JP2673954B2 - Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy - Google Patents

Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

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Publication number
JP2673954B2
JP2673954B2 JP62069880A JP6988087A JP2673954B2 JP 2673954 B2 JP2673954 B2 JP 2673954B2 JP 62069880 A JP62069880 A JP 62069880A JP 6988087 A JP6988087 A JP 6988087A JP 2673954 B2 JP2673954 B2 JP 2673954B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ring
alloy
wear
less
synchronous ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62069880A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63238247A (en
Inventor
英俊 阿久津
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Materials Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority to JP62069880A priority Critical patent/JP2673954B2/en
Priority to KR1019880002323A priority patent/KR910009871B1/en
Priority to DE3809994A priority patent/DE3809994C3/en
Publication of JPS63238247A publication Critical patent/JPS63238247A/en
Priority to US07/416,867 priority patent/US4995924A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2673954B2 publication Critical patent/JP2673954B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、特に相手部材との当り面の初期なじみ性
にすぐれ、かつ耐摩耗性にもすぐれたCu系合金製変速機
用同期リングに関するものである。 〔従来の技術〕 従来、一般に、変速機用同期リングは、第1図に斜視
図で例示されるように、内面1が回転するテーパーコー
ンとの当り面となり、この当り面に相手部材たるテーパ
ーコーンが高面圧下で断続的に面接触し、一方外周面に
はキーが嵌合するキー溝3が形成され、さらに、その外
縁にそって所定間隔おきに設けたチャンファ2が同じく
相手部材たるハブスリーブのチャンファとかみ合う機能
ももつことから、強度、耐摩耗性、および相手部材との
なじみ性を具備することが要求され、したがってその製
造には、これらの特性をもった高力黄銅が多用されてい
る。なお、同期リングには、この他にネジが外周側につ
き、この外周側で相手部材であるテーパーコーンと摩擦
する、通称ピンタイプのものがある。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 しかし、近年の変速機の高出力化に伴い、上記の従来
高力黄銅製同期リングにおいては、特に少なくとも相手
部材であるテーパーコーンとの当り面は高面圧を受ける
ようになるため、初期なじみ性が低下し、これによって
輝面摩耗や凝着摩耗などによる異常摩耗が多発するよう
になり、使用寿命短命化の原因となっている。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 そこで、本発明者等は、上記のような従来高力黄銅製
変速機用同期リングのもつ問題点を解決すべく研究を行
なった結果、重量%で(以下%は重量%を示す)、 Zn:25〜35%、Al:2〜5%、 Tiおよび/またはZr:1.5〜2%、 Sn:0.1〜0.2%未満、Mn:0.1〜0.2%未満、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成を有す
るCu系合金で構成し、かつ少なくとも相手部材であるテ
ーパーコーンとの当り面(以下、テーパーコーン摩擦面
という)に、冷間プレスによる押付け加工などにて平均
層厚で5〜95μmの冷間プレス加工硬化層を形成したCu
合金製変速機用同期リングにおいては、変速機の高出力
化に伴う高面圧下での使用条件でも、すぐれた初期なじ
み性を示し、使用初期における異常摩耗の発生が抑制さ
れるようになるという研究結果を得たのである。 この発明は、上記の研究結果にもとづいてなされたも
のであって、リングを構成するCu系合金の成分組成およ
び冷間プレス加工硬化層の平均層厚を上記の通りに限定
した理由を説明する。 (a) ZnおよびAl これらの成分は、合金の素地組織を決定する成分であ
って、素地の耐摩耗性を向上させると共に、同期リング
に必要な強度と靭性を付与し、さらに、疲労強度と耐力
にすぐれ、局部的高温加熱に伴う塑性流動による凝着
(焼付き)を防止し、もって初期異常摩耗を防止して、
初期なじみ性を向上させる加工硬化層をリング表面に形
成するのに不可欠な成分であるが、その含有量がZn:25
%未満およびAl:2%未満では、前記特性を確保すること
ができないばかりでなく、前記の特性を具備した加工硬
化層の形成が不安定になり、一方その含有量がZn:35%
およびAl:5%を越えると、靭性に低下傾向が現われるよ
うになることから、その含有量をZn:25〜35%、Al:2〜
5%と定めた。 (b) TiおよびZrとSn Tiおよび/またはZrとSnには、共存した状態で、結晶
粒を微細化すると共に、素地に微細に分散する金属間化
合物を形成して、強度および靭性を向上させ、さらに耐
