JP2507930B2 - Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy - Google Patents

Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

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Publication number
JP2507930B2
JP2507930B2 JP7075787A JP7075787A JP2507930B2 JP 2507930 B2 JP2507930 B2 JP 2507930B2 JP 7075787 A JP7075787 A JP 7075787A JP 7075787 A JP7075787 A JP 7075787A JP 2507930 B2 JP2507930 B2 JP 2507930B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
film layer
synchronous ring
mating member
wear
contact surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP7075787A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63238257A (en
Inventor
英俊 阿久津
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Materials Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority to JP7075787A priority Critical patent/JP2507930B2/en
Priority to KR1019880002323A priority patent/KR910009871B1/en
Priority to DE3809994A priority patent/DE3809994C3/en
Publication of JPS63238257A publication Critical patent/JPS63238257A/en
Priority to US07/416,867 priority patent/US4995924A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2507930B2 publication Critical patent/JP2507930B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、特に相手部材との当り面の初期なじみ性
にすぐれ、かつ耐摩耗性にもすぐれたCu系合金製変速機
用同期リングに関するものである。
Description: [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a synchronizing ring for a transmission made of Cu-based alloy, which is particularly excellent in initial conformability of a contact surface with a mating member and is also excellent in wear resistance. It is a thing.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来、一般に、変速機用同期リングは、第1図に斜視
図で例示されるように、内面1が回転するテーパーコー
ンとの当り面となり、この当り面に相手部材たるテーパ
ーコーンが高面圧板で断続的に面接触し、一方外周面に
はキーが嵌合するキー溝3が形成され、さらに、その外
縁にそつて所定間隔おきに設けたチヤンフア2が同じく
相手部材たるハブスリーブのチヤンフアとかみ合う機能
をもつことから、強度、耐摩耗性、および相手部材とな
じみ性を具備することが要求され、したがつてその製造
には、これらの特性をもつた高力黄銅が多用されてい
る。なお、同期リングには、この他にネジが外周側につ
き、この外周側で相手部材であるテーパーコーンと摩擦
する、通称ピンタイプのものがある。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, generally, in a transmission synchronizing ring, as shown in a perspective view of FIG. 1, an inner surface 1 serves as a contact surface with a rotating tapered cone, and a tapered cone serving as a mating member on the contact surface has a high surface pressure plate. , And a key groove 3 into which a key is fitted is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and further, a chamfer 2 provided at a predetermined interval along the outer edge of the chamfer 2 with a chamfer of a hub sleeve which is also a mating member. It is required to have strength, wear resistance, and compatibility with the mating member because it has a function of engaging with each other. Therefore, high-strength brass having these characteristics is often used in the production thereof. In addition, there is another type of the synchronous ring having a so-called pin type in which a screw is provided on an outer peripheral side and friction occurs with a tapered cone as a mating member on the outer peripheral side.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problems to be solved by the invention]

しかし、近年の変速機の高出力化に伴い、上記の従来
高力黄銅製同期リングにおいては、特に上記のテーパー
コーンやキー、さらにハブスリーブのチヤンフアのうち
の少なくともいずれかの相手部材との当り面は高面圧を
受けるようになるため、初期なじみ性が低下し、これに
よつて輝面摩耗や凝着摩耗などによる異常摩耗が多発す
るようになり、使用寿命短命化の原因となつている。
However, with the recent increase in power output of transmissions, in the above conventional high-strength brass synchronizing ring, the contact with at least one of the taper cone and the key and the hub sleeve chamfer is particularly important. Since the surface is subjected to high surface pressure, the initial conformability is reduced, which causes frequent abnormal wear due to bright surface wear and adhesive wear, which is a cause of shortening the service life. There is.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

