この仕切壁15により篩部5aの下方
が篩部用区画室16に形成され、風選部5cの下方が風選
部用区画室17に形成されている。篩部用区画室16の仕切
壁15側下部には篩下物排出口18が設けられ、風選部用区
画室17には空気供給口19が設けられている。20は掃除用
蓋である。空気供給口19には送風機21が配管22を介して
接続され、送風機21からの空気を調節用バルブ23を経て
風選用区画室17に供給できるようになっている。この例
では風選部5cの風選孔5fを通る空気の通過速度は約
0.5〜50m/秒に設定されている。また、24は本体4の
上壁に風選部5cに対向するように設けた排気口で、こ
の排気口24に末広がり状の吸引口26を有する吸引フード
25が嵌装され、その上部が装置外にほぼ水平に固定した
架台27で支持されている。28は排気口24の上部に設けら
れたフレキシブルチューブである。各吸引フード25には
導管29を介してサイクロンなどの捕集機30及び排風機31
が接続されている。32は調節用バルブである。Reference numeral 15 denotes a partition wall provided below the boundary between the sieve section 5a and the air selecting section 5c. The lower portion of the sieve section 5a is formed in the sieve section compartment 16 by the partition wall 15, and The lower part is formed in the compartment 17 for the wind selection unit. A lower sieve discharge port 18 is provided at a lower portion of the sieve section compartment 16 on the side of the partition wall 15, and an air supply port 19 is provided in the wind selection section compartment 17. 20 is a cleaning lid. A blower 21 is connected to the air supply port 19 via a pipe 22 so that air from the blower 21 can be supplied to the wind selection compartment 17 via a regulating valve 23. In this example, the air passing speed through the wind selection hole 5f of the wind selection unit 5c is about
It is set to 0.5 to 50 m / sec. Reference numeral 24 denotes an exhaust port provided on the upper wall of the main body 4 so as to face the wind selection section 5c. The exhaust hood has a divergent suction port 26 in the exhaust port 24.
25, and the upper part thereof is supported by a gantry 27 fixed substantially horizontally outside the apparatus. Reference numeral 28 denotes a flexible tube provided above the exhaust port 24. Each suction hood 25 is connected to a collector 30 such as a cyclone and a blower 31 through a conduit 29.
Is connected. 32 is an adjusting valve.
【0012】前記実施例の作用を説明する。建設廃棄物
(又は一般廃棄物)を図示省略した廃棄物破砕機によっ
て破砕した後、搬送コンベヤなどにより直接搬送して供
給口2から本体4内に投入する一方、送風機21からの空
気を配管22を経て空気供給口19から風選部用区画室17内
に供給する。これにより投入された廃棄物は多孔部材5
上を振動手段6、すなわちモータ14の起動による振動部
13の発振により、振動作用を受けながら排出口3側へ搬
送され、まず廃棄物のうち、石、コンクリート、陶器、
ガラスの砕片からなる不燃物が、篩孔5b(篩補助孔51
b′)を通り篩部用区画室16内に落下し、篩下物排出口
18から回収される。この場合、単なる振動作用によって
篩上物と篩下物とに分けられる。次いで、篩孔5b(篩
補助孔51b′)を通過しなかった篩上の比較的大きい廃
棄物は、多孔部材5の振動により風選部5c上をさらに
排出口3側に搬送される。ここで、この比較的大きい廃
棄物中、特に細長いもの、例えば木片、一部混在する針
金、ゴム片がや篩孔5b(篩補助孔51b′)に引っ掛か
ろうとするが、篩部5aは複数の折曲板51cを重合配設
した構成からなるため、篩孔5b(篩補助孔51b′)へ
の引っ掛かりが大幅に軽減されて風選部5cに送られ、
目詰りを起こすことが殆どない。The operation of the above embodiment will be described. After the construction waste (or general waste) is crushed by a waste crusher (not shown), it is directly conveyed by a conveyor or the like and is introduced into the main body 4 from the supply port 2 while air from the blower 21 is supplied to the pipe 22. Then, the air is supplied from the air supply port 19 into the compartment 17 for the wind selection unit. The waste input by this is the porous member 5
Above is the vibrating means 6, that is, the vibrating part by the activation of the motor
Due to the oscillation of 13, it is conveyed to the outlet 3 side while receiving the vibration action, and first of all the waste, stone, concrete, pottery,
The non-combustible material composed of glass fragments is passed through the sieve hole 5b (the sieve auxiliary hole 51).
