JP6882009B2 - How to prevent bee and bug bites - Google Patents
How to prevent bee and bug bites Download PDFInfo
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- JP6882009B2 JP6882009B2 JP2017033558A JP2017033558A JP6882009B2 JP 6882009 B2 JP6882009 B2 JP 6882009B2 JP 2017033558 A JP2017033558 A JP 2017033558A JP 2017033558 A JP2017033558 A JP 2017033558A JP 6882009 B2 JP6882009 B2 JP 6882009B2
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- drug
- bees
- bugs
- room temperature
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Description
本発明は、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法、より具体的には、ハチ類やアブ類の攻撃を回避し、刺咬等の被害を未然に防ぐための方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs, and more specifically, a method for avoiding the attack of bees and bugs and preventing damage such as bites.
近年、宅地化が進んだ都市周辺の丘陵地帯や、山沿いの土木工事ならびに林業関連等の作業現場等において、ハチ類やアブ類に関する被害や苦情が増えている。特にハチ類については、日本で約３０００種類が知られているが、そのうち、約２０種類は刺咬性が強く、これらによる人的被害は人命に関わることも少なくない。
従来の対策方法は、（１）個人防除（ハチ類駆除エアゾール等を用いたハチ類の直接駆除）と、（２）環境防除（薬剤散布によるハチの巣駆除や営巣防止）が主体であり、これまで薬剤処方の改良については様々な提案がなされてきた。
In recent years, damage and complaints related to bees and bugs have been increasing in the hills around cities where residential land has been converted, and in civil engineering works along mountains and work sites related to forestry. In particular, about 3000 types of bees are known in Japan, of which about 20 types have strong biting properties, and human damage caused by these is often life-threatening.
Conventional countermeasures are mainly (1) individual control (direct control of bees using bee extermination aerosol etc.) and (2) environmental control (extermination of beehives by spraying chemicals and prevention of nesting). So far, various proposals have been made for improving drug prescriptions.
（１）個人防除において、スズメバチのような攻撃性の強いハチと対峙せざるを得ない場面では、速効性を有する薬剤が求められる。そこで、例えば、特許文献１（特開平１−２９９２０２号公報）は、２−メチル−４−オキソ−３−（２−プロピニル）シクロペンタ−２−エニル クリサンマートを有効成分とするハチ駆除剤を、また、特許文献２（特開２００９−１７３６０８号公報）は、一層速効性に優れたハチ防除用組成物として、メトフルトリンとテトラメトリンを有効成分とした組成物を開示した。しかしながら、薬剤を噴霧することによって、ハチ類が攻撃性を増し危険性が増大することも有り得る。
一方、（２）環境防除の面からも検討が進められ、例えば、特許文献３（特開２０１４−６２０８６号公報）には、難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分と沸点が１８０℃以上の高級脂肪酸エステル化合物を含有すると共にその配合比率を特定することによって有用なハチの営巣防除用エアゾール剤が得られる旨記載されている。このような営巣防止対策は、予防的措置として一定の効果を奏するものの、突然ハチ類に攻撃された場合に、（２）環境防除だけで対処できるものではない。
(1) In personal control, when there is no choice but to confront a bee with strong aggression such as a wasp, a drug having a quick effect is required. Therefore, for example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-2992202) describes a bee exterminating agent containing 2-methyl-4-oxo-3- (2-propynyl) cyclopenta-2-enyl chrysanthemum as an active ingredient. Further, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-173608) discloses a composition containing metoflutrin and tetramethrin as active ingredients as a composition for controlling bees having a further excellent quick-acting effect. However, spraying the drug may increase the aggression and risk of the bees.
On the other hand, (2) studies have been advanced from the aspect of environmental control. For example, in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-62086), a refractory pyrethroid insecticidal component and a higher fatty acid ester having a boiling point of 180 ° C. or higher are described. It is stated that a useful bee nesting control aerosol can be obtained by containing the compound and specifying the blending ratio thereof. Although such nesting prevention measures have a certain effect as preventive measures, they cannot be dealt with only by (2) environmental control when suddenly attacked by bees.
本発明者らは、かかる現状を鑑み、ハチ類やアブ類の刺咬被害を防止するにあたっては、（１）個人防除と、（２）環境防除の両面からのアプローチが必要で、かつ、（１）個人防除においても、従来のような「ハチ類駆除エアゾール等を用いたハチ類の直接駆除」のみでは不十分であることを認識し、鋭意検討を重ねた。その結果、緊急事態に備えてハチ類駆除エアゾール等を携行することの有用性は認めつつ、これとの併用手段として、特定の薬剤を保持させた衣類を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、ハチ類やアブ類が接近するとしても刺咬被害を回避できることを知見し、本発明を完成するに至ったものである。 In view of this situation, the present inventors need to approach both (1) individual control and (2) environmental control in order to prevent the bite damage of bees and aerosols, and ( 1) Even in individual control, we recognized that the conventional "direct extermination of bees using a bee extermination aerosol, etc." is not sufficient, and repeated diligent studies. As a result, while recognizing the usefulness of carrying a bee extermination aerosol, etc. in case of an emergency, as a means of using it in combination with this, while wearing clothing holding a specific drug, and killing pyrethroids that volatilize at room temperature. Completed the present invention by finding that the user can avoid bite damage even if bees and bugs approach by wearing a drug volatilizer that emits an air flow containing components. It came to be done.
ところで、特許文献４（特許第４０８３７８１号）に係る「携帯用害虫防除装置」は、「害虫防除成分を保持し気流が当てられると前記害虫防除成分が揮散される薬剤保持体を含む携帯用害虫防除装置を身につけて、胴体表面の上方向及び下方向に沿って前記害虫防除成分を含んだ気流を放出することにより、有効な害虫防除効果が得られる」旨開示している。しかしながら、この技術はあくまで防除が容易な蚊類を対象としたもので、本発明の参考とはなり得ない。 By the way, the "portable pest control device" according to Patent Document 4 (Patent No. 4083781) is a "portable pest control device including a drug holder that holds a pest control component and volatilizes the pest control component when an air flow is applied. An effective pest control effect can be obtained by wearing a control device and releasing an air stream containing the pest control component along the upper and lower directions of the body surface. " However, this technique is intended only for mosquitoes that are easy to control, and cannot be used as a reference for the present invention.
