JP2018138532A - Biting/stinging damage prevention method of bee and horsefly - Google Patents
Biting/stinging damage prevention method of bee and horsefly Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018138532A JP2018138532A JP2017033558A JP2017033558A JP2018138532A JP 2018138532 A JP2018138532 A JP 2018138532A JP 2017033558 A JP2017033558 A JP 2017033558A JP 2017033558 A JP2017033558 A JP 2017033558A JP 2018138532 A JP2018138532 A JP 2018138532A
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- bee
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- room temperature
- bite
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法、より具体的には、ハチ類やアブ類の攻撃を回避し、刺咬等の被害を未然に防ぐための方法に関するものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for preventing bee and abs biting damage, more specifically, a method for avoiding attacks such as bees and bugs and preventing damage such as bites.
近年、宅地化が進んだ都市周辺の丘陵地帯や、山沿いの土木工事ならびに林業関連等の作業現場等において、ハチ類やアブ類に関する被害や苦情が増えている。特にハチ類については、日本で約３０００種類が知られているが、そのうち、約２０種類は刺咬性が強く、これらによる人的被害は人命に関わることも少なくない。
従来の対策方法は、（１）個人防除（ハチ類駆除エアゾール等を用いたハチ類の直接駆除）と、（２）環境防除（薬剤散布によるハチの巣駆除や営巣防止）が主体であり、これまで薬剤処方の改良については様々な提案がなされてきた。
In recent years, damage and complaints related to bees and flyfish are increasing in hilly areas around urban areas that have become residential land, civil engineering works along the mountains, and work sites related to forestry. In particular, about 3000 types of bees are known in Japan, of which about 20 types have strong bite characteristics, and human damage caused by these is often related to human life.
The conventional countermeasures mainly consist of (1) personal control (direct control of bees using bee control aerosols, etc.) and (2) environmental control (bee control and prevention of nesting by spraying drugs) Until now, various proposals have been made for improving drug formulations.
（１）個人防除において、スズメバチのような攻撃性の強いハチと対峙せざるを得ない場面では、速効性を有する薬剤が求められる。そこで、例えば、特許文献１（特開平１−２９９２０２号公報）は、２−メチル−４−オキソ−３−（２−プロピニル）シクロペンタ−２−エニル クリサンマートを有効成分とするハチ駆除剤を、また、特許文献２（特開２００９−１７３６０８号公報）は、一層速効性に優れたハチ防除用組成物として、メトフルトリンとテトラメトリンを有効成分とした組成物を開示した。しかしながら、薬剤を噴霧することによって、ハチ類が攻撃性を増し危険性が増大することも有り得る。
一方、（２）環境防除の面からも検討が進められ、例えば、特許文献３（特開２０１４−６２０８６号公報）には、難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分と沸点が１８０℃以上の高級脂肪酸エステル化合物を含有すると共にその配合比率を特定することによって有用なハチの営巣防除用エアゾール剤が得られる旨記載されている。このような営巣防止対策は、予防的措置として一定の効果を奏するものの、突然ハチ類に攻撃された場合に、（２）環境防除だけで対処できるものではない。
(1) In personal control, a fast-acting drug is required in situations where it is necessary to confront a highly aggressive bee such as a wasp. Therefore, for example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-299202) discloses a bee control agent containing 2-methyl-4-oxo-3- (2-propynyl) cyclopent-2-enyl chrysanmate as an active ingredient, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-173608) discloses a composition containing metfurthrin and tetramethrin as active ingredients as a bee-controlling composition that is more rapid. However, spraying the medicine may increase the risk of the bees becoming more aggressive.
On the other hand, (2) investigations are also being promoted from the viewpoint of environmental control. For example, Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-62086) discloses a non-volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component and a higher fatty acid ester having a boiling point of 180 ° C. or higher. It is described that a useful bee nesting aerosol agent can be obtained by specifying a compounding ratio while containing a compound. Although such nesting prevention measures have a certain effect as a preventive measure, (2) environmental control alone cannot be dealt with when suddenly attacked by bees.
本発明者らは、かかる現状を鑑み、ハチ類やアブ類の刺咬被害を防止するにあたっては、（１）個人防除と、（２）環境防除の両面からのアプローチが必要で、かつ、（１）個人防除においても、従来のような「ハチ類駆除エアゾール等を用いたハチ類の直接駆除」のみでは不十分であることを認識し、鋭意検討を重ねた。その結果、緊急事態に備えてハチ類駆除エアゾール等を携行することの有用性は認めつつ、これとの併用手段として、特定の薬剤を保持させた衣類を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、ハチ類やアブ類が接近するとしても刺咬被害を回避できることを知見し、本発明を完成するに至ったものである。 In view of the current situation, the present inventors need an approach from both aspects of (1) personal control and (2) environmental control in order to prevent the bite damage of bees and flies. 1) Recognizing that “direct bee control using bee control aerosols” as in the past is not sufficient for personal control, we conducted extensive studies. As a result, while appreciating the usefulness of carrying bee-control aerosols in preparation for emergencies, as a means to use it together, wear clothes holding specific drugs, and room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticides Knowing that when a user wears a chemical volatilization device that releases an airflow containing components, even if bees or flies approach, biting damage can be avoided, and the present invention is completed It has come to be.
ところで、特許文献４（特許第４０８３７８１号）に係る「携帯用害虫防除装置」は、「害虫防除成分を保持し気流が当てられると前記害虫防除成分が揮散される薬剤保持体を含む携帯用害虫防除装置を身につけて、胴体表面の上方向及び下方向に沿って前記害虫防除成分を含んだ気流を放出することにより、有効な害虫防除効果が得られる」旨開示している。しかしながら、この技術はあくまで防除が容易な蚊類を対象としたもので、本発明の参考とはなり得ない。 By the way, the “portable pest control device” according to Patent Document 4 (Patent No. 4083781) is “a portable pest containing a chemical holding body that holds a pest control component and vaporizes the pest control component when air current is applied. It is disclosed that an effective pest control effect can be obtained by wearing a pest control device and releasing an air stream containing the pest control component along the upper and lower directions of the body surface. However, this technique is intended only for mosquitoes that are easy to control, and cannot be used as a reference for the present invention.