b ′), falls into the sieve compartment 16 and the sieved material discharge port
Recovered from 18. In this case, the material is separated into an upper sieve and a lower sieve by a simple vibration action. Next, the relatively large waste on the sieve that has not passed through the sieve hole 5b (the sieve auxiliary hole 51b ') is further conveyed to the discharge port 3 side by the vibration of the porous member 5 on the wind selection unit 5c. Here, in this comparatively large waste, particularly long and narrow ones, for example, wood pieces, partially mixed wire and rubber pieces tend to be caught in the sieve hole 5b (sieve auxiliary hole 51b '). Since the bent plate 51c of the above is superposed and arranged, the hooking on the sieve hole 5b (the sieve auxiliary hole 51b ') is greatly reduced and sent to the wind selection unit 5c.
Almost no clogging.
【0013】そして風選部5c上で風選部用区画室17内
の空気が、図5(C)に示すように相対向する風選孔5f
より凹部5e内にほぼ同量噴出され、凹部5e内で衝突
合流後にその上方、すなわち平板5dの表面方向にほぼ
直角に噴出されることにより、この噴出空気によって、
平板5dの表面を流下する廃棄物はその比重の小さく、
軽量のものが大きく上方へ浮上させられる。浮上させら
れた軽量の廃棄物、すなわち、軽量のプラスチックおよ
び紙類は、排風機31により空気とともに吸引口26から吸
引フード25内に吸引され、導管29を経て捕集機30に回収
される。他方、浮上しない比較的重い廃棄物、主として
木片、一部混在する針金、ゴム片は制量堰5hにより風
選部5c上で一時停溜される。そして、停溜中の木片な
どは制量堰5hを乗越えて落下し、排出口3に入り回収
される。このように風選孔5fから噴出される空気は平
板5dの表面方向にほぼ直角に噴出されるから、軽量の
廃棄物であっても平板上を流下されることなく、該空気
から浮上作用を効果的に受けて選別されることとなり、
風選孔5fの目詰りもほとんどない。尚、風選部5cに
木片や針金が送られてきても、風選部5cにある風選孔
5fは凹部5eの廃棄物搬送方向とほぼ平行となる相対
向する側壁に設けられていて廃棄物の流れの妨げとなら
ないから、これに引っ掛かることは皆無である。また、
風選部5cの風選孔5fは平面から見て、細長いスリッ
ト状となっており、廃棄物がこの風選孔5fから落下す
ることはほとんどない。On the wind selecting section 5c, the air in the compartment 17 for the wind selecting section is filled with the opposing wind selecting holes 5f as shown in FIG. 5 (C).
The same amount of air is ejected into the concave portion 5e, and after being ejected in the concave portion 5e after collision and merging, it is ejected upward, that is, almost perpendicularly to the surface direction of the flat plate 5d.
The waste flowing down the surface of the flat plate 5d has a small specific gravity,
Lightweight ones are levitated large upwards. The lifted lightweight waste, that is, lightweight plastics and papers, are sucked into the suction hood 25 from the suction port 26 together with the air by the exhaust fan 31 and collected by the collector 30 through the conduit 29. On the other hand, relatively heavy waste that does not float, mainly wood pieces, partially mixed wire and rubber pieces, is temporarily stopped on the wind selection section 5c by the control dam 5h. Then, the pieces of wood or the like that have been stagnated fall over the control dam 5h, enter the discharge port 3, and are collected. As described above, the air ejected from the wind selection hole 5f is ejected at a right angle to the surface direction of the flat plate 5d, so that even the lightweight waste does not flow down on the flat plate and has a floating action from the air. It will be received and sorted effectively,
There is almost no clogging of the wind selection hole 5f. Even if a piece of wood or wire is sent to the wind selection unit 5c, the wind selection hole 5f in the wind selection unit 5c is provided on the opposite side wall of the recess 5e, which is substantially parallel to the waste conveyance direction, and is discarded. It does not hinder the flow of things, so there is nothing to be caught on it. Also,
The wind selection hole 5f of the wind selection unit 5c has a slender slit shape when viewed from a plane, and waste hardly falls from the wind selection hole 5f.
