JP2502117B2 - Crankshaft manufacturing method - Google Patents
Crankshaft manufacturing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2502117B2 JP2502117B2 JP6856988A JP6856988A JP2502117B2 JP 2502117 B2 JP2502117 B2 JP 2502117B2 JP 6856988 A JP6856988 A JP 6856988A JP 6856988 A JP6856988 A JP 6856988A JP 2502117 B2 JP2502117 B2 JP 2502117B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crankshaft
- forging
- manufacturing
- mold
- restructuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は鍛造によってクランクシャフトを製造する方
法に関する。The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a crankshaft by forging.
（従来の技術） クランクシャフトを鍛造によって製造するには、従来
から素材をフォージングによって製品形状に近い形状ま
で成形し、次いでフォージングの際に生じたバリをトリ
ミングによって除去し、更にリストライクによって矯正
と整形を行うようにしている。(Prior Art) To manufacture a crankshaft by forging, conventionally, the material is shaped by forging to a shape close to the product shape, then the burrs generated during forging are removed by trimming, and then by restriking. I am trying to correct and reshape.
そして、従来から上記の製造工程に種々の改良がなさ
れている。例えば特開昭55−68148号の閉塞鍛造にあっ
てはフォージングの際にバリを少なくして歩留向上を図
っており、特開昭59−223132号にあってはフォージング
の際のバリの流出を一時的に規制することで歩留向上と
成形性向上を図っており、また特公昭52−50024号にあ
ってはリストライクの際に後の旋削加工で問題とならな
い部分に余肉を移動させるようにしている。Then, various improvements have been conventionally made to the above manufacturing process. For example, in the closed forging of JP-A-55-68148, burrs are reduced during forging to improve the yield, and in JP-A-59-223132, burrs during forging. The yield and moldability are improved by temporarily controlling the outflow of steel, and in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 5250024, there is a surplus in the part that does not cause a problem in the later turning process during the restrike. I am trying to move.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 上述した従来法のうち、閉塞鍛造法にあっては、型構
造が複雑となり、横バリも生じる。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Among the above-mentioned conventional methods, in the closed forging method, the mold structure becomes complicated and lateral burr also occurs.
また、閉塞鍛造以外の方法も、フォージングの際の型
ずれ及びフォージング後の素材厚みのバラツキが大きい
ため、後工程におけるバランス修正を考慮して必ずマス
センタリング及び旋削加工を施さなければならず、歩留
及び生産性の点で十分とはいえない。Also, other than the closed forging, there is a large amount of mold deviation during forging and variation in the material thickness after forging, so mass centering and turning must be performed in consideration of balance correction in the post process. However, it is not sufficient in terms of yield and productivity.
（課題を解決するための手段） 上記課題を解決すべく本発明は、フォージングの際に
型ずれが生ずることがないように上下の型を上下方向に
凹凸係合させつつフォージングを行い、且つフォージン
グ後の素材厚みが一定となるように上下の型の一部が突
当たるまでフォージングするようにし、この後Ｘ−Ｙ方
向に全拘束密閉リストライクを施すようにした。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention performs forging while engaging upper and lower molds in an up-down direction in a concave-convex manner so that mold deviation does not occur during forging, In addition, forging was performed until a part of the upper and lower molds abut against each other so that the material thickness after forging becomes constant, and then, all restraint closed restrike is performed in the XY direction.
（作用） フォージングによって得られる中間品の寸法精度が極
めて高くなるため、後のリストライクを全拘束密閉とす
ることができ、したがってマスセンタリング及び旋削の
省略が可能となる。(Operation) Since the dimensional accuracy of the intermediate product obtained by the forging becomes extremely high, the subsequent rest-like can be fully restrained and hermetically sealed, and therefore mass centering and turning can be omitted.
（実施例） 以下に本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明す
る。(Example) Below, the Example of this invention is described based on an accompanying drawing.
本発明にあっては第１図に示すようにフォージングを
行う。フォージングは上型１及び下型２間で素材Ｗを熱
間鍛造する。ここで上型１には凹部３を形成し下型２に
は型締めの際に凹部３に係合する凸部４を形成し、フォ
ージング時に上下の型1,2が横方向にずれないようにし
ている。またフォージングは上下の型1,2間が一定の隙
間ｇとなるまで、つまり凹部３と凸部４とが突当るまで
行い、該隙間ｇからバリ５を食み出させる。In the present invention, forging is performed as shown in FIG. For forging, the material W is hot forged between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2. Here, a concave portion 3 is formed in the upper mold 1, and a convex portion 4 that engages with the concave portion 3 when the mold is clamped is formed in the lower mold 2 so that the upper and lower molds 1 and 2 do not shift laterally during forging. I am trying. Further, the forging is performed until a constant gap g is formed between the upper and lower molds 1 and 2, that is, until the concave portion 3 and the convex portion 4 come into contact with each other, and the burr 5 is protruded from the gap g.
