JP2020050543A - Manufacturing method of seed crystal for single crystal growth of iron gallium alloy, and single crystal growth method of iron gallium alloy - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of seed crystal for single crystal growth of iron gallium alloy, and single crystal growth method of iron gallium alloy Download PDF

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JP2020050543A
JP2020050543A JP2018181632A JP2018181632A JP2020050543A JP 2020050543 A JP2020050543 A JP 2020050543A JP 2018181632 A JP2018181632 A JP 2018181632A JP 2018181632 A JP2018181632 A JP 2018181632A JP 2020050543 A JP2020050543 A JP 2020050543A
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聖志 泉
Kiyoshi Izumi
聖志 泉
圭吾 干川
Keigo Hoshikawa
圭吾 干川
敏則 太子
Toshinori Taishi
敏則 太子
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Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Shinshu University NUC
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Shinshu University NUC
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Abstract

To provide a seed crystal for single crystal growth of an iron gallium alloy capable of reducing a grain boundary in a grown crystal generated due to a grain boundary existing in the seed crystal.SOLUTION: There is provided a manufacturing method of a seed crystal for growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal having a body-centered cubic lattice structure, and having an equivalent direction index in the first to third <100> direction. The manufacturing method of the seed crystal includes a first single crystal processing step for processing the single crystal grown in the first <100> direction, and obtaining the first seed crystal used for growing the single crystal using the second <100> direction vertical to the first <100> direction as a growth direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、鉄ガリウム合金(FeGa合金)の単結晶育成用種結晶の製造方法および鉄ガリウム合金の単結晶育成方法に関する。特に、垂直ブリッジマン法(Vertical Bridgman method、以下「VB法」と略記する)や垂直温度勾配凝固法(Vertical Gradient Freeze method、以下「VGF法」と略記する)に代表される、融液を坩堝中で固化させる一方向凝固結晶成長法等によるFeGa合金単結晶の育成に用いる種結晶に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for producing a seed crystal for growing a single crystal of an iron gallium alloy (FeGa alloy) and a method for growing a single crystal of an iron gallium alloy. In particular, a melt represented by a vertical Bridgman method (hereinafter abbreviated as “VB method”) or a vertical gradient freezing method (hereinafter abbreviated as “VGF method”) is used as a crucible. The present invention relates to a seed crystal used for growing an FeGa alloy single crystal by a directional solidification crystal growth method or the like, which is solidified in a medium.

FeGa合金は、機械加工が可能であり、100〜350ppm程度の大きな磁歪を示すため、磁歪式振動発電やアクチュエータ等に用いられる素材として好適であり、近年、注目されている。   FeGa alloys can be machined and exhibit a large magnetostriction of about 100 to 350 ppm. Therefore, FeGa alloys are suitable as materials used in magnetostrictive vibration power generation, actuators, and the like, and have been receiving attention in recent years.

さらに、FeGa合金は、結晶の特定方位に大きな磁気歪みを現出させるため、磁歪部材の磁歪を必要とする方向と結晶の磁気歪みが最大となる方位を一致させた単結晶の使用が最適であると考えられている。   Further, since the FeGa alloy causes a large magnetostriction to appear in a specific direction of the crystal, it is optimal to use a single crystal in which the direction in which the magnetostriction of the magnetostrictive member is required matches the direction in which the magnetostriction of the crystal is maximized. It is believed that there is.

FeGa単結晶合金の製造では、引き上げ法(チョクラルスキー法、以下「Cz法」と略記する)による単結晶の育成方法が知られている(特許文献1参照)。しかしながら、この方法は、高周波誘導加熱方式により原料融解を行うため、電源コストも高く装置構成が複雑であり、装置コストが高く、結果的に製造コストが高くなってしまう。   In production of an FeGa single crystal alloy, a method of growing a single crystal by a pulling method (Czochralski method, hereinafter abbreviated as “Cz method”) is known (see Patent Document 1). However, in this method, since the raw material is melted by the high-frequency induction heating method, the power supply cost is high and the device configuration is complicated, the device cost is high, and as a result, the manufacturing cost is high.

特開2016−28831号公報JP 2016-28831A

FeGa合金単結晶を育成する場合、Feに対するGaの溶解度が小さく、偏析係数は0.7〜0.8程度となる。そのため、種結晶から成長させた単結晶では、種結晶付近ではGa組成が低く、固化が進むにしたがってGa組成が高くなる。固化の進行によるGa組成の差は数%となることで、組成差により単結晶格子間距離が変化するため、単結晶中に粒界が導入される原因となる。従って、FeGa合金単結晶の育成を、同一方向を育成方向として繰り返し行う中、粒界の発生を完全に抑えることが困難であり、また、粒界が存在する種結晶が原因で育成した結晶全体に粒界が入ってしまう場合もあった。   When growing an FeGa alloy single crystal, the solubility of Ga in Fe is small, and the segregation coefficient is about 0.7 to 0.8. Therefore, in a single crystal grown from a seed crystal, the Ga composition is low near the seed crystal, and the Ga composition increases as the solidification proceeds. Since the difference in Ga composition due to the progress of solidification is several percent, the distance between single crystal lattices changes due to the difference in composition, which causes the introduction of grain boundaries in the single crystal. Therefore, it is difficult to completely suppress the generation of grain boundaries while repeatedly growing the single crystal of the FeGa alloy with the same direction as the growth direction, and it is difficult to completely suppress the generation of the seed crystal having the grain boundaries. In some cases, grain boundaries would enter.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑み、例えば融液からFeGa合金単結晶を育成する場合において、種結晶に存在する粒界に起因して発生する育成結晶中の粒界を低減することができる、鉄ガリウム合金の単結晶育成用種結晶を提供することを目的とする。   In view of such circumstances, the present invention can reduce grain boundaries in a grown crystal caused by grain boundaries existing in a seed crystal, for example, when growing an FeGa alloy single crystal from a melt. It is another object of the present invention to provide a seed crystal for growing a single crystal of an iron gallium alloy.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の種結晶の製造方法は、体心立方格子構造を有し、第1〜第3の<100>方向について方向指数が等価である鉄ガリウム合金単結晶の育成用種結晶の製造方法であって、第1の<100>方向に育成した単結晶を加工し、前記第1の<100>方向と垂直な第2の<100>方向を育成方向とする前記単結晶の育成に用いる第1種結晶を得る第1単結晶加工工程を含む。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for producing a seed crystal according to the present invention provides a method for growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal having a body-centered cubic lattice structure and having the same direction index in the first to third <100> directions. A method for producing a seed crystal, comprising processing a single crystal grown in a first <100> direction, and setting a second <100> direction perpendicular to the first <100> direction as a growing direction. A first single crystal processing step for obtaining a first seed crystal used for growing a single crystal is included.

本発明の種結晶の製造方法は、前記第1種結晶を用いて前記第2の<100>方向に鉄ガリウム合金単結晶を育成して第1単結晶を得る第1単結晶育成工程と、前記第1単結晶を加工し、前記第2の<100>方向および前記第1の<100>方向と垂直な第3の<100>方向を育成方向とする前記単結晶の育成に用いる第2種結晶を得る第2単結晶加工工程と、を含んでいてもよい。   The method for producing a seed crystal of the present invention includes: a first single crystal growing step of growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal in the second <100> direction using the first seed crystal to obtain a first single crystal; The first single crystal is processed, and a second <100> direction and a third <100> direction perpendicular to the first <100> direction are used for growing the single crystal having a third <100> direction as a growth direction. A second single crystal processing step of obtaining a seed crystal.

本発明の種結晶の製造方法は、前記第2種結晶を用いて前記第3の<100>方向に鉄ガリウム合金単結晶を育成して第2単結晶を得る第2単結晶育成工程と、前記第2単結晶を加工し、前記第3の<100>方向および前記第2の<100>方向と垂直な第1の<100>方向を育成方向とする前記単結晶の育成に用いる第3種結晶を得る第3単結晶加工工程と、を含んでいてもよい。   The method for producing a seed crystal according to the present invention includes a second single crystal growing step of growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal in the third <100> direction using the second seed crystal to obtain a second single crystal; The third used for growing the single crystal by processing the second single crystal and growing the first <100> direction perpendicular to the third <100> direction and the second <100> direction. A third single crystal processing step of obtaining a seed crystal.

本発明の鉄ガリウム合金単結晶の育成方法は、前記第1種結晶、前記第2種結晶または前記第3単結晶を用いて鉄ガリウム合金単結晶を育成する育成工程を含む。   The method for growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal of the present invention includes a growing step of growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal using the first seed crystal, the second seed crystal, or the third single crystal.

本発明の鉄ガリウム合金の単結晶育成用種結晶の製造方法および鉄ガリウム合金の単結晶育成方法によれば、種結晶に存在する粒界に起因して発生する育成結晶中の粒界を低減することができる。   According to the method for producing a seed crystal for growing a single crystal of an iron gallium alloy and the method for growing a single crystal of an iron gallium alloy of the present invention, the grain boundaries in the grown crystal generated due to the grain boundaries existing in the seed crystal are reduced. can do.

また、FeGA合金単結晶は体心立方格子構造であり、[100]、[010]および[001]の方向について方向指数が等価であるため(以下、[100]、[010]および[001]の方向を<100>と表記する)、第1の種結晶の製造や、第1の種結晶を用いた単結晶の製造では、所定の一方向の<100>を成長方向とする結晶成長方法を採用すればよく、例えば、垂直ブリッジマン法または垂直温度勾配凝固法を採用してもよいし、小径種結晶を使用する引き上げ法(CZ法)や引き下げ法などの種結晶を用いる育成方法を採用してもよいし、他の方法を採用してもよい。   The FeGA alloy single crystal has a body-centered cubic lattice structure, and the direction indices are equivalent in the directions of [100], [010], and [001] (hereinafter, [100], [010], and [001]). In the production of the first seed crystal and the production of a single crystal using the first seed crystal, a crystal growth method in which <100> in one predetermined direction is the growth direction. For example, a vertical Bridgman method or a vertical temperature gradient solidification method may be employed, or a growing method using a seed crystal such as a pulling method (CZ method) using a small diameter seed crystal or a pulling method may be employed. It may be adopted, or another method may be adopted.

