JP2560599B2 - Laminated board unevenness inspection method and inspection apparatus - Google Patents
Laminated board unevenness inspection method and inspection apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JP2560599B2 JP2560599B2 JP4359827A JP35982792A JP2560599B2 JP 2560599 B2 JP2560599 B2 JP 2560599B2 JP 4359827 A JP4359827 A JP 4359827A JP 35982792 A JP35982792 A JP 35982792A JP 2560599 B2 JP2560599 B2 JP 2560599B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- unevenness
- image
- laminated plate
- resin film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000736305 Marsilea quadrifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003705 background correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、飲食品充填用の缶など
を成形するための積層板、すなわち原板である金属板
に、分子配向性のある透明な樹脂フィルムを貼り合わせ
て形成した積層板の、金属板と樹脂フィルムの層間に介
在する気泡や異物などに起因する表面の微小な膨らみの
有無を検査する積層板の凹凸検査方法及び検査装置に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated plate for forming a can for filling foods and drinks, that is, a laminated plate formed by laminating a transparent resin film having molecular orientation on a metal plate which is an original plate. The present invention relates to a laminated plate unevenness inspection method and inspection device for inspecting the presence or absence of a minute bulge on the surface due to air bubbles or foreign matter present between the layers of a metal plate and a resin film.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、飲食品用缶の製造においても、地
球環境保全のため、大気中に多量の炭酸ガスや有機溶媒
の放出を極力少なくすべく努力がなされており、その一
環として、缶内外面の保護膜として、従来の有機溶媒か
ら樹脂フィルムを熱接着したものを缶材として用いるよ
う移行しつつある。例えば、特開平２−２６９６４７号
に開示しているように、あらかじめ平な帯状鉄板にポリ
エチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）等の樹脂フルムを熱
接着した積層板を、深絞りと引き伸ばし加工で缶体を成
形することで、従来多量に必要とした、油を乳化した冷
却水を不要とし、同時に塗料の乾燥と焼き付けをも不要
にしている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in the production of cans for food and drink, efforts have been made to minimize the emission of large amounts of carbon dioxide and organic solvents in the atmosphere in order to protect the global environment. As a protective film for the inner and outer surfaces, a material obtained by thermally bonding a resin film from a conventional organic solvent is being used as a can material. For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-269647, a can body is formed by deep drawing and stretching a laminated plate in which a resin flume such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is heat-bonded to a flat band-shaped iron plate in advance. This eliminates the need for a large amount of cooling water, which has been emulsified with oil, as well as the need for drying and baking the paint.
【０００３】このような積層板を用いた缶体は、リング
状の金型と棒状のパンチを用い、板厚みと同等の狭い間
隙で成形引き伸ばし加工されるが、積層板の鉄板と樹脂
フィルムの間に気泡や異物が介在すると、樹脂フィルム
と金属板の加工にずれを生じ、このずれに起因してフィ
ルムのピンホール，フィルムの剥離などの欠陥を生じ
る。フィルムのピンホールは、そのピンホールから内容
品の水分が金属板に至って錆を発生し、内容品に金属板
が溶解して味覚を損ない、また、金属板の溶解の進行に
よって金属板自体にもピンホールが発生し、漏洩缶とな
って内容品の変敗をまねく危険がある。A can body using such a laminated plate is formed and stretched by using a ring-shaped die and a rod-shaped punch with a narrow gap equal to the plate thickness. If air bubbles or foreign matter are present between them, the processing of the resin film and the metal plate is deviated, and defects such as film pinholes and peeling of the film are caused due to the deviation. The pinholes in the film cause the water content of the contents to reach the metal plate and cause rusting, and the metal plate dissolves in the contents and spoils the taste. However, there is a risk that pinholes will occur, which will cause leaks and damage the contents.
【０００４】その他、ピンホールに至らない場合であっ
ても、次のような障害を発生する。すなわち、フィルム
が剥離すると、内容品の水分がフィルム内を水蒸気とし
て拡散透過し、剥離部分に到達すると再び液体となり、
金属板と反応して錆を発生し、実害はないが見掛け上異
物付着として消費者に不安を与えるという問題がある。
したがって、金属板と樹脂フィルムとの間に気泡や異物
のある積層板を検出して、これら積層板を排除したり、
金属板と樹脂フィルムの積層工程における条件を調整し
たりする必要がある。In addition, even if the pinhole is not reached, the following trouble occurs. That is, when the film is peeled off, the moisture of the contents diffuses and permeates the inside of the film as water vapor, and becomes a liquid again when it reaches the peeled portion,
There is a problem that it reacts with the metal plate to generate rust, which causes no harm but apparently causes foreign matter to be attached to the consumer to make them uneasy.
Therefore, by detecting a laminated plate having air bubbles or foreign substances between the metal plate and the resin film, or eliminating these laminated plates,
It is necessary to adjust the conditions in the step of laminating the metal plate and the resin film.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述の場合、気泡の大
きさが基材鉄板の表面粗度に比べて充分に大きければ、
従来からのレーザー光の走査による方法が適用できる
が、上述した積層板において生じる気泡や異物は１０μ
ｍ程度の大きさで金属板の表面における凹凸による明暗
模様と同程度である。したがって、樹脂フィルムとして
透明フィルムを用いた場合には、気泡や異物による光の
反射状態と金属板の表面における圧延筋等による反射状
態かを判別することは不可能である。In the above case, if the size of the bubbles is sufficiently larger than the surface roughness of the base iron plate,
A conventional method using laser beam scanning can be applied, but the bubbles and foreign matter generated in the above-mentioned laminated plate are 10 μm.