以上により軸と直交するＸ方向及びＹ方向の寸法が一
定で、第２図に示すように周囲にバリ５を形成した素材
Ｗを得る。尚、図示例にあってはフォージングを一回の
成形で終了するようにしたが、素材の一回の鍛造での変
形量を小さくするため、別々の型を用意して荒成形と仕
上げ成形とに分けてフォージングを行うのが好ましい。As described above, the material W is obtained in which the dimensions in the X and Y directions orthogonal to the axis are constant and the burrs 5 are formed around the periphery as shown in FIG. In the example shown in the figure, forging is completed by one-time forming, but in order to reduce the amount of deformation in one forging of the material, separate molds are prepared and rough forming and finish forming are performed. It is preferable to perform the forging separately.
次いでフォージングが終了した素材Ｗを第３図に示す
ようにトリミング装置６にセットし、バリ５を打抜く。
而して第４図及び第５図に示すように、軸部７、ウエイ
ト部８及びピン部９から成り且つ周囲にバリ抜きの跡で
あるバリ高部10を残した素材Ｗを得る。Next, the material W after the forging is set in the trimming device 6 as shown in FIG. 3, and the burr 5 is punched out.
Thus, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, there is obtained a material W which is composed of the shaft portion 7, the weight portion 8 and the pin portion 9 and which has the burr high portion 10 which is a mark for deburring the periphery.
そして、トリミングが終了し且つ変態点温度以上の素
材Ｗに対しリストライクを施し、矯正と整形を行う。リ
ストライクはＸ方向とＹ方向に素材を全拘束密閉状態で
行う。Then, the trimming is completed and the material W having a temperature equal to or higher than the transformation point temperature is subjected to restrike to correct and shape. Restriking is performed in a state in which the material is completely restrained and sealed in the X and Y directions.
先ずＸ方向リストライクは第６図に示すように上型11
及び下型12間で行い、上型11には前記同様凹部13を、下
型12には凹部13に係合する凸部を形成している。また、
第７図乃至第９図は下型12と素材Ｗとの関係を示し、第
７図は軸方向から見た端面図、第８図は第７図のＡ−Ａ
矢視図であり、第９図は第７図のＢ−Ｂ方向矢視図であ
り、素材Ｗのウエイト部８両側面と下型12との間に肉逃
げ空間S1、軸部スラスト座7aと下型12との間に肉逃げ空
間S2、ピン部スラスト座9aと下型12との間に肉逃げ空間
S3更にウエイト部８の上部背面と下型12との間に肉逃げ
空間S4を設けている。First, as shown in Fig. 6, the X-direction restlike is upper mold 11
Between the lower mold 12 and the lower mold 12, and the upper mold 11 is formed with the concave portion 13 and the lower mold 12 is formed with the convex portion that engages with the concave portion 13. Also,
7 to 9 show the relationship between the lower mold 12 and the material W, FIG. 7 is an end view as seen from the axial direction, and FIG. 8 is AA of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a view in the direction of arrow B-B in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a view in the direction of arrows B-B in FIG. 7, in which the meat escape space S1 and the shaft thrust seat 7a are provided between both side surfaces of the weight portion 8 of the material W and the lower die 12. Meat escape space S2 between the lower die 12 and the lower die 12 and between the pin thrust seat 9a and the lower die 12
S3 Further, a meat escape space S4 is provided between the upper back surface of the weight portion 8 and the lower mold 12.
而して上型11と下型12によってＸ方向のリストライク
を行うと、第10図及び第11図に示すように素材Ｗの余肉
は前記各空間S1,S2,S3,S4内に移動する。ここで各空間
は素材Ｗの軸方向に設けられているため、Ｘ方向のリス
トライクによってバランスが狂うことがない。またＸ方
向のリストライクにあっては素材Ｗのバリ高部10につい
てはそのまま残す。Then, when restructuring in the X direction is performed by the upper die 11 and the lower die 12, the surplus of the material W moves into the spaces S1, S2, S3, S4 as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. To do. Here, since each space is provided in the axial direction of the material W, the balance does not get out of balance due to the restriking in the X direction. In addition, in the X-direction restrike, the burr height 10 of the material W is left as it is.
Ｘ方向のリストライクに続いて行うＹ方向のリストラ
イクは第12図及び第13図に示すように上型21と下型22を
用いて行う。上型21及び下型22には前記同様凹部23及び
凸部24を形成するとともに、各型21,22の中央部にはス
ライド型25,26を設け、スペーサ27を介してスライド型2
5,26のキャビティへの突出量を可変としている。Restriking in the Y direction subsequent to restriking in the X direction is performed using the upper mold 21 and the lower mold 22 as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. The upper mold 21 and the lower mold 22 are formed with the concave portions 23 and the convex portions 24 in the same manner as described above, and the slide molds 25 and 26 are provided at the central portions of the respective molds 21 and 22, and the slide mold 2 is provided via the spacer 27.
