JP2017063020A - 充電式電気化学エネルギー貯蔵デバイス - Google Patents
充電式電気化学エネルギー貯蔵デバイス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
正極として市販の亜鉛−空気電池からの空気電極を使用し、負極として活性炭容量性電極を使用することによって、非対称型エネルギー貯蔵デバイスの二電極試験セルを作製した。充放電サイクル中の空気電極の電位発生をモニタするために、水銀−酸化水銀(Hg/HgO)参照電極をセルに追加した。空気電極は、市販の亜鉛−空気ボタン電池を解体して、脱イオン水でリンスすることによって獲得した。試験セルに対して電解質として1MのKOHを使用した。電池試験装置(ARBIN)で電気化学試験を行った。図8に、定電流充/放電曲線のグラフを示す。充/放電曲線は、ほぼ線形であり、二重層容量(非ファラデー反応)に典型的である。検査サイクルの間、セルは安定している。視覚的に観察可能な充/放電時間の短縮は観察されない。充/放電サイクル中の空気電極電位は、一定を維持し、これにより空気電極が容量性電極の代わりに触媒として作用することが確認される。空気電極が触媒として作用しなければ、空気電極の電位は、充電中上昇し、放電中下降する。実験は、安定した非対称型の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイスが、空気電極および安定した容量性物質から得られることを示す。
生が起こる空気電極と、非ファラデー反応がその全体の比容量の少なくとも約5%に寄与
する容量性電極と、イオン透過性セパレータと、電解質とを備える充電式エネルギー貯蔵
デバイスを含む本発明を開示した。容量性電極に対して、非ファラデー反応は、全体の比
容量の少なくとも約20%に寄与することもある。非ファラデー反応が、全体の比容量の
少なくとも約50%または90%に寄与することも可能である。
Claims (25)
- 充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイスであって、
酸素の還元および発生を含む電気化学プロセスが起こる空気電極と、
容量性電極であって、該容量性電極の全体の比容量の少なくとも約5%に寄与する非ファラデー反応を含む電極プロセスが起こる容量性電極と、
イオン透過性であるセパレータと、
非ファラデー反応およびファラデー反応のためのイオンを含む電解質とを備える充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。 - 前記容量性電極プロセスが、前記容量性電極の全体の比容量の少なくとも約20%に寄与する非ファラデー反応を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記容量性電極プロセスが、前記容量性電極の全体の比容量の少なくとも約50%に寄与する非ファラデー反応を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記容量性電極プロセスが、前記容量性電極の全体の比容量の少なくとも約90%に寄与する非ファラデー反応を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が正極であり、前記容量性電極が前記充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイスの負極である、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が負極であり、前記容量性電極が、前記充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイスの正極である、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が多孔質ガス拡散層を含み、酸素の出入が前記多孔質ガス拡散層により達成される、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が2つの分離された電極を含み、酸素の還元および発生が、個々の分離された電極で起こる、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が、酸素の還元および発生を可能にする1つ以上の触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が、酸素還元用に、金属、熱分解金属ポルフィリン、金属酸化物、金属水酸化物、金属窒化物および機能化炭素質物質から選択された少なくとも1つの触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が、酸素発生用に、金属、金属酸化物、金属硫化物、金属炭化物および金属リン酸塩から選択された少なくとも1つの触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が、金属、熱分解金属ポルフィン、金属酸化物、金属水酸化物、金属窒化物および機能化炭素質物質を含む群から選択された少なくとも1つの二元機能触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記空気電極が、金属、導電性カーボン、導電性酸化物および導電性ポリマーから選択された導電性集電体を備える、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記容量性電極が、活性炭、多孔質炭素、炭素発泡体、炭素繊維、カーボンナノチューブ、グラフェンおよびカーボンナノ粒子を含む電気不活性物質から選択される少なくとも1つの物質を含み、前記物質が非ファラデー反応を起こす、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記容量性電極が、充電中、電解質からの金属陽イオンと合金を形成可能な金属、半金属、非金属、金属酸化物、金属ホウ酸塩、金属硫化物、金属セレン化物、金属リン化物、金属窒化物、フッ素化炭素、金属リン酸塩、金属フッ化物、金属硫酸塩、金属ホウ酸塩、金属バナジン酸塩、ポリオキソメタレート、導電性ポリマーおよびそれらの混合物を包含する電気活性物質から選択された少なくとも1つの物質を含み、前記物質がファラデー反応を起こす、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記容量性電極が、非ファラデー反応を起こす少なくとも1つの電気不活性電極物質およびファラデー反応を起こす少なくとも1つの電気活性電極物質の混合物または複合材料を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記電解質が、酸、塩基、塩またはそれらの混合物を含む水性液を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記電解質が、有機溶媒、ポリマーゲル、ポリマー、イオン性液体およびイオン伝導性固体から選択された非水性電解質を含む、請求項1に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記有機溶媒が、エチレンカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネートおよびアセトニトリルを包含する、請求項18に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記イオン伝導性固体が、リン酸チタンリチウムおよびペロブスカイト型、NASICON型およびLi4SiO4型の結晶構造を占める物質を含む、請求項18に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 酸素の還元および発生のための少なくとも1つの触媒を含む負の空気電極と、
電荷蓄積のための少なくとも1つの容量性物質を含む正の容量性電極と、
イオン透過性膜と、
非ファラデー反応およびファラデー反応のためのイオンを含む非水性電解質とを備える、充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。 - 前記容量性物質が、炭素質物質、フッ素化炭素、非金属、金属フッ化物、金属酸化物、金属リン酸塩、金属硫酸塩、金属ホウ酸塩、金属バナジン酸塩およびそれらの混合物から選択される少なくとも1つの物質を含む、請求項21に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 酸素の還元および発生のための少なくとも1つの触媒を含む正の空気電極と、
複合材料または化合物からなる少なくとも1つの電気活性物質を含む負の容量性電極と、
イオン透過性セパレータと、
金属イオンを含む非水性電解質とを備える、充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。 - 前記容量性物質が、炭素質物質と、放電中に溶解しない半金属および金属から選択される物質とを含む、複合材料を含む、請求項23に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
- 前記容量性物質が、金属酸化物、金属硫化物、金属セレン化物、金属リン化物、金属ホウ酸塩、金属窒化物およびそれらの混合物から選択される化合物を含む、請求項23に記載の充電式エネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
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US12/960,002 US9305716B2 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | Rechargeable electrochemical energy storage device |
US12/960,002 | 2010-12-03 |
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JP2013541993A Division JP2014505321A (ja) | 2010-12-03 | 2011-10-25 | 充電式電気化学エネルギー貯蔵デバイス |
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JP (2) | JP2014505321A (ja) |
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Also Published As
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US9305716B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
CN103238239A (zh) | 2013-08-07 |
WO2012074622A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
JP2014505321A (ja) | 2014-02-27 |
CN103238239B (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
US20120140378A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
US10147987B2 (en) | 2018-12-04 |
US20160164152A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
KR20140004640A (ko) | 2014-01-13 |
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