It has a size of about m and is about the same as a bright and dark pattern due to unevenness on the surface of the metal plate. Therefore, when a transparent film is used as the resin film, it is impossible to determine whether the reflection state of light due to air bubbles or foreign matter or the reflection state due to rolling streaks or the like on the surface of the metal plate.
【０００６】一方、積層板における気泡や異物の検査
は、直接、気泡や異物を検知せずとも、それに起因する
樹脂フィルム表面の膨らみを検知しても目的が達成され
る。表面の凹凸を検査する方法としては、特開平４−１
８６１０７号に、平坦部と凹凸の斜面部の反射角度の違
いによる明暗を検出して凹凸を検査する方法が開示され
ている。しかし、この方法は薄い透明フィルムの下に光
反射のきわめて大きい金属板が有るものには、上述した
従来技術と同様の問題があって適用できない。On the other hand, the inspection of air bubbles and foreign matters in the laminated plate achieves the object even if the bulges of the resin film surface caused by the air bubbles and foreign matters are not detected directly. As a method for inspecting unevenness on the surface, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-1
No. 86107 discloses a method of inspecting unevenness by detecting light and darkness due to a difference in reflection angle between a flat portion and a sloped portion of unevenness. However, this method cannot be applied to the case where a metal plate having extremely large light reflection is provided under a thin transparent film because of the same problem as the above-mentioned conventional technique.
【０００７】本発明は上記の問題点にかんがみてなされ
たものであり、光反射のきわめて大きい金属板に薄い透
明樹脂フィルムを貼り付けてなる積層板における、金属
板と樹脂フィルムの間に介在した気泡や異物に起因する
積層板表面の凹凸を確実に検査できるようにした積層板
の凹凸検査方法とその装置の提供を目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is interposed between a metal plate and a resin film in a laminated plate in which a thin transparent resin film is attached to a metal plate having an extremely large light reflection. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for inspecting unevenness of a laminated plate and an apparatus therefor capable of surely inspecting unevenness on the surface of the laminated plate due to bubbles or foreign matters.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】以下、本発明を詳細に説
明する。まず、図１によって本発明を適用する積層板の
製造システムの一例について説明する。図１において、
１は薄い鉄板等からなる金属板であり、供給ロール２よ
り加熱部２ａを介し予め加熱されてからラミネートロー
ラ５へ送られる。３，３はポリエチレンテレフタレート
等の薄い樹脂フィルムで、供給ロール４，４からラミネ
ートローラ５へ送られる。ラミネートローラ５では、金
属板１の両側に樹脂フィルム３，３を貼り付けて積層板
６とする。積層板６は支持ロール７を介して巻取りロー
ル８に巻き取られる。１０は凹凸検査装置であり、顕微
鏡を支持ロール７と対向して配置し、支持ロール７を通
過する積層板６の表面凹凸を検査する。このような製造
システム例を用いて行なう本発明方法は、積層板の表面
に、偏光子と位相板を通過させた光を投射し、かつ積層
板の表面で反射した光を検光子を介して観察し、このと
き上記位相板の軸方向を上記樹脂フィルムの配向方向に
対して所定の角度だけ回転させ、積層板表面の凹凸を明
暗像として観察することによって積層板表面の凹凸検査
を行ない、好ましくは位相板の軸方向を、樹脂フィルム
の配向方向に対して４５，１３５，２２５又は３１５度
±２０度の範囲だけ回転させるか、又は位相板の軸方向
を、樹脂フィルムの配向方向に対して、積層板表面の凹
凸の映像コントラストが最大となる角度だけ回転させる
ようにしてある。また、本発明装置は、光源，偏光子，
回転可能な位相板，この位相板の回転手段及び検光子を
備えた顕微鏡と、この顕微鏡に映った画像を画像信号と
して処理する画像処理部と、この画像処理部で処理した
結果を積層板表面の凹凸データとして表示する表示部
と、上記画像処理部からの信号にもとづいて上記位相板
回転手段に指令信号を出力する回転制御部とを具備した
構成としてある。The present invention will be described in detail below. First, an example of a laminated plate manufacturing system to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a metal plate made of a thin iron plate or the like, which is preheated from a supply roll 2 via a heating unit 2a and then sent to a laminating roller 5. Reference numerals 3 and 3 are thin resin films such as polyethylene terephthalate, which are sent from the supply rolls 4 and 4 to the laminating roller 5. In the laminating roller 5, the resin films 3 and 3 are attached to both sides of the metal plate 1 to form the laminated plate 6. The laminated plate 6 is wound around a winding roll 8 via a support roll 7. Reference numeral 10 denotes an unevenness inspection device, in which a microscope is arranged so as to face the support roll 7, and the surface unevenness of the laminated plate 6 passing through the support roll 7 is inspected. The method of the present invention carried out using such an example of the manufacturing system is such that the light passed through the polarizer and the phase plate is projected onto the surface of the laminated plate, and the light reflected on the surface of the laminated plate is passed through an analyzer. Observe, at this time the axial direction of the phase plate is rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to the orientation direction of the resin film, to perform unevenness inspection of the laminated plate surface by observing unevenness of the laminated plate surface as a bright and dark image, Preferably, the axial direction of the phase plate is rotated by 45, 135, 225 or 315 ° ± 20 ° with respect to the orientation direction of the resin film, or the axial direction of the phase plate is oriented with respect to the orientation direction of the resin film. Then, it is rotated by an angle that maximizes the image contrast of the unevenness on the surface of the laminated plate. Further, the device of the present invention includes a light source, a polarizer,