The amount of protrusion of 5,26 into the cavity is variable.
以上のＹ方向リストライクにあっては、Ｘ方向のリス
トライクが終了した後、素材Ｗを軸廻りに90゜回転さ
せ、更に軸部７及びピン部９のみをリストライクして軸
部７及びピン部９のバリ高部10を第14図の左半分から右
半分の状態になるように、軸径変化として逃がす。その
結果、第15図に示すようにウエイト部８のみにバリ高部
10が残った素材Ｗとなる。In the above Y-direction restrike, after the end of the X-direction restrike, the material W is rotated by 90 ° about the axis, and further only the shaft portion 7 and the pin portion 9 are restrike, and the shaft portion 7 and The burr height portion 10 of the pin portion 9 is released as a change in the shaft diameter so as to be in the state from the left half to the right half in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 15, only the weight portion 8 has a high burr portion.
10 will be the remaining material W.
また、Ｙ方向のリストライクを行う場合には鍛造後の
素材の曲りを見込んで、予め逆方向に曲げるようにリス
トライクを行う。In addition, when performing restructuring in the Y direction, the restructuring is performed so as to allow the material after forging to bend and bend in the opposite direction in advance.
直列４気筒エンジン用のクランクシャフト素材の場合
を具体例として説明すると、素材Ｗは第16図に示すよう
に、中央部に軸廻りの位相が等しいピン部9a,9bを有
し、両端部に前記ピン部9a,9bとは180゜軸廻りの位置が
異なるピン部9c,9dを有している。そして係る素材Ｗに
Ｙ方向のリストライクを行う場合には、前記スライド型
25,26の突出量を調整して、第16図の想像線で示す方
向、つまり中央のピン部9a,9bが離れる方向に素材Ｗを
曲げてリストライクを行う。このようにすることで鍛造
後の部分的な冷却速度差による曲がりを吸収でき、結果
的に曲りの少い製品を得られる。A crankshaft material for an in-line 4-cylinder engine will be described as a specific example. As shown in FIG. 16, the material W has pin portions 9a and 9b having the same phase around the shaft in the center portion and both end portions. The pin portions 9a and 9b have pin portions 9c and 9d whose positions around the 180 ° axis are different from each other. If the material W is to be restriked in the Y direction, the slide type
The amount of protrusion of 25 and 26 is adjusted, and the material W is bent in the direction indicated by the imaginary line in FIG. 16, that is, in the direction in which the central pin portions 9a and 9b are separated, to perform restriking. By doing so, the bending due to the partial cooling rate difference after forging can be absorbed, and as a result, a product with less bending can be obtained.
以上の如くして製品を得たならば、オイル穴、エンド
穴を穿設し、軸部及びピン部の研削を行い、バランス調
整及び表面処理等を施すことで最終製品としてのクラン
クシャフトを得る。Once the product is obtained as described above, oil holes and end holes are drilled, the shaft and pin parts are ground, and balance adjustment and surface treatment are applied to obtain the final crankshaft. .
（発明の効果） 以上に説明した如く本発明によれば、フォージングの
際に、上型と下型とを上下方向に係合させつつ、上下の
型の一部が突当るまで成形を行うようにしたので、フォ
ージングによって得られる素材の寸法精度が極めて高
く、したがって後のリストライク工程において、全拘束
密閉リストライクを行える。その結果、型構造が簡単な
バリ出し開放成形であってもマスセンタリング及び旋削
工程を省略することも可能となり、歩留も大幅に向上す
る。(Effect of the Invention) According to the present invention as described above, at the time of forging, the upper mold and the lower mold are engaged in the vertical direction, and molding is performed until a part of the upper and lower molds abuts each other. Since this is done, the dimensional accuracy of the material obtained by forging is extremely high, and therefore, in the subsequent restriking process, full restraint closed restriking can be performed. As a result, it is possible to omit the mass centering and turning steps even in the case of the deburring open molding having a simple mold structure, and the yield is greatly improved.