FeGa合金の単結晶を育成する育成装置の概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing of the growing apparatus which grows the single crystal of a FeGa alloy. 従来技術による種結晶製造工程の概略図である。It is the schematic of the seed crystal manufacturing process by a prior art. 本発明の種結晶の製造方法における第1単結晶加工工程の概略図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first single crystal processing step in the method for producing a seed crystal of the present invention. 本発明の種結晶の製造方法における第2単結晶加工工程の概略図である。It is the schematic of the 2nd single crystal processing process in the manufacturing method of the seed crystal of this invention. 本発明の種結晶の製造方法における第3単結晶加工工程の概略図である。It is the schematic of the 3rd single crystal processing process in the manufacturing method of the seed crystal of this invention.

以下、本発明の一実施形態にかかるFeGa合金単結晶の育成用種結晶の製造方法およびFeGa合金単結晶の育成方法について説明する。なお、本発明は以下の例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、任意に変更可能である。   Hereinafter, a method for producing a seed crystal for growing an FeGa alloy single crystal and a method for growing an FeGa alloy single crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and can be arbitrarily changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[FeGa合金単結晶の育成方法]
(FeGa合金単結晶について)
超磁歪特性を有するFeGa合金単結晶は、例えばFeとGaの融解物を坩堝中で固化させて育成することができる。具体的には、VB法やVGF法に代表される、一方向凝固結晶成長法により育成することができる。ここで、FeGa合金単結晶は、体心立方格子構造を有しており、ミラー指数における方向指数のうち第1〜第3の<100>軸が等価であり、ミラー指数における面指数のうち第1〜第3の{100}面が等価(すなわち、(100)、(010)および(001)は等価)であることを基本とするものである。
[Method of growing FeGa alloy single crystal]
(About FeGa alloy single crystal)
The FeGa alloy single crystal having giant magnetostriction can be grown by, for example, solidifying a melt of Fe and Ga in a crucible. Specifically, it can be grown by a unidirectional solidification crystal growth method typified by the VB method and the VGF method. Here, the FeGa alloy single crystal has a body-centered cubic lattice structure, the first to third <100> axes of the direction index in the Miller index are equivalent, and the first to third axes in the Miller index. Basically, the first to third {100} planes are equivalent (that is, (100), (010), and (001) are equivalent).

(単結晶育成装置)
本発明の一実施形態にかかるFeGa合金単結晶の育成方法をより具体的に説明するべく、当該方法に用いる育成装置の一例として、まずは図1に示す単結晶育成装置について説明する。
(Single crystal growing equipment)
In order to more specifically describe the method for growing a FeGa alloy single crystal according to one embodiment of the present invention, a single crystal growing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will first be described as an example of a growing apparatus used in the method.

図1は、FeGa合金の単結晶を育成することのできる、単結晶育成装置の概略断面図である。この図1では、単結晶育成装置100における単結晶育成用坩堝10とFeGa合金種結晶16、原料となるFeとGaの混合物17との位置関係を模式的に示している。   FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a single crystal growing apparatus capable of growing a single crystal of an FeGa alloy. FIG. 1 schematically shows a positional relationship between a single crystal growing crucible 10 and a FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 in a single crystal growing apparatus 100, and a mixture 17 of Fe and Ga as a raw material.

単結晶育成装置100は、断熱材11、上段ヒーター12a、中段ヒーター12b、下段ヒーター12c、可動用ロッド13、坩堝受け14、熱電対15、真空ポンプ18および、チャンバー19を備えている。チャンバー19内の上部が高温、下部が低温となる温度分布を実現可能な構成となっており、VB法やVGF法等の一方向凝固結晶成長法により、FeとGaの混合物の融解物17を坩堝10中で固化させることで、FeGa合金の単結晶を育成することができる。   The single crystal growing apparatus 100 includes a heat insulating material 11, an upper heater 12a, a middle heater 12b, a lower heater 12c, a movable rod 13, a crucible receiver 14, a thermocouple 15, a vacuum pump 18, and a chamber 19. The upper part in the chamber 19 has a configuration capable of realizing a temperature distribution in which the upper part has a high temperature and the lower part has a low temperature. By solidifying in the crucible 10, a single crystal of the FeGa alloy can be grown.

図1に示すように単結晶育成装置100では、断熱材11の内側にカーボン製の抵抗加熱ヒーター12が配置される。FeGa合金の単結晶の育成時に、抵抗加熱ヒーター12によりホットゾーンが形成される。抵抗加熱ヒーター12は、上段ヒーター12a、中段ヒーター12bおよび下段ヒーター12cとで構成され、これらのヒーター12a〜12cへの投入電力を調整することにより、ホットゾーン内の温度勾配を制御することが可能となっている。   As shown in FIG. 1, in a single crystal growing apparatus 100, a resistance heater 12 made of carbon is arranged inside a heat insulating material 11. When growing the single crystal of the FeGa alloy, a hot zone is formed by the resistance heater 12. The resistance heater 12 is composed of an upper heater 12a, a middle heater 12b, and a lower heater 12c, and can control the temperature gradient in the hot zone by adjusting the power supplied to these heaters 12a to 12c. It has become.

抵抗加熱ヒーター12の内側には、単結晶育成用坩堝10が配置され、上下方向に移動可能な可動用ロッド13が設けられた坩堝受け14(支持台)に載置されている。単結晶育成用坩堝10内の下部に、FeGa合金種結晶16が充填され、このFeGa合金種結晶16の上に、粒子状やフレーク状等の原料としてFeとGaの混合物17が充填される。   The crucible 10 for growing a single crystal is arranged inside the resistance heater 12, and is mounted on a crucible receiver 14 (support) provided with a movable rod 13 that can move in the vertical direction. The lower portion of the single crystal growing crucible 10 is filled with a FeGa alloy seed crystal 16, and the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 is filled with a mixture 17 of Fe and Ga as a raw material such as particles or flakes.

育成炉には、チャンバー19と真空ポンプ18が設置されており、原料を真空雰囲気に調整してFeGa合金単結晶を育成することができる。さらに、アルゴンや窒素等の不活性ガスをチャンバー19へ導入することができ、原料を不活性雰囲気にも調整できる。   The growth furnace is provided with a chamber 19 and a vacuum pump 18, and can grow a FeGa alloy single crystal by adjusting the raw material to a vacuum atmosphere. Further, an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen can be introduced into the chamber 19, and the raw material can be adjusted to an inert atmosphere.

単結晶育成用坩堝10の材質は、FeGa合金単結晶と化学的反応性が低く、高融点材料であるアルミナが好ましい。また、マグネシア、熱分解窒化ホウ素(Pyrolitic Boron Nitride)でもよい。   The material of the single crystal growing crucible 10 is preferably alumina, which has low chemical reactivity with the FeGa alloy single crystal and has a high melting point. Moreover, magnesia or pyrolytic boron nitride (Pyrolytic Boron Nitride) may be used.

上方側が開放された単結晶育成用坩堝10には、ゴミ落下防止用の蓋材(図示せず)を被せてもよい。単結晶育成用坩堝10は、上述したように単結晶育成装置100内で可動用ロッド13が設けられた坩堝受け14上に載置され、可動用ロッド13を上下させることにより、単結晶育成用坩堝10を育成炉内で上下させることができる。また、単結晶育成用坩堝10には、坩堝の温度をモニタリングできる熱電対15が取り付けられている。   The single crystal growing crucible 10 whose upper side is open may be covered with a lid (not shown) for preventing dust from falling. The single crystal growing crucible 10 is placed on the crucible receiver 14 provided with the movable rod 13 in the single crystal growing apparatus 100 as described above, and the movable rod 13 is moved up and down. The crucible 10 can be moved up and down in the growth furnace. A thermocouple 15 that can monitor the temperature of the crucible is attached to the single crystal growing crucible 10.

(FeGa合金単結晶の育成方法)
次に、単結晶育成装置100を用いたFeGa合金のVB法による単結晶育成方法について、図1を参照しつつ説明する。まず、単結晶育成用坩堝10の下部に主面方位が<100>方位のFeGa合金種結晶16を配置する。そして、FeGa合金種結晶16の上には、原料であるFeとGaの混合物17を必要量配置する。
(Method of growing FeGa alloy single crystal)
Next, a single crystal growing method of the FeGa alloy by the VB method using the single crystal growing apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG. First, an FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 having a <100> main plane orientation is arranged below the single crystal growing crucible 10. Then, on the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16, a required amount of a mixture 17 of Fe and Ga as raw materials is arranged.

次に、チャンバー19内にアルゴンや窒素等の不活性ガスを流し、チャンバー19内を不活性雰囲気に調整する。窒化Ga等が生成する恐れがない、アルゴンガスを導入することが好ましい。チャンバー19内が不活性雰囲気となった後、単結晶育成用坩堝10を囲むように配置された上段ヒーター12a、中段ヒーター12bおよび下段ヒーター12cを作動して、昇温し、FeとGaの混合物17の融解を開始する(融解工程)。   Next, an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen is caused to flow into the chamber 19 to adjust the inside of the chamber 19 to an inert atmosphere. It is preferable to introduce an argon gas which does not cause generation of Ga nitride or the like. After the inside of the chamber 19 becomes an inert atmosphere, the upper heater 12a, the middle heater 12b, and the lower heater 12c, which are arranged so as to surround the single crystal growing crucible 10, are operated to raise the temperature, and the mixture of Fe and Ga is heated. The melting of No. 17 is started (melting step).