A microscope equipped with a rotatable phase plate, a rotating means for the phase plate, and an analyzer, an image processing unit for processing an image reflected on the microscope as an image signal, and a laminated plate surface for the result processed by the image processing unit. The display unit for displaying the unevenness data of (1) and the rotation control unit for outputting a command signal to the phase plate rotating means based on a signal from the image processing unit.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について詳細に説明す
る。まず、図２によって、積層板の凹凸検査装置の一実
施例について説明する。同図において、１１０は光学式
の顕微鏡であり、光源１１１，偏光子１１２，ハーフミ
ラー１１３，回転可能な位相板１１４，対物レンズ，検
光子１１６及び接眼レンズ１１７からなっている。ま
た、１２０はビデオカメラであり、顕微鏡１１０で観察
した積層板６の表面を観察画像として撮影する。１３０
は画像処理部であり、ビデオカメラ１２０からの画像信
号を処理して表示部１４０に表示する。１１９は位相板
１１４を回転させるための位相板回転手段であり、画像
処理部１３０からの信号にもとづいて位相板１１４の位
置を決定する回転制御部１１８からの指令信号によって
動作する。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below. First, one embodiment of the unevenness inspection device for a laminated plate will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 110 denotes an optical microscope, which includes a light source 111, a polarizer 112, a half mirror 113, a rotatable phase plate 114, an objective lens, an analyzer 116, and an eyepiece lens 117. A video camera 120 captures the surface of the laminated plate 6 observed by the microscope 110 as an observation image. 130
Is an image processing unit, which processes an image signal from the video camera 120 and displays it on the display unit 140. Reference numeral 119 is a phase plate rotating means for rotating the phase plate 114, and operates by a command signal from the rotation control unit 118 that determines the position of the phase plate 114 based on a signal from the image processing unit 130.
【００１０】次に、上記のような構成の検査装置を用い
て行なう検査原理を図３によって説明する。まず、金属
板に積層貼り合わせされる樹脂フィルム３について説明
すると、この樹脂フィルム３は、予め溶融押し出しで作
った反物を二軸延伸して（長手方向および幅方向ともに
数倍に引きのばして）製造するので、フィルム内の分子
鎖は面方向に二軸配向し、光学的に偏光特性を有する。
長手方向および幅方向への配向の程度は原反のわずかな
厚みむら及び引き延ばし力の分布によって変化し、その
程度は幅の中央部と両側端部とで大幅に変化する。フィ
ルムは約３〜７ｍの幅があり、それに貼り合わせられる
金属板の幅は１ｍ程度なので、フィルムは縦に数分割に
スリットされたものが用いられる。そのため、ロットご
との差も発生する。したがって、本発明の方法で表面の
みを良好に観察するためには、フィルムの幅およびロッ
トごとに位相板１１４の回転角度を調節する必要が生ず
る。Next, the principle of inspection performed by using the inspection apparatus having the above-mentioned structure will be described with reference to FIG. First, the resin film 3 laminated and bonded to a metal plate will be described. The resin film 3 is obtained by biaxially stretching a piece of cloth that has been prepared by melt extrusion in advance (stretching it several times in both the longitudinal and width directions). As manufactured, the molecular chains in the film are biaxially oriented in the plane direction and have optical polarization characteristics.
The degree of orientation in the longitudinal direction and the width direction changes depending on the slight thickness unevenness of the original fabric and the distribution of the stretching force, and the degree thereof greatly changes at the central portion and both end portions of the width. The film has a width of about 3 to 7 m, and the width of the metal plate attached to the film is about 1 m. Therefore, a film slit vertically is used. Therefore, a difference between lots also occurs. Therefore, in order to satisfactorily observe only the surface by the method of the present invention, it becomes necessary to adjust the rotation angle of the phase plate 114 for each film width and lot.
【００１１】上述した積層板６の樹脂フィルム３と金属
板１の間に気泡Ｂがあると、樹脂フィルム層の表面に膨
らみを生ずる。気泡の大きさは、その大部分が直径１０
μｍ程度であるが、樹脂フィルムの厚み２５μｍの表面
の膨らみの大きさは一桁大きい１００μｍ程度になり、
その高さはほぼ２μｍ程度の微小な膨らみとなる。気泡
が数個密集合した場合や異物を挟み込んだものでは、樹
脂フィルム層の表面には大きな一個の膨らみが生じるの
で、その大きさからおおよその状態を推測できる。If there are bubbles B between the resin film 3 and the metal plate 1 of the above-mentioned laminated plate 6, a bulge occurs on the surface of the resin film layer. Most of the bubbles have a diameter of 10
Although it is about μm, the size of the bulge on the surface of the resin film having a thickness of 25 μm is about 100 μm, which is one digit larger.
The height is a minute bulge of about 2 μm. When several bubbles are densely aggregated or when a foreign substance is sandwiched between them, one large bulge is generated on the surface of the resin film layer, and therefore the approximate state can be inferred from the size.