本発明は、ハチ、アブ類に対する個人防除において、特定の薬剤を保持させた衣類を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、効果的なハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention uses a chemical volatilization device for personal control of bees and flies that wears clothing that holds a specific chemical and releases airflow containing a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide. It is intended to provide an effective method for preventing bite and bite bites damage by wearing on the body.
本発明は、以下の構成が上記目的を達成するために優れた効果を奏することを見出したものである。
（１）ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避成分の少なくとも１種以上を保持させた衣服を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の少なくとも１種以上を含有する薬剤保持体を回転させるか、もしくは前記薬剤保持体にファンによる風を当てることにより、前記常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着する、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（２）前記衣服を着用すると共に、前記薬剤保持体を回転させることによる遠心力の作用で前記常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が前記薬剤保持体からその回転面の全周囲方向に放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着する、（１）に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（３）前記衣服を着用し、その上に、前記薬剤揮散装置を使用者がベルトを介して腰に装着する、（１）又は（２）に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（４）前記ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避成分は、２−（２−ヒドロキシエチル）−１−ピペリジンカルボン酸１−メチルプロピル、及び３−（Ｎ−ｎ−ブチルアセトアミド）プロピオン酸エチルである（１）ないし（３）のいずれか一に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（５）前記常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分は、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、プロフルトリン、ジメフルトリン、メペルフルトリン、ヘプタフルトリン、及びテフルトリンである（１）ないし（４）のいずれか一に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（６）前記薬剤保持体は、前記常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を保持可能な間隙が形成された薬剤保持層と、前記間隙より大きいサイズの空隙が形成された通気層とを有する円盤状の繊維立体構造体である（１）ないし（５）のいずれか一に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
The present invention has been found that the following constitution has an excellent effect for achieving the above-mentioned object.
(1) Wear a garment that holds at least one repellent component against bees and flies, and rotate a drug carrier containing at least one kind of room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide, or The user wears a chemical volatilization device that releases the airflow containing the room temperature volatility pyrethroid insecticide component by applying a fan wind to the drug holder. Damage prevention method.
(2) While wearing the clothes, an airflow containing the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component is released from the drug holder in the entire circumferential direction of the rotating surface by the action of centrifugal force generated by rotating the drug holder. The method for preventing bee and abbit bite damage prevention according to (1), wherein the user wears the chemical volatilization device that has been adapted.
(3) The method for preventing bee and abbit bite damage prevention according to (1) or (2), in which the user wears the clothes and the user wears the drug volatilization device on a waist via a belt. .
(4) The repellent components for the bees and abs are 1-methylpropyl 2- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperidinecarboxylate and ethyl 3- (Nn-butylacetamido) propionate (1 ) The method for preventing bite damage of a bee or a fly according to any one of (3).
(5) The bee or ab according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component is transfluthrin, metofluthrin, profluthrin, dimefluthrin, meperfluthrin, heptafluthrin, and tefluthrin. How to prevent damage to bites.
(6) The drug holding body has a disk-like shape having a drug holding layer in which a gap capable of holding the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component is formed and a ventilation layer in which a gap having a size larger than the gap is formed. The method for preventing bite damage of bees and flies according to any one of (1) to (5), which is a three-dimensional fiber structure.
本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法は、特定の薬剤を保持させた衣類を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、ハチ類やアブ類の刺咬被害を効果的に防止できるので極めて実用的である。 The method for preventing bite damage of bees and flies according to the present invention comprises a chemical volatilization device that wears clothing holding a specific chemical and releases airflow containing a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component. It is very practical because the user can effectively prevent the bite damage of bees and moths when worn by the user.
本発明では、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避成分の少なくとも１種以上が衣服に保持されて「薬剤保持衣服」を構成する。ここで「薬剤保持衣服」とは、上半身を被う上着、安全チョッキ、安全ベスト、もしくはこれに類したものや、下半身を被うズボン等を含み、その材質は、綿、麻等の天然繊維や、レーヨン、ポリエステル、ナイロン等の半合成繊維ならびに合成繊維等、様々である。
また、忌避成分を保持させた「薬剤保持衣服」を着用するとは、衣服に忌避成分を保持させた後着用してもよいし、衣服を着用した後、これに忌避成分を保持させる手段を講じる場合も包含する。
In the present invention, at least one or more of repellent components against bees and flies are held in clothes to constitute “drug holding clothes”. Here, “medicine-holding clothing” includes outerwear that covers the upper body, safety vest, safety vest, or the like, and trousers that cover the lower body. The material is natural, such as cotton or linen. There are various types of fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon, polyester, nylon, and synthetic fibers.
In addition, wearing a “drug-holding garment” in which a repellent component is retained may be worn after the repellent component is retained in the garment, or a means for retaining the repellent component after wearing the clothing is provided. Including cases.
本発明で用いる、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避成分としては、２−（２−ヒドロキシエチル）−１−ピペリジンカルボン酸１−メチルプロピル［以降、イカリジンと称す］、３−（Ｎ−ｎ−ブチルアセトアミド）プロピオン酸エチル［以降、ＩＲ３５３５と称す］、ディート、ｐ−メンタン−３，８−ジオール、フタール酸ジメチル、２−エチル−１，３−ヘキサンジオール、ベンジルアセテート、シトロネラール、シトロネロール、シトラール、リナロール、テルピネオール、メントール、α―ピネン、カンファー、ゲラニオール、カランー３，４−ジオール等の合成あるいは天然の各種化合物、更には、桂皮、シトロネラ油、レモングラス油、クローバ油、ベルガモット油、ユーカリ油等の精油、抽出液等があげられ、これらは単独で用いてもよいし、２種以上を混合使用することもできる。このような忌避成分が蚊類に対して高い忌避効果を示すことはよく知られているが、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避効果はそれほど高くないと言われている。
しかるに、本発明者らが検討を重ねた結果、後記するように、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流と併存させた時に、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避効果が相乗的に向上することを知見するに至った。
なかでも、イカリジン及びＩＲ３５３５については、その忌避効果の向上度合いが顕著であり、しかも、上記の各種繊維に対して殆ど影響を及ぼさないので、本発明の目的に特に適していることが判明したものである。
As repellent components for bees and abs used in the present invention, 2- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 1-methylpropyl [hereinafter referred to as icaridin], 3- (Nn-butylacetamide) ) Ethyl propionate [hereinafter referred to as IR3535], diet, p-menthane-3,8-diol, dimethyl phthalate, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, benzyl acetate, citronellal, citronellol, citral, linalool, Synthetic or natural compounds such as terpineol, menthol, α-pinene, camphor, geraniol, caran-3,4-diol, and other essential oils such as cinnamon, citronella oil, lemongrass oil, clover oil, bergamot oil, eucalyptus oil, etc. Extract, etc., these are used alone It may be, may be mixed using two or more kinds. It is well known that such a repellent component has a high repellent effect on mosquitoes, but it is said that the repellent effect on bees and abs is not so high.