FeとGaの混合物17がほぼ融解して融解物となったら、真空ポンプ18を作動して、チャンバー19内を減圧し、融解物中の気泡を取り除く(気泡除去工程)。   When the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga is substantially melted into a melt, the vacuum pump 18 is operated to reduce the pressure in the chamber 19 and remove bubbles in the melt (bubble removing step).

気泡除去工程後、チャンバー19内にアルゴンや窒素等の不活性ガスを流し、再びチャンバー19内を不活性雰囲気に調整した後、単結晶育成用坩堝10の内部でFeGa合金の単結晶を育成する(育成工程)。具体的には、抵抗加熱ヒーター12を用いて、FeGa合金種結晶16および融解物(FeとGaの混合物17)が収納された単結晶育成用坩堝10を、高さ方向の上方の温度が高く、下方の温度が低い温度分布となるように加熱する。この状態で、チャンバー19内の温度を、FeGa合金種結晶16が高さ方向の上半分位まで融解するまで昇温し、シーディングを行う。その後、そのままのチャンバー19内の温度勾配を維持しながら、抵抗加熱ヒーター12の出力を徐々に低下させ、すべての融解物を固化させた後、所定速度で冷却を行ってFeGa合金単結晶を得る。   After the bubble removing step, an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen is flown into the chamber 19 to adjust the inside of the chamber 19 again to an inert atmosphere, and then grow a single crystal of the FeGa alloy in the single crystal growing crucible 10. (Growing process). Specifically, the single crystal growing crucible 10 containing the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the molten material (a mixture 17 of Fe and Ga) is moved by using the resistance heater 12 to raise the temperature above the height direction. , So that the lower temperature has a low temperature distribution. In this state, the temperature in the chamber 19 is increased until the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 is melted to the upper half in the height direction, and seeding is performed. Thereafter, while maintaining the temperature gradient in the chamber 19 as it is, the output of the resistance heater 12 is gradually lowered to solidify all melts, and then cooled at a predetermined speed to obtain an FeGa alloy single crystal. .

次に、チャンバー19内の温度が室温程度になったことを確認した後、育成された単結晶が入った単結晶育成用坩堝10を坩堝受け14から取り外し、さらに単結晶育成用坩堝10から育成された単結晶を取り出す。   Next, after confirming that the temperature in the chamber 19 has reached about room temperature, the single crystal growing crucible 10 containing the grown single crystal is removed from the crucible receiver 14, and further grown from the single crystal growing crucible 10. The obtained single crystal is taken out.

また、FeGa合金の単結晶を育成するためのシーディングは、FeGa合金種結晶16の上部とFeとGaの混合物17とを融解させて、安定した固液界面を形成させることにより行われる。ここで、上記固液界面の温度およびその温度での保持時間が、シーディングにおいて重要な要素となる。その理由としては、FeGa合金種結晶16はその表面近傍に、FeGa合金種結晶16の加工時に形成された破砕層を有する場合があり、単結晶を育成するためにはこの破砕層を融解させておく必要があるためである。また、FeGa合金種結晶16が全て融解してしまう前に、固液界面を形成させておく必要がある点でも、固液界面の温度およびその温度での保持時間は重要である。   Seeding for growing a single crystal of the FeGa alloy is performed by melting the upper portion of the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga to form a stable solid-liquid interface. Here, the temperature of the solid-liquid interface and the holding time at that temperature are important factors in seeding. The reason is that the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 may have a crushed layer formed at the time of processing the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 in the vicinity of the surface thereof. In order to grow a single crystal, the crushed layer is melted. It is necessary to keep it. The temperature of the solid-liquid interface and the holding time at that temperature are also important in that the solid-liquid interface needs to be formed before the entire FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 is melted.

上記要件を満足させるため、FeGa合金種結晶16と融解物との境界面の温度が、FeGa合金の単結晶の融点から融点よりも20℃高い温度までの範囲内になるような位置に、単結晶育成用坩堝10をセットする。FeGa合金の単結晶をより安定して育成させる観点から、境界面の温度は、FeGa合金単結晶の融点から融点よりも10℃高い温度までの範囲内であることが更に好ましい。これらの温度で所定時間(例えば1時間以上、好ましくは4時間〜6時間)保持し、FeGa合金種結晶16の上部とFeとGaの混合物17とを融解させてシーディングを行う。FeGa合金種結晶16は、単結晶育成の核となるものであり、FeGa合金種結晶16は、FeGa混合原料17と一体化させるために一部を融解させるが、FeGa合金種結晶16の全部を融解させないようにしなければならない。   In order to satisfy the above requirements, the temperature of the interface between the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the melt should be within a range from the melting point of the single crystal of the FeGa alloy to a temperature 20 ° C. higher than the melting point. The crystal growing crucible 10 is set. From the viewpoint of more stably growing the single crystal of the FeGa alloy, the temperature of the boundary surface is more preferably in the range from the melting point of the single crystal of the FeGa alloy to a temperature 10 ° C. higher than the melting point. At these temperatures, a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour or more, preferably 4 hours to 6 hours) is maintained, and the upper portion of the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga are melted for seeding. The FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 serves as a nucleus for growing a single crystal, and the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 is partially melted in order to be integrated with the FeGa mixed raw material 17. It must be prevented from melting.

シーディングが終了した後、単結晶育成用坩堝10を徐々に降下させてホットゾーン内の温度勾配がある領域を通過させる。このようにして、FeGa合金種結晶16の結晶方位に従い、融解物を冷却固化させることでFeGa合金の単結晶が育成される。   After the seeding is completed, the single crystal growing crucible 10 is gradually lowered to pass through a region having a temperature gradient in the hot zone. Thus, a single crystal of the FeGa alloy is grown by cooling and solidifying the melt in accordance with the crystal orientation of the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16.

本実施形態に係る単結晶育成方法は、上述したようにFeGa単結晶の融点に対して、FeGa合金種結晶16とFeとGaの混合物17との界面温度を上記融点から融点よりも20℃高い温度までの範囲内にして溶融を行っているため、FeGa合金種結晶16の上部数ミリ程の部分とFeとGaの混合物17とが融解し、FeGa合金種結晶16とFeとGaの混合物17とを一体にすることができる。尚、FeGa合金種結晶16とFeとGaの混合物17との界面温度が上記融点よりも20℃を超えて高くなると、FeGa合金種結晶16の底面部まで融解してしまう場合があり、単結晶の育成に不具合が生じるおそれがある。   In the single crystal growing method according to the present embodiment, as described above, the interface temperature between the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga is higher than the melting point by 20 ° C. with respect to the melting point of the FeGa single crystal. Since the melting is performed within the temperature range, the upper several millimeter portion of the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga are melted, and the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga are melted. And can be integrated. If the interface temperature between the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga is higher than the above-mentioned melting point by more than 20 ° C., the bottom surface of the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 may be melted. There is a possibility that problems may occur in the breeding.

また、FeGa合金種結晶16の上部とFeとGaの混合物17を融解させる保持時間は、上述したように1時間以上とすることが好ましい。1時間以上保持することにより、FeGa合金種結晶16とFeとGaの混合物17との固液界面を安定化させることができるため、単結晶内部に欠陥等の生じない品質の高い単結晶を育成することができる。また、かかる保持時間を4〜6時間とすることは更に好ましい。すなわち、4時間以上保持すれば、概ねシーディングに関する反応は進行しており、6時間以下で概ね反応は終了している。従って、保持時間を4〜6時間とすることにより、FeGa合金単結晶の生産性を低下させずにシーディングを安定して行うことが可能となる。   The holding time for melting the upper part of the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga is preferably one hour or more as described above. By holding for 1 hour or more, the solid-liquid interface between the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga can be stabilized, so that a high-quality single crystal free from defects or the like inside the single crystal is grown. can do. Further, it is more preferable to set the holding time to 4 to 6 hours. That is, if the temperature is maintained for 4 hours or more, the reaction related to seeding is generally progressing, and the reaction is almost completed in 6 hours or less. Therefore, by setting the holding time to 4 to 6 hours, the seeding can be stably performed without lowering the productivity of the FeGa alloy single crystal.

上記では、単結晶育成装置100を用いたVB法によるFeGa合金の単結晶育成方法について説明したが、同じ単結晶育成装置100を用いて、単結晶育成中に単結晶育成用坩堝10を上下に移動させることに替えて、抵抗加熱ヒーター12を調整して温度制御するVGF法によっても、FeGa合金の単結晶を育成することができる。   In the above, the method of growing a single crystal of an FeGa alloy by the VB method using the single crystal growing apparatus 100 has been described. However, using the same single crystal growing apparatus 100, the single crystal growing crucible 10 is vertically moved during the single crystal growing. Instead of moving, the single crystal of the FeGa alloy can be grown also by the VGF method in which the resistance heater 12 is adjusted to control the temperature.

また、以下に説明する本発明の種結晶の製造方法および上記の単結晶育成方法におけるFeGa単結晶合金の育成は、VB法およびVGF法に限定されず、所定の一方向を育成方向とする結晶育成方法を採用することができる。例えば、Cz法等の引き上げ法や引き下げ法等の育成方法を採用することができる。   In addition, the growth of the FeGa single crystal alloy in the method for producing a seed crystal of the present invention and the method for growing a single crystal described above is not limited to the VB method and the VGF method, and a crystal having a predetermined one direction as a growth direction. A breeding method can be adopted. For example, a growing method such as a pulling method or a pulling method such as a Cz method can be adopted.

本発明のFeGa合金単結晶の育成方法は、上記の育成方法において、以下に説明する第1種結晶、第2種結晶または第3単結晶を用いて鉄ガリウム合金単結晶を育成する育成工程を含む。   The method for growing an FeGa alloy single crystal according to the present invention is a method for growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal using the first seed crystal, the second seed crystal, or the third single crystal described below. Including.

詳細は後述するが、上記の育成工程を行うことで、種結晶に起因する粒界が育成する単結晶へ伝播することを抑制することができる。   Although the details will be described later, by performing the above-described growing step, it is possible to suppress the propagation of the grain boundary caused by the seed crystal to the growing single crystal.