【００１２】樹脂フィルム層の表面に垂直に投射された
光は、異常のない部分イでは、入射光と同じ垂直方向に
反射し明るく観察されるが、気泡などに起因する膨らみ
の斜面ロ，ロでは斜め方向に反射してしまい、入射絞り
で遮断されるので暗い像として観察される。また、膨ら
みの頂上部分ハでは、イと同様に同軸に反射するので明
るく観察され、膨らみ全体はドーナツ状の暗い輪として
見える。The light projected perpendicularly to the surface of the resin film layer is reflected brightly in the same vertical direction as the incident light in the area A where there is no abnormality, and is observed brightly. Then, the light is reflected in an oblique direction and is blocked by the entrance diaphragm, so that it is observed as a dark image. In addition, at the crest of the bulge, which is reflected coaxially as in (a), it is observed brightly, and the entire bulge appears as a donut-shaped dark ring.
【００１３】位相板の回転角と視野の明るさの変化は、
フィルムの製造ライン方向を０−１８０度として示した
とき、ライン方向とその直角方向に明るい四ツ葉のクロ
ーバの形となり（図４のＩ）、明るく見える方向ではフ
ィルムを通して金属板の圧延筋等による粗面が見える。
明るさが極小となるほぼ４５，１３５，２２５，３１５
度の位置では、フィルムは不透明になり、表面反射光だ
けが見え、同時に気泡に起因する膨らみが暗いドーナツ
状に見えてくる。明るさが極小となる範囲は、上記４
５，１３５，２２５，３１５度を基準としてそれぞれ±
５から±２０度の範囲（Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄ）に限られる。
上記の四つの位置はいずれでも同様な映像となるので、
４５度方向の位置で観察して充分であり、位相板１１４
の回転は０−９０度の第一象限だけで充分である。The change in the rotation angle of the phase plate and the brightness of the visual field is
When the film production line direction is shown as 0 to 180 degrees, it becomes a bright four-leaf clover shape in the line direction and the direction perpendicular to it (I in Fig. 4), and in the bright direction, it is rough due to rolling streaks of the metal plate through the film. I can see the surface.
Almost 45,135,225,315 with minimum brightness
In degrees, the film becomes opaque and only the surface-reflected light is visible, while at the same time the bulge caused by bubbles appears as a dark donut. The minimum brightness range is 4 above.
± 5,135,225,315 degrees
It is limited to the range of 5 to ± 20 degrees (A, B, C, D).
Since the above four positions will be similar images in all,
It is sufficient to observe at a position of 45 degrees, and the phase plate 114
Rotation of 0-90 degrees is sufficient for the first quadrant only.
【００１４】次に、本発明方法の一実施例について説明
する。光源１からの光を偏光子と位相板１１４を通して
積層板６に垂直に投射する。積層板６で反射した光は、
再度位相板１１４を通り、ハーフミラー１１３を通過し
て検光子１１６を通りビデオカメラ１２０で受光され
る。このとき、直線偏光を位相板軸の回転角に応じて楕
円偏光化し、積層板６に投射した光は、フィルム３の表
面では同位相で反射し、フィルム３を透過して金属板１
の表面で反射したものは逆位相で反射すると同時にフィ
ルム３の偏光特性によって位相差が生じる。そして再
度、位相板１１４を通過して直線偏光化すると、フィル
ム３の表面反射と金属板１の表面反射に偏光角の違いが
でるので、位相板１１４の軸角度を変化することで金属
板１からの反射光を検光子１１６で遮断し、フィルム表
面の反射光のみを取り出すことができる。また、積層板
６が分子配向しているときは、偏光特性を有するので、
フィルム内部を通過する光は配向の程度および方向に応
じて楕円偏光化され、またはある方向の成分が欠落す
る。このときは、位相板１１４の軸方向を回転調節する
ことで、欠落した成分方向と検光子１１６の軸方向を一
致、あるいは楕円偏光の軸方向と直交させることでフィ
ルム内を通過した光を検光子１１６で遮断できる。以上
のようにしてフィルム内を通過した光を減衰させるの
で、金属板面の圧延筋による凹凸面が見えず、フィルム
の表面で反射した光だけを強調した映像をビデオカメラ
１２０で撮影することができる。Next, an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described. The light from the light source 1 is vertically projected onto the laminated plate 6 through the polarizer and the phase plate 114. The light reflected by the laminated plate 6 is
The light again passes through the phase plate 114, the half mirror 113, the analyzer 116, and is received by the video camera 120. At this time, the linearly polarized light is elliptically polarized according to the rotation angle of the phase plate axis, and the light projected on the laminated plate 6 is reflected in the same phase on the surface of the film 3 and passes through the film 3 to pass through the metal plate 1.
What is reflected on the surface of (3) is reflected in the opposite phase, and at the same time, a phase difference occurs due to the polarization characteristics of the film 3. When the light is passed through the phase plate 114 again to be linearly polarized, a difference in polarization angle occurs between the surface reflection of the film 3 and the surface reflection of the metal plate 1. Therefore, by changing the axis angle of the phase plate 114, the metal plate 1 It is possible to block only the reflected light from the film surface by blocking the reflected light from the analyzer 116. Further, when the laminated plate 6 is molecularly oriented, it has polarization characteristics,
Light passing through the film is elliptically polarized depending on the degree and direction of orientation, or lacks components in certain directions. At this time, by rotating and adjusting the axial direction of the phase plate 114, the missing component direction and the axial direction of the analyzer 116 are made coincident with each other, or the light passing through the film is detected by making them orthogonal to the axial direction of the elliptically polarized light. It can be blocked by the photon 116. Since the light passing through the film is attenuated as described above, the video camera 120 can shoot an image in which the uneven surface due to the rolling streaks of the metal plate surface is not visible and only the light reflected on the surface of the film is emphasized. it can.