However, as a result of repeated investigations by the present inventors, it has been found that the repellent effect on bees and moths is synergistically improved when coexisting with an air flow containing a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide, as will be described later. It came to do.
Among these, for icaridin and IR3535, the degree of improvement in the repellent effect is remarkable, and it has been found to be particularly suitable for the purpose of the present invention because it hardly affects the various fibers described above. It is.
「薬剤保持衣服」における前記忌避成分の保持量は、使用場面や対象とするハチ、アブ類の種類等によって設定すればよいが、１０ｍｇ〜２０００ｍｇ／ｍ２程度が適当である。また、その保持方法についても公知の方法を適宜選択すればよく、例えば、液剤又はエアゾール剤を噴霧又は塗布することによって調製可能である。 The amount of the repellent component retained in the “medicament-holding garment” may be set depending on the use scene, the type of target bee, flies, etc., but about 10 mg to 2000 mg / m 2 is appropriate. Moreover, what is necessary is just to select a well-known method suitably also about the holding | maintenance method, for example, it can prepare by spraying or apply | coating a liquid agent or an aerosol agent.
本発明では、前記忌避成分の揮散性に支障を来たさない限りにおいて、前記忌避成分と共に、２５℃における蒸気圧が１×１０−５ｍｍＨｇ未満である難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分、例えば、シフルトリン、フェノトリン、シフェノトリン、ペルメトリン、シペルメトリン、レスメトリン、フタルスリン、イミプロトリン、モンフルオロトリン、トラロメトリン、ビフェントリン、エトフェンプロックス、及びシラフルオフェンを配合してもよい。こうすることによって、ハチ類やアブ類が前記忌避成分の忌避効果にも拘わらず接近した場合においても、難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分に接触して確実な刺咬回避行動を惹起させることが可能となる。
なお、難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の酸成分やアルコール部分において、不斉炭素に基づく光学異性体や幾何異性体が存在する場合、これらの各々や任意の混合物も本発明に包含されることは勿論である。
In the present invention, a non-volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component having a vapor pressure of less than 1 × 10 −5 mmHg at 25 ° C. together with the repellent component, as long as it does not hinder the volatility of the repellent component, Cyfluthrin, phenothrin, ciphenothrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, resmethrin, phthalthrin, imiprothrin, monfluorotrin, tralomethrin, bifenthrin, etofenprox, and silafluophene may be blended. By doing this, even when bees and moths approach despite the repellent effect of the repellent component, it is possible to contact the non-volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component and cause reliable biting avoidance behavior It becomes.
In addition, in the acid component and alcohol part of the non-volatile pyrethroid insecticide component, when there are optical isomers and geometric isomers based on asymmetric carbon, these and any mixtures thereof are also included in the present invention. Of course.
本発明は、前述の「薬剤保持衣服」を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害を効果的に防止することを特徴とする。
ここで、薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着するとは、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用後、薬剤揮散装置を装着してもよいし、薬剤揮散装置を装着した後、衣服に忌避成分を保持させる手段を講じる場合も包含するが、通常、前者が好ましい。
The present invention wears the above-mentioned `` drug-holding clothes '' and wears a drug volatilization device in which a gas stream containing a room temperature volatility pyrethroid insecticide component is released, by a user wearing a bee, It is characterized by effectively preventing damage to bites by bites.
Here, when a user wears the drug volatilization device, the user may wear the drug volatilization device after wearing the “medicament holding clothing” or hold the repellent component in the clothes after wearing the drug volatilization device. Although the case where the means to take is taken is also included, the former is usually preferable.
本発明で用いる常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分としては、例えば、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、プロフルトリン、ジメフルトリン、メペルフルトリン、ヘプタフルトリン、テフルトリン、エムペントリン、及びテラレスリン等があげられ、一般的に、２５℃における蒸気圧が１×１０−５ｍｍＨｇ以上のものが該当する。
なお、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の酸成分やアルコール部分において、不斉炭素に基づく光学異性体や幾何異性体が存在する場合、これらの各々や任意の混合物も本発明に包含されることは勿論である。
Examples of the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide used in the present invention include, for example, transfluthrin, methufluthrin, profluthrin, dimethylfluthrin, meperfluthrin, heptafluthrin, tefluthrin, empentrin, and teraleslin. The vapor pressure is 1 × 10 −5 mmHg or more.
In addition, in the acid component and alcohol part of the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component, when there are optical isomers and geometric isomers based on asymmetric carbon, these and any mixtures thereof are also included in the present invention. Of course.
常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の薬剤揮散装置からの放出量についても、「薬剤保持衣服」の場合と同様に、使用場面や対象とするハチ、アブ類の種類等によって設定すればよく、０．０５ｍｇ〜２．０ｍｇ／ｈ程度が適当である。 The amount of the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component released from the drug volatilization device may be set according to the use scene, the type of bee, the type of the fly, etc., as in the case of “drug holding clothes”. An amount of about 05 mg to 2.0 mg / h is appropriate.
本発明は、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用することによる忌避効果と、薬剤揮散装置から放出される常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による防除効果（忌避効果及び駆除効果を含む概念）を相乗的に協働させ、ハチ、アブ類が接近するとしても刺咬被害を回避できることを見出したものである。
即ち、前述の忌避成分による忌避作用と常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による忌避作用はメカニズム的に異なるのであり、まず、両者の忌避効果が相まって相乗協働的に刺咬被害を防止し、それでもハチ、アブ類が接近した場合には、身体周りの常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分が更なる刺咬回避行動を惹起させるものと推察される。
The present invention synergistically cooperates with the repellent effect by wearing “medicine holding clothing” and the control effect (concept including repellent effect and control effect) by the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticides released from the chemical volatilization device. It has been found that even if a bee or a fly approaches, the bite damage can be avoided.