本発明は、ハチ、アブ類に対する個人防除において、特定の薬剤を保持させた衣類を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、効果的なハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention is to use a chemical volatilizer that allows the user to wear clothing holding a specific chemical and to release an air flow containing a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component for personal control of bees and bugs. It is intended to provide an effective method for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs by wearing it on the body.
本発明は、以下の構成が上記目的を達成するために優れた効果を奏することを見出したものである。
（１）ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避成分として２−（２−ヒドロキシエチル）−１−ピペリジンカルボン酸１−メチルプロピル、及び３−（Ｎ−ｎ−ブチルアセトアミド）プロピオン酸エチル、ディート及びレモングラス油の少なくとも１種以上を７５０〜１９５０ｍｇ／ｍ２の割合で保持させた衣服を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分であるトランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、ヘプタフルトリン、メペルフルトリン及びテラレスリンの少なくとも１種以上を含有する薬剤保持体を回転させることにより、前記常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着する、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（２）前記衣服を着用すると共に、前記薬剤保持体を回転させることによる遠心力の作用で前記常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が前記薬剤保持体からその回転面の全周囲方向に放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着する、（１）に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（３）前記衣服を着用し、その上に、前記薬剤揮散装置を使用者がベルトを介して腰に装着する、（１）又は（２）に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
（４）前記薬剤保持体は、前記常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を保持可能な間隙が形成された薬剤保持層と、前記間隙より大きいサイズの空隙が形成された通気層とを有する円盤状の繊維立体構造体である（１）ないし（３）のいずれか一に記載のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法。
The present invention has found that the following configuration exerts an excellent effect in achieving the above object.
(1) 2- (2-Hydroxyethyl) -1-piperidincarboxylic acid 1-methylpropyl, and 3- (Nn-butylacetamide) ethyl propionate, DEET and lemongrass oil as repellent components against bees and abs. at least one or more kinds as well as wear garments that was held at a rate of 750~1950mg / m 2, transfluthrin a cold volatile pyrethroid insecticide component, metofluthrin, hepta full Trinh, at least one Meperufurutorin and terallethrin of Stabs of bees and bugs, which the user wears a drug volatilizer in which an air stream containing the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component is released by rotating the drug holder containing the above. How to prevent bite damage.
(2) While wearing the clothes, the airflow containing the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component is released from the drug holder toward the entire circumference of the rotating surface by the action of centrifugal force due to the rotation of the drug holder. The method for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs according to (1), wherein the user wears the chemical volatilization device that has been made to be used.
(3) The method for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs according to (1) or (2), wherein the user wears the clothes and the drug volatilizer is attached to the waist via a belt. ..
(4) The drug-holding body has a disk-like shape having a drug-holding layer in which a gap capable of holding the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component is formed and a ventilation layer in which a gap having a size larger than the gap is formed. The method for preventing bite damage of bees and bugs according to any one of (1) to (3), which is a three-dimensional fiber structure.
本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法は、特定の薬剤を保持させた衣類を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、ハチ類やアブ類の刺咬被害を効果的に防止できるので極めて実用的である。 The method for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs of the present invention is to wear a clothing that holds a specific drug and to use a drug volatilizer that emits an air flow containing a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component. It is extremely practical because it can effectively prevent the bite damage of bees and bugs when worn by the user.
本発明では、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避成分の少なくとも１種以上が衣服に保持されて「薬剤保持衣服」を構成する。ここで「薬剤保持衣服」とは、上半身を被う上着、安全チョッキ、安全ベスト、もしくはこれに類したものや、下半身を被うズボン等を含み、その材質は、綿、麻等の天然繊維や、レーヨン、ポリエステル、ナイロン等の半合成繊維ならびに合成繊維等、様々である。
また、忌避成分を保持させた「薬剤保持衣服」を着用するとは、衣服に忌避成分を保持させた後着用してもよいし、衣服を着用した後、これに忌避成分を保持させる手段を講じる場合も包含する。
In the present invention, at least one or more repellent components against bees and bugs are retained in clothing to form "drug-holding clothing". Here, "drug-holding clothing" includes a jacket that covers the upper body, a safety waistcoat, a safety vest, or similar items, and trousers that cover the lower body, and the material thereof is natural such as cotton and linen. There are various types such as fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon, polyester and nylon, and synthetic fibers.
In addition, wearing "drug-holding clothing" that retains the repellent component may be worn after the clothing retains the repellent component, or after wearing the clothing, measures are taken to allow the clothing to retain the repellent component. Including cases.
本発明で用いる、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避成分としては、２−（２−ヒドロキシエチル）−１−ピペリジンカルボン酸１−メチルプロピル［以降、イカリジンと称す］、３−（Ｎ−ｎ−ブチルアセトアミド）プロピオン酸エチル［以降、ＩＲ３５３５と称す］、ディート、ｐ−メンタン−３，８−ジオール、フタール酸ジメチル、２−エチル−１，３−ヘキサンジオール、ベンジルアセテート、シトロネラール、シトロネロール、シトラール、リナロール、テルピネオール、メントール、α―ピネン、カンファー、ゲラニオール、カランー３，４−ジオール等の合成あるいは天然の各種化合物、更には、桂皮、シトロネラ油、レモングラス油、クローバ油、ベルガモット油、ユーカリ油等の精油、抽出液等があげられ、これらは単独で用いてもよいし、２種以上を混合使用することもできる。このような忌避成分が蚊類に対して高い忌避効果を示すことはよく知られているが、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避効果はそれほど高くないと言われている。
しかるに、本発明者らが検討を重ねた結果、後記するように、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流と併存させた時に、ハチ、アブ類に対する忌避効果が相乗的に向上することを知見するに至った。
なかでも、イカリジン及びＩＲ３５３５については、その忌避効果の向上度合いが顕著であり、しかも、上記の各種繊維に対して殆ど影響を及ぼさないので、本発明の目的に特に適していることが判明したものである。
Examples of the repellent component for bees and abs used in the present invention include 1-methylpropyl 2- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperidincarboxylic acid [hereinafter referred to as icaridin] and 3- (Nn-butylacetamide). ) Ethyl propionate [hereinafter referred to as IR3535], Diet, p-menthan-3,8-diol, dimethyl phthalate, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, benzyl acetate, citronellal, citronellol, citral, linalool, Synthetic or natural compounds such as terpineol, menthol, α-pinene, camphor, geraniol, curan-3,4-diol, and essential oils such as katsura, citronellal oil, lemongrass oil, clover oil, bergamot oil, eucalyptus oil, etc. , Extracts and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It is well known that such repellent components show a high repellent effect on mosquitoes, but it is said that the repellent effect on bees and bugs is not so high.