【0014】この選別作用に際して、凹部5eの風選孔
5fからの空気が廃棄物の流れに対して横方向から噴出
し、廃棄物の流れの抵抗となることが少ないため、軽量
の破砕物に効果的に浮力を与えることが可能となり、廃
棄物の比重に大差がなくても高い精度で確実に選別する
ことができる。また、凹部5eには風選孔5f以外に孔
が設けられておらず、風選孔5fのない傾斜壁5gに形
成された側壁は廃棄物の流下の案内部の一部となり、凹
部5eでの目詰りや目詰りによる廃棄物の滞留を引き起
こすことがない。さらに、平板5dの表面には何も出っ
張り部分がないことから、廃棄物の流れがきわめてスム
ーズである。このように、廃棄物は多孔部材5の振動と
風選部5cから噴出する空気とさらに吸引風力との相乗
作用によって、軽量プラスチック、紙類及び木片類とに
確実に選別される。At the time of this sorting operation, air from the air selection hole 5f of the concave portion 5e blows out from the lateral direction with respect to the flow of the waste, so that the air does not become a resistance to the flow of the waste. The buoyancy can be given effectively, and even if there is no great difference in the specific gravity of the waste, the waste can be sorted with high accuracy. Further, the recess 5e has no hole other than the wind selection hole 5f, and the side wall formed on the inclined wall 5g without the wind selection hole 5f becomes a part of the guide portion for the flow of the waste, and is formed by the recess 5e. No clogging or stagnation of waste due to clogging. Furthermore, since there is no protrusion on the surface of the flat plate 5d, the flow of waste is extremely smooth. In this way, the waste is reliably separated into lightweight plastics, papers, and wood chips by the synergistic action of the vibration of the porous member 5, the air ejected from the wind selection unit 5c, and the suction wind power.
【0015】図6は篩部5aの他の実施例を示すもの
で、篩部5aを立て壁51dにより上段の篩部5aと下段
の篩部5aの2段の階段状にしたものであるが、2段以
上であってもよい。これによって、上段の篩部5a上に
載っているため篩分けできない不燃物が立て壁51dの段
差により先行落下して下段の篩部5aに載り、ここで確
実に篩分けされる。FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the sieve portion 5a, in which the sieve portion 5a is formed in two steps of an upper sieve portion 5a and a lower sieve portion 5a by a standing wall 51d. Or two or more stages. As a result, non-combustible materials that cannot be sieved because they are placed on the upper sieve portion 5a fall prematurely due to the step of the standing wall 51d and are placed on the lower sieve portion 5a, where they are reliably sieved.
【0016】図7ないし図11は多孔部材5の平板5dに
形成される凹部の各種変形例を示すものである。尚、各
図の(A)においては平板5d部分を図示省略している。
図7の例は凹部35eの長手方向の長さがやや短く、かつ
短手方向の長さがやや長くなっている点と、傾斜壁35g
の傾斜角度がやや大きくなっている点で、図5の凹部5
eと異なる。35dは平板、35fは風選孔である。図8の
例は凹部45eの長手方向の長さがやや短く、かつ短手方
向の長さがやや長くなっている点と、短手側の相対向す
る側壁が傾斜壁でなく、垂直壁45gに形成されている点
で、図5の凹部5eと異なる。45dは平板、45fは風選
孔である。図9の例は凹部55eの短手方向の長さがやや
長くなっている点と、短手側の相対向する側壁と底壁が
円弧状に連なった湾曲壁55iに形成されている点で、図
5の凹部5eと異なる。55dは平板、55fは風選孔であ
る。図10の例は凹部65eの短手方向の長さがやや長くな
っている点と、短手側の相対向する側壁と底壁が略V字
状に連なったV字壁65jに形成されている点で、図5の
凹部5eと異なる。65dは平板、65fは風選孔である。
このような各種の変形例の凹部35e,45e,55e,65e
も平板5dの表面に図3と同様に配置され、該凹部が設
けられた平板が装置1に取付けられることにより凹部5
eと同様な作用を奏する。FIGS. 7 to 11 show various modifications of the concave portion formed on the flat plate 5d of the porous member 5. FIG. In FIG. 3A, the flat plate 5d is not shown.