In other words, the repellent effect of the above-mentioned repellent component and the repellent effect of the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component are mechanically different. It is inferred that when the abs are approaching, the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component around the body induces further biting avoidance behavior.
ところで、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用し、この上にピレスロイド系殺虫成分を保持させた「第二の衣服」を着用した場合において、本発明者らがそのピレスロイド系殺虫成分の種類について検討を行った結果、トランスフルトリンやメトフルトリンのような常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分よりはむしろ、シフルトリン、フェノトリンやフタルスリンのような難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の方が、刺咬被害防止の点でより効果的に作用することを認めた。このことは、衣服に保持させる形態では、忌避成分による忌避効果と難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による持続的な駆除効果を協働させる方がより有効であることを示している。
しかるに、本発明者らは、更に検討を進め、今般、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を衣服に保持させるのではなく、薬剤揮散装置から連続して放出させることによっても、同じように刺咬被害を効果的に防止できることを見出したのである。
By the way, in the case of wearing a “drug holding garment” and a “second garment” in which a pyrethroid insecticidal component is held thereon, the present inventors examined the types of the pyrethroid insecticidal component. As a result, rather than room-temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticides such as transfluthrin and metfurthrin, non-volatile pyrethroid insecticides such as cyfluthrin, phenothrin and phthalthrin are more effective in preventing bite damage. Has been confirmed to work. This indicates that it is more effective to cooperate the repellent effect by the repellent component and the continuous extermination effect by the non-volatile pyrethroid insecticide component in the form held in the clothes.
However, the present inventors have further investigated, and in general, the normal bite-penetrating pyrethroid insecticide component is not held in clothes but is continuously released from the drug volatilization device, and the bite damage is similarly caused. It was found that this can be effectively prevented.
本発明では、本発明の効果に支障を来たさない限りにおいて、「薬剤保持衣服」に忌避成分の外に、他の機能性成分、例えば、ピレスロイド系殺虫成分以外の他のタイプの殺虫成分や、除菌・抗菌成分、消臭成分、衣服の柔軟成分等を保持させてもよい。
ピレスロイド系殺虫成分以外の他のタイプの殺虫成分としては、ジクロルボス、フェニトロチオン等の有機リン系化合物、プロポクスル等のカーバメート系化合物、ジノテフラン、イミダクロプリド、クロチアニジン等のネオニコチノイド系化合物があげられる。
また、除菌・抗菌成分としては、３−メチル−４−イソプロピルフェノール、オルト−フェニルフェノール、２−ｎ−オクチル−４−イソチアゾリン−３−オン、５−クロロ−２−メチル−４−イソチアゾリン−３−オン、２−メルカプトベンゾチアゾール等を例示できる。更に、消臭成分としては、イネ科、ツバキ科、イチョウ科、モクセイ科、クワ科、ミカン科、キントラノオ科、カキノキ科の中から選ばれる植物抽出物、例えば、サトウキビエキス、緑茶抽出エキス、チャ乾留物、柿抽出エキス、グレープフルーツ抽出エキス、レンギョウ抽出エキス等が代表的である。また、「緑の香り」と呼ばれる青葉アルコールや青葉アルデヒド等を添加してリラックス効果を付与することもできる。
In the present invention, as long as the effect of the present invention is not hindered, in addition to the repellent component in the “drug holding clothes”, other functional components, for example, other types of insecticidal components other than pyrethroid insecticidal components Alternatively, a sterilizing / antibacterial component, a deodorant component, a flexible component of clothes, and the like may be retained.
Other types of insecticidal components other than pyrethroid insecticidal components include organophosphorus compounds such as dichlorvos and fenitrothion, carbamate compounds such as propoxur, and neonicotinoid compounds such as dinotefuran, imidacloprid and clothianidin.
In addition, as sterilizing and antibacterial components, 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, ortho-phenylphenol, 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazoline- Examples include 3-one and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Further, the deodorant component may be a plant extract selected from the family Gramineae, Camelliae, Ginkgoceae, Coleaceae, Mulberry, Citrus, Kintranoaceae, Oysteraceae, such as sugar cane extract, green tea extract, tea Typical examples are dry-distilled products, koji extract, grapefruit extract, forsythia extract and the like. In addition, green leaf alcohol or green leaf aldehyde called “green scent” can be added to give a relaxing effect.
「薬剤保持衣服」を調製するにあたっては、前述のとおり、公知の方法を適宜採用すればよいが、所定の成分を含有する液剤又はエアゾール剤を衣服にスプレー又は噴霧する方法が代表的なので、以下これについて述べる。 In preparing the “medicament holding garment”, as described above, a known method may be adopted as appropriate, but a method of spraying or spraying a liquid or aerosol containing a predetermined component on a garment is typical. This will be described.
衣服処理用に用いる液剤は、所定の忌避成分に、必要ならば他の機能性成分を加え、これに溶剤や適宜補助剤を配合して製する。忌避成分の液剤全体量に対する配合量は１〜５０質量％程度が適当であり、溶剤は、通常、速乾性や火気への安全性等を考慮のうえ決定される。
かかる溶剤としては、炭素数が２〜３のアルコール類、例えば、エチルアルコールやイソプロピルアルコール（ＩＰＡ）が好ましいが、必要ならば、他の種類の溶剤、例えば、水、灯油等の炭化水素系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤、エーテル系溶剤等を適宜配合してもよい。
液剤が露出した人の肌にかかるような場面では、水の配合は人体への安全性やさらさら感を付与できるので好適である。水の種類については特に限定されないが、硬度７００以下の天然ミネラル水が好ましい。海洋深層水、海洋表層水、地下深層水、山麓の涌き水等のミネラル水は、カルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、カリウムイオン等の金属イオンを含み、人体に不足しがちなミネラル成分を補給しやすいことから各方面で注目されており、例えば、逆浸透膜法等により濾過、脱塩処理を行い硬度を１００〜１０００程度に調整したものが飲料として販売されている。
The liquid agent used for clothing treatment is prepared by adding other functional components to a predetermined repellent component, if necessary, and adding a solvent or an appropriate auxiliary agent thereto. The blending amount of the repellent component with respect to the total amount of the liquid agent is suitably about 1 to 50% by mass, and the solvent is usually determined in consideration of quick drying properties, safety to fire, and the like.
Such a solvent is preferably an alcohol having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, such as ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol (IPA), but if necessary, other types of solvents such as hydrocarbon solvents such as water and kerosene. , Ester solvents, ketone solvents, ether solvents and the like may be appropriately blended.