そこで、本発明者等は、上記のような従来高力黄銅製
変速機用同期リングのもつ問題点を解決すべく研究を行
なつた結果、重量%で(以下%は重量%を示す)、 Zn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%、 Si:0.2〜2%、Mn:0.1〜5%、 を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、 Sn:0.1〜3%と、 Ti、Zr、およびCrのうちの1種または2種以上:0.05〜
1.5%、 のいずれか、または両方を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不
純物からなる組成を有するCu系合金で構成し、かつ相手
部材との当り面の所要個所、すなわちテーパーコーンや
キー、さらにハブスリーブのチヤンフアのうちの少なく
ともいずれかの相手部材との当り面に、酸化アルミニウ
ム(Al2O3)を主体とする加熱酸化膜層(以下、酸化膜
層という)を0.1〜10μmの平均層厚で形成したCu合金
製変速機用同期リングにおいては、変速機の高出力化に
伴う高圧面下での使用条件でも、すぐれた初期なじみ性
を示し、使用初期における異常摩耗の発生が抑制される
ようになるという知見を得たのである。
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conducted research to solve the problems of the conventional high-strength brass transmission synchronizing ring as described above, and as a result, in% by weight (hereinafter,% means% by weight). Zn: 20-40%, Al: 2-8%, Si: 0.2-2%, Mn: 0.1-5%, and, if necessary, Sn: 0.1-3%, Ti, Zr, And one or more of Cr: 0.05 to
1.5%, or both, and the balance is composed of a Cu-based alloy having a composition consisting of Cu and inevitable impurities, and the required part of the contact surface with the mating member, that is, the taper cone, the key, and the hub. An average layer thickness of 0.1 to 10 μm of a heating oxide film layer (hereinafter referred to as an oxide film layer) mainly composed of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) on the contact surface of at least one of the sleeve members of the sleeve. The Cu alloy transmission synchronizing ring formed in 1) shows excellent initial conformability even under operating conditions under high pressure due to higher output of the transmission, and suppresses abnormal wear at the beginning of use. I got the knowledge that

この発明は、上記知見にもとづいてなされたものであ
つて、成分組成および酸化膜層の平均層厚を上記の通り
に限定した理由を説明する。
The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the reasons why the component composition and the average layer thickness of the oxide film layer are limited as described above will be explained.

(a) ZnおよびAl これらの成分は、合金の素地組織を決定する成分であ
つて、素地の耐摩耗性を向上させると共に、同期リング
に必要な強度と靭性を付与し、さらに初期なじみ性が良
好で、かつ金属同志の摩耗による輝面摩耗や凝着による
焼付き現象を防止する酸化膜層、すなわちAl2O3を主体
としたAl2O3−ZnO2系やAl2O3−ZnO2−CuO系の酸化膜層
をリング表面に形成するのに不可欠な成分であるが、そ
の含有量がZn:20%未満およびAl:2%未満では、所望の
特性および酸化膜層を確保することができず、一方その
含有量がZn:40%およびAl:8%を越えると、靭性が低下
するようになることから、その含有量を、それぞれZn:2
0〜40%、Al:2〜8%と定めた。
(A) Zn and Al These components are the components that determine the base metal structure of the alloy, improve the wear resistance of the base metal, and impart the strength and toughness required for the synchronizing ring, and further improve the initial conformability. good, and oxide film layer for preventing burn-in phenomenon due to the bright surface wear and adhesion due to the wear of the metal comrades, i.e. Al 2 O 3 -ZnO 2 system was mainly composed of Al 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 -ZnO 2- CuO is an essential component for forming an oxide layer on the ring surface, but if its content is less than 20% Zn and less than 2% Al, the desired properties and oxide layer are secured. However, if the content exceeds Zn: 40% and Al: 8%, the toughness will decrease.
It was set to 0 to 40% and Al: 2 to 8%.

(b) SiおよびMn これらの成分には、お互いに結合して、素地中に微細
に分散する金属間化合物を形成して、リングの強度およ
び靭性を向上させ、さらに耐曲耗性も向上させ、また酸
化膜層中にも分散含有して耐焼付け性を改善する作用が
あるが、その含有量が、Si:0.2%未満およびMn:0.1%未
満では前記作用に所望の効果が得られず、一方、その含
有量がそれぞれSi:2%およびMn:5%を越えると、溶解時
にスラグの発生が多くなることから、その含有量をSi:
0.2〜2%、Mn:0.1〜5%と定めた。
(B) Si and Mn These components are combined with each other to form an intermetallic compound finely dispersed in the matrix to improve the strength and toughness of the ring, and also improve the bending resistance. , And also has the effect of improving the baking resistance by being dispersedly contained in the oxide film layer, but if the content is less than Si: 0.2% and less than Mn: 0.1%, the desired effect cannot be obtained for the above-mentioned effect. On the other hand, if the content exceeds Si: 2% and Mn: 5%, respectively, the generation of slag increases during melting, so the content is changed to Si:
It was set to 0.2 to 2% and Mn: 0.1 to 5%.

(c) Sn Sn成分には、特に凝着摩耗を防止し、もつてすぐれた
耐焼付け性を確保する作用があるので、必要に応じて含
有されるが、その含有量が0.1%未満では、前記作用に
所望の向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量が3%を越
えると、熱間加工性が低下するようになることから、そ
の含有量を0.1〜3%と定めた。
(C) Sn The Sn component has an action of preventing adhesive wear and ensuring excellent seizure resistance, so it is contained if necessary, but if the content is less than 0.1%, The desired effect of the above action cannot be obtained, and if the content exceeds 3%, the hot workability is deteriorated. Therefore, the content is set to 0.1 to 3%.