【００１５】ビデオカメラ１２０で撮影した映像画面
は、画像処理部１３０において公知の手法で処理され表
示部１４０に映し出される。目視検査の場合、位相板１
１４の回転操作は表示部１３０の画面を見ながら表面状
態が最も良好と思われる角度に位相板１１４を手動で回
転し、膨らみの映像の有無を判断する。なお、ビデオカ
メラ１２０のモニター画面を見ながら位相板１１４を手
動調整することもできる。この場合、ストロボで撮影さ
れた画像を処理して２値化した画像は、次の場所（ライ
ン方向および幅方向）の処理が終わるまでの間、前の画
像をそのまま静止画像として停止表示する。その時間
は、目視で膨らみの像が有るか否かを充分に判断するに
必要な、最低でも０．１秒以上とする。そして、判別は
予め用意した数段階の不良限度見本の表示画面写真と比
較して行なう。A video screen imaged by the video camera 120 is processed by a known method in the image processing unit 130 and displayed on the display unit 140. Phase plate 1 for visual inspection
In the rotating operation of 14, the phase plate 114 is manually rotated to an angle at which the surface condition is considered to be the best while looking at the screen of the display unit 130, and it is determined whether or not there is a bulge image. The phase plate 114 can be manually adjusted while looking at the monitor screen of the video camera 120. In this case, the image obtained by processing the image captured by the strobe and binarizing the image is stopped and displayed as a still image of the previous image until the processing of the next place (line direction and width direction) is completed. The time is at least 0.1 second or more, which is necessary for sufficiently judging whether or not there is a bulge image visually. Then, the determination is made by comparing with the display screen photographs of several stages of defect limit samples prepared in advance.
【００１６】これを自動検査するには、良好な画面とな
る位相板１１４の角度の選定と、膨らみの有無を自動的
に判別する。すなわち、ビデオカメラ１２０の映像が暗
くなる位置で、フィルム表面の良好な画像を得て膨らみ
の個数と面積を求めるための画像処理を行ない、この処
理結果にもとづいて回転制御部１１８で位相板１１４の
回転角を求め、位相板回転手段１１９を作動させて位相
板１１４の角度を制御する。In order to automatically inspect this, the angle of the phase plate 114 that provides a good screen is selected and the presence or absence of bulge is automatically determined. That is, at the position where the image of the video camera 120 becomes dark, image processing for obtaining a good image of the film surface and obtaining the number and area of bulges is performed, and based on the processing result, the rotation control unit 118 causes the phase plate 114 to perform the image processing. , The phase plate rotating means 119 is operated to control the angle of the phase plate 114.
【００１７】自動検査する方法を具体的に説明する。 (1) 良好な画像を得るための位相板１１４の制御 位相板１１４の軸を０度から時計方向に９０度まで６４
分割し、この角度ごとに位相板１１４をパルスモータで
回転させながら、積層板の表面をビデオカメラ１２０で
撮影する。そして撮影した画面をデジタル値として図示
しないメモリーに取り込む。角度の分割精度は約１．４
度であり、良好な画面を得る最低範囲の５度を表わすに
は充分である。次に、画面の明るさの代表値として、全
画面の中心部付近における縦方向の数本の走査線の積算
値をとり、回転角と明るさの関係を図示しない演算用メ
モリーに取り込む。通常４５度方向の３２個目のデータ
近傍で急激に暗くなる極小点が一箇所だけ見つかる。画
面の明るさが最低となる位置に位相板１１４の軸を戻す
と、フィルムの配向に特に乱れがなければ、この表面状
態が最も良好に見える位置であり、その位置で膨らみの
個数を数える処理を行なう。その範囲は±５度程度であ
る。積層板のロットの違いなどによっては、画面の明る
さのデータも四っ葉のクローバの形が崩れたり右に傾い
たりする（図４のII）。また、別の場合には、明るさの
低下する角度が複数回現われ、前述の角度以外でも表面
の画像が見えることもあるが、その中でも最も右回り側
（角度の大きい方）の極小点の±２０度の範囲が良好な
映像となるので、これをデータとして取り込む。いった
んその角度が設定されると、フィルムの配向状態が長手
方向には変化が少ないので、そのままでも気泡の検査は
可能であるが、長手方向にも幾分かの変化があるので、
極小点にあるか否かのチェックが必要になる。再度０−
９０度の間を探すのは無駄なので、先程まで設定してい
た角度の前後の小角度（前後３ステップ程度，約±４
度）の明暗データを取り、その最小値に設定変更するこ
とで、時間の無駄を省く。しかし、フィルムのロットが
切り替わったときは、どのようなフィルムか不明なの
で、最初から角度設定の操作を行なう。これはフィルム
の巻物を交換する操作と連動させる。The method of automatic inspection will be specifically described. (1) Control of the phase plate 114 for obtaining a good image The axis of the phase plate 114 is 64 degrees from 0 degree to 90 degrees clockwise.