摩耗性を向上させ、また加工硬化層の耐摩耗性を向上さ
せる作用があるが、その含有量が、Ti/Zr:1.5%未満お
よびSn:0.1%未満では前記作用に所望のすぐれた効果が
得られず、一方その含有量がTi/Zrが2%を越え、かつS
nが0.2%以上になると靭性に低下傾向が現われるように
なることから、その含有量を、Tiおよび/またはZr:1.5
〜2%、Sn:0.1〜0.2%未満とそれぞれ定めた。 (c) Mn Mn成分には、素地に固溶して、これを強化すると共
に、金属間化合物を微細球状化し、もって耐摩耗性を向
上させる作用があるが、その含有量が0.1%未満では前
記作用に所望の向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量が
0.2%以上になっても顕著な向上効果が現われないこと
から、その含有量を0.1〜0.2%未満と定めた。 (d) 冷間プレス加工硬化層 冷間プレス加工硬化層は、上記のように少なくともリ
ングのテーパーコーン摩擦面に設けられるが、これは鋼
製ダイスを用いて、冷間プレにて押付け加工などを行な
うことにより形成でき、このように形成した冷間プレス
加工硬化層は、これのもつ成分組成と合まって、すぐれ
た疲労強度と耐力をもつようになることから、局部的高
温加熱に対してすぐれた耐塑性流動性を示し、この結果
焼付けなどが抑制されることから初期異常摩耗が防止さ
れ、すぐれた初期なじみ性を示すようになるが、その平
均層厚が5μm未満では所望の効果が得られず、一方95
μmを越えた平均層厚の形成は困難であることから、そ
の平均層厚を5〜95μmと定めた。 〔実施例〕 つぎに、この発明の同期リングを実施例により具体的
に説明する。 通常の高周波炉を用い、それぞれ第1,2表に示される
成分組成をもったCu系合金溶湯を調製し、金型鋳造に
て、直径:200mmφ×長さ:400mmのビレットを形成し、こ
のビレットを押出しプレスにて直径:60mmφの丸棒に押
出し、この丸棒を所定の長さに切断した後、切断片に60
0〜750℃の範囲内の温度にて熱間鍛造を施して、テーパ
ーコーン摩擦面(内面)に加工硬化代を設ける以外は最
終寸法としたリング素材を形成し、このリング素材を水
平に保持した状態で、フリクションプレスを用い、これ
の内面にテーパーコーン摩擦面に対応した外面を有する
鋼製ダイスの押付けによる冷間プレス加工を施して、同
じく第1,2表に示される平均層厚の冷間プレス加工硬化
層を形成し、最終的に前記内面に所定の溝加工を行なう
ことによって、内径:58mmφ×厚さ:4mmの寸法をもち、
かつチャンファ数:36個の本発明同期リング1〜9およ
び比較同期リング1〜9をそれぞれ製造した。 なお、比較同期リング1〜9は、構成成分のうちのい
ずれかの成分含有量がこの発明の範囲から外れた成分組
成をもったCu系合金で構成され、また比較同期リング9
は、冷間プレス加工硬化層の平均層厚がこの発明の範囲
から外れて小さいものである。 つぎに、この結果得られた各種の同期リングについ
て、 相手部材たるテーパーコーンの回転数:1100r.p.m.、 押付け荷重:50kg、 油:80番ミッションオイル、 油温:75℃、 テーパーコーンの作動:0.3〜0.35秒の同期時間で20000
回、 の条件でシンクロ耐久試験を行ない、リング内面(テー
パーコーン摩擦面)における落ち込み量(摩耗量)、凝
着摩耗の有無、初期(500回まで)および後期(安定
期)の摩擦係数をそれぞれ測定および観察し、さらに、 相手部材たるテーパーコーンの回転数:2000r.p.m.、 押付け荷重:90kg、 油:80番ミッションオイル、 油温:70℃ テーパーコーンの作動:0.25〜0.3秒の同期時間で5000
回、 の条件でシンクロ耐久試験を行ない、リングにおけるワ
レおよび変形の有無を観察した。これらの効果を第3表
に示した。 〔発明の効果〕 第1〜3表に示される結果から、本発明同期リング1
〜9は、いずれも高強度および高靭性を有し、特に高面
圧条件にもかかわらず、実用初期におけるなじみ性にす
ぐれ、異常摩耗の発生もなく、すぐれた耐摩耗性を示す
のに対して、比較同期リング1〜9に見られるように、
構成要件のうちのいずれかの要件でもこの発明の範囲か
ら外れると、前記特性のうち少なくともいずれかの特性
が劣ったものになることが明らかである。なお、ピンタ
イプの同期リングでも同様な結果が得られることは勿論
である。 上述のように、この発明のCu系合金製変速機用同期リ
ングは、高強度と高靭性を有し、特に初期なじみ性にす
ぐれ、変速機の高出力化に伴う苛酷な条件下で実用に際
しても、輝面摩耗や凝着摩耗などの異常摩耗の発生がな
く、すぐれた耐摩耗性を著しく長期に亘って発揮するの
である。
Description: [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a synchronizing ring for a transmission made of Cu-based alloy, which is particularly excellent in initial conformability of a contact surface with a mating member and is also excellent in wear resistance. It is a thing. [Prior Art] Conventionally, generally, in a transmission synchronization ring, as shown in a perspective view in FIG. 1, an inner surface 1 serves as a contact surface with a rotating tapered cone, and a taper as a mating member is attached to the contact surface. The cones make surface contact intermittently under a high surface pressure, and on the other hand, a key groove 3 into which a key is fitted is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and chamfers 