However, as a result of repeated studies by the present inventors, it was found that the repellent effect on bees and bugs is synergistically improved when coexisting with an air flow containing a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component, as described later. I came to do it.
Among them, icaridin and IR3535 have been found to be particularly suitable for the object of the present invention because the degree of improvement in their repellent effect is remarkable and they have almost no effect on the above-mentioned various fibers. Is.
「薬剤保持衣服」における前記忌避成分の保持量は、使用場面や対象とするハチ、アブ類の種類等によって設定すればよいが、１０ｍｇ〜２０００ｍｇ／ｍ２程度が適当である。また、その保持方法についても公知の方法を適宜選択すればよく、例えば、液剤又はエアゾール剤を噴霧又は塗布することによって調製可能である。 The amount of the repellent component retained in the "drug-holding garment" may be set depending on the situation of use, the type of bees and abs to be targeted, and the like, but about 10 mg to 2000 mg / m 2 is appropriate. Further, as the holding method thereof, a known method may be appropriately selected, and for example, it can be prepared by spraying or applying a liquid agent or an aerosol agent.
本発明では、前記忌避成分の揮散性に支障を来たさない限りにおいて、前記忌避成分と共に、２５℃における蒸気圧が１×１０−５ｍｍＨｇ未満である難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分、例えば、シフルトリン、フェノトリン、シフェノトリン、ペルメトリン、シペルメトリン、レスメトリン、フタルスリン、イミプロトリン、モンフルオロトリン、トラロメトリン、ビフェントリン、エトフェンプロックス、及びシラフルオフェンを配合してもよい。こうすることによって、ハチ類やアブ類が前記忌避成分の忌避効果にも拘わらず接近した場合においても、難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分に接触して確実な刺咬回避行動を惹起させることが可能となる。
なお、難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の酸成分やアルコール部分において、不斉炭素に基づく光学異性体や幾何異性体が存在する場合、これらの各々や任意の混合物も本発明に包含されることは勿論である。
In the present invention, a refractory pyrethroid insecticidal component having a vapor pressure of less than 1 × 10-5 mmHg at 25 ° C., for example, together with the repellent component, as long as the volatility of the repellent component is not hindered. Cypermethrin, phenothrin, cypermethrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, resmethrin, phthalthrin, imiprothrin, monfluorothrin, tralomethrin, bifentrin, etofenprox, and silafluofen may be blended. By doing so, even when bees and abs approach each other despite the repellent effect of the repellent component, it is possible to come into contact with the refractory pyrethroid insecticidal component and induce a reliable bite avoidance behavior. It becomes.
If optical isomers or geometric isomers based on asymmetric carbon are present in the acid component or alcohol portion of the refractory pyrethroid insecticidal component, each of these or any mixture thereof may be included in the present invention. Of course.
本発明は、前述の「薬剤保持衣服」を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着することによって、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害を効果的に防止することを特徴とする。
ここで、薬剤揮散装置を使用者が身に装着するとは、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用後、薬剤揮散装置を装着してもよいし、薬剤揮散装置を装着した後、衣服に忌避成分を保持させる手段を講じる場合も包含するが、通常、前者が好ましい。
In the present invention, the bee, the bee, by wearing the above-mentioned "drug holding clothes" and wearing a drug volatilization device in which an air flow containing a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component is released. It is characterized by effectively preventing the bite damage of bugs.
Here, when the user wears the drug volatilization device, he / she may wear the drug volatilization device after wearing the "drug holding clothes", or may hold the repellent component in the clothes after wearing the drug volatilization device. The former is usually preferable, although it includes the case where the means for causing the reaction is taken.
本発明で用いる常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分としては、例えば、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、プロフルトリン、ジメフルトリン、メペルフルトリン、ヘプタフルトリン、テフルトリン、エムペントリン、及びテラレスリン等があげられ、一般的に、２５℃における蒸気圧が１×１０−５ｍｍＨｇ以上のものが該当する。
なお、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の酸成分やアルコール部分において、不斉炭素に基づく光学異性体や幾何異性体が存在する場合、これらの各々や任意の混合物も本発明に包含されることは勿論である。
Examples of the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component used in the present invention include transfluthrin, metoflutrin, profluthrin, dimefluthrin, meperfluthrin, heptafluthrin, tefluthrin, empentrin, terraresulin and the like, and generally at 25 ° C. Those with a vapor pressure of 1 × 10-5 mmHg or more are applicable.
If optical isomers or geometric isomers based on asymmetric carbon are present in the acid component or alcohol portion of the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component, each of these or any mixture thereof may be included in the present invention. Of course.
常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の薬剤揮散装置からの放出量についても、「薬剤保持衣服」の場合と同様に、使用場面や対象とするハチ、アブ類の種類等によって設定すればよく、０．０５ｍｇ〜２．０ｍｇ／ｈ程度が適当である。 The amount of the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component released from the drug volatilizing device may be set according to the usage situation, the target bees, the types of bugs, etc., as in the case of "drug holding clothes". About 05 mg to 2.0 mg / h is appropriate.
本発明は、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用することによる忌避効果と、薬剤揮散装置から放出される常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による防除効果（忌避効果及び駆除効果を含む概念）を相乗的に協働させ、ハチ、アブ類が接近するとしても刺咬被害を回避できることを見出したものである。
即ち、前述の忌避成分による忌避作用と常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による忌避作用はメカニズム的に異なるのであり、まず、両者の忌避効果が相まって相乗協働的に刺咬被害を防止し、それでもハチ、アブ類が接近した場合には、身体周りの常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分が更なる刺咬回避行動を惹起させるものと推察される。
The present invention synergistically cooperates with the repellent effect of wearing "drug-holding clothing" and the control effect (concept including repellent effect and extermination effect) by the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component released from the drug volatilizer. It was found that even if bees and bugs approach each other, it is possible to avoid bite damage.
That is, the repellent action of the above-mentioned repellent component and the repellent action of the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component are mechanically different. When abs approach, it is presumed that the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component around the body induces further bite avoidance behavior.