In a scene where the liquid agent is exposed to the skin of a person, the formulation of water is suitable because it can provide safety and a feeling of smoothness to the human body. The type of water is not particularly limited, but natural mineral water having a hardness of 700 or less is preferable. Mineral water, such as deep ocean water, ocean surface water, deep underground water, and mountain water, contains metal ions such as calcium ions, magnesium ions, and potassium ions, and it is easy to replenish mineral components that are likely to be deficient in the human body. For example, beverages that have been filtered and desalted by the reverse osmosis membrane method and adjusted to a hardness of about 100 to 1000 are sold as beverages.
また、液剤調製に際し、補助剤として、更に界面活性剤や可溶化剤、滑沢剤、安定化剤、ｐＨ調整剤、紫外線吸収剤や紫外線散乱剤、着色剤、香料等を適宜配合することもできる。
界面活性剤や可溶化剤としては、例えば、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン高級アルキルエーテル類（ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル等）、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル類、ポリオキシエチレン高級脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル等の非イオン系界面活性剤や、ラウリルアミンオキサイド、ステアリルアミンオキサイド、ラウリル酸アミドプロピルジメチルアミンオキサイド等の高級アルキルアミンオキサイド系界面活性剤を例示することができる。
更に、肌にさらさら感を付与するための滑沢剤として、無水ケイ酸、タルク等の無機粉末、変性デンプン、シルク繊維粉末等の有機粉末があげられ、紫外線吸収剤や紫外線散乱剤としては、パラアミノ安息香酸、アミルサリシネート、オクチルシンナメート、メトキシ桂皮酸オクチル、２,４−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン等があげられる。
In addition, in preparing the liquid agent, a surfactant, a solubilizer, a lubricant, a stabilizer, a pH adjuster, an ultraviolet absorber, an ultraviolet scattering agent, a colorant, a fragrance, and the like may be appropriately added as an auxiliary agent. it can.
Examples of surfactants and solubilizers include sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene higher alkyl ethers (polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, etc.) Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, , Higher alkylamine oxide surfactants such as laurylamine oxide, stearylamine oxide, laurylamidopropyldimethylamine oxide, etc. Kill.
Furthermore, examples of the lubricant for imparting a smooth feeling to the skin include inorganic powders such as silicic anhydride and talc, and organic powders such as modified starch and silk fiber powder. As ultraviolet absorbers and ultraviolet scattering agents, Examples include paraaminobenzoic acid, amyl salicinate, octyl cinnamate, octyl methoxycinnamate, and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone.
衣服処理用に用いる剤型として、液剤に噴射剤を加えてエアゾール形態とすれば、スプレー粒子を微粒化でき、利便性が高いものとなる。その場合の噴射剤としては、液化石油ガス（ＬＰＧ）、ジメチルエーテル（ＤＭＥ）、圧縮ガス（窒素ガス、炭酸ガス、亜酸化窒素、圧縮空気等）があげられる。
前記液剤又はエアゾール剤が充填される容器のノズル、バルブ、噴口等の形状は、その用途、対象害虫等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。例えば、広角ノズル付きのトリガースプレータイプは、一度の操作で広い範囲を処理することが可能となり便利である。また、容器の材質としてＰＥＴを使用することによって、液量を視認できると共にデザイン性にも優れるというメリットを有する。
As a dosage form used for clothes processing, if a propellant is added to a liquid to form an aerosol, spray particles can be atomized and the convenience is high. Examples of the propellant in this case include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether (DME), and compressed gas (nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, nitrous oxide, compressed air, etc.).
What is necessary is just to determine suitably shapes, such as a nozzle of a container filled with the said liquid agent or an aerosol agent, a valve | bulb, and a nozzle, according to the use, a target pest, etc. For example, a trigger spray type with a wide-angle nozzle is convenient because it can process a wide range with a single operation. In addition, by using PET as the material of the container, there is an advantage that the liquid amount can be visually recognized and the design is excellent.
こうして得られた液剤又はエアゾール剤の所定量を衣服にスプレー又は噴霧し、本発明で用いる「薬剤保持衣服」を調製する。 A predetermined amount of the liquid or aerosol thus obtained is sprayed or sprayed on the clothes to prepare “medicine holding clothes” used in the present invention.
次に、本発明で「薬剤保持衣服」と共に併用される薬剤揮散装置は、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流の放出機構に基づいて、薬剤保持体を回転させるタイプか、もしくは前記薬剤保持体にファンによる風を当てるタイプに大別される。
前者の回転タイプは、薬剤保持体回転面の全周囲方向にピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流を放出でき、拡散力に優れるため後者より好ましい形態であり、以下、前者の回転タイプを中心に説明する。
Next, the drug volatilization apparatus used in combination with the “medicament holding garment” in the present invention is a type in which the drug holder is rotated based on an air flow release mechanism containing a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component, or the drug holding It is divided roughly into the type which hits the body with the wind by the fan.
The former rotation type is more preferable than the latter because it can release an airflow containing a pyrethroid insecticidal component in the entire circumferential direction of the rotation surface of the drug holder and is excellent in diffusing power. Hereinafter, the former rotation type will be mainly described. .
薬剤揮散装置に収納される薬剤保持体は、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を保持可能な間隙が形成された薬剤保持層と、前記間隙より大きいサイズの空隙が形成された通気層とを積層した繊維立体構造体が適している。そして、その通気層に隣接する位置に通気層の形態を維持する形態維持層を、薬剤保持層／通気層／形態維持層の順で設けるのが好ましい。その形状としては、特に限定されるものではなく、円盤状、ドーナツ状、歯車状、扇風機状、中空円筒状など、目的に応じて適宜決定すればよいが、円盤状に形成したものが代表的である。
円盤状の繊維立体構造体の場合、直径が４〜８ｃｍ程度で、その厚みは１〜７ｍｍ程度のものが使いやすい。この場合、前述の薬剤保持層と通気層とを構成単位として一枚の状態にて厚みを形成する実施形態だけでなく、複数枚重畳したことによる実施形態も採用することができる。例えば、２枚重畳の形態において、［薬剤保持層／通気層‖薬剤保持層／通気層］でも良いし、［通気層／薬剤保持層‖薬剤保持層／通気層］の構成でも構わない。
The drug holder accommodated in the drug volatilization apparatus is formed by laminating a drug holding layer in which a gap capable of holding a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component is formed and a ventilation layer in which a gap larger than the gap is formed. A fiber three-dimensional structure is suitable. And it is preferable to provide the form maintenance layer which maintains the form of a ventilation layer in the position adjacent to the ventilation layer in order of a chemical | medical agent holding layer / a ventilation layer / a form maintenance layer. The shape is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the purpose, such as a disc shape, a donut shape, a gear shape, a fan shape, a hollow cylindrical shape, etc., but a shape formed in a disc shape is typical. It is.