2 provided at predetermined intervals along the outer edge are also counterpart members. Since it also has the function of engaging with the chamfer of the hub sleeve, it is required to have strength, wear resistance, and compatibility with the mating member. Therefore, high-strength brass having these characteristics is often used for its manufacture. Has been done. In addition, there is another type of the synchronous ring having a so-called pin type in which a screw is provided on an outer peripheral side and friction occurs with a tapered cone as a mating member on the outer peripheral side. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, with the recent increase in output power of transmissions, in the above conventional high-strength brass synchronizing ring, at least the contact surface with the tapered cone that is the counterpart member is a high surface. Since the material is subjected to pressure, the initial conformability is reduced, which causes frequent abnormal wear due to bright surface wear, adhesive wear, etc., which shortens the service life. [Means for Solving Problems] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention conducted research to solve the problems of the conventional high-strength brass transmission synchronizing ring as described above, and as a result, The following% indicates weight%), Zn: 25 to 35%, Al: 2 to 5%, Ti and / or Zr: 1.5 to 2%, Sn: 0.1 to less than 0.2%, Mn: 0.1 to less than 0.2%, It is composed of a Cu-based alloy that contains Cu and the balance is Cu and unavoidable impurities, and is pressed by a cold press on at least the contact surface with the taper cone that is the mating member (hereinafter referred to as the taper cone friction surface). Cu with a cold press hardened layer with an average layer thickness of 5 to 95 μm formed by processing
It is said that alloy synchronizing rings for transmissions show excellent initial conformability even under operating conditions under high surface pressure due to higher output of the transmission, and suppress the occurrence of abnormal wear at the beginning of use. I got the research results. The present invention was made based on the above research results, and explains the reason why the composition of the Cu-based alloy constituting the ring and the average layer thickness of the cold press work hardened layer are limited as described above. . (A) Zn and Al These components are components that determine the base metal structure of the alloy, improve the wear resistance of the base material, impart the strength and toughness required for the synchronizing ring, and further improve the fatigue strength. It has excellent proof strength and prevents adhesion (seizure) due to plastic flow due to local high temperature heating, thus preventing initial abnormal wear.