ところで、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用し、この上にピレスロイド系殺虫成分を保持させた「第二の衣服」を着用した場合において、本発明者らがそのピレスロイド系殺虫成分の種類について検討を行った結果、トランスフルトリンやメトフルトリンのような常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分よりはむしろ、シフルトリン、フェノトリンやフタルスリンのような難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の方が、刺咬被害防止の点でより効果的に作用することを認めた。このことは、衣服に保持させる形態では、忌避成分による忌避効果と難揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による持続的な駆除効果を協働させる方がより有効であることを示している。
しかるに、本発明者らは、更に検討を進め、今般、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を衣服に保持させるのではなく、薬剤揮散装置から連続して放出させることによっても、同じように刺咬被害を効果的に防止できることを見出したのである。
By the way, when a "drug-holding garment" is worn and a "second garment" on which a pyrethroid-based insecticidal component is retained is worn, the present inventors have examined the types of the pyrethroid-based insecticidal component. As a result, refractory pyrethroid insecticidal components such as transfluthrin, phenothrin and phthalthrin are more effective in preventing bite damage than room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal components such as transfluthrin and metoflutrin. It was admitted that it acts as a target. This indicates that it is more effective to combine the repellent effect of the repellent component and the continuous extermination effect of the refractory pyrethroid insecticidal component in the form of holding on clothes.
However, the present inventors have further studied, and now, instead of holding the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component on clothes, by continuously releasing it from the drug volatilizing device, the same bite damage is also caused. It was found that this can be effectively prevented.
本発明では、本発明の効果に支障を来たさない限りにおいて、「薬剤保持衣服」に忌避成分の外に、他の機能性成分、例えば、ピレスロイド系殺虫成分以外の他のタイプの殺虫成分や、除菌・抗菌成分、消臭成分、衣服の柔軟成分等を保持させてもよい。
ピレスロイド系殺虫成分以外の他のタイプの殺虫成分としては、ジクロルボス、フェニトロチオン等の有機リン系化合物、プロポクスル等のカーバメート系化合物、ジノテフラン、イミダクロプリド、クロチアニジン等のネオニコチノイド系化合物があげられる。
また、除菌・抗菌成分としては、３−メチル−４−イソプロピルフェノール、オルト−フェニルフェノール、２−ｎ−オクチル−４−イソチアゾリン−３−オン、５−クロロ−２−メチル−４−イソチアゾリン−３−オン、２−メルカプトベンゾチアゾール等を例示できる。更に、消臭成分としては、イネ科、ツバキ科、イチョウ科、モクセイ科、クワ科、ミカン科、キントラノオ科、カキノキ科の中から選ばれる植物抽出物、例えば、サトウキビエキス、緑茶抽出エキス、チャ乾留物、柿抽出エキス、グレープフルーツ抽出エキス、レンギョウ抽出エキス等が代表的である。また、「緑の香り」と呼ばれる青葉アルコールや青葉アルデヒド等を添加してリラックス効果を付与することもできる。
In the present invention, in addition to the repellent component, other functional components, for example, other types of insecticidal components other than pyrethroid insecticidal components, as long as the effects of the present invention are not hindered. Or, the disinfectant / antibacterial component, the deodorant component, the softening component of clothes, etc. may be retained.
Examples of other types of insecticidal components other than pyrethroid insecticidal components include organophosphorus compounds such as dichlorovos and fenitrothion, carbamate compounds such as propoxul, and neonicotinoid compounds such as dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and clothianidin.
The sterilizing and antibacterial components include 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, ortho-phenylphenol, 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-. Examples thereof include 3-one and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Furthermore, as deodorant components, plant extracts selected from Gramineae, Tsubaki, Ginkgo, Oleaceae, Kuwa, Mikan, Kintranoo, and Ebenaceae, such as sugar cane extract, green tea extract, and cha Typical examples are dried distillate, persimmon extract, grapefruit extract, and astragalus extract. It is also possible to add a green leaf alcohol, a green leaf aldehyde, or the like called "green scent" to impart a relaxing effect.
「薬剤保持衣服」を調製するにあたっては、前述のとおり、公知の方法を適宜採用すればよいが、所定の成分を含有する液剤又はエアゾール剤を衣服にスプレー又は噴霧する方法が代表的なので、以下これについて述べる。 As described above, a known method may be appropriately adopted in preparing the "drug-holding garment", but a method of spraying or spraying a liquid agent or an aerosol agent containing a predetermined component on the garment is typical. This will be described.
衣服処理用に用いる液剤は、所定の忌避成分に、必要ならば他の機能性成分を加え、これに溶剤や適宜補助剤を配合して製する。忌避成分の液剤全体量に対する配合量は１〜５０質量％程度が適当であり、溶剤は、通常、速乾性や火気への安全性等を考慮のうえ決定される。
かかる溶剤としては、炭素数が２〜３のアルコール類、例えば、エチルアルコールやイソプロピルアルコール（ＩＰＡ）が好ましいが、必要ならば、他の種類の溶剤、例えば、水、灯油等の炭化水素系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤、エーテル系溶剤等を適宜配合してもよい。
液剤が露出した人の肌にかかるような場面では、水の配合は人体への安全性やさらさら感を付与できるので好適である。水の種類については特に限定されないが、硬度７００以下の天然ミネラル水が好ましい。海洋深層水、海洋表層水、地下深層水、山麓の涌き水等のミネラル水は、カルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、カリウムイオン等の金属イオンを含み、人体に不足しがちなミネラル成分を補給しやすいことから各方面で注目されており、例えば、逆浸透膜法等により濾過、脱塩処理を行い硬度を１００〜１０００程度に調整したものが飲料として販売されている。
The liquid agent used for garment treatment is prepared by adding other functional ingredients, if necessary, to a predetermined repellent ingredient, and adding a solvent and an appropriate auxiliary agent to the liquid agent. The appropriate amount of the repellent component to be blended with respect to the total amount of the liquid agent is about 1 to 50% by mass, and the solvent is usually determined in consideration of quick-drying property, safety against fire, and the like.
As such a solvent, alcohols having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, for example, ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) are preferable, but if necessary, other types of solvents such as water, kerosene and other hydrocarbon solvents are used. , An ester solvent, a ketone solvent, an ether solvent and the like may be appropriately blended.