In the case of a disk-shaped fiber three-dimensional structure, a diameter of about 4 to 8 cm and a thickness of about 1 to 7 mm are easy to use. In this case, not only an embodiment in which the thickness is formed in a single state with the above-described drug retaining layer and air-permeable layer as structural units, but also an embodiment in which a plurality of layers are overlapped can be adopted. For example, in the form of two overlapping layers, the structure may be [drug holding layer / breathing layer‖drug holding layer / breathing layer] or [breathing layer / drug holding layer‖drug holding layer / breathing layer].
繊維立体構造体を形成する繊維の原料としては、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散が安定し持続性が良好なものがより好ましく、例えば、天然繊維の木綿、麻、羊毛、絹等またレーヨン等の半合成繊維、合成繊維のポリエステルであるポリエチレンテレフタレート（以下ＰＥＴと略す）やポリブチレンテレフタレート、ナイロン、アクリル、ビニロン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、アラミド、ポリフェニレンサルファイド等、無機繊維のガラス繊維やカーボン繊維、セラミック繊維等を挙げることが出来る。
なかでも、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリブチレンテレフタレートなどのポリエステル材料、及びポリアミド樹脂などのナイロン系の材料が使いやすく、一種類の材料でも、また薬剤保持層や通気層の構成部分毎に異なった材料を使用してもよい。なお、これらの材料からなる薬剤保持体では、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分が毛管現象を介して繊維立体構造体の内部を移動後表面から揮散し、その常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散は安定して継続するものとされている。
The raw material of the fiber forming the three-dimensional structure of the fiber is preferably a material having stable volatility of the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component and having good durability, such as natural fiber cotton, hemp, wool, silk, etc. Semi-synthetic fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter abbreviated as PET), polybutylene terephthalate, nylon, acrylic, vinylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid, polyphenylene sulfide, etc. A ceramic fiber etc. can be mentioned.
Among them, polyester materials such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, and nylon materials such as polyamide resin are easy to use, and even one type of material is used for each component of the drug retaining layer and ventilation layer. May be. In addition, in the drug holder made of these materials, the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component is volatilized from the surface after moving through the inside of the fiber three-dimensional structure via capillary action, and the vaporization of the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component is It is supposed to continue stably.
前述の薬剤保持体は、通常、薬剤カートリッジに収納されて使用に供される。このような薬剤カートリッジの一形態としては、薬剤保持体が円盤状の場合、薬剤保持体の上下両側面を囲むようにそれぞれ上側部分及び下側部分と、薬剤保持体の外側周囲を囲むように複数個の保持枠を有し、かつ中心位置に軸受部を備え薬剤揮散装置のモーター軸と嵌合し得る形態があげられる。 The above-mentioned medicine holder is usually stored in a medicine cartridge for use. As one form of such a medicine cartridge, when the medicine holder is disk-shaped, it surrounds the upper and lower parts and the outer periphery of the medicine holder so as to surround both the upper and lower sides of the medicine holder, respectively. There is a configuration in which a plurality of holding frames are provided and a bearing portion is provided at the center position and can be fitted to the motor shaft of the drug volatilization apparatus.
薬剤保持体には、「薬剤保持衣服」の場合と同様、本発明の効果に支障を来たさない限りにおいて、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の外に、他の機能性成分、例えば、ピレスロイド系殺虫成分以外の他のタイプの殺虫成分や、除菌・抗菌成分、消臭成分等を保持させてもよい。 As in the case of the “drug holding garment”, in addition to the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component, other functional components such as pyrethroid, as in the case of “drug holding clothes”, are used. You may make it hold | maintain other types of insecticidal components other than a system insecticidal component, disinfection, an antibacterial component, a deodorizing component, etc.
常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を薬剤保持体に保持させるにあたっては、通常各種の溶剤で希釈したり、あるいは各種の添加物を添加して行うのが一般的である。
使用可能な溶剤としては、ｎ−パラフィン、イソパラフィンなどの炭化水素系溶剤、プロピレングリコール、１，３−ブチレングリコール、１，４−ブチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ヘキシレングリコールなどの炭素数３〜６のグリコール、これらのグリコールエーテル、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤などがあげられる。また、各種の添加剤としては、例えば、安定剤があげられ、ＢＨＴ、ＢＨＡ、２，２´−メチレンビス（４−エチル−６−ｔ−ブチルフェノール）、２，２´−メチレンビス（４−メチル−６−ｔ−ブチルフェノール）、４，４´−メチレンビス（２−メチル−６−ｔ−ブチルフェノール）、３，５−ジーｔ−ブチル−４−ヒドロキシアニソール、メルカブトベンズイミダゾール等が例示される。
In order to retain the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component on the drug carrier, it is generally performed by diluting with various solvents or adding various additives.
Usable solvents include hydrocarbon solvents such as n-paraffin and isoparaffin, carbon number 3 such as propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and hexylene glycol. -6 glycols, these glycol ethers, ketone solvents, ester solvents and the like. Examples of various additives include stabilizers, such as BHT, BHA, 2,2′-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl-). 6-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis (2-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, mercaptobenzimidazole and the like.
上記薬剤保持体は、薬剤カートリッジに収納されて薬剤揮散装置に装填される。
薬剤揮散装置の電源は直流電源及び交流電源のいずれであってもよいが、通常、電池（アルカリ電池、マンガン電池、充電型電池、太陽電池等）が使いやすい。電池の容量は、用法・用量に応じて適宜選択することができ、携帯用には単３ないし単４電池が汎用的である。当該薬剤揮散装置は、回転駆動装置として、駆動モーターと、これに連結するモーター軸を備え、このモーター軸に前記薬剤カートリッジの軸受部を嵌合後、回転させて常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を揮散させる。
なお、オン−オフスイッチや使用の終点を示すパイロットランプ等が適宜装着されてもよいことは勿論である。また、薬剤揮散装置内に例えばランプ等を内蔵させることによって薬剤揮散装置内の温度を若干高め得る機能を付与し、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散性能を向上させることも有用である。
The medicine holder is housed in a medicine cartridge and loaded into a medicine volatilization device.