(d) Ti、Zr、およびCr これらの成分には、素地に分散するMn−Si系の金属間
化合物を微細球状化すると共に、自体もMnおよびSiと複
化合物を形成して、強度、靭性、および耐摩耗性を向上
させる作用があるので、必要に応じて含有されるが、そ
の含有量が0.05%未満では前記作用に所望の向上効果が
得られず、一方その含有量が1.5%を越えてもより一層
の向上効果は現われず、経済性を考慮して、その含有量
を0.05〜1.5%と定めた。
(D) Ti, Zr, and Cr These components make the Mn-Si-based intermetallic compound dispersed in the matrix finely spheroidized, and also form a complex compound with Mn and Si to improve strength and toughness. , And, since it has the effect of improving wear resistance, it is contained if necessary, but if its content is less than 0.05%, the desired improving effect on the above action cannot be obtained, while its content is 1.5%. Even if the content exceeds the limit, no further improvement effect appears, and the content was set to 0.05 to 1.5% in consideration of economic efficiency.

なお、不可避不純物として、PやPb、さらにMgなどを
含有する場合があるが、これらの不可避不純物は合量で
1%以下であれば、特性に何らの影響を及ぼすものでは
ないので、合量で1%以下の範囲で含有が許容される。
As unavoidable impurities, P, Pb, and Mg may be contained. However, if these total unavoidable impurities are 1% or less in total, it does not affect the characteristics. However, the content is allowed within the range of 1% or less.

(e) 酸化膜層 酸化膜層には、ミクロ的に小さなポアが多数存在し、
このポアが実用時に油溜りとなつて初期なじみ性を向上
させる作用があるほか、同期時にリングは摩擦接触する
ために高温となるが、この酸化膜層は熱伝導性の低いも
のであることから、リング本体内部まで温度が上昇する
のを抑制する作用があり、さらにこの酸化膜層には、輝
面摩耗や凝着摩耗などの異常摩耗が起らず、正常摩耗を
進行させる作用があるが、その平均層厚が0.1μm未満
では前記作用に所望の効果が得られず、一方その平均層
厚が10μmを越えると、欠けや剥離が発生し易くなるこ
とから、その平均層厚を0.1〜10μmと定めた。
(E) Oxide film layer The oxide film layer has many microscopically small pores,
These pores act as an oil sump during practical use to improve the initial running-in property, and at the time of synchronization, the ring is in frictional contact and becomes hot, but this oxide film layer has low thermal conductivity. , Has the effect of suppressing the temperature rise inside the ring body, and this oxide film layer has the function of promoting normal wear without abnormal wear such as bright surface wear and adhesive wear. If the average layer thickness is less than 0.1 μm, the desired effects cannot be obtained, while if the average layer thickness exceeds 10 μm, chipping or peeling is likely to occur. It was set to 10 μm.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

つぎに、この発明の同期リングを実施例により具体的
に説明する。
Next, the synchronous ring according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to embodiments.

通常の高周波炉を用い、それぞれ第1表に示される成
分組成をもつたCu系合金溶湯を調製し、金型鋳造にて、
直径:200mmφ×長さ:400mmのビレツトを形成し、このビ
レツトを押出しプレスにて直径:60mmφの丸棒に押出
し、この丸棒を所定の長さに切断した後、切断片に600
〜750℃の範囲内の温度にて熱間鍛造を施し、さらに切
削加工を施し、引続いて大気中、100〜350℃の範囲内の
所定温度に、15分〜6時間の範囲 内の所定時間加熱して、同じく第1表に示される平均層
厚の酸化膜層を表面全体に形成することによつて、内
径:58mmφ×厚さ:4mmの寸法をもち、かつチヤンフア数:
36個の本発明同期リング1〜21および比較同期リング1
〜7をそれぞれ製造した。
Using a normal high-frequency furnace, prepare Cu-based alloy melts with the composition shown in Table 1, and mold casting
Diameter: 200 mmφ x length: 400 mm billet is formed, and this billet is extruded by an extrusion press into a 60 mmφ round bar, and the round bar is cut into a predetermined length, and then cut into 600 pieces.
Hot forging is performed at a temperature in the range of ~ 750 ° C, and further cutting is performed, and subsequently, in the atmosphere, at a predetermined temperature in the range of 100 to 350 ° C, in the range of 15 minutes to 6 hours. By heating for a predetermined period of time to form an oxide film layer having an average layer thickness shown in Table 1 on the entire surface, the inner diameter: 58 mmφ × thickness: 4 mm, and the Changhua number:
36 invention sync rings 1-21 and comparative sync ring 1
~ 7 were produced respectively.