The surface of the laminated plate is photographed by the video camera 120 while the phase plate 114 is divided at each angle and rotated by the pulse motor. Then, the captured screen is captured as a digital value in a memory (not shown). Angle division accuracy is about 1.4
Degrees, which is sufficient to represent the lowest range of 5 degrees that produces a good screen. Next, as a representative value of the screen brightness, an integrated value of several vertical scanning lines near the central portion of the entire screen is obtained, and the relationship between the rotation angle and the brightness is stored in a calculation memory (not shown). Normally, only one local minimum point is found in the vicinity of the 32nd data in the 45-degree direction, where it becomes dark rapidly. When the axis of the phase plate 114 is returned to the position where the screen brightness is the lowest, this surface state is the position where it looks best if there is no particular disturbance in the orientation of the film, and the process of counting the number of bulges at that position. Do. The range is about ± 5 degrees. Depending on the difference in the lots of laminated boards, the data on the screen brightness also causes the shape of the four-leaf clover to collapse or tilt to the right (II in Fig. 4). In another case, the angle where the brightness decreases appears multiple times, and the image of the surface may be seen even at angles other than the above-mentioned angle, but among them, the minimum point on the most clockwise side (the one with the largest angle) Since a favorable image is obtained in the range of ± 20 degrees, this is captured as data. Once the angle is set, the orientation of the film does not change much in the longitudinal direction, so it is possible to inspect bubbles as it is, but there are some changes in the longitudinal direction as well.
It is necessary to check whether it is at the minimum point. 0-again
Since it is useless to search between 90 degrees, a small angle before and after the angle set up to the previous time (about 3 steps before and after, about ± 4
By taking the brightness data of (degree) and changing the setting to the minimum value, time is saved. However, when the film lot is switched, it is unclear what kind of film it is, so the angle setting operation is performed from the beginning. This is linked to the operation of changing the film roll.
【００１８】(2) 画像の取込みと膨らみの個数と面積の
計算 画像取り込みは、ＣＣＤ式の５１２×５１２画素の工業
用ビデオカメラを用い、コンピュータにも同数画素の画
像メモリーを用意した。取り込んだ映像から膨らみだけ
を黒、その他の部分を白として抽出するが、その前に画
像の中央部と周辺部とでは明るさが違うので、シェーデ
ィング補正によって、画像全体の明るさを平滑化したも
のを原画像から差引き、明暗の変化分のみを強調した画
像を得る。次いで、明度の頻度分布のため、画像の明る
さを最暗値を０，最大明値を２５６に正規化し、各明る
さの画素数の分布を得る。この場合、明度１２８を中心
にほぼ正規分布をするが、気泡の無いものでは約１００
〜１５５に分布し、気泡の有るものでは約６４〜１７０
と広がる（図５（ａ），（ｂ））。次いで、白黒２値化
処理を行う。頻度分布図から閾値を１００に選んで図５
（ａ），（ｂ）の画像を２値化し、膨らみの像を抽出す
る（図６（ａ），（ｂ））。気泡の無いものでも表面の
わずかな凹凸が有り、幾分かの黒い像が残るが、気泡の
有るものでは多数の黒い像が見られる。次いで、黒画像
の面積分布を求める。各黒画像の画素数そのまま相対面
積として表現し、その頻度分布を求める（図７（ａ），
（ｂ））。気泡の無いものでは面積値が２５〜３０付近
以上の画像はきわめて少なく、気泡の有るものでは面積
相対値が１００程度の大きいものまで分布する。次い
で、この黒画像の面積分布より、気泡有無の判別を行な
う。仮に面積値２５を閾値として、それ以上を気泡と判
断する。閾値以上の画像が見られたときを気泡の発生と
判断する。(2) Image capture and calculation of the number and area of bulges For image capture, a CCD type 512 × 512 pixel industrial video camera was used, and an image memory of the same number of pixels was prepared for the computer. Only the bulge is extracted from the captured image as black and the other parts are extracted as white, but the brightness of the central part and the peripheral part of the image is different before that, so the brightness of the entire image was smoothed by shading correction. Objects are subtracted from the original image to obtain an image in which only the changes in light and dark are emphasized. Next, for the frequency distribution of brightness, the brightness of the image is normalized so that the darkest value is 0 and the maximum brightness value is 256, and the distribution of the number of pixels of each brightness is obtained. In this case, a normal distribution is centered around the brightness 128, but about 100 without bubbles.
~ 155, about 64-170 with air bubbles
(Figs. 5 (a) and 5 (b)). Next, black and white binarization processing is performed. From the frequency distribution chart, select the threshold value as 100 and
The images of (a) and (b) are binarized and the image of the bulge is extracted (FIGS. 6A and 6B). Even without bubbles, there are slight irregularities on the surface, leaving some black images, but with bubbles there are many black images. Next, the area distribution of the black image is obtained. The number of pixels of each black image is expressed as it is as a relative area, and its frequency distribution is obtained (Fig. 7 (a),
(B)). In the case where there are no bubbles, the number of images having an area value of around 25 to 30 or more is extremely small, and in the case where there are bubbles, the area relative value is distributed up to about 100. Next, the presence or absence of bubbles is determined from the area distribution of this black image. Temporarily, the area value 25 is set as a threshold, and the area larger than that is determined to be a bubble. It is judged that bubbles are generated when an image of which the threshold value or more is seen.