[FeGa合金単結晶の育成用種結晶の製造方法]
(単結晶育成工程)
上記の単結晶育成装置100において、育成軸の方向を鉛直方向と平行であるZ方向とし、Z方向と直交する2方向をX方向およびY方向とする。なお、X方向はY方向と直交する。棒状の種結晶16を用い、その長手方向(第1の<100>軸)をZ方向に合わせ、上記のように結晶成長させ(図3(A))、単結晶20Aを得る(図3(B))。種結晶16は、第1の{100}である面S1と、第2の{100}である面S2と、第3の{100}である面S3と、を有する。このとき、種結晶16に存在する粒界が、単結晶20Aにおいて第2の{100}面(面S2)と平行に伝播されることで、単結晶20Aには、第2の{100}面(面S2)と平行な面に沿って粒界AXが形成されることがある。同様に、種結晶16に存在する粒界が、単結晶20Aにおいて第3の{100}面(面S3)と平行な方向に伝播されることで、単結晶20Aには、第3の{100}面(面S3)と平行な面に沿って粒界AYが形成されることがある。尚、第2の<100>軸がY方向に一致し、第3の<100>軸がX方向に一致しているものとする。
[Method for producing seed crystal for growing FeGa alloy single crystal]
(Single crystal growing process)
In the single crystal growing apparatus 100 described above, the direction of the growing axis is defined as a Z direction parallel to the vertical direction, and two directions orthogonal to the Z direction are defined as an X direction and a Y direction. Note that the X direction is orthogonal to the Y direction. Using a rod-shaped seed crystal 16, its longitudinal direction (first <100> axis) is aligned with the Z direction, and the crystal is grown as described above (FIG. 3A) to obtain a single crystal 20A (FIG. B)). Seed crystal 16 has a first {100} plane S1, a second {100} plane S2, and a third {100} plane S3. At this time, the grain boundary existing in seed crystal 16 is propagated in single crystal 20A in parallel with the second {100} plane (plane S2), so that single crystal 20A has a second {100} plane. A grain boundary AX may be formed along a plane parallel to (plane S2). Similarly, the grain boundary existing in seed crystal 16 is propagated in single crystal 20A in a direction parallel to the third {100} plane (plane S3), so that single crystal 20A has a third {100} A grain boundary AY may be formed along a plane parallel to the} plane (plane S3). It is assumed that the second <100> axis matches the Y direction, and the third <100> axis matches the X direction.

単結晶20Aには、Z方向に沿ったマーキング線L1を形成することが好ましい。単結晶20Aの上面において、マーキング線L1の形成位置と、円の中心と、を結ぶ線分の方向がY方向に一致する。即ち、後工程において第2の{100}面に沿って単結晶20Aを切断する際、マーキング線L1の形成位置と、円の中心と、を結ぶ線分と垂直な平面に沿って切断すれば、切断面21、22が第2の{100}面(面S2)と平行な面となる。   It is preferable to form a marking line L1 along the Z direction on the single crystal 20A. On the upper surface of the single crystal 20A, the direction of the line connecting the formation position of the marking line L1 and the center of the circle coincides with the Y direction. That is, when the single crystal 20A is cut along the second {100} plane in a subsequent step, the single crystal 20A may be cut along a plane perpendicular to the line connecting the formation position of the marking line L1 and the center of the circle. , And the cut surfaces 21 and 22 are parallel to the second {100} surface (surface S2).

(第1単結晶加工工程)
次に、第2の{100}面に沿って単結晶20Aを2箇所で切断し、切断面21、22を形成する(図3(C))。一方の切断面21に、Z方向に沿ったけがき線23を形成することが好ましい。即ち、けがき線23は、形成された面が第2の{100}面と平行な面であることを示すとともに、単結晶20Aの育成軸の方向を示す。けがき線23が形成された切断面21は、後述する第1種結晶40を単結晶育成用坩堝10にセットした際の下面となる。
(First single crystal processing step)
Next, the single crystal 20A is cut at two places along the second {100} plane to form cut planes 21 and 22 (FIG. 3C). It is preferable to form a scribe line 23 along the Z direction on one cut surface 21. That is, the scribe line 23 indicates that the formed surface is parallel to the second {100} plane, and indicates the direction of the growth axis of the single crystal 20A. The cut surface 21 on which the scribe line 23 is formed becomes a lower surface when a first seed crystal 40 described later is set in the crucible 10 for growing a single crystal.

さらに、第1の{100}面に沿って単結晶20Aを切断することで、板材30Aを形成し(図3(D))、板材30Aを第3の{100}面に沿って切断することで(切断線C1)、第2の<100>軸を長手方向とする棒状の第1種結晶40を形成する(図3(E)、図3(F))。尚、上記のように単結晶20Aを切断する際、切断後の寸法が単結晶育成用坩堝10の形状および寸法に応じたものになるようにすればよい。また、けがき線23があることによって、第1種結晶40における第1〜第3の{100}面を相互に区別することが可能となり、けがき線23が形成された面が、第2の{100}面と平行な面S21となり、けがき線23と直交する面が、第1の{100}面と平行な面S11となり、けがき線23と平行な面が、第3の{100}面と平行な面S31となる。   Further, the plate material 30A is formed by cutting the single crystal 20A along the first {100} plane (FIG. 3D), and the plate material 30A is cut along the third {100} plane. (Cut line C1), a rod-shaped first seed crystal 40 having the second <100> axis as the longitudinal direction is formed (FIGS. 3E and 3F). When the single crystal 20A is cut as described above, the size after the cutting may be made to correspond to the shape and size of the single crystal growing crucible 10. In addition, the presence of the scribe line 23 makes it possible to distinguish the first to third {100} planes of the first seed crystal 40 from each other, and the surface on which the scribe line 23 is formed becomes the second Becomes a plane S21 parallel to the {100} plane, a plane orthogonal to the scribe line 23 becomes a plane S11 parallel to the first {100} plane, and a plane parallel to the scribe line 23 becomes the third { The plane S31 is parallel to the 100 ° plane.

棒状の第1種結晶40は、単結晶の育成に用いられる場合、その長手方向である第2の<100>軸を育成方向として用いることができる。尚、第1種結晶40は、角柱状であってもよいし、円柱状であってもよく、単結晶育成用坩堝10の内面形状に対応するよう、テーパー加工または円形加工などの追加工を行ってもよい。また、第1種結晶40は、単結晶の育成に用いられる場合の育成方向が特定可能であれば、棒状に形成されていなくてもよい。以上のように、第1の<100>方向に育成した単結晶20Aを加工し、第1の<100>方向および第3の<100>方向と垂直な第2の<100>方向を育成方向とする第1種結晶40を得る。   When the rod-shaped first seed crystal 40 is used for growing a single crystal, the second <100> axis, which is the longitudinal direction, can be used as the growing direction. The first seed crystal 40 may have a prismatic shape or a cylindrical shape, and may be subjected to additional processing such as taper processing or circular processing so as to correspond to the inner surface shape of the single crystal growing crucible 10. May go. In addition, the first seed crystal 40 may not be formed in a rod shape as long as the growth direction when used for growing a single crystal can be specified. As described above, the single crystal 20A grown in the first <100> direction is processed, and the second <100> direction perpendicular to the first <100> direction and the third <100> direction is changed to the growing direction. Is obtained.

上記の例では、種結晶16を用いて単結晶20Aを得た後、この単結晶20Aを加工することで第1種結晶40を形成するものとしたが、育成軸の方向が特定されている単結晶20Aを製造せずに入手してもよく、この単結晶20Aを加工することで第1種結晶40を形成してもよい。   In the above example, after the single crystal 20A is obtained using the seed crystal 16, the first seed crystal 40 is formed by processing the single crystal 20A, but the direction of the growth axis is specified. The single crystal 20A may be obtained without being manufactured, or the first seed crystal 40 may be formed by processing the single crystal 20A.

(第1単結晶育成工程)
上記の単結晶育成工程の項目で説明したように、育成軸の方向をZ方向とし、Z方向と直交する2方向をX方向およびY方向とする。なお、X方向はY方向と直交する。棒状の第1種結晶40を用い、その長手方向(第2の<100>軸)をZ方向に合わせ、上記のように結晶成長させ(図4(A))、第1単結晶20Bを得る(図4(B))。このとき、第1種結晶40に存在する粒界AYが、第1単結晶20Bにおいて第3の{100}面(面S31)と平行に伝播されることで、第1単結晶20Bには、第3の{100}面(面S31)と平行な面に沿って粒界AYが形成されることがある。
(First single crystal growing step)
As described in the single crystal growing step, the direction of the growing axis is defined as the Z direction, and two directions orthogonal to the Z direction are defined as the X direction and the Y direction. Note that the X direction is orthogonal to the Y direction. Using a rod-shaped first seed crystal 40, the longitudinal direction (second <100> axis) is aligned with the Z direction, and the crystal is grown as described above (FIG. 4A) to obtain a first single crystal 20B. (FIG. 4 (B)). At this time, the grain boundary AY existing in the first seed crystal 40 is propagated in the first single crystal 20B in parallel with the third {100} plane (plane S31), so that the first single crystal 20B has: A grain boundary AY may be formed along a plane parallel to the third {100} plane (plane S31).

一方、第1種結晶40の第2の{100}面(面S21)と平行な面に存在する粒界AXは、第2の{100}面が育成軸と垂直であることから、第1単結晶20Bへの伝播が抑制される。   On the other hand, the grain boundary AX existing on a plane parallel to the second {100} plane (plane S21) of the first seed crystal 40 has the first {100} plane perpendicular to the growth axis. Propagation to single crystal 20B is suppressed.