なお、比較同期リング1〜7は、成分組成および酸化
膜層の平均層厚のうちのいずれかの条件(第1表に※印
を付したもの)がこの発明の範囲から外れたものであ
る。
In the comparative synchronizing rings 1 to 7, any one of the component composition and the average layer thickness of the oxide film layer (marked with * in Table 1) is out of the scope of the present invention. .

つぎに、この結果得られた各種の同期リングについ
て、 相手部材たるテーパーコーンの回転数:1000r.p.m.、 押付け荷重:55kg、 油:80番ミツシヨンオイル、 油温:70℃、 テーパーコーンの作動:0.25〜0.3秒の同期時間で20000
回、 の条件でシンクロ耐久試験を行ない、リング内面におけ
る落ち込み量(摩耗量)、凝着摩耗の有無、初期(500
回まで)および後期(安定期)の摩擦係数をそれぞれ測
定および観察し、さらに、 相手部材たるテーパーコーンの回転数:2000r.p.m.、 押付け荷重:90kg、 油:80時ミツシヨンオイル、 油温:70℃、 テーパーコーンの作動:0.25〜0.3秒の同期時間で5000
回、 の条件でシンクロ耐久試験を行ない、リングにおけるワ
レおよび変形の有無を観察した。これらの結果を第1表
に示した。
Next, for each of the various synchronization rings obtained as a result of this, the rotating speed of the taper cone that is the mating member: 1000 rpm, the pressing load: 55 kg, oil: 80 mesh oil, oil temperature: 70 ° C, operation of the taper cone : 20000 with synchronization time of 0.25 to 0.3 seconds
Synchro durability test is performed under the conditions of, and the amount of depression (wear amount) on the inner surface of the ring, the presence or absence of adhesive wear, and the initial (500
And the friction coefficient in the latter period (stable period) are measured and observed, respectively, and further, the rotational speed of the taper cone, which is the mating member, is 2000 rpm, the pressing load is 90 kg, the oil is 80 o'clock, and the oil temperature is: 70 ° C, taper cone actuation: 5000 with synchronization time of 0.25 to 0.3 seconds
The synchro durability test was performed under the following conditions, and the presence or absence of cracks and deformation in the ring was observed. The results are shown in Table 1.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

第1表に示される結果から、本発明同期リング1〜22
は、いずれも高強度および高靭性を有し、特に高面圧条
件にもかかわらず、実用初期におけるなじみ性にすぐ
れ、異常摩耗の発生もなく、すぐれた耐摩耗性を示すの
に対して、比較同期リング1〜7に見られるように、構
成要件のうちのいずれかの要件でもこの発明の範囲から
外れると、前記特性のうち少なくともいずれかの特性が
劣つたものになることが明らかである。なお、ピンタイ
プの同期リングでも同様な結果が得られることは勿論で
ある。
From the results shown in Table 1, the present invention synchronization rings 1 to 22
Both have high strength and high toughness, and in particular, in spite of the high surface pressure condition, they have excellent familiarity in the initial stage of practical use, no abnormal wear occurs, and exhibit excellent wear resistance. As seen in the comparison synchronization rings 1 to 7, it is clear that when any of the constituent requirements deviates from the scope of the present invention, at least one of the above characteristics becomes inferior. . Needless to say, the same result can be obtained with a pin type synchronizing ring.

上述のように、この発明のCu系合金製変速機用同期リ
ングは、高強度と高靭性を有し、特に初期なじみ性にす
ぐれ、変速機の高出力化に伴う苛酷な条件下での実用に
際しても、輝面摩耗や凝着摩耗などの異常摩耗の発生が
なく、すぐれた耐摩耗性を著しく長期に亘つて発揮する
のである。
As described above, the Cu-based alloy transmission synchronizing ring of the present invention has high strength and high toughness, is particularly excellent in initial conformability, and is practically used under severe conditions associated with higher output of the transmission. Also in this case, abnormal wear such as bright surface wear and adhesive wear does not occur, and excellent wear resistance is exhibited for a remarkably long time.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第1図は変速機用同期リングを例示する斜視図である。 1……テーパーコーン摩擦面(内面)、 2……チヤンフア、3……キー溝。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a synchronous ring for a transmission. 1 ... Tapered cone friction surface (inner surface), 2 ... Changhua, 3 ... Keyway.