第１図はフォージング用型の正面図、第２図はフォージ
ング後の素材の平面図、第３図はトリミング装置の正面
図、第４図はトリミング後の素材の側面図、第５図はト
リミング後の素材の平面図、第６図はＸ方向のリストラ
イク型の正面図、第７図はＸ方向のリストライク用下型
の正面図、第８図は第７図のＡ−Ａ矢視図、第９図は第
７図のＢ方向矢視図、第10図及び第11図はＸ方向のリス
トライク後の状態を示す図、第12図はＹ方向のリストラ
イク型の正面図、第13図は第12図のＣ−Ｃ矢視図、第14
図はＹ方向のリストライクの作用を示す図、第15図はＹ
方向のリストライク後の素材の側面図、第16図はＹ方向
のリストライクの際の見込み曲げ方向を示す図である。 尚、図面中、1,11,21は上型、2,12,22は下型、３は凹
部、４は凸部、５はバリ、７は軸部、８はウエイト部、
９はピン部、10はバリ高部、Ｗは素材である。1 is a front view of a forging die, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a material after forging, FIG. 3 is a front view of a trimming device, FIG. 4 is a side view of the material after trimming, and FIG. Is a plan view of the material after trimming, FIG. 6 is a front view of the rest-like die in the X direction, FIG. 7 is a front view of the lower die for the rest-like in the X direction, and FIG. 8 is AA of FIG. FIG. 9 is a view in the direction B of FIG. 7, FIGS. 10 and 11 are views showing the state after rest-like in the X direction, and FIG. 12 is a front view of the rest-like type in the Y direction. Figures 13 and 14 are views taken in the direction of arrows CC in FIG.
The figure shows the action of rest-like in the Y direction.
FIG. 16 is a side view of the raw material after the restructuring in the direction, and FIG. In the drawings, 1,11,21 are upper molds, 2,12,22 are lower molds, 3 are concave parts, 4 are convex parts, 5 are burrs, 7 is a shaft part, 8 is a weight part,
9 is a pin portion, 10 is a high flash portion, and W is a material.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−244545（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−27440（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−162533（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭55−161541（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭56−36359（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP 62-244545 (JP, A) JP 60-27440 (JP, A) JP 1-162533 (JP, A) JP 55- 161541 (JP, A) JP-A-56-36359 (JP, A)
Claims (3)
後、バリを打抜くトリミングを行い、次いで矯正及び整
形のためのリストライクを行うようにしたクランクシャ
フトの製造方法において、前記フォージングでは上型と
下型とを上下方向に係合させつつ上型と下型とが突当た
るまでバリ出し開放成形を行い、また前記リストライク
はクランクシャフトの軸と直交するＸ方向に全拘束密閉
リストライクを行った後、クランクシャフトの軸及びＸ
方向の双方に直交するＹ方向に拘束密閉リストライクを
行うようにしたことを特徴とするクランクシャフトの製
造方法。1. A method for manufacturing a crankshaft in which a preformed material is forged, trimmed to punch out burrs, and then restriked for straightening and shaping. The upper mold and the lower mold are engaged with each other in the up-down direction, and the flash molding is performed until the upper mold and the lower mold hit each other, and the rest-like is completely restrained and sealed in the X direction orthogonal to the axis of the crankshaft. And the crankshaft axis and X
A method of manufacturing a crankshaft, characterized in that restraint hermetic restructuring is performed in a Y direction orthogonal to both directions.
残したまま余肉をウエイト部、軸部スラスト座及びピン
部スラスト座に軸方向変化として逃がすようにしたこと
を特徴とする請求項１に記載のクランクシャフトの製造
方法。2. The restructuring in the X direction is characterized in that the surplus thickness is allowed to escape to the weight portion, the shaft thrust seat and the pin thrust seat as an axial change while leaving the burr height portion. Item 2. A method for manufacturing a crankshaft according to Item 1.
高部を径方向変化として逃がすようにしたことを特徴と
する請求項１に記載のクランクシャフトの製造方法。3. The crankshaft manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the Y-direction restrike, the burr height portion of the shaft portion is released as a radial change.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6856988A JP2502117B2 (en) | 1988-03-22 | 1988-03-22 | Crankshaft manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6856988A JP2502117B2 (en) | 1988-03-22 | 1988-03-22 | Crankshaft manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01241347A JPH01241347A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
| JP2502117B2 true JP2502117B2 (en) | 1996-05-29 |
Family
ID=13377531
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6856988A Expired - Fee Related JP2502117B2 (en) | 1988-03-22 | 1988-03-22 | Crankshaft manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2502117B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103071751B (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2015-07-01 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Forging method for six throw crankshaft |
| JP6561575B2 (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2019-08-21 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Manufacturing method of forged crankshaft |
| JP6561577B2 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2019-08-21 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Manufacturing method of forged crankshaft |
| JP6561576B2 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2019-08-21 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Manufacturing method of forged crankshaft |
| JP7274124B2 (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2023-05-16 | マツダ株式会社 | Crankshaft forging die structure and crankshaft forging method using the same |
| JP7406085B2 (en) * | 2020-01-28 | 2023-12-27 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Crankshaft manufacturing method |
| JP7393644B2 (en) * | 2020-01-28 | 2023-12-07 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Crankshaft manufacturing method |
-
1988
- 1988-03-22 JP JP6856988A patent/JP2502117B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01241347A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
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