第1単結晶20Bには、Z方向に沿ったマーキング線L2を形成することが好ましい。第1単結晶20Bの上面において、マーキング線L2の形成位置と、円の中心と、を結ぶ線分の方向がY方向に一致する。即ち、後工程において第3の{100}面に沿って第1単結晶20Bを切断する際、マーキング線L2の形成位置と、円の中心と、を結ぶ線分と垂直な平面に沿って切断すれば、切断面24、26が第3の{100}面(S31)と平行な面となる。   It is preferable to form a marking line L2 along the Z direction on the first single crystal 20B. On the upper surface of the first single crystal 20B, the direction of the line segment connecting the formation position of the marking line L2 and the center of the circle coincides with the Y direction. That is, when the first single crystal 20B is cut along the third {100} plane in a subsequent step, the first single crystal 20B is cut along a plane perpendicular to a line connecting the formation position of the marking line L2 and the center of the circle. Then, the cut surfaces 24 and 26 become surfaces parallel to the third {100} surface (S31).

(第2単結晶加工工程)
次に、第3の{100}面に沿って第1単結晶20Bを2箇所で切断し、切断面24、25を形成する(図4(C))。一方の切断面24に、Z方向に沿ったけがき線26を形成することが好ましい。即ち、けがき線26は、形成された面が第3の{100}面と平行な面であることを示すとともに、第1単結晶20Bの育成軸の方向を示す。けがき線26が形成された切断面24は、後述する第2種結晶50を単結晶育成用坩堝10にセットした際の下面となる。
(Second single crystal processing step)
Next, the first single crystal 20B is cut at two locations along the third {100} plane to form cut planes 24 and 25 (FIG. 4C). It is preferable to form a scribe line 26 along the Z direction on one cut surface 24. That is, the scribe line 26 indicates that the formed surface is parallel to the third {100} plane, and also indicates the direction of the growth axis of the first single crystal 20B. The cut surface 24 on which the scribe line 26 is formed serves as a lower surface when a second seed crystal 50 described later is set in the crucible 10 for growing a single crystal.

さらに、第2の{100}面に沿って第1単結晶20Bを切断することで、板材30Bを形成し(図4(D))、板材30Bを第1の{100}面に沿って切断することで(切断線C2)、第3の<100>軸を長手方向とする棒状の第2種結晶50を形成する(図4(E)、図4(F))。尚、上記のように第1単結晶20Bを切断する際、切断後の寸法が単結晶育成用坩堝10の形状および寸法に応じたものになるようにすればよい。また、けがき線26があることによって、第2種結晶50における第1〜第3の{100}面を相互に区別することが可能となり、けがき線26が形成された面が、第3の{100}面と平行な面S32となり、けがき線26と直交する面が、第2の{100}面と平行な面S22となり、けがき線26と平行な面が、第1の{100}面と平行な面S12となる。   Further, the plate material 30B is formed by cutting the first single crystal 20B along the second {100} plane (FIG. 4D), and the plate material 30B is cut along the first {100} plane. By doing this (cutting line C2), a rod-shaped second seed crystal 50 having the third <100> axis as the longitudinal direction is formed (FIGS. 4E and 4F). When cutting the first single crystal 20 </ b> B as described above, the size after cutting may be made to correspond to the shape and size of the single crystal growing crucible 10. In addition, the presence of the scribe line 26 makes it possible to distinguish the first to third {100} planes of the second seed crystal 50 from each other, and the surface on which the scribe line 26 is formed becomes the third The plane S32 is parallel to the {100} plane, the plane orthogonal to the scribe line 26 is the plane S22 parallel to the second {100} plane, and the plane parallel to the scribe line 26 is the first { The plane S12 is parallel to the 100 ° plane.

棒状の第2種結晶50は、単結晶の育成に用いられる場合、その長手方向である第3の<100>軸を育成方向として用いることができる。尚、第2種結晶50は、角柱状であってもよいし、円柱状であってもよく、単結晶育成用坩堝10の内面形状に対応するよう、テーパー加工または円形加工などの追加工を行ってもよい。また、第2種結晶50は、単結晶の育成に用いられる場合の育成方向が特定可能であれば、棒状に形成されていなくてもよい。以上のように、第2の<100>方向に育成した第1単結晶20Bを加工し、第1の<100>方向および第2の<100>方向と垂直な第3の<100>方向を育成方向とする第2種結晶50を得る。   When the rod-shaped second seed crystal 50 is used for growing a single crystal, the third <100> axis, which is the longitudinal direction, can be used as the growing direction. The second seed crystal 50 may have a prismatic shape or a cylindrical shape, and may be subjected to additional processing such as taper processing or circular processing so as to correspond to the inner surface shape of the single crystal growing crucible 10. May go. The second seed crystal 50 does not need to be formed in a rod shape as long as the growth direction when used for growing a single crystal can be specified. As described above, the first single crystal 20B grown in the second <100> direction is processed, and the third <100> direction perpendicular to the first <100> direction and the second <100> direction is changed. A second seed crystal 50 to be grown is obtained.

(第2単結晶育成工程)
上記の単結晶育成工程および第1単結晶育成工程の項目で説明したように、育成軸の方向をZ方向とし、Z方向と直交する2方向をX方向およびY方向とする。なお、X方向はY方向と直交する。棒状の第2種結晶50を用い、その長手方向(第3の<100>軸)をZ方向に合わせ、上記のように結晶成長させ(図5(A))、第2単結晶20Cを得る(図5(B))。このとき、第3の{100}面(面S32)と平行な面に存在する粒界AYは、第3の{100}面が育成軸と垂直であることから、第2単結晶20Cへの伝播が抑制される。
(Second single crystal growing step)
As described in the single crystal growing step and the first single crystal growing step, the direction of the growing axis is defined as the Z direction, and two directions orthogonal to the Z direction are defined as the X direction and the Y direction. Note that the X direction is orthogonal to the Y direction. Using a rod-shaped second seed crystal 50, its longitudinal direction (the third <100> axis) is aligned with the Z direction, and the crystal is grown as described above (FIG. 5A), to obtain a second single crystal 20C. (FIG. 5 (B)). At this time, the grain boundary AY existing on a plane parallel to the third {100} plane (plane S32) is formed on the second single crystal 20C because the third {100} plane is perpendicular to the growth axis. Propagation is suppressed.

第2単結晶20Cには、Z方向に沿ったマーキング線L3を形成することが好ましい。第2単結晶20Cの上面において、マーキング線L3の形成位置と、円の中心と、を結ぶ線分の方向がY方向に一致する。即ち、後工程において第1の{100}面に沿って第2単結晶20Cを切断する際、マーキング線L3の形成位置と、円の中心と、を結ぶ線分と垂直な平面に沿って切断すれば、切断面27、28が第1の{100}面(S12)と平行な面となる。   It is preferable to form a marking line L3 along the Z direction on the second single crystal 20C. On the upper surface of the second single crystal 20C, the direction of the line segment connecting the formation position of the marking line L3 and the center of the circle coincides with the Y direction. That is, when the second single crystal 20C is cut along the first {100} plane in a subsequent step, the cutting is performed along a plane perpendicular to a line connecting the formation position of the marking line L3 and the center of the circle. Then, the cut surfaces 27 and 28 become surfaces parallel to the first {100} surface (S12).

(第3単結晶加工工程)
次に、第1の{100}面に沿って第2単結晶20Cを2箇所で切断し、切断面27、28を形成する(図5(C))。一方の切断面27に、Z方向に沿ったけがき線29を形成することが好ましい。即ち、けがき線29は、形成された面が第1の{100}面と平行な面であることを示すとともに、第2単結晶20Cの育成軸の方向を示す。けがき線29が形成された切断面27は、後述する第3種結晶60を単結晶育成用坩堝10にセットした際の下面となる。
(3rd single crystal processing step)
Next, the second single crystal 20C is cut at two locations along the first {100} plane to form cut surfaces 27 and 28 (FIG. 5C). It is preferable to form a scribe line 29 along one of the cut surfaces 27 along the Z direction. That is, the scribe line 29 indicates that the formed surface is parallel to the first {100} plane, and indicates the direction of the growth axis of the second single crystal 20C. The cut surface 27 where the scribe line 29 is formed becomes a lower surface when a third seed crystal 60 described later is set in the crucible 10 for growing a single crystal.

さらに、第3の{100}面に沿って第2単結晶20Cを切断することで、板材30Cを形成し(図5(D))、板材30Cを第2の{100}面)に沿って切断することで(切断線C3)、第1の<100>軸を長手方向とする棒状の第3種結晶60を形成する(図5(E)、図5(F))。尚、上記のように第2単結晶20Cを切断する際、切断後の寸法がルツボの形状および寸法に応じたものになるようにすればよい。また、けがき線29があることによって、第3種結晶60における第1〜第3の{100}面を相互に区別することが可能となり、けがき線29が形成された面が、第1の{100}面と平行な面S13となり、けがき線29と直交する面が、第3の{100}面と平行な面S33となり、けがき線29と平行な面が、第2の{100}面と平行な面S23となる。   Further, the plate material 30C is formed by cutting the second single crystal 20C along the third {100} plane (FIG. 5D), and the plate material 30C is cut along the second {100} plane. By cutting (cut line C3), a rod-shaped third seed crystal 60 having the first <100> axis as a longitudinal direction is formed (FIGS. 5E and 5F). When the second single crystal 20C is cut as described above, the size after cutting may be set in accordance with the shape and size of the crucible. Also, the presence of the scribe line 29 makes it possible to distinguish the first to third {100} planes of the third seed crystal 60 from each other, and the surface on which the scribe line 29 is formed is the first Becomes a plane S13 parallel to the {100} plane, a plane perpendicular to the scribe line 29 becomes a plane S33 parallel to the third {100} plane, and a plane parallel to the scribe line 29 becomes the second { The plane S23 is parallel to the 100 ° plane.