【００１９】(3) 高速オンライン検査 光源１にストロボフラッシュランプを用い、画像処理部
１３０の画像取り込みと同期させ、４μｓｅｃとして撮
影したところ、ライン速度が毎分２００ｍで走行する積
層板６を静止画像として撮影できた。画像解析には約１
秒の時間を要するので、３．３ｍごとの自動的な抜き取
り検査となるが、樹脂フィルムの貼り合わせ工程での気
泡の発生は、ライン速度がある限度を越えた場合と、樹
脂フィルムと金属板とを押しつける圧力がある限度以下
に低下した場合に急激に増える性質があり、一本の積層
板６は数千ｍの長さがあるので、この程度の抜取りでも
実質的に連続検査と見なせる。(3) High-speed online inspection Using a strobe flash lamp as the light source 1 and synchronizing with the image capturing of the image processing unit 130 and photographing for 4 μsec, a still image of the laminated plate 6 running at a line speed of 200 m / min was taken. I was able to shoot as. About 1 for image analysis
Since it takes a second time, it is an automatic sampling inspection every 3.3 m, but bubbles are generated in the resin film bonding process when the line speed exceeds a certain limit, when the resin film and the metal plate When the pressure for pressing and is lowered below a certain limit, it has a property of rapidly increasing, and since the single laminated plate 6 has a length of several thousand m, even such a sampling can be regarded as a substantially continuous inspection.
【００２０】なお、缶の外面のフィルムは、商標や模様
を印刷する下地とするために、酸化チタン等の顔料が添
加されているので、白く着色され光学的に不透明な場合
がある。本発明はこのような不透明フィルムでも、上記
透明フィルムと同じ条件でフィルム表面の膨らみも検知
できるので、直接には観察不可能な気泡の存在を検査す
ることもできる。The film on the outer surface of the can is colored white and may be optically opaque because a pigment such as titanium oxide is added to it as a base for printing a trademark or a pattern. In the present invention, even with such an opaque film, since the bulge on the film surface can be detected under the same conditions as those of the transparent film, it is possible to directly inspect the presence of bubbles that cannot be observed.
【００２１】また、積層板６と投射および観察の光軸の
なす角度を幾分か傾けると、これまで明るく見えていた
正常な平面部が暗く見え、膨らみの一部分で光軸に垂直
となる部分が明るく見えて、明暗が逆転した画像とな
る。これは幾何学的には同一であり、画像処理の２値化
処理において明暗のどちらを”１”どちらを”０”とす
るのかの違いだけで行なえる。Further, when the angle between the laminated plate 6 and the optical axes of projection and observation is slightly inclined, the normal plane portion which has been bright until now appears dark and a part of the bulge which is perpendicular to the optical axis. Appears to be bright, and the light and dark are reversed. This is geometrically the same, and can be performed only by the difference between bright and dark “1” and which “0” in the binarization processing of the image processing.
【００２２】本発明は、無配向あるいは一軸配向のフィ
ルムを用いた積層板に適用することも可能である。The present invention can also be applied to a laminate using a non-oriented or uniaxially oriented film.
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明の積層板の凹凸検
査方法によれば、金属板と樹脂フィルムの間に介在する
気泡，異物等に起因する積層板の膨らみ（凹凸）を金属
板表面の圧延筋等に影響されることなく正確に検出でき
る。また、樹脂フルムの配向，厚みの変化に対しても位
相板の軸方向回転角を調整することによって容易に対応
することができる。さらに、本発明の積層板の凹凸検査
装置によれば、簡単な構成の装置で上述の方法を自動的
に行なうことができる。As described above, according to the method for inspecting unevenness of a laminated plate of the present invention, the bulge (unevenness) of the laminated plate caused by bubbles, foreign matters, etc. interposed between the metal plate and the resin film is detected. It can be accurately detected without being affected by the rolling streaks on the surface. Further, it is possible to easily cope with the change in the orientation and thickness of the resin flume by adjusting the axial rotation angle of the phase plate. Furthermore, according to the unevenness inspection apparatus for a laminated plate of the present invention, the above-mentioned method can be automatically performed with an apparatus having a simple structure.
【図１】本発明を適用する積層板の製造システムを示す
概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a laminated plate manufacturing system to which the present invention is applied.
【図２】本発明の検査装置の一実施例を示す構成図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an inspection apparatus of the present invention.
【図３】積層板表面における光の反射状態を示す説明図
である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a light reflection state on the surface of the laminated plate.
【図４】位相板の回転角と視野の明るさの変化を示す説
明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the rotation angle of the phase plate and the brightness of the visual field.
【図５】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は気泡の有る場合と無い場合
における画像の明るさを画素数の分布状態で示したグラ
フである。5 (a) and 5 (b) are graphs showing the brightness of an image with and without bubbles with a distribution state of the number of pixels.
【図６】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は図５（ａ）及び（ｂ）を２
値化処理して膨らみの像を抽出した図である。6 (a) and (b) are the same as FIG. 5 (a) and (b).
It is the figure which extracted the image of the bulge by carrying out a value-izing process.
【図７】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は図６（ａ）及び（ｂ）の面
積分布を示す図である。7A and 7B are diagrams showing the area distributions of FIGS. 6A and 6B.