In a situation where the liquid agent is applied to the exposed human skin, the addition of water is suitable because it can impart safety and a silky feeling to the human body. The type of water is not particularly limited, but natural mineral water having a hardness of 700 or less is preferable. Mineral water such as deep sea water, deep sea water, deep sea water, and water at the foot of the mountain contains metal ions such as calcium ions, magnesium ions, and potassium ions, and it is easy to replenish mineral components that the human body tends to lack. It is attracting attention in various fields. For example, a beverage whose hardness is adjusted to about 100 to 1000 by filtering and desalting by a reverse osmosis membrane method or the like is sold as a beverage.
また、液剤調製に際し、補助剤として、更に界面活性剤や可溶化剤、滑沢剤、安定化剤、ｐＨ調整剤、紫外線吸収剤や紫外線散乱剤、着色剤、香料等を適宜配合することもできる。
界面活性剤や可溶化剤としては、例えば、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン高級アルキルエーテル類（ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル等）、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル類、ポリオキシエチレン高級脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル類、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル等の非イオン系界面活性剤や、ラウリルアミンオキサイド、ステアリルアミンオキサイド、ラウリル酸アミドプロピルジメチルアミンオキサイド等の高級アルキルアミンオキサイド系界面活性剤を例示することができる。
更に、肌にさらさら感を付与するための滑沢剤として、無水ケイ酸、タルク等の無機粉末、変性デンプン、シルク繊維粉末等の有機粉末があげられ、紫外線吸収剤や紫外線散乱剤としては、パラアミノ安息香酸、アミルサリシネート、オクチルシンナメート、メトキシ桂皮酸オクチル、２,４−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン等があげられる。
In addition, when preparing a solution, a surfactant, a solubilizer, a lubricant, a stabilizer, a pH adjuster, an ultraviolet absorber, an ultraviolet scattering agent, a coloring agent, a fragrance, etc. may be appropriately added as an auxiliary agent. it can.
Examples of surfactants and solubilizers include sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, and polyoxyethylene higher alkyl ethers (polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, etc.). , Polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers and other nonionic surfactants , Laurylamine oxide, stearylamine oxide, lauric acid amidopropyldimethylamine oxide and other higher alkylamine oxide-based surfactants can be exemplified.
Further, as a smoothing agent for imparting a silky feeling to the skin, inorganic powders such as silicic acid anhydride and talc, and organic powders such as modified starch and silk fiber powder can be mentioned, and examples of the ultraviolet absorber and the ultraviolet scattering agent include. Examples thereof include paraaminobenzoic acid, amylsalicinate, octylcinnamate, octyl methoxycinnamic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone and the like.
衣服処理用に用いる剤型として、液剤に噴射剤を加えてエアゾール形態とすれば、スプレー粒子を微粒化でき、利便性が高いものとなる。その場合の噴射剤としては、液化石油ガス（ＬＰＧ）、ジメチルエーテル（ＤＭＥ）、圧縮ガス（窒素ガス、炭酸ガス、亜酸化窒素、圧縮空気等）があげられる。
前記液剤又はエアゾール剤が充填される容器のノズル、バルブ、噴口等の形状は、その用途、対象害虫等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。例えば、広角ノズル付きのトリガースプレータイプは、一度の操作で広い範囲を処理することが可能となり便利である。また、容器の材質としてＰＥＴを使用することによって、液量を視認できると共にデザイン性にも優れるというメリットを有する。
As a dosage form used for garment treatment, if a propellant is added to a liquid agent to form an aerosol, the spray particles can be atomized, which is highly convenient. Examples of the propellant in that case include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether (DME), and compressed gas (nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, nitrous oxide, compressed air, etc.).
The shape of the nozzle, valve, nozzle, etc. of the container filled with the liquid agent or aerosol agent may be appropriately determined according to the intended use, the target pest, and the like. For example, the trigger spray type with a wide-angle nozzle is convenient because it can process a wide range with one operation. Further, by using PET as the material of the container, there is an advantage that the amount of liquid can be visually recognized and the design is excellent.
こうして得られた液剤又はエアゾール剤の所定量を衣服にスプレー又は噴霧し、本発明で用いる「薬剤保持衣服」を調製する。 A predetermined amount of the liquid agent or aerosol agent thus obtained is sprayed or sprayed on the garment to prepare the "drug-holding garment" used in the present invention.
次に、本発明で「薬剤保持衣服」と共に併用される薬剤揮散装置は、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流の放出機構に基づいて、薬剤保持体を回転させるタイプか、もしくは前記薬剤保持体にファンによる風を当てるタイプに大別される。
前者の回転タイプは、薬剤保持体回転面の全周囲方向にピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流を放出でき、拡散力に優れるため後者より好ましい形態であり、以下、前者の回転タイプを中心に説明する。
Next, the drug volatilizer used in combination with the "drug holding garment" in the present invention is a type that rotates the drug holder based on the release mechanism of the air flow containing the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component, or the drug holding. It is roughly divided into types that blow the wind from the fan to the body.
The former rotation type is a more preferable form than the latter because it can emit an air flow containing a pyrethroid insecticidal component in the entire peripheral direction of the surface of revolution of the drug holder and has excellent diffusive power. Hereinafter, the former rotation type will be mainly described. ..
薬剤揮散装置に収納される薬剤保持体は、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を保持可能な間隙が形成された薬剤保持層と、前記間隙より大きいサイズの空隙が形成された通気層とを積層した繊維立体構造体が適している。そして、その通気層に隣接する位置に通気層の形態を維持する形態維持層を、薬剤保持層／通気層／形態維持層の順で設けるのが好ましい。その形状としては、特に限定されるものではなく、円盤状、ドーナツ状、歯車状、扇風機状、中空円筒状など、目的に応じて適宜決定すればよいが、円盤状に形成したものが代表的である。
円盤状の繊維立体構造体の場合、直径が４〜８ｃｍ程度で、その厚みは１〜７ｍｍ程度のものが使いやすい。この場合、前述の薬剤保持層と通気層とを構成単位として一枚の状態にて厚みを形成する実施形態だけでなく、複数枚重畳したことによる実施形態も採用することができる。例えば、２枚重畳の形態において、［薬剤保持層／通気層‖薬剤保持層／通気層］でも良いし、［通気層／薬剤保持層‖薬剤保持層／通気層］の構成でも構わない。
The drug holder housed in the drug volatilizer is a laminate of a drug holding layer having a gap capable of holding a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component and a ventilation layer having a gap having a size larger than the gap. A fibrous three-dimensional structure is suitable. Then, it is preferable to provide a morphological maintenance layer that maintains the morphology of the aeration layer at a position adjacent to the aeration layer in the order of the drug holding layer / the aeration layer / the morphological maintenance layer. The shape is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined according to the purpose such as a disk shape, a donut shape, a gear shape, a fan shape, a hollow cylinder shape, etc., but a disc shape is typical. Is.