The power source of the chemical volatilization device may be either a DC power source or an AC power source, but usually a battery (such as an alkaline battery, a manganese battery, a rechargeable battery, or a solar battery) is easy to use. The capacity of the battery can be appropriately selected according to usage and dosage, and AA to AAA batteries are generally used for portable use. The chemical volatilization device includes a drive motor and a motor shaft connected thereto as a rotational drive device, and after the bearing portion of the drug cartridge is fitted to the motor shaft, it is rotated to rotate the room temperature volatility pyrethroid insecticide component. Volatilize.
Of course, an on-off switch, a pilot lamp indicating the end point of use, and the like may be mounted as appropriate. It is also useful to improve the volatilization performance of the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component by providing a function that can slightly increase the temperature in the drug volatilization device by incorporating a lamp or the like in the drug volatilization device.
駆動モーターとしては、一般に使用されるモーターであれば特に限定はなく、ブラシモーター又はブラシレスモーターのような各種のモーターがあげられる。特に、ブラシレスモーターは、モーターの寿命が長く、使用性にも優れているので好適である。
モーターの回転数については、５００〜２０００ｒｐｍ、好ましくは７００〜１６００ｒｐｍ、程度が適当である。５００ｒｐｍ未満であると、効力に対する影響に問題が出る可能性があり、一方、２０００ｒｐｍを超えると、電池使用の場合その消耗が大きくなり長期間使用出来ないと言う問題が生じる可能性がある。
The drive motor is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used motor, and various motors such as a brush motor or a brushless motor can be used. In particular, a brushless motor is preferable because it has a long motor life and excellent usability.
The rotation speed of the motor is 500 to 2000 rpm, preferably 700 to 1600 rpm. If it is less than 500 rpm, there may be a problem in the effect on the efficacy. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2000 rpm, there is a possibility that when the battery is used, its consumption increases and it cannot be used for a long time.
前述の薬剤揮散装置は、薬剤保持体を回転させて常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を揮散させるタイプのものである。その装置の形態等について特に制限はないが、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散を妨げないように適宜開口部が設けられる。 The aforementioned drug volatilization apparatus is of a type that rotates the drug holder to volatilize the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the form of the apparatus, etc., an opening part is suitably provided so that the volatilization of a room temperature volatile pyrethroid type insecticidal component may not be prevented.
なお、薬剤保持体にファンによる風を当てる、他方のタイプの薬剤揮散装置についても、その構成は概ね薬剤保持体回転タイプと同様であるが、別途ファンの設置を必要とすることはもちろんである。 The configuration of the other type of chemical volatilization device that applies the wind from the fan to the drug holding body is substantially the same as that of the rotation type of the drug holding body, but it is of course necessary to install a separate fan. .
本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法によれば、草むらや森林等に入る前に、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を、使用者が腰、肩や手足などの身体の部位で、好ましくは「薬剤保持衣服」の上に装着すればよい。特に、薬剤揮散装置をベルトを介して腰に左右２個装着するのが好ましく、一層実用的な効果を期待できる。
而して、忌避成分による忌避効果と、薬剤揮散装置から放出される常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による防除効果（忌避効果及び駆除効果を含む概念）が相乗的に協働し、およそ６〜１２時間にわたり、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害を効果的に回避できるのである。
According to the method for preventing bite damage of bees and flies according to the present invention, before entering grass, forests, etc., while wearing a “medicine holding garment”, an air flow containing a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component is released. The drug volatilization device thus configured may be worn by the user on the body part such as the waist, shoulders and limbs, preferably on the “medicament holding clothes”. In particular, it is preferable to install two drug volatilization devices on the left and right sides of the waist via a belt, and a more practical effect can be expected.
Thus, the repellent effect by the repellent component and the control effect (concept including the repellent effect and the extermination effect) by the room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component released from the chemical volatilization device cooperate synergistically, and about 6 to 12 Over time, it can effectively avoid the bite damage of bees and abs.
本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法は、フタモンアシナガバチ、セグロアシナガバチ、キアシナガバチ、コガタスズメバチ、モンスズメバチ、ヒメスズメバチ、オオスズメバチ、キイロスズメバチ、チャイロスズメバチ、ミツバチ、クマバチなどのハチ類や、イヨシロアブ、アカウシアブ、シロフアブ、キンイロアブなどのアブ類に対して極めて有用な方法であるが、当然のことながら、ハチ、アブ類よりも防除が比較的容易な他の刺咬性飛翔害虫、例えば、アカイエカ、チカイエカ、ヒトスジシマカなどの蚊類、蚋、ユスリカ類、ハエ類、コバエ類（ショウジョウバエ類、ノミバエ類等）、チョウバエ類、イガ類などに対しても効果的であり、その実用性は非常に高い。 The method for preventing bite damage of bees and moths according to the present invention includes bees such as honey bees, wasps, chives, wasps, honeybees, wasps, It is a very useful method against abu species such as red-bellied abalone, white-faced abalone, golden-white abu, but, of course, bees, other biting flying pests that are relatively easier to control than aphids, It is also effective against mosquitoes such as Chikaeka and Aedes albopictus, moths, chironomids, flies, fruit flies (such as Drosophila and fleas), butterflies, and moths, and its practicality is very high.
次に具体的な実施例及び試験例に基づき、本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法について更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Next, based on specific examples and test examples, the method for preventing biting damage of bees and abs of the present invention will be described in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to these.