The example in FIG. 7 shows that the longitudinal length of the recess 35e is slightly shorter and the lateral length is slightly longer, and that the inclined wall 35g
The point that the inclination angle of
different from e. 35d is a flat plate, and 35f is a wind selection hole. In the example of FIG. 8, the longitudinal length of the recess 45e is slightly shorter and the transverse length is slightly longer, and the opposite side wall on the shorter side is not an inclined wall but a vertical wall 45g. 5 is different from the recess 5e in FIG. 45d is a flat plate and 45f is a wind selection hole. The example of FIG. 9 is that the length of the concave portion 55e in the short direction is slightly longer, and that the opposite side wall and the bottom wall on the short side are formed in a curved wall 55i in which an arc shape is continued. 5 is different from the recess 5e of FIG. 55d is a flat plate, and 55f is a wind selection hole. In the example of FIG. 10, the point that the length of the concave portion 65e in the short direction is slightly longer, and the side wall and the bottom wall facing each other on the short side are formed in a V-shaped wall 65j in which a substantially V-shape is formed. In that it differs from the recess 5e in FIG. 65d is a flat plate, and 65f is a wind selection hole.
The concave portions 35e, 45e, 55e, 65e of such various modifications.
3 is also arranged on the surface of the flat plate 5d in the same manner as in FIG.
It has the same effect as e.
【0017】図11は凹部のさらに別の変形例を示すもの
で、この変形例の平板に形成されている凹部75eは、
(A)から明らかのように風選孔75fが設けられていない
一方の側壁(傾斜壁75g)から他方の側壁(傾斜壁75
g)に向けて末広がり状に形成されている。凹部75eの
平面形状をこのように末広がり状に形成すると、凹部75
e内に廃棄物が入り込んだ場合でも、スムーズに流下す
ることができる。75dは平板、75fは風選孔である。FIG. 11 shows another modification of the concave portion. The concave portion 75e formed on the flat plate of this modified example is
As is clear from (A), one side wall (inclined wall 75g) where the wind selection hole 75f is not provided is connected to the other side wall (inclined wall 75g).
It is formed in a divergent shape toward g). When the planar shape of the concave portion 75e is formed in a divergent shape in this manner, the concave portion 75e is formed.
Even when waste enters e, it can flow down smoothly. 75d is a flat plate, and 75f is a wind selection hole.
【0018】図12は吸引フードの変形例を示すもので、
この吸引フード25は先端を絞って細長い吸引口26aとし
たものである。FIG. 12 shows a modification of the suction hood.
The suction hood 25 has an elongated suction port 26a with a narrowed end.
【0019】図13はこの発明の別の実施例を示す概略正
面図である。同図において、風選部用区画室17は仕切壁
33により供給口側の吸引フード25aと相対向する前部区
画室17aと、排出口側の吸引フード25bと相対向する後
部区画室17bと、の2室に形成され、両区画室17a,17
bにはそれぞれ空気供給口19a,19bが設けられてい
る。各空気供給口19a,19bには送風機21がそれぞれ配
管22a,22bを介して接続され、送風機21からの空気を
調節用バルブ23a,23bを経て前部及び後部区画室17
a,17bに供給できるようになっている。また、吸引フ
ード25a,25bにはそれぞれ導管29a,29bを介してサ
イクロンなどの捕集機30a,30bが接続され、さらに捕
集機30a,30bとも排風機31に接続されている。32a,
32bは調節用バルブである。FIG. 13 is a schematic front view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the compartment 17 for the wind selection unit is a partition wall.
The front compartment 17a is opposed to the suction hood 25a on the supply port side by 33 and the rear compartment 17b is opposed to the suction hood 25b on the discharge port side.
b are provided with air supply ports 19a and 19b, respectively. A blower 21 is connected to each of the air supply ports 19a and 19b through pipes 22a and 22b, respectively, and the air from the blower 21 is supplied to the front and rear compartments 17 through regulating valves 23a and 23b.
a, 17b. In addition, collectors 30a, 30b such as cyclones are connected to the suction hoods 25a, 25b via conduits 29a, 29b, respectively, and the collectors 30a, 30b are also connected to the exhaust 31. 32a,
32b is an adjusting valve.