In the case of a disk-shaped three-dimensional fiber structure, it is easy to use a structure having a diameter of about 4 to 8 cm and a thickness of about 1 to 7 mm. In this case, not only the embodiment in which the above-mentioned drug holding layer and the ventilation layer are used as a constituent unit to form the thickness in a single sheet state, but also the embodiment in which a plurality of sheets are superimposed can be adopted. For example, in the form of overlapping two sheets, the configuration may be [drug retention layer / ventilation layer ‖ drug retention layer / ventilation layer] or [ventilation layer / drug retention layer ‖ drug retention layer / ventilation layer].
繊維立体構造体を形成する繊維の原料としては、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散が安定し持続性が良好なものがより好ましく、例えば、天然繊維の木綿、麻、羊毛、絹等またレーヨン等の半合成繊維、合成繊維のポリエステルであるポリエチレンテレフタレート（以下ＰＥＴと略す）やポリブチレンテレフタレート、ナイロン、アクリル、ビニロン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、アラミド、ポリフェニレンサルファイド等、無機繊維のガラス繊維やカーボン繊維、セラミック繊維等を挙げることが出来る。
なかでも、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリブチレンテレフタレートなどのポリエステル材料、及びポリアミド樹脂などのナイロン系の材料が使いやすく、一種類の材料でも、また薬剤保持層や通気層の構成部分毎に異なった材料を使用してもよい。なお、これらの材料からなる薬剤保持体では、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分が毛管現象を介して繊維立体構造体の内部を移動後表面から揮散し、その常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散は安定して継続するものとされている。
As the raw material of the fiber forming the fiber three-dimensional structure, it is more preferable that the volatilization of the pyrethroid-based insecticidal component that volatilizes at room temperature is stable and the durability is good. Semi-synthetic fibers such as, polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter abbreviated as PET) which is a synthetic fiber polyester, polybutylene terephthalate, nylon, acrylic, vinylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid, polyphenylene sulfide, etc. Ceramic fibers and the like can be mentioned.
Among them, polyester materials such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, and nylon-based materials such as polyamide resin are easy to use, and even one type of material uses different materials for each component of the drug retention layer and ventilation layer. You may. In the drug carrier made of these materials, the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component volatilizes from the surface after moving inside the fiber three-dimensional structure through the capillary phenomenon, and the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component volatilizes. It is supposed to continue stably.
前述の薬剤保持体は、通常、薬剤カートリッジに収納されて使用に供される。このような薬剤カートリッジの一形態としては、薬剤保持体が円盤状の場合、薬剤保持体の上下両側面を囲むようにそれぞれ上側部分及び下側部分と、薬剤保持体の外側周囲を囲むように複数個の保持枠を有し、かつ中心位置に軸受部を備え薬剤揮散装置のモーター軸と嵌合し得る形態があげられる。 The drug holder described above is usually stored in a drug cartridge and used. As one form of such a drug cartridge, when the drug holder is disk-shaped, the upper and lower portions and the outer periphery of the drug holder are surrounded so as to surround the upper and lower side surfaces of the drug holder, respectively. Examples thereof include a form having a plurality of holding frames and having a bearing portion at a central position so as to be able to be fitted with a motor shaft of a chemical volatilizer.
薬剤保持体には、「薬剤保持衣服」の場合と同様、本発明の効果に支障を来たさない限りにおいて、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の外に、他の機能性成分、例えば、ピレスロイド系殺虫成分以外の他のタイプの殺虫成分や、除菌・抗菌成分、消臭成分等を保持させてもよい。 As in the case of "drug-holding clothing", the drug-holding body contains other functional components, for example, pyrethroids, in addition to the room-temperature volatilizing pyrethroid-based insecticidal component, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Other types of insecticidal components other than the system insecticidal component, disinfectant / antibacterial component, deodorant component, etc. may be retained.
常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を薬剤保持体に保持させるにあたっては、通常各種の溶剤で希釈したり、あるいは各種の添加物を添加して行うのが一般的である。
使用可能な溶剤としては、ｎ−パラフィン、イソパラフィンなどの炭化水素系溶剤、プロピレングリコール、１，３−ブチレングリコール、１，４−ブチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ヘキシレングリコールなどの炭素数３〜６のグリコール、これらのグリコールエーテル、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤などがあげられる。また、各種の添加剤としては、例えば、安定剤があげられ、ＢＨＴ、ＢＨＡ、２，２´−メチレンビス（４−エチル−６−ｔ−ブチルフェノール）、２，２´−メチレンビス（４−メチル−６−ｔ−ブチルフェノール）、４，４´−メチレンビス（２−メチル−６−ｔ−ブチルフェノール）、３，５−ジーｔ−ブチル−４−ヒドロキシアニソール、メルカブトベンズイミダゾール等が例示される。
In order to retain the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component in the drug holder, it is common to dilute it with various solvents or add various additives.
As the solvent that can be used, hydrocarbon solvents such as n-paraffin and isoparaffin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, hexylene glycol and the like have 3 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include glycols of ~ 6, these glycol ethers, ketone solvents, ester solvents and the like. Examples of various additives include stabilizers, such as BHT, BHA, 2,2'-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-t-butylphenol), and 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-). 6-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis (2-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 3,5-di t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, mercaptobenzimidazole and the like are exemplified.