棒状の第3種結晶60は、単結晶の育成に用いられる場合、その長手方向である第1の<100>軸を育成方向として用いることができる。尚、第3種結晶60は、角柱状であってもよいし、円柱状であってもよく、単結晶育成用坩堝10の内面形状に対応するようテーパー加工または円形加工などの追加工を行ってもよい。また、第3種結晶60は、単結晶の育成に用いられる場合の育成方向が特定可能であれば、棒状に形成されていなくてもよい。以上のように、第3の<100>方向に育成した第2単結晶20Cを加工し、第2の<100>方向および第3の<100>方向と垂直な第1の<100>方向を育成方向とする第3種結晶60を得る。   When the rod-shaped third seed crystal 60 is used for growing a single crystal, the first <100> axis, which is the longitudinal direction, can be used as the growing direction. The third seed crystal 60 may have a prismatic shape or a cylindrical shape, and may be subjected to additional processing such as taper processing or circular processing so as to correspond to the inner surface shape of the single crystal growing crucible 10. You may. The third seed crystal 60 does not need to be formed in a rod shape as long as the growth direction when used for growing a single crystal can be specified. As described above, the second single crystal 20C grown in the third <100> direction is processed, and the first <100> direction perpendicular to the second <100> direction and the third <100> direction is changed. A third seed crystal 60 to be grown is obtained.

以上より、図3(A)において種結晶16に起因して生じた単結晶20の粒界AXの影響は、第1単結晶加工工程により得た第1種結晶40を用いて育成した第1単結晶20Bにおいてなくなる。すなわち、第1単結晶20Bには粒界AXの伝播による粒界は発生しない(図4(A))。   As described above, in FIG. 3A, the influence of the grain boundary AX of the single crystal 20 generated due to the seed crystal 16 depends on the first seed crystal 40 grown by the first single crystal processing step. It disappears in single crystal 20B. That is, no grain boundary is generated in the first single crystal 20B due to the propagation of the grain boundary AX (FIG. 4A).

一方、図3(A)において種結晶16に起因して生じた単結晶20の粒界AYの影響は、第1単結晶20Bにおいて残り、すなわち、第1単結晶20Bには粒界AYの伝播による粒界は発生する場合がある。ただし、第2単結晶加工工程により得た第2種結晶50を用いて育成した第2単結晶20Cにおいてなくなる。すなわち、第2単結晶20Cには粒界AYの伝播による粒界は発生しない(図5(A))。   On the other hand, the effect of the grain boundary AY of the single crystal 20 caused by the seed crystal 16 in FIG. 3A remains in the first single crystal 20B, that is, the propagation of the grain boundary AY to the first single crystal 20B. Grain boundaries may occur. However, it disappears in the second single crystal 20C grown using the second seed crystal 50 obtained in the second single crystal processing step. That is, no grain boundary is generated in the second single crystal 20C due to the propagation of the grain boundary AY (FIG. 5A).

なお、第2種結晶50には、育成方向とは垂直方向であるものの、粒界AYが残存する。ただし、第3単結晶加工工程により粒界AYも除去することが可能であり、得られた第3種結晶60は、粒界AXおよびAYのいずれも存在しなくなる。   Although the second seed crystal 50 is perpendicular to the growth direction, the grain boundary AY remains. However, the grain boundary AY can also be removed by the third single crystal processing step, and the obtained third seed crystal 60 does not have any of the grain boundaries AX and AY.

結果として、図3(A)において種結晶16に起因する単結晶20の粒界AXおよびAYの影響は、第1単結晶加工工程、第1単結晶育成工程、第2単結晶加工工程、第2単結晶育成工程および第3単結晶加工工程を経ることで、完全に無くすことができる。   As a result, in FIG. 3A, the influence of the grain boundaries AX and AY of the single crystal 20 caused by the seed crystal 16 is caused by the first single crystal processing step, the first single crystal growing step, the second single crystal processing step, and the second single crystal processing step. Through the second single crystal growing step and the third single crystal processing step, it can be completely eliminated.

[従来のFeGa合金の単結晶育成用種結晶の製造方法]
次に、図2を参照しつつ、従来のFeGa合金単結晶の育成用種結晶の製造方法について説明する。
[Conventional method for producing seed crystal for growing single crystal of FeGa alloy]
Next, a conventional method for producing a seed crystal for growing an FeGa alloy single crystal will be described with reference to FIG.

育成軸の方向をZ方向とし、Z方向と直交する2方向をX方向およびY方向とする。なお、X方向はY方向と直交する。棒状の種結晶16を用い、その長手方向(第1の<100>軸)をZ方向に合わせ、上記の単結晶育成装置100等を用いてFeGa合金単結晶を育成させ(図2(A))、単結晶20を得る(図2(B))。このとき、種結晶16に存在する粒界が、単結晶20において第2の{100}面と平行に伝搬されることで、単結晶20には、第2の{100}面(面S2)と平行な面に沿って粒界AXが形成されることがある。同様に、種結晶16に存在する粒界が、単結晶20Aにおいて第3の{100}面と平行に伝搬されることで、単結晶20には、第3の{100}面(面S3)と平行な面に沿って粒界AYが形成されることがある(図2(B))。   The direction of the growing axis is defined as a Z direction, and two directions orthogonal to the Z direction are defined as an X direction and a Y direction. Note that the X direction is orthogonal to the Y direction. Using a rod-shaped seed crystal 16, its longitudinal direction (first <100> axis) is aligned with the Z direction, and an FeGa alloy single crystal is grown using the above-described single crystal growing apparatus 100 or the like (FIG. 2A). ) To obtain a single crystal 20 (FIG. 2B). At this time, the grain boundary existing in seed crystal 16 is propagated in single crystal 20 in parallel with the second {100} plane, so that single crystal 20 has a second {100} plane (plane S2). Grain boundary AX may be formed along a plane parallel to. Similarly, the grain boundary existing in seed crystal 16 propagates in single crystal 20A in parallel with the third {100} plane, so that single crystal 20 has a third {100} plane (plane S3). A grain boundary AY may be formed along a plane parallel to (FIG. 2B).

次に、第2の{100}面に沿って単結晶20を2箇所で切断し、第2の{100}面(面S2)と平行な切断面21、22を形成する(図2(C))。さらに、単結晶20を、使用する際の長さを考慮して適宜なZ方向長さに切断し(図2(D))、第2の{100}面および第3の{100}面に沿って切断することで、Z方向(即ち<100>軸)を長手方向とする棒状の種結晶70を形成する(図2(E)(F))。   Next, the single crystal 20 is cut at two locations along the second {100} plane to form cut planes 21 and 22 parallel to the second {100} plane (plane S2) (FIG. 2C )). Further, the single crystal 20 is cut into an appropriate length in the Z direction in consideration of the length at the time of use (FIG. 2D), and cut into the second {100} plane and the third {100} plane. By cutting along the direction, a rod-shaped seed crystal 70 having a longitudinal direction in the Z direction (that is, the <100> axis) is formed (FIGS. 2E and 2F).

このように、従来のFeGa合金単結晶の育成用種結晶の製造方法の場合には、種結晶16に存在する粒界が伝播した粒界AXおよび粒界AYが、種結晶70においても残ってしまう。そのため、種結晶70を用いてFeGa合金の結晶を育成すると、種結晶70の粒界AXおよび粒界AYがその結晶に伝播してしまう結果、育成不良により単結晶が得られず、歩留まりが低下してしまう。   Thus, in the case of the conventional method for producing a seed crystal for growing a single crystal of an FeGa alloy, the grain boundary AX and the grain boundary AY in which the grain boundaries existing in the seed crystal 16 have propagated remain in the seed crystal 70. I will. Therefore, when a crystal of an FeGa alloy is grown using the seed crystal 70, the grain boundary AX and the grain boundary AY of the seed crystal 70 propagate to the crystal. As a result, a single crystal cannot be obtained due to poor growth, and the yield decreases. Resulting in.

以下、本発明について、実施例および比較例を挙げてさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.

[実施例1]
(第1単結晶加工工程に用いる単結晶の育成)
まず、室温20℃の環境下で、化学量論比でFeとGaの比率が80:20になるように、すなわちGa含有量が原子量%で20%となるように、メディアン径が約1mmの粒子状Fe原料(純度:99.9%)とGa原料(純度:99.99%)を秤量した。秤量したGa原料をテフロン(登録商標)容器に投入し、湯煎により融解した。さらに、融解したGa原料へFe原料を投入し、容器内で攪拌を行った後、室温まで冷却し、混合原料であるFeとGaの混合物17を作製した。
[Example 1]
(Growth of single crystal used in first single crystal processing step)
First, in an environment at room temperature of 20 ° C., the median diameter is about 1 mm so that the stoichiometric ratio of Fe and Ga becomes 80:20, that is, the Ga content becomes 20% in atomic weight%. A particulate Fe raw material (purity: 99.9%) and a Ga raw material (purity: 99.99%) were weighed. The weighed Ga raw material was put into a Teflon (registered trademark) container, and was melted by boiling in hot water. Further, the Fe raw material was added to the melted Ga raw material, and the mixture was stirred in the vessel, and then cooled to room temperature to prepare a mixture 17 of Fe and Ga as a mixed raw material.

そして、厚さ3mm、内径52mm、高さ200mmの緻密質アルミナ製の単結晶育成用坩堝10内の下部に、あらかじめ調整したFeGa合金種結晶16(縦5mm、横5mm、高さ30mmの直方体形状)を充填し、かつ、当該FeGa合金種結晶16の上にFeとGaの混合物17を充填した。このとき、FeGa合金種結晶16は、単結晶育成装置100において、育成軸の方向を鉛直方向と平行であるZ方向とし、Z方向と直交する2方向をX方向およびY方向(X方向はY方向と直交)と設定した。FeGa合金種結晶16は、その長手方向(第1の<100>軸)がZ方向となるように、単結晶育成用坩堝10内にセットした。   Then, in the lower part of the dense alumina single crystal growing crucible 10 having a thickness of 3 mm, an inner diameter of 52 mm and a height of 200 mm, a pre-adjusted FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 (a rectangular parallelepiped having a length of 5 mm, a width of 5 mm and a height of 30 mm) is placed. ), And a mixture 17 of Fe and Ga was filled on the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16. At this time, in the single crystal growing apparatus 100, the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 has a growth axis in the Z direction parallel to the vertical direction, and two directions orthogonal to the Z direction in the X direction and the Y direction (the X direction is the Y direction). Direction orthogonal). The FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 was set in the single crystal growing crucible 10 such that its longitudinal direction (first <100> axis) was in the Z direction.