イカリジンを４５ｇ（１５ｗ／ｖ％）、３−メチル−４−イソプロピルフェノールを０．３ｇ（０．１ｗ／ｖ％）及び精製水を１２０ｇ（４０ｗ／ｖ％）に、９９％エタノールを加えて全量を３００ｍＬとし、「第一の衣服」用の液剤を調製した。なお、この液剤は衣服着用後に、５ｍＬ／ｍ２の割合でレーヨン／ポリエステル製の上着にスプレーされ「薬剤保持衣服」を構成した。
一方、薬剤保持層と通気層とを有する円盤状のポリエチレンテレフタレート製繊維立体構造体（直径：５ｃｍ、厚さ：５ｍｍ）に、メトフルトリン４０ｍｇのイソパラフィン溶液を含浸させて薬剤保持体を調製し、薬剤保持体回転タイプの薬剤揮散装置を構成した。なお、薬剤揮散装置からのメトフルトリン放出量は０．１８ｍｇ／ｈであった。
Icaridine 45 g (15 w / v%), 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol 0.3 g (0.1 w / v%) and purified water 120 g (40 w / v%), 99% ethanol added to the total amount Was made up to 300 mL to prepare a solution for “first clothes”. This solution was sprayed on a rayon / polyester outer coat at a rate of 5 mL / m 2 after wearing the clothes to constitute “drug holding clothes”.
On the other hand, a drug holding body is prepared by impregnating a disc-shaped polyethylene terephthalate fiber three-dimensional structure (diameter: 5 cm, thickness: 5 mm) having a drug holding layer and a gas permeable layer with an isoparaffin solution of 40 mg of metfurthrin. A holder rotation type chemical volatilization apparatus was constructed. In addition, the amount of metofluthrin released from the chemical volatilization apparatus was 0.18 mg / h.
山麓の土木作業現場に出かける前に、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用し、腰に薬剤揮散装置２個をベルトを介して装着した。
現場で午前８時から午後６時まで作業中、作業現場付近で何匹かのコガタスズメバチとイヨシロアブが飛来し作業員に接近したが刺咬被害を受けることなく飛び去り、本発明の実用性を実感できた。
Before going out to the civil engineering work site in Yamagata, "Drug holding clothes" was worn, and two drug volatilization devices were attached to the waist via a belt.
While working from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm at the site, several Kobata wasp and shirobubu flew near the work site and approached the worker, but flew away without being stabbed by bite, and realized the practicality of the present invention did it.
「薬剤保持衣服」及び薬剤揮散装置の刺咬被害防止効果の検証は、下記の模擬試験系により行った。
２０ｃｍ平方のレーヨン／ポリエステル製布地に、表１に示す処方の液剤をスプレーしてそれぞれ所定量の忌避成分を保持させた「薬剤保持衣服」を調製した。また、その上に常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分が所定量放出される薬剤揮散装置を載置して供試検体とした。供試検体は、薬剤保持衣服調製後２時間、８時間、１２時間の３種を試験に用いた。
次に、１ｍ立方のガラス箱に供試検体を置き、上記の供試検体上に、炭酸麻酔したフタモンアシナガバチ雌成虫を1匹置き、麻酔から覚醒した後の行動を観察した。ハチが供試検体上で、さかんに羽ばたき行動を行う、もしくはその場から飛び立とうとするといった、忌避行動を行った回数を１０分間記録した。結果を表２に示した。
Verification of the effect of preventing the biting damage of the “drug holding clothes” and the drug volatilization apparatus was performed by the following simulation test system.
A “medicine holding garment” was prepared by spraying the liquid formulation of the formulation shown in Table 1 on a 20 cm square rayon / polyester fabric to hold a predetermined amount of repellent components. Further, a chemical volatilization device from which a predetermined amount of a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticidal component is released was placed to be a test sample. Three types of test specimens were used for the test: 2 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours after preparation of the drug retaining garments.
Next, a test sample was placed in a 1 m cubic glass box, and one female phthalmon wasp anaesthetized with carbon dioxide was placed on the test sample, and the behavior after awakening from anesthesia was observed. The number of times the bee performed a repelling action on the test specimen, such as flapping or jumping off the spot, was recorded for 10 minutes. The results are shown in Table 2.
試験の結果、ハチ類やアブ類に対する忌避成分の少なくとも１種以上を保持させた「薬剤保持衣服」を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の少なくとも１種以上を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を装着することによって、ハチ類やアブ類を忌避させて刺咬被害を防止できることが確認された。なお、忌避成分としては、イカリジンやＩＲ３５３５が好ましく、また、供試した常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分のなかでは、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、メペルフルトリンやヘプタフルトリンが好適で、更に、薬剤保持体を回転させる方式の方が、ファンによる風を当てるタイプよりもより効果的であることも明らかとなった。
比較例１及び比較例２が示すように、忌避成分又は薬剤揮散装置単独では、刺咬被害防止効果が乏しく、両者の相乗的協働作用が不可欠であった。また、比較例３の如く、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を用いた場合でも、薬剤揮散装置で継続して放出させるのではなく、衣服に保持させた場合には刺咬被害防止効果の持続性が幾分短くなる傾向が観察され、本発明が極めて有用なハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法を提供することは明らかである。
As a result of the test, while wearing "drug-holding clothes" holding at least one repellent component against bees and flies, an air flow containing at least one kind of room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide is released. It was confirmed that by installing the chemical volatilization device as described above, it was possible to avoid bees and flies and prevent biting damage. As the repellent component, icaridin and IR3535 are preferable, and among the tested room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticides, transfluthrin, metfurthrin, meperfluthrin, and heptafluthrin are preferable. It has also become clear that the rotating method is more effective than the fan type.
As Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 show, the repellent component or the chemical volatilization device alone has a poor effect of preventing biting damage, and a synergistic cooperative action of both is indispensable. In addition, as in Comparative Example 3, even when a room temperature volatile pyrethroid insecticide component is used, it is not continuously released by the chemical volatilization device, but when it is held in clothes, the sustaining effect of preventing bite damage It is obvious that the present invention provides a very useful method for preventing biting damage to bees and abs.
本発明は、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止用途だけでなく、他の分野にも利用できる可能性がある。 The present invention may be used not only for the purpose of preventing bite damage of bees and abs, but also for other fields.
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| WO2016098712A1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-23 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | Chemical volatilization device and chemical volatilization method |
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| US20060067965A1 (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2006-03-30 | Noble Fiber Technologies, Llc | Fiber for eliminating human-based odors and repelling insects |
| JP2010132581A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-17 | Dainippon Jochugiku Co Ltd | Flying pest-controlling agent and method for controlling flying pest using the same |
| US20120100198A1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Shulong Li | Insect repellent textile materials |
| JP2016102092A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-02 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | Pest repelling efficacy enhancer, and pest repelling method by using pest repellent composition incorporating the same |
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