上記薬剤保持体は、薬剤カートリッジに収納されて薬剤揮散装置に装填される。
薬剤揮散装置の電源は直流電源及び交流電源のいずれであってもよいが、通常、電池（アルカリ電池、マンガン電池、充電型電池、太陽電池等）が使いやすい。電池の容量は、用法・用量に応じて適宜選択することができ、携帯用には単３ないし単４電池が汎用的である。当該薬剤揮散装置は、回転駆動装置として、駆動モーターと、これに連結するモーター軸を備え、このモーター軸に前記薬剤カートリッジの軸受部を嵌合後、回転させて常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を揮散させる。
なお、オン−オフスイッチや使用の終点を示すパイロットランプ等が適宜装着されてもよいことは勿論である。また、薬剤揮散装置内に例えばランプ等を内蔵させることによって薬剤揮散装置内の温度を若干高め得る機能を付与し、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散性能を向上させることも有用である。
The drug holder is housed in a drug cartridge and loaded into a drug volatilizer.
The power source of the chemical volatilizer may be either a DC power source or an AC power source, but batteries (alkaline batteries, manganese batteries, rechargeable batteries, solar cells, etc.) are usually easy to use. The capacity of the battery can be appropriately selected according to the usage and dosage, and AA to AAA batteries are generally used for portability. The drug volatilization device includes a drive motor and a motor shaft connected to the drive motor as a rotation drive device. After fitting the bearing portion of the drug cartridge to the motor shaft, the chemical volatilization device is rotated to provide a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component. Volatilize.
Needless to say, an on-off switch, a pilot lamp indicating the end point of use, or the like may be appropriately installed. It is also useful to provide a function that can slightly raise the temperature inside the drug volatilization device by incorporating, for example, a lamp or the like in the drug volatilization device, and improve the volatilization performance of the room temperature volatilization pyrethroid insecticidal component.
駆動モーターとしては、一般に使用されるモーターであれば特に限定はなく、ブラシモーター又はブラシレスモーターのような各種のモーターがあげられる。特に、ブラシレスモーターは、モーターの寿命が長く、使用性にも優れているので好適である。
モーターの回転数については、５００〜２０００ｒｐｍ、好ましくは７００〜１６００ｒｐｍ、程度が適当である。５００ｒｐｍ未満であると、効力に対する影響に問題が出る可能性があり、一方、２０００ｒｐｍを超えると、電池使用の場合その消耗が大きくなり長期間使用出来ないと言う問題が生じる可能性がある。
The drive motor is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used motor, and examples thereof include various motors such as a brush motor and a brushless motor. In particular, a brushless motor is suitable because it has a long motor life and is excellent in usability.
The rotation speed of the motor is preferably 500 to 2000 rpm, preferably 700 to 1600 rpm. If it is less than 500 rpm, there may be a problem in the effect on the efficacy, while if it exceeds 2000 rpm, the battery may be consumed so much that it cannot be used for a long period of time.
前述の薬剤揮散装置は、薬剤保持体を回転させて常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を揮散させるタイプのものである。その装置の形態等について特に制限はないが、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の揮散を妨げないように適宜開口部が設けられる。 The above-mentioned drug volatilization device is of a type in which a drug holder is rotated to volatilize a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component. The form of the device is not particularly limited, but an opening is appropriately provided so as not to interfere with the volatilization of the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component.
なお、薬剤保持体にファンによる風を当てる、他方のタイプの薬剤揮散装置についても、その構成は概ね薬剤保持体回転タイプと同様であるが、別途ファンの設置を必要とすることはもちろんである。 The configuration of the other type of drug volatilizer, which blows the drug holder with a fan, is almost the same as that of the drug holder rotating type, but it goes without saying that a separate fan needs to be installed. ..
本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法によれば、草むらや森林等に入る前に、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を、使用者が腰、肩や手足などの身体の部位で、好ましくは「薬剤保持衣服」の上に装着すればよい。特に、薬剤揮散装置をベルトを介して腰に左右２個装着するのが好ましく、一層実用的な効果を期待できる。
而して、忌避成分による忌避効果と、薬剤揮散装置から放出される常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分による防除効果（忌避効果及び駆除効果を含む概念）が相乗的に協働し、およそ６〜１２時間にわたり、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害を効果的に回避できるのである。
According to the method for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs of the present invention, before entering grass or forests, "drug-holding clothes" are worn and an air stream containing a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component is released. The drug volatilization device as described above may be worn by the user on body parts such as the waist, shoulders, limbs, and preferably on “drug-holding clothing”. In particular, it is preferable to attach two drug volatilizers to the waist via a belt, and more practical effects can be expected.
Thus, the repellent effect of the repellent component and the control effect (concept including the repellent effect and the extermination effect) of the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component released from the drug volatilizer cooperate synergistically, and about 6 to 12 Over time, it is possible to effectively avoid the bite damage of bees and bugs.
本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法は、フタモンアシナガバチ、セグロアシナガバチ、キアシナガバチ、コガタスズメバチ、モンスズメバチ、ヒメスズメバチ、オオスズメバチ、キイロスズメバチ、チャイロスズメバチ、ミツバチ、クマバチなどのハチ類や、イヨシロアブ、アカウシアブ、シロフアブ、キンイロアブなどのアブ類に対して極めて有用な方法であるが、当然のことながら、ハチ、アブ類よりも防除が比較的容易な他の刺咬性飛翔害虫、例えば、アカイエカ、チカイエカ、ヒトスジシマカなどの蚊類、蚋、ユスリカ類、ハエ類、コバエ類（ショウジョウバエ類、ノミバエ類等）、チョウバエ類、イガ類などに対しても効果的であり、その実用性は非常に高い。 The method for preventing the bite damage of bees and mosquitoes of the present invention includes bees such as Futamon mosquitoes, seguro mosquitoes, mosquitoes, hornets, hornets, hornets, giant hornets, giant hornets, honeybees, honeybees, honeybees, and bears. , Akaushiab, Shirofuab, Kiniroab, and other abs, but of course, other biting flying pests that are relatively easier to control than bees and abs, such as mosquitoes. It is also effective against mosquitoes such as honeybees and hornets, flies, hornets, flies, flies (such as giant hornets and hornets), butterfly flies, and squids, and its practicality is extremely high.