次に、FeGa合金種結晶16とFeとGaの混合物17が充填された単結晶育成用坩堝10を、図1に示すように、多孔質アルミナ製の坩堝受け14上に載置し、熱電対15の先端部を単結晶育成用坩堝10の側面に接触させた。尚、上記熱電対15の単結晶育成用坩堝10への接触点は、FeGa合金種結晶16の底面から15mmの高さ位置になるよう設定した。   Next, the single crystal growing crucible 10 filled with the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16 and the mixture 17 of Fe and Ga is placed on a porous alumina crucible receiver 14 as shown in FIG. 15 was brought into contact with the side surface of the crucible 10 for growing a single crystal. The contact point of the thermocouple 15 with the single crystal growing crucible 10 was set at a height of 15 mm from the bottom surface of the FeGa alloy seed crystal 16.

次に、可動用ロッド13を駆動させて坩堝受け14をチャンバー19内の最下部にセットした。その後、チャンバー19内にアルゴンガスを導入し、チャンバー19内を大気圧の不活性雰囲気に調整した。また、カーボン製の抵抗加熱ヒーターからなる上段ヒーター12a、中段ヒーター12bおよび下段ヒーター12cとしては、独立に制御可能で、かつ、高さ方向の長さが200mmのものを使用した。   Next, the movable rod 13 was driven to set the crucible receiver 14 at the lowermost part in the chamber 19. Thereafter, an argon gas was introduced into the chamber 19, and the inside of the chamber 19 was adjusted to an inert atmosphere at atmospheric pressure. The upper heater 12a, the middle heater 12b, and the lower heater 12c, each of which is made of a carbon-made resistance heating heater, are individually controllable and have a length in the height direction of 200 mm.

そして、上段ヒーター12aの温度を1450℃、中段ヒーター12bの温度を1400℃、下段ヒーター12cの温度を1300℃の温度幅で設定し、チャンバー19内の昇温を行った。昇温が終了してチャンバー19内の温度が安定した後、可動用ロッド13を駆動させて坩堝受け14を上昇させることにより、単結晶育成用坩堝10を緩やかな速度で上昇させた。チャンバー19内には上部の温度が高く、下部の温度が低い温度勾配がつくられているので、チャンバー19の上部に移動するに従って単結晶育成用坩堝10内の温度が上昇し、FeとGaの混合物17が融解してその融解物が形成された。   The temperature of the upper heater 12a was set at 1450 ° C., the temperature of the middle heater 12b was set at 1400 ° C., and the temperature of the lower heater 12c was set at 1300 ° C., and the temperature inside the chamber 19 was raised. After the temperature rise was completed and the temperature in the chamber 19 was stabilized, the movable rod 13 was driven to raise the crucible receiver 14, whereby the single crystal growing crucible 10 was raised at a gentle speed. In the chamber 19, a temperature gradient in which the upper part temperature is high and the lower part temperature is low is formed, so that the temperature in the single crystal growing crucible 10 rises as it moves to the upper part of the chamber 19, and Fe and Ga Mixture 17 melted to form a melt.

混合原料がほぼ融解して融解物となったら、チャンバー19内へのアルゴンガスの導入を停止し、真空ポンプにて200Pa程度までチャンバー19内を減圧した。そのまま、約15分間保持し、融解物中の気泡を除去した。気泡除去後、アルゴンガスの導入を再開し、チャンバー19内を1気圧の不活性雰囲気に調整した。   When the mixed raw material was substantially melted into a molten material, the introduction of the argon gas into the chamber 19 was stopped, and the pressure in the chamber 19 was reduced to about 200 Pa by a vacuum pump. The mixture was kept for about 15 minutes to remove bubbles in the melt. After removing the bubbles, the introduction of argon gas was restarted, and the inside of the chamber 19 was adjusted to an inert atmosphere of 1 atm.

上記融解物が形成された単結晶育成用坩堝10の位置する付近で、熱電対15の接触点位置の温度をモニターしながら、可動用ロッド13を駆動させて単結晶育成用坩堝10の位置を数mm上昇させて温度を安定させた。この工程を繰り返して、熱電対15の温度が安定した状態で1350〜1400℃の範囲になるよう単結晶育成用坩堝10を上昇させた。単結晶育成用坩堝10を保持する位置が定まったら、3時間保持してシーディングを行った後、可動用ロッド13を駆動させて5mm/hで単結晶育成用坩堝10を降下させ、FeGa合金の単結晶の育成を開始した。単結晶育成用坩堝10の降下距離が150mmとなった後、育成を終了した。   In the vicinity of the position of the single crystal growing crucible 10 where the melt is formed, the movable rod 13 is driven to move the position of the single crystal growing crucible 10 while monitoring the temperature at the contact point position of the thermocouple 15. The temperature was raised by several mm to stabilize the temperature. By repeating this step, the single crystal growing crucible 10 was raised so that the temperature of the thermocouple 15 was in the range of 1350 to 1400 ° C. in a stable state. After the position for holding the single crystal growing crucible 10 is determined, seeding is performed by holding the single crystal growing crucible 10 for 3 hours, and then the movable rod 13 is driven to lower the single crystal growing crucible 10 at 5 mm / h, and the FeGa alloy Of single crystal was started. After the descent distance of the single crystal growing crucible 10 became 150 mm, the growing was finished.

上記単結晶の育成終了後、単結晶育成用坩堝10から育成したFeGa合金単結晶のインゴットを取り出したところ、直径52mm、長さ100mmのFeGa合金単結晶(単結晶20A)が得られた。   After the completion of the growth of the single crystal, the ingot of the grown FeGa alloy single crystal was taken out of the single crystal growing crucible 10 to obtain an FeGa alloy single crystal (single crystal 20A) having a diameter of 52 mm and a length of 100 mm.

(第1単結晶加工工程)
X線回折装置を用いて、得られた単結晶20Aの側面の{100}面を特定し、Z方向に沿ったマーキング線L1を形成し(図3(B))、外周刃にて{100}面に沿って切断して切断面21、22を得た(図3(C))。切断面21から22の長さは30mmとした。切断面21に、後に第2の{100}面となる面の中央部をZ方向に沿って横切る位置に、引き上げ軸と平行にダイヤペンでけがき線23を入れた(図3(C))。切断面21、22と垂直方向に単結晶20Aを切断して板材30A、そして板材30Bへと加工し(図3(D)、(E))、切断面21に種結晶切り出し位置となる部分(切断線C1)を油性ペンで書き込み、切断線C1に沿って内周刃で切断して第1種結晶40を得た。その後、第1種結晶40のそれぞれは、角を単結晶育成用坩堝10に入るように適宜、研削加工した。なお、育成時には第1種結晶40端面を一部融解させてシーディングを行うので、単結晶育成用坩堝10の内部形状に合わせることが重要であり、鏡面研磨やエッチングによる表面の追加工は不要である。
(First single crystal processing step)
Using an X-ray diffractometer, the {100} plane on the side surface of the obtained single crystal 20A is specified, a marking line L1 is formed along the Z direction (FIG. 3 (B)), and {100} is formed with an outer blade. Cut along the plane} to obtain cut surfaces 21 and 22 (FIG. 3 (C)). The length of the cut surfaces 21 to 22 was 30 mm. A scribing line 23 was inserted into the cut surface 21 with a diamond pen at a position crossing the center of the surface that will later become the second {100} surface along the Z direction with a diamond pen (FIG. 3C). . The single crystal 20A is cut in a direction perpendicular to the cut surfaces 21 and 22, and is processed into a plate material 30A and a plate material 30B (FIGS. 3D and 3E). The cutting line C1) was written with an oil-based pen and cut along the cutting line C1 with an inner peripheral blade to obtain a first seed crystal 40. Thereafter, each of the first seed crystals 40 was appropriately ground so that the corners entered the single crystal growing crucible 10. In addition, since seeding is performed by partially melting the end face of the first seed crystal 40 during growth, it is important to match the internal shape of the crucible 10 for growing a single crystal, and additional processing of the surface by mirror polishing or etching is unnecessary. It is.

(第1種結晶を用いた単結晶の育成)
けがき線23が付された第1種結晶40を20本用いて、上記と同様の育成方法でFeGa合金単結晶(第1単結晶20B)の育成を20回行った。育成されたFeGa合金単結晶を切断し、結晶内部を観察したところ、目視で確認できるような粒界が確認されたのは20本中1本であった。
(Growth of single crystal using first seed crystal)
Using the 20 first seed crystals 40 to which the scribe lines 23 are attached, the FeGa alloy single crystal (first single crystal 20B) was grown 20 times by the same growth method as described above. The grown FeGa alloy single crystal was cut, and the inside of the crystal was observed. As a result, one out of 20 grain boundaries that could be visually confirmed was confirmed.

[従来例1]
実施例1の初回の育成に使用した種結晶16と同等の同じ結晶から加工した種結晶16を用いて、図2に示す手順に従い、FeGa合金単結晶(単結晶20)を育成し、単結晶20の育成方向(第1の<100>方向)が長手方向となる種結晶70を製造した。
[Conventional example 1]
Using a seed crystal 16 processed from the same crystal as the seed crystal 16 used for the first growth in Example 1, an FeGa alloy single crystal (single crystal 20) was grown according to the procedure shown in FIG. A seed crystal 70 in which the growth direction (first <100> direction) of No. 20 was the longitudinal direction was manufactured.