１０ 凹凸検査装置 １１０ 顕微鏡 １１１ 光源 １１２ 偏光子 １１４ 位相板 １１５ 対物レンズ １１６ 検光子 １１７ 接眼レンズ １１８ 回転制御部 １１９ 位相板回転手段 １２０ ビデオカメラ １３０ 画像処理部 １４０ 表示部 10 Concavo-convex inspection device 110 Microscope 111 Light source 112 Polarizer 114 Phase plate 115 Objective lens 116 Analyzer 117 Eyepiece 118 Rotation control unit 119 Phase plate rotating means 120 Video camera 130 Image processing unit 140 Display unit
Claims (6)
成した積層板の、上記金属板と樹脂フィルムとの間に介
在する気泡，異物等に起因して積層板表面に現われる凹
凸を検査する方法において、 積層板の表面に、偏光子と位相板を通過させた光を投射
し、かつ積層板の表面で反射した光を検光子を介して観
察し、このとき上記位相板の軸方向を所定の角度だけ回
転させ、積層板表面の凹凸を明暗像として観察すること
によって積層板表面の凹凸検査を行なうことを特徴とし
た積層板の凹凸検査方法。1. A method of inspecting a laminated plate formed by laminating a resin film on a metal plate, for unevenness appearing on the surface of the laminated plate due to air bubbles, foreign matters, etc. existing between the metal plate and the resin film. In the above, the light passing through the polarizer and the phase plate is projected on the surface of the laminated plate, and the light reflected on the surface of the laminated plate is observed through an analyzer, and the axial direction of the phase plate is set to a predetermined value. The method for inspecting unevenness of a laminated plate is characterized in that the unevenness of the surface of the laminated plate is inspected by observing the unevenness of the surface of the laminated plate as a bright and dark image.
フィルムの配向方向に対して所定の角度だけ回転させる
請求項１記載の積層板の凹凸検査方法。2. The unevenness inspection method for a laminate according to claim 1, wherein the rotation of the phase plate in the axial direction is rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to the orientation direction of the resin film.
方向に対して４５，１３５，２２５又は３１５度±２０
度の範囲だけ回転させる請求項２記載の積層板の凹凸検
査方法。3. The axial direction of the phase plate is 45, 135, 225 or 315 degrees ± 20 with respect to the orientation direction of the resin film.
The method for inspecting unevenness of a laminated plate according to claim 2, which is rotated by a range of degrees.
方向に対して、積層板表面の凹凸の映像コントラストが
最大となる角度だけ回転させる請求項２記載の積層板の
凹凸検査方法。4. The method for inspecting unevenness of a laminate according to claim 2, wherein the axial direction of the phase plate is rotated by an angle with which the image contrast of the unevenness on the surface of the laminate is maximized with respect to the orientation direction of the resin film.
て自動的に調整する請求項１，２，３又は４記載の積層
板の凹凸検査方法。5. The unevenness inspection method for a laminate according to claim 1, wherein the rotation of the phase plate is automatically adjusted based on an image observed.
成した積層板の、上記金属板と樹脂フィルムとの間に介
在する気泡，異物等に起因して積層板表面に現われる凹
凸を検査する装置において、 光源，偏光子，回転可能な位相板，この位相板の回転手
段及び検光子を備えた顕微鏡と、 この顕微鏡で観察した積層板の表面を撮影する撮影手段
と、 この撮影手段で撮影した観察画像を画像信号として処理
する画像処理部と、 この画像処理部で処理した結果を積層板表面の凹凸デー
タとして表示する表示部と、 上記画像処理部からの信号にもとづいて上記位相板回転
手段に指令信号を出力する回転制御部とを具備したこと
を特徴とする積層板の凹凸検査装置。6. An apparatus for inspecting unevenness appearing on the surface of a laminated plate, which is formed by laminating a resin film on a metal plate, due to air bubbles, foreign matters, etc. existing between the metal plate and the resin film. In, a microscope equipped with a light source, a polarizer, a rotatable phase plate, a rotating means for this phase plate, and an analyzer, a photographing means for photographing the surface of the laminated plate observed by this microscope, and a photographing means for photographing with this photographing means An image processing unit that processes the observed image as an image signal, a display unit that displays the result processed by the image processing unit as unevenness data on the surface of the laminated plate, and the phase plate rotating means based on the signal from the image processing unit. And a rotation control section for outputting a command signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4359827A JP2560599B2 (en) | 1992-12-28 | 1992-12-28 | Laminated board unevenness inspection method and inspection apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4359827A JP2560599B2 (en) | 1992-12-28 | 1992-12-28 | Laminated board unevenness inspection method and inspection apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06201610A JPH06201610A (en) | 1994-07-22 |
| JP2560599B2 true JP2560599B2 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
Family
ID=18466502
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4359827A Expired - Fee Related JP2560599B2 (en) | 1992-12-28 | 1992-12-28 | Laminated board unevenness inspection method and inspection apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2560599B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4979114B2 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2012-07-18 | 株式会社ニレコ | Defect detection apparatus for laminate film and defect detection method for laminate film |
| JP4807154B2 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2011-11-02 | パナソニック株式会社 | Defect detection method |
| KR20110029011A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Apparatus for detecting debris inside pouch type battery |
| KR102086411B1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-03-09 | 주식회사 코엠에스 | PCB Plate Film Monitoring System |
| JP7485503B2 (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2024-05-16 | ツェット・エフ・オートモーティブ・ジャーマニー・ゲーエムベーハー | METHOD FOR EVALUATING A LAMINATE, APPARATUS FOR EVALUATING A LAMINATE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A LAMINATE, AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING A LAMINATE |
| CN117088071B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-01-23 | 山西戴德测控技术股份有限公司 | System, server and method for positioning damaged position of conveyor belt |
-
1992
- 1992-12-28 JP JP4359827A patent/JP2560599B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06201610A (en) | 1994-07-22 |
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