JP2018012145A - 工作機械の主軸装置 - Google Patents
工作機械の主軸装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018012145A JP2018012145A JP2016141640A JP2016141640A JP2018012145A JP 2018012145 A JP2018012145 A JP 2018012145A JP 2016141640 A JP2016141640 A JP 2016141640A JP 2016141640 A JP2016141640 A JP 2016141640A JP 2018012145 A JP2018012145 A JP 2018012145A
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- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0032—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine
- B23Q11/0039—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine by changing the natural frequency of the system or by continuously changing the frequency of the force which causes the vibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0032—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
- F16C19/527—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to vibration and noise
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
- F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C27/04—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies
- F16C27/045—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies with a fluid film, e.g. squeeze film damping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/002—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion characterised by the control method or circuitry
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
- F16F15/0235—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means where a rotating member is in contact with fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2229/00—Setting preload
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
- F16C2322/39—General build up of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2232/00—Nature of movement
- F16F2232/02—Rotary
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】主軸装置Mは、制御装置1において、使用する工具8に応じて、主軸9に組み込まれた緩衝部材20a,20bの吸振効果を最大限に発揮できる軸受10a,10bの剛性を算出する。そして、算出された結果に基づいて付加圧力を制御し、軸受10a,10bの剛性を任意の値に変更することで、加工の加振力によって発生する振動を大幅に低減し、工具寿命および加工面品位を改善することができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
以下、本発明に係る工作機械の主軸装置の一実施形態について、図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1は、横形のマシニングセンタの主軸装置を示したものであり、主軸装置Mは、主軸9、ハウジング11、スリーブ12、軸受10a,10b等によって構成されている。
以下、この主軸装置Mの作動制御内容について、図2のフローチャートに基づいて説明する。主軸装置Mの作動を制御する際には、まず加工前に、ステップ(以下、単にSとする)1で、入力装置2により、演算装置3で用いる工具8の寸法と回転速度を設定する。
上記した主軸装置Mは、主軸9と主軸内蔵部材との間に緩衝部材20a,20bを取り付け、ハウジング11や周辺部品に特殊な加工をすることなく、ハウジング11の外側に圧力付加用の溝17a,17bを設けただけの非常に安価な構造になっている。それにもかかわらず、主軸装置Mは、加工する前に、使用する工具8の情報に基づいて振動抑制に最適な軸受剛性(軸受10a,10bの剛性)を算出し、主軸9の振動形態を変化させ、振動抑制部材(緩衝部材20a,20b)の吸振効果を最大限に発揮し、加工中の振動を抑えることができる。
本発明に係る主軸装置の構成は、上記実施形態の態様に何ら限定されるものではなく、主軸、軸受、ハウジング、スリーブ、カラー、溝(応力付加用の溝)、緩衝部材等の形状等の構成を、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、必要に応じて適宜変更することができる。たとえば、本発明に係る主軸装置は、上記実施形態の如く、軸受の予圧を変える手段として油圧を用いたものに限定されず、軸受への付加圧力を制御可能であれば、エアー圧等を用いたもの等でも良い。
1・・制御装置
2・・入力装置
3・・演算装置
4・・記録装置
5・・NC装置
6・・油圧ユニット
7・・制御弁
8・・工具
9・・主軸
10a,10b・・軸受
11・・ハウジング
12・・スリーブ
13・・カラー(第1カラー)
14・・カラー(第2カラー)
15・・ロータ
16・・Oリング
17・・溝(圧力付加用の溝)
18・・コレット
19・・ドローバー
20a,20b・・緩衝部材
21a,21b・・皿ばね
Claims (2)
- 主軸がスリーブの内側に軸受を介して回転支持されているとともに、回転体の振動変位のある位置に緩衝部材が設けられた工作機械の主軸装置であって、
演算装置によって、使用する工具のデータを用いて、軸受の支持剛性、工具を含む回転体の各部品の質量、減衰係数、剛性および回転による慣性から導かれる運動方程式に基づいて、回転体の自由振動における振動形態を解析し、
その振動形態における振動の腹または振動変位のある位置と、主軸内における前記緩衝部材の位置とが一致するように軸受のハウジング外径を変化させて、軸受のハウジング外径への予圧を変更することを特徴とする工作機械の主軸装置。 - 前記各軸受の設置部分の近傍におけるハウジングとスリーブとの間に、圧力を付加するための媒体を充填可能な空間を、軸受の幅と同程度以上の大きさとなるように設けて、
その空間内の媒体の圧力を調整することにより、軸受のハウジング外径を変化させることによって、軸受のハウジング外径への予圧を制御することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の工作機械の主軸装置。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016141640A JP6684673B2 (ja) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | 工作機械の主軸装置 |
US15/629,928 US10137547B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2017-06-22 | Main spindle device for machine tool |
DE102017212276.5A DE102017212276A1 (de) | 2016-07-19 | 2017-07-18 | Hauptspindelvorrichtung einer Werkzeugmaschine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP2016141640A JP6684673B2 (ja) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | 工作機械の主軸装置 |
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JP2018012145A true JP2018012145A (ja) | 2018-01-25 |
JP6684673B2 JP6684673B2 (ja) | 2020-04-22 |
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JP2016141640A Active JP6684673B2 (ja) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | 工作機械の主軸装置 |