次に具体的な実施例及び試験例に基づき、本発明のハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法について更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Next, the method for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs of the present invention will be described in more detail based on specific examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
イカリジンを４５ｇ（１５ｗ／ｖ％）、３−メチル−４−イソプロピルフェノールを０．３ｇ（０．１ｗ／ｖ％）及び精製水を１２０ｇ（４０ｗ／ｖ％）に、９９％エタノールを加えて全量を３００ｍＬとし、「第一の衣服」用の液剤を調製した。なお、この液剤は衣服着用後に、５ｍＬ／ｍ２の割合でレーヨン／ポリエステル製の上着にスプレーされ「薬剤保持衣服」を構成した。
一方、薬剤保持層と通気層とを有する円盤状のポリエチレンテレフタレート製繊維立体構造体（直径：５ｃｍ、厚さ：５ｍｍ）に、メトフルトリン４０ｍｇのイソパラフィン溶液を含浸させて薬剤保持体を調製し、薬剤保持体回転タイプの薬剤揮散装置を構成した。なお、薬剤揮散装置からのメトフルトリン放出量は０．１８ｍｇ／ｈであった。
Add 99% ethanol to 45 g (15 w / v%) of icaridin, 0.3 g (0.1 w / v%) of 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, 120 g (40 w / v%) of purified water, and add 99% ethanol to the total amount. Was 300 mL, and a liquid preparation for "first garment" was prepared. After wearing the clothes, this liquid was sprayed on a rayon / polyester outerwear at a ratio of 5 mL / m 2 to form "drug-holding clothes".
On the other hand, a disk-shaped polyethylene terephthalate fiber three-dimensional structure (diameter: 5 cm, thickness: 5 mm) having a drug-retaining layer and a breathable layer is impregnated with an isoparaffin solution of 40 mg of metoflutrin to prepare a drug-retaining body, and a drug is prepared. A cage rotation type drug volatilizer was constructed. The amount of metoflutrin released from the drug volatilizer was 0.18 mg / h.
山麓の土木作業現場に出かける前に、「薬剤保持衣服」を着用し、腰に薬剤揮散装置２個をベルトを介して装着した。
現場で午前８時から午後６時まで作業中、作業現場付近で何匹かのコガタスズメバチとイヨシロアブが飛来し作業員に接近したが刺咬被害を受けることなく飛び去り、本発明の実用性を実感できた。
Before going to the civil engineering work site at the foot of the mountain, I wore "drug holding clothes" and attached two drug volatilizers to my waist via a belt.
During the work from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm at the work site, some Kogatasuzumebachi and Iyoshiroab flew in near the work site and approached the worker, but flew away without being damaged by bites, and realized the practicality of the present invention. did it.
「薬剤保持衣服」及び薬剤揮散装置の刺咬被害防止効果の検証は、下記の模擬試験系により行った。
２０ｃｍ平方のレーヨン／ポリエステル製布地に、表１に示す処方の液剤をスプレーしてそれぞれ所定量の忌避成分を保持させた「薬剤保持衣服」を調製した。また、その上に常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分が所定量放出される薬剤揮散装置を載置して供試検体とした。供試検体は、薬剤保持衣服調製後２時間、８時間、１２時間の３種を試験に用いた。
次に、１ｍ立方のガラス箱に供試検体を置き、上記の供試検体上に、炭酸麻酔したフタモンアシナガバチ雌成虫を1匹置き、麻酔から覚醒した後の行動を観察した。ハチが供試検体上で、さかんに羽ばたき行動を行う、もしくはその場から飛び立とうとするといった、忌避行動を行った回数を１０分間記録した。結果を表２に示した。
The verification of the bite damage prevention effect of the "drug holding garment" and the drug volatilizer was carried out by the following mock test system.
A 20 cm square rayon / polyester fabric was sprayed with the liquids of the formulations shown in Table 1 to prepare "drug-holding garments" in which a predetermined amount of repellent components were retained. Further, a drug volatilizer that releases a predetermined amount of a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component was placed on the drug volatilization device to prepare a test sample. Three types of test samples were used for the test, 2 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours after the preparation of the drug-holding garment.
Next, a test sample was placed in a 1 m cubic glass box, and one adult female Asian paper wasp was placed on the test sample and anesthetized with carbon dioxide, and the behavior after awakening from the anesthesia was observed. The number of repellent behaviors of the bee, such as flapping its wings or trying to take off from the spot, was recorded for 10 minutes. The results are shown in Table 2.
試験の結果、ハチ類やアブ類に対する忌避成分の少なくとも１種以上を保持させた「薬剤保持衣服」を着用すると共に、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分の少なくとも１種以上を含む気流が放出されるようになした薬剤揮散装置を装着することによって、ハチ類やアブ類を忌避させて刺咬被害を防止できることが確認された。なお、忌避成分としては、イカリジンやＩＲ３５３５が好ましく、また、供試した常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分のなかでは、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、メペルフルトリンやヘプタフルトリンが好適で、更に、薬剤保持体を回転させる方式の方が、ファンによる風を当てるタイプよりもより効果的であることも明らかとなった。
比較例１及び比較例２が示すように、忌避成分又は薬剤揮散装置単独では、刺咬被害防止効果が乏しく、両者の相乗的協働作用が不可欠であった。また、比較例３の如く、常温揮散性ピレスロイド系殺虫成分を用いた場合でも、薬剤揮散装置で継続して放出させるのではなく、衣服に保持させた場合には刺咬被害防止効果の持続性が幾分短くなる傾向が観察され、本発明が極めて有用なハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止方法を提供することは明らかである。
As a result of the test, while wearing "drug-holding clothing" that retains at least one of the repellent components against bees and bugs, an air flow containing at least one of the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal components is released. It was confirmed that bees and bugs can be repelled and bite damage can be prevented by installing the chemical volatilization device as described above. As the repellent component, icaridin and IR3535 are preferable, and among the room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal components tested, transfluthrin, metoflutrin, meperfluthrin and heptafluthrin are preferable, and further, a drug carrier is used. It was also found that the rotating method is more effective than the fan-blown type.
As shown in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the repellent component or the drug volatilizer alone had a poor effect of preventing bite damage, and a synergistic cooperative action between the two was indispensable. Further, as in Comparative Example 3, even when a room temperature volatilizing pyrethroid insecticidal component is used, the effect of preventing bite damage is sustained when it is held in clothes instead of being continuously released by a drug volatilizing device. Is observed to be somewhat shorter, and it is clear that the present invention provides a very useful method for preventing the bite damage of bees and abs.
本発明は、ハチ、アブ類の刺咬被害防止用途だけでなく、他の分野にも利用できる可能性がある。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention may be used not only for preventing the bite damage of bees and bugs, but also for other fields.
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