【0020】この実施例の作用を説明する。まず、調節
用バルブ23a,23bを異なる開度に調節する。例えば、
前部区画室17aへの空気供給量を少なく、後部区画室17
bへの空気供給量を多くする。調節用バルブ32a,32b
も前記空気供給量に合わせて調節する。これによって吹
き込み空気量に見合う量を吸引するように開度が設定さ
れ、風選部5c上で浮上する廃棄物のうち、軽量プラス
チック類は捕集機30aにより、紙類は捕集機30bにより
選別回収される。そして回収された軽量プラスチック類
は主として減容化されて又は一部焼却処分され、紙類は
可燃物として焼却処理される。The operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the adjusting valves 23a and 23b are adjusted to different opening degrees. For example,
The amount of air supply to the front compartment 17a is small, and the rear compartment 17
Increase the air supply to b. Adjustment valves 32a, 32b
Is also adjusted according to the air supply amount. As a result, the opening degree is set so as to suck an amount corresponding to the amount of blown air, and among the wastes floating on the wind selection unit 5c, lightweight plastics are collected by the collector 30a, and papers are collected by the collector 30b. Sorted and collected. The recovered lightweight plastics are mainly reduced in volume or partially incinerated, and the papers are incinerated as combustibles.
【0021】前記各実施例においては本体4に対する振
動方向を公知の振動手段によりほぼ水平面内で旋回運動
させることもできる。また、吸引フード25を架台27に固
定したが、図示しない適宜の手段を介して上下に調節可
能とすることができ、これによって、さらに選別精度を
上げるようにすることもできる。また、篩補助孔51b′
を折曲板51aの上部側の櫛歯部51b間に、排気物の搬送
方向と直角方向に複数個形成したが、廃棄物の搬送方向
に所定の間隔をおいて複数個、該搬送方向に傾斜して重
合配設された折曲板51a間に篩孔5bを形成してさえす
れば、必ずしもこのような篩補助孔51b′を形成しなく
ともよいことは言うまでもない。In each of the above embodiments, the direction of vibration with respect to the main body 4 can be swirled in a substantially horizontal plane by known vibration means. Further, although the suction hood 25 is fixed to the gantry 27, the suction hood 25 can be adjusted up and down through appropriate means (not shown), thereby further increasing the sorting accuracy. In addition, the sieve auxiliary hole 51b '
Are formed between the comb teeth 51b on the upper side of the bent plate 51a in the direction perpendicular to the direction of transport of the exhaust, but at predetermined intervals in the direction of transport of the waste, a plurality of them are formed in the direction of transport. It goes without saying that such sieve auxiliary holes 51b 'need not necessarily be formed as long as the sieve holes 5b are formed between the bent plates 51a which are arranged in an inclined and overlapped manner.
【0022】[0022]
【発明の効果】請求項1の発明は、前記のような構成か
らなるので、廃棄物のうち、不燃物は篩部の篩孔を通し
て落下回収でき、篩上の比較的大きいものは風選部上
で、振動作用と風選孔から噴き出す空気と吸引力との相
乗効果によって軽量プラスチック、紙類など軽いものと
比較的重い木片類に確実に分離回収することができる。
この空気選別作用に際しては、風選孔から噴出される空
気を平板の表面方向にほぼ直角に噴出させることが可能
なので、軽いものであっても平板上を流下されることな
く、該空気から浮上作用を効果的に受けて選別し、選別
効率を上げることができるとともに、篩孔及び風選孔の
目詰りを大巾に低減させることができる。また、空気を
ほぼ直角に噴出させ、廃棄物への浮力を正確に上方に向
かわせことが可能となるので、廃棄物に対する高精度、
高効率の選別を維持することができる。さらに、空気の
噴出に無駄がないため、不用に多量の空気を供給する必
要がなくなり、したがって空気供給設備の小型化、小動
力化を実現することが可能となる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the non-combustible waste among the wastes can be dropped and collected through the sieve holes of the sieve part, and the relatively large ones on the sieve can be removed by the wind filter part. Above, by virtue of the synergistic effect of the vibration action, the air ejected from the wind selection hole, and the suction force, it is possible to reliably separate and collect light materials such as lightweight plastics and papers and relatively heavy wood chips.
At the time of this air sorting operation, the air ejected from the wind selection hole can be ejected at almost right angles to the surface direction of the flat plate, so that even a light one does not flow down on the flat plate and floats from the air. Sorting can be performed by effectively receiving the action, and the sorting efficiency can be increased, and the clogging of the sieve holes and the wind selection holes can be greatly reduced. In addition, since air can be spouted almost at right angles and the buoyancy to waste can be accurately directed upward, high precision for waste can be achieved.
High efficiency sorting can be maintained. Further, since there is no waste in the ejection of air, it is not necessary to supply a large amount of air unnecessarily, and therefore, it is possible to realize a reduction in the size and power of the air supply equipment.