It is an essential component for forming a work-hardened layer on the ring surface that improves initial conformability, but its content is Zn: 25.
% And Al: less than 2%, not only the above properties cannot be secured, but also the formation of a work-hardened layer having the above properties becomes unstable, while its content is Zn: 35%.
And, if Al: 5% is exceeded, the toughness tends to decrease, so the content of Zn: 25-35%, Al: 2-
It was determined to be 5%. (B) Ti and Zr and Sn When Ti and / or Zr and Sn coexist, the crystal grains are refined and an intermetallic compound finely dispersed in the matrix is formed to improve strength and toughness. And further improve the wear resistance, and also has the effect of improving the wear resistance of the work-hardened layer, the content of Ti / Zr: less than 1.5% and Sn: less than 0.1% is desired for the above action No excellent effect can be obtained, on the other hand, the content of Ti / Zr exceeds 2%, and S
When n is 0.2% or more, the toughness tends to decrease, so the content of Ti and / or Zr: 1.5
2% and Sn: 0.1 to less than 0.2%, respectively. (C) Mn The Mn component has a function of forming a solid solution in the matrix to strengthen it and to make the intermetallic compound fine spheroidizing, thereby improving wear resistance, but if the content is less than 0.1% The desired improving effect cannot be obtained in the above action, while the content is
Even if the content exceeds 0.2%, no significant improvement effect appears, so the content was set to 0.1 to less than 0.2%. (D) Cold-pressed hardened layer The cold-pressed hardened layer is provided on at least the tapered cone friction surface of the ring as described above. This is pressed by a cold die using a steel die. The cold-pressed hardened layer formed in this way has excellent fatigue strength and proof strength in combination with the composition of its constituents. It exhibits excellent plastic flow resistance, and as a result, seizures are suppressed, so that initial abnormal wear is prevented and excellent initial conformability is exhibited, but if the average layer thickness is less than 5 μm, the desired effect is obtained. Not obtained, while 95
Since it is difficult to form an average layer thickness exceeding μm, the average layer thickness is set to 5 to 95 μm. [Embodiment] Next, the synchronization ring of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to an embodiment. Using a normal high-frequency furnace, prepare a Cu-based alloy molten metal having the component composition shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively, and by die casting, form a billet with a diameter of 200 mmφ and a length of 400 mm. The billet is extruded into a round bar with a diameter of 60 mm by an extrusion press, and the round bar is cut into a predetermined length.
Hot forging is performed at a temperature within the range of 0 to 750 ° C to form a ring material with the final dimensions except that a work hardening margin is provided on the tapered cone friction surface (inner surface), and this ring material is held horizontally In this state, using a friction press, cold pressing is performed by pressing a steel die having an outer surface corresponding to the taper cone friction surface on the inner surface of the friction press, and the average layer thickness shown in Tables 1 and 2 is also applied. By forming a cold press work hardened layer, and finally performing a predetermined groove processing on the inner surface, the inner diameter: 58 mm φ × thickness: having a dimension of 4 mm,
And, the chamfer number: 36, the present invention synchronizing rings 1 to 9 and comparative synchronizing rings 1 to 9 were manufactured, respectively. The comparative synchronizing rings 1 to 9 are made of a Cu-based alloy having a component composition in which any one of the constituent components is out of the range of the present invention.