Claims (4)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】Zn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%、 Si:0.2〜2%、Mn:0.1〜5%、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成(以上
重量%)を有するCu系合金で構成され、かつ相手部材と
の当り面の所要箇所に、酸化アルミニウムを主体とした
加熱酸化膜層を0.1〜10μmの平均層厚で形成してなるC
u系合金製変速機用同期リング。
1. A composition containing Zn: 20 to 40%, Al: 2 to 8%, Si: 0.2 to 2%, Mn: 0.1 to 5%, with the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities (above weight%). C) and a heating oxide film layer mainly composed of aluminum oxide having an average layer thickness of 0.1 to 10 μm at a required position on the contact surface with the mating member.
Synchronous ring for u-type alloy transmission.
【請求項2】Zn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%、 Si:0.2〜2%、Mn:0.1〜5%、 を含有し、さらに、 Sn:0.1〜3%、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成(以上
重量%)を有するCu系合金で構成され、かつ相手部材と
の当り面の所要箇所に、酸化アルミニウムを主体とした
加熱酸化膜層を0.1〜10μmの平均層厚で形成してなるC
u系合金製変速機用同期リング。
2. Zn: 20 to 40%, Al: 2 to 8%, Si: 0.2 to 2%, Mn: 0.1 to 5%, and Sn: 0.1 to 3%. The rest is composed of a Cu-based alloy having a composition of Cu and inevitable impurities (above wt%), and a heating oxide film layer mainly composed of aluminum oxide is formed at a required position on the contact surface with the mating member in an amount of 0.1 to 10 μm. C formed by average layer thickness
Synchronous ring for u-type alloy transmission.
【請求項3】Zn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%、 Si:0.2〜2%、Mn:0.1〜5%、 を含有し、さらに、 Ti、Zr、およびCrのうちの1種または2種以上:0.05〜
1.5%、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成(以上
重量%)を有するCu系合金で構成され、かつ相手部材と
の当り面の所要箇所に、酸化アルミニウムを主体とした
加熱酸化膜層を0.1〜10μmの平均層厚で形成してなるC
u系合金製変速機用同期リング。
3. Zn: 20-40%, Al: 2-8%, Si: 0.2-2%, Mn: 0.1-5%, and one of Ti, Zr, and Cr. Or two or more: 0.05 ~
It is composed of a Cu-based alloy with a composition of 1.5% and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities (above wt%), and is heated and oxidized mainly by aluminum oxide at the required location on the contact surface with the mating member. C formed by forming a film layer with an average layer thickness of 0.1 to 10 μm
Synchronous ring for u-type alloy transmission.
【請求項4】Zn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%、 Si:0.2〜2%、Mn:0.1〜5%、 を含有し、さらに、 Sn:0.1〜3%、 Ti、Zr、およびCrのうちの1種または2種以上:0.05〜
1.5%、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成(以上
重量%)を有するCu系合金で構成され、かつ相手部材と
の当り面の所要箇所に、酸化アルミニウムを主体とした
加熱酸化膜層を0.1〜10μmの平均層厚で形成してなるC
u系合金製変速機用同期リング。
4. Zn: 20-40%, Al: 2-8%, Si: 0.2-2%, Mn: 0.1-5%, and Sn: 0.1-3%, Ti, Zr, And one or more of Cr: 0.05 to
It is composed of a Cu-based alloy with a composition of 1.5% and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities (above wt%), and is heated and oxidized mainly by aluminum oxide at the required location on the contact surface with the mating member. C formed by forming a film layer with an average layer thickness of 0.1 to 10 μm
Synchronous ring for u-type alloy transmission.
JP7075787A 1987-03-24 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy Expired - Lifetime JP2507930B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7075787A JP2507930B2 (en) 1987-03-25 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy
KR1019880002323A KR910009871B1 (en) 1987-03-24 1988-03-05 Cu-alloy ring
DE3809994A DE3809994C3 (en) 1987-03-25 1988-03-24 Synchronizer ring based on a copper alloy for use in speed controllers
US07/416,867 US4995924A (en) 1987-03-24 1989-10-04 Synchronizer ring in speed variator made of copper-base alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7075787A JP2507930B2 (en) 1987-03-25 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63238257A JPS63238257A (en) 1988-10-04
JP2507930B2 true JP2507930B2 (en) 1996-06-19

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006009396B4 (en) * 2006-03-01 2012-08-16 Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co. Kg Brass alloy and synchronizer ring

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