【0023】請求項2の発明は、篩分けを一層高めて廃
棄物中の不燃物を確実に篩下とすることができる。請求
項3の発明は、廃棄物を軽量のプラスチック類と紙類の
種類別に選択回収することができる。請求項4の発明
は、制量堰によりさらに重いものと軽いものとを一層確
実に分離させることができ、回収効率がきわめて高くな
るという優れた効果がある。According to the second aspect of the present invention, non-combustible substances in waste can be reliably sieved by further increasing sieving. According to the third aspect of the present invention, waste can be selectively collected according to the types of lightweight plastics and papers. The invention according to claim 4 has an excellent effect that the heavier material and the lighter material can be more reliably separated by the metering weir, and the collection efficiency becomes extremely high.
【図1】この発明の一実施例の選別装置を示す概略正面
図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】同概略側面図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the same.
【図3】篩部を示し、(A)はその平面図、(B)は(A)の
線B−Bに沿う断面図である。3A and 3B show a sieve portion, wherein FIG. 3A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3A.
【図4】風選部の平板の一部省略の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a partially omitted plan view of a flat plate of a wind selection unit.
【図5】風選部の平板に設けた凹部を示し、(A)はその
平面図、(B)は(A)の線B−Bに沿う断面図、(C)は
(A)の線C−Cに沿う断面図である。5A and 5B show concave portions provided in a flat plate of a wind selection unit, FIG. 5A is a plan view thereof, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5A, and FIG.
It is sectional drawing which follows the line CC of (A).
【図6】篩部の他の実施例を示す部分断面図である。FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the sieve portion.
【図7】風選部の平板に設けた凹部の変形例を示し、
(A)はその平面図、(B)は(A)の線B−Bに沿う断面
図、(C)は(A)の線C−Cに沿う断面図である。FIG. 7 shows a modified example of the concave portion provided in the flat plate of the wind selection unit,
(A) is a plan view, (B) is a cross-sectional view along line BB in (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view along line CC in (A).
【図8】風選部の平板に設けた凹部の変形例を示し、
(A)はその平面図、(B)は(A)の線B−Bに沿う断面
図、(C)は(A)の線C−Cに沿う断面図である。FIG. 8 shows a modified example of the concave portion provided on the flat plate of the wind selection unit,
(A) is a plan view, (B) is a cross-sectional view along line BB in (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view along line CC in (A).
【図9】風選部の平板に設けた凹部の変形例を示し、
(A)はその平面図、(B)は(A)の線B−Bに沿う断面
図、(C)は(A)の線C−Cに沿う断面図である。FIG. 9 shows a modified example of the concave portion provided on the flat plate of the wind selection unit,
(A) is a plan view, (B) is a cross-sectional view along line BB in (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view along line CC in (A).
【図10】風選部の平板に設けた凹部の変形例を示し、
(A)はその平面図、(B)は(A)の線B−Bに沿う断面
図、(C)は(A)の線C−Cに沿う断面図である。FIG. 10 shows a modified example of the concave portion provided in the flat plate of the wind selection unit,
(A) is a plan view, (B) is a cross-sectional view along line BB in (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view along line CC in (A).
【図11】凹部のさらに別の変形例を示し、(A)はその
平面図、(B)は(A)の線B−Bに沿う断面図、(C)は
(A)の線C−Cに沿う断面図である。11A and 11B show still another modified example of the concave portion, FIG. 11A is a plan view thereof, FIG. 11B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 11A, and FIG.
It is sectional drawing which follows the line CC of (A).
【図12】吸引フードの変形例を示す部分断面図であ
る。FIG. 12 is a partial sectional view showing a modified example of the suction hood.