The average layer thickness of the cold-pressed hardened layer is small outside the scope of the present invention. Next, regarding the various synchronization rings obtained as a result of this, the rotational speed of the taper cone that is the mating member: 1100 rpm, pressing load: 50 kg, oil: 80 mission oil, oil temperature: 75 ° C, operation of the taper cone: 20000 with 0.3-0.35 seconds sync time
Synchro durability test is performed under the conditions of, and the amount of wear (amount of wear) on the inner surface of the ring (tapered cone friction surface), the presence or absence of adhesive wear, and the friction coefficient of the initial (up to 500 times) and the latter (stable) periods Measuring and observing, the rotation speed of the taper cone, which is the other member, 2000r.pm, pressing load: 90kg Oil: No. 80 mission oil, oil temperature: 70 ° C Taper cone operation: 5000 with synchronization time of 0.25 to 0.3 seconds
The synchro durability test was performed under the following conditions, and the presence or absence of cracks and deformation in the ring was observed. These effects are shown in Table 3. [Advantages of the Invention] From the results shown in Tables 1 to 3, the present invention synchronization ring 1
Nos. 9 to 9 have high strength and high toughness, and in particular, in spite of the high surface pressure condition, excellent conformability in the initial stage of practical use, no abnormal wear occurs, and excellent wear resistance are exhibited. Then, as seen in the comparison sync rings 1-9,
When any of the constituents is out of the scope of the present invention, it is clear that at least one of the above characteristics becomes inferior. It is needless to say that a similar result can be obtained with a pin type synchronous ring. As described above, the Cu-based alloy transmission synchronizing ring of the present invention has high strength and high toughness, is particularly excellent in initial conformability, and is put into practical use under severe conditions associated with higher output of the transmission. However, no abnormal wear such as bright surface wear and adhesive wear occurs, and excellent wear resistance is exhibited over a long period of time.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第1図は変速機用同期リングを例示する斜視図である。 1……相手部材であるテーパーコーンとの当り面(内
面)、 2……チャンファ、 3……キー溝。
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a synchronizing ring for a transmission. 1 …… Abutting surface (inner surface) with a taper cone that is a mating member, 2 …… Chamfer, 3 …… Key groove.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 1.Zn:25〜35%、Al:2〜5%、 Tiおよび/またはZr:1.5〜2%、 Sn:0.1〜0.2%未満、Mn:0.1〜0.2%未満、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成(以上
重量%)を有するCu系合金で構成され、かつ少なくとも
相手部材であるテーパーコーンとの当り面に、冷間プレ
ス加工硬化層を5〜95μmの平均層厚で形成してなるCu
系合金製変速機用同期リング。
(57) [Claims] Zn: 25-35%, Al: 2-5%, Ti and / or Zr: 1.5-2%, Sn: 0.1-less than 0.2%, Mn: 0.1-less than 0.2%, and the rest is inevitable with Cu. A cold press hardened layer having an average layer thickness of 5 to 95 μm is formed on at least a contact surface of a taper cone which is a mating member, and is made of a Cu-based alloy having a composition of impurities (at least by weight%). Naru Cu
Synchronous ring for gearbox made of system alloy.
JP62069880A 1987-03-24 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy Expired - Lifetime JP2673954B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62069880A JP2673954B2 (en) 1987-03-25 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy
KR1019880002323A KR910009871B1 (en) 1987-03-24 1988-03-05 Cu-alloy ring
DE3809994A DE3809994C3 (en) 1987-03-25 1988-03-24 Synchronizer ring based on a copper alloy for use in speed controllers
US07/416,867 US4995924A (en) 1987-03-24 1989-10-04 Synchronizer ring in speed variator made of copper-base alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62069880A JP2673954B2 (en) 1987-03-25 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63238247A JPS63238247A (en) 1988-10-04
JP2673954B2 true JP2673954B2 (en) 1997-11-05

Family

ID=13415525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62069880A Expired - Lifetime JP2673954B2 (en) 1987-03-24 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2673954B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109797393B (en) * 2019-01-30 2021-02-09 沈阳大陆激光工程技术有限公司 Steel-copper composite wear-resistant material for manufacturing screw down nut of rolling mill by laser

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6086237A (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-05-15 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Cu-alloy for slide member
JPS6086236A (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-05-15 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Cu-alloy for slide member
JPS60114545A (en) * 1983-11-25 1985-06-21 Kobe Steel Ltd Wear resistant copper alloy
JPS60149754A (en) * 1984-01-13 1985-08-07 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Manufacture of corrosion and fatigue resistant copper and copper alloy pipes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63238247A (en) 1988-10-04

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