上記により製造した種結晶70を20本用いて、種結晶70の長手方向が育成方向(第1の<100>方向)となるように、すなわち、育成方向は変えずに実施例1と同様に単結晶育成装置100を用いてFeGa合金単結晶の育成を20回行った。実施例1と同様に、育成されたFeGa合金単結晶を切断し、結晶内部を観察したところ、目視で確認できるような粒界が20本中3本で確認された。   Using 20 seed crystals 70 produced as described above, the longitudinal direction of the seed crystal 70 is set to the growth direction (first <100> direction), that is, as in Example 1 without changing the growth direction. The single crystal growing apparatus 100 was used to grow an FeGa alloy single crystal 20 times. As in Example 1, the grown FeGa alloy single crystal was cut, and the inside of the crystal was observed. As a result, three out of 20 grain boundaries that could be visually confirmed were confirmed.

[粒界の伝播]
上記の実施例1および比較例1の手順によりFeGa合金単結晶を育成した結果、粒界は第1〜第3の{100}面に沿って入りやすいことが分かった。これはFeGa合金単結晶に特有の性質であり、例えばGaAsやGaP単結晶では、{100}面で薄板状に加工した場合には<110>方向に劈開しやすく、<110>方向に転移も集中しやすい。ただし、FeGa合金単結晶では、{100}面で薄板状に加工した場合には<100>方向に劈開しやすいため、<100>方向に転移も集中しやすいと考えられる。
[Propagation of grain boundaries]
As a result of growing the FeGa alloy single crystal according to the procedure of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it was found that the grain boundaries easily entered along the first to third {100} planes. This is a characteristic peculiar to the FeGa alloy single crystal. For example, in the case of GaAs or GaP single crystal, when it is processed into a thin plate on the {100} plane, it is easily cleaved in the <110> direction, and the transition in the <110> direction also occurs. Easy to concentrate. However, in the case of the FeGa alloy single crystal, when processed into a thin plate shape on the {100} plane, the cleavage is likely to occur in the <100> direction, so that it is considered that the dislocation is also likely to concentrate in the <100> direction.

さらには、結晶中心に粒界の入ったFeGa合金単結晶について、種結晶の断面を観察した結果、種結晶にも粒界が存在しており、粒界のある種結晶を使用した場合には、育成された結晶にもほぼ粒界が伝播することがわかった。   Furthermore, as a result of observing the cross section of the seed crystal of the FeGa alloy single crystal having a grain boundary at the crystal center, the seed crystal also has a grain boundary, and when a seed crystal having a grain boundary is used, It was also found that the grain boundaries propagated to the grown crystal.

よって、FeGa合金の場合には、第1〜第3の{100}面のうち、育成軸の方向に沿った面と平行な面に優先的に粒界面が入りやすく、これが結晶成長方向に沿って結晶全体に伝播するという性質があることがわかった。   Therefore, in the case of the FeGa alloy, among the first to third {100} planes, a grain interface is likely to preferentially enter a plane parallel to the plane along the direction of the growth axis, and this is likely to occur along the crystal growth direction. It was found that it had the property of propagating throughout the crystal.

即ち、FeGa合金単結晶では、第1の<100>軸を育成軸とした場合、第1の<100>軸と垂直な成長面である第1の{100}面と平行な方向には粒界は伝播されにくく、育成軸に沿った第2の{100}面および第3の{100}面に沿って粒界が伝播していく。従って、従来例1のように、種結晶70を用い、第1の<100>軸を育成軸として単結晶を成長させると、第2の{100}面および第3の{100}面に存在する粒界AX、AYを引き継いでしまい、種結晶70が有する粒界が、この種結晶により育成される単結晶にも引き継がれてしまう。   That is, in the case of the FeGa alloy single crystal, when the first <100> axis is used as a growth axis, grains grow in a direction parallel to the first {100} plane, which is a growth plane perpendicular to the first <100> axis. The boundaries are not easily propagated, and the grain boundaries propagate along the second {100} plane and the third {100} plane along the growth axis. Therefore, when a single crystal is grown using the seed crystal 70 and the first <100> axis as the growth axis as in Conventional Example 1, the single crystal grows on the second {100} plane and the third {100} plane. The grain boundaries AX and AY of the seed crystal 70 are inherited, and the grain boundary of the seed crystal 70 is also inherited by the single crystal grown by the seed crystal.

一方、実施例1のように種結晶40を用い、育成軸を第1の<100>方向から第2の<100>方向に変えて単結晶を成長させると、種結晶の端面には第2の{100}面に由来する粒界AXは現れにくく、育成される結晶には粒界AXは伝播されにくいため、従来例1の場合よりも粒界の伝播を低減することができる。   On the other hand, when the seed crystal 40 is used and the growth axis is changed from the first <100> direction to the second <100> direction to grow a single crystal as in the first embodiment, the second face is formed on the end face of the seed crystal. Since the grain boundary AX originating from the {100} plane is unlikely to appear, and the grain boundary AX is not easily propagated to the grown crystal, the propagation of the grain boundary can be reduced as compared with the conventional example 1.

[まとめ]
以上の実施例の結果より、育成方向を1回変更して単結晶を育成しただけでも(実施例1)、従来例1と比べて粒界の伝播を低減できたことがわかる。この結果から、育成方向を2回変更、さらに3回変更すれば、種結晶起因の粒界の伝播をより抑制できることは明らかであり、比較例1の従来方法と比べて、FeGa合金の単結晶を廉価かつ大量に製造できることは、明確である。
[Summary]
From the results of the above examples, it can be seen that the propagation of grain boundaries could be reduced as compared with the conventional example 1 even when the single crystal was grown with the growth direction changed once (Example 1). From this result, it is clear that if the growth direction is changed twice, and further three times, the propagation of the grain boundary caused by the seed crystal can be further suppressed, and the single crystal of the FeGa alloy is compared with the conventional method of Comparative Example 1. It is clear that can be manufactured inexpensively and in large quantities.

10 単結晶育成用坩堝
11 断熱材
12 抵抗加熱ヒーター
12a 上段ヒーター
12b 中段ヒーター
12c 下段ヒーター
13 可動用ロッド
14 坩堝受け
15 熱電対
16 FeGa合金種結晶
17 FeとGaの混合物
18 真空ポンプ
19 チャンバー
20A 単結晶
20B 第1単結晶
20C 第2単結晶
40 第1種結晶
50 第2種結晶
60 第3種結晶
100 単結晶育成装置
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 crucible for growing single crystal 11 heat insulating material 12 resistance heater 12 a upper heater 12 b middle heater 12 c lower heater 13 movable rod 14 crucible receiver 15 thermocouple 16 FeGa alloy seed crystal 17 mixture of Fe and Ga 18 vacuum pump 19 chamber 20 A single Crystal 20B First single crystal 20C Second single crystal 40 First seed crystal 50 Second seed crystal 60 Third seed crystal 100 Single crystal growing apparatus

Claims (4)

体心立方格子構造を有し、第1〜第3の<100>方向について方向指数が等価である鉄ガリウム合金単結晶の育成用種結晶の製造方法であって、
第1の<100>方向に育成した単結晶を加工し、前記第1の<100>方向と垂直な第2の<100>方向を育成方向とする前記単結晶の育成に用いる第1種結晶を得る第1単結晶加工工程
を含む、種結晶の製造方法。
A method for producing a seed crystal for growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal, which has a body-centered cubic lattice structure and has the same direction index in the first to third <100> directions,
A first seed crystal used for growing the single crystal grown in the first <100> direction and grown in a second <100> direction perpendicular to the first <100> direction. A method for producing a seed crystal, comprising: a first single crystal processing step of obtaining
請求項1に記載の前記第1種結晶を用いて前記第2の<100>方向に鉄ガリウム合金単結晶を育成して第1単結晶を得る第1単結晶育成工程と、
前記第1単結晶を加工し、前記第2の<100>方向および前記第1の<100>方向と垂直な第3の<100>方向を育成方向とする前記単結晶の育成に用いる第2種結晶を得る第2単結晶加工工程と、
を含む、種結晶の製造方法。
A first single crystal growing step of growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal in the second <100> direction using the first seed crystal according to claim 1 to obtain a first single crystal;
The first single crystal is processed, and a second <100> direction and a third <100> direction perpendicular to the first <100> direction are used for growing the single crystal having a third <100> direction as a growth direction. A second single crystal processing step of obtaining a seed crystal,
A method for producing a seed crystal, comprising:
請求項2に記載の前記第2種結晶を用いて前記第3の<100>方向に鉄ガリウム合金単結晶を育成して第2単結晶を得る第2単結晶育成工程と、
前記第2単結晶を加工し、前記第3の<100>方向および前記第2の<100>方向と垂直な第1の<100>方向を育成方向とする前記単結晶の育成に用いる第3種結晶を得る第3単結晶加工工程と、
を含む、種結晶の製造方法。
A second single crystal growing step of growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal in the third <100> direction using the second seed crystal according to claim 2 to obtain a second single crystal;
The third used for growing the single crystal by processing the second single crystal and growing the first <100> direction perpendicular to the third <100> direction and the second <100> direction. A third single crystal processing step of obtaining a seed crystal,
A method for producing a seed crystal, comprising:
請求項1に記載の前記第1種結晶、請求項2に記載の前記第2種結晶または請求項3に記載の前記第3単結晶を用いて鉄ガリウム合金単結晶を育成する育成工程
を含む、鉄ガリウム合金単結晶の育成方法。
A growing step of growing an iron gallium alloy single crystal using the first seed crystal according to claim 1, the second seed crystal according to claim 2, or the third single crystal according to claim 3. , Method of growing iron gallium alloy single crystal.
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JP2018145081A (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-20 株式会社福田結晶技術研究所 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HIGH PERFORMANCE Fe-Ga BASED ALLOY SINGLE CRYSTAL

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