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US (1) | US10137547B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6684673B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102017212276A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018109313B3 (de) | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-24 | Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Maschinenspindelanordnung |
DE102018117639B4 (de) | 2018-07-20 | 2020-10-29 | Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Lagervorrichtung, Spindelanordnung mit einer Lagervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Spindelanordnung |
JP6718166B1 (ja) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-07-08 | メタウォーター株式会社 | 情報処理システム、情報処理装置、プログラム、及び情報処理方法 |
DE102018119477B4 (de) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-06-25 | Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Spindelanordnung für eine Werkzeugmaschine |
CH715270A1 (de) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-02-28 | Reishauer Ag | Verstellvorrichtung für eine Verzahnmaschine mit verringerter Schwingungsneigung. |
EP3929677A1 (de) | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schwingungsdämpfungssystem und werkzeugmaschine |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61252044A (ja) * | 1985-05-02 | 1986-11-10 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | 防振効果を有する回転体 |
JPH05138408A (ja) * | 1991-11-13 | 1993-06-01 | Hitachi Seiko Ltd | 高速主軸装置 |
JPH08174306A (ja) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-09 | Ntn Corp | 予圧可変式軸受ユニット |
US6505972B1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2003-01-14 | The Timken Company | Bearing with adjustable setting |
JP2004150563A (ja) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 主軸の支持構造、工作機械 |
JP2010201587A (ja) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-16 | Panasonic Corp | 主軸装置 |
JP2014094420A (ja) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-22 | Okuma Corp | 工作機械の主軸装置 |
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US4086517A (en) * | 1976-04-06 | 1978-04-25 | Okuma Machinery Works Ltd. | System for controlling numerically controlled machine tool used for cutting threads |
DE69917486T2 (de) * | 1999-10-26 | 2005-05-12 | Makino Milling Machine Co. Ltd. | Drehende welle und werkzeugmaschine mit einer solchen welle |
US6808345B2 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2004-10-26 | Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha | Tool, tool holder, and machine tool |
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JP5337427B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-31 | 2013-11-06 | 黒田精工株式会社 | 工具ホルダの把持力測定装置 |
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JP5368232B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-24 | 2013-12-18 | オークマ株式会社 | 振動抑制装置 |
JP5536608B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-13 | 2014-07-02 | オークマ株式会社 | 工作機械における振動抑制方法及び振動抑制装置 |
JP5643676B2 (ja) | 2011-02-24 | 2014-12-17 | オークマ株式会社 | 振動抑制機能を備えた数値制御装置 |
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2016
- 2016-07-19 JP JP2016141640A patent/JP6684673B2/ja active Active
-
2017
- 2017-06-22 US US15/629,928 patent/US10137547B2/en active Active
- 2017-07-18 DE DE102017212276.5A patent/DE102017212276A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61252044A (ja) * | 1985-05-02 | 1986-11-10 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | 防振効果を有する回転体 |
JPH05138408A (ja) * | 1991-11-13 | 1993-06-01 | Hitachi Seiko Ltd | 高速主軸装置 |
JPH08174306A (ja) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-09 | Ntn Corp | 予圧可変式軸受ユニット |
US6505972B1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2003-01-14 | The Timken Company | Bearing with adjustable setting |
JP2004508509A (ja) * | 2000-09-01 | 2004-03-18 | ザ ティムケン カンパニー | 設定が調節可能な軸受 |
JP2004150563A (ja) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 主軸の支持構造、工作機械 |
JP2010201587A (ja) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-16 | Panasonic Corp | 主軸装置 |
JP2014094420A (ja) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-22 | Okuma Corp | 工作機械の主軸装置 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102017212276A1 (de) | 2018-01-25 |
JP6684673B2 (ja) | 2020-04-22 |
US20180021904A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
US10137547B2 (en) | 2018-11-27 |
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