【図13】この発明の別の実施例を示す概略正面図であ
る。FIG. 13 is a schematic front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
1 選別装置 2 供給口 3 排出口 4 箱型中空本体 5 多孔部材 5a 篩部 5b 篩孔 5c 風選部 5d 平板 5e 凹部 5f 風選孔 5g 傾斜壁 5h 制量堰 6 振動手段 16 篩部用区画室 17 風選部用区画室 18 篩下物排出口 19,19a,19b 空気供給口 25,25a,25b 吸引フード 26 吸引口 29,29a,29b 導管 30,30a,30b 捕集機 31 排風機 51a 折曲板(傾斜板) 51b 篩歯部 51b′ 篩補助孔 51c 側板 51d 立て壁 51e 平板 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sorting apparatus 2 Supply port 3 Discharge port 4 Box-shaped hollow main body 5 Porous member 5a Sieve part 5b Sieve hole 5c Air selection part 5d Flat plate 5e Depression 5f Air selection hole 5g Inclined wall 5h Control dam 6 Vibration means 16 Screen part Room 17 Compartment room for air selection section 18 Sewer discharge port 19, 19a, 19b Air supply port 25, 25a, 25b Suction hood 26 Suction port 29, 29a, 29b Conduit 30, 30a, 30b Collector 31 Exhaust air 51a Folded plate (inclined plate) 51b Sieve teeth 51b 'Sieve auxiliary hole 51c Side plate 51d Standing wall 51e Flat plate
Claims (4)
に同排出口を有する箱型中空本体を振動手段により振動
可能に設け、この本体内の高さ方向中間位置に前記供給
口から供給される廃棄物をふるい落としながら排出口側
へ搬送する多孔部材をほぼ水平に設け、この多孔部材は
供給口側略半部が多数の篩孔を有する篩部に形成され、
かつ同排出口側の略半部が多数の風選孔を有する風選部
に形成されており、前記篩部の篩孔は廃棄物の搬送方向
に所定の間隔をおいて複数個、該搬送方向に傾斜して重
合配設された傾斜板間に設けられており、前記風選部の
風選孔は平板の表面に多数形成した凹部の廃棄物搬送方
向とほぼ平行となる相対向する側壁に設けられており、
前記多孔部材の篩部と風選部の境界下部に仕切壁を設
け、この仕切壁で仕切った篩部の下方を篩部用区画室に
形成するとともに、風選部の下方を風選部用区画室に形
成し、この篩部用区画室に篩下物排出口を設け、また風
選部用区画室に空気供給口を設け、風選部の上方に吸引
フードを設けたことを特徴とする廃棄物の選別装置。1. A box-shaped hollow main body having a waste supply port at an upper end on one end side and a discharge port at a lower end on the other end side is provided so as to be capable of vibrating by vibrating means. A porous member that conveys to the discharge port side while sifting waste supplied from is provided substantially horizontally, and this porous member is formed in a sieve portion having a large number of sieve holes in the supply port side substantially half,
A substantially half portion on the discharge port side is formed in a wind screening section having a large number of wind screening holes, and a plurality of sieve holes of the sieve section are provided at predetermined intervals in a waste conveyance direction. Are provided between inclined plates which are arranged in an inclined manner in the direction of overlap, and the air selecting holes of the air selecting section are opposed to each other and are substantially parallel to the waste conveying direction of a large number of concave portions formed on the surface of the flat plate. It is provided in,
A partition wall is provided below the boundary between the sieve portion and the air selection portion of the porous member, and the lower portion of the sieve portion partitioned by the partition wall is formed in a sieve portion compartment, and the lower portion of the air selection portion is used for the wind selection portion. Formed in the compartment, provided with a sieve discharge port in the compartment for the sieve section, provided with an air supply port in the compartment for the wind screening section, and provided with a suction hood above the wind screening section. Waste sorting equipment.
廃棄物の選別装置。2. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sieve portion is stepped.
後部区画室とに区画するとともに、これら両区画室にそ
れぞれ空気供給口を設け、前記両区画室と対応する風選
部の上方にそれぞれ吸引フードを設けた請求項1又は2
記載の廃棄物の選別装置。3. A compartment for the wind selection section is divided into a front compartment and a rear compartment by a partition wall, and air supply ports are provided in both compartments, respectively, and the wind compartment corresponding to the compartments is provided. The suction hood is provided above each of the portions.
A waste sorting device as described.
求項1,2又は3記載の廃棄物の選別装置。4. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a flow control weir is provided at an end of the wind selection unit on a discharge port side.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP22459694A JP2799145B2 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1994-09-20 | Waste sorting equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP22459694A JP2799145B2 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1994-09-20 | Waste sorting equipment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0889901A JPH0889901A (en) | 1996-04-09 |
JP2799145B2 true JP2799145B2 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
Family
ID=16816209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP22459694A Expired - Fee Related JP2799145B2 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1994-09-20 | Waste sorting equipment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2799145B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108970980B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2021-08-24 | 福建省复新农业科技发展有限公司 | Rapeseed particle impurity removing equipment with intermittent feeding function for agricultural production |
-
1994
- 1994-09-20 JP JP22459694A patent/JP2799145B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0889901A (en) | 1